JP3816661B2 - Automotive exhaust gas purification system - Google Patents

Automotive exhaust gas purification system Download PDF

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JP3816661B2
JP3816661B2 JP06665898A JP6665898A JP3816661B2 JP 3816661 B2 JP3816661 B2 JP 3816661B2 JP 06665898 A JP06665898 A JP 06665898A JP 6665898 A JP6665898 A JP 6665898A JP 3816661 B2 JP3816661 B2 JP 3816661B2
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exhaust gas
carbon dioxide
gas purification
purification system
combustor
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JPH11262631A (en
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俊之 大橋
和明 中川
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Toshiba Corp
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Toshiba Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0857—Carbon oxides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、自動車の排気ガスの浄化や、炭化水素系成分を燃料とするエネルギープラントや化学プラントの排気ガスの浄化に応用される排気ガス浄化システムに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
例えば、自動車の排気ガスに含有される有害物質である一酸化炭素（ＣＯ）、窒素酸化物（ＮＯx ）、炭化水素（ＨＣ）は、空気比（空気と燃料の混合比）の最適化と三元触媒と称される排気ガス浄化触媒（Ｒｕ，Ｐｔなどの貴金属）の作用により低減される。
【０００３】
前記ＣＯ，ＨＣは、次式の反応にしたがって炭酸ガス（ＣＯ2 ）と水素（Ｈ2 ）、炭酸ガス（ＣＯ2 ）と水（Ｈ2 Ｏ）を生成する。
ＣＯ＋Ｈ2 Ｏ→ＣＯ2 ＋Ｈ2
ＨＣ＋Ｏ2 →ＣＯ2 ＋Ｈ2 Ｏ
しかしながら、前記ＣＯ，ＨＣの反応においてＣＯ2 が多く存在すると、ＣＯの酸化等が円滑に進行しないことが予想される。また、ＣＯの酸化により生成したＣＯ2 は地球温暖化防止の観点からも大気中に放出されることは好ましくない。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、燃焼器の排気ガスから大気中に放出される有害成分を大幅に低減することが可能な自動車用排気ガス浄化システムを提供しようとするものである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係わる自動車用排気ガス浄化システムは、炭化水素系成分を燃料とする燃焼器と、
前記燃焼器で発生されたＣＯ 2 ，ＣＯ，ＨＣおよびＮＯ x を含む排気ガスが流通する排気管に配置され、排気ガス中のＣＯ 2 を吸収するリチウムの複合酸化物からなる炭酸ガス吸収材と、
前記排気ガスが流通する排気管に前記炭酸ガス吸収材の後段側に位置するように配置され、前記排気ガス中のＣＯ，ＨＣおよびＮＯ x を低減するＲｕ−Ｐｔ−Ｐｄからなる排気ガス浄化三元触媒と、
を具備したことを特徴とするものである。
【０００６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係わる排気ガス浄化システムを図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
図１は、本発明の排気ガス浄化システムを示す概略図である。図中の１は、炭化水素系成分を燃料とする燃焼器である。排気管２は、前記燃焼器１に連結され、その排気ガスが流通する。ＣＯ2 を４００℃以上の温度で吸収する炭酸ガス吸収材３は、前記排気管２に配置され、さらに排ガス浄化触媒４は前記炭酸ガス吸収材３後段の前記排気管２に配置されている。
【０００７】
前記燃焼器１の燃料は、炭化水素系成分であれば特に限定されないが、具体的にはガソリン、メタノールが用いられる。
前記燃焼器としては、例えばガソリンエンジン、ディーゼルエンジン等を挙げることができる。
【０００８】
前記排気ガス浄化触媒としては、例えばＲｕ，Ｐｔ，Ｐｄなどの貴金属、Ｎｉ，Ｆｅ，Ｃｏ等の酸化物等を挙げることかできる。
前記炭酸ガス吸収材は、ＣＯ2を４００℃以上の温度で吸収する性質を有する材料である。具体的には、リチウムの複合酸化物（リチウムと無機酸化物の化合物）が挙げられる。この無機酸化物としては、例えばＺｒＯ2，Ａｌ2Ｏ3，ＭｇＯ，ＣａＯ，Ｆｅ2Ｏ3，ＣｅＯ2，ＴｉＯ2，ＮｉＯ等を挙げることができる。
【０００９】
前記リチウムの複合酸化物、例えばリチウムジルコネート；Ｌｉ2 ＺｒＯ3 は、４００℃以上の温度下でリチウムがＣＯ2 と反応してＬｉ2 ＣＯ3 とＺｒＯ2 を生成する、ＣＯ2 吸収反応を生じる。また、前記リチウムの複合酸化物、例えばリチウムジルコネート；Ｌｉ2 ＺｒＯ3 はＣＯ2 を吸収した温度域より高温領域でＬｉ2 ＣＯ3 とＺｒＯ2 とから再びリチウムの複合酸化物（Ｌｉ2 ＺｒＯ3 ）に戻る、ＣＯ2 放出反応を起こす。
【００１０】
前記ＣＯ2 の吸収・放出の温度領域は、リチウムの複合酸化物の種類により異なる。例えば、ＬｉとＺｒＯ2 との複合酸化物であるＬｉ2 ＺｒＯ3 はＣＯ2 吸収反応が４００〜５８０℃で起こり、ＣＯ2 放出反応は６００℃以上の温度で起こる。
【００１１】
すなわち、前記リチウムの複合酸化物からなる炭酸ガス吸収材はＣＯ2 の吸収温度で一定期間使用した後、ＣＯ2 の放出反応が生じて再生されることが必要である。このような形態の炭酸ガス吸収材を実現するには、例えば炭酸ガス吸収材をカートリッジ交換方式とし、一定期間経過後に取り外して処理する方法、または自動車の車体に炭酸ガス吸収材の再生機能を付加し、再生時に発生するＣＯ2 を回収する方法が採用される。
【００１２】
前記炭酸ガス吸収材の形態は、例えば円柱形状のペレットとし、これを容器内に充填する形態またはハニカム構造体が挙げられる。
前記炭酸ガス吸収材の量は、排気ガス量に応じて調節される。例えば、炭酸ガス吸収材をカートリッジ方式にする場合には、炭酸ガス吸収材を予めカートリッジ内に交換時まで所定量のＣＯ2 を吸収する能力が維持される量を充填する。具体的には、排気ガス量が３Ｌ／ｍｉｎで、２４時間後にカートリッジを交換する場合、炭酸ガス吸収材の量を約２．２ｋｇ（Ｌｉ2 ＺｒＯ3 の場合）にすることが好ましい。
【００１３】
前記炭酸ガス吸収材は、４００℃以上の温度にする観点から前述した図１に示す燃焼器１の近傍に配置することが好ましい。
以上説明した本発明の排気ガス浄化システムは、炭化水素系成分を燃料とする燃焼器と、前記燃焼器の排気ガスが流通する排気管に配置された排ガス浄化触媒とを具備し、前記燃焼器と前記浄化触媒の間の前記排気管にＣＯ2 を４００℃以上の温度で吸収する炭酸ガス吸収材を配置した構造を有するため、排気ガス中のＣＯ，ＨＣ，ＮＯx 等の有害物質を大幅に低減することができる。
【００１４】
すなわち、ガソリンエンジンで空燃比を最適化して運転した燃焼排ガスの組成はＣＯ 0.3 ％，ＮＯ 0.05〜0.15％，Ｈ2 Ｏ 約13％，Ｈ2 0.1 〜0.3 ％，ＨＣ 0 ．03〜0.08％，ＳＯ2 約0.002 ％，Ｏ2 0.2 〜0.5 ％，ＣＯ2 約12％、残りＮ2 であり、ＣＯ2 が全体の約12％を占めている。また、排気ガス中の成分は触媒の存在下で次のような（１）〜（３）等の反応がなされる。
【００１５】
ＣＯ＋Ｈ2 Ｏ→ＣＯ2 ＋Ｈ2 …（１）
ＨＣ＋Ｏ2 →ＣＯ2 ＋Ｈ2 Ｏ …（２）
２ＮＯ＋２ＣＯ→２ＣＯ2 ＋Ｎ2 …（３）
このような燃焼排気ガスの成分組成および触媒の存在下でのＣＯ，ＨＣの反応、特に（１）式の反応において、反応生成物であるＣＯ2 をトラップすることにより右側の反応が促進される。前述した図１に示すように燃焼排ガスの流路である排気管２の排気ガス浄化触媒４の前段に炭酸ガス吸収材３を配置することにより、前記燃焼排気ガスの成分組成中に１２％占めるＣＯ2 を吸収して低減できるために、この吸収材３の後段の排気ガス浄化触媒４に導入される排気ガスのＣＯ2 の分圧を低減できる。その結果、前記（１）式の右側への反応が促進、つまりＣＯのＣＯ2 への生成が促進、されるため、自動車から排出される排気ガス中のＣＯ量を大幅に低減することができる。また、前記（２）、（３）式からＨＣ，ＮＯx の量も低減することができる。
従って、本発明によれば排気ガス中のＣＯ，ＨＣ，ＮＯx 等の有害物質を大幅に低減することができる。
【００１６】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の好ましい実施例を詳細に説明する。
（実施例１）
まず、Ｌｉ2 ＺｒＯ3 からなる直径１０mmの円柱状ペレット約３ｋｇが充填されたカートリッジを図１に示す炭酸ガス吸収材とし組み込み、かつ排気ガス浄化触媒４としてＲｕ−Ｐｔ−Ｐｄからなるものを用いた。
【００１７】
燃焼器１からガソリンエンジンの燃焼排気ガス組成を模擬した下記表１に示すガス（４００〜５００℃に予め加熱）を排気管２を通して３Ｌ／ｍｉｎの流量で前記炭酸ガス吸収材３に導入し、さらに排気ガス浄化触媒４を流通させ、２４時間経過後における前記触媒の出口側のガス組成を分析した。その結果を下記表２に示す。
【００１８】
（実施例２）
まず、直径２００ｍｍ、長さ１００ｍｍで１ｃｍ2 当たり５０個のセルを有するコーディエライト製円柱状ハニカム構造基材にＬｉ2 ＺｒＯ3 を含むスラリーを固形分換算で４．５ｋｇコートし、大気中、８００℃で焼成し、えられた構造物を前述した図１に示す炭酸ガス吸収材とし組み込み、かつ排気ガス浄化触媒４としてＲｕ−Ｐｔ−Ｐｄからなるものを用いた。
【００１９】
燃焼器１からガソリンエンジンの燃焼排気ガス組成を模擬した下記表１に示すガス（４００〜５００℃に予め加熱）を排気管２を通して６Ｌ／ｍｉｎの流量で前記炭酸ガス吸収材３に導入し、さらに排気ガス浄化触媒４を流通させ、２４時間経過後における前記触媒の出口側のガス組成を分析した。その結果を下記表２に示す。
【００２０】
（実施例３）
実施例１においてＣＯ2 を吸収した後の炭酸ガス吸収材に６５０℃の空気を流通させた後、再び、実施例１と同様に燃焼器１からガソリンエンジンの燃焼排気ガス組成を模擬した下記表１に示すガス（４００〜５００℃に予め加熱）を排気管２を通して３Ｌ／ｍｉｎの流量で前記炭酸ガス吸収材３に導入し、さらに排気ガス浄化触媒４を流通させ、２４時間経過後における前記触媒の出口側のガス組成を分析した。その結果を下記表２に示す。
【００２１】
（比較例１）
排気管にＲｕ−Ｐｔ−Ｐｄからなる排気ガス浄化触媒のみを配置した以外、実施例１と同様にガソリンエンジンの燃焼排気ガス組成を模擬した下記表１に示すガス（４００〜５００℃に予め加熱）を排気管を通して３Ｌ／ｍｉｎの流量で排気ガス浄化触媒を流通させ、２４時間経過後における前記触媒の出口側のガス組成を分析した。その結果を下記表２に示す。
【００２２】
【表１】

Figure 0003816661
【００２３】
【表２】
Figure 0003816661
【００２４】
前記表２から明らかなように炭酸ガス吸収材を排気ガス浄化触媒の前段に配置した実施例１、２の浄化システムは、排気ガス浄化触媒のみを配置した比較例１の浄化システムに比べてＣＯ，ＨＣ，ＮＯx の有害物質を効果的に低減できることがわかる。
【００２５】
また、実施例３に示すようにＣＯ2 を吸収した後、再生した炭酸ガス吸収材を用いた場合でも、実施例１と同様、ＣＯ，ＨＣ，ＮＯx の有害物質を効果的に低減できることがわかる。
【００２６】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように本発明に係わる排気ガス浄化システムは、排気ガス中のＣＯ，ＨＣ，ＮＯx の有害物質を効果的に低減できるため、自動車、エネルギープラント、化学プラント等に有効に適用することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係わる排気ガス浄化システムを示す概略図。
【符号の説明】
１…燃焼器、
２…排気管、
３…炭酸ガス吸収材、
４…排気ガス浄化触媒。[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification system applied to the purification of exhaust gas from automobiles and the purification of exhaust gas from energy plants and chemical plants using hydrocarbon components as fuel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO x ), and hydrocarbons (HC), which are harmful substances contained in automobile exhaust gas, are optimized for air ratio (mixing ratio of air and fuel). It is reduced by the action of an exhaust gas purification catalyst (a noble metal such as Ru or Pt) called a three-way catalyst.
[0003]
The CO and HC generate carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water (H 2 O) according to the following reaction.
CO + H 2 O → CO 2 + H 2
HC + O 2 → CO 2 + H 2 O
However, if a large amount of CO 2 is present in the reaction of CO and HC, it is expected that the oxidation of CO does not proceed smoothly. Moreover, it is not preferable that CO 2 produced by CO oxidation is released into the atmosphere from the viewpoint of preventing global warming.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention is intended to provide an automobile exhaust gas purification system capable of greatly reducing harmful components released from the exhaust gas of a combustor into the atmosphere.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An automobile exhaust gas purification system according to the present invention includes a combustor using a hydrocarbon-based component as fuel,
A carbon dioxide absorbent comprising a composite oxide of lithium, which is disposed in an exhaust pipe through which exhaust gas containing CO 2 , CO, HC and NO x generated in the combustor flows, and absorbs CO 2 in the exhaust gas ; ,
An exhaust gas purification system comprising Ru—Pt—Pd , which is disposed in an exhaust pipe through which the exhaust gas circulates so as to be positioned downstream of the carbon dioxide absorbent and reduces CO, HC, and NO x in the exhaust gas. The original catalyst,
It is characterized by comprising.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an exhaust gas purification system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an exhaust gas purification system of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 in the figure denotes a combustor that uses a hydrocarbon-based component as fuel. The exhaust pipe 2 is connected to the combustor 1 and the exhaust gas flows therethrough. A carbon dioxide absorbent 3 that absorbs CO 2 at a temperature of 400 ° C. or more is disposed in the exhaust pipe 2, and an exhaust gas purification catalyst 4 is disposed in the exhaust pipe 2 subsequent to the carbon dioxide absorbent 3.
[0007]
The fuel of the combustor 1 is not particularly limited as long as it is a hydrocarbon component, but specifically, gasoline or methanol is used.
Examples of the combustor include a gasoline engine and a diesel engine.
[0008]
Examples of the exhaust gas purification catalyst include noble metals such as Ru, Pt, and Pd, oxides such as Ni, Fe, and Co.
The carbon dioxide absorbing material is a material having a property of absorbing CO 2 at a temperature of 400 ° C. or higher. Specifically, a lithium composite oxide (a compound of lithium and an inorganic oxide) can be given. As the inorganic oxide may include, for example, ZrO 2, Al 2 O 3, MgO, CaO, Fe 2 O 3, a CeO 2, TiO 2, NiO, and the like.
[0009]
Lithium complex oxides such as lithium zirconate; Li 2 ZrO 3 causes a CO 2 absorption reaction in which lithium reacts with CO 2 at temperatures of 400 ° C. or higher to produce Li 2 CO 3 and ZrO 2 . In addition, the lithium composite oxide, for example, lithium zirconate; Li 2 ZrO 3 is a lithium composite oxide (Li 2 ZrO 3 ) again from Li 2 CO 3 and ZrO 2 in a temperature range higher than the temperature range in which CO 2 is absorbed. ), A CO 2 releasing reaction is caused.
[0010]
The temperature range of CO 2 absorption / release varies depending on the type of lithium complex oxide. For example, Li 2 ZrO 3, which is a composite oxide of Li and ZrO 2 , undergoes a CO 2 absorption reaction at 400 to 580 ° C., and a CO 2 releasing reaction occurs at a temperature of 600 ° C. or higher.
[0011]
That is, the carbon dioxide-absorbing material comprising a composite oxide of lithium after use for a certain period of time at the absorption temperature of CO 2, it is necessary that the release reaction of CO2 is reproduced occurs. In order to realize such a form of carbon dioxide absorbent, for example, the carbon dioxide absorbent is replaced with a cartridge, and after a certain period of time, a method of removing and processing the carbon dioxide absorbent or adding a regeneration function of the carbon dioxide absorbent to the body of an automobile is added. A method of recovering CO 2 generated during regeneration is employed.
[0012]
Examples of the form of the carbon dioxide absorbing material include a form in which a cylindrical pellet is filled and filled in a container, or a honeycomb structure.
The amount of the carbon dioxide absorbing material is adjusted according to the amount of exhaust gas. For example, when the carbon dioxide absorbing material is of a cartridge type, the carbon dioxide absorbing material is previously filled in the cartridge with an amount that maintains the ability to absorb a predetermined amount of CO 2 until the replacement. Specifically, when the amount of exhaust gas is 3 L / min and the cartridge is replaced after 24 hours, the amount of carbon dioxide absorbent is preferably about 2.2 kg (in the case of Li 2 ZrO 3 ).
[0013]
The carbon dioxide absorbent is preferably disposed in the vicinity of the above-described combustor 1 shown in FIG. 1 from the viewpoint of setting the temperature to 400 ° C. or higher.
The exhaust gas purification system of the present invention described above includes a combustor using a hydrocarbon-based component as a fuel, and an exhaust gas purification catalyst disposed in an exhaust pipe through which the exhaust gas of the combustor flows, and the combustor Since the carbon dioxide gas absorbing material that absorbs CO2 at a temperature of 400 ° C. or higher is disposed in the exhaust pipe between the exhaust gas and the purification catalyst, harmful substances such as CO, HC, and NO x in the exhaust gas are greatly increased. Can be reduced.
[0014]
That is, the composition of the combustion exhaust gas operated by optimizing the air-fuel ratio in the gasoline engine is CO 0.3%, NO 0.05 to 0.15%, H 2 O about 13%, H 2 0.1 to 0.3%, HC 0. From 03 to 0.08% SO 2 to about 0.002%, O 2 0.2 ~0.5% , CO 2 12%, a remainder N 2, CO 2 accounts for about 12% of the total. The components in the exhaust gas undergo the following reactions (1) to (3) in the presence of a catalyst.
[0015]
CO + H 2 O → CO 2 + H 2 (1)
HC + O 2 → CO 2 + H 2 O (2)
2NO + 2CO → 2CO 2 + N 2 (3)
In the reaction of CO and HC in the presence of the composition of the combustion exhaust gas and the catalyst, particularly the reaction of the formula (1), the reaction on the right side is promoted by trapping the reaction product CO 2. . As shown in FIG. 1 described above, by disposing the carbon dioxide absorbent 3 in front of the exhaust gas purification catalyst 4 of the exhaust pipe 2 that is the flow path of the combustion exhaust gas, it accounts for 12% in the component composition of the combustion exhaust gas. Since CO 2 can be absorbed and reduced, the partial pressure of CO 2 in the exhaust gas introduced into the exhaust gas purification catalyst 4 downstream of the absorbent 3 can be reduced. As a result, the reaction to the right side of the equation (1) is promoted, that is, the production of CO into CO 2 is promoted, so that the amount of CO in the exhaust gas discharged from the automobile can be greatly reduced. . In addition, the amount of HC and NO x can be reduced from the equations (2) and (3).
Accordingly, CO in the exhaust gas according to the present invention, HC, the harmful substances such as NO x can be reduced significantly.
[0016]
【Example】
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
Example 1
First, use one made of Ru-Pt-Pd embedded, and as an exhaust gas purification catalyst 4 and the carbon dioxide-absorbing material shown a cartridge cylindrical pellet of about 3kg diameter 10mm made of Li 2 ZrO 3 is filled in Figure 1 It was.
[0017]
The gas shown in Table 1 below (preliminarily heated to 400 to 500 ° C.) simulating the combustion exhaust gas composition of a gasoline engine from the combustor 1 is introduced into the carbon dioxide absorbent 3 through the exhaust pipe 2 at a flow rate of 3 L / min. Further, the exhaust gas purification catalyst 4 was circulated, and the gas composition on the outlet side of the catalyst after 24 hours was analyzed. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0018]
(Example 2)
First, a cordierite columnar honeycomb structure base material having a diameter of 200 mm, a length of 100 mm, and 50 cells per cm 2 is coated with 4.5 kg of a slurry containing Li 2 ZrO 3 in terms of solid content, The structure obtained by baking at 800 ° C. was incorporated as the carbon dioxide absorbent shown in FIG. 1 and the exhaust gas purification catalyst 4 was made of Ru—Pt—Pd.
[0019]
The gas shown in Table 1 below (preliminarily heated to 400 to 500 ° C.) simulating the combustion exhaust gas composition of a gasoline engine from the combustor 1 is introduced into the carbon dioxide absorbent 3 through the exhaust pipe 2 at a flow rate of 6 L / min. Further, the exhaust gas purification catalyst 4 was circulated, and the gas composition on the outlet side of the catalyst after 24 hours was analyzed. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0020]
Example 3
After 650 ° C. air was circulated through the carbon dioxide absorbent after absorbing CO 2 in Example 1, the following table simulating the combustion exhaust gas composition of the gasoline engine from the combustor 1 again as in Example 1. 1 (preliminarily heated to 400 to 500 ° C.) is introduced into the carbon dioxide absorbent 3 through the exhaust pipe 2 at a flow rate of 3 L / min, and the exhaust gas purification catalyst 4 is further circulated. The gas composition on the outlet side of the catalyst was analyzed. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0021]
(Comparative Example 1)
The gas shown in Table 1 below (simulated in advance to 400 to 500 ° C.) simulating the combustion exhaust gas composition of a gasoline engine in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only an exhaust gas purification catalyst made of Ru—Pt—Pd was placed in the exhaust pipe. ) Was passed through the exhaust pipe at a flow rate of 3 L / min, and the gas composition on the outlet side of the catalyst after 24 hours was analyzed. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0022]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003816661
[0023]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003816661
[0024]
As is apparent from Table 2, the purification systems of Examples 1 and 2 in which the carbon dioxide absorbent is disposed in front of the exhaust gas purification catalyst are more CO 2 than the purification system of Comparative Example 1 in which only the exhaust gas purification catalyst is disposed. It can be seen that harmful substances such as HC, NO x can be effectively reduced.
[0025]
Further, even when the carbon dioxide absorbent regenerated after absorbing CO 2 as shown in Example 3, the harmful substances of CO, HC, NO x can be effectively reduced as in Example 1. Recognize.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
It described exhaust gas purification system according to the present invention as is, CO in the exhaust gas, HC, since it effectively reduces harmful substances NO x, automotive, energy plants, be effectively applied to a chemical plant or the like or be able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an exhaust gas purification system according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... combustor,
2 ... exhaust pipe,
3 ... Carbon dioxide absorber,
4 ... Exhaust gas purification catalyst.

Claims (2)

炭化水素系成分を燃料とする燃焼器と、
前記燃焼器で発生されたＣＯ 2 ，ＣＯ，ＨＣおよびＮＯ x を含む排気ガスが流通する排気管に配置され、排気ガス中のＣＯ 2 を吸収するリチウムの複合酸化物からなる炭酸ガス吸収材と、
前記排気ガスが流通する排気管に前記炭酸ガス吸収材の後段側に位置するように配置され、前記排気ガス中のＣＯ，ＨＣおよびＮＯ x を低減するＲｕ−Ｐｔ−Ｐｄからなる排気ガス浄化三元触媒と、
を具備したことを特徴とする自動車用排気ガス浄化システム。A combustor using hydrocarbon-based components as fuel;
A carbon dioxide absorbent comprising a composite oxide of lithium, which is disposed in an exhaust pipe through which exhaust gas containing CO 2 , CO, HC and NO x generated in the combustor flows, and absorbs CO 2 in the exhaust gas ; ,
An exhaust gas purification system comprising Ru—Pt—Pd , which is disposed in an exhaust pipe through which the exhaust gas circulates so as to be positioned downstream of the carbon dioxide absorbent and reduces CO, HC, and NO x in the exhaust gas. The original catalyst,
An exhaust gas purification system for automobiles, comprising: 炭酸ガス吸収材は、交換可能なカートリジに充填されることを特徴とする請求項１記載の自動車用排気ガス浄化システム。  2. The exhaust gas purification system for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide absorbing material is filled in a replaceable cartridge.
JP06665898A 1998-03-17 1998-03-17 Automotive exhaust gas purification system Expired - Fee Related JP3816661B2 (en)

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JP4483359B2 (en) * 2004-03-19 2010-06-16 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Internal combustion engine warm-up device
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US20140044632A1 (en) * 2011-04-18 2014-02-13 Ryncosmos Llc Method and apparatus for removal of carbon dioxide from automobile, household and industrial exhaust gases
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