JP3814582B2 - Friction stir welding method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the probe is relatively moved along the abutting portion while pressing the rotating probe against one surface of the abutting portion where the end of the first plate member and the end of the second plate member are abutted. The present invention relates to a friction stir welding method and apparatus for joining the butt portions by moving them.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, friction stir welding (hereinafter also referred to as FSW) is known in which two workpieces are solid-phase bonded using frictional heat generated when a rotating probe is inserted into a workpiece (object). It has been. According to the above bonding, the bonded portion of the workpiece can maintain a strength of about 80% with respect to the base material, and the coarsening of the crystal can be prevented.
[0003]
For example, when an aluminum material is used as a workpiece and conventional spot welding or electron beam welding is performed, excessive heat is applied to the aluminum material. For this reason, there exists a possibility of causing the strength fall by deterioration and coarsening of material.
[0004]
On the other hand, in FSW, even if a metal material having a relatively low melting point such as an aluminum material (in the case of aluminum, about 600 ° C. to 660 ° C.) is used, bonding is performed at about 500 ° C. Is prevented. Therefore, in the case of using FSW, in addition to the aluminum material, it can be applied to other materials such as magnesium, titanium, and polymers.
[0005]
An example of applying the FSW to an aluminum material is an aluminum frame made of a large member such as a train. This type of large member places importance on the bonding strength, and the thickness of the aluminum material is usually set to 5 mm or more. On the other hand, the thickness of a member that is desired to be reduced in weight while improving its strength, such as a gas turbine engine member, cannot be increased. For this reason, the outer frame of a gas turbine engine is comprised, for example using the thin plate-shaped aluminum material of about 1.2 mm.
[0006]
However, when forming a relatively large-diameter cylindrical member by joining the butted portions of both ends of a thin plate-like aluminum material by FSW, roundness can be obtained because the aluminum material is thin. There is a problem that you can not.
[0007]
Furthermore, when joining the butted part which faced | matched the edge parts of two cylindrical members by FSW, there exists a possibility that the circumferential length of each edge part may not become the same dimension. Therefore, when the cylindrical member is joined by FSW in this state, there is a problem that a phase difference is generated at the final portion of the joined portion, for example, so-called wrinkles that are deformed into a waveform are caused.
[0008]
In addition, at the time of joining by FSW, a pressing force in units of 1 t to 2 t is applied to the thin plate-like aluminum material. For this reason, if the aluminum material cannot be reliably held, there is a problem that unevenness is generated by FSW in the joint portion.
[0009]
Therefore, for example, in the joining method of the aluminum member of Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 12, the hollow tubes 1a, 1b and the hollow tubes (plate members) 1a, 1b are placed inside the butted portions 2 of the aluminum tubes. A backing 3 of the same material is arranged. A predetermined gap C is formed between the backing 3 and the inner surface of the butt portion 2.
[0010]
In such a configuration, while the probe 4 is rotated at a high speed, the probe tip 4 a is inserted into the abutting portion 2 and the backing 3, and the probe 4 is moved along the abutting portion 2. Thereby, friction stir welding is performed on the entire circumference of the abutting portion 2 that goes around.
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 11-226759 A (paragraphs [0018], [0019], FIG. 1)
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In said patent document 1, the backing 3 is joined to the inner surface of this hollow tube 1a, 1b as a reinforcing material of hollow tube 1a, 1b. However, the hollow tubes 1a and 1b to which the backing 3 is bonded in this way cannot be used as an outer frame of a gas turbine engine, for example. For this reason, after joining the hollow tubes 1a and 1b, the backing 3 must be peeled off from the inner surfaces of the hollow tubes 1a and 1b. It has been pointed out that distortion occurs due to the peeling process. In addition, the backing 3 may be damaged by peeling, and thus cannot be used repeatedly, and is not economical.
[0013]
The present invention solves this type of problem, and particularly a friction stir welding method capable of joining thin cylindrical members well and economically, and capable of simplifying the structure and process, and An object is to provide an apparatus.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, a cushioning member is attached to the backing jig that holds the other surface of the butted portion, corresponding to the butted portion. Next, with the first and second cylindrical members held by the backing jig, while inserting the probe from one surface of the butting portion and maintaining the tip of the probe at a position spaced from the buffer member, Friction stir welding is performed along the butted portion. At that time, the first and second cylindrical members are arranged on the backing jig in a state where the first and second cylindrical members are thermally expanded with respect to the backing jig. When the first and second cylindrical members are heated, the first and second cylindrical members are thermally expanded to increase the inner peripheral diameter. Accordingly, the first and second cylindrical members are easily packaged on the backing jig, and are contracted by being cooled, so that the first and second cylindrical members are in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the backing jig.
[0015]
For this reason, the first and second cylindrical members do not stick to the backing jig, and the backing jig does not have a risk of damage due to peeling from the first and second cylindrical members. Accordingly, the backing jig can be used repeatedly and is economical. Moreover, the first and second cylindrical members are not joined to the buffer member, and the buffer member can be easily detached.
[0016]
Further, after the friction stir welding is performed, in a state where the other surface the cushioning member of the butted portion is crimped, only backing jig is detached from the butt portion. Next, the buffer member is detached from the other surface of the butted portion. For this reason, residual distortion does not occur in the first and second cylindrical members when the backing jig is detached.
[0017]
Further, by the other face of the butt portion back against jig contact state, it restricts the ends of the first and second cylindrical members to the same length. Therefore, even in a thin-walled but relatively large diameter butting portion, a phase difference due to deformation or wrinkles does not occur due to insertion of the probe, and the roundness of the butting portion can be maintained well. And dimensional accuracy is improved. In addition, it is possible to prevent the butting portion from being displaced and to accurately position, so that the friction stir welding process is efficiently performed.
[0018]
Furthermore, back against jig has a perfect circular shape outer circumferential surface of, regulating the ends of the first and second cylindrical members in close contact with the outer peripheral surface at the same circumferential length. Accordingly, the first and second cylindrical members are reliably joined to the entire circumference of the abutting portion while reliably maintaining the roundness with a simple and economical configuration and process.
[0019]
At that time, the backing jig is divided into a plurality of division jigs that are movable in the radial direction, and the buffer member can be integrally fitted to each concave portion formed in each division jig. Ru is configured in a ring shape. For this reason, the backing jig can be easily and quickly detached from the buffer member after the friction stir welding.
[0021]
Further , the first and second cylindrical members are friction stir welded along the abutting portion in a state where a pressing force is applied from a direction substantially orthogonal to the insertion direction of the probe. Thereby, the edge parts of the 1st and 2nd cylindrical members can be crimped | bonded reliably, and it becomes possible to join a butt | matching part with high quality.
[0022]
Furthermore , the first and second cylindrical members are set to have a thickness of 2 mm or less, and the friction stir welding can be performed satisfactorily even if they are thin cylindrical members.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of an aircraft gas turbine engine 12 incorporating a fan duct 10 in which a friction stir welding method according to a first embodiment of the present invention is implemented.
[0024]
The gas turbine engine 12 includes a fan 14. The fan 14 rotates at a high speed, sucks air from the outside, compresses the air, and pumps the air backward. A fan bypass passage 18 is formed in the vicinity of the fan 14 by the core duct 16 and the fan duct 10, and thrust is generated in the airframe (not shown) through the air jetted rearward through the fan bypass passage 18.
[0025]
The fan 14 constitutes a low-pressure compressor 20, and the air compressed by the low-pressure compressor 20 is sent to the high-pressure compressor 22 at the subsequent stage. The air compressed by the high-pressure compressor 22 is further sent to the combustion chamber 24 at the subsequent stage. The combustion chamber 24 includes a fuel nozzle 26, and fuel is pumped from the fuel nozzle 26 to the combustion chamber 24. In the combustion chamber 24, an air-fuel mixture obtained by mixing compressed air fed from the high-pressure compressor 22 and fuel sprayed from the fuel nozzle 26 is ignited and burned when the engine is started.
[0026]
When the air-fuel mixture burns, high-temperature high-pressure gas is generated, and this high-temperature high-pressure gas is sent to the high-pressure turbine 28 to rotate the high-pressure turbine 28 at high speed. The high-pressure turbine 28 rotates the rotor 14 a of the fan 14, while the high-temperature high-pressure gas is sent to the low-pressure turbine 30 after rotating the high-pressure turbine 28. The low pressure turbine 30 rotates the rotor 14 a and the fan 14 of the low pressure compressor 20.
[0027]
A starter generator 32 incorporating a starter and a generator is attached to an outer lower surface of the gas turbine engine 12 via an accessory gear box 34.
[0028]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the duct structure 40 constituting the fan duct 10. The duct structure 40 is a thin plate, for example, a body member (first cylindrical member) 42 obtained by forming an aluminum material having a thickness of 2 mm or less into a substantially cylindrical shape, and a thin plate-like aluminum material is formed into a substantially cylindrical shape. And flange members (second cylindrical members) 44 and 46. The first and second abutting portions 48 and 50 that abut the end portions 42a and 42b of the body member 42 and the end portions 44a and 46a of the flange members 44 and 46 are formed on the outer peripheral surfaces (one surface) 48a and 50a. Friction stir welding is performed, and the body member 42 and the flange members 44 and 46 are joined.
[0029]
FIG. 3 is a partially exploded perspective view of the friction stir welding apparatus 60 according to the first embodiment of the present invention for friction stir welding the duct structure 40 described above. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the friction stir welding apparatus 60. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged explanatory view of the friction stir welding apparatus 60. FIG.
[0030]
The friction stir welding apparatus 60 is provided with a base member 64 that is fixed to a rotary table 62 and is rotated, and that integrally holds the body member 42 and the flange members 44 and 46 that are temporarily joined together. A substantially disc-shaped support base 66 is fixed to the upper portion of the base member 64, and a support column 68 is erected at the center of the support base 66 so as to extend in the vertical direction (arrow A direction). A threaded portion 72 constituting the pressurizing mechanism 70 is formed at the tip of the column 68.
[0031]
The pressurizing mechanism 70 includes a pressurizing plate 74. The pressurizing plate 74 has a substantially disc shape and is formed with a hole 76 into which the support column 68 is inserted at the center. The pressure plate 74 applies pressure to the body member 42 and the flange members 44 and 46 disposed on the support base 66 from the direction of arrow A substantially perpendicular to the insertion direction (direction of arrow B) of the probe 144 (see FIG. 5) described later. It has the function to give.
[0032]
A pressing block 77 engages with the central portion of the pressing plate 74, and a nut member 78 screwed into the screw portion 72 presses the pressing plate 74 in the direction of arrow A through the pressing block 77. A suspension bolt 79 is screwed to the tip of the screw portion 72. In the pressure plate 74, a plurality of openings 80 and a plurality of openings 82 having a smaller diameter than the openings 80 are formed at equal angular intervals.
[0033]
The support base 66 is formed with a ring portion 86 that circulates around the support column 68 in the direction of arrow A. A first backing jig 88 is detachably provided on the outer periphery of the ring portion 86, and a second backing jig 92 is attached via a rod 90 fixed to the ring portion 86.
[0034]
The first backing jig 88 includes, for example, a plurality of, for example, four division jigs 94a to 94d made of an iron-based material, and has a substantially ring shape as a whole. The split jigs 94a to 94d are connected to actuators, for example, cylinders 96a to 96d, and configured to be able to advance and retract individually in the radial direction. The outer peripheral surface 88a of the first backing jig 88 is set in a perfect circle shape and corresponds to the inner peripheral surface (the other surface) 48b of the first abutting portion 48 between the body member 42 and the flange member 44. A concave portion 97 that circulates around is provided. A first buffer member 98 that is detached from the inner peripheral surface 48 b of the first abutting portion 48 after the friction stir welding is performed on the first abutting portion 48 is attached to the concave portion 97. The first buffer member 98 is made of, for example, an iron-based material or an aluminum ring material, and the thickness is set to the same dimension as the depth of the concave portion 97, for example, about 1 mm.
[0035]
Screw holes 100 are formed on the upper surface of the ring portion 86 at predetermined angular intervals, and screw portions 102 provided with rods 90 at one end are screwed into the screw holes 100. A screw hole 104 is formed at the other end portion of the rod 90, and the mounting plate 106 is fixed to the rod 90 by screwing a bolt 108 from the mounting plate 106 constituting the second backing jig 92. .
[0036]
The second backing jig 92 includes, for example, a plurality of division jigs formed of an iron-based material, for example, four division jigs 110a to 110d, and has a substantially ring shape as a whole. The dividing jigs 110a to 110d are connected to actuators, for example, cylinders 112a to 112d, and are configured to be able to advance and retract individually on the mounting plate 106 in the radial direction.
[0037]
The outer peripheral surface 92 a of the second backing jig 92 is configured as a perfect circle as a whole, and is formed on the inner peripheral surface (the other surface) 50 b of the second butted portion 50 between the body member 42 and the flange member 44. Corresponding concave portions 114 are provided. A second buffer member 116 that is detached from the inner peripheral surface 50 b of the second butting portion 50 after the friction stir welding is performed on the second butting portion 50 is attached to the concave portion 114. The second buffer member 116 is made of, for example, an iron-based material or an aluminum ring material, and the thickness is set to the same dimension as the depth of the concave portion 114, for example, approximately 1 mm.
[0038]
The outer peripheral surfaces 88a and 92a of the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92 need to maintain the duct structure 40 at the final design dimensions in consideration of the spring back of the duct structure 40. The maximum outer diameter of the outer peripheral surfaces 88a and 92a when the diameters of the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92 are increased is larger than the inner diameters of the first and second abutting portions 48 and 50 before heating. .
[0039]
A first clamping jig 117 that holds the first abutting portion 48 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface 48 a of the first abutting portion 48, and the second abutting portion is disposed on the outer peripheral surface 50 a of the second abutting portion 50. A second clamp jig 118 that holds 50 is disposed.
[0040]
As shown in FIG. 3, the 1st clamp jig | tool 117 shape | molds a square material in a ring shape, and comprises it in a belt shape. A screw hole 119 is formed on one end face of the first clamp jig 117, and a hole 120 is formed on the other end face. When the bolt 122 passes through the hole 120 and is screwed into the screw hole 119, the first clamp jig 117 is tightened on the outer peripheral surface 48 a of the first abutting portion 48 by reducing the radial dimension.
[0041]
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, a plurality of rods 126 are fixed to the outer peripheral edge portion of the support base 66 via bolts 124. Each rod 126 extends in the direction of arrow A, and a mounting plate 130 is provided via a bolt 128 that is screwed into its end. The mounting plate 130 is formed in a substantially ring shape, and the second clamp jig 118 is fixed to the mounting plate 130 via bolts 132. The second clamp jig 118 is configured in a substantially ring shape, and clamps and holds the outer peripheral surface 50 a of the second butting portion 50.
[0042]
As shown in FIG. 5, the joining machine 140 that joins the first butt 48 includes a rotary tool 142. At the tip of the rotary tool 142, a probe 144 that protrudes from the tip surface by a predetermined length is provided. In the probe 144, the length of the probe tip 114 a inserted into the first abutting portion 48 is set to be shorter than the thickness of the first abutting portion 48. In addition, the 2nd butting | matching part 50 may be joined by said joining machine 140, or you may perform joining operation | work using an individual joining machine.
[0043]
The operation of the friction stir welding apparatus 60 configured as described above will be described below along the flowchart shown in FIG. 6 in relation to the friction stir welding method according to the first embodiment.
[0044]
First, the barrel member 42 and the flange members 44 and 46 having a cylindrical shape are manufactured (step S1). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the friction stir welding (FSW) is performed along the abutting portion 42c formed by forming a thin plate-like aluminum material constituting the body member 42 into a substantially cylindrical shape and abutting both ends thereof. The butt portion 42c is joined. For this reason, the trunk | drum member 42 is obtained.
[0045]
Similarly, after the thin plate-shaped aluminum material which comprises the flange members 44 and 46 is shape | molded by the substantially cylindrical shape, each butt | matching parts 44c and 46c are joined by friction stir welding. Therefore, the flange members 44 and 46 are obtained.
[0046]
At the time of the friction stir welding described above, the probe (not shown) is arranged offset by a predetermined distance from the center of the cylindrical shape, and effectively prevents cutting of the joint surface.
[0047]
Next, in a state where the end portions 44a and 46a of the flange members 44 and 46 are butted against the end portions 42a and 42b of the body member 42, aluminum tape (see FIG. (Not shown) is pasted. For this reason, the flange members 44 and 46 are temporarily joined to both sides of the body member 42 (step S2). The temporarily joined body member 42 and flange members 44 and 46 are placed in a heating furnace (not shown) and heated to a predetermined temperature (step S3). The body member 42 and the flange members 44 and 46 heated to a predetermined temperature are set on the base member 64 (step S4).
[0048]
Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, on the support base 66 that constitutes the base member 64, the split jig 94 a that surrounds the ring portion 86 and constitutes the first backing jig 88. 94d is arranged in the radial inward direction. Accordingly, the first backing jig 88 has the outer peripheral surface 88a maintained at the minimum diameter, and the cylinders 96a to 96c are arranged in a state where the first buffer member 98 is disposed corresponding to the concave portion 97 of the outer peripheral surface 88a. 96d is driven. For this reason, the split jigs 94a to 94d move in the radially outward direction, the outer peripheral surface 88a of the first backing jig 88 expands, and the first buffer member 98 is pressed and held by the outer peripheral surface 88a.
[0049]
On the other hand, the screw portion 102 of the rod 90 is screwed into the screw hole 100 formed in the ring portion 86. A mounting plate 106 constituting a second backing jig 92 is disposed on the rod 90, and a bolt 108 is screwed into the screw hole 104 of the rod 90 through the hole of the mounting plate 106. Thus, the attachment plate 106 is fixed to each rod 90, and the split jigs 110a to 110d are arranged in the radial inward direction.
[0050]
In this state, the second buffer member 116 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface 92a of the second backing jig 92, and the cylinders 112a to 112d are driven to move the split jigs 110a to 110d in the radially outward direction. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface 92a is expanded in diameter, and the second buffer member 116 is pressed and held by the outer peripheral surface 92a.
[0051]
Therefore, the body member 42 and the flange members 44 and 46 heated to a predetermined temperature are mounted on the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92. In this case, the body member 42 and the flange members 44 and 46 are heated to a predetermined temperature, and the inner peripheral diameter is expanded by thermal expansion. Therefore, the first and second butting portions 48 and 50 of the body member 42 and the flange members 44 and 46 are the first and second buffer members 98 disposed in the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92, respectively. 116 is easily packaged.
[0052]
Furthermore, the inner peripheral diameter of the body member 42 and the flange members 44 and 46 contracts by being cooled, and the inner peripheral surfaces 48b and 50b of the first and second abutting portions 48 and 50 are the first and second back surfaces. It fits reliably in the state which contact | adhered to the outer peripheral surfaces 88a and 92a of the contact jigs 88 and 92, ie, the 1st and 2nd buffer members 98 and 116 (refer FIG. 5). The maximum outer diameters of the outer peripheral surfaces 88a and 92a of the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92 are larger than the inner diameters of the inner peripheral surfaces 48b and 50b of the first and second abutting portions 48 and 50 before heating. Because it is big.
[0053]
Here, the outer peripheral surfaces 88a and 92a of the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92 have a perfect circular shape, and the first and second fitting jigs 88 and 92 are fitted into the concave portions 97 and 114 of the outer peripheral surfaces 88a and 92a. In addition, the end portions 42a and 44a and the end portions 42b and 46a that are in close contact with the second buffer members 98 and 116 are regulated to have the same circumferential length and are maintained in a perfect circle shape.
[0054]
Next, after the pressure plate 74 is disposed on the second backing jig 92 and the pressing block 77 is externally mounted on the screw portion 72, the nut member 78 is screwed into the screw portion 72. As a result, the pressure plate 74 is pressurized via the pressing block 77, and the body member 42 and the flange members 44 and 46 are given a tightening load in the direction of arrow A. As a result, the first and second abutting portions 48 and 50 are pressed and held in a state where no gap is generated (step S5). And it progresses to step S6, the aluminum tape (not shown) affixed on the 1st and 2nd butt | matching parts 48 and 50 is removed, and the surface is wash | cleaned.
[0055]
Further, in step S7, the first clamp jig 117 is mounted. The first clamping jig 117 is configured in a belt shape, and circulates around the outer periphery of the body member 42 along the end portion 42a side. Therefore, by inserting the bolt 122 into the hole 120 and screwing the bolt 122 into the screw hole 119, the inner peripheral diameter of the first clamp jig 117 is reduced. Therefore, the first clamp jig 117 clamps and holds the outer peripheral surface of the body member 42.
[0056]
Next, the base member 64 is fixed to the rotary table 62 with screws (step S8). In this state, as shown in FIG. 7, the rotary tool 142 constituting the joining machine 140 moves toward the first abutting portion 48 (in the direction of arrow B) while rotating at a high speed. For this reason, in the probe 144 that rotates at high speed, the probe tip 144a is inserted into the first abutting portion 48, and the first abutting portion 48 is welded by frictional heat (see FIG. 8). At this time, the rotary table 62 is rotating, and the probe 144 that rotates at a high speed moves relatively along the first abutting portion 48, and a joining operation is performed over the entire circumference of the first abutting portion 48 ( Step S9).
[0057]
When the joining operation of the first abutting portion 48 is completed, the rotary table 62 is stopped and the joining machine 140 is separated from the first abutting portion 48. Further, the first clamp jig 117 is removed, and the second clamp jig 118 is attached (step S10). The first clamp jig 117 is detached from the body member 42 by increasing the inner diameter by removing the bolt 122 from the screw hole 119.
[0058]
On the other hand, a plurality of rods 126 are attached to the outer peripheral edge of the support base 66 via bolts 124, and a mounting plate 130 is attached to the tip of the rod 126 via bolts 128. A second clamp jig 118 is attached to the mounting plate 130 via bolts 132, and the second clamp jig 118 clamps and holds the outer peripheral surface of the body member 42 on the end 42 b side.
[0059]
In this state, as shown in FIG. 9, for example, the bonding machine 140 is disposed corresponding to the second butting portion 50, and the probe 144 rotates integrally with the rotary tool 142, while the probe tip 144 a of the probe 144 is rotated. Is inserted into the outer peripheral surface 50 a of the second butting portion 50. The second butting portion 50 rotates with respect to the bonding machine 140 under the rotating action of the rotary table 62, and friction stir welding is performed over the entire circumference of the second butting portion 50 (step S11).
[0060]
As described above, after the first and second abutting portions 48 and 50 are joined to obtain the duct structure 40 which is a joined product, the duct structure 40 is composed of the first and second backing jigs 88. , 92 are removed from the base member 64 (step S12). Specifically, the split jigs 94a to 94d constituting the first backing jig 88 move inward in the radial direction by driving the cylinders 96a to 96d, and the outer peripheral surface 88a is separated from the first buffer member 98 ( In FIG. 8, refer to a two-dot chain line). On the other hand, the split jigs 110 a to 110 d constituting the second backing jig 92 move inward in the radial direction under the action of the cylinders 112 a to 112 d, and the outer peripheral surface 92 a is separated from the second buffer member 116.
[0061]
Accordingly, the suspension bolt 79 and the nut member 78 are detached from the screw portion 72 to remove the pressing block 77, and the pressure plate 74 is removed from the support column 68. The duct structure 40 is taken out from the support base 66 in a state where the first and second buffer members 98 and 116 are held on the inner peripheral surface. Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the first and second buffer members 98, 116 are removed from the inner peripheral surface of the duct structure 40 (step S13).
[0062]
Thus, in the first embodiment, the concave portions 97 and 114 corresponding to the first and second abutting portions 48 and 50 are formed on the outer peripheral surfaces 88a and 92a of the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92, respectively. Are formed, and the first and second buffer members 98 and 116 are attached to the concave portions 97 and 114, respectively. Therefore, the outer circumferences of the first and second butting portions 48 and 50 are in a state where the first and second buffer members 98 and 116 are in close contact with the inner circumferential surfaces 48b and 50b of the first and second butting portions 48 and 50. Friction stir welding is performed on the surfaces 48a and 50a.
[0063]
At that time, the probe tip 144a of the probe 144 rotating at a high speed is inserted into the outer peripheral surfaces 48a and 50a of the first and second butting portions 48 and 50, and the probe tip 144a is inserted into the first and second buffer members 98 and 116. (See FIG. 8). Therefore, the first and second abutting portions 48 and 50 do not stick to the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92, and the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92 are formed of the duct structure. There is no risk of damage due to peeling from 40. Thereby, the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92 can be used repeatedly, and an effect of being economical is obtained.
[0064]
In addition, the first and second abutting portions 48 and 50 are not joined to the first and second buffer members 98 and 116, and the first and second buffer members 98 and 116 can be easily detached. Is done. Further, the duct structure 40 is free from residual distortion due to the separation of the first and second buffer members 98 and 116.
[0065]
In particular, the outer peripheral surfaces 88a and 92a of the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92 are configured in a perfect circle shape, and the inner peripheral surfaces 48b and 50b of the first and second abutting portions 48 and 50 are A perfect circular shape is maintained in close contact with the outer peripheral surfaces 88a and 92a. In addition, the inner circumferential length of each of the end portions 42a and 44a and the circumferential length of the end portions 42b and 46a are restricted to the same length.
[0066]
For this reason, even if it is the 1st and 2nd butting | matching parts 48 and 50 which are 2 mm or less in thickness and comparatively large diameter, a phase difference by a deformation | transformation, a wrinkle, etc. does not generate | occur | produce, The roundness of the second butting portions 48 and 50 can be maintained well, and the dimensional accuracy is improved. Thereby, the effect that the friction stir welding operation | work of the 1st and 2nd butt | matching parts 48 and 50 is efficiently performed by a simple and economical process is acquired.
[0067]
Further, the first and second butting portions 48 and 50 are fitted in close contact with the outer peripheral surfaces 88a and 92a of the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92 via the first and second buffer members 98 and 116, respectively. Match. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the first and second butting portions 48 and 50 from being displaced and to perform accurate positioning, and the friction stir welding process is efficiently performed. At that time, the first and second abutting portions 48 and 50 are fitted into the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92 in a state where the inner peripheral diameter is expanded by thermal expansion by being heated to a predetermined temperature. Match. Therefore, the first and second butted portions 48 and 50 can be easily and reliably brought into close contact with the outer peripheral surfaces 88a and 92a of the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92.
[0068]
Furthermore, the body member 42 and the flange members 44 and 46 are applied with pressure from a direction (arrow A direction) substantially perpendicular to the insertion direction (arrow B direction) of the probe 144 via the pressurizing mechanism 70. Accordingly, there is no gap between the first and second abutting portions 48 and 50, and the first and second abutting portions 48 and 50 can be reliably crimped, high-quality joining processing is performed, and the configuration of the pressurizing mechanism 70 is easy. Simplify.
[0069]
In the first embodiment described above, the inner peripheral diameter is increased by heating the barrel member 42 and the flange members 44 and 46 temporarily joined with an aluminum tape (not shown) to a predetermined temperature in a heating furnace. The diameter is attached to the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92, but is not limited thereto. For example, the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92 may be cooled to reduce the outer diameter of the first and second backing jigs 88 and 92.
[0070]
Moreover, although the division jigs 94a to 94d and 110a to 110d each divided into four are used, the number of divisions can be variously selected. Furthermore, a drive source such as an electromagnetic solenoid may be used instead of the cylinders 96a to 96d and 112a to 112d. Furthermore, the dividing jigs 94a to 94d (and / or the dividing jigs 110a to 110d) can be moved forward and backward integrally through a single drive source.
[0071]
FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view of the friction stir welding apparatus 160 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same referential mark is attached | subjected to the component same as the friction stir welding apparatus 60 which concerns on 1st Embodiment, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0072]
The friction stir welding apparatus 160 includes first and second backing jigs 162 and 164. The first backing jig 162 is, for example, a plurality of split jigs formed of an iron-based material, for example, four split jigs 94a to 94d, and disposed inside the split jigs 94a to 94d. And a first ring member 166 for expanding the diameter of the split jigs 94a to 94d. Similarly to the first backing jig 162, the second backing jig 164 is composed of, for example, a plurality of split jigs made of an iron-based material, for example, four split jigs 110a to 110d, and the split jig. And a second ring member 168 that is disposed inside the tools 110a to 110d and expands the diameter of the split jigs 110a to 110d.
[0073]
In the friction stir welding apparatus 160 configured as described above, in the state where the first buffer member 98 is disposed on the outer periphery of the split jigs 94a to 94d constituting the first backing jig 162, the split jigs 94a to 94a. The first ring member 166 is inserted inside 94d. As a result, the diameters of the split jigs 94a to 94d are expanded, and the first ring member 166 is tightly held on the outer periphery of the split jigs 94a to 94d. Similarly, when the second ring member 168 is inserted inside the split jigs 110a to 110d constituting the second backing jig 164, there is a second buffer member on the outer periphery of the split jigs 110a to 110d. 116 is held tightly.
[0074]
Therefore, the second embodiment has the advantages that the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained and the configuration is further simplified. A wedge member or the like may be used instead of the first and second ring members 166 and 168.
[0075]
【The invention's effect】
In the friction stir welding method and apparatus according to the present invention, the first and second buffer members are attached to the backing jig that holds the other surface of the butted portion in correspondence with the other surface of the butted portion. The cylindrical member does not stick to the backing jig when the friction stir welding is performed. Therefore, the backing jig is free from damage due to peeling from the first and second cylindrical members. Thereby, the backing jig can be used repeatedly, which is economical.
[0076]
Moreover, the first and second cylindrical members are not joined to the buffer member, and the separation process of the buffer member is easily performed. Even if the first and second cylindrical members are particularly thin, It is possible to effectively prevent the residual distortion from occurring.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of an aircraft gas turbine engine incorporating a fan duct in which a friction stir welding method according to a first embodiment of the present invention is implemented.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a duct structure constituting the fan duct.
FIG. 3 is a partially exploded perspective view of a friction stir welding apparatus that joins the duct structures.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory sectional view of the friction stir welding apparatus.
5 is a partially enlarged explanatory view of the friction stir welding apparatus shown in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the friction stir welding method.
FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory diagram when joining first abutting portions.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory cross-sectional view when joining the first abutting portion.
FIG. 9 is an operation explanatory diagram when joining a second butting portion.
FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory view for separating the buffer member from the first abutting portion.
FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view of a friction stir welding apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
12 is an explanatory view showing a method for joining aluminum members of Patent Document 1. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Fan duct 12 ... Gas turbine engine 14 ... Fan 40 ... Duct structure 42 ... Body member 44, 46 ... Flange part 44a, 46a ... End part 48, 50 ... Butt part 48a, 50a, 88a, 92a ... Outer peripheral surface 48b 50b, inner peripheral surface 60, 160, friction stir welding device 62, rotary table 64, base member 66, support base 68, support column 70, pressure mechanism 72, screw portion 74, pressure plate 77, pressure blocks 88, 92,. 162, 164 ... backing jig 90 ... rod 117, 118 ... clamp jig 130 ... mounting plate 140 ... bonding machine 144 ... probe 166, 168 ... ring member

Claims (10)

It has first and second cylindrical members made of a plate material having a thickness of 2 mm or less, and rotates on one surface of the butted portion where the end of the first cylindrical member and the end of the second cylindrical member are butted together A friction stir welding method for joining the butted parts by relatively moving the probe along the butted parts while pressing the probe to be performed,
Attaching a ring-shaped cushioning member to the backing jig for holding the other surface of the abutting portion, corresponding to the abutting portion;
In a state where the first and second cylindrical members are thermally expanded with respect to the backing jig, the first and second cylindrical members are mounted on the backing jig, and the first and second cylindrical members are further provided. said backing jig paired Shi and heat-shrunk, and in a state of being held with first and second cylindrical members to said backing jig, and inserting the probe from one surface of the butted portion, and Maintaining the tip of the probe at a position spaced from the buffer member and performing friction stir welding along the butted portion;
A friction stir welding method characterized by comprising: 2. The friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein after the friction stir welding is performed, only the backing jig is detached from the butted portion in a state where the buffer member is pressure-bonded to the other surface of the butted portion. A process of
Detaching the buffer member from the other surface of the butting portion;
A friction stir welding method characterized by comprising:   3. The friction stir welding method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ends of the first and second cylindrical members are brought into contact with each other by bringing the other surface of the abutting portion into close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the backing jig. Friction stir welding method characterized by regulating to the same length. 4. The friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein the backing jig has a perfectly circular outer peripheral surface and is divided into a plurality of pieces and is movable in a radial direction. With
The split jig is provided with a concave portion that circulates corresponding to the other surface of the abutting portion, and the ring-shaped cushioning member is integrally attached to the concave portion, and The friction stir welding method, wherein the ends of the first and second cylindrical members that are in close contact with the outer peripheral surface are restricted to the same circumferential length.   5. The friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein the first and second cylindrical members are substantially orthogonal to an insertion direction of the probe and a butting direction of the first and second cylindrical members. The friction stir welding method is characterized in that the friction stir welding is performed along the abutting portion in a state in which a pressing force is applied. It has first and second cylindrical members made of a plate material having a thickness of 2 mm or less, and rotates on one surface of the butted portion where the end of the first cylindrical member and the end of the second cylindrical member are butted together A friction stir welding apparatus that joins the abutting portion by relatively moving the probe along the abutting portion while pressing the probe to be performed,
The first and second cylindrical members are arranged to hold the other surface of the abutting portion, and include a backing jig that is detached from the other surface of the abutting portion after the friction stir welding is performed.
The backing jig is provided with a concave portion corresponding to the other surface of the butted portion,
After the friction stir welding is performed, the concave portion is attached with a ring-shaped buffer member that is detached from the other surface of the butt portion,
In a state where the first and second cylindrical member was thermally expanded to said backing jig, to so that is outer to the first and second cylindrical members to said backing jig, the backing jig outer diameter of use, is set larger than the inner diameter of said first and second cylindrical members before heating the friction stir welding apparatus according to claim Rukoto.   7. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the ends of the first and second cylindrical members are the same by disposing the other surface of the abutting portion in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the backing jig. The friction stir welding apparatus is characterized in that the length of the friction stir welding apparatus is restricted.   8. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the backing jig has a perfectly circular outer peripheral surface, and the first and second cylindrical members are fitted in close contact with the outer peripheral surface. The friction stir welding apparatus is characterized in that the ends of each are regulated to the same circumferential length. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the backing jig includes a dividing jig that is divided into a plurality of pieces and is movable in a radial direction.
The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the buffer member is configured in a ring shape that can be integrally fitted to each concave portion formed in each split jig.   10. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the first and second cylindrical members are substantially perpendicular to an insertion direction of the probe and a butting direction of the first and second cylindrical members. A friction stir welding apparatus comprising a pressurizing mechanism for applying a pressure from

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