JP3813560B2 - Composition for crushing - Google Patents
Composition for crushing Download PDFInfo
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- JP3813560B2 JP3813560B2 JP2002266547A JP2002266547A JP3813560B2 JP 3813560 B2 JP3813560 B2 JP 3813560B2 JP 2002266547 A JP2002266547 A JP 2002266547A JP 2002266547 A JP2002266547 A JP 2002266547A JP 3813560 B2 JP3813560 B2 JP 3813560B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- crushing
- composition
- weight
- powder
- gas generating
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Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、岩石やコンクリート建造物等を破砕できる破砕用組成物に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、テルミット反応を利用する破砕用組成物が提供されており、例えば、酸化剤として酸化第二銅又は酸化ボロン、還元剤としてアルミニウム又はマグネシウムの粉末金属、反応ガス発生剤としてカリ明礬又は過硫酸アンモニウムとで構成されるもの（特許文献１参照）などが提供されているが、水和物の比熱容量は水（4.2kJ/kg・K）に近いことから比較的加熱し難く着火が不安定であったため、熱源に対する気体発生剤の割合を余り大きくすることができず、熱源の割合に比例した破砕力を得難いということがあった。
【０００３】
また、上記従来のいずれの破砕用組成物においても、発生する高圧水蒸気の膨張圧力の制御は難しく、高圧水蒸気の膨張速度が速くなり破砕音が大きくなるという問題があった。 特に近年、人口が密集する都市近郊や都市内での破砕作業は、騒音が嫌われ、無音に限りなく近い破砕組成物が望まれていた。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特許第２７０２７１６号公報（特許請求の範囲）
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで、本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたものであり、少ない熱源でも破砕力に優れ、破砕音が抑制される破砕用組成物を提供することを課題とする。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、上記課題を解決するため、プラスチック粉に水和物を添加したものを気体発生剤として用いることにより、破砕音を制御できることを見出し本発明を完成した。
すなわち、本発明は、金属酸化物からなる酸化剤と、粉状金属からなる還元剤と、プラスチック粉を主剤としてこれに水和物を添加してなる気体発生剤とからなり、酸化剤と還元剤とからなる熱源の反応熱で気体発生剤を燃焼させることで高圧ガスを得、被破砕物を破砕することを特徴とする破砕用組成物を要旨とする。
金属酸化物としてＦｅ２Ｏ３、粉状金属としてＡｌを例にとり、テルミット反応による反応熱の発生を示せば次のようになる。
Ｆｅ２Ｏ３＋２Ａｌ→Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋２Ｆｅ＋Ｑ（発熱量）
本発明によれば、プラスチック粉に水和物を添加したものを気体発生剤として用いることにより、破砕音を抑制できる。この発明において、より効果的に破砕音を抑制するには、水和物の添加量をプラスチック粉の重量に対して１０〜５０重量部の割合にすることが好ましい。また、この発明において、プラスチック粉は、ＰＥＴ又はＰＯＭが好ましい。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
酸化剤の金属酸化物は、酸化鉄、酸化銅などを用いることができ、またこれらを併用しても良い。
【０００８】
還元剤は、粉状金属が用いられ、具体的には粉末状アルミニウム又は粉末状マグネシウムなどを挙げることができ、これらを併用してもよい。
【０００９】
気体発生剤のプラスチック粉は、プラスチックの比熱容量が水よりかなり低いため（最低の三フッ化樹脂で0.92kJ/kg・Kで最高のポリエチレンで2.3kJ/kg・K）、紛状のプラスチックであれば特に限定されることなく用いることができる。プラスチックの中でも飲料容器の廃棄物処理の観点からＰＥＴが好ましい。また、比熱容量が小さいプラスチックが好ましく、ＰＯＭ（1.47kJ/kg・K、以下単位は同一）、ＡＢＳ（1.60）、ポリカーボネート（1.26）、ポリフェニレンスルフィド（1.05）、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン（1.34）、ポリエーテルスルフォン（1.09）等を挙げることができ、更にＰＯＭのように比熱容量が小さい上融点が低いものがより好ましい。また、複数のプラスチックを併用しても良い。プラスチックと併用することができる水和物は、水分子が他の化合物に付加して生じた分子化合物であれば特に限定されず、例えばカリウム明礬・１２水和物、硫酸アルミニウム・１８水和物、硫酸鉄・７水和物、メタケイ酸バリウムなどを挙げることができる。
【００１０】
本発明の破砕用組成物における気体発生剤の割合は、酸化剤と還元剤とからなる熱源の合計重量に対して、１００〜４００重量部が好ましい。上限を超えると、着火が不安定となり、破砕力が低下する虞があるからである。下限を下回ると、やはり破砕力が低下する虞があるからである。
【００１１】
プラスチック粉に添加する水和物の量は、プラスチック粉の重量に対して１０〜５０重量部の割合が好ましい。５０重量部を超えると、高圧ガスの膨張速度の制御が難しくなり、破砕音の抑制を十分に行えなくなる虞があるからである。
【００１２】
【実施例】
次いで、本発明を実施例を挙げて説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
【００１３】
酸化鉄（Ｆｅ２Ｏ３）７５重量部、粉状アルミニウム２５重量部の合計量１００重量部の熱源と、粉状ＰＯＭと粉状ＰＯＭの重量に対して１０重量部の割合のカリウム明礬・１２水和物とからなる気体発生剤を熱源の重量に対して１２０重量部の割合で粉体混合し、破砕用組成物を得た。
この破砕用組成物１５０ｇを穿孔径３２ｍｍφ、穿孔長さ１．２ｍの条件で２．８ｍ３の硬質砂岩転石へ充填し、モリブデン線からなる高融点電熱線で加熱した。その結果、ＰＯＭの高圧ガスが発生し、転石は２分割され破砕が完了した。なお、破砕に際し、破砕音は無音に限りなく近く十分に抑制されていた。
【００１４】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、上記のように構成されるため、以下の効果を奏する。
本発明の破砕用組成物は、プラスチック粉に水和物を添加したものを気体発生剤として用いることにより、破砕音を無音に限りなく近く抑制できるので、人口が密集する都市近郊や都市内での破砕作業を騒音を気にすることなく行うことができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a composition for crushing that can crush rocks, concrete structures, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, compositions for crushing utilizing a thermite reaction have been provided. For example, cupric oxide or boron oxide as an oxidizing agent, powder metal of aluminum or magnesium as a reducing agent, potassium alum or ammonium persulfate as a reaction gas generating agent. Although the specific heat capacity of hydrate is close to water (4.2kJ / kg · K), it is relatively difficult to heat and ignition is unstable. Therefore, the ratio of the gas generating agent to the heat source could not be increased so much that it was difficult to obtain a crushing force proportional to the ratio of the heat source.
[0003]
Moreover, in any of the above conventional crushing compositions, it is difficult to control the expansion pressure of the high-pressure steam generated, and there is a problem that the expansion speed of the high-pressure steam is increased and the crushing sound is increased. Particularly in recent years, crushing operations in suburban areas and cities where population is dense have been disliked by noise, and a crushing composition that is almost as silent as possible has been desired.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 2702716 (Claims)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Then, this invention is made | formed in order to solve the said subject, and makes it a subject to provide the composition for crushing which is excellent in crushing force with few heat sources, and crushing sound is suppressed.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has found that the crushing sound can be controlled by using a powder obtained by adding hydrate to plastic powder as a gas generating agent, and has completed the present invention.
That is, the present invention comprises an oxidizing agent comprising a metal oxide, a reducing agent comprising a powdered metal, and a gas generating agent comprising a plastic powder as a main ingredient and a hydrate added thereto. The gist of the present invention is a composition for crushing, characterized in that a gas generating agent is burned with reaction heat of a heat source composed of an agent to obtain a high-pressure gas and crush the object to be crushed.
Taking Fe 2 O 3 as the metal oxide and Al as the powder metal as an example, the generation of reaction heat due to the thermite reaction is shown as follows.
Fe 2 O 3 + 2Al → Al 2 O 3 + 2Fe + Q (calorific value)
According to the present invention, crushing noise can be suppressed by using a plastic powder obtained by adding a hydrate as a gas generating agent. In this invention, in order to suppress crushing sound more effectively, it is preferable that the amount of hydrate added is 10 to 50 parts by weight with respect to the weight of the plastic powder. In the present invention, the plastic powder is preferably PET or POM.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As the metal oxide of the oxidant, iron oxide, copper oxide or the like can be used, or these may be used in combination.
[0008]
As the reducing agent, a powdered metal is used, and specific examples thereof include powdered aluminum or powdered magnesium, and these may be used in combination.
[0009]
Because the specific heat capacity of plastic is much lower than that of water (0.92 kJ / kg · K for the lowest trifluoride resin and 2.3 kJ / kg · K for the highest polyethylene), it is a powdery plastic. If there is, it can use without being specifically limited. Among plastics, PET is preferable from the viewpoint of waste disposal of beverage containers. Also, a plastic with a small specific heat capacity is preferable. POM (1.47 kJ / kg · K, the following units are the same), ABS (1.60), polycarbonate (1.26), polyphenylene sulfide (1.05), polyetheretherketone (1.34), poly Examples thereof include ether sulfone (1.09), and those having a small specific heat capacity and a low upper melting point such as POM are more preferable. A plurality of plastics may be used in combination. Hydrates that can be used in combination with plastics are not particularly limited as long as they are molecular compounds formed by adding water molecules to other compounds. For example, potassium alum 12 hydrate, aluminum sulfate 18 hydrate , Iron sulfate heptahydrate, barium metasilicate, and the like.
[0010]
The ratio of the gas generating agent in the crushing composition of the present invention is preferably 100 to 400 parts by weight with respect to the total weight of the heat source composed of the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent. If the upper limit is exceeded, the ignition becomes unstable and the crushing force may be reduced. This is because if the lower limit is not reached, the crushing force may decrease.
[0011]
The amount of hydrate added to the plastic powder is preferably 10 to 50 parts by weight with respect to the weight of the plastic powder. If the amount exceeds 50 parts by weight, it is difficult to control the expansion speed of the high-pressure gas, and the crushing noise may not be sufficiently suppressed.
[0012]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated, this invention is not limited to a following example.
[0013]
A heat source of 75 parts by weight of iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) and 25 parts by weight of powdered aluminum, a total amount of 100 parts by weight, and potassium alum in a ratio of 10 parts by weight with respect to the weight of powdered POM and powdered POM. A gas generating agent composed of hydrate was powder-mixed at a ratio of 120 parts by weight with respect to the weight of the heat source to obtain a composition for crushing.
150 g of this composition for crushing was filled into a 2.8 m 3 hard sandstone boulder under conditions of a drilling diameter of 32 mmφ and a drilling length of 1.2 m, and heated with a high melting point heating wire made of molybdenum wire. As a result, high-pressure gas of POM was generated, and the crushing stone was divided into two to complete crushing. During crushing, the crushing sound was not limited to silence and was sufficiently suppressed.
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
Since this invention is comprised as mentioned above, there exist the following effects.
The composition for crushing of the present invention can suppress crushing sound as much as possible by using a plastic powder with a hydrate added as a gas generating agent. Crushing work can be performed without worrying about noise.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002266547A JP3813560B2 (en) | 2002-09-12 | 2002-09-12 | Composition for crushing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002266547A JP3813560B2 (en) | 2002-09-12 | 2002-09-12 | Composition for crushing |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2004099403A JP2004099403A (en) | 2004-04-02 |
| JP3813560B2 true JP3813560B2 (en) | 2006-08-23 |
Family
ID=32265337
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002266547A Expired - Fee Related JP3813560B2 (en) | 2002-09-12 | 2002-09-12 | Composition for crushing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3813560B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007075750A (en) * | 2005-09-15 | 2007-03-29 | Kawai Sekkai Kogyo Kk | Crushing tool and crushing method of to-be-crushed material |
| JP5805565B2 (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2015-11-04 | カヤク・ジャパン株式会社 | Non-explosive gas generating composition |
| EP2899834B1 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2021-02-24 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd | Charge state calculation device and charge state calculation method |
| JP2018177603A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2018-11-15 | 旭化成株式会社 | Gas generating composition with low thermal decomposition start temperature |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS515442B2 (en) * | 1971-12-18 | 1976-02-20 | ||
| JP2702716B2 (en) * | 1987-06-22 | 1998-01-26 | 日本工機株式会社 | Crushing composition |
| JPH02204384A (en) * | 1989-01-30 | 1990-08-14 | Taisei Corp | Breaking chemical |
| DE4423088A1 (en) * | 1994-07-01 | 1996-01-04 | Temic Bayern Chem Airbag Gmbh | Gas-generating, acid-free mixture of substances |
| JP2965193B2 (en) * | 1994-12-19 | 1999-10-18 | 日本工機株式会社 | Non-explosive crushing composition |
| JP3586356B2 (en) * | 1997-04-15 | 2004-11-10 | 日興技化株式会社 | Crushed composition |
-
2002
- 2002-09-12 JP JP2002266547A patent/JP3813560B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2004099403A (en) | 2004-04-02 |
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