JP3812529B2 - Manual transmission for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manual transmission that can be easily installed in an engine room. <P>SOLUTION: The manual transmission connects a motor 19 for synchro to the input shaft of a gear type transmission mechanism 10 that is composed by connecting an input shaft 11 directly coupled to an output shaft 1a in an engine 1 and an output shaft 12c for transmitting drive force to a drive wheel 3 via engaging gears 15a, 15b, 16a, 16b for each transmission stage. In gear engagement by the same motor, the peripheral speed of the engaging gears 15a, 16a at the side of the input shaft is synchronized with that of the engaging gears 15b, 16b at the side of the output shaft. At the same time, the engine is started until the engaging gears 15a, 16a engage with the engaging gears 15b, 16b, thus allowing the motor for synchro to share the starter motor of the engine. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a manual transmission device for a vehicle that synchronizes meshing gears of gears with a motor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An automobile (vehicle) is equipped with a transmission so that traveling can be performed by effectively using limited engine power.
[0003]
Among such transmissions, the manual transmission has a structure in which when the shift lever is operated, the meshing gear of the speed increasing or decelerating speed designated by the operation is selected and meshed.
[0004]
By the way, in order to change to a meshing gear having a different gear ratio, the peripheral speed of the gear is different. Therefore, it is required to synchronize the peripheral speed of the gear every time the gear is changed. Therefore, the manual transmission normally employs a synchronizer mechanism that synchronizes the peripheral speeds of the two.
[0005]
However, the friction-type synchro structure is structurally complicated and frequently consumed.
[0006]
Therefore, a technique for synchronizing the peripheral speed of a gear using a motor has been proposed for a manual transmission. Specifically, there is a technique in which a counter shaft is provided with a motor and the counter shaft is rotated by the motor to synchronize the peripheral speeds of gears having different gear ratios (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-22864
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
If such a structure in which a motor is provided is employed, the manual transmission device tends to be large. In particular, the manual transmission is difficult to install because it is installed together with the engine in a restricted engine room of the automobile.
[0009]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a manual transmission that facilitates installation in an engine room by utilizing a motor to be synchronized to simplify the structure on the engine side.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 is directed to an input shaft directly connected to the output shaft of the engine and a driving force to the wheels via a pair of meshing gears that can be connected / disengaged according to each gear. Of the gear-type speed change mechanism that is connected to the output shaft to transmit, the first motor is connected to the input shaft, and when the meshing gear meshes with the input shaft, the peripheral speed of the meshing gear on the input shaft side Employs a control that synchronizes with the peripheral speed of the meshing gear on the output shaft side, so that the engine is started before the meshing gear on the input shaft side meshes with the meshing gear on the output shaft side. .
[0011]
As a result, the first motor that controls the peripheral speed of the gear also serves as the starter motor of the engine. Therefore, the engine does not require a starter motor, the engine structure is simplified, and the manual transmission is easily accommodated in the engine room.
[0012]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above object, the output shaft is provided with a second motor for rotating the output shaft so that the start can be smoothly performed. From the position, control for operating the second motor is performed.
[0013]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-described object, the control means further includes a first control unit that completes the start of the vehicle and the first meshing gear so as to smoothly shift from the motor start to the engine running. The function to stop the operation of 2 motors and shift to running by the engine was set.
[0014]
In addition to the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 4 sets the function of stopping the engine operation by setting the gear-type transmission mechanism to the neutral position when the vehicle stops, so that the idle stop can be performed. did.
[0015]
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-described object, the control means further includes a gear that is instructed by the speed change lever at the time of gear shifting while the engine is running so that gear shifting can be performed without a sense of incongruity. A function was set to operate the second motor so as to compensate for the torque drop on the output shaft side when in a neutral state until it meshes with a large gear.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in FIGS.
[0017]
FIG. 1 shows a power transmission system of an automobile (vehicle). In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an engine, for example, a reciprocating engine having a plurality of cylinders, 2 denotes a manual transmission connected to the output portion of the engine 1, and 3 denotes driving wheels (corresponding to wheels) of an automobile. When the manual transmission device 2 is shown, 10 is a gear-type transmission mechanism. The gear type speed change mechanism 10 uses, for example, a selective sliding type structure with two forward speeds (first speed, second speed). That is, 11 is an input shaft, and 12 is an output shaft arranged in parallel with the input 11. The input shaft 11 is directly connected to the rear end of the crankshaft 1 a serving as the output shaft of the engine 1. The output shaft 12 is arranged in parallel along the axial direction of the input shaft 11. Drive wheels 3 are connected to the output shaft 12 via a differential 13. The input shaft 11 and the output shaft 12 are provided with gears having a predetermined gear ratio, for example, a pair of meshing gears 15a, 15b having a first gear ratio and a pair of meshing gears 16a, 16b having a second gear ratio. Are provided in parallel. For example, the meshing gears 15 a and 16 a of the input shaft 11 arranged at a predetermined interval are attached to a common sleeve cylinder 11 a that is spline-fitted to the outer periphery of the input shaft 11. By this attachment, the meshing gears 15a and 16a are assembled to the input shaft 11 so as to be slidable in the axial direction. Further, the meshing gears 15b, 16b of the output shaft 12 are provided at intervals wider than the meshing gears 15a, 16a, for example, at both ends of the output shaft 12. When the second gear meshing gears 16a and 16b are disengaged and the second gear meshing gears 16a and 16b are meshed, the first gear meshing gears 15a and 15b are disengaged.
[0018]
In the vicinity of the input shaft 11, a drive mechanism for moving the sleeve cylinder 11 a along the axial direction of the input put shaft 11, for example, a motor-type drive unit 17 (corresponding to a selection unit) is provided. By this movement of the sleeve cylinder 11a, each gear is selected, that is, the meshing gear 15a is moved to a point where it meshes with the meshing gear 15b, or the meshing gear 16a is moved to a point until it meshes with the meshing gear 16b. Or move to a neutral point where there is no engagement between the two.
[0019]
The input shaft 11 is provided with, for example, a synchro motor 19 (corresponding to a first motor) at its end. The input motor 11 is rotated by the synchro motor 19. By this synchro motor 19, through the input shaft 11, the meshing gears 15 a and 16 a of the input shaft 11 are given a rotation necessary for synchronization with the counterpart gear and a driving force necessary for starting the engine 1 is given. I have to.
[0020]
The output shaft 12 is provided with a starting motor 20 (corresponding to a second motor) that rotates the output shaft 12.
[0021]
On the other hand, 21 is an ECU (corresponding to a control means). The ECU 21 has a microcomputer, for example. The ECU 21 outputs, for example, a gate-type shift lever device 22 that outputs a shift stage signal indicated by the shift lever 24 operated by the driver (the first speed (1), 2 by the lever operation of the shift lever 24 in the gate 23). Speed (2), neutral (N), reverse (R) to give a shift instruction), an accelerator sensor 26 for detecting the opening degree of the accelerator pedal 25, and a brake sensor 28 for detecting whether or not the brake pedal 27 is operated. A vehicle speed sensor 29 for detecting the vehicle speed of the automobile, a first rotation speed sensor 30 for detecting the rotation speed of the input shaft 11, and a second rotation speed sensor 31 for detecting the rotation speed of the output shaft 12 are connected. The ECU 21 is set with the following functions. That is,
* When starting (for example, when the shift lever 24 is at the first speed (or R), the vehicle speed is zero, and the accelerator pedal 25 is operated), the gear-type speed change mechanism 10 starts the starter motor 20 from the neutral position. The function to start by operating.
[0022]
* Immediately after the start, the drive unit 17 operates to move the meshing gear 15a to the meshing position of the meshing gear 15b (first gear) instructed to shift, and the sync motor 19 operates to rotate each rotation speed. The meshing gear 15a is rotated according to the synchro target rotational speed obtained by calculation using a detection signal from the sensors 32, 33, a peripheral speed ratio according to a preset gear ratio of the gear position, and the meshing is performed. A function of meshing the gears 15a and 15b while synchronizing their peripheral speeds. At the same time, the function of starting the engine 1 with the driving force transmitted from the input shaft 11 to the crankshaft 1a.
[0023]
* A function of stopping the energization of the starting motor 20 after the end of the first speed shift (the first shift) and shifting to the engine running using the engine 1 as power.
[0024]
* When the speed is increased from the 1st speed to the 2nd speed (or when the speed is decreased from the 2nd speed to the 1st speed), the meshing gear 16a (meshing gear 15a) is moved to the meshing position of the meshing gear 16b (or the meshing gear 15b). ) And the meshing gear 16a (meshing gear 15a) is rotated so that its peripheral speed is synchronized with the circumferential speed of the meshing gear 16b (meshing gear 15b). A function of meshing 16b (first gear meshing gears 15a and 15b). Figures in parentheses are for deceleration from 2nd gear to 1st gear.
[0025]
* Output shaft generated in a neutral state until the meshing gears instructed by the gearshift lever 24 are engaged at the time of shifting (increasing / decelerating) while the engine is running A function that compensates for a decrease in torque on the 12 side by the operation of the starting motor 20.
[0026]
* When stopping, for example, when the engine 1 is reduced to a predetermined low speed or the vehicle is reduced to a predetermined low vehicle speed, the drive unit 17 is operated to shift the output shaft 12 to the neutral position. Further, a function of stopping the engine 1 when the stop state is confirmed, for example, when the brake pedal 27 is depressed and the vehicle speed is zero and the shift lever 24 is in the neutral position.
[0027]
* A function of reversing the vehicle by reversing the starting motor 20 while the gear-type speed change mechanism 10 maintains the neutral state at the time of reverse.
[0028]
The operation of the manual transmission 2 having these functions will be described. When the automobile is stopped, the gear-type transmission mechanism 10 has the first-speed meshing gears 15a and 15b and the second-speed meshing gear as shown in FIG. Waiting at the neutral position where 16a and 16b are separated. At this time, it is assumed that the engine 1 is stopped.
[0029]
Here, when the driver operates the shift lever 24 from the neutral position (N) to the first speed (1) position and depresses the accelerator pedal 25 in order to start the vehicle, the starting motor 20 is activated. Start the car.
[0030]
While the vehicle speed at this time is increasing, the meshing gear 15a is controlled to a peripheral speed synchronized with the meshing gear 15b by the operation of the synchro motor 19. At the same time, the operation of the drive unit 17 leads to the meshing position of the meshing gear 15b. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the meshing gear 15a on the input shaft 11 side and the meshing gear 15b on the output shaft 12 side mesh with each other while being synchronized. As a result, a first speed shift is performed. At this time, the engine 1 is started by the driving force of the synchronization motor 19.
[0031]
After the completion of the first speed shift, the starting motor 20 stops and switches to the first speed running by the engine operation using the engine 1 as power.
[0032]
Thereafter, when the driver performs a speed change operation (increase) to the second speed, the driving unit 17 operates to disengage the meshing gear 15a from the meshing gear 15b, and the second gear meshing gear 16a is changed to the second gear meshing gear 16b. Lead to. Further, by the operation of the synchro motor 19, the second gear meshing gear 16a is driven at a peripheral speed ratio corresponding to the gear ratio of the second gear. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the second-speed meshing gear 16a and the meshing gear 16b mesh with each other while being synchronized. Further, during the neutral state from the start of shifting to the meshing of the meshing gears 16a and 16b, the starting motor 20 operates to compensate for the torque drop caused by the disengagement of the meshing gears 15a and 15b.
[0033]
Such a shift operation is performed in the same manner when a shift operation (deceleration) is performed from the second speed to the first speed.
[0034]
Subsequently, it is assumed that the driver performs a brake operation until the vehicle stops. Then, for example, when the vehicle speed or the engine speed is reduced to a predetermined value, the drive unit 17 is operated, and the currently engaged gear is removed and positioned to the neutral position. Subsequently, when the vehicle speed is zero and the shift lever 24 is operated to the neutral position while the brake pedal 27 is depressed, the operation of the engine 1 is stopped. That is, idling stop of the engine 1 is performed during the stop. This idling stop continues until the start operation described above is started.
[0035]
If the speed change lever 24 is operated in reverse, the starting motor 20 operates in the reverse direction while the gear type speed change mechanism 10 remains in the neutral state as shown in FIG.
[0036]
With the structure in which the sync motor 19 is provided on the input shaft 11 connected to the engine 1 in this way, the sync motor 19 not only synchronizes the peripheral speeds of the meshing gears 15a, 15b, 16a, 16b, but also starts the engine 1. It also serves as a starter to let you.
[0037]
Therefore, the engine 1 does not require a starter motor, the main body of the engine 1 is simplified, and the power unit formed by the engine 1 and the manual transmission 2 can be miniaturized. Therefore, the motor-synchronized manual transmission 2 can be easily accommodated in the restricted engine room of the automobile.
[0038]
In addition, the structure in which the engine 1 is started with the power of the starting motor 20 from a state where the power transmission of the engine 1 is cut off can smoothly start the engine 1 without imposing a burden.
[0039]
In addition, when the start and the engagement of the first meshing gear are completed, the start motor 20 is stopped and shifted to the travel by the power of the engine 1, so that the transition from the motor start to the engine travel is smoothly performed. be able to.
[0040]
Further, when the vehicle stops, the gear type speed change mechanism 10 is set to the neutral position and the engine 1 is stopped, so that the idle stop can be easily performed.
[0041]
Furthermore, since the torque is compensated for by the operation of the starting motor 20 during the shifting of the engine while the engine is running, the shifting proceeds without a sense of incongruity, and good driving of the vehicle can be ensured.
[0042]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in one embodiment, a two-speed transmission has been described. However, the present invention may be applied to a transmission having more gears. In one embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to a selective sliding transmission mechanism has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention may be applied to a transmission using a constant mesh transmission mechanism. .
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the first motor that controls the peripheral speed of the gear also serves as the starter motor of the engine, so that the engine does not require a starter motor.
[0044]
Therefore, the size of the power unit formed by the engine and the manual transmission can be reduced, and the manual transmission can be easily accommodated in the engine room.
[0045]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is an effect that it is possible to start the vehicle smoothly without imposing a burden on the engine.
[0046]
According to the invention of claim 3, there is an effect that it is possible to more smoothly switch from motor start to engine run.
[0047]
According to the invention of claim 4, there is an effect that the idle stop can be controlled more easily.
[0048]
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to compensate for torque loss at the time of shifting while the engine is running, so that it is possible to advance the shifting without a sense of incongruity.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a vehicle manual transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a state in which the apparatus is shifted to a first speed.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the gear is shifted to the second speed.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Engine 1a ... Crankshaft (output shaft)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Gear type transmission mechanism 11 ... Input shaft 12 ... Output shaft 15a, 15b, 16a, 16b ... Meshing gear 17 ... Drive unit (selection means)
19 ... Synchro motor (first motor)
20 ... Starting motor (second motor)
21 ... ECU (control means).

Claims (5)

A gear-type transmission mechanism configured by connecting an input shaft directly connected to the output shaft of the engine and an output shaft for transmitting driving force to the wheels via a pair of meshing gears that can be connected / disengaged according to gears. ,
Selection means for selecting and meshing the meshing gear of the gear stage instructed by the transmission lever;
A first motor coupled to the input shaft for rotating the input shaft;
When meshing of the meshing gears, and a control means for actuating said first motor so as to synchronize with the peripheral speed of the meshing gears of the peripheral speed there out output shaft side of the input shaft side of the meshing gears,
When the meshing gear on the input shaft side is synchronized with the meshing gear on the output shaft side, the engine is started with a driving force transmitted through the input shaft. Manual transmission. The output shaft is provided with a second motor for rotating the output shaft,
The control means further has a function of starting the vehicle by operating the second motor from a neutral position of the gear-type transmission mechanism when a start instruction is received. A manual transmission for a vehicle according to 1. The control means further has a function of stopping the operation of the second motor and shifting to running by the engine when the vehicle starts and the first meshing gear meshes. The manual transmission device for a vehicle according to claim 2. 4. The control means according to claim 2, further comprising a function for stopping the operation of the engine by setting the gear-type transmission mechanism to a neutral position when the vehicle stops. Vehicle manual transmission. The control means further compensates for a decrease in torque on the output shaft side in a neutral state until the meshing gear instructed by the gearshift lever meshes with the mating gearing gear during gear shifting by the engine. The vehicle manual transmission according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a function for operating the second motor is set as described above.

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