JP3807811B2 - Expansion / contraction shield machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an expansion / contraction shield machine capable of changing a tunnel width for excavation, and more particularly, to a sealing device for a body portion to be expanded / contracted.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, when constructing an underpass for entrances and exits such as ramps and platforms where roads and tracks branch and merge, it is necessary to excavate while gradually expanding or reducing the width of the tunnel. However, there is no conventional shield machine that can gradually change the tunnel width during excavation in this way, use multiple shield machines to drill a wide tunnel and use only the necessary space Was.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in order to excavate a wide tunnel, there is a problem that the economic cost is high, a long working time is required, and there is a lot of waste.
[0004]
Therefore, the present inventors have proposed an expansion / contraction type shield machine that slides the trunk portion to increase or decrease the width.
By the way, in a conventional shield machine that does not expand or contract, a slide or a swivel sliding part may be provided partially, but these have a small seal area on average, and earth pressure and water pressure received from the outside are relatively small. However, when the divided body part is slid, the slide area is large and the pressure of earth and sand or muddy water is high.
[0005]
Invention of Claim 1 among this invention solves the said problem, and provides the expansion-contraction type shield machine which has the sealing device excellent in the sealing performance in the sliding contact part which expands / contracts a some trunk | drum. Objective.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a cutter head driven by a cutter driving device is provided at a front portion of a shield body, and the shield body is provided with a fixed body portion and the fixed body portion. The movable body is configured to be movable on both sides, and an expansion / contraction drive device capable of changing the width of the shield body by moving the movable body out and out is provided, the fixed body and the movable body, the plate seal device provided in the sliding contact portion formed between the plate sealing device, is implanted in regular intervals on one of the fixed body part and the movable body part, a large number of metal wires obtained by multiplying the wave is bundled is in which the tip portion is constituted by a plurality of vertical brushes abutting on the other, the grease supply hole is formed at regular intervals on one of the fixed body part and the movable body part is filled with oil between the vertical brushes It is.
[0007]
According to the said structure, even if it is a wide sliding contact part of a fixed trunk | drum and a movable trunk | drum, the penetration of earth and sand and muddy water from the outside is effectively prevented by the plate seal apparatus which consists of a vertical brush and a filling oil agent. be able to.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the above configuration, the shield body is formed in a rectangular cross section, and the fixed body portion is formed by a center partition that forms a pressure chamber, a pair of top wall center plates, and a pair of bottom wall center plates. The movable body part is slidably disposed on the back surface of the center partition wall, the top wall side plate slidably disposed on the top surface of the top wall center plate, and the bottom surface of the bottom wall center plate. Formed by freely arranged bottom wall side plate and side wall skin plate, sliding contact part of center partition wall and side partition wall, sliding contact part of top wall center plate and top wall side plate, bottom wall center plate and bottom wall A plate seal device is disposed at the sliding contact portion of the side plate.
[0009]
According to the said structure, even if it is a slidable contact surface of a wide plane or a slidable contact surface to which a big pressure is applied, it can seal effectively.
Further, the invention described in claim 3 is that, in each of the above-mentioned configurations, a digging surface smaller than the shield body is formed on the cutter head, the front end portion is rotatably connected to the cutter head, and the rear end portion is fixed to the shield body. A cutter drive device that constitutes a parallel link manipulator is provided by a plurality of telescopic actuators rotatably connected to the body, and this cutter drive device reciprocates the cutter head in a space including a plane orthogonal to the shield axis. By doing so, a tunnel having a cross section corresponding to the width of the shield body is excavated.
[0010]
According to the above configuration, the operating stroke of the cutter head by the telescopic actuator is changed to expand or reduce the excavation width of the natural ground, and the movable body is moved out and with the expansion / contraction drive device corresponding to the excavation width. By expanding or reducing the width of the shield body, a tunnel with a gradually increasing width or a tunnel with a gradually decreasing width can be excavated.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Here, the expansion-contraction type shield machine which concerns on this invention is demonstrated based on FIGS.
[0012]
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, a pair of left and right rectangular cutter heads 2 and 2 are disposed in the front portion of the shield body 1 having a rectangular cross section. The shield body 1 is composed of a central fixed barrel portion 1A and movable barrel portions 1B and 1B which are arranged on both the left and right sides of the fixed barrel portion 1A so as to be freely retractable in the width direction. Width expansion / contraction cylinders 3 and 3 are provided which are expansion / contraction drive devices capable of changing the width of the shield body 1 between Lw and Ls.
[0013]
That is, as shown clearly in FIG. 1, the fixed body portion 1 </ b> A includes a center partition wall 11 that forms a pressure chamber 6 for holding earth pressure, a top wall center plate 12, and a bottom wall center plate 13. The movable body 1B includes a side partition wall 14 slidably disposed on the back surface of the center partition wall 11, a top wall side plate 15 slidably disposed on the top surface of the top wall center plate 12, and a bottom wall center plate. 13 includes a bottom wall side plate 16 and a side wall skin plate 17 slidably disposed on the lower surface of 13. The output ends of the width expanding / contracting cylinders 3 and 3 whose main body is connected to the support block 20 on the back surface of the center partition wall 11 of the fixed body 1A are connected to the side wall skin plate 17 of the movable body 1B.
[0014]
Further, a partition seal device 51A is provided at the sliding contact portion between the center partition wall 11 and the side partition wall 14, and the first plate sealing device 51B is mounted at the sliding contact portion between the top wall center plate 12 and the ceiling wall side plate 15 at the bottom wall. The second plate sealing device 51C is disposed at the sliding contact portion between the center plate 13 and the bottom wall side plate 16, respectively. The rear end portion inner peripheral surface of the fixed barrel portion 1A is provided with the same first tail seal device 52A that is in sliding contact with the segment. The rear end portion inner peripheral surface of the movable barrel portion 1B is provided with the segment S and the fixed barrel portion. A second tail seal device 52B slidably contacting the portion 1A is provided.
[0015]
The partition sealing device 51A and the first and second plate sealing devices 51B and 51C have the same configuration. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the left and right outer side surfaces of the center partition 11, the top wall side plate 15 and the bottom A rectangular seal mounting plate 53 is mounted on the inner surface of the wall side plate 16 with mounting bolts 54 over the front surface of the seal portion. Planting holes 53a are formed in these seal mounting plates 53 at regular intervals, and vertical brushes 55, which are metal brushes obtained by bundling a large number of waved metal wires in the planting holes 53a, are respectively planted. The tip portions are in sliding contact with the side partition walls 14, the top wall center plate 12, and the bottom wall center plate 13, respectively. Further, the side partition wall 14, the top wall center plate 12, and the bottom wall center plate 13 are formed with grease supply holes 56 at regular intervals, and a grease supply pipe 58 connected to the grease supply device 57 is connected thereto. The pate grease (oil agent) is filled between the vertical brushes 55 and in the metal wire. The vertical brush 55 may be disposed on the side partition wall 14, the top wall center plate 12, and the bottom wall center plate 13 side. Further, the supply of the putty grease may be provided on the center partition wall 11, the top wall side plate 15, and the bottom wall side plate 16 side as indicated by phantom lines in FIG. 2.
[0016]
Therefore, even if high-pressure earth and sand or muddy water intrudes into the sliding contact portion from the pressure chamber 6 or an external ground, the pressure can be maintained by a large number of vertical brushes 55 installed over a wide surface, and muddy water can be reliably infiltrated by putty grease. Intrusion of muddy water or the like into the shield body 1 can be prevented beforehand.
[0017]
The tail seal devices 52A and 52B are provided with a plurality of rows of wire brushes 52a in the circumferential direction and filled with putty grease.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 9 and 10, the cutter driving devices 4 and 4 of the cutter heads 2 and 2 have their front end portions rotatably connected to the cutter head 2 and their rear end portions shielded. It is composed of a parallel link manipulator composed of hydraulic cutter drive cylinders 5A to 5H which are telescopic actuators of a total of 8 sets and 4 sets of 2 connected to a center partition wall 11 of the fixed body 1A of the main body 1 in a freely rotatable manner. Yes.
[0018]
That is, in the parallel link manipulator constituting the cutter head driving device 4, the base end portions of the eight cutter driving cylinders 5A to 5H are rotated around the corners of the rectangle R which is vertically long when viewed from the center partition wall 11 which is a platform. They are connected via a dynamic coupling 21. Further, the front ends of the cutter driving cylinders 5A to 5H are connected to the back surface of the cutter head 2 serving as an end effector via a rotary joint 22 in the vicinity of the corners of the rhombus D that is vertically long in front view.
[0019]
The cutter driving device 4 can excavate a natural ground by reciprocating or turning the cutter head 2 in the vertical and horizontal directions within a plane perpendicular to the shield axis, and is particularly wide in the horizontal direction when viewed from the front. The operating range can be secured. Moreover, the cutter head 2 can be driven in the front-rear direction, and a hard rock can be effectively excavated by the impact force.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 6, the cutter head 2 is formed by arranging a plurality of columnar frames 32 in a rectangular frame frame 31 connected in a slanted lattice pattern at predetermined intervals. A through space surrounded by the frame 32 is formed in the earth and sand intake 33. A large number of cutter bits 34 and 35 project from the outer periphery of the frame frame 31 and the front surface of the columnar frame 32 at predetermined intervals.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 4, a mud pipe 7 </ b> A and a mud pipe 7 </ b> B are penetrated and connected to the center partition wall 11 of the shield body 1, and an agitator 8 for earth and sand agitation is provided. As shown in FIG. 7, an erector device 9 for assembling the segment S is disposed at the rear of the shield body. In this erector device 9, a revolving frame 43, which can be swung around a shield axis, is disposed on a movable frame 42 which is guided by an upper and lower rail 41 and can be shifted, and a segment is disposed on the revolving frame 43 via a revolving link arm 44. A holding device 45 is provided on the outer peripheral side so as to be freely retractable. Then, it is possible to construct a primary lining body that gradually expands or contracts by combining a plurality of types of segments S corresponding to the width of the shield body 1 to be expanded or contracted. In addition, a plurality of propulsion jacks 10 for propelling the shield main body 1 using the existing segment S assembled by the erector device 9 as a reaction force receiver are provided at the rear part of the shield main body 1. The propulsion jack 10 is added or removed as necessary in accordance with the expansion / contraction width of the shield body 1.
[0022]
In the above configuration, when excavating a tunnel having a narrow width to a wide width, the hydraulic oil supplied and discharged from the hydraulic pump is controlled by a cutter drive control device (not shown), and the cutter drive cylinders 5A to 5H are controlled to expand and contract. The head 2.2 is driven to reciprocate in the left-right direction and the up-down direction in a plane orthogonal to the shield axis, and excavates natural ground by the cutter bits 34 and 35. The excavation reaction force at this time is offset and attenuated by the shield body 1 via the cutter driving cylinders 5A to 5H by driving the cutter heads 2 and 2 in the relative directions. Then, the excavated sediment is taken into the pressure chamber 6 from the sediment intake 33, mixed with the mud supplied from the mud pipe 7A and stirred by the agitator 8 to give appropriate fluidity, and then the mud pipe It is discharged from 7B. Also, the cutter heads 2 and 2 are operated to move in parallel in the front-rear direction according to the soil quality and excavation conditions, and to tilt with respect to the plane perpendicular to the shield axis by controlling the expansion and contraction of the cutter driving cylinders 5A to 5H. It is possible to excavate well by inserting.
[0023]
And when it becomes an enlarged part, the drive stroke of the cutter heads 2 and 2 is gradually widened to the outside of the side part to dig a wide tunnel, and the width expanding / contracting cylinder is advanced in accordance with the tunnel width to move the movable body parts 1B and 1B. Each protrudes outward. Then, the segment S is assembled according to the tunnel width by the erector device 9 to perform primary lining, and the propulsion jack 10 is advanced by using the assembled segment S as a reaction force receiver to advance the shield body 1. This is repeated to excavate a tunnel that gradually becomes wider. Further, when the movable body portions 1B and 1B are protruded by a predetermined amount, the propulsion jack 10 is newly incorporated.
[0024]
In addition, when excavating a tunnel having a wide width to a narrow width, the excavation can be performed in the reverse procedure. In addition, it is possible to easily cope with a tunnel where the excavation width widens or narrows along the way, and continuous excavation is possible.
[0025]
According to the above-described embodiment, the fixed barrel portion 1A and the movable barrel portions 2B and 2B that are slidably fitted on both sides of the fixed barrel portion 1A can be expanded and reduced by the width expanding / contracting cylinder 3. A pair of left and right cutter heads 2 and 2 are arranged at the front part of the shield body 1, and each cutter head 2 is driven by cutter drive devices 4 and 4 constituting a parallel link manipulator by eight cutter drive cylinders 5A to 5H. Since the cutter driving device 4 controls the driving stroke of each cutter head 2 to change the excavation width of the tunnel, the movable barrels 1B and 1B are moved in and out according to the excavation width. It is possible to continuously excavate a tunnel whose width changes gradually.
[0026]
Further, the sliding contact portion between the fixed barrel portion 1A and the movable barrel portion 1B is infiltrated by the vertical brushes 55 that are planted over a wide surface by the partition wall seal device 51A and the first and second plate seal devices 51B and 51C. The pressure of earth and sand and muddy water can be maintained, and the infiltration of muddy water can be reliably prevented by the putty grease, and the intrusion of muddy water and the like can be surely prevented inside the shield body 1. Further, the tail portion can be sealed by the first and second tail seal devices 52A and 52B.
[0027]
FIGS. 11 to 14 show that when a plurality of tunnels are excavated side by side and each lining body is connected to form one super-large diameter tunnel, the tunnel has already been excavated on both sides to form a primary lining body. It is a shield machine for excavating the natural ground between the two.
[0028]
Although this shield machine has almost the same structure as the shield machine of the previous embodiment, the shape of the cutter head 2 and the movable cylinder are used to advance using the preceding lining bodies F and G made of assembled segments as a guide. The shape of the part 1B is different. That is, the cutter heads 2 and 2 are provided with beam cutters 61 and 61 having cutter bits 61a for excavating upper and lower sides of the preceding lining bodies F and G, respectively. The movable body 1B is provided with a guided frame 62 that is guided behind the beam cutters 61 and 61 by the preceding lining bodies F and G, respectively.
[0029]
The same applies to the partition wall seal device 51A, the first and second plate seal devices 51B and 51C, and the first and second tail seal devices 52A and 52B described in the previous embodiment, but the preceding lining bodies F and G are the same. 12 are respectively provided on the outer surfaces of the guided frame 62 and the side skin plate 17 that are in sliding contact with each other. The pressure expansion seal device 63 includes a water stop seal plate 63a that is in sliding contact with the preceding lining bodies F and G, and an expansion seal 63b that is expanded and contracted by the pressurized fluid and swings the water stop seal plate 63a out and out. The pressurized sliding fluid sealing device 21 includes a pressurized fluid supply device 63e that supplies pressurized fluid to the expanded sliding contact seal 21 via a fluid injection hole 63c and a pressurized piping 63d. Thereby, the fluctuation | variation of the clearance gap between the preceding lining bodies F and G and the to-be-guided frames 62 and 62 accompanying the displacement of a shield machine can be absorbed in a predetermined range.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the invention described in claim 1 of the present invention, even a wide sliding contact portion between the fixed barrel portion and the movable barrel portion is externally provided by the plate seal device composed of the vertical brush and the filling oil agent. Can effectively prevent the intrusion of mud and sand.
[0031]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, even a slidable contact surface having a wide flat surface or a slidable contact surface to which a large pressure is applied can be effectively sealed.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the operation stroke of the cutter head by the telescopic actuator is changed to expand or reduce the excavation width of the natural ground, and in response to the excavation width, the movable barrel is operated by the expansion / contraction driving device. By exiting and retracting the part and expanding or reducing the width of the shield body, it is possible to excavate a tunnel with a gradually increasing width or a tunnel with a gradually narrowing width.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a shield body showing an embodiment of an expansion / contraction type shield machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a partition wall sealing device and a plate sealing device of the shield machine.
FIG. 3 is a partial front view showing the partition wall sealing device and the plate sealing device.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the shield machine.
FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway plan view of the shield machine.
FIG. 6 is a front view of the shield machine.
FIG. 7 is a rear view of the shield machine.
FIG. 8 is a rear view when the width of the shield machine is enlarged.
FIG. 9 is a schematic front view showing a configuration of a cutter driving device of the shield machine.
FIG. 10 is a plan sectional view showing a cutter driving device of the shield machine.
FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a shield body showing another embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing an expansion pressure sealing device of the shield machine.
FIG. 13 is a front view of the shield machine.
FIG. 14 is a rear view when the width of the shield machine is enlarged.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield main body 1A Fixed trunk | drum 1B Movable trunk | drum 2 Cutter head 3 Width expansion / contraction cylinder 4 Cutter drive device 5A-5H Cutter drive cylinder 6 Pressure chamber 9 Elector device 10 Propulsion jack 11 Center partition 12 Top wall center plate 13 Bottom wall center plate 14 Side partition 15 Top wall side plate 16 Bottom wall side plate 17 Side wall skin plate 51A Partition seal device 51B, 51C Plate seal device 52A, 52B Tail seal device 53 Seal mounting plate 55 Vertical brush 57 Grease supply device 63 Pressure expansion seal device

Claims (3)

A cutter head driven by a cutter driving device is provided at the front of the shield body,
The shield body is composed of a fixed barrel and movable barrels that can be freely retracted on both sides of the fixed barrel, and the shield body can be moved back and forth to change the width of the shield body. A drive device,
A plate seal device is provided at the sliding contact portion formed between the fixed barrel portion and the movable barrel portion,
The plate sealing device, is implanted in regular intervals on one of the fixed body part and the movable body portion, a plurality of vertical brush tip bundled plurality of metal wires obtained by multiplying the wave is abuts on the other, An expansion and contraction type shield machine characterized by comprising grease supply holes formed at regular intervals on one of a fixed barrel portion and a movable barrel portion and filled with an oil agent between the vertical brushes . The shield body is formed in a rectangular cross section,
The fixed body portion is formed by a center partition wall forming a pressure chamber, a pair of top wall center plates and a pair of bottom wall center plates,
A movable body is slidable on the back surface of the center partition wall, slidably disposed on the top surface of the top wall center plate, and on the bottom surface of the bottom wall center plate. Formed by the arranged bottom wall side plate and side wall skin plate,
Plate seal devices are installed at the sliding contact part between the center bulkhead and the side bulkhead, the sliding contact part between the top wall center plate and the top wall side plate, and the sliding contact part between the bottom wall center plate and the bottom wall side plate. The expansion / contraction type shield machine according to claim 1. Form a drilling surface smaller than the shield body on the cutter head,
Provided is a cutter driving device that constitutes a parallel link manipulator with a plurality of telescopic actuators whose front end is rotatably connected to the cutter head and whose rear end is rotatably connected to the fixed body of the shield body. ,
The cutter drive device is configured to excavate a tunnel having a cross section corresponding to the width of the shield body by reciprocating the cutter head in a space including a plane orthogonal to the shield axis. The expansion / contraction type shield machine according to 1 or 2.

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