JP3801749B2 - Vehicle front structure - Google Patents

Vehicle front structure Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3801749B2
JP3801749B2 JP26928197A JP26928197A JP3801749B2 JP 3801749 B2 JP3801749 B2 JP 3801749B2 JP 26928197 A JP26928197 A JP 26928197A JP 26928197 A JP26928197 A JP 26928197A JP 3801749 B2 JP3801749 B2 JP 3801749B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
vehicle body
cross member
attached
frame
vehicle
Prior art date
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JP26928197A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH1178959A (en
Inventor
務 平田
茂実 神林
明彦 坂崎
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Subaru Corp
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Fuji Jukogyo KK
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Priority to JP26928197A priority Critical patent/JP3801749B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、車両の前部構造に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
車両の前部は、基本的には、エンジンルームの左右両側壁を構成するフロントホイールエプロンに沿って前後方向に配設される閉断面の左右のフロントフレームと、該左右のフロントフレームの前端部にバンパステーによって結合されたフロントバンパとで構成され、前面衝突時は、先ずフロントバンパが潰れて、該フロントバンパのバンパビーム及びバンパステーを介して衝突荷重が左右のフロントフレームに入力し、該フロントフレームが座屈変形して衝突エネルギーの吸収を行なうようになっている。
【0003】
更に、図3(A)に示すように、左右のサイドメンバb,bと前後のクロスメンバc,dとから構成した井桁形状のサブフレーム(エンジンサポートメンバ)aを、その前後左右の四隅部の4箇所にて左右のフロントフレーム1,1に取付け、該サブフレームaにより前面衝突時の衝突荷重に対する抗力を向上させるようにしたものも従来より一般に採用されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、実際に起こる前面衝突は、斜め前方からの衝突等、車体前部の片側に衝突荷重が入力する所謂オフセット衝突が多いが、例えば図3(A)のような従来構造のものがオフセット衝突すると、図3(B)のように、衝突した側の車体の変形が大きい上に、片側に入力した衝突荷重により車体重心CGまわりにモーメントM1 が発生して車体に回転運動が発生するという課題を有している。
【0005】
本発明は上記のような従来の課題に対処することを目的とするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するために、本発明における請求項1の車両の前部構造は、前方2点が左右の前部車体側部材のそれぞれに取り付けられると共に、後方1点が車体の重心より前方に設けられた車体幅方向に延在するクロスメンバ部材に取り付けられるサブフレームを備えた車両の前部構造において、前記サブフレームは、車体幅方向に延在する前辺部と、該前辺部から前記クロスメンバ部材の車体幅方向中央に向かってそれぞれ車体後方に延在する左右の側辺部とを有し、前記前辺部と前記左右の側辺部とが一体的に結合されると共に、前記サブフレームの後方は前記クロスメンバ部材のほぼ中央位置に回動可能に軸着して取り付けられることを特徴とするものである。
また、請求項2の発明は、請求項1において、前記サブフレームは、車体幅方向に延在する前辺部と、該前辺部から前記クロスメンバ部材の車体幅方向中央に向かってそれぞれ車体後方に延在する左右の側辺部とで平面視で前開きのほぼ三角形をなし、前方左右2点の頂点部が左右の前部車体側部材にそれぞれ取り付けられると共に、後方の頂点部が前記クロスメンバ部材のほぼ中央位置に回動可能に軸着して取り付けられることを特徴とするものである。
【0007】
これにより、オフセット前面衝突にて片側のフロントフレームに衝突荷重が入力し、車体重心まわりのモーメントM1 が発生したとき、サブフレームの前方の片側の車体側部材への取付部が後方へ変位することにより後方1点のクロスメンバ部材への軸着部を中心としてサブフレームが回動し、その反力にて上記モーメントM1 を打ち消す方向の車体重心まわりのモーメントM2 が発生し、車体の回転運動を抑制することができる。
【0008】
又、上記サブフレームの回動にて片側の車体側部材に入力した衝突荷重が、他の側の車体側部材に伝達,分散され、衝突荷重に対する抗力の向上をはかることができる。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について図1,図2を参照して説明する。
【0010】
図1において、1,1は車体前部のエンジンルームの左右の側壁に沿って前後方向に配設された閉断面の左右のフロントフレームであり、該左右のフロントフレーム1,1の前端にはフロントバンパ2が取付けられ、前面衝突時は該フロントバンパ2を介してフロントフレーム1,1に衝突荷重が入力し、該フロントフレーム1,1が座屈変形することにより、衝突エネルギーの吸収を行なうものである。3はエンジンルームの後部において左右のフロントフレーム1,1を連結する後部クロスメンバである。該後部クロスメンバ3は所定以上の強度をもった部材例えば閉断面部材にて構成され、車体の重心CGより前方に配設されるものである。
【0011】
4は前部クロスメンバとなる前辺部5と左右の側辺部6,6とからなる平面形状が前開きのほぼ三角形をなすサブフレームであり、該サブフレーム4は、前辺部5の左右端部を左右のフロントフレーム1,1にボルト7,7にて回動可能に軸着されると共に、左右の側辺部6,6の後端の頂点部を車体重心GCの前方に設けられた後部クロスメンバ3の車幅方向ほぼ中央部に上下方向に挿通されたボルト8にて回動可能に軸着することにより、左右のフロントフレーム1,1及び後部クロスメンバ3に取付けられる。
【0012】
このサブフレーム4は、従来のサブフレームと同様に、パワユニット,フロントサスペンション,ステアリングギヤボックス等をマウントするものであり、サブフレーム4の前辺部5及び左右の側辺部6,6等は閉断面部材にて構成されるものとする。
【0013】
そして、平面視でほぼ三角形をなすサブフレーム4の前方2点の頂点部及び後方1点の頂点部の各軸着部には、ゴム等の弾性材よりなるブッシュを介在させてフローティング状態で取付ける構成を採ることにより、振動,騒音等の低減をはかることが望ましい。
【0014】
尚、図示の実施例では、後部クロスメンバ3の左右両端部を左右のフロントフレーム1,1にボルト締めにて取付けた例を示しているが、エンジンルームの後部に車体骨格部材として後部クロスメンバ3を溶接等にて固設したものであっても良い。
【0015】
上記のように、前辺部5と左右の側辺部6,6とからなり平面視でほぼ三角形をなすサブフレーム4を三角形の頂点部の3点にて軸着して取付けたものにおいて、バリアBが車体前面の片側例えば右側に衝突した所謂オフセット衝突時は、図2に示すように、右側のフロントフレーム1に入力した衝突荷重によって車体重心CG部に図において時計方向のモーメントM1 が発生する。そして、右側のフロントフレーム1が座屈変形することにより、サブフレーム4の右側のフロントフレーム1への軸着点が後方へ変位し、該サブフレーム4は後部クロスメンバ3への軸着点まわりに図において時計方向に回動して車体をバリアBから逃がすように作用し、その反力による反時計方向のモーメントM2 が車体重心CGまわりに発生して前記時計方向のモーメントM1 はキャンセルされ、モーメントM1 による車体の回転運動は抑制される。
【0016】
又、右側のフロントフレーム1への軸着点からサブフレーム4の右側の側辺部6に入力した衝突荷重は、サブフレーム4のイコライザ効果により、サブフレーム4の後端の軸着点から後部クロスメンバ3を経て衝突を受けない左側のフロントフレーム1へと伝達,分散されることにより、該衝突荷重に対する抗力は大幅に向上する。
【0017】
尚、上記実施例では、平面視でほぼ三角形をなすサブフレーム4の前方2点の頂点部を左右のフロントフレーム1,1にボルト7,7にて回動可能に軸着した例を示しているが、サブフレーム4の前方の左右2点を左右のフロントフレーム1,1又はエンジンルームの側壁構成部材等の左右の任意の前部車体側部材に固着した構成としても良い。このようにサブフレーム4の前方の左右2点を左右の前部車体側部材に固着した構成としても、後端の1点を後部クロスメンバ3に回転可能に軸着しておけば、オフセット衝突時に車体重心CGまわりのモーメントM1 を打ち消す方向にモーメントM2 が発生して車体の回転運動は抑制され、又片側の前部車体側部材に入力した衝突荷重がサブフレームにより他方の前部車体側部材に伝達,分散される、という上記実施例と同様の作用,効果を果たすことができる。又、このようにサブフレーム4の前方左右2点を前部車体側部材に固着する場合でも、ゴム等の弾性材を介在させフローティング状態とすることが望ましい。
【0018】
オフセット衝突でない前面衝突時に、サブフレーム4により衝突荷重に対する抗力が向上し、衝突エネルギーの効果的な吸収を行なうことができることはいうまでもない。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、例えば前辺部と左右の側辺部とからなる平面視で前開きのほぼ三角形をなすサブフレームを、前方の左右の2点を左右の前部車体側部材に取付け、後方の1点の頂点部を車体重心より前方に配設されたクロスメンバ部材に回動可能に軸着して取付けたことにより、オフセット前面衝突の際に発生する車体重心まわりのモーメントM1 を上記サブフレームによって生ずる車体重心まわりのモーメントM2 によって打ち消し、車体の回転運動を抑制することができると共に、片側の前部車体側部材に入力した衝突荷重を上記サブフレームにて他方の前部車体側部材に伝達,分散することができるもので、構造が簡単でコスト低廉なることと相俟って、実用上多大の効果をもたらし得るものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態の一例を示すもので、(A)はサブフレームの配設位置の概略を示す平面説明図、(B)は(A)の側面図である。
【図2】図1に示すサブフレームを装備した車両におけるオフセット前面衝突時の車体変形態様を説明する平面説明図である。
【図3】従来のサブフレームを装備した車両の一例を示す図で、(A)は衝突前の要部平面説明図、(B)はオフセット前面衝突時の車体変形態様を説明する平面説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 フロントフレーム
2 フロントバンパ
3 後部クロスメンバ
4 サブフレーム
5 前辺部
6 側辺部
7,8 ボルト
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a front structure of a vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The front part of the vehicle basically includes a left and right front frame with a closed cross section disposed in the front-rear direction along the front wheel apron constituting the left and right side walls of the engine room, and the front end parts of the left and right front frames. The front bumper is first crushed and a collision load is input to the left and right front frames via the bumper beam and the bumper stay of the front bumper. Buckling deformation is performed to absorb collision energy.
[0003]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (A), a cross frame-shaped subframe (engine support member) a composed of left and right side members b, b and front and rear cross members c, d is arranged at four corners at the front, rear, left and right. Conventionally, the four frames are attached to the left and right front frames 1 and 1 and the resistance against the collision load at the time of a frontal collision is improved by the subframe a.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the frontal collision that actually occurs is often so-called offset collision in which a collision load is input to one side of the front part of the vehicle body, such as a collision from diagonally forward. For example, the conventional structure shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 3 (B), the deformation of the vehicle body on the collision side is large, and a moment M 1 is generated around the vehicle body center of gravity CG due to the collision load input to one side to generate a rotational motion in the vehicle body. Has a problem.
[0005]
The present invention aims to address the above-described conventional problems.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the vehicle front structure according to claim 1 of the present invention has two front points attached to the left and right front vehicle body side members, and one rear point ahead of the center of gravity of the vehicle body. In the vehicle front part structure including a subframe attached to a cross member member extending in the vehicle body width direction, the subframe includes a front side part extending in the vehicle body width direction, and the front side part Left and right side portions extending rearward of the vehicle body from the cross member member toward the vehicle width direction center of the cross member member, and the front side portion and the left and right side sides are integrally coupled. The rear of the sub-frame is attached to be pivotally attached to a substantially central position of the cross member member.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the sub-frame includes a front side portion extending in the vehicle body width direction and a vehicle body extending from the front side portion toward the vehicle width direction center of the cross member member. The left and right side sides extending rearward form a substantially triangular shape with a front opening in plan view, and the front left and right apex parts are attached to the left and right front body side members, respectively, and the rear apex part is The cross member member is pivotally attached to and attached to a substantially central position of the cross member member.
[0007]
As a result, when a collision load is input to the front frame on one side in an offset frontal collision and a moment M 1 around the center of gravity of the vehicle body is generated, the attachment portion to the vehicle body side member on one side ahead of the subframe is displaced rearward. As a result, the sub-frame rotates around the pivoting portion on the cross member member at one rear point, and the reaction force generates a moment M 2 around the center of gravity of the vehicle body in the direction to cancel the moment M 1 . Rotational motion can be suppressed.
[0008]
Further, the collision load input to the vehicle body side member on one side by the rotation of the subframe is transmitted and distributed to the vehicle body side member on the other side, so that the drag force against the collision load can be improved.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0010]
In FIG. 1, reference numerals 1 and 1 denote closed front left and right front frames disposed in the front-rear direction along the left and right side walls of the engine room at the front of the vehicle body. A front bumper 2 is attached, and at the time of a frontal collision, a collision load is input to the front frames 1 and 1 via the front bumper 2, and the front frames 1 and 1 are buckled and deformed to absorb collision energy. Is. Reference numeral 3 denotes a rear cross member for connecting the left and right front frames 1, 1 at the rear of the engine room. The rear cross member 3 is formed of a member having a strength higher than a predetermined level, for example, a closed cross-section member, and is disposed in front of the center of gravity CG of the vehicle body.
[0011]
4 is a sub-frame in which the planar shape formed by the front side part 5 serving as a front cross member and the left and right side parts 6 and 6 forms a substantially triangular shape with a front opening. The left and right ends are pivotally attached to the left and right front frames 1, 1 with bolts 7 and 7, and the apex portions of the rear ends of the left and right side portions 6 and 6 are provided in front of the vehicle body center of gravity GC. The rear cross member 3 is attached to the left and right front frames 1, 1 and the rear cross member 3 by being pivotally mounted by a bolt 8 inserted vertically in a substantially central portion in the vehicle width direction of the rear cross member 3.
[0012]
Like the conventional subframe, the subframe 4 mounts a power unit, a front suspension, a steering gear box, and the like. The front side portion 5 and the left and right side portions 6, 6 of the subframe 4 are It shall be comprised with a closed cross-section member.
[0013]
And it attaches in the floating state via the bushing which consists of elastic materials, such as rubber | gum, in each axial attachment part of the vertex part of the front two points | pieces of the sub-frame 4 which makes a substantially triangle in planar view, and the vertex part of one back point It is desirable to reduce vibration and noise by adopting a configuration.
[0014]
In the illustrated embodiment, the left and right ends of the rear cross member 3 are attached to the left and right front frames 1 and 1 by bolting, but the rear cross member is used as a vehicle body skeleton member at the rear of the engine room. 3 may be fixed by welding or the like.
[0015]
As described above, the sub-frame 4 which is composed of the front side 5 and the left and right side sides 6 and 6 and is substantially triangular in plan view is attached by being axially attached at three points at the apex of the triangle. When the barrier B collides with one side of the front surface of the vehicle body, for example, the right side, as shown in FIG. 2, a clockwise moment M 1 is applied to the center of gravity CG of the vehicle body due to the collision load input to the right front frame 1 as shown in FIG. appear. Then, when the right front frame 1 is buckled and deformed, the pivot point of the sub frame 4 on the right front frame 1 is displaced rearward, and the sub frame 4 is rotated around the pivot point of the rear cross member 3. In the figure, it rotates clockwise to release the vehicle body from the barrier B, and a counterclockwise moment M 2 due to the reaction force is generated around the vehicle body center of gravity CG, and the clockwise moment M 1 is cancelled. Thus, the rotational movement of the vehicle body due to the moment M 1 is suppressed.
[0016]
Also, the collision load input from the right landing side of the front frame 1 to the right side 6 of the sub frame 4 is caused by the equalizer effect of the sub frame 4 from the rear landing point of the sub frame 4 to the rear portion. By being transmitted and distributed to the left front frame 1 that does not receive a collision through the cross member 3, the resistance against the collision load is greatly improved.
[0017]
In the above embodiment, an example is shown in which the vertexes of the front two points of the sub-frame 4 that is substantially triangular in plan view are pivotally attached to the left and right front frames 1, 1 by bolts 7, 7. However, the left and right two points in front of the subframe 4 may be fixed to the left and right front frames 1 and 1 or any left and right front vehicle body side members such as engine side wall components. Thus, even if the front left and right two points of the subframe 4 are fixed to the left and right front body side members, if one rear end point is rotatably attached to the rear cross member 3, the offset collision Occasionally, moment M 2 is generated in a direction that cancels moment M 1 around the center of gravity CG of the vehicle body, so that the rotational movement of the vehicle body is suppressed, and the collision load input to the front vehicle body member on one side is caused by the subframe to cause the other front It is possible to achieve the same operation and effect as in the above-described embodiment in which it is transmitted and distributed to the side member. Further, even when the front left and right two points of the subframe 4 are fixed to the front vehicle body side member in this way, it is desirable that the elastic state material such as rubber is interposed to make the floating state.
[0018]
Needless to say, at the time of a frontal collision that is not an offset collision, the subframe 4 can improve the drag force against the collision load and effectively absorb the collision energy.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, for example, the subframe that is substantially triangular in the front opening formed by the front side portion and the left and right side portions is formed on the front vehicle body side on the left and right front points. It is attached to the member, and the vertex at one point on the rear is pivotally attached to the cross member member arranged in front of the center of gravity of the vehicle body. The moment M 1 is canceled by the moment M 2 around the center of gravity of the vehicle body generated by the subframe, and the rotational movement of the vehicle body can be suppressed, and the collision load input to the front vehicle body member on one side is This can be transmitted and distributed to the front vehicle body side member, and can be combined with the simple structure and low cost, and can bring about a great practical effect.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIGS. 1A and 1B show an example of an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is an explanatory plan view showing an outline of an arrangement position of subframes, and FIG. 1B is a side view of FIG.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view for explaining a vehicle body deformation mode at the time of an offset frontal collision in a vehicle equipped with the subframe shown in FIG. 1;
FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing an example of a vehicle equipped with a conventional subframe, in which FIG. 3A is a plan view illustrating a main part before a collision, and FIG. 3B is a plan view illustrating a vehicle body deformation mode at the time of an offset frontal collision. It is.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Front Frame 2 Front Bumper 3 Rear Cross Member 4 Subframe 5 Front Side 6 Side Side 7 and 8 Bolt

Claims (2)

前方2点が左右の前部車体側部材のそれぞれに取り付けられると共に、後方1点が車体の重心より前方に設けられた車体幅方向に延在するクロスメンバ部材に取り付けられるサブフレームを備えた車両の前部構造において、
前記サブフレームは、車体幅方向に延在する前辺部と、該前辺部から前記クロスメンバ部材の車体幅方向中央に向かってそれぞれ車体後方に延在する左右の側辺部とを有し、前記前辺部と前記左右の側辺部とが一体的に結合されると共に、
前記サブフレームの後方は前記クロスメンバ部材のほぼ中央位置に回動可能に軸着して取り付けられることを特徴とする車両の前部構造。
A vehicle having a subframe attached to a cross member member extending in the vehicle body width direction provided at a front point from the center of gravity of the vehicle body with two front points attached to the left and right front vehicle body side members In the front structure of
The sub-frame has a front side portion extending in the vehicle body width direction and left and right side sides extending from the front side portion toward the vehicle body width direction center of the cross member member to the rear of the vehicle body. The front side and the left and right side parts are integrally coupled,
The vehicle front structure, wherein the rear of the sub-frame is pivotally attached to a substantially central position of the cross member member .
前記サブフレームは、車体幅方向に延在する前辺部と、該前辺部から前記クロスメンバ部材の車体幅方向中央に向かってそれぞれ車体後方に延在する左右の側辺部とで平面視で前開きのほぼ三角形をなし、前方左右2点の頂点部が左右の前部車体側部材にそれぞれ取り付けられると共に、
後方の頂点部が前記クロスメンバ部材のほぼ中央位置に回動可能に軸着して取り付けられることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の車両の前部構造。
The sub-frame is a plan view of a front side portion extending in the vehicle body width direction and left and right side portions extending from the front side portion toward the vehicle body width direction center of the cross member member to the rear of the vehicle body. With a front-opening almost triangular shape, the apex parts of the front left and right two points are attached to the left and right front body side members, respectively,
2. The vehicle front structure according to claim 1, wherein a rear apex portion is pivotally attached to and attached to a substantially central position of the cross member member .
JP26928197A 1997-09-16 1997-09-16 Vehicle front structure Expired - Fee Related JP3801749B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP26928197A JP3801749B2 (en) 1997-09-16 1997-09-16 Vehicle front structure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP26928197A JP3801749B2 (en) 1997-09-16 1997-09-16 Vehicle front structure

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Publication Number Publication Date
JPH1178959A JPH1178959A (en) 1999-03-23
JP3801749B2 true JP3801749B2 (en) 2006-07-26

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JP26928197A Expired - Fee Related JP3801749B2 (en) 1997-09-16 1997-09-16 Vehicle front structure

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Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20020090665A (en) * 2001-05-29 2002-12-05 지엠대우자동차기술 주식회사 Method for impact absorption of wheel carrier for automobiles
JP3775280B2 (en) 2001-10-31 2006-05-17 日産自動車株式会社 Body front structure
US7270369B2 (en) 2004-09-22 2007-09-18 Mazda Motor Corporation Automobile underbody structure
JP4525276B2 (en) * 2004-09-29 2010-08-18 マツダ株式会社 Lower body structure
DE602005003737T2 (en) 2004-09-29 2008-12-11 Mazda Motor Corp. Vehicle underbody or substructure or structure
JP4556596B2 (en) * 2004-09-29 2010-10-06 マツダ株式会社 Lower body structure

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