JP3799033B2 - Eyepiece and optical device - Google Patents

Description

    The present invention relates to an eyepiece used in a binocular observation optical apparatus such as a microscope or a stereoscopic microscope that performs observation using both eyes.

    The mainstream of microscopes and stereomicroscopes that observe specimens visually using a microscope is to divide the image formed by the objective lens with a beam spiriter and observe it with the left and right eyes. .

    Such a stereomicroscope uses a dedicated optical system for each of the left and right eyes to generate parallax to obtain a stereoscopic effect.

    In addition, binoculars are also observed with both eyes using an optical system equivalent to left and right.

    Furthermore, the telescope has a large aperture, like the astronomical telescope, so that the image formed by the objective lens can be observed with both the left and right eyes by dividing the image formed by the objective lens like a microscope. There is.

    A binocular observation device such as a microscope or a stereoscopic microscope observes an image formed by an objective lens or an imaging optical system with an eyepiece, but the position of both eyes must be matched with the exit pupil of the eyepiece. The virtual image created by the eyepiece must be fused with the left and right eyes. However, it is difficult to match the position of both eyes with the exit pupil of the eyepiece or to fuse the virtual image created by the eyepiece with the left and right eyes if there is little experience, otherwise it is difficult to observe with a microscope or the like .

    The present invention provides an eyepiece and an optical device used in a binocular observation optical device and the like that make it easy to match both eyes with the exit pupil as described above and to fuse the left and right images.

    The eyepiece of the present invention is an eyepiece used together with the other eyepiece for binocular observation of the right side image and the left side image of the subject image by the imaging optical system, and is an approximate imaging position of the right side image or the left side image. When used with the other eyepiece, the area that can be observed on the left side and not observable on the right side is located on the right side of the left visual field, and the area that can be observed on the right side and cannot be observed on the left side is located on the left side of the right visual field. As described above, the field stop is arranged in a state of being moved in the horizontal direction relative to the field stop of the other eyepiece.

    Another eyepiece lens of the present invention is an eyepiece lens for binocular observation of a subject image formed by an imaging optical system, and includes a field stop disposed at an image formation position of the subject image, and the field stop. Means is provided for moving in the horizontal direction with respect to the optical axis of the imaging optical system.

    In general, an eyepiece used in a binocular observation optical apparatus such as a stereomicroscope has an aperture that restricts a field angle range where a good image is obtained at an observed image position. Then, in order to fuse and view with the left and right eyes, the left and right field stops with the same shape are adjusted so that there is no eccentricity.

    The eyepiece of the present invention moves the field stop of one eyepiece in the horizontal direction connecting the left and right eyes relative to the field stop of the other eyepiece so that the specimen can be seen far away from the field stop. By changing the amount of displacement of the aperture, the degree to which the sample can be seen in the distance is changed to facilitate observation.

    That is, the eyepiece of the present invention is adjusted to obtain the most desirable depth feeling by moving the field stop of one eyepiece lens relative to the other field stop as described above. It is intended to be fixed.

    Next, the principle of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

    In FIG. 1, (A) shows the positions where A1 and A2 are viewed at the right end and the left end of the field of view, respectively. Further, (B) shows the relationship between the field stop and a position that is felt as an image position by an illusion when viewed with the left and right eyes.

    In FIG. 1, if the left field stop is shifted to the right and the right field stop is shifted to the left, the point A1 at the left end of the right eye field B1 is hidden by the field stop 1 and cannot be seen by the left eye. It seems that A1 is far away from the field stop 1. Similarly, A2 at the right end of the field of view B2 of the left eye C2 does not appear to be hidden by the field stop 1 in the right eye C1, but appears to be at A2 far from the field stop 1.

    Therefore, when the image is fused with the field stop 1 as a reference, the illusion is that there is an image 2 on the other side of the field stop, and the image can be seen as if a picture is seen beyond the frame.

    For example, in the case of an eyepiece having a focal length of 25 mm and a lateral displacement of the field stop of 0.2 mm, if the convergence angle is 12 degrees when the virtual image by the eyepiece is a clear vision distance of 250 mm, the image is compared with the field stop. The amount of the distance is as follows.

(0.2 × 2) × 10 × (1 / tan6 °) ≈9.5 mm
That is, it appears about 10 mm beyond the field stop.

    For the reasons described above, the eyepiece lens of the present invention is configured as described above.

    Furthermore, the optical device of the present invention includes an imaging optical system that forms a subject image as a right image and a left image, right and left eyepieces for binocular observation of the right image and the left image, and the right image or the left image. It comprises right and left field stops arranged substantially at the imaging position of the left image, and the right and left field stops satisfy the following conditions (1) and (2).

(1) −0.004 · F <V (R) −V (L) <0.004F
(2) 0.004F <H (L) -H (R) <0.015F
Where F is the focal length of the right and left eyepieces, V (L) is the amount of vertical displacement of the optical axis of the left eyepiece with respect to the optical axis of the imaging optical system, and V (R) is the right eyepiece. A vertical displacement of the optical axis of the imaging optical system relative to the optical axis of the imaging optical system, H (L) a lateral displacement of the optical axis of the left eyepiece lens relative to the optical axis of the imaging optical system, H (R) Is the amount of deviation of the optical axis of the right eyepiece in the horizontal direction with respect to the optical axis of the imaging optical system.

    The value of V (R) -V (L) in condition (1) represents the amount of vertical displacement when the direction connecting both eyes of the left and right visual fields is horizontal. In this condition (1), if the upper limit of 0.004F or the lower limit of -0.004F is exceeded, the vertical displacement of the field stop becomes large, and fusion with the left and right eyes becomes difficult.

    Further, the value of H (L) -H (R) in condition (2) represents the amount of horizontal displacement when the direction connecting both eyes of the left and right visual fields is horizontal. In this condition (2), if the upper limit of 0.015F is exceeded, the depth sensation becomes too strong or the fusion becomes difficult. On the other hand, when the value is smaller than the lower limit of 0.004F, the feeling of depth becomes weak, which is not preferable. In particular, when the value is close to 0, the field stop and the image almost coincide with each other and the sense of depth disappears. Furthermore, if the above values turn negative, the principle of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is reversed, and the view of the field of view on the left and right is reversed, so that the center part rises and the left and right edges flicker. Become very difficult to see.

    Another optical device of the present invention includes an imaging optical system that forms a subject image as a right image and a left image, right and left eyepieces for binocular observation of the right image and the left image, and the right image or And a right field stop and a left field stop that are disposed substantially at the imaging position of the left image. The right field and the left field stop satisfy the following conditions (1) and (2), and the right eyepiece and the left eyepiece. Each optical axis of the lens satisfies the following conditions (3) and (4).

(1) −0.004 · F <V (R) −V (L) <0.004F
(2) 0.004F <H (L) -H (R) <0.015F
(3) −0.004 · F <V (OCR) −V (OCL) <0.004F
(4) 0.004F <H (OCL) -H (OCR) <0.015F
Where F is the focal length of the right and left eyepieces, V (L) is the amount of vertical displacement of the optical axis of the left eyepiece with respect to the optical axis of the imaging optical system, and V (R) is the right eyepiece. A vertical displacement of the optical axis of the imaging optical system relative to the optical axis of the imaging optical system, H (L) a lateral displacement of the optical axis of the left eyepiece lens relative to the optical axis of the imaging optical system, H (R) Is an amount of deviation of the optical axis of the right eyepiece in the horizontal direction with respect to the optical axis of the imaging optical system. The upward and rightward directions when viewed from the observation side are positive, and V (OCL) is the left eyepiece. The amount of vertical deviation of the optical axis from the optical axis of the imaging optical system, V (OCR) is the amount of vertical deviation of the optical axis of the right eyepiece lens from the optical axis of the imaging optical system, and H (OCL). Left-right shift of the optical axis of the left eyepiece with respect to the optical axis of the imaging optical system , H (OCR) is a displacement amount of the left and right directions with respect to the optical axis of the imaging optical system of the optical axis of the right ocular lens to upward, rightward and forward as viewed from the observation side.

    V (OCR) -V (OCL) in condition (3) is the amount of vertical displacement when the direction connecting both eyes of the left and right visual fields is horizontal. In this condition (3), if the upper limit of 0.004F is exceeded or the lower limit of −0.004F is exceeded, the amount of vertical displacement of the field stop becomes large, and fusion with the left and right eyes becomes difficult.

    Further, H (OCL) -H (OCR) in the condition (4) is a shift amount in the left-right direction when the direction connecting both eyes is horizontal.

    When the upper limit of 0.015F of the condition (4) is exceeded, the feeling of depth becomes too strong or the fusion becomes difficult. When the lower limit of 0.004F of the condition (4) is exceeded, the field stop and the image almost coincide with each other and the sense of depth is lost. Furthermore, if the above values turn negative, the principle described in FIG. 1 is reversed, and the visual field on the left and right is reversed, the center rises and the left and right edges flicker. Hard to see.

    The optical device of the present invention is an optical device having the above-described characteristics, and includes, for example, a microscope apparatus, binoculars (telescope), a head-mounted display, and other spectacles having the above characteristics.

    A microscope apparatus to which the present invention is applied includes an imaging optical system for forming an image of a subject, a separation optical system that forms a subject image formed by the imaging optical system as a right side image and a left side image, and the right side The left and right eyepieces for binocular observation of the image and the left image, and the right and left field stops arranged at the imaging positions of the right image and the left image, can be observed with the left eyepiece. The region that cannot be observed with the right eyepiece is positioned on the right side of the field of view of the left eyepiece, and the region that can be observed with the right eyepiece and cannot be observed with the left eyepiece is positioned on the left side of the field of view of the right eyepiece. The field stops of the right eyepiece and the left eyepiece are arranged in a state where they are relatively moved in the horizontal direction.

    In addition, another microscope apparatus to which the present invention is applied includes an imaging optical system for forming an image of a subject, and a separation for forming an object image formed by the imaging optical system as first and second images. An optical system, a first eyepiece lens and a second eyepiece lens for binocular observation of the first image and the second image, and an imaging position of the first image and the second image are arranged A moving unit that includes a first field stop and a second field stop, and moves at least one of the first field stop and the second field stop in a horizontal direction with respect to an optical axis of the imaging optical system; It is what you have.

    Another microscope apparatus includes an imaging optical system for forming an image of a subject, a separation optical system that forms an object image by the imaging optical system as a first image and a second image, and the first optical device. A first eyepiece lens and a second eyepiece lens for binocular observation of the first image and the second image, and the first image forming position and the second image forming position. A field stop, and at least one of the first field stop and the second field stop satisfies the following conditions (1) and (2).

(1) −0.004 · F <V (R) −V (L) <0.004F
(2) 0.004F <H (L) -H (R) <0.015F
Furthermore, the microscope apparatus of the present invention is an eyepiece lens for binocular observation of a subject image formed by the imaging optical system, and includes a field stop arranged at the imaging position of the subject image, and the field stop is connected. The following conditions (3) and (4) are satisfied with respect to the optical axis of the image optical system.

(3) −0.004 · F <V (OCR) −V (OCL) <0.004F
(4) 0.004F <H (OCL) -H (OCR) <0.015F

    An optical apparatus such as an eyepiece or a binocular microscope apparatus according to the present invention can observe a subject with a good sense of depth.

    Next, embodiments of the eyepiece of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

    2A and 2B are diagrams showing an eyepiece of the present invention, in which FIG. 2A is a diagram showing the configuration of the eyepiece (only one is shown), and FIGS. 2B and 2C are left and right visual fields provided on the eyepiece, respectively. It is a figure which shows an aperture stop.

    In FIG. 2, reference numeral 11 denotes an eyepiece lens, and 12 denotes a field stop provided on the eyepiece lens 11, which is arranged in the vicinity of an image position formed by the imaging optical system.

    Circular field stops 12 and 13 as shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C are provided at the position of the field stop 12.

    The field stops 12 and 13 are movable in the horizontal direction (XX direction) and the vertical direction (YY direction), respectively. That is, in FIGS. 2B and 2C, AX indicates the position of the optical axis of the imaging optical system, while O indicates the center of the field stops 12 and 13. Therefore, in the state shown in FIG. 2, (B) of FIG. 2 shows that the center O of the left field stop 12 is in the plus direction and the up-down direction (YY) in the left-right direction (XX direction) with respect to the optical axis AX. Direction), the field stop 17 is moved so as to be shifted in the minus direction. On the other hand, FIG. 2C shows that the center O of the right field stop 13 is in the plus direction in the left-right direction (XX direction) with respect to the optical axis AX, and in the minus direction in the up-down direction (YY direction). 13 has been moved. The depth of the image can be changed by moving in the horizontal direction within a range that satisfies the conditions (1) and (2).

    As described above, the eyepiece according to the first embodiment can adjust the depth of the image by moving the field stops 12 and 13 while observing the object image.

    As described above, the eyepiece of the first embodiment is configured to adjust the position of the field stop as described above and fix the field stop at a position where a desirable sense of depth is obtained. In addition, the observer can observe the subject with a sense of depth that is easy to observe while adjusting the field stop position as described above during observation.

    3A and 3B show the shape of another field stop arranged at the image position formed by the imaging optical system of the eyepiece of FIG. , 15.

    Similar to the circular field stops 12 and 13 in FIGS. 2B and 2C, the field stops 14 and 15 are moved in the horizontal direction within the range satisfying the conditions (1) and (2). By doing so, the sense of depth of the image can be adjusted.

    In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, circular field stops 16 and 17 are fixed to the eyepiece 11, and this figure shows a state where the field stop is viewed from the direction of the observation eye.

    In this embodiment, the eyepiece is moved in the horizontal direction, and the left and right visual field stops 16 and 17 are moved in the horizontal direction within the range satisfying the conditions (3) and (4) to adjust the depth of the image. sell. That is, it is an eyepiece used in an optical device (microscope device) having a field stop provided in an optical device described later.

    In FIG. 4, the left eyepiece is moved as shown in FIG. 4A, and the field stop 16 is moved in the plus direction in the left-right direction (XX direction) and in the minus direction in the up-down direction (Y-Y direction). Has been moved to.

    FIG. 5 shows an outline of a diaphragm moving mechanism used in the eyepiece of the present invention.

    In FIG. 5, 20 is a left and right eyepiece, 21 is a left and right field stop, 22 is an imaging optical system, and AX is an optical axis of the imaging optical system. Reference numeral 23 is a male screw, 24 is a female screw, 25 is a connecting member, and 26 is a spring.

    The diaphragm moving mechanism moves in the horizontal direction of the drawing with respect to the female screw 24 fixed to the main body by rotating the male screw 23. The connecting member 25 is integrated with the field stop 21 and can be moved to the left and right together with the field stop 21. The connecting member 25 is pressed against the male screw by a spring 26.

    By this movement mechanism, the field stop 26 moves together with the connecting member 25 by the movement of the male screw 23 in the left-right direction with respect to the female screw 24 fixed to the rotating body of the male screw 23. Thereby, the position of the field stop can be adjusted.

    FIG. 6 is a diagram similarly showing the moving mechanism, in which the eyepiece 20 provided with the field stop 21 is moved by the moving mechanism.

    The embodiment of the eyepiece of the present invention has been described above.

    Next, embodiments of the optical device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

    FIG. 7 shows a binocular microscope apparatus which is an optical apparatus of the present invention, (A) shows a side view of the apparatus, and (B) shows a configuration of an optical system. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 31 denotes an objective lens, 32 denotes a separation optical system that forms a subject image such as a sample image formed by the objective lens 31 as a right side image and a left side image, 33 denotes left and right eyepieces, Reference numeral 35 denotes left and right imaging positions, and the left and right images formed here are observed by the eyepiece 33.

    In this binocular microscope apparatus, field stops as shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C and FIGS. 3A and 3B are arranged at the left and right imaging positions 34 and 35, respectively. Then, the position of the field stop may be adjusted to fix the field stop at a position where the most sense of depth is obtained.

    Further, in the microscope apparatus shown in FIG. 7, the field stop position can be moved without being fixed, and the observer can adjust the field stop position so that a sense of depth can be obtained while observing the subject image. Good.

    Next, FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the optical apparatus of the present invention, which is an example of another binocular microscope apparatus of the present invention.

    This binocular microscope apparatus has left and right objective lenses 36 and 37, and field stops 41 and 42 are arranged at image forming positions by the left and right objective lenses 36 and 37, and the left and right images by the objective lenses 36 and 37 are eyepieces. Observation is made with lenses 38 and 39.

    This binocular microscope apparatus is also arranged with (B), (C) of FIG. 2 or (A), (B) of FIG. 3 as a field stop, and is fixed in a state where a feeling of depth can be obtained by adjusting them. It is.

    Alternatively, the observer may observe the subject image in a state where a sense of depth is obtained.

    The binocular microscope apparatus shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 adjusts the field stop arranged at the left and right subject image positions.

    However, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the field stop is fixed to the left and right eyepieces, and the eyepiece itself is moved and the depth feeling is adjusted and then fixed, or the observer senses the depth feeling while moving the eyepiece itself. May be adjusted and observed in a desired state.

    In the microscope apparatus having the configuration shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, it is desirable that the conditions (1) and (2) or the conditions (3) and (4) are satisfied.

    Further, in FIG. 9, a field stop as shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C and FIGS. 3A and 3B is arranged at the imaging position on the telescope (binoculars). Is adjusted to adjust the depth of the image and then fixed. Further, the field stop may be adjusted so that a preferable depth feeling can be obtained during observation.

The figure explaining the principle of this invention The figure which shows embodiment of the eyepiece of this invention The figure which shows the other example of the field stop of the eyepiece of this invention The figure which shows the other structure of the eyepiece of this invention The figure which shows the moving mechanism of the field stop of the eyepiece of this invention The figure which shows the moving mechanism of the eyepiece of this invention The figure which shows the structure of the microscope apparatus which is the optical apparatus of this invention The figure which shows the structure of the other microscope apparatus of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

11 Eyepiece 12, 13, 14, 15 Field stop

Claims (2)

In the eyepiece used together with the other eyepiece for binocular observation of the right image and the left image of the subject image by the image forming optical system, the image forming position of the right image or the left image is substantially the imaging position of the other eyepiece. When using with the other eyepiece, an area that can be observed on the left side and not observable on the right side is located on the right side of the left visual field, and an area that can be observed on the right side and cannot be observed on the left side is located on the left side of the right visual field. An eyepiece having a field stop arranged in a state of being moved in the horizontal direction relative to the field stop of the lens. An imaging optical system that forms a subject image as a right image and a left image, right and left eyepieces for binocular observation of the right image and the left image, and an approximate image formation position of the right image or the left image. An area that can be observed with the left eyepiece lens and that cannot be observed with the right eyepiece lens is located on the right side of the field of view of the left eyepiece lens, and an area that can be observed with the right eyepiece lens and cannot be observed with the left eyepiece lens is the right eyepiece. An optical device comprising right and left field stops arranged in a state of being relatively moved in the horizontal direction so as to be located on the left side of the field of view of the lens.

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