JP3792724B2 - Pellet polymer composition - Google Patents
Pellet polymer composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3792724B2 JP3792724B2 JP52053997A JP52053997A JP3792724B2 JP 3792724 B2 JP3792724 B2 JP 3792724B2 JP 52053997 A JP52053997 A JP 52053997A JP 52053997 A JP52053997 A JP 52053997A JP 3792724 B2 JP3792724 B2 JP 3792724B2
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- Prior art keywords
- hot melt
- weight
- composition
- pellet
- adhesive
- Prior art date
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 38
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- HLWRUJAIJJEZDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O HLWRUJAIJJEZDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- C09J153/00—Adhesives based on block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J153/02—Vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
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- C09J153/00—Adhesives based on block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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Description
発明の属する技術分野
本発明は、ホットメルト感圧用途または成形用途のいずれかに使用できる、粘着性ホットメルト組成物を含んでなるペレット状のポリマー組成物に関する。感圧用途に適した組成物は、約5×106dyn/cm2またはそれよりも小さい貯蔵弾性率G’(約25℃)を有することによって定義され、各ペレットは、その溶融前に実質的に不粘着性の表面を有する共にその再固化後に感圧特性を示す。射出成形に適したポリマー組成物は、好適には、高分子量ブロックコポリマーを含んでなり、ペレットの溶融前でも、溶融および再固化の後でも、不粘着性の表面を有する。
従来の技術
粘着性ホットメルト組成物は、種々の基材に対し接着能力を示すため、これまで、接着剤業界において感圧型接着剤(粘着剤)のような広範な用途に使用されている。感圧型ホットメルト組成物の重要な特性は、その溶融状態から完全に冷却すると、室温で粘着性を保持して、基材に接着できることである。この特性が必要な用途は、例えばテープやラベルの用途である。紙やポリエチレンやポリプロピレンなどの基材に、粘着性ホットメルト組成物を塗布し、剥離ライナーを被覆して、輸送し、その後、例えば、種々の容器や書籍や雑誌や封筒に簡易な印し付け用のラベルとして使用される。
粘着性ホットメルト組成物は、粘着性のままであるため、他の用途での使用が排除されている。さらに他の用途では、柔軟で非常にフレキシブルな組成物を用いることが望ましい。このような他の用途は1つは、射出成形による製品の成形である。射出成形によって形成されるある種の成形品として、靴底、ドラムパッド、リハビリ用ハンドグリップ、ショックアブソーバー、防音材、椅子用パッド、娯楽産業に使用される皮膚代用品などが挙げられるが、これらに限られない。
感圧型ホットメルト接着剤は、その粘着性のため、取り扱いが困難であって、皮膚や布や塗布装置や床などの望ましくない場所に、接着しうる。このような感圧型ホットメルト組成物の取り扱い上の問題を回避すべく、多数の包装方法が提案されている。
ホットメルト接着剤は、ペレット、ピロー(ドイツ特許第22 48 046号に開示)、スラット、チクレット(chicklets)、ブロック、ケークなどの形態で供給される。
感圧型ホットメルト接着剤の別の問題点は、その粘着性のため、輸送容器において各小片が相互にブロッキングして、大きな塊りを形成することである。この問題点のため、産業界で使用されている多数の異なる形式のホットメルトプリメルタータンク内に、接着剤を入れることが困難となる。
米国特許第3,723,035号は、改善されたホットメルト接着剤の包装方法を実施するための機械を開示する。この機械によって、当業者にピローとして知られている最終生成物が形成される。このピローを、ポリエチレンのような非粘着性のポリマーと共に同時押出して、室温で粘着性の感圧型接着剤を製造することができる。このような同時押出成形による被膜は、各ピローが室温で相互にブロッキングして固体塊を形成することを防止する。この方法を用い、同時押出成形ピローを溶融して、塗布ラインで使用すると、ホットメルト組成物は、室温に戻ることによって、再度粘着性を示すようになる。
フランス特許第2,544,654号(1984年10月26日発行)は、ホットメルト接着剤を型に添加して非粘着性ホットメルトを形成する旨、開示するが、この型は、ホットメルト接着剤に相溶性のトランスファーフィルムを有する予備成形支持層を備える。
米国特許(1988年6月12日発行)および米国特許第4,755,245号(1988年7月5日発行)は、型またはキャビティに粉末スクリーンを静電塗布し、次いでホットメルト接着剤を注ぐことによってホットメルト接着剤用の保護膜を形成する旨、開示する。
フランス特許第2,601,616号(1988年10月22日発行)は、感圧型ホットメルト接着剤を、自己非粘着性材料フィルムをスプレイして予め被覆した型に、キャスティングすることによって、接着剤ブロックを形成する旨、開示する。
DE 31 38 222、DE 32 34 065およびDE 36 25 358は、形成したホットメルトブロックに種々のフィルムを被覆または包装する旨、教示する。
米国特許第5,257,491号(Rouyer et al.)は、ホットメルト接着剤組成物を流動可能なときに十分に固化して、接着剤組成物を包装する方法を教示する。
米国特許第5,401,455号(Hatfield et al.)(1995年3月28日発行)は、型を冷媒ガスまたは液体ヒートシンクに接触させる、ホットメルト接着剤組成物の包装方法を教示する。Hatfieldは、ホットメルト接着剤を、フィルムを溶融状態でライニングしたキャビティ内に注入すると、接着剤は、フィルムと共にある程度溶融する旨、教示する。Hatfieldによれば、これは、またフィルムの混合および相溶化をある程度可能にすると共に、より完全な混合の機会を改善する。
米国特許第5,057,571号(Malcolm et. al.)は、8欄59行〜9欄14行においてラジアルブロックコポリマーと粘着付与樹脂とのプレブレンドをペレット化する方法を開示する。このプレブレンドは、使い捨て製品の構造用ホットメルト接着剤を製造するのに使用される。またプレブレンドは、押出機によって製造される。その後、ペレット化したプレブレンドを用い、通常のホットメルトミキサーによって接着剤を製造する。これは、感圧型ホットメルト接着剤を製造するための2段階法であって、最終生成物を自由流動性のペレット状で製造することについて、全く、教示していない。
EP0 410 914 A1は、通常柔軟で粘着性のプラスチック材料からなる流動可能な材料を開示し、この材料は、次のように製造される:溶融プラスチック材料を押出成形して、このプラスチック材料に相溶性の非粘着性材料を含む冷却媒体に接触させ、プラスチック材料を粒子に切断し、これらの粒子を冷却媒体から分離し、次いで、これらの粒子を相溶性の第2非粘着性材料に接触させる。この文献は、粒子の非粘着性材料への第2接触を行わないと、粒子は、短期間で硬化した後に流動性および粘着性を喪失する旨、開示する。
EP0 115 307 A2は、非ブロッキング性のホットメルト接着剤を、その融点を越える温度で離型剤に接触させてなる接着剤の製造法を開示する。文献記載の方法に従い、この文献で用いた分散体中、20重量%ほどの高濃度の離型剤を用いて製造した接着剤製品は、粘着性が観察された。
本発明者は、感圧型ホットメルト接着剤、または溶融および再固化の後に不粘着性のままである表面を有するポリマー組成物のいずれかとすることができる自由流動性でペレット状のポリマー組成物を見いだした。
発明の概要
本発明は、
I.以下の成分を含む粘着性ホットメルト組成物97〜99.9重量%:
a)5〜90重量%の熱可塑性ポリマー、
b)10〜65重量%の粘着付与樹脂、
c)0〜50重量%の可塑剤および
II.粘着性ホットメルト組成物を実質的に囲むペレット化剤0.1〜3重量%を含むペレット状のポリマー組成物であって、
上記ホットメルト組成物は、約5×106dyn/cm2またはそれよりも小さい貯蔵弾性率G'(約25℃)を有し、各ペレットは、実質的に不粘着性の表面を有するポリマー組成物
を開示する。
上記ホットメルト組成物は、約5×106dyn/cm2またはそれよりも小さい貯蔵弾性率G'(約25℃)(Rheometrics Scientific Dynamic Mechanical Spectrometer Model #RDS7700を用いて測定)を示す感圧型接着剤である。
ペレット化剤は、感圧型ホットメルト接着剤を、不粘着性の表面を有するペレットの形態で提供するのに用いられる。ペレットを溶融および再固化すれば、組成物は、再度、当初の粘着性の状態に戻る。ペレットは、自由流動性を示し、得られたペレット化組成物は、種々のテープおよびラベル用途や、生理用ナプキンの定位、おむつの固定および使い捨て製品の構造の形成なでのために感圧型接着剤が用いられる不織布用途や、組立用途のために感圧型ホットメルト接着剤が用いられるような自動車工業や、医療用途などにおいて使用することができる。
さらに本発明は、
I.以下の成分を含む、97〜99.9重量%の粘着性ホットメルト組成物:
a)200,000を越える分子量を有する、A-B-A型の高分子量ブロックコポリマー2.0〜20重量%、
b)相溶性可塑剤20〜98重量%および
c)相溶性ポリマー0〜30重量%、および
II.ペレット化剤0.1〜3重量%
を含む、ペレット状のポリマー組成物を開示する。
上記ポリマー組成物は、ペレットの溶融前並びに溶融および再固化の後に不粘着性の表面を有する。
得られた粘着性ホットメルト組成物は、約0.8を越える比重、約90℃を越えるメトラー(Mettler)軟化点および約20グラムを越えるBloom Gelometerの読取り値を特徴とする。
以上のようにして形成したペレットは、柔軟で、非ブロッキング性で、実質的に表面粘着性を示さず、またG’(弾性率または貯蔵弾性率)測定値によって特徴付けられる弾性反発力を示す。このような組成物は、成形、特に射出成形の使用に適している。これら組成物から製造された成形品は、いずれも、実質的に不粘着性の表面を保持する。組成物本体は、ペレットの特性を決定する一方、ペレット化剤は、ペレットの表面特性を決定するが、組成物本体の特性に対し、何ら作用しない。
このようなペレットは、成形、特に射出成形への使用に適している。この処理に適した組成物は、
I.以下の成分を含む粘着性ホットメルト組成物:
a)少なくとも1つのA-B-A型高分子量トリブロックコポリマーおよび
b)可塑剤、および
II.ペレット化剤
を含み、
前記ペレット化剤は、得られる成形品が柔軟で非ブロックキング性であってかつ実質的に不粘着性の表面を有するように、粘着性ホットメルト組成物を実質的に囲む。所望により、他の相溶性ブロックコポリマー、例えばラジアル(radial)ブロックコポリマー、ジブロックコポリマー、他のトリブロックコポリマーなどを添加することができる。好適には、粘着性ホットメルト組成物は、成形品の約97〜約99.9重量%、より好適には約99〜約99.9重量を構成する。
この組成物から製造した成形品は、いずれも、実質的に不粘着性の表面を保持すると共に、弾性反発特性を示す。このような成形品には、ディスクプレーヤーやイヤホンや電子ドラムキットの打楽器面などを制振するために消音パッドとして有用なドラムパッド; ソール、靴の中敷き、インラインスケート靴底など;
競技用具に使用されるパッド、例えばマウスパッド、保護材、他の硬質保護パッド用の封入材など; 自転車のシート、グローブ、自転車用ショーツなど; 医療用装置、例えば車椅子用のパッド、ドーナツ形シート用パッドなど; 家具用パッド、例えばマットレスパッド、椅子パッドなど; 特殊な効果を奏する商品、例えば、身体の一部やサンタクロースの腹部や合成皮膚などの映画産業に有用な商品; 包帯、特に火傷用の包帯が包含される。ペレット化剤以外の組成物残部成分は、ペレット本体およびペレットからの成形品の特性全般を決定する一方、ペレット化剤は、ペレット表面だけでなくこのペレットから製造される成形品表面の特性を決定する。
また本発明は、ペレット化剤を用い、非ブロッキング性であって柔軟である実質的に不粘着性の表面を有するペレットを製造する、ペレット形粘着性ホットメルト組成物の水中ペレット製造法を開示する。この方法は、製品ごとに、主として可塑剤の配合量に応じてわずかに変化し、以下の工程を含む。
a)各ホットメルト成分を混合して、実質的に均一なホットメルト混合物を形成し、
b)実質的に均一なホットメルト混合物をダイに通して、実質的に均一なホットメルトリボンを形成し、次いで実質的に均一なリボンからペレットを形成し、
c)得られたペレットを冷却媒の使用によって固化し、
d)ペレット化剤を、ペレット化工程の間の所定の時点に適用する。
ペレットは、所望の寸法で製造することができる。好適には、ペレットは実質的に球形で、その寸法は容易な取り扱いのために約1/8〜約3/8インチ(約3mm〜約10mm)の直径である。またペレットは、楕円体または円柱形であってよい。これら形態の好適な寸法は、約3mm〜約10mm〜約10mm×20mmであってよい。
図面の説明
図1は、実施例1〜4の生成物の貯蔵弾性率を温度関数としてプロットしたグラフである。
好適な具体例の詳細な説明
本発明のペレット化ポリマー組成物は、感圧型接着剤特性を示す組成物から非粘着性製品の成形に適した組成物までにわたる、特性スペクトルを示すことができる。感圧型用途に使用されるポリマー組成物は、約5×106dyn/cm2またはそれよりも小さい貯蔵弾性率G’(約25℃)、好適には約1×104dyn/cm2〜約5×106dyn/cm2の貯蔵弾性率G’(約25℃)を有する。他方、成形用途に有用なポリマー組成物は、約5×106dyn/cm2を越える貯蔵弾性率を有することができる。貯蔵弾性率G’は、Rheometrics Scientific Dynamic Mechanical Spectrometer Model #RDS7700を用いて測定する。
本発明に有用な熱可塑性ポリマーには、A-B-A形トリブロックコポリマー、A-B形ジブロックコポリマー、A-B-A-B-A-B型マルチブロックコポリマー、ラジアルブロックコポリマーおよびそれらのグラフト化変形体、エチレンのホモポリマー、コポリマーおよびターポリマー、プロピレンのコポリマーおよびターポリマー、並びにそれらの混合物が包含される。ラジアルブロックコポリマーには、Y字形や星形などの形態のブロックコポリマーが包含される。本発明に有用なA-B-A型ブロックコポリマーは、米国特許第4,136,699号(Collins et al.、1979年1月30日発行)に記載のポリマーであり、この開示をもって本明細書の記載とする。その例には、KratonTM Gシリーズ(Shell Chemical Co.(Houston, TX)から市販)が包含される。種々のグレイドのものが市販されている:KratonTM G-1726,KratonTM G-1650,KratonTM G-1651,KratonTM G-1652,KratonTM G-1657(全て、飽和A-Bジブロック/A-B-Aトリブロック(エチレン/ブチレンミッドブロック)混合物);KratonTM D-1112(高含量A-B型ジブロック直鎖スチレン-インプレン-スチレンポリマー);KratonTM D-1107およびKratonTM D-1111(主として、A-B-A型トリブロック直鎖スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロックコポリマー);Kraton D-4433X(油含量30重量%の直鎖SISブロックコポリマー)およびKraton D-1184(高分子量SBSブロックコポリマー)(両者とも、Shell Chemical Co.から市販);StereonTM 840AおよびStereonTM 841A(A-B-A-B-A-BマルチブロックSBSブロックコポリマー、Firestone(Akron, Ohaio)から市販);EuropreneTM Sol T-193B(直鎖SISブロックコポリマー、Enichem Elastomer(New York, NY)から市販);EuropreneTM Sol T-190(直鎖スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロックコポリマー)およびEuropreneTM Sol T-163(ラジアルSBSブロックコポリマー)(両者とも、Enichem Elastomersから市販);VectorTM 4461-D(直鎖SBSブロックコポリマー、Exxon Chemical Co.(Houston, Texas)から市販);VectorTM 4111、4211および4411(異なる重量割合のスチレンエンドブロックを含む、完全にカップリングした直鎖SISブロックコポリマー);VectorTM 4113(高度にカップリングしたSISブロックコポリマー、Exxon Chemical Co.から市販);DPX-550、EPX-551およびDPX-552(ラジアルSISブロックコポリマー、Dexco Polymers(Houston, Texas)から市販)。本発明は、以上のリストに制限されるものではない。多数のグレイドのブロックコポリマーが、感圧型ホットメルト接着剤の種々の供給会社から市販されており、これらのポリマーを、単独または所望の組み合わせで使用することができる。これらポリマーは、ポリマー組成物中、約5〜約90重量%で使用することができる。
成形用途に適したポリマー組成物は、高分子量、好適には約200,000を越える重量平均分子量(ゲル透過クロマトグラフィーによって測定、スチレン標準物質について報告された値で示す)を有する前記ポリマーのいずれを含んでいてもよい。ポリマーは、好適には、A-B-A型の実質的に直鎖のコポリマーである。ここにおいて、Aブロックはポリスチレンで、Bブロックはエチレン-ブチレン、エチレン-プロピレン、イソプレン、ブタジエンまたはそれらの混合物であってよく、好適には、Bブロックは、エチレン-ブチレンまたはエチレン-プロピレンである。この種のポリマー、例えばKratonTM G-1651は、ホットメルト接着剤工業で通常使用されているスチレン-エチレン/ブチレン-スチレン(S-EB-S)の分子量の2倍である。このコポリマーは、ポリマー組成物中、約2〜約20重量%、好適には約5〜約20重量%の量で存在する。
他の低分子量ブロックコポリマーも、このような高分子量ブロックコポリマーと共に使用することができる。その例には、TKG-101およびRP-6912(Shell Chemical)を含め、A-B-A型トリブロックコポリマー、A-B型ジブロックコポリマー、A-B-A-B-A-B型マルチブロックコポリマー、ラジアルブロックコポリマー、および以上のコポリマーのグラフト化変形体が包含される。このようなA-B-A型ブロックコポリマーは、Collinsらの米国特許第4,136,699号に開示されている。ブロックコポリマーのある種のものは、Shell Chemical Co.からの市販のKratonTM Gシリーズであり、これは、S-EB-Sブロックコポリマーである。
他の有用なポリマーには、アタックチックポリα-オレフィン、例えばRexene Products Co.(Dallas, Texas)から市販の商標名RextacTM、例えばRT-2280、RT-2315およびRT-2585が包含され、これらは、種々の量のエチレンおよびエチレンと少なくとも1つのC2〜C20α-オレフィンとの均質で直鎖もしくは実質的に直鎖の共重合体を有し、さらに、この共重合体は、約25.未満の多分散度を有することが特徴であり、このようなポリマーとして、ExactTM 5008(エチレン-ブテンコポリマー)、Exxpol SLP-0394TM(エチレン-プロピレンコポリマー)およびExactTM 3031(エチレン-ヘキセンコポリマー)(全て、Dow Chemical Co.(Midland, MI)から市販)が挙げられる。これらポリマーは、KratonTM G-1651のようなブロックコポリマーと共に用いる場合、相分離または不均一なゲル様組成物を形成せず相溶性を維持するには、低い濃度で使用する必要がある。その濃度は、組成物中、5重量%ほどに低くすることができる。
エチレン-酢酸ビニルコポリマー、例えばElvaxTM 410(14%酢酸ビニル/400メルトインデックスのコポリマー)およびElvaxTM 210(28%酢酸ビニル/400メルトインデックスのコポリマー)(両者とも、DuPont Chemical Co.(Wilmington, DE)から市販)、EscoreneTM UL 7505(Exxon Chemical Co.から市販のエチレン-酢酸ビニルコポリマー)、UltratheneTM UE 64904(Quantum Chemical Co.(U.S.I. Divislon、Cincinnati, OH)から市販)、およびAT 1850M(AT Polymers & Film Co.(Charlotte, North Carolina)から市販)を含め、他の好適なポリマーも本発明のポリマー組成物中に使用することができる。また、エチレンとアクリル酸メチルのコポリマー(メタクリレートもアクリレートと同様)も、OptemaTM TC-140、XS-93.04およびTC-221(Exxon Chemical Co.から市販);LotrylTM 28 MA 175および35 MA 05 1000(Elf Atochem North America(Philadelphia, PA)から市販)を含め、有用である。エチレン-アクリル酸メチルコポリマーも、Chevron(商標名EmacTM)およびQuantum Chemical Co.(商標名AcrytheneTM)から市販されている。エチレンとアクリル酸n-ブチルとのコポリマーも、本発明の接着剤に有用である。それらは、Quantum Chemical Co.(商標名EnatheneTM、例えば、EA 80808, EA 89821およびEA 89822)、Elf Atochem North America(商標名LotrylTM、例えば35 BA 900および35 BA 1000)、Exxon Chemical Co.(商標名EscoreneTM、例えばXW-23.AHおよびXW-22)から入手できる。これらのポリマーは、KratonTM G-1651のようなある種のブロックコポリマーと共に用いる場合には、低濃度で使用する必要がある。
ポリマー組成物は、粘着付与樹脂を含むことができる。粘着付与樹脂は、感圧型ホットメルト組成物への使用に好適であるが、成形品用組成物には、使用してもよいし、使用しなくてもよい。本発明に有用な粘着付与樹脂には、脂肪族、脂環式および芳香族炭化水素および変性炭化水素および水添誘導体; テルペンおよび変性テルペンおよび水添誘導体; ロジンおよび変性ロジンおよび水添誘導体;およびそれらの混合物が包含される。これら粘着付与樹脂は、環球式軟化点約70〜150℃を有する。粘着付与樹脂は、また異なるレベルの水添度、すなわち飽和度で使用することができる。有用な例には、EastotacTM H-100、H-115およびH-130(Eastman Chemical Co.(Kingsport, TN)から市販)(異なる軟化点を有する部分的水添脂環式石油炭化水素樹脂)が包含される。これは、Eグレイド、Rグレイド、LグレイドおよびWグレイドとして入手することができる。これらは、異なる水添レベル、即ち低い水添度から高い水添度の炭化水素を有する。Eグレイドは臭素価15で、Rグレイドは臭素価5で、Lグレイドは臭素価3で、Wグレイドは臭素価1である。また、EastotacTM H-142R樹脂も市販されている。他の有用な粘着付与樹脂には、Escorez 1310 LC(脂肪族炭化水素樹脂)、EscorezTM 5300およびEscorezTM 5400(部分水添脂環式石油炭化水素樹脂)、およびEscorezTM 5600(部分水添芳香族変性石油炭化水素樹脂)(全て、Exxon Chemical Co.(Houston, TX)から市販)、WingtackTM Extra(脂肪族、芳香族石油炭化水素樹脂、Goodyear Chemical Co.(Akron, OH)から市販)、HercoliteTM 2100(部分水添脂環式石油炭化水素樹脂、Hercules(Wilmington, DE)から市販)、およびZonatacTM 105 Lite(d-リモネンから製造したスチレン化テルペン樹脂、Arizona Chemical Co.(Panama City, FL)から市販)が包含される。ガムロジンやウッドロジンやタル油ロジンや蒸留ロジンや二量化ロジンや重合ロジンを含め、異なる水添レベルを有する多数の樹脂および変性樹脂が市販されている。ある種の特別な変性ロジンには、フッドロジンおよびタル油ロジンのグリセロールエステルおよびペンタエリトリトールエステルが包含される。以下のものに制限されるものではないが、市販グレイドには、SylvatacTM 1103(ペンタエリトリトール、Arizona Chemical Co.から市販)、UnitacTM R-100 Lite(ペンタエリトリトールロジンエステル、Union Camp(Wayne, NJ)から市販)、ZonesterTM 100(タル油樹脂のグリセロールエステル、Arizona Chemlcal Co.から市販)、PermalynTM 305(ペンタエリトリトール変性ウッドロジン、Hercules, Inc(Wilmington, DE)から市販)およびForalTM 105(高水添ペンタエリトリトールロジンエステル)が包含される。SylvatacTM R-85(融点85℃のロジン酸)およびSylvatacTM 295(融点95℃のロジン酸)は、共にArizona Chemical Co.から市販されている。ForalTM AXは、融点75の水添ロジン酸(Hercules Inc.から市販)である。NirezTM V-2040は、フェノール変性テルペン樹脂(Arizona Chemical Co.から市販)である。多数の種類およびグレイドの粘着付与樹脂が、多数の会社から市販されており、当業者ならば、粘着付与樹脂の以上のリストに制限されるものではなく、本明細書に掲げるため、多数の市販の粘着付与樹脂が存在することをわかるであろう。種々のエンドブロック(endblock)樹脂も、本発明の組成物に有用である。このような樹脂には、EndexTM 160(芳香族炭化水素、Hercules, Inc. (Wilmington, DE)によって製造)、KristalexTM3100およびKristalexTM 5140(α-メチルスチレン炭化水素、Hercules, Inc.によって製造)およびクマロンインデン樹脂が包含される。これらの粘着付与剤は、約0〜約65重量%、好適には約10〜約65重量%の範囲で使用される。
本発明に有用な可塑剤には、鉱油系油、石油系油、液体樹脂、液体エラストマー、ポリブテン、ポリイソブチレン、官能化油、例えばグリセロールトリヒドロキシオレエートおよび他の脂肪油、およびそれらの混合物が包含される。
可塑剤は、広義には、熱可塑性樹脂やゴムなどの樹脂に添加して、最終接着剤の押出形成適性、フレキシビリティ、加工性および伸縮性を改善しうるような代表的な有機組成物であると、定義される。周囲温度で流動すると共にブロックコポリマーに適合する物質は、いずれも、使用することができる。
汎用の可塑剤は、芳香族成分含量が低くパラフィンまたはナフテン特性を示す炭化水素油を主成分とする油である。この油は、好適には、揮発性が低く、透明で、出来るだけ着色や臭気が出来るだけないものである。本発明は、またオレフィンオリゴマー、低分子量ポリマー、植物油およびそれらの誘導体、および類似の可塑化油の使用も意図している。
有用な可塑剤の例には、CalsolTM 5120(石油ナフテン系油、Calumet Lubricants Co.(Indianapolis, IN)から市販)、KaydolTM White Mineral Oil(パラフィン系鉱油、Witco Corp.(New York, NY)から市販)、ParapolTM 1300(液体ブテンホモポリマー、Exxon Chemical Co.(Houston, TX)から市販)、IndopolTM H-300(液体ブテンホモポリマー、Amoco Corp.(Chicago, IL)から市販)、EscorezTM 2520(流動点20℃の液体芳香族系石油炭化水素樹脂、Exxon Chemical Co.から市販)、RegalrezTM 1018(流動点18℃の液体水添芳香族系炭化水素樹脂、Hercules Inc.(Chicago, IL)から市販)、およびSylvatacTM 5N(変性ロジンエステルの液体樹脂、流動点5℃、Arizona Chemical Co.(Panama City,FL.)から市販)が包含される。当業者ならば、500秒または1200秒のナフテン系プロセス油全般が有用であることがわかる。これら可塑剤は、ホットメルト感圧型組成物については約0〜約50重量%の量で、成形品用組成物においては約98重量%まで、好適には約90重量%までの量で有用である。
ペレット化剤は、ペレットの表面特性を変化させるのに用いられる。一般に、射出成形のような方法によって製造される成形品にとって、粘着性を保持することは望ましくない。驚くべきことに、少量のペレット化剤によって、ペレットの表面を実質的に非粘着性にすることができる。ペレット化剤は、感圧型ホットメルト接着剤として使用される組成物におけるような、粘着性組成物の最終使用特性を変化させることがなく、また成形用途に使用される組成物の場合のような粘着性組成物の物性を変化させることがない。
ペレット化剤は、ポリエチレンワックス、変性ポリエチレンワックス、ポリアミドワックスおよびステアロアミドワックスからなる群から選ばれる。以下のリストに含まれない他の多数のワックスまたはペレット化剤も、得られたペレットの表面が非粘着性であれば、本発明に有用である。好適なワックスは、Acrawax CTM(ステアロアミドワックス、Lonza, Inc.(Fairlawn, NJ)から市販);CastorTM(ヒドロキシワックス)およびParicinTM(ヒドロキシアミドワックス)(Caschem(Bayonne, NJ)から市販);NeptuneTM 968(Shamrock Technologies(Newark, NJ)から市販);ShamrockTMS-395(ポリエチレンワックス(Shamrock Technologiesから市販);およびHoechstTM Wax PED 121(変性ポリエチレン、Hoechst Celanese(Somerville, NJ)から市販)である。より好適には、これらペレット化剤は、ポリエチレンワックスで、粉末形で導入される。ペレット化剤は、約0.1〜約3重量%、好適には約0.1〜約1重量%の量で存在する。この量は、先行技術の包装法の包装フィルムに匹敵するか、またはより少ない量である。粘着性ホットメルト組成物の使用温度によって、ペレット溶融後および再固化後に、粘着性ホットメルト組成物の表面が実質的に非粘着性の状態に戻るか否かが制御されるものと、考えられる。
安定剤または抗酸化剤も、ポリマー組成物に使用することができる。これらの物質は、粘着付与樹脂のような原料からの残留触媒や光や熱によって誘発され酸素との反応によって引きおこされる接着剤の分解を防止するために、添加される。このような抗酸化剤は、Ciba-Geigy(Hawthorne, NY)から市販されており、この抗酸化剤には、IrganoxTM 565、IrganoxTM 1010およびIrganoxTM 1076(全て、ヒンダードフェノール系抗酸化剤)が包含される。これらは、フリーラジカルのスカベンジャーとして作用する一次抗酸化剤であって、単独または他の抗酸化剤(例えば、IrgafosTM 168、Ciba-Geigyから市販)との組み合わせで使用することができる。ホスフィット抗酸化剤は、二次抗酸化剤であると考えられ、過酸化物分解剤として主として使用され、一般に単独では使用されずに、他の抗酸化剤と組み合わせて使用される。他の市販の抗酸化剤は、CyanoxTM LTDP(チオエーテル抗酸化剤、Cytec Industries(Stamford, CT)から市販)、EthanoxTM330(ヒンダードフェノール系抗酸化剤、Albemarle(Baton Rouge, LA)から市販)である。多数の他の抗酸化剤も、単独または他の抗酸化剤との組み合わせでの使用に利用可能である。これらの物質は、ホットメルトに、感圧型ホットメルト接着剤中約2重量%までの少量で添加されるため、接着剤の物性に影響を与えない。
接着剤の物性に影響を与えずに添加しうる他の物質は、例えば、着色用の顔料、蛍光剤、臭気マスキング用の物質、および充填材である。このような添加剤は、当業者に既知である。
充填材は、粒状物質や繊維物質や粉末物質の形態で入手されるが、接着剤中の他の成分の作用を妨害しないような物質であれば、いずれであってもよい。ある種の例には、炭酸カルシウム、セラミックス、ガラス、シリカ、水晶、雲母、処理クレー、二酸化チタン、窒化ホウ素、グラファイト、カーボンブラック、金属、バリウム、スルフェート、タルクおよびそれらの混合物が包含される。このような添加剤は当業者に既知である。
前記したように、得られるペレットは、柔軟で、非ブロックキング性で、実質的に表面粘着性を示さず、かつ弾性反発力を示す。この最後の特性は、弾性率または貯蔵弾性率G’で測定することができる。物質は、その弾性率がより高ければ、その当初の形態に戻る傾向がより高い。高分子量トリブロックコポリマーの配合量が少ない場合、形成したペレットはゲルに類似する。ペレットは、ある種の弾性反発力を有するが、広い温度範囲または長期間にわたり同じ物性を保持する傾向を示す。このようなペレットは、サンタクロースの腹部のような成形品を製造するのに適している。コポリマーの添加量が多い場合、形成したペレットは、高い弾性率を有し、当初の形態に迅速に戻る。このペレットは、ドラムパッドのような成形品を製造するのにより適している。
また前記したような相溶性ポリマーまたはコポリマーは、ペレットの特性を変性するために添加することができる。これら相溶性ポリマーは、一般に低分子量であり、所定量の高分子量トリブロックコポリマーを用いて製造したペレットは、この高分子量コポリマーと低分子量相溶性ポリマーまたはコポリマーとのブレンドを同じ量で用いて製造したペレットよりも、弾性反発力がより高い。したがって、これら相溶性ポリマーまたはコポリマーは、最終の用途または使用に適合させるために添加される。
これらペレットは、成形、特に射出成形での使用に適している。このようなプロセスに適した組成物は、
I.以下の成分を含む粘着性ホットメルト組成物:
a)少なくとも1つのA-B-A型高分子量トリブロックコポリマーおよび
b)可塑剤、および
II.ペレット化剤
を含み、上記ペレット化剤は、成形品が柔軟で非ブロッキング性であってかつ実質的に表面粘着性を示さないように、粘着性組成物を実質的に包囲する。所望により、他のポリマー、例えばジブロックコポリマーまたは他のトリブロックコポリマーを添加することができる。好適には、粘着性ホットメルト組成物は、成形品の約97〜約99.9重量%、好適には約99〜約99.9重量%を構成する。
前記組成物から製造した成形品は、いずれも、実質的に非粘着性の表面および弾性反発特性を保持する。このような成形品には、ディスクプレーヤーやイヤホンや電子ドラムキットの打楽器面などを制振するために消音パッドとして有用なドラムパッド; ソール、靴の中敷き、インラインスケート靴底など; 競技用具に使用されるパッド、例えばマウスパッド、保護材、他の硬質保護パッド用の封入材など; 自転車のシート、グローブ、自転車用ショーツなど; 医療用装置、例えば車椅子用のパッド、ドーナツ型シート用パッドなど; 家具用パッド、例えばマットレスパッド、椅子パッドなど; 特殊な効果を奏する商品、例えば、身体の一部やサンタクロースの腹部などの映画産業に有用な商品が包含される。本発明に使用されるペレット化剤は、先行技術とは異なって、このペレット化剤が粘着性組成物を実質的に完全に包囲して冷却時に表面粘着性を実質的に示さないように、成形工程の間に表面をブルームする。これは、本発明の組成物に使用されるペレット化剤の量が少量であり、また先行技術の教示によれば、ペレット化剤の量によって組成物本体の特性を実質的に損なうべきでなくかつ表面特性を変更させるべきではないことからみて、驚くべきことである。
本発明は、さらに、本発明全ての組成物のペレットの製法を開示する。製造法は、可塑剤の配合量に応じ、各生成物についてごくわずか変更することができる。本発明の方法によれば、同時回転式の二軸スクリュー押出機に複数回通して、生成物を、各通過の最終時点でペレット化し、次いで押出機に再度供給して、可塑剤を添加する。90%以上の可塑剤を含む組成物は、3回の通過を必要とし、他方、可塑剤の充填量が少ない場合には、2回のみの通過で足りる。重要なこととして、両方の通過の後、材料をペレット化剤でペレット化することに留意する。水中のペレット化剤の濃度は、各通過について予想製造速度に基づき、約0.1〜約3重量%、好適には約0.1〜約1重量%の範囲であってよい。特に好適な製造法は、次の工程を含む。
a)各ホットメルト成分を混合して、実質的に均一なホットメルト混合物を形成し、
b)実質的に均一なホットメルト混合物を、一連の円形パターンの孔を有するダイに通して、実質的に均一な一連のリボンを形成し、
c)実質的に均一なホットメルトリボンを、ダイに対し実質的に平行に配置した回転ブレードに通し、切断して、ペレットを形成し、次いで
d)ペレット化剤を含む液体冷却媒体を用い、この冷却媒体を、実質的に均一なホットメルトリボンが排出される側のダイおよび回転ブレードに循環させて、ペレットを実質的に固化し、
e)ホットメルトペレットを乾燥域に送り、
f)吹込によってホットメルトペレットから液体を実質的に除去する。
前記したように、ペレット化剤は冷却媒体中に存在させる。またペレット化剤溶液をホットメルト組成物と共に同時供給することによって、ペレット化剤は、ホットメルト組成物に、ブレンド前またはペレット化工程の間に添加することができる。
前記したように、この分野でよく知られているように、安定剤または抗酸化剤も組成物に少量添加することができ、組成物の他の物性に影響を与えない。物性に影響を与えずに添加しうる他の物質は、着色顔料、蛍光剤および臭気マスキング剤である。このような添加剤は当業者に既知である。
次に、実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
実施例
テスト法
1.溶融粘度
ホットメルト接着剤の溶融粘度は、21番または27番のいずれかのスピンドルを用い、ブルックフィールド粘度計(Brookfield Thermosel Viscosmeter Model DV-II+)によって測定した。
2.比重
比重は、ASTM D792テスト法に従い、液体としてイソプロピルアルコールを用いて測定した。
3.メトラー軟化点
メトラー軟化点は、ASTM D3461テスト法を用い測定した。
4.動的温度工程
貯蔵弾性率G'(25℃)およびTgは、レオメーター(Rheometrics Scientific Dynamic Mechanical Spectrometer Model # RDS7700)を用い測定した。用いた平行板は、直径が25mmで、隙間が1.502mmであった。装置は、振動数10rad/secに設定し、温度走査は180〜−50℃で行った。
5.ブルームゲルメーター
試料の剛性は、ゲルメーター(Precision Bloom Gelometer Catalog No.68705)を用い測定した。
実施例1〜4
以下の組成物は、説明の目的のためにのみ示す。
表1に掲げた成分から、粘着性ホットメルト組成物として有用な本発明の組成物を製造した。
これらの実施例では、この種のホットメルト組成物で達成される物性を示すが、異なる物性を有する多数の組成物が存在する。
実施例1および2は、高分子量で実質的に直鎖のA-B-A型ブロックコポリマーを用いた本発明を説明する。実施例3および4は、高分子量ブロックコポリマーと、これとは別のブロックコポリマーとのブレンドの使用を説明する。これら実施例は、成形品に有用な組成物を説明する。動的温度工程は、特に、これを説明する。図1を参照されたい。
実施例5および6並びに比較例A
実施例5および6は、感圧型ホットメルト接着剤として使用しうる組成物を示す。比較例Aは、G'が感圧型ホットメルト接着剤組成物について特定されたパラメーターの範囲外であるような組成物の例である。表4から、感圧特性範囲内に入れるには、G'について、ほぼ100℃付近に温度を上昇させねばならないことがわかる。
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pelletized polymer composition comprising an adhesive hot melt composition that can be used for either hot melt pressure sensitive applications or molding applications. A suitable composition for pressure sensitive applications is about 5 × 106dyn / cm2Or defined by having a lower storage modulus G ′ (about 25 ° C.), each pellet having a substantially tack-free surface before its melting and exhibiting pressure sensitive properties after its resolidification . A polymer composition suitable for injection molding preferably comprises a high molecular weight block copolymer and has a tack-free surface both before and after melting and resolidification of the pellets.
Conventional technology
Adhesive hot melt compositions have been used in a wide range of applications such as pressure sensitive adhesives (adhesives) in the adhesive industry because of their ability to adhere to various substrates. An important characteristic of a pressure-sensitive hot melt composition is that when it is completely cooled from its molten state, it can remain tacky at room temperature and adhere to a substrate. Applications that require this characteristic are, for example, tape and label applications. Apply an adhesive hot melt composition to a substrate such as paper, polyethylene, or polypropylene, cover a release liner, transport it, and then, for example, simply mark various containers, books, magazines, and envelopes Used as a label for.
Adhesive hot melt compositions remain tacky and are therefore excluded from use in other applications. In still other applications, it is desirable to use a flexible and very flexible composition. One such other application is the molding of products by injection molding. Some types of molded articles formed by injection molding include shoe soles, drum pads, rehabilitation hand grips, shock absorbers, soundproofing materials, chair pads, skin substitutes used in the entertainment industry, etc. Not limited to.
Pressure sensitive hot melt adhesives are difficult to handle due to their tackiness and can adhere to undesirable locations such as skin, cloth, applicators and floors. A number of packaging methods have been proposed in order to avoid such problems in handling pressure-sensitive hot melt compositions.
The hot melt adhesive is supplied in the form of pellets, pillows (disclosed in German Patent 22 48 046), slats, chicklets, blocks, cakes and the like.
Another problem with pressure sensitive hot melt adhesives is that due to their stickiness, each piece in the shipping container blocks each other and forms a large mass. This problem makes it difficult to place adhesive in many different types of hot melt premelter tanks used in the industry.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,723,035 discloses a machine for carrying out an improved hot melt adhesive packaging method. This machine forms a final product known to those skilled in the art as a pillow. This pillow can be coextruded with a non-tacky polymer such as polyethylene to produce a pressure sensitive adhesive that is tacky at room temperature. Such a coating by coextrusion prevents the pillows from blocking each other at room temperature to form a solid mass. When this method is used to melt a co-extruded pillow and use it in a coating line, the hot melt composition becomes tacky again by returning to room temperature.
French Patent No. 2,544,654 (issued October 26, 1984) discloses that a hot melt adhesive is added to a mold to form a non-tacky hot melt, but this mold is compatible with hot melt adhesives. A preformed support layer having a soluble transfer film is provided.
US patents (issued June 12, 1988) and US Patent 4,755,245 (issued July 5, 1988) are hot by applying a powder screen electrostatically to a mold or cavity and then pouring hot melt adhesive. It is disclosed that a protective film for a melt adhesive is formed.
French Patent No. 2,601,616 (issued on October 22, 1988) forms a block of adhesive by casting a pressure-sensitive hot melt adhesive into a mold pre-coated with a self-adhesive film. Disclosed to that effect.
DE 31 38 222, DE 32 34 065 and DE 36 25 358 teach that various films are coated or packaged on the formed hot melt block.
US Pat. No. 5,257,491 (Rouyer et al.) Teaches a method of packaging a hot melt adhesive composition that is sufficiently solid when flowable to package the adhesive composition.
US Pat. No. 5,401,455 (Hatfield et al.) (Issued March 28, 1995) teaches a method of packaging a hot melt adhesive composition in which a mold is contacted with a refrigerant gas or liquid heat sink. Hatfield teaches that when hot melt adhesive is injected into a cavity lined with the film in a molten state, the adhesive will melt to some extent with the film. According to Hatfield, this also allows some mixing and compatibilization of the film and improves the opportunity for more thorough mixing.
US Pat. No. 5,057,571 (Malcolm et. Al.) Discloses a method of pelletizing a pre-blend of radial block copolymer and tackifying resin at column 8, line 59 to column 9, line 14. This preblend is used to produce structural hot melt adhesives for disposable products. The pre-blend is produced by an extruder. Then, an adhesive is manufactured with a normal hot melt mixer using the pelletized pre-blend. This is a two-step process for producing pressure sensitive hot melt adhesives and does not teach at all about producing the final product in free-flowing pellets.
EP 0 410 914 A1 discloses a flowable material, usually made of a soft and sticky plastic material, which is produced as follows: a molten plastic material is extruded and phased into this plastic material. Contacting a cooling medium comprising a soluble non-stick material, cutting the plastic material into particles, separating the particles from the cooling medium, and then contacting the particles with a compatible second non-stick material . This document discloses that without a second contact of the particles to the non-tacky material, the particles lose fluidity and tackiness after curing in a short period of time.
EP 0 115 307 A2 discloses a process for producing an adhesive comprising contacting a non-blocking hot melt adhesive with a release agent at a temperature above its melting point. According to the method described in the literature, the adhesive product produced using a release agent having a high concentration of about 20% by weight in the dispersion used in this literature was observed to be sticky.
The inventor has developed a free-flowing, pelletized polymer composition that can be either a pressure sensitive hot melt adhesive or a polymer composition having a surface that remains tack free after melting and resolidification. I found it.
Summary of the Invention
The present invention
I. 97-99.9% by weight of an adhesive hot melt composition containing the following ingredients:
a) 5-90% by weight of thermoplastic polymer,
b) 10-65% by weight tackifying resin,
c) 0-50% by weight plasticizer and
II. A pelletized polymer composition comprising 0.1 to 3 wt% of a pelletizing agent that substantially surrounds the adhesive hot melt composition,
The hot melt composition is about 5 × 106dyn / cm2A polymer composition having a storage modulus G ′ (about 25 ° C.) or less, each pellet having a substantially tack-free surface
Is disclosed.
The hot melt composition is about 5 × 106dyn / cm2Or a pressure-sensitive adhesive exhibiting a smaller storage elastic modulus G ′ (about 25 ° C.) (measured using Rheometrics Scientific Dynamic Mechanical Spectrometer Model # RDS7700).
Pelletizing agents are used to provide pressure sensitive hot melt adhesives in the form of pellets having a tack-free surface. If the pellets are melted and re-solidified, the composition returns to its original tacky state again. The pellets are free-flowing, and the resulting pelleted composition is pressure sensitive for various tape and label applications, sanitary napkin orientation, diaper fixation and disposable product structure formation It can be used in non-woven fabric applications where the agent is used, in the automotive industry where pressure-sensitive hot melt adhesives are used for assembly applications, and in medical applications.
Furthermore, the present invention provides
I. 97-99.9% by weight tacky hot melt composition containing the following ingredients:
a) 2.0-20% by weight of a high molecular weight block copolymer of the A-B-A type, having a molecular weight greater than 200,000,
b) 20-98% by weight of compatible plasticizer and
c) compatible polymer 0-30% by weight, and
II. Pelletizing agent 0.1-3% by weight
A pelletized polymer composition is disclosed.
The polymer composition has a tack-free surface before the pellets melt and after melting and resolidification.
The resulting tacky hot melt composition is characterized by a specific gravity greater than about 0.8, a Mettler softening point greater than about 90 ° C., and a Bloom Gelometer reading greater than about 20 grams.
The pellets formed as described above are soft, non-blocking, substantially free of surface tack, and exhibit an elastic repulsion characterized by a G ′ (modulus or storage modulus) measurement. . Such a composition is suitable for use in molding, particularly injection molding. All molded articles made from these compositions retain a substantially tack-free surface. The composition body determines the properties of the pellets, while the pelletizing agent determines the surface properties of the pellets, but has no effect on the properties of the composition body.
Such pellets are suitable for use in molding, particularly injection molding. Suitable compositions for this treatment are:
I. An adhesive hot melt composition comprising the following ingredients:
a) at least one A-B-A type high molecular weight triblock copolymer and
b) a plasticizer, and
II. Pelletizing agent
Including
The pelletizing agent substantially surrounds the tacky hot melt composition so that the resulting molded article has a soft, non-blocking and substantially tack free surface. If desired, other compatible block copolymers can be added, such as radial block copolymers, diblock copolymers, other triblock copolymers, and the like. Preferably, the tacky hot melt composition comprises about 97 to about 99.9% by weight of the molded article, more preferably about 99 to about 99.9%.
All molded articles made from this composition retain a substantially tack-free surface and exhibit elastic resilience characteristics. For such molded articles, drum pads useful as sound deadening pads for damping percussion surfaces of disc players, earphones, and electronic drum kits; soles, insoles, inline skate soles, etc .;
Pads used in competition equipment, such as mouse pads, protective materials, encapsulating materials for other hard protective pads; bicycle seats, gloves, bicycle shorts, etc .; medical devices such as wheelchair pads, donut-shaped seats Furniture pads such as mattress pads and chair pads; products with special effects, such as products useful in the film industry, such as body parts, abdomen of Santa Claus and synthetic skin; bandages, especially for burns Of bandages are included. The remaining components of the composition other than the pelletizing agent determine the overall properties of the pellet body and the molded product from the pellet, while the pelletizing agent determines the properties of the molded product surface produced from this pellet as well as the pellet surface. To do.
The present invention also discloses a method for producing an underwater pellet of a pellet-type adhesive hot-melt composition, which uses a pelletizing agent to produce a pellet having a non-blocking and flexible substantially non-tacky surface. To do. This method varies slightly depending on the amount of the plasticizer for each product, and includes the following steps.
a) mixing each hot melt component to form a substantially uniform hot melt mixture;
b) passing a substantially uniform hot melt mixture through a die to form a substantially uniform hot melt ribbon, and then forming pellets from the substantially uniform ribbon;
c) solidify the resulting pellets by using a cooling medium,
d) The pelletizing agent is applied at a predetermined time during the pelletizing process.
The pellets can be produced with the desired dimensions. Preferably, the pellets are substantially spherical and their dimensions are about 1/8 to about 3/8 inch (about 3 mm to about 10 mm) in diameter for easy handling. The pellet may be an ellipsoid or a cylinder. Suitable dimensions for these forms may be from about 3 mm to about 10 mm to about 10 mm × 20 mm.
Description of drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph plotting the storage modulus of the products of Examples 1-4 as a function of temperature.
Detailed description of preferred embodiments
The pelletized polymer composition of the present invention can exhibit a characteristic spectrum ranging from compositions exhibiting pressure sensitive adhesive properties to compositions suitable for molding non-tacky products. The polymer composition used for pressure sensitive applications is about 5 × 106dyn / cm2Or smaller storage modulus G '(about 25 ° C), preferably about 1 x 10Fourdyn / cm2~ About 5 × 106dyn / cm2And a storage elastic modulus G ′ of about 25 ° C. On the other hand, polymer compositions useful for molding applications are about 5 × 106dyn / cm2Storage modulus greater than. The storage elastic modulus G 'is measured using Rheometrics Scientific Dynamic Mechanical Spectrometer Model # RDS7700.
Thermoplastic polymers useful in the present invention include ABA triblock copolymers, AB diblock copolymers, ABABAB multiblock copolymers, radial block copolymers and their grafted variants, ethylene homopolymers, copolymers and terpolymers, Propylene copolymers and terpolymers, and mixtures thereof are included. Radial block copolymers include block copolymers in the form of a Y shape or a star shape. A-B-A type block copolymers useful in the present invention are the polymers described in US Pat. No. 4,136,699 (Collins et al., Issued Jan. 30, 1979), the disclosure of which is incorporated herein. Examples include KratonTM The G series (commercially available from Shell Chemical Co. (Houston, TX)) is included. Various grades are available on the market: KratonTM G-1726, KratonTM G-1650, KratonTM G-1651, KratonTM G-1652, KratonTM G-1657 (all saturated A-B diblock / A-B-A triblock (ethylene / butylene midblock) mixtures); KratonTM D-1112 (High content AB type diblock linear styrene-imprene-styrene polymer); KratonTM D-1107 and KratonTM D-1111 (mainly ABA type triblock linear styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer); Kraton D-4433X (linear SIS block copolymer with 30% oil content) and Kraton D-1184 (high molecular weight SBS block copolymer) (Both are commercially available from Shell Chemical Co.); StereonTM 840A and StereonTM 841A (A-B-A-B-A-B multi-block SBS block copolymer, commercially available from Firestone, Akron, Ohaio); EuropreneTM Sol T-193B (linear SIS block copolymer, commercially available from Enichem Elastomer, New York, NY); EuropreneTM Sol T-190 (linear styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer) and EuropreneTM Sol T-163 (radial SBS block copolymer) (both commercially available from Enichem Elastomers); VectorTM 4461-D (linear SBS block copolymer, commercially available from Exxon Chemical Co., Houston, Texas); VectorTM 4111, 4211 and 4411 (fully coupled linear SIS block copolymers containing different weight percentages of styrene end blocks); VectorTM 4113 (highly coupled SIS block copolymer, commercially available from Exxon Chemical Co.); DPX-550, EPX-551 and DPX-552 (radial SIS block copolymers, commercially available from Dexco Polymers (Houston, Texas)). The present invention is not limited to the above list. A number of grade block copolymers are commercially available from various suppliers of pressure sensitive hot melt adhesives, and these polymers can be used alone or in any desired combination. These polymers can be used at about 5 to about 90% by weight in the polymer composition.
A polymer composition suitable for molding applications is any of the above polymers having a high molecular weight, preferably a weight average molecular weight greater than about 200,000 (measured by gel permeation chromatography, as reported for styrene standards). May be included. The polymer is preferably a substantially linear copolymer of the ABA type. Here, the A block may be polystyrene and the B block may be ethylene-butylene, ethylene-propylene, isoprene, butadiene or a mixture thereof, and preferably the B block is ethylene-butylene or ethylene-propylene. This kind of polymer, for example KratonTM G-1651 is twice the molecular weight of styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene (S-EB-S) commonly used in the hot melt adhesive industry. The copolymer is present in the polymer composition in an amount of about 2 to about 20% by weight, preferably about 5 to about 20% by weight.
Other low molecular weight block copolymers can also be used with such high molecular weight block copolymers. Examples include TKG-101 and RP-6912 (Shell Chemical), ABA type triblock copolymer, AB type diblock copolymer, ABABAB type multiblock copolymer, radial block copolymer, and grafted variants of these copolymers Is included. Such A-B-A type block copolymers are disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,136,699 to Collins et al. Some block copolymers are commercially available from Kraton from Shell Chemical Co.TM G series, which is an S-EB-S block copolymer.
Other useful polymers include attack poly α-olefins such as Rextac, commercially available from Rexene Products Co. (Dallas, Texas).TMRT-2280, RT-2315 and RT-2585, for example, which include various amounts of ethylene and ethylene and at least one C2~ C20having a homogenous linear or substantially linear copolymer with an α-olefin, and the copolymer is further characterized by having a polydispersity of less than about 25. As a polymer, ExactTM 5008 (ethylene-butene copolymer), Exxpol SLP-0394TM(Ethylene-propylene copolymer) and ExactTM 3031 (ethylene-hexene copolymer), all commercially available from Dow Chemical Co. (Midland, MI). These polymers are KratonTM When used with a block copolymer such as G-1651, it must be used at a low concentration to maintain compatibility without forming a phase-separated or heterogeneous gel-like composition. Its concentration can be as low as 5% by weight in the composition.
Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, eg ElvaxTM 410 (14% vinyl acetate / 400 melt index copolymer) and ElvaxTM 210 (28% vinyl acetate / 400 melt index copolymer) (both commercially available from DuPont Chemical Co. (Wilmington, DE)), EscoreneTM UL 7505 (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer commercially available from Exxon Chemical Co.), UltratheneTM Other suitable polymers, including UE 64904 (commercially available from Quantum Chemical Co. (USI Divislon, Cincinnati, OH)) and AT 1850M (commercially available from AT Polymers & Film Co. (Charlotte, North Carolina)) are also contemplated by the present invention. It can be used in polymer compositions. Copolymers of ethylene and methyl acrylate (methacrylate as well as acrylate) are also availableTM TC-140, XS-93.04 and TC-221 (commercially available from Exxon Chemical Co.); LotrylTM 28 MA 175 and 35 MA 05 1000 (commercially available from Elf Atochem North America (Philadelphia, Pa.)) Are useful. Ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer is also known as Chevron (trade name EmacTM) And Quantum Chemical Co. (trade name Acrythene)TM). Copolymers of ethylene and n-butyl acrylate are also useful in the adhesive of the present invention. They are available from Quantum Chemical Co. (trade name Enathene).TMFor example, EA 80808, EA 89821 and EA 89822), Elf Atochem North America (trade name Lotryl)TM, Eg 35 BA 900 and 35 BA 1000), Exxon Chemical Co. (trade name Escorene)TMFor example, XW-23.AH and XW-22). These polymers are KratonTM When used with certain block copolymers such as G-1651, it must be used at low concentrations.
The polymer composition can include a tackifying resin. The tackifying resin is suitable for use in a pressure-sensitive hot melt composition, but may or may not be used in a molded article composition. Tackifying resins useful in the present invention include aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons and modified hydrocarbons and hydrogenated derivatives; terpenes and modified terpenes and hydrogenated derivatives; rosins and modified rosins and hydrogenated derivatives; and Mixtures thereof are included. These tackifying resins have a ring and ball softening point of about 70-150 ° C. Tackifying resins can also be used at different levels of hydrogenation, i.e. saturation. A useful example is EastotacTM H-100, H-115 and H-130 (commercially available from Eastman Chemical Co. (Kingsport, TN)) (partially hydrogenated cycloaliphatic petroleum hydrocarbon resins having different softening points) are included. This is available as E grade, R grade, L grade and W grade. These have different hydrogenation levels, ie low to high hydrogenation hydrocarbons. E grade has a bromine number of 15, R grade has a bromine number of 5, L grade has a bromine number of 3, and W grade has a bromine number of 1. EastotacTM H-142R resin is also commercially available. Other useful tackifying resins include Escorez 1310 LC (aliphatic hydrocarbon resin), EscorezTM 5300 and EscorezTM 5400 (partially hydrogenated alicyclic petroleum hydrocarbon resin), and EscorezTM 5600 (partially hydrogenated aromatic modified petroleum hydrocarbon resin) (all available from Exxon Chemical Co., Houston, TX), WingtackTM Extra (aliphatic, aromatic petroleum hydrocarbon resin, commercially available from Goodyear Chemical Co. (Akron, OH)), HercoliteTM 2100 (partially hydrogenated alicyclic petroleum hydrocarbon resin, commercially available from Hercules (Wilmington, DE)), and
Plasticizers useful in the present invention include mineral oils, petroleum oils, liquid resins, liquid elastomers, polybutenes, polyisobutylenes, functionalized oils such as glycerol trihydroxyoleate and other fatty oils, and mixtures thereof. Is included.
In a broad sense, the plasticizer is a typical organic composition that can be added to a resin such as a thermoplastic resin or rubber to improve the extrudability, flexibility, workability and stretchability of the final adhesive. It is defined that there is. Any material that flows at ambient temperature and is compatible with the block copolymer can be used.
General-purpose plasticizers are oils mainly composed of hydrocarbon oils having a low aromatic content and exhibiting paraffin or naphthenic properties. This oil is preferably low in volatility, transparent and as little as possible in color and odor. The present invention also contemplates the use of olefin oligomers, low molecular weight polymers, vegetable oils and their derivatives, and similar plasticizing oils.
Examples of useful plasticizers include CalsolTM 5120 (Petroleum naphthenic oil, commercially available from Calumet Lubricants Co. (Indianapolis, IN)), KaydolTM White Mineral Oil (paraffinic mineral oil, commercially available from Witco Corp. (New York, NY)), ParapolTM 1300 (liquid butene homopolymer, commercially available from Exxon Chemical Co. (Houston, TX)), IndopolTM H-300 (liquid butene homopolymer, commercially available from Amoco Corp. (Chicago, IL)), EscorezTM 2520 (liquid aromatic petroleum hydrocarbon resin with a pour point of 20 ° C, available from Exxon Chemical Co.), RegalrezTM 1018 (liquid hydrogenated aromatic hydrocarbon resin with a pour point of 18 ° C, commercially available from Hercules Inc. (Chicago, IL)), and SylvatacTM 5N (modified rosin ester liquid resin, pour point 5 ° C., commercially available from Arizona Chemical Co. (Panama City, FL.)). Those skilled in the art will find that all naphthenic process oils of 500 seconds or 1200 seconds are useful. These plasticizers are useful in amounts of about 0 to about 50% by weight for hot melt pressure sensitive compositions, up to about 98% by weight, preferably up to about 90% by weight in molding compositions. is there.
Pelletizing agents are used to change the surface properties of the pellets. In general, it is not desirable to maintain adhesiveness for molded articles produced by methods such as injection molding. Surprisingly, a small amount of pelletizing agent can render the surface of the pellet substantially non-tacky. The pelletizing agent does not change the end use properties of the adhesive composition, as in a composition used as a pressure sensitive hot melt adhesive, and as in the case of a composition used for molding applications. The physical properties of the adhesive composition are not changed.
The pelletizing agent is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene wax, modified polyethylene wax, polyamide wax and stearamide wax. Numerous other waxes or pelletizing agents not included in the following list are also useful in the present invention if the resulting pellet surface is non-tacky. A suitable wax is Acrawax CTM(Stearamide wax, commercially available from Lonza, Inc. (Fairlawn, NJ)); CastorTM(Hydroxy wax) and ParicinTM(Hydroxyamide wax) (commercially available from Caschem (Bayonne, NJ)); NeptuneTM 968 (commercially available from Shamrock Technologies (Newark, NJ)); ShamrockTMS-395 (polyethylene wax (commercially available from Shamrock Technologies); and Hoechst)TM Wax PED 121 (modified polyethylene, commercially available from Hoechst Celanese (Somerville, NJ)). More preferably, these pelletizing agents are polyethylene wax and are introduced in powder form. The pelletizing agent is present in an amount of about 0.1 to about 3% by weight, preferably about 0.1 to about 1% by weight. This amount is comparable to or less than the packaging film of the prior art packaging method. It is considered that the use temperature of the adhesive hot melt composition controls whether the surface of the adhesive hot melt composition returns to a substantially non-adhesive state after pellet melting and re-solidification. .
Stabilizers or antioxidants can also be used in the polymer composition. These substances are added to prevent decomposition of the residual catalyst from raw materials such as tackifier resins and adhesives induced by reaction with oxygen induced by light or heat. Such antioxidants are commercially available from Ciba-Geigy (Hawthorne, NY) and include IrganoxTM 565, IrganoxTM 1010 and IrganoxTM 1076 (all hindered phenolic antioxidants) are included. These are primary antioxidants that act as free radical scavengers, either alone or with other antioxidants (eg, IrgafosTM 168, commercially available from Ciba-Geigy). Phosphite antioxidants are considered secondary antioxidants and are primarily used as peroxide decomposers and are generally not used alone, but in combination with other antioxidants. Other commercially available antioxidants are CyanoxTM LTDP (thioether antioxidant, commercially available from Cytec Industries (Stamford, CT)), EthanoxTM330 (a hindered phenolic antioxidant, commercially available from Albemarle, Baton Rouge, LA). A number of other antioxidants are also available for use alone or in combination with other antioxidants. Since these substances are added to the hot melt in a small amount of up to about 2% by weight in the pressure-sensitive hot melt adhesive, the physical properties of the adhesive are not affected.
Other substances that can be added without affecting the physical properties of the adhesive are, for example, pigments for coloring, fluorescent agents, substances for odor masking, and fillers. Such additives are known to those skilled in the art.
The filler is obtained in the form of a granular material, a fiber material, or a powder material, but may be any material as long as it does not interfere with the action of other components in the adhesive. Certain examples include calcium carbonate, ceramics, glass, silica, quartz, mica, treated clay, titanium dioxide, boron nitride, graphite, carbon black, metal, barium, sulfate, talc and mixtures thereof. Such additives are known to those skilled in the art.
As described above, the obtained pellet is soft, non-blocking, substantially free of surface tack, and exhibits elastic repulsion. This last characteristic can be measured by the elastic modulus or storage elastic modulus G '. A material is more likely to return to its original form if its modulus is higher. When the amount of high molecular weight triblock copolymer is low, the formed pellets resemble gels. Pellets have some kind of elastic repulsion but tend to retain the same physical properties over a wide temperature range or over a long period of time. Such pellets are suitable for producing shaped articles such as Santa Claus abdomen. When the amount of copolymer added is high, the pellets formed have a high modulus and quickly return to their original form. This pellet is more suitable for producing shaped articles such as drum pads.
Also compatible polymers or copolymers as described above can be added to modify the properties of the pellets. These compatible polymers are generally of low molecular weight, and pellets made with a given amount of high molecular weight triblock copolymer are made using the same amount of a blend of this high molecular weight copolymer and a low molecular weight compatible polymer or copolymer. The elastic repulsion force is higher than the pellets. Accordingly, these compatible polymers or copolymers are added to suit the final application or use.
These pellets are suitable for use in molding, particularly injection molding. Suitable compositions for such processes are:
I. An adhesive hot melt composition comprising the following ingredients:
a) at least one A-B-A type high molecular weight triblock copolymer and
b) a plasticizer, and
II. Pelletizing agent
And the pelletizing agent substantially surrounds the adhesive composition such that the molded article is soft and non-blocking and does not substantially exhibit surface tack. If desired, other polymers such as diblock copolymers or other triblock copolymers can be added. Preferably, the tacky hot melt composition comprises about 97 to about 99.9% by weight of the molded article, preferably about 99 to about 99.9% by weight.
Any molded article made from the composition retains a substantially non-tacky surface and elastic resilience characteristics. For such molded products, drum pads that are useful as sound deadening pads to control disc players, earphones and percussion instrument surfaces of electronic drum kits; soles, insoles, inline skate soles, etc .; used for competition equipment Pads, such as mouse pads, protective materials, encapsulating materials for other hard protective pads; bicycle seats, gloves, bicycle shorts, etc .; medical devices such as wheelchair pads, donut seat pads, etc .; Furniture pads, such as mattress pads, chair pads, etc .; products with special effects, such as products useful in the movie industry, such as parts of the body or the abdomen of Santa Claus. The pelletizing agent used in the present invention, unlike the prior art, is such that the pelletizing agent substantially completely surrounds the adhesive composition and exhibits substantially no surface tackiness upon cooling. Bloom the surface during the molding process. This is because the amount of pelletizing agent used in the composition of the present invention is small, and according to the teachings of the prior art, the amount of pelletizing agent should not substantially impair the properties of the composition body. And it is surprising because the surface properties should not be changed.
The present invention further discloses a process for making pellets of all compositions of the present invention. The production method can be changed only slightly for each product depending on the amount of plasticizer. According to the method of the present invention, the product is pelletized at the end of each pass through multiple passes through a co-rotating twin screw extruder and then fed back into the extruder to add plasticizer. . A composition containing 90% or more of a plasticizer requires three passes, whereas if the plasticizer loading is low, only two passes are necessary. It is important to note that after both passes, the material is pelletized with a pelletizing agent. The concentration of the pelletizing agent in the water may range from about 0.1 to about 3% by weight, preferably from about 0.1 to about 1% by weight, based on the expected production rate for each pass. A particularly suitable manufacturing method includes the following steps.
a) mixing each hot melt component to form a substantially uniform hot melt mixture;
b) passing the substantially uniform hot melt mixture through a die having a series of circular pattern of holes to form a substantially uniform series of ribbons;
c) The substantially uniform hot melt ribbon is passed through a rotating blade placed substantially parallel to the die and cut to form pellets, and then
d) using a liquid cooling medium containing a pelletizing agent and circulating the cooling medium to a die and a rotating blade on the side where the substantially uniform hot melt ribbon is discharged to substantially solidify the pellets;
e) Send the hot melt pellets to the drying area,
f) Substantially remove liquid from hot melt pellets by blowing.
As described above, the pelletizing agent is present in the cooling medium. Also, by simultaneously feeding the pelletizing agent solution with the hot melt composition, the pelletizing agent can be added to the hot melt composition before blending or during the pelletizing process.
As noted above, as is well known in the art, stabilizers or antioxidants can also be added in small amounts to the composition and do not affect other physical properties of the composition. Other materials that can be added without affecting the physical properties are color pigments, fluorescent agents and odor masking agents. Such additives are known to those skilled in the art.
Next, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated in more detail, this invention is not limited to these.
Example
Test method
1. Melt viscosity
The melt viscosity of the hot melt adhesive was measured with a Brookfield Viscosmeter Model DV-II + using either a 21 or 27 spindle.
2.Specific gravity
Specific gravity was measured using isopropyl alcohol as a liquid according to ASTM D792 test method.
3.Mettler softening point
The Mettler softening point was measured using the ASTM D3461 test method.
4. Dynamic temperature process
The storage elastic modulus G ′ (25 ° C.) and Tg were measured using a rheometer (Rheometrics Scientific Dynamic Mechanical Spectrometer Model # RDS7700). The parallel plate used had a diameter of 25 mm and a gap of 1.502 mm. The apparatus was set to a frequency of 10 rad / sec, and the temperature scan was performed at 180 to -50 ° C.
5. Bloom gel meter
The rigidity of the sample was measured using a gel meter (Precision Bloom Gelometer Catalog No. 68705).
Examples 1-4
The following compositions are shown for illustrative purposes only.
From the components listed in Table 1, the composition of the present invention useful as an adhesive hot melt composition was produced.
Although these examples show the physical properties achieved with this type of hot melt composition, there are numerous compositions with different physical properties.
Examples 1 and 2 illustrate the present invention using a high molecular weight, substantially linear, ABA type block copolymer. Examples 3 and 4 illustrate the use of a blend of a high molecular weight block copolymer and another block copolymer. These examples illustrate compositions useful for molded articles. The dynamic temperature process specifically explains this. Please refer to FIG.
Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Example A
Examples 5 and 6 show compositions that can be used as pressure sensitive hot melt adhesives. Comparative Example A is an example of a composition in which G ′ is outside the parameters specified for the pressure sensitive hot melt adhesive composition. From Table 4, it can be seen that in order to be within the pressure-sensitive characteristic range, the temperature of G ′ must be increased to about 100 ° C.
Claims (4)
a)5〜99重量%の熱可塑性ポリマー、
b)10〜65重量%の粘着付与樹脂および
c)0〜50重量%の可塑剤、および
II.上記ホットメルト組成物を実質的に囲むペレット化剤0.1〜3重量%を含むペレット状のポリマー組成物であって、
前記ホットメルト組成物は、5×106dyn/cm2またはそれよりも小さい貯蔵弾性率G’(25℃)を有し、
各ペレットは、実質的に不粘着性の表面を有することを特徴とするポリマー組成物。I. 97-99.9% by weight of an adhesive hot melt composition containing the following ingredients:
a) 5 to 99% by weight of thermoplastic polymer,
b) 10-65% by weight tackifying resin and c) 0-50% by weight plasticizer, and
II. A pelletized polymer composition comprising 0.1 to 3 wt% of a pelletizing agent substantially surrounding the hot melt composition,
The hot melt composition has a storage modulus G ′ (25 ° C.) of 5 × 10 6 dyn / cm 2 or less,
A polymer composition, wherein each pellet has a substantially tack-free surface.
a)200,000を超える重量平均分子量を有する、A-B-A型の高分子量ブロックコポリマー2〜20重量%、
b)相溶性の可塑剤20〜98重量および
c)相溶性のポリマー0〜30重量%、および
II.ペレット化剤0.1〜3重量%
を含むペレット状のポリマー組成物であって、
このポリマー組成物は、ペレットの溶融前並びに溶融及び再固化の後に不粘着性の表面を有することを特徴とするポリマー組成物。I. 97-99.9% by weight of an adhesive hot melt composition containing the following ingredients:
a) 2-20% by weight of an ABA-type high molecular weight block copolymer having a weight average molecular weight greater than 200,000,
b) 20-98 weights of compatible plasticizer and c) 0-30 weight percent of compatible polymer, and
II. Pelletizing agent 0.1 to 3% by weight
A pellet-shaped polymer composition comprising
The polymer composition is characterized in that it has a tack-free surface before the pellets are melted and after melting and resolidification.
a)各ホットメルト成分を混合して、実質的に均一な混合物を形成し、
b)実質的に均一な混合物をダイに通して、実質的に均一なリボンを形成し、次いで実質的に均一なリボンからペレットを形成し、
c)得られたペレットを、冷却媒体基準に濃度0.3〜3重量%のペレット化剤を含む冷却媒体の使用によって固化させ、
d)ペレットを冷却媒体から分離し、次いで
e)ペレットから水分を実質的に除去する
ことを特徴とする方法。A method for producing the polymer composition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising:
a) mixing each hot melt component to form a substantially uniform mixture;
b) passing the substantially uniform mixture through a die to form a substantially uniform ribbon, and then forming pellets from the substantially uniform ribbon;
c) the obtained pellets are solidified by using a cooling medium containing a pelletizing agent with a concentration of 0.3 to 3% by weight on the basis of the cooling medium;
d) separating the pellet from the cooling medium and then e) substantially removing moisture from the pellet.
a)少なくとも1つのA-B-A型の高分子量トリブロックコポリマーおよび、
b)可塑剤、および
II.ペレット化剤
を含むペレット状のポリマー組成物から成形される成形品であって、
前記ペレット化剤は、この成形品が柔軟で非ブロッキング性であってかつ実質的に不粘着性の表面を有するように、前記粘着性ホットメルト組成物を実質的に囲む
ことを特徴とする成形品。I. An adhesive hot melt composition comprising the following ingredients:
a) at least one ABA type high molecular weight triblock copolymer; and
b) a plasticizer, and
II. A molded article molded from a pellet-shaped polymer composition containing a pelletizing agent,
The pelletizing agent substantially surrounds the adhesive hot melt composition so that the molded article has a soft, non-blocking and substantially non-stick surface. Goods.
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US55900695A | 1995-11-16 | 1995-11-16 | |
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JP2000502120A JP2000502120A (en) | 2000-02-22 |
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JP52053997A Expired - Fee Related JP3792724B2 (en) | 1995-11-16 | 1996-11-18 | Pellet polymer composition |
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US (2) | US5869555A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0861285B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3792724B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1193068C (en) |
AU (1) | AU719936B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9611968A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2239983C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69635829D1 (en) |
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-
1996
- 1996-11-18 US US08/751,828 patent/US5869555A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-18 DE DE69635829T patent/DE69635829D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-18 CA CA002239983A patent/CA2239983C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-11-18 JP JP52053997A patent/JP3792724B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-11-18 WO PCT/US1996/018507 patent/WO1997019582A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-11-18 BR BR9611968A patent/BR9611968A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-11-18 EP EP96941387A patent/EP0861285B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-18 AU AU10546/97A patent/AU719936B2/en not_active Ceased
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1998
- 1998-08-31 US US09/143,757 patent/US5942569A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2001
- 2001-01-22 CN CNB011015225A patent/CN1193068C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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AU719936B2 (en) | 2000-05-18 |
CN1193068C (en) | 2005-03-16 |
EP0861285B1 (en) | 2006-02-15 |
JP2000502120A (en) | 2000-02-22 |
US5942569A (en) | 1999-08-24 |
DE69635829D1 (en) | 2006-04-20 |
US5869555A (en) | 1999-02-09 |
EP0861285A2 (en) | 1998-09-02 |
AU1054697A (en) | 1997-06-19 |
WO1997019582A2 (en) | 1997-06-05 |
CN1314433A (en) | 2001-09-26 |
WO1997019582A3 (en) | 1997-07-03 |
BR9611968A (en) | 1999-07-13 |
CA2239983A1 (en) | 1997-06-05 |
CA2239983C (en) | 2002-07-30 |
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