JP3786494B2 - Railway vehicle axle, wheel axle inspection system, wheel axle management method and data carrier mounting method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an axle of a railway vehicle that can be easily maintained and inspected, a method of attaching a data carrier to the axle, an axle inspection system and an axle management method used during maintenance and inspection.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, at the time of manufacturing and inspection of a wheel shaft of a railway vehicle, an axle management code or the like is manually stamped on a side surface portion of the axle using a punch. That is, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), the axle 1 is provided with wheels 2 on both sides to constitute an axle. FIG. 8 (b) is an enlarged view of the axle end portion 3, and FIG. 8 (c) is a side view thereof. As shown in these figures, a center pilot hole 4 having a conical cross section is formed at the center of the side surface of the axle end 3 as shown in the drawing. An axle management code is engraved around the pilot hole at the time of inspection as shown in the figure. When the wheel shaft is inspected, the axle management code 6 stamped on the side surface of the axle is visually confirmed, and the operator records the code on an inspection record sheet or the like. Then, perform the prescribed inspections and inspections, record the inspection process implementation status, inspection results, measurement results, etc., and then record the axle management code and inspection process on the inspection record sheet etc. on the wheel axle management system via the system terminal The implementation status, inspection results, measurement results, and the like are input.
[0003]
Further, as described in JP-A-7-120443, an ultrasonic flaw inspection that is a non-destructive inspection of an axle is performed as one of the inspection processes of the axle. In the ultrasonic flaw detection inspection, an ultrasonic signal is given from one of the axles, and the presence or absence of a defect is determined based on the level of the reflected wave echo of the ultrasonic wave from the other end. Conventionally, after such an ultrasonic flaw detection inspection, a result is engraved on a flaw detection inspection table 7 made of a strip-shaped metal sheet and wound around an axle.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such a conventional wheel axle management system, it is necessary to stamp the axle management code etc. on the axle manually, so there is a concern about the occurrence of a marking error, and there is a possibility of injury if the punching work at the time of marking is mistaken. There was a drawback of being. In addition, there is a drawback that the tracing operation is frequently repeated, such as an error in confirming the axle management code engraved at the time of inspection, an error in filling in the inspection record sheet, and an input error in the wheel shaft management system.
[0005]
Further, in the ultrasonic flaw detection inspection performed as one process of the wheel shaft inspection, the management code or the like is directly stamped on the axle, so that the surface of the axle end portion 3 is burred or flashed by the marking. In order to remove this, it is necessary to perform a sanding operation, and there is a problem in that the number of pre-inspection processes increases. Furthermore, since the carton management code or the like is stamped on the flaw detection surface or the reflection surface, the ultrasonic flaw detection is attenuated.
[0006]
In the conventional ultrasonic inspection, the inspection result is engraved on a new inspection table 7, and the inspection table is wound after that. For this reason, there has been a drawback in that an imprinting error when imprinting the inspection result on the flaw detection inspection table or a mounting error of the flaw detection inspection table may occur.
[0007]
The present invention has been made paying attention to such a conventional problem, and it is not necessary to engrave a management code directly on the axle or to attach a flaw detection inspection table, and to easily and reliably manage the axle. It is an object of the present invention to provide an axle and wheel axle inspection system and an axle management method that can be performed.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of claim 1 of the present application comprises a memory having an area for holding at least a unique axle management code for identifying an axle and a wheel inspection result, a memory control means for writing data to or reading data from the memory, and A data carrier for receiving commands and data sent from the outside and transmitting data read by the memory control means to the outside, and a data carrier attached to the axle at the axle end of the railway vehicle; , Pass / fail judgment means for discriminating pass / fail based on inspection data obtained from an axle inspection device for inspecting an axle and at least an axle including wheels, and data transmitted from the data carrier by transmitting a command and data to the data carrier And a terminal device for writing the discrimination result to the memory of the data carrier. The data carrier is attached to a center pilot hole formed at a center position of an axle end portion of a railway vehicle, and the data carrier is attached to the center pilot hole such that the center axis of the axle coincides with the center of the data carrier. It is what.
[0009]
In the invention according to claim 2 of the present application, the data carrier is substantially the same as the diameter of the depression so as to protrude from the center pilot hole into the depression of the center pilot hole whose center coincides with the center axis of the axle at the end of the axle. In particular, a data carrier having the same diameter is embedded and fixed.
[0010]
The invention of claim 3 of the present application is characterized by further comprising data storage means for reading and holding the inspection data stored in the terminal device together with the axle management code of each axle.
[0016]
According to the first to third aspects of the invention having such a feature, the data carrier is held in the center pilot hole at the center position of the axle side portion, the axle management code is held in the data carrier, and the memory Memory control means and data transmission means for writing and reading data are provided. In this way, a data carrier can be used instead of imprinting a management code or the like on the axle. Further, uptake test result data once the terminal device for each inspection, by writing to the data carrier to determine the result, it is possible to configure the wheelset inspection system with distributed control.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 (a) is a front view showing the overall configuration of the axle, FIG. 1 (b) is an enlarged view of the end of the axle shown by a broken line circle in FIG. 1 (a), and FIG. 1 (c) is a side view thereof. is there. As shown in the figure, a conical center hole 4 having a V-shaped cross section is provided on the side wall of the axle end 3 of the wheel 1. The center axis of the center pilot hole 4 and the center axis of the axle coincide with each other, and a recess 5 is further formed inwardly at the center. In the present embodiment, a data carrier 12 used for the wheel shaft inspection system 11 is embedded in the recess 5. At this time, the center axis of the axle and the center axis of the data carrier 12 are made to coincide with each other.
[0018]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the data carrier 12 and the terminal device 21 of the wheel shaft inspection system according to the embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the data carrier 12 has a resonance circuit 13 composed of a coil L1 and a capacitor C, and a power supply circuit 14, a demodulation circuit 15 and a modulation circuit 16 are connected to the resonance circuit 13. The power supply circuit 14 rectifies and smoothes the signal obtained by the resonance circuit 13 and supplies power to each part in the data carrier 12. The demodulating circuit 15 demodulates commands and data obtained from the terminal device and supplies them to the memory control unit 17. As will be described later, the memory control unit 17 writes or reads data in the memory 18 based on commands and data obtained from the demodulation circuit 15. Data read from the memory 18 is converted into a serial signal and supplied to the modulation circuit 16. The modulation circuit 16 transmits a signal to the terminal device side by controlling both ends of the resonance circuit 13 in a short-circuit state, for example. The resonance circuit 13, the demodulation circuit 15, and the modulation circuit 16 of the data carrier 12 receive data and commands from a terminal device, which will be described later, and apply the data and commands to the memory control unit 17 and transmit the data read from the memory control unit 17 It constitutes a transmission means.
[0019]
2 includes a control unit 22, a transmission circuit 23, a reception circuit 24, a memory 25, a display unit 26, an operation unit 27, and an I / O interface 28. The transmission circuit 23, the reception circuit 24, the transmission coil L1, and the reception coil L3 may be separated from the main body of the terminal device 21 as a read / write head 21R and connected via a cable. The transmission circuit 23 has a transmission coil L2. The transmission circuit 23 changes the duty ratio based on the transmission data when transmitting data, and interrupts the carrier at a constant duty ratio when receiving data. The receiving circuit 24 has a receiving coil L3, and receives a signal from a data carrier by determining the presence or absence of reverberation during a period in which the carrier stops when receiving a signal. The terminal device 21 is connected to an upper system terminal and an inspection device via the I / O interface 28. The I / O interface 28 is, for example, RS232C, which may transmit data between a system terminal and an inspection device in a non-contact manner using infrared rays, or transmit via a normal connector. There may be. The control unit 22 reads the axle management code from the data carrier 12 and temporarily holds the inspection data obtained from the inspection device. Then, pass / fail judgment is performed based on whether the inspection data is within a predetermined range, and the result of pass / fail judgment is written on the data carrier together with the code of the inspection process, the date and time of execution of the process, and the like. Further, the inspection result and the like are displayed on the display unit 26 in accordance with an operation from the operation unit 27. Further, the control unit 22 performs data communication with the host system terminal via the I / O interface 28, and transfers the axle management code, inspection data, etc. held in the terminal device 21 to the system terminal side. is there.
[0020]
FIG. 3 is a system configuration diagram showing the overall configuration of the wheel shaft inspection system. The wheel-shaft inspection system includes a data carrier 12 embedded in each axle and a terminal device 21 that transmits data to each other in a non-contact manner. Further, a system terminal 32 and a host computer 34, which are data storage means for holding the inspection data of each terminal device 21, may be added. The terminal device 21 is connected to the system terminal 32 via the I / O box 31. For example, the system terminal 32 is arranged for each inspection process, and data obtained through the terminal device 21 in the inspection process is once taken into the system terminal 32 via the I / O box 31 and further the data of the system terminal 32 is transmitted to the transmission line 33. It is configured to transmit to the host computer 34 via. The system terminal 32 is connected to a large number of system terminals via a transmission line 33 and is further connected to a host computer 34.
[0021]
Next, a usage example of the wheel shaft inspection system will be described. At the time of manufacture, in order to identify each axle in advance, an axle management code unique to each axle is written in the memory in the data carrier 12 and embedded in the recess 5 at the center of the axle end. FIG. 4 shows various methods for attaching the data carrier 12 to the recess 5 in the central part of the axle. The depression 5 has a size of, for example, φ5 mm and a depth of about 5 to 8 mm. A small-diameter data carrier can be sufficiently embedded in the depression 5. FIG. 4A shows a data carrier configured to have a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the recess 5 and is attached to the axle using an adhesive. Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the data carrier 12 may be embedded using a permanent magnet 41. Further, as shown in FIG. 4C, a female screw is formed in the recess 5 in advance, the cylindrical outer peripheral portion of the data carrier 12 is used as a male screw, and the data carrier 12 is engaged with the screw portion of the recess 5 and embedded. You may make it do. At this time, the central axis of the data carrier 12 is embedded so as to coincide with the central axis of the axle.
[0022]
Next, after using the axle for a certain period of time, the operation when the axle is temporarily removed from the railway vehicle for periodic inspection or the like for inspection will be described using the flowchart of FIG. 5 and the conceptual diagram showing the inspection process. As shown in FIG. 6A, first, an appearance inspection of the axle that has been transported by the transport carriage is performed. In step S1 in FIG. 5, the appearance of the axle is inspected, and if it is a non-defective product, inspection steps A, B, C,. The axle is temporarily stopped at the inspection position in each inspection process. Then, the axle management code held in the data carrier 12 of the axle is read by bringing the read / write head 21R of the terminal device 21 close to the recess 5. In each inspection process, an axle inspection is performed using a necessary inspection device. For example, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the wheel diameter of the axle is measured by the inspection device 51. At this time, the inspection result measured by the inspection device 51, that is, the wheel diameter is written into the terminal device 21 via the I / O box 52 of the inspection device 51. The terminal device 21 determines whether the axle diameter is within a predetermined range or not (step S3). Then, the inspection result is written by bringing the read / write head 21R of the terminal device 21 close to the data carrier 12 in the center hole of the axle (step S4). The inspection result is either the implementation status of process A or the quality, and the inspection date and time.
[0023]
Thus, by carrying out the same processing in each inspection process A, B... By conveying the wheel shaft to the transport carriage, the terminal device 21 accumulates inspection data and inspection results for each wheel shaft. In addition, the data carrier of the axle stores execution / non-execution of inspection processes A, B, C..., Quality of inspection results, and inspection date / time data. When the work for one day, for example, one day is finished, the terminal device 21 is mounted on the I / O box 31 shown in FIG. Then, inspection data and inspection results for each axle held in each terminal device 21 are input to the system terminal 32. In this way, it is possible to prevent human error when reading and inputting the axle management code.
[0024]
In the case of the inspection process in which the inspection is automated, the inspection device and the system terminal may be connected, and the inspection result may be written to the data carrier via the terminal device. For example, in the case of ultrasonic flaw detection, the flaw detection inspection apparatus and the system terminal 32 or the terminal device 21 may be connected, and the flaw detection result may be written in the system terminal 32 and the terminal device 21 as they are. Thereafter, the test result is written into the data carrier 12 of the axle using the terminal device 21. In this case, the inspection table for ultrasonic flaw detection can be eliminated.
[0025]
Thus, by providing the data carrier and managing the axle, it is not necessary to record the management code directly on the axle with a punch or the like, and there is no human error, and the axle management can be performed accurately and reliably.
[0026]
If any failure occurs during use, since the inspection data is stored in the data carrier embedded in each axle, the inspection state can be confirmed by reading the data using the terminal device 21. it can. FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram showing the usage state of the terminal device, and FIG. 7B is a diagram showing the display contents of the terminal device read in this way.
[0027]
In the above-described embodiment, the duty ratio of the intermittent carrier is changed between the terminal device and the data carrier when data is transmitted to the data carrier, and the reverberation is performed as a constant duty ratio when receiving a signal from the carrier. However, it is needless to say that data transmission may be performed using other communication methods such as ASK and FSK. Further, in this embodiment, data transmission can be performed without contact, but a data transmission terminal is provided on the front surface of the data carrier, and data transmission is performed mutually by making electrical contact with this terminal. You can also.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, according to the first to third aspects of the present invention, the data carrier is attached to the center pilot hole of the axle, and the axle management code is written in the data carrier. For this reason, it is not necessary to stamp the management code directly on the axle with a punch, and it is possible to reduce the steps for manufacturing and inspecting the axle. Further, since there is no marking, the attenuation at the time of ultrasonic flaw detection can be reduced, and a small defect can be detected. In addition, since the center axis of the axle and the center of the data carrier are embedded so as to coincide with each other, the influence of the moment applied to the data carrier attached to the axle during traveling of the vehicle can be reduced, and the data carrier malfunctions. And the effect that it can prevent falling off from the axle. In addition, since it is not necessary to write the axle management code or the like on the inspection table by looking at the mark, an effect that the human error can be greatly reduced can be obtained. Furthermore, if data such as inspection results are held in the data carrier, the inspection status can be read directly from the data carrier of the axle when necessary, and the response at the time of failure becomes quick. In addition, the data transmission amount between the system terminal and the host computer can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional wheel shaft management system.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of an axle, an enlarged view of an end portion of the axle, and an enlarged sectional view showing a state in which a data carrier is embedded.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a data carrier and a terminal device.
FIG. 3 is a system configuration diagram including a terminal device, a system terminal, and a host computer.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an attachment method when attaching a data carrier to an axle end.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a process of wheel shaft inspection according to this embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an inspection process at the time of wheel shaft inspection and each device at the time of inspection.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a state in which an inspection result is displayed using a terminal device.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a conventional axle and a management code stamped on a side end portion thereof.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Axle 2 Wheel 3 Axle edge part 4 Center pilot hole 5 Indentation 11 Axle management system 12 Data carrier 17 Memory control part 18, 25 Memory 21 Terminal device 22 Control part 23 Transmission circuit 24 Reception circuit 26 Display part 27 Operation part 28 I / O interface 31 I / O box 32 System terminal 33 Transmission line 34 Host computer

Claims (3)

A memory having an area for holding at least a specific axle management code for identifying an axle and a wheel inspection result, a memory control means for writing data to or reading data from the memory, and a command and data sent from the outside Data transmission means for receiving and transmitting data read out by the memory control means to the outside, and a data carrier attached to the axle at the axle end of the railway vehicle,
  Pass / fail judgment means for judging pass / fail based on inspection data obtained from an axle inspection device for inspecting an axle and at least a wheel including a wheel, and a command and data are transmitted to the data carrier, and data transmitted from the data carrier is A data transmission means for receiving, and a terminal device for writing the determination result in the memory of the data carrier,
  The data carrier is attached to a center pilot hole formed at a center position of an axle end of a railway vehicle, and the data carrier is attached to the center pilot hole so that the center axis of the axle coincides with the center of the data carrier. An axle inspection system. The data carrier is a data carrier having a diameter substantially the same as the diameter of the depression so as to protrude from the center lower hole in the depression of the center lower hole whose center coincides with the axle central axis at the end of the axle. The wheel shaft inspection system according to claim 1, wherein the shaft is embedded and fixed. The wheel axle inspection system according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising data storage means for reading and holding the inspection data stored in the terminal device together with the axle management code of each axle.

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