JP3785283B2 - Boride-based self-lubricating composite materials - Google Patents
Boride-based self-lubricating composite materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3785283B2 JP3785283B2 JP02729599A JP2729599A JP3785283B2 JP 3785283 B2 JP3785283 B2 JP 3785283B2 JP 02729599 A JP02729599 A JP 02729599A JP 2729599 A JP2729599 A JP 2729599A JP 3785283 B2 JP3785283 B2 JP 3785283B2
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- Prior art keywords
- weight
- tungsten disulfide
- boride
- based self
- sintering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、摺動部材として使用される固体潤滑劑を含む複合材料に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来から、二硫化タングステン、二硫化モリブデンおよび黒鉛は、代表的な固体潤滑剤として知られており、これらを油やグリースに添加したり、あるいは金属、セラミックス、プラスチック材料と複合化したものが使用されている。
なお、二硫化タングステンと金属の複合材料は、二硫化タングステンの粉末と金属の粉末とを混合し、成形後、真空焼結を経て製造する方法と、ホットプレス法によって製造する方法がある。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、二硫化タングステンは焼結時に金属と反応しやすく、特に焼結温度が高い場合は潤滑性のない化合物に変化してしまう特性があるため、潤滑性が良好で、緻密な複合材料を得ることは非常に難しい。したがって、二硫化タングステンの粒度が、原料粒度の１〜２μｍのままでは使用できず、粒度を５０〜３００μｍに大きく造粒する必要があった。しかし、二硫化タングステンの粒度を大きくすることは粉末の性状から非常に面倒で、潤滑材の製造工程におけるネックになっている。また、二硫化タングステンは、微粒であるほど均一に分散した組織になって優れた潤滑特性が得られ、造粒により大きくすると特性が悪くなるが、前述のように造粒処理をしなければ複合材料を得ることができなかった。
【０００４】
本発明はこのような問題点を解決して、緻密で摩擦係数が低く、比摩耗量が小さく、あらゆる雰囲気中で使用できる固体潤滑剤を含む複合材料の提供を目的とするものである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
このため本発明は、ＷＢがＮｉ−２０Ｃｒ−３ＢおよびＮｉ−１２．７Ｂと非常に濡れ性が良く、またＮｉ−２０Ｃｒ−３ＢおよびＮｉ−１２．７Ｂの融点が１０００℃程度と低く、これらの成分を焼結助劑として作用させることにより、少ない添加量で焼結が可能になることに着目し、二硫化タングステンを２０〜６０重量％、Ｎｉ−２０Ｃｒ−３Ｂを１．５〜３．０重量％、Ｎｉ−１２．７Ｂを２．０〜３．５重量％、残りＷＢの成分で混合し、これを焼結して形成するようにしている。
したがって焼結時に反応消失する二硫化タングステンＷＳ2 の量を抑制することが可能になるとともに、ＷＳ2 を造粒することなく原料粒度のままの粒度で添加が可能である。
【０００６】
【発明の実施の形態】
二硫化タングステンを２０重量％以上６０重量％以下と、Ｎｉ−２０Ｃｒ−３Ｂを１．５重量％以上３．０重量％以下、Ｎｉ−１２．７Ｂを２．０重量％以上３．５重量％以下、残りがＷＢで混合して成形し、１０００℃以下の低温度で焼結させており、二硫化タングステンの粒度が２μｍ以下の微粒組織を呈した潤滑性に優れ、強度の高い自己潤滑性複合材料を形成させた。
【０００７】
二硫化タングステンが２０重量％未満では潤滑性のない材料になり、６０重量％を超えると材料強度が低くなって使用に耐えられないため、２０重量％以上６０重量％以下の範囲で配合する。なお、潤滑度の高い材料を要求される場合は二硫化タングステンの量を前記範囲内で多くし、強度を要求される場合は配合量を少なくする。
【０００８】
Ｎｉ−２０Ｃｒ−３Ｂは、１．５重量％以上であればＷＢの焼結を促進させるが、３．０重量％を超えるとＷＳ2 と反応して分解するため、１．５重量％以上３．０重量％以下が望ましい。また、Ｎｉ−１２．７Ｂは、２．０重量％以上でＷＢの焼結を促進させるが、３．５重量％を超えるとＷＳ2 との反応により潤滑性のない反応生成物が生じるため、２．０重量％以上３．５重量％以下が望ましい。また、焼結時、ＷＢの一部がＷに変化し、ＷＳ2 との結合を強固にする。
【０００９】
【実施例】
原料粒度の二硫化タングステン粉末２０重量％と、Ｎｉ−２０Ｃｒ−３Ｂ合金粉１．５重量％、Ｎｉ−１２．７Ｂ合金粉２．０重量％、残りをＷＢの粉末とした配合で、ボールミルで混合し、３〜５ｔｏｎ／ｃｍ2 の成形圧で成形した後、９５０℃の焼結温度で真空焼結して試料Ａを作成した。
【００１０】
同様にして、二硫化タングステン粉末４０重量％、Ｎｉ−２０Ｃｒ−３Ｂ合金粉２．０重量％、Ｎｉ−１２．７Ｂ合金粉２．５重量％、残りをＷＢの粉末とした組成で、試料Ｂを作成し、二硫化タングステン粉末６０重量％に増量し、Ｎｉ−２０Ｃｒ−３Ｂ合金粉２．５重量％、Ｎｉ−１２．７Ｂ合金粉３．０重量％、残り３４．５重量％をＷＢ粉末とした試料Ｃを作成した。
このような、本発明の範囲に属する複合材料と比較するため、配合量を範囲外とした試料Ｄ、Ｅ、Ｆ、Ｇを作成し、圧縮強度試験および摩擦摩耗試験を行い特性を評価した。各試料の組成を表１に示している。
【００１１】
【表１】
強度試験は、外形４ｍｍ、高さ４ｍｍの円柱状試験片で圧縮強さを測定し、摩擦摩耗試験は、ピンオンディスク型試験機にて評価した。試験の雰囲気は大気および真空（５×１０― 6ｔｏｒｒ）の２通りとし、雰囲気温度はそれぞれ常温および３００℃とした。なお、摩擦摩耗試験の相手材はＳＵＳ４４０Ｃとし、回転速度１５００ｒ／ｍｉｎ、荷重は１ｋｇｆの条件で面接触により摩擦係数および比摩耗量を測定した。
なお、評価基準は、それぞれ表２に示す４段階で表示することとし、各試料について試験した結果を表３に示している。
【００１３】
【表２】
【表３】
表３の実験結果に示されているように、請求範囲内の組成である試料Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃはいずれも強度が高く、大気、真空雰囲気ともに常温および３００℃における摩擦係数、摩擦摩耗特性も優れた結果を得られた。しかし、請求範囲外の組成による試料ＤはＷＳ2 が少ないため強度は大きいが、潤滑性がなく、他の試料Ｅ、Ｆ、Ｇについても満足な特性が得られなかった。
【００１６】
【発明の効果】
このように本発明によれば、実験結果からも明らかなように、強度が高く、摩擦係数、比摩耗量特性がともに低く、大気および真空中のあらゆる雰囲気で有効に使用できる自己潤滑複合材料を得ることができる。
また、低温での焼結が可能になり、二硫化タングステンを造粒することなく、原料粒度のままで添加することができる効果がある。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a composite material including a solid lubricating rod used as a sliding member.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, tungsten disulfide, molybdenum disulfide, and graphite are known as typical solid lubricants, and these are added to oil and grease, or combined with metals, ceramics, and plastic materials. Has been.
Note that a composite material of tungsten disulfide and metal includes a method in which a tungsten disulfide powder and a metal powder are mixed and manufactured by vacuum sintering after molding, and a method in which the composite material is manufactured by a hot press method.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, tungsten disulfide tends to react with metals during sintering, and especially when the sintering temperature is high, it has the property of changing to a non-lubricating compound. It is very difficult. Therefore, it cannot be used if the particle size of tungsten disulfide is 1 to 2 μm, which is the raw material particle size, and it has been necessary to granulate the particle size to a large value of 50 to 300 μm. However, increasing the particle size of tungsten disulfide is very troublesome due to the properties of the powder, and has become a bottleneck in the manufacturing process of the lubricant. Tungsten disulfide also has a finely dispersed structure that gives a more uniformly dispersed structure and gives excellent lubrication characteristics. When the particle size is increased by granulation, the characteristics deteriorate. The material could not be obtained.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to solve such problems and to provide a composite material including a solid lubricant that is dense, has a low coefficient of friction, has a small specific wear, and can be used in any atmosphere.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in the present invention, WB has very good wettability with Ni-20Cr-3B and Ni-12.7B, and the melting points of Ni-20Cr-3B and Ni-12.7B are as low as about 1000 ° C. Focusing on the fact that sintering can be performed with a small addition amount by allowing the components to act as sintering aids, tungsten disulfide is 20 to 60% by weight and Ni-20Cr-3B is 1.5 to 3.0. It is formed by mixing 2.0% to 3.5% by weight of Ni-12.7B with the components of the remaining WB, and sintering this.
Therefore, it becomes possible to suppress the amount of tungsten disulfide WS 2 that disappears during the sintering, and it is possible to add WS 2 at a raw particle size without granulating WS 2 .
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
20 to 60% by weight of tungsten disulfide, 1.5 to 3.0% by weight of Ni-20Cr-3B, 2.0 to 3.5% by weight of Ni-12.7B The rest is mixed and molded with WB and sintered at a low temperature of 1000 ° C. or less. The tungsten disulfide particle size is 2 μm or less. A composite material was formed.
[0007]
If tungsten disulfide is less than 20% by weight, it becomes a non-lubricating material, and if it exceeds 60% by weight, the material strength becomes low and cannot be used, so it is blended in the range of 20% by weight to 60% by weight. When a material with high lubricity is required, the amount of tungsten disulfide is increased within the above range, and when a strength is required, the blending amount is decreased.
[0008]
Ni-20Cr-3B promotes the sintering of WB if it is 1.5% by weight or more, but if it exceeds 3.0% by weight, it reacts with WS 2 and decomposes, so 1.5% by weight or more 3 0.0% by weight or less is desirable. Ni-12.7B promotes the sintering of WB at 2.0% by weight or more, but when it exceeds 3.5% by weight, a reaction product having no lubricity is generated by reaction with WS 2 . It is desirable to be 2.0 wt% or more and 3.5 wt% or less. Also, during sintering, a part of WB changes to W, strengthening the bond with WS 2 .
[0009]
【Example】
The composition of the raw material grain size tungsten disulfide powder 20 wt%, Ni-20Cr-3B alloy powder 1.5 wt%, Ni-12.7B alloy powder 2.0 wt%, and the rest as WB powder, After mixing and molding at a molding pressure of 3 to 5 ton / cm 2 , Sample A was prepared by vacuum sintering at a sintering temperature of 950 ° C.
[0010]
In the same manner, a sample B having a composition of 40% by weight of tungsten disulfide powder, 2.0% by weight of Ni-20Cr-3B alloy powder, 2.5% by weight of Ni-12.7B alloy powder, and the balance of WB powder was used. And increased to 60% by weight of tungsten disulfide powder, 2.5% by weight of Ni-20Cr-3B alloy powder, 3.0% by weight of Ni-12.7B alloy powder, and the remaining 34.5% by weight of WB powder. Sample C was prepared.
In order to compare with such a composite material belonging to the scope of the present invention, samples D, E, F, and G whose blending amounts were out of the range were prepared, and properties were evaluated by performing a compressive strength test and a frictional wear test. The composition of each sample is shown in Table 1.
[0011]
[Table 1]
In the strength test, the compressive strength was measured with a cylindrical test piece having an outer diameter of 4 mm and a height of 4 mm, and the friction and wear test was evaluated with a pin-on-disk type tester. Atmosphere tests atmospheric and vacuum - the two different (5 × 10 6 torr), ambient temperature was respectively normal temperature and 300 ° C.. The counterpart material of the friction and wear test was SUS440C, the friction coefficient and the specific wear amount were measured by surface contact under the conditions of a rotational speed of 1500 r / min and a load of 1 kgf.
The evaluation criteria are displayed in four stages shown in Table 2, and the results of testing each sample are shown in Table 3.
[0013]
[Table 2]
[Table 3]
As shown in the experimental results in Table 3, the samples A, B, and C, which are compositions within the claimed range, all have high strength, and the coefficient of friction and the friction and wear characteristics at normal temperature and 300 ° C. in both air and vacuum atmosphere. Excellent results were obtained. However, the sample D having a composition outside the claimed range has high strength because of less WS 2, but has no lubricity, and satisfactory characteristics were not obtained for the other samples E, F, and G.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
Thus, according to the present invention, as is clear from the experimental results, a self-lubricating composite material that has high strength, low friction coefficient, and specific wear amount characteristics, and can be used effectively in all atmospheres in the atmosphere and vacuum. Obtainable.
In addition, sintering at a low temperature is possible, and there is an effect that it is possible to add tungsten disulfide as it is without granulating tungsten disulfide.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02729599A JP3785283B2 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 1999-02-04 | Boride-based self-lubricating composite materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02729599A JP3785283B2 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 1999-02-04 | Boride-based self-lubricating composite materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000226590A JP2000226590A (en) | 2000-08-15 |
| JP3785283B2 true JP3785283B2 (en) | 2006-06-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02729599A Expired - Lifetime JP3785283B2 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 1999-02-04 | Boride-based self-lubricating composite materials |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3785283B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013108638A1 (en) | 2012-01-19 | 2013-07-25 | 日本精工株式会社 | Self-lubricating composite material and rolling bearing, linear motion device, ball screw device, linear motion guide device, and transport device using same |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006188945A (en) * | 2001-05-10 | 2006-07-20 | Hiroshi Asaka | Aseismatic door type entrance door structure |
-
1999
- 1999-02-04 JP JP02729599A patent/JP3785283B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013108638A1 (en) | 2012-01-19 | 2013-07-25 | 日本精工株式会社 | Self-lubricating composite material and rolling bearing, linear motion device, ball screw device, linear motion guide device, and transport device using same |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2000226590A (en) | 2000-08-15 |
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