JP3783261B2 - Unmelted ash spill prevention device - Google Patents

Unmelted ash spill prevention device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3783261B2
JP3783261B2 JP34989995A JP34989995A JP3783261B2 JP 3783261 B2 JP3783261 B2 JP 3783261B2 JP 34989995 A JP34989995 A JP 34989995A JP 34989995 A JP34989995 A JP 34989995A JP 3783261 B2 JP3783261 B2 JP 3783261B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
ash
furnace
slag
molten slag
prevention device
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP34989995A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH09170746A (en
Inventor
誠 尾崎
英男 増谷
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Daido Steel Co Ltd
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Daido Steel Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、都市ごみ,産業廃棄物等の焼却灰をアーク放電,プラズマアーク放電等による発熱により溶融しその溶融スラグをオーバーフロー方式により流出せる灰溶融炉において、その溶融スラグに同伴して未溶融灰が流出するのを防止する装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ごみ焼却場で排出される都市ごみ等の焼却灰には周知のように重金属等の有害物質が含まれているためにこれをアーク炉等の灰溶融炉に投入し電極間のアーク放電により加熱溶融し、その灰溶融炉より流出した溶融スラグをさらに水砕水槽に流落させ急冷により粒状に破砕させて固形化することにより重金属等をその固形化スラグ中に封入させ流出を防ぐことにより無害化する処理がなされている。
【0003】
ところで、溶融スラグをオーバーフローにより流出させる灰溶融炉においては、溶融スラグの表面に未溶融灰が浮かぶために溶融スラグが出滓口から流出するのに伴って未溶融灰が炉外に排出される可能性があり、そのために水砕水槽を汚染するおそれがあった。ところが、未溶融灰中に含まれる鉛は固形化スラグ中に封入された鉛に比べて水に溶出しやすいため、未溶融灰が溶融スラグに伴って排出されると、水砕水を通してこれらの有害物質を拡散させ易くなり、初期の汚染防止の目的が達せられないという問題があった。
また、溶融スラグ面上にはNaCl,KCl等の塩分の溶融層が薄く形成されその流出も問題となっていた。
【0004】
一方、特公平3−9393号公報に示された灰溶融炉では、出滓口に炉本体の上方より垂れ壁状に未溶融物障壁板を形成し、炉内の未溶融灰が溶融スラグに同伴して該出滓口から流出するのを防ぐようにしている。しかし、従来の係る灰溶融炉のように未溶融物障壁体を炉体の一部として一体に形成したものでは、出滓口周りの構造が複雑になるほか、障害板自体の消耗に対するメンテナンスが容易ではなくなるという問題がある。また消耗を防ぐために該障害板を冷却することも考えられたが、炉構造がさらに複雑化し現実的でない欠点があった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで本発明はこの灰溶融炉における未溶融灰等の流出を簡易に防止できる装置を提供し、上記のような従来の欠点を解消しようとするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そのために本発明は、炉本体内に装入された焼却灰を電極の放電による加熱により溶融させその溶融スラグを出滓口よりオーバーフローさせて炉外に流出させる灰溶融炉において、出滓口の上方に炉本体内の溶融スラグに向けて冷却ガスを吹付けるノズルを設け、該冷却ガスにより溶融スラグの表層を冷却させ出滓口の内壁面と連なるスラグ固形壁を形成するようにしたことを特徴とする。
また本発明は上記未溶融灰流出防止装置において、冷却ガスが水ミストを含んだガスであることを特徴とする。
さらに本発明は上記未溶融灰流出防止装置において、冷却ガスの吹付量を調節することによりスラグ固形壁の形成状態をコントロールするようにしたことを特徴とする。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に図面に従い本発明の実施の形態を説明する。図1に本発明に係る灰溶融炉を縦断面図にて示し、図2にはその水平断面図を示す。炉本体1は傾動支持装置2上に支持され、支軸部3を支点として前傾し得るように構成されている。4は炉蓋、5は該炉蓋に開設された灰投入口、6は該炉蓋を貫通して炉内に垂下させた電極、7は該炉本体1の前側に形成された出滓口である。8は灰投入口5より投入された鉛、その他の金属等の有害物質を含んだ焼却灰、9は炉底に溜った金属溶融物、10はその上に溜った溶融スラグで、焼却灰8は電極6のアーク放電による発熱で溶融しこのように炉底に溜る。
【0008】
しかして本発明では、出滓口7の上方に支持装置11を設け、該支持装置11から炉蓋4を貫通させてノズル12を炉本体1内の溶融スラグ10に向けて垂下している。そしてホース14を通してノズル12に冷却ガスを供給し該冷却ガスを吹付けることにより溶融スラグ10の表層を冷却させ該出滓口7の内壁面と連なるスラグ固形壁13を形成する。こうして出滓口7にスラグ固形壁13を形成することにより、炉本体1内の溶融スラグ10は該スラグ固形壁13の下を通過してのみ炉外に流出し得るので、該溶融スラグ10上の焼却灰8の流出を防止できる。なお、冷却ガスとしては空気あるいは窒素ガス等の不活性ガスを使用でき、そのガス中に水を噴霧して水ミストを含ませれば気化熱を奪い得るので冷却能力を向上することができる。また、スラグ固形壁13を出滓口7の内壁面と連ねさせるために図示したように複数本のノズル12を出滓口7の幅方向に並設したり、或いはノズル12を出滓口7の幅方向に移動できるように支持装置11に支持するのもよい。
またこのようにスラグ固形壁13を形成することにより溶融スラグ10面上に浮ぶNaCl,KCl等の塩分溶融層の流出を防止することもできる。
【0009】
なお、炉本体1内の溶融スラグ10の高さ水準は溶融灰量の変動等により上下するので、本発明ではその高さ水準を常に監視し冷却ガスの吹付量を調節することによりスラグ固形壁13の形成状態をコントロールし、過大なスラグ固形壁13が形成されて溶融スラグ10の流出が邪魔されたり、或いはスラグ固形壁13が小さすぎて焼却灰8が流出してしまうことのないようにする。そして、出滓量が少ない場合等に出滓口7の内壁面に溶融スラグの固形物が堆積することにより、溶融スラグ10が流出する該出滓口7の実質上の内幅が狭くなることもあるので本発明ではその状況に応じて必要充分なスラグ固形壁13を形成させる。なお、この実施形態は出滓口7に補助電極を有しないものについて説明したが、補助電極を設けたものについても適用できることは勿論である。また、この実施形態では炉本体1を傾動可能に支持したものについて説明したが、炉本体1が定置されている灰溶融炉にも適用できる。
【0010】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、簡便に未溶融灰の流出を防止でき鉛等の流出による二次公害発生のおそれをなくす有益な効果があると共に、ノズルは炉本体と別体であるので容易に脱着でき出滓口のメンテナンスに対応し易いなど種々の利点がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る灰溶融炉の縦断面図。
【図2】図1の灰溶融炉の出滓口の水平断面図。
【図3】図1のA−A線断面拡大図。
【符号の説明】
1 炉本体
6 電極
7 出滓口
8 焼却灰
10 溶融スラグ
11 支持装置
12 ノズル
13 スラグ固形壁
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is an ash melting furnace in which incineration ash such as municipal waste and industrial waste is melted by heat generated by arc discharge, plasma arc discharge, etc., and the molten slag flows out by an overflow method. The present invention relates to an apparatus for preventing ash from flowing out.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As is well known, incineration ash such as municipal waste discharged from a garbage incineration site contains heavy metals and other harmful substances, so it is put into an ash melting furnace such as an arc furnace and heated by arc discharge between electrodes. The molten slag that has melted and flowed out of the ash melting furnace is further poured into a granulated water tank, crushed into granules by rapid cooling, and solidified by encapsulating heavy metals, etc. in the solidified slag, thereby making it harmless. Processing to be done.
[0003]
By the way, in an ash melting furnace that causes molten slag to flow out by overflow, unmelted ash floats on the surface of the molten slag, so that molten slag flows out of the outlet and is discharged out of the furnace. There was a possibility, and there was a possibility of contaminating the granulated water tank. However, since lead contained in unmelted ash is more easily eluted in water than lead enclosed in solidified slag, when unmelted ash is discharged along with molten slag, There was a problem that it became easy to diffuse harmful substances and the purpose of preventing the initial contamination could not be achieved.
Further, a molten layer of salt such as NaCl or KCl is formed thinly on the surface of the molten slag, and its outflow is also a problem.
[0004]
On the other hand, in the ash melting furnace disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 3-9393, an unmelted barrier plate is formed in a drooping wall shape from the top of the furnace body at the tap outlet, and the unmelted ash in the furnace is turned into molten slag. Along with this, the outlet is prevented from flowing out. However, in the case where an unmelted barrier body is integrally formed as a part of the furnace body as in the conventional ash melting furnace, the structure around the spout is complicated, and maintenance for the consumption of the obstacle plate itself is not required. There is a problem that it is not easy. In order to prevent the exhaustion, it has been considered to cool the obstacle plate, but there is a disadvantage that the furnace structure becomes more complicated and is not practical.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, the present invention provides an apparatus that can easily prevent the outflow of unmelted ash and the like in the ash melting furnace, and intends to eliminate the above-described conventional drawbacks.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the present invention provides an ash melting furnace in which the incinerated ash charged in the furnace body is melted by heating by discharge of an electrode, and the molten slag is overflowed from the outlet and flows out of the furnace. A nozzle that blows the cooling gas toward the molten slag in the furnace body is provided above, and the surface layer of the molten slag is cooled by the cooling gas to form a slag solid wall that is continuous with the inner wall surface of the outlet. Features.
The present invention is also characterized in that, in the unmelted ash spill prevention device, the cooling gas is a gas containing water mist.
Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the unmelted ash outflow prevention device, the formation state of the slag solid wall is controlled by adjusting the amount of cooling gas sprayed.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an ash melting furnace according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view thereof. The furnace body 1 is supported on a tilting support device 2 and configured to tilt forward with the support shaft portion 3 as a fulcrum. 4 is a furnace lid, 5 is an ash charging opening provided in the furnace lid, 6 is an electrode penetrating the furnace lid and suspended in the furnace, and 7 is a spout formed on the front side of the furnace body 1 It is. 8 is an incineration ash containing harmful substances such as lead and other metals introduced from the ash inlet 5, 9 is a molten metal collected at the bottom of the furnace, 10 is a molten slag accumulated on the incineration ash 8 Is melted by the heat generated by the arc discharge of the electrode 6 and thus accumulates in the furnace bottom.
[0008]
Accordingly, in the present invention, a support device 11 is provided above the tap hole 7, and the nozzle 12 is suspended toward the molten slag 10 in the furnace body 1 through the furnace lid 4 from the support device 11. Then, a cooling gas is supplied to the nozzle 12 through the hose 14 and the cooling gas is blown to cool the surface layer of the molten slag 10, thereby forming a slag solid wall 13 continuous with the inner wall surface of the tap port 7. By forming the slag solid wall 13 at the outlet 7 in this way, the molten slag 10 in the furnace body 1 can flow out of the furnace only after passing under the slag solid wall 13. Of the incinerated ash 8 can be prevented. As the cooling gas, an inert gas such as air or nitrogen gas can be used. If water is sprayed into the gas and water mist is included, the heat of vaporization can be taken away, so that the cooling capacity can be improved. Further, in order to connect the slag solid wall 13 to the inner wall surface of the tap hole 7, a plurality of nozzles 12 are juxtaposed in the width direction of the tap hole 7 as shown in the figure, or the nozzles 12 are connected to the tap port 7. It is also possible to support the support device 11 so that it can move in the width direction.
Further, by forming the slag solid wall 13 in this way, it is possible to prevent the molten salt layer such as NaCl or KCl floating on the surface of the molten slag 10 from flowing out.
[0009]
Since the height level of the molten slag 10 in the furnace body 1 fluctuates due to fluctuations in the amount of molten ash, the present invention constantly monitors the height level and adjusts the amount of cooling gas sprayed to adjust the slag solid wall. 13 is controlled so that an excessively large slag solid wall 13 is not formed and the outflow of the molten slag 10 is obstructed, or the incinerated ash 8 does not flow out because the slag solid wall 13 is too small. To do. And, when the amount of tapping is small, the solid inner portion of the molten slag accumulates on the inner wall surface of the tapping outlet 7, so that the substantially inner width of the tapping outlet 7 from which the molten slag 10 flows out becomes narrow. Therefore, in the present invention, the necessary and sufficient slag solid wall 13 is formed according to the situation. In this embodiment, the auxiliary electrode is not provided in the spout 7, but it is needless to say that the embodiment can be applied to an auxiliary electrode provided. Moreover, although this embodiment demonstrated what supported the furnace main body 1 so that tilting was possible, it is applicable also to the ash melting furnace in which the furnace main body 1 is stationary.
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the outflow of unmelted ash can be easily prevented, and there is a beneficial effect of eliminating the possibility of secondary pollution due to the outflow of lead or the like, and the nozzle is separate from the furnace body. Therefore, there are various advantages such as easy attachment / detachment and easy maintenance of the spout.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an ash melting furnace according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of a tap outlet of the ash melting furnace of FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Furnace main body 6 Electrode 7 Outlet 8 Incineration ash 10 Molten slag 11 Support apparatus 12 Nozzle 13 Slag solid wall

Claims (3)

炉本体内に装入された焼却灰を電極の放電による加熱により溶融させその溶融スラグを出滓口よりオーバーフローさせて炉外に流出させる灰溶融炉において、出滓口の上方に炉本体内の溶融スラグに向けて冷却ガスを吹付けるノズルを設け、該冷却ガスにより溶融スラグの表層を冷却させ出滓口の内壁面と連なるスラグ固形壁を形成するようにしたことを特徴とする未溶融灰流出防止装置。In an ash melting furnace in which the incinerated ash charged in the furnace body is melted by heating by the discharge of the electrode, and the molten slag overflows from the tap and flows out of the furnace, A non-molten ash comprising a nozzle for blowing a cooling gas toward the molten slag, and cooling the surface layer of the molten slag with the cooling gas to form a slag solid wall continuous with the inner wall surface of the outlet Outflow prevention device. 冷却ガスが水ミストを含んだガスである請求項1記載の未溶融灰流出防止装置。The unmelted ash outflow prevention device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling gas is a gas containing water mist. 冷却ガスの吹付量を調節することによりスラグ固形壁の形成状態をコントロールするようにした請求項1または2に記載の未溶融灰流出防止装置。The unmelted ash outflow prevention device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the formation state of the slag solid wall is controlled by adjusting the amount of cooling gas sprayed.
JP34989995A 1995-12-20 1995-12-20 Unmelted ash spill prevention device Expired - Fee Related JP3783261B2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP34989995A JP3783261B2 (en) 1995-12-20 1995-12-20 Unmelted ash spill prevention device

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP34989995A JP3783261B2 (en) 1995-12-20 1995-12-20 Unmelted ash spill prevention device

Publications (2)

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JP3783261B2 true JP3783261B2 (en) 2006-06-07

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Cited By (2)

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JP2020139662A (en) * 2019-02-27 2020-09-03 日本製鉄株式会社 Arc type electric furnace, slag-off method for the same and molten metal manufacturing method
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JP2020139662A (en) * 2019-02-27 2020-09-03 日本製鉄株式会社 Arc type electric furnace, slag-off method for the same and molten metal manufacturing method
JP2020139661A (en) * 2019-02-27 2020-09-03 日本製鉄株式会社 Arc type electric furnace, slag-off method for the same and molten metal manufacturing method
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