JP3782216B2 - Ophthalmic equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus, and more particularly to an ophthalmologic apparatus having both a subjective and objective optometry function and a chin receiving means for fixing a jaw of a subject.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In this type of ophthalmologic apparatus, a chin rest used for fixing the subject's eye to the optometry position is arranged to be movable up and down along the end face of the body having both conscious and objective optometry modes. In particular, when an objective optometry is performed, the eye of the subject is adjusted so as to accurately face the objective lens facing the end face of the main body.
[0003]
Specifically, the examiner first places the subject's chin on the chin receiving means, makes the subject's eyes face the objective lens of the main body, and further moves the chin receiving means up and down to examine the subject. The height of the corneal apex of the examiner's eye is adjusted to match the height of the objective lens.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of the above-described conventional apparatus, when both the subjective and objective optometry functions are executed, for example, when the objective optometry mode is switched to the subjective optometry mode, the subjective optometry for the subject is performed. There is a problem that cannot be executed smoothly.
[0005]
In other words, in the subjective optometry mode, the subject is allowed to observe a subjective optometric target such as a Landolt ring, and the examiner performs a dialogue such as asking the subject about the appearance of the optometric target. In this case, if the subject's chin remains in contact with the chin rest means, the subject will be disturbed in utterance, and the subjective optometry will be disturbed. .
[0006]
Accordingly, the present invention is an ophthalmologist capable of releasing the restraint state on the subject's jaw particularly in the subjective optometry mode, and smoothly executing the subjective optometry as well as the objective optometry. The object is to provide an apparatus.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The ophthalmologic apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention has both subjective and objective optometry functions, and sets the optometry mode of either the subjective or objective optometry mode for the eye to be examined by the mode switching means. A chin receiving means movable in the vertical direction along the end face of the main body, and when the subjective optometry mode is set by the mode switching means, the subject's chin is placed. And a chin rest driving means for detaching the chin rest means below the chin of the subject.
[0008]
According to the present invention, in the case where the objective optometry mode for the eye to be examined is set and the optometry is executed in the ophthalmologic apparatus, when the mode switching means switches to the subjective optometry mode, the chin rest driving means is The chin receiving means on which the subject's chin is placed is detached below the subject's chin. As a result, the restraint state of the jaw receiving means with respect to the subject's jaw in the subjective optometry mode can be released, and the subject can freely speak, and particularly, the subjective optometry can be smoothly performed. Is possible.
[0009]
An ophthalmologic apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention has both a subjective and an objective optometry function, and sets an optometry mode of either a subjective or objective optometry mode for the eye to be examined by mode switching means. A chin rest that can move vertically along the end face of the body, and the chin rest when the mode switching means switches from the objective optometry mode to the subjective optometry mode. A chin rest drive means for lifting the chin rest to a predetermined position when the means is disengaged below the subject's chin and switched from the subjective optometry mode to the objective optometry mode. It is characterized by this.
[0010]
According to this invention, in addition to the operation of the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the subjective optometry mode is switched to the objective optometry mode, the chin rest drive means changes the chin rest means. Since it is raised and returned to the position where it comes into contact with the subject's chin, for example, when the left eye, right eye objective and subjective eye examinations are alternately repeated for both eyes of the subject, Switching between the jaw restraint state and the restraint release state can be performed smoothly, and the subjective optometry as well as the objective optometry can be performed smoothly.
[0011]
An ophthalmologic apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention has both a subjective and an objective optometry function, and sets an optometry mode of either a subjective or objective optometry mode for the eye to be examined by mode switching means. A chin receiving means movable in the vertical direction along the end face of the main body, a position monitoring means for monitoring the vertical position of the chin receiving means along the end face of the main body, and the mode When the objective is switched from the objective optometry mode to the subjective optometry mode by the switching means, the chin receiving means is disengaged below the subject's chin to change from the subjective optometry mode to the objective optometry mode. And a chin rest drive means for raising and returning the chin rest to a position in contact with the subject's chin or in the vicinity thereof based on the monitoring information of the chin rest by the position monitoring means. With .
[0012]
According to the present invention, as in the case of the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the second aspect of the invention, for example, the left-eye and right-eye objective and subjective eye examinations are alternately performed on both eyes of the eye to be examined. When repeatedly performing, it is possible to smoothly switch between the restraint state and the restraint release state of the subject's chin, and it is possible to smoothly perform subjective optometry as well as objective optometry, especially position monitoring means When the position of the chin rest means is monitored by the above and the chin rest means is raised and returned to the vicinity of the subject's chin, the chin rest means collides with the subject's jaw and surprises the subject. Can be avoided.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the ophthalmologic apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail below.
[0020]
1 to 3 includes a rectangular parallelepiped base 2 and a main body base 4 attached to the base 2 so as to be movable in the X and Y directions shown in FIG. An objective optometry function such as an autorefractometer and a subjective optometry function, such as an eyesight test, which is attached to the main body base 4 so as to be vertically movable in the Z direction (vertical direction) by rotating the operation handle 3 And a control panel 6 including a print key 6a, which will be described later, and a mode switching key 6b for switching between a subjective mode and an objective mode.
[0021]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, an objective lens barrel 9 equipped with an objective lens 9 a facing the subject's eye is provided on one end face side of the main body 5.
[0022]
Further, the ophthalmologic apparatus 1 has a chin rest 11 that is a chin rest means for placing the subject's chin in front of one end face of the main body 5.
[0023]
That is, a side L-shaped chin rest support 12 is attached to one end face of the base 2, and the chin rest 11 is supported at the center of the upper rectangular tube 13 of the chin rest support 12 so as to be movable up and down in the Z direction. is doing. Further, a forehead for a subject M formed in a strip shape on the upper part of a pair of support columns 14a and 14b protruding in the Z direction from both ends of the upper rectangular tube 13 so as to be positioned on both sides of the chin rest 11. A forehead pad 15 as a means is installed.
[0024]
The upper square tube 13 is provided with chin rest driving means 20 for driving the chin rest 11 in the Z direction shown in FIG. 4 and positioning it at a height position corresponding to the subject.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 4, the chin rest driving means 20 includes a chin rest motor (for example, a pulse motor) 21 having a driving shaft disposed horizontally, and a first bevel gear mounted on the driving shaft of the chin rest motor 21. 22 and a second umbrella connected to a manual handle 25 provided on the outer side of the upper rectangular tube 13 via a connecting shaft 24 while being opposed to the first bevel gear 22 at a predetermined interval. A toothed gear 23, a driven bevel gear 26 that is screwed to the first and second bevel gears 22, 23, and a driven rotating body 28 that includes a screw body 27 protruding upward from the driven bevel gear 26; An engaging protrusion 11a is provided that protrudes downward from the lower surface of the chin rest 11 and is screwed into the screw body 27 with a thread provided on the inner periphery.
[0026]
Further, the ophthalmologic apparatus 1 includes a line sensor (for example, an infrared sensor) 29 for detecting the position or length of the jaw of a subject attached to the column 14b in a state of facing the chin rest 11; A printer 30 which is a printing means for printing the optometry result incorporated in the main body 5 and a display unit 31 for displaying various information provided on the end surface of the main body 5 opposite to the subject M are provided. .
[0027]
The forehead support 15 is attached to the pair of support posts 14a and 14b via the connection rings 14c and 14d, and the forehead support 15 is operated by operating the fine movement handle 35 attached to one of the connection rings 14c. 15 can be finely adjusted in the Z direction.
[0028]
FIG. 5 shows an optical system of the ophthalmologic apparatus 1.
[0029]
In FIG. 5, 51 is a projection optical system for forming a ring-shaped image on the fundus Er of the eye E, and 52 is for forming an image of the fundus Er on a CCD (image sensor) 73 as a two-dimensional image sensor. An imaging optical system 53, a fixation target optical system for fixing the eye E to be examined in a distance vision state, and an observation optical system 54 for observing the anterior eye portion Ea of the eye E to be examined.
[0030]
The projection optical system 51 includes a perforated mirror 66, an infrared LED light source 67, a condenser lens 68, a conical prism 69, a ring-shaped aperture stop 70, a relay lens 71, and an objective lens 9a. The imaging optical system 52 is an objective. The fixation target optical system 53 includes an objective lens 9a, an infrared transmission visible reflection mirror 74, a relay lens 75, and a fixation display unit 76. The fixation target optical system 53 includes a lens 9a, a perforated mirror 66, a relay lens 73, and a CCD 73. The display unit 76 has a configuration in which a required number of fixation targets and a test chart for awareness are provided on the rotating disk 79.
[0031]
As the fixation target, a star bust chart, a landscape chart, or the like is used, and as a test chart for awareness, a vision chart such as a Landolt ring, a red green chart, or the like is used.
[0032]
The observation optical system 54 includes an objective lens 9a, a half mirror 80, a relay lens 81, an imaging tube 82, and the like.
[0033]
FIG. 6 shows a control system of the ophthalmologic apparatus 1, and includes a control means 100 including a program memory 91 that stores an operation program and a control unit 90 that performs overall control. The operation panel 6, the jaw holder motor 21, the sensor 29, the printer 30, and the display unit 31 are each controlled. Further, a memory 92 is connected to the control unit 90 for storing position information on the height of the chin rest 11 by the sensor 29, information on the length of the subject's chin, and the like. The sensor 29 and the memory 92 constitute position monitoring means for the chin rest 11.
[0034]
Next, the operation of the ophthalmologic apparatus 1 of the present embodiment will be described mainly with the vertical movement of the chin rest 11 with respect to the jaw of the subject M shown in FIG.
[0035]
In this ophthalmologic apparatus 1, when the objective optometry mode for the subject M's eye E is first set and the objective optometry is executed, the mode switch key 6 b of the operation panel 6 is operated, When switching to the subjective optometry mode, the chin rest driving means 20 operates under the control of the control unit 90, and the chin rest motor 21 rotates by the first bevel gear 22, the driven bevel gear 26, As shown in FIG. 7, the jaw holder 11 of the subject M is transmitted to the jaw holder 11 through the screw body 27. For example, it is moved downward by about 1 to 2 cm and moved away. As a result, the restraint state of the chin rest 11 with respect to the jaw of the subject M in the subjective optometry mode can be released, and the subject M can freely speak, and in particular, smoothly executes the subjective optometry. It becomes possible to do.
[0036]
The position of the chin rest 11 in the Z direction is detected by the line sensor 29, and the position information is stored in the memory 92.
[0037]
Next, for example, when the left eye and right eye objective type and subjective type eye examination are alternately performed on both the left and right eyes of the eye E, for example, the left eye objective type and the left eye subjective type The case where the optometry is performed in the order of the objective type of the right eye and the subjective type of the right eye will be described.
[0038]
In such a case, after performing the objective eye examination of the left eye, as shown in FIG. 7, it is lowered, for example, about 1 to 2 cm below the jaw of the subject M (Z direction) as shown above. The left eye is subjected to a subjective optometry with the chin rest 11 being released from the restraint of the chin rest 11 with respect to the subject's chin, and then the mode switching key 6b of the operation panel 6 is operated to set the objective Switch to optometry mode. As a result, the chin rest driving means 20 operates under the control of the control unit 90, and as shown in FIG. 8, the chin rest 11 is raised and returned again to the position where it contacts the chin of the subject M again.
[0039]
By such an operation, it becomes possible to smoothly perform optometry when the objective and subjective optometry is alternately repeated.
[0040]
Further, when the chin rest 11 is raised and returned by the chin rest driving means 20, the chin rest 11 is placed on the chin of the subject M based on the position of the chin rest 11 stored in the memory 92 at the time of objective eye examination. If the chin rest 11 collides with the jaw of the subject M and impacts the subject M to be surprised, it can be avoided. Then, the height of the chin rest 11 may be finely adjusted with the manual handle 25 until it contacts the chin.
[0041]
If the chin rest 11 is raised and returned to the vicinity of the chin of the subject M (for example, about 5 mm) based on the information on the chin length of the subject stored in the memory 92, the subject The trouble that the chin rest 11 collides with the jaw of M can be avoided.
[0042]
Further, in the present embodiment, a print command is issued from the print key 6a at the final stage of optometry in which the print key 6a provided in the operation means 6 is operated and the optometry result of the eye E is printed by the printer 30. When the chin rest driving means 20 causes the chin rest 11 on which the chin of the subject M is placed to be detached downward, the restraint state by the chin rest 11 with respect to the chin of the subject M is lowered. It can be canceled automatically.
[0043]
In addition, as a means for automatically releasing the restraint state of the subject M on the jaw of the subject M by the chin rest 11, a silent state in which the dialogue between the examiner and the subject M has been lost for a considerable time is recognized by a sound such as a microphone. The structure which recognizes with a means and operates the said chin rest drive means 20 can be mentioned.
[0044]
FIGS. 9 to 12 show other examples of the ophthalmologic apparatus 1. In this case, the forehead of the subject M is brought into contact with the face of the subject M of the forehead pad 15 that contacts the forehead. A forehead sensor (for example, a micro switch, a contact sensor using a pressure detection element) 32 serving as a forehead detecting means for detecting the contact state is attached, and the operation of the forehead sensor 32 is controlled by the control unit 90 as shown in FIG. It is configured to do.
[0045]
In this other example, when the objective eye examination of the subject M is performed, the forehead of the subject M abuts against the forehead pad 15 as shown in FIG. 10, or as shown in FIG. The forehead sensor 32 detects a state of being separated from each other.
[0046]
Then, as shown in FIG. 12, when the amount of the subject M is away from the forehead 15, a message “Forehead is not forehead” is displayed on the display unit 31. If it is displayed and notified to the examiner, the examiner can quickly know that the posture of the subject is poor and the objective optometry cannot be performed immediately. It is possible to instruct to correct the posture and apply the forehead to the forehead pad 15.
[0047]
In addition to displaying the above-described message on the display unit 31, for example, a state in which the forehead of the subject M is separated from the forehead pad 15 is detected by the forehead sensor 32 and can be configured to sound a buzzer or the like. It is.
[0048]
Further, based on the detection result of the contact state with the forehead pad 15 by the forehead sensor 32, the chin rest driving means 20 is operated, and the subject is again tested in the same manner as the case shown in FIG. Of course, it is possible to drive up to a position in contact with the jaw of M or a position in the vicinity thereof.
[0049]
On the other hand, if the operation of the chin rest driving means 20 is stopped on the basis of the detection result of the state where there is no contact with the forehead pad 15 by the forehead sensor 32 to avoid the rise of the chin rest 11, When the posture of the person M is not suitable for the start of optometry so that the forehead does not come into contact with the forehead pad 11, the forehead pad 11 does not rise. It is possible to eliminate the situation where the objective optometry is started in an appropriate manner.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to release the restraint state of the jaw receiving means relative to the subject's chin in the subjective optometry mode, and the subject can freely speak, An ophthalmologic apparatus capable of smoothly performing optometry can be provided.
[0051]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the objective and subjective optometry of the left eye and the right eye are alternately repeated for both eyes of the subject's eye, the restraint state and restraint of the subject's jaw It is possible to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus that can smoothly execute the switching of the release state and can smoothly execute the subjective optometry as well as the objective optometry.
[0052]
According to the third aspect of the invention, the same effect as in the case of the second aspect of the invention can be obtained, and when the chin receiving means is raised and returned to the vicinity of the subject's chin, the subject's It is possible to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus that can also prevent the jaw receiving means from colliding with the jaw.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an ophthalmologic apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a chin rest driving means in the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an optical configuration diagram showing an optical system in the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a control system in the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a lowering operation of the chin rest in the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a raising operation of the chin rest in the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a partial view showing another example of the forehead according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a contact state of the forehead of the subject with the forehead according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the subject's forehead is separated from the forehead according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a message display state of the display unit in a state where the subject's forehead is separated from the forehead in the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ophthalmology apparatus 5 Main body 6 Operation panel 9 Objective lens tube 11 Jaw holder 12 Jaw holder support body 20 Jaw holder drive means 21 Jaw holder motor 29 Sensor 30 Printer 31 Display part 32 Forehead sensor 35 Fine movement handle 90 Control part M Subject E Eye to be examined

Claims (3)

  A main body that has both a subjective and objective optometry function, sets the optometry mode of the subject's eye to be examined by the mode switching means, and executes the optometry, along the end face of this body The chin receiving means that is movable in the vertical direction, and when the subjective optometry mode is set by the mode switching means, the chin receiving means to which the subject's chin is fixed is attached to the subject. An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: a chin rest driving means for detaching downward from the chin.   A main body that has both a subjective and objective optometry function, sets the optometry mode of the subject's eye to be examined by the mode switching means, and executes the optometry, along the end face of this body And when the mode switching means switches from the objective optometry mode to the subjective optometry mode, the chin rest means is detached below the subject's chin. An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: a chin rest driving means for raising and returning the chin rest to a predetermined position when the optometry mode is switched from the subjective optometry mode to the objective optometry mode.   A main body that has both a subjective and objective optometry function, sets the optometry mode of the subject's eye to be examined by the mode switching means, and executes the optometry, along the end face of this body Chin receiving means movable in the vertical direction, position monitoring means for monitoring the vertical position of the chin receiving means along the end face of the main body, and subjective mode change from the objective optometry mode by the mode switching means. When the mode is switched to the optometry mode, the chin rest is disengaged below the subject's chin, and when the subjective optometry mode is switched to the objective optometry mode, An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: a chin rest driving means for raising and returning the chin rest means to a position in contact with the subject's chin or in the vicinity thereof based on the monitoring information of the means.

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