JP2005095355A - Ophthalmologic device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve operability and reduce a measurement time by saving a labor of adjusting the height of a jaw receiving mount for mounting a holder for storing a model eye and a contact lens (CL), when measuring the model eye and a CL base curve. <P>SOLUTION: This ophthalmologic device comprises an electric driving means for the jaw receiving mount; a position detecting means of the jaw receiving mount; a detecting means detecting the mounting of the model eye and a CL holder on the jaw receiving mount; and a control means drivingly controlling the height of the jaw receiving mount to a predetermined height based on the detection result of the detecting means. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus for measuring optical characteristics of an eye to be examined.

  Conventional autorefractometers that measure the eye refractive power of the eye to be examined and keratometers that measure the radius of curvature of the cornea are simulated eyes having a predetermined refractive power and a lens surface radius of curvature so that the user can check the accuracy of the device. Is included with the device.

  In some keratometers, a hard contact lens is attached to the included contact lens holder so that the base curve of the contact lens can be measured in addition to the corneal curvature radius of the eye to be examined.

  Position the simulated eye or contact lens holder by placing it on the chin rest of the device or by hooking it on the beam part to which the forehead is attached. In combination, the refractive power value of the simulated eye, the curvature of the surface, and the base curve of the contact lens are measured.

  In addition, as disclosed in JP-A-6-14879 and JP-A-6-304146, the chin rest is electrically driven to detect the height of the chin rest and whether or not the subject's chin is placed. Some have been designed to save labor in the vertical movement of the chin rest.

  However, in the conventional example as described above, a human eye with a height of a chin rest that is convenient for placing a simulated eye on a chin rest and a size of a face that is large and small is generally measured. The height of the chin rest that is convenient for the eye does not match. When measuring the simulated eye, place the simulated eye on the chin rest and place the simulated eye to a position where the measuring unit can be aligned. There is a problem that it takes time because the chin rest must be raised.

  Also, when measuring the human eye after the simulated eye measurement, the chin rest is usually lowered and the subject's chin is placed on the chin to adjust the chin rest to the size of the subject's face again. Since it was fixed to the cradle, there is also a problem that it takes time to perform the actual measurement.

  In order to solve this problem, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-14879 discloses that when the jaw is placed on the chin rest, the jaw rest is placed on the chin rest based on the detection result of whether or not the subject's chin is placed. Although the stage is not moved, it is not detected whether the simulated eye is placed, and the height of the chin rest that is appropriate for the simulated eye measurement cannot be set. The problem is not solved.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-304146 provides means for detecting contact of the subject's chin and forehead to the chin rest and forehead, but means for distinguishing between the simulated eye and the subject's chin and forehead. Is not provided, and the above-described problems in the simulated eye measurement are not solved.

In order to solve the above-described problems, an ophthalmologic apparatus according to the invention of the present application is: Detection means for detecting mounting of a holding member holding a simulated eye or a contact lens on an ophthalmic apparatus, driving means for changing a relative position between the holding member mounted on the ophthalmic apparatus and an optometry means of the ophthalmic apparatus, and the detection means From the detection result, a control means for controlling the driving means to align the holding member and the optometry means is provided.

  2. A holding member detecting means for detecting placement of the holding member on the chin rest and a control means for controlling the driving of the chin rest electric driving means based on the detection result of the holding member detecting means.

  3. An optometry part position detection means for detecting the position of the optometry means and a height detection means for detecting the height of the chin rest; when the placement of the holding member on the chin rest is detected, Drive control of the chin rest drive means is performed from the detection results of the eye position detection means and the height detection means.

  4). A chin rest stored in the storage means when the holding member is removed from the chin rest, having storage means for storing a height of the chin rest just before placing the holding member on the chin rest. The chin rest driving means is driven so as to reach the height of the table.

As described above, in the ophthalmic apparatus according to the present invention,
1. Detection means for detecting mounting of a holding member holding a simulated eye or a contact lens on an ophthalmic apparatus, driving means for changing a relative position between the holding member mounted on the ophthalmic apparatus and an optometry means of the ophthalmic apparatus, and the detection means From the detection results, the control means for controlling the driving means to align the holding member and the optometry means eliminates the need for alignment even when measuring a simulated eye different from the human eye. This has the effect of improving the performance.

  2. By providing a holding member detecting means for detecting placement of the holding member on the chin rest and a control means for controlling the driving of the chin rest electric driving means based on the detection result of the holding member detecting means. Just by mounting the eye on the chin rest, it is automatically set to the height of the chin rest that is optimal for the measurement of the simulated eye, so it is possible to measure the simulated eye just by aligning the measurement part, improving operability There is an effect.

  3. An optometry part position detection means for detecting the position of the optometry means and a height detection means for detecting the height of the chin rest; when the placement of the holding member on the chin rest is detected, By performing drive control of the chin rest drive means from the detection results of the eye position detection means and the height detection means, the operator can measure the simulated eye without aligning the optometry part. Therefore, there is an effect that the operability is further improved.

  4). A chin rest stored in the storage means when the holding member is removed from the chin rest, having storage means for storing a height of the chin rest just before placing the holding member on the chin rest. By driving the chin rest drive means so that it becomes the height of the pedestal, after the measurement of the simulated eye is over, forgetting to return the height of the chin rest even when measuring the human eye, There is no need to take time to adjust the height of the table, and the measurement work can be performed quickly.

  FIG. 1 is an external view of the optometry apparatus of the first embodiment.

  This apparatus is a compound machine that simultaneously measures the eye refractive power and the corneal shape of the eye to be examined, and is a so-called auto-refractometer.

  On the surface operated by the operator, a display 1 such as a liquid crystal monitor or a CRT monitor for selecting a display of measured values, an eye image or the like and setting of each target device, and a display screen thereof are operated, or an upper measuring unit 2 A switch panel 5 on which a track ball 3, a roller 4, a printer print switch, a measurement start switch, a measurement mode selection switch, and the like are arranged to align the position of the eye with the eye to be inspected.

  A printer 6 for printing out measurement results and the like is disposed on the side of the apparatus.

  The subject can measure by fixing his / her face with the face receiving portion 86 on the side opposite to the side operated by the operator and placing the subject's eye in front of the objective portion of the measuring portion 2.

  FIG. 2 shows a drive unit for aligning the measurement unit 2 of the present apparatus with the eye E to be examined.

  The measuring unit 2 is joined to an up / down driving unit 7 for moving in the up / down direction, and the measuring unit 2 can be moved up / down by about 30 mm. The measuring unit 2 is supported by an upper and lower support column 8, and is joined to an upper and lower drive support column 9 incorporating a direct acting ball bearing and an elevating feed screw. The upper and lower drive support column 9 is fixed to the upper and lower drive base 10. Has been. In order to restrict the rotation of the measuring unit 2 around the central axis of the upper and lower columns 8, the non-rotating column 11 protrudes downward from the measuring unit 2 and is fixed to the vertical driving base 10 and fitted to the linear motion bearing 12. Yes.

  A vertical drive motor 13 is disposed between the vertical drive support column 9 and the linear motion bearing 12, and the feed screw of the vertical drive support column 9 can be rotated via a belt on the back surface of the vertical drive base 10. Thus, the measuring unit 2 can be moved up and down by forward and reverse rotation of the motor 13. Although illustration is omitted, the movement limit position can be detected by detecting a limit switch at both ends of a stroke of 30 mm in the vertical direction. An encoder capable of pulse counting is coaxially arranged on the shaft of the motor 13, and a photocoupler for detecting it is provided on the back surface of the vertical drive base 10.

  In the vertical drive base 10, a female screw nut 15 is fixed to the back surface of the vertical drive base 10 driven by the front / rear drive unit 14, and a feed screw 17 and a screw supported by the front / rear drive base 16 are screwed to the female screw part. Are combined. The feed screw is coupled to the front / rear motor 18 via a coupling. Further, linear motion guide rails 19 a and 19 b are disposed on the left and right side surfaces of the vertical drive base 10, and the movable side is joined to the vertical drive base 10 and the fixed side is joined to the front and rear drive base 16.

  Therefore, the measurement part 2 which joins the vertical drive part 7 can be moved to the front-back direction by the forward / reverse drive of the front-rear motor 18. Although both ends of the stroke of 40 mm in the front-rear direction are not shown, the movement limit position can be detected by detecting the limit switch as in the case of the vertical drive unit. An encoder capable of pulse counting is coaxially disposed on the shaft of the front and rear motor 18, and a photocoupler for detecting the encoder is disposed on the upper surface of the front and rear drive base 16.

  The left / right drive unit 20 for driving the front / rear drive base 16 in the left / right direction is fixed with a female screw nut (not shown) on the back surface of the front / rear drive base 14 like the front / rear drive unit 14. The feed screw 22 supported on the drive base 21 is screwed. The feed screw is coupled to the left and right motor 23 via a belt 24. In addition, linear guide rails 25 a and 25 b are arranged on both front and rear side surfaces of the front and rear drive base 14, and the movable side is joined to the front and rear drive base 14 and the fixed side is joined to the left and right drive base 21.

  Therefore, the measurement unit 2 including the vertical drive unit 7 and the front / rear drive unit 14 can be moved in the left-right direction by forward / reverse rotation driving of the left / right motor 23. Although not shown, the movement limit position can be detected by detecting the limit switch at both ends of the stroke of 90 mm in the left-right direction as in the front-rear drive unit 14. An encoder capable of pulse counting is coaxially disposed on the shaft of the left and right motors 23, and a photocoupler for detecting the encoder is disposed on the upper surface of the left and right drive base 21.

  In this way, the measurement unit 2 can be moved in a three-dimensional direction with respect to the eye E by the vertical drive unit 7, the front / rear drive unit 14, and the left / right drive unit 20, and the subjects from children to adults can be face receiving units. Just by placing the face on, it can be aligned by electric drive.

  FIG. 3 is a layout diagram of the optical system in the measurement unit 2.

  On the central axis O of the measuring unit 2 that is aligned with the visual axis of the eye E, a kerattling light source 30 from the eye E side, a dichroic mirror 31 that totally reflects visible light and partially reflects a light beam having a wavelength of 880 nm, An objective lens 32, a perforated mirror 33, a diaphragm 34, a projection lens 35, a projection diaphragm 36, and a measurement light source 37 that emits light of 880 nm are sequentially arranged. In the reflection direction of the perforated mirror 33, a six-divided diaphragm 38, a six-divided prism 39, a light receiving lens 40, and a two-dimensional image sensor 41 are sequentially arranged. The six-divided diaphragm 38 and the six-divided prism 39 have the shapes shown in FIG. 4 and are actually in close contact with each other.

  The optical system described above is for eye refraction measurement, and the light beam emitted from the measurement light source 37 is focused by the projection diaphragm 36, and is primarily imaged by the projection lens 35 before the objective lens 32, The light passes through the objective lens 32 and the dichroic mirror 31 and is projected onto the pupil center of the eye E to be examined. The luminous flux forms an image on the fundus, and the reflected light enters the objective lens 32 again through the periphery of the pupil. The incident light beam passes through the objective lens 32 and is reflected by the peripheral portion of the perforated mirror 33. The reflected light beam is pupil-separated by a six-divided diaphragm 38 substantially conjugate with the eye pupil to be examined, and is projected as a six-point spot image on the light receiving surface of the two-dimensional image sensor 41 by a six-divided prism 39. If the eye E is a normal eye, the approximate curve connecting the centroids of the six spot images is a predetermined circle, and the curvature of the approximate curve circle increases or decreases in the near-sighted eye or the far-sighted eye. When there is astigmatism, the approximate curve is an ellipse, and the angle formed by the horizontal axis and the major axis of the ellipse is the astigmatism axis angle. The refraction value is obtained from the coefficient of the approximate curve of the ellipse.

  On the other hand, in the reflection direction of the dichroic mirror 31, a fixation target projection optical system and an alignment light receiving optical system that shares anterior eye portion observation, kerato measurement, and alignment detection are arranged. As the alignment light receiving optical system, a lens 42, a dichroic mirror 43, an alignment prism diaphragm 44, an imaging lens 45, a kerato diaphragm 46, and a two-dimensional image sensor 47 are arranged from the dichroic mirror 31 side. The alignment prism stop 44 and the kerato stop 46 are detachable on the optical path. Only the alignment prism stop 44 is inserted into the optical path during refraction measurement, and only the kerato stop 46 is inserted during kerato measurement. The alignment prism diaphragm 44 has the shape shown in FIG. 5, and is provided with three openings 44a, 44b, 44c on a disk-shaped diaphragm plate, and the openings 44a, 44b, 44c on both sides of the dichroic mirror 43 side. Are bonded to alignment prisms 48a and 48b that transmit a light beam having a wavelength of only about 880 nm. Anterior eye illumination light sources 50a and 50b are disposed obliquely in front of the anterior eye part of the eye E to be examined.

  A fixation projection optical system is disposed on the transmission side of the dichroic mirror 43, and a total reflection mirror 51, a fixation guide lens 52, a fixation chart 53, and a fixation projection light source 54 are sequentially arranged. At the time of fixation fixation, the projection light beam of the fixed fixation projection light source 54 is illuminated from the back side of the fixation chart 53 and is projected onto the fundus of the eye E through the fixation induction lens 52 and the lens 42. Note that the fixation guide lens 52 can be moved in the optical axis direction by a fixation guide motor 55 in order to guide the diopter of the eye E and realize a cloudy state.

  The light source for alignment detection is also used as the measurement light source 37 for measuring eye refraction, and the light beam projected from the measurement unit 2 is reflected by the cornea C of the eye E to be examined. The reflected light beam returns to the measurement unit 2 again, is reflected by the dichroic mirror 31, becomes a parallel light beam by the lens 42, is reflected by the dichroic mirror 43, and is guided to a light receiving optical system such as the two-dimensional image sensor 47.

  At this time, the light beam transmitted through the alignment prism 48a is refracted downward, and the light beam transmitted through the alignment prism 48b is refracted upward. Since the central opening 44c allows light beams with wavelengths of 780 nm or more of the anterior segment illuminations 50a and 50b to pass through, the reflected luminous flux of the anterior segment image illuminated by the anterior segment illumination light sources 50a and 50b is The light passes through the opening 44 c of the alignment prism stop 44 and is imaged on the two-dimensional image sensor 47 by the imaging lens 45. When the eye E is substantially aligned with the optical axis O of the measuring unit 2, it is possible to perform approximate alignment while viewing the image received by the two-dimensional image sensor 47 on the display device 1.

  In auto-alignment in which alignment is performed using a corneal reflection image, an alignment prism diaphragm 44 is inserted into the optical path, and a light beam that has passed through the diaphragm 44 is imaged on a two-dimensional image sensor 47 by an imaging lens 45.

  FIG. 6 is an eye image E ′ to be observed through the alignment prism diaphragm 44. FIG. 6A shows a case where the eye E is properly aligned, and the eye image E ′ is imaged by a light beam that has passed through the opening 44c at the center of the alignment prism diaphragm 44, and is a measurement light source that also serves as an alignment. The corneal reflection image 37 is also formed as a bright spot at the center of the screen. The light beams that have passed through the openings 44a and 44b on the left and right sides of the alignment prism stop 44 are refracted in the vertical direction from the center on the screen by the alignment prisms 48a and 48b, and are observed as three vertical lines of bright spots.

  FIG. 6B shows an observation image in a state where the measuring unit 2 is shifted in the upper right direction when viewed from the operator side with respect to the eye E. FIG. 6C shows a case where the working distance direction, which is the front-rear direction, is shifted, although the positions in the left-right and up-down directions are aligned. As for the direction, the horizontal position of the two upper and lower bright spots out of the three bright spots in one vertical row is opposite, so that it is possible to detect which direction is shifted.

  The method for obtaining the working distance from the positional relationship of the three bright spots is described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-84760, so please refer to the details.

  At the time of kerato measurement, the corneal reflected light beam of the kerato light source ring 30 is limited by the kerato diaphragm 46 via the imaging lens 45 and is imaged on the two-dimensional image sensor 47.

  The kerato diaphragm 46 is placed at the focal position of the lens system to form a so-called telecentric optical system, and is arranged so that the positional deviation of the eye E in the optical axis direction does not cause a measurement error.

  FIG. 7 is a block circuit configuration diagram. A switch panel 5 on which a measurement switch, a print start switch, and the like are arranged, a trackball 3 for moving the measurement unit 2 up and down, left and right with respect to the eye E, and a measurement unit 2 are moved back and forth with respect to the eye E A roller 4 connected to a rotary encoder for printing and a printer 6 for printing measurement results are connected to a port of the CPU 60.

  The image signal of the fundus image captured by the two-dimensional image sensor 41 is converted into digital data by the A / D converter 61 and stored in the image memory 62. The CPU 60 calculates the eye refractive power based on the image stored in the image memory 62. The video signal of the anterior segment image captured by the two-dimensional image sensor 47 is converted into digital data by the A / D converter 63 and stored in the image memory 64. Based on the image stored in the image memory 64, the CPU 60 detects the alignment bright spot and determines the alignment state, or calculates the curvature radius of the eye cornea to be examined.

  In addition, the video signal of the anterior segment image captured by the two-dimensional image sensor 47 is combined with the signal from the character generation device 65, and the anterior segment image, measurement values, and the like are displayed on the display device 1.

  The vertical motor 13, the front / rear motor 18, the left / right motor 23, and the fixation guide lens motor 55 are connected to respective motor drivers 67, 68, 69, and 70 and are driven by commands from the CPU 60.

  The fixation target light source 54, the keratoling light source 30, the anterior ocular illumination light sources 50a and 50b, and the measurement light source 37 are connected to the D / A converter 71 via a driver (not shown), and the amount of light is changed by a command from the CPU 60. Can be made.

  Further, a chin rest vertical motor 72 is connected to the CPU 60 via a motor driver 73 and is driven by a command from the CPU 60 by an input of a chin rest vertical switch on the switch panel 5.

  FIG. 8 is a layout diagram of the switch panel 5.

  In addition to the trackball 3 and the roller 4 described above, the switch panel 5 includes a measurement start switch 80 used to start auto-alignment and measurement of the subject's eye, measurement (R) of only the eye refractive power of the subject's eye, Measurement of the corneal shape only (K), continuous measurement (RK) that continuously measures eye refractive power and corneal shape simultaneously, and CLBC mode that measures the contact lens base curve using the contact lens holder described later Measurement mode selection switch 81 for selecting a desired measurement mode from among them, a setting switch 82 for performing various settings of the device such as the distance between the tops of the cornea in the eye refractive power measurement, the sign of astigmatism power, and the display unit, measurement results A printing switch 83 for printing on the printer 6 is arranged as shown in the figure.

  A switch 84a for raising the chin rest by the chin rest vertical motor 72 and a switch 84b for lowering are also arranged as shown in the figure.

  In the auto reflex keratometer of the present embodiment configured as described above, the operator's face is fixed to the face cradle 86 and the measuring unit 2 is aligned with the optical axis O with respect to the eye E. 3 and roller 4 are operated. The operation of the trackball 3 can be positioned by moving the measuring unit 2 in the left and right and up and down directions with respect to the eye E, and the roller 4 can move the measuring unit 2 in the front and rear direction.

  In this operation, on the apparatus side, the CPU 60 receives output signals from the respective pulse counters and rotary encoders connected to the trackball 3 and the roller 4 so that the operation amount and speed can be detected. Further, the vertical motor 13, the front / rear motor 18, and the left / right motor 23 are driven via the motor drivers 67, 68, 69 based on the operation amount and speed.

  The operator moves the measuring unit 2 by the above-described operation so that the observation image of the eye E can be confirmed on the display device 1 so that the iris of the eye E can be clearly seen and the pupil is almost centered. A measurement start switch 80 arranged on the switch panel 5 is pressed.

  When the measurement start switch 80 is pressed, the apparatus first starts auto alignment for automatically aligning the measuring unit 2 with respect to the eye E.

  When the alignment between the eye E and the optical axis O of the measurement unit 2 is completed by auto-alignment, the following measurements selected by the measurement mode selection switch 81 are performed.

a) Corneal shape measurement (K)
The CPU 60 measures the corneal shape by following the following procedure.

  The kerato diaphragm 46 is inserted into the optical path, and the anterior segment illumination light sources 50a and 50b are turned off.

  Next, the kerato light source ring 30 is caused to emit light to project a ring-shaped light beam onto the cornea of the eye E to be examined.

  The cornea reflection image reflected by the eye cornea to be examined becomes an elliptical ring image due to the shape of the cornea and forms an image on the two-dimensional image sensor 47.

  The captured ring image is digitized by the A / D converter 63 and stored in the image memory 64.

  The corneal shape of the eye E is calculated by calculating the major axis, minor axis, and inclination of the major axis of the ellipse from the corneal reflection image stored in the image memory 64.

  It should be noted that the calculated relationship between the radius of curvature of the cornea corresponding to the major axis and minor axis of the ellipse and the angle of the ellipse axis on the light receiving surface of the image sensor and the astigmatic axis of the cornea is calibrated in advance during the manufacturing process of the device. Is.

b) Eye refractive power measurement (R)
The CPU 60 calculates the eye refractive power of the eye E by the following procedure.

  The measurement light source 37 is turned on and the two-dimensional imaging element 41 receives the reciprocal light from the fundus of the subject's eye.

  The captured fundus image is separated into 6 points and projected by the refractive power of the eye to be examined.

  Six captured images are digitized by the A / D converter 61 and stored in the image memory 62.

The barycentric coordinates of each of the six points stored in the image memory 62 are calculated, and an ellipse equation passing through the six points is obtained. (The method of obtaining an elliptic equation from six points is well known.)
The major axis, minor axis, and inclination of the major axis of the obtained ellipse are calculated, and the eye refractive power of the eye E is calculated.

  It should be noted that the relationship between the obtained oval refractive power value corresponding to the major axis and minor axis of the ellipse and the angle of the ellipse axis on the light receiving surface of the image sensor and the astigmatic axis is calibrated in advance during the manufacturing process of the apparatus. is there.

  As described above, first, the fixation guide lens motor 55 is driven from the obtained eye refractive power value to a position corresponding to the refractive power value, and the fixation guide lens 52 is moved to refract the eye to be examined. A fixation chart 53 is presented to the eye to be examined with a degree of refraction corresponding to the degree.

  Thereafter, the fixation guide lens 52 is moved a predetermined amount far, and the fixation chart 53 is fogged.

  The measurement light source 37 is turned on again and the refractive power is measured.

  As described above, measurement of refractive power → clouding operation of a fixation target → measurement of refractive power is repeated to obtain a final measurement value in which the refractive power is stabilized.

c) RK continuous measurement In this mode, the corneal shape measurement (K) is continuously performed after the eye refractive power measurement (R) is performed on one eye to be examined.

  As described above, the auto reflex keratometer of this embodiment can measure the refractive power of the simulated eye, the shape of the lens surface, and the base curve of the hard contact lens in addition to the measurement of the eye refractive power and the cornea shape of the eye to be examined. .

  FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram when measuring the simulated eye 85.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the simulated eye 85 houses a rod lens 85a and a rod lens 85a designed to have a refractive power equivalent to that of the human eye and a radius of curvature of the lens surface in order to check the accuracy of the apparatus. A holding barrel 85b, a cushion member 85c for holding the bottom surface of the rod lens 85a, a mounting bracket 85d to which the holding barrel 85b is mounted as shown in the figure, and a detection hole for a jaw rest described later installed on the bottom surface of the mounting bracket 85d It is comprised from the detection pin 85e inserted in.

  By placing this simulated eye 85 on the chin rest and aligning the optical axis O of the measuring unit 2 with the lens surface of the rod lens 85a of the simulated eye 85, the refractive power of the simulated eye and the radius of curvature of the surface are measured. The accuracy of the device can be checked.

  The height H from the bottom surface 85f of the simulated eye 85 to the rod lens 85a is set to a predetermined height in manufacturing.

  FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the face receiving portion 86 and the detection pin 85e of the simulated eye 85 for explaining the mechanism for detecting the installation of the simulated eye when the simulated eye 85 is placed on the chin rest. .

  A micro switch 91 for detecting the insertion of the detection pin 85e of the simulated eye 85 is installed below the detection hole 90a provided in the chin rest 90. When the detection pin 85e is inserted as shown in the drawing, the micro switch 91 is inserted. When the actuator lever 91a of the switch 91 is pushed downward, the switch 91b is turned on.

  The detection result output of the micro switch 91 is input to the CPU 60 through a wiring (not shown) so that the ON / OFF state of the switch 91b can be detected.

  The chin rest 90 is attached to the vertical movement support 93 via the attachment plate 92.

  The vertical movement support 93 is provided with a screw portion 93a for vertical driving inside, and a screw rod 94 screwed with the screw portion 93a, a lower end portion 94a thereof, and an output shaft 72a of the chin rest vertical motor 72 are cups. Connected by ring 95.

  The chin rest vertical motor 72 is fixedly attached to the housing part 86a of the face receiving part 86.

  96 is a lid for mounting.

  The vertical movement support 93 is provided with a key groove 93b parallel to the axis, and the pin 86b formed in the face receiving portion 86 is fitted, so that the rotation by the chin rest vertical motor 72 is prevented. , It can be moved up and down.

  Reference numeral 87 denotes a vertical detection plate attached to the lower end of the vertical movement support column, which turns ON / OFF detection elements such as a micro switch (not shown) installed inside the casing of the face receiving portion 86.

  The detection element detects an upper limit / lower limit position of the vertical movement support post 93, and an output of the detection result is connected to the CPU 60 to control driving of the chin rest vertical motor 72.

  Furthermore, the gear 100 is attached to the output shaft 72a of the chin rest vertical motor 72, and the gear 101 that meshes with the output shaft 72a is attached to the input shaft 102a of the potentiometer 102. It can be detected.

  Here, the potentiometer 102 is a so-called absolute type potentiometer, and can detect the rotation angle as a resistance value, so that the CPU 60 to which the output is connected can detect the height h of the chin rest 90.

  A forehead rest 97 for hitting the subject's forehead is joined to an arm portion 86 c above the face receiving portion 86.

  When checking the accuracy of the auto reflex keratometer of this embodiment using the simulated eye 85 with such a configuration, the simulated eye 85 is first placed on the chin rest 90.

  Then, the switch 91b is turned on by the detection pin 85e.

  The CPU 60 detects the height h of the chin rest and the height y of the measurement unit at that time by the above-described configuration, and drives the chin rest vertical motor 72 so that h = y−H.

  As shown in FIG. 10, since the distance between the detection hole 90a (or from the center of the apparatus) is known in the eye width direction as shown in FIG. The measuring unit 2 is moved in the width direction so that its optical axis O coincides with the optical axis of the rod lens 85a.

  In this state, the operator measures the simulated eye 85 in the R, K, or RK mode.

  When the measurement of the simulated eye is completed and the simulated eye 85 is removed from the chin rest 90, the chin rest up / down motor 72 returns to the height h of the chin rest before placing the simulated eye 85 on the chin rest 90. Drive.

  Further, FIG. 13 is a view showing the structure of a contact lens holder 98 used by fitting to the outer diameter of the holding barrel 85b of the simulated eye 85.

When measuring the base curve of a contact lens,
(1) Water is applied to the contact lens holding portion 98a of the contact lens holder 98, and the contact lens CL is attached with the surface tension as illustrated.

  (2) The contact lens holder 98 to which the contact lens CL is attached is fitted and attached using the outer diameter of the holding barrel 85b of the simulated eye 85 as a guide.

  (3) The simulated eye 85 to which the contact lens CL and the contact lens holder 98 are attached is placed on the chin rest 90.

  (4) The switch 91b is turned on by the detection pin 85e, and the CPU 60 detects the height h of the chin rest and the height y of the measurement unit at that time by the above-described configuration so that h = yH. The chin rest vertical motor 72 is driven.

  (5) Since the eye width direction is also known how far from the position of the detection hole 90a (or from the center of the apparatus) in the manufacturing process of the simulated eye as shown in FIG. The CPU 60 moves the measuring unit 2 in the eye width direction so that the optical axis O thereof coincides with the optical axis of the rod lens 85a.

  (6) The operator presses the measurement mode selection switch 81 to change the measurement mode to the following CLBC measurement mode and perform the base curve measurement of the contact lens CL.

d) Contact curve base curve measurement (CLBC)
The kerato diaphragm 46 is inserted into the optical path, and the anterior segment illumination light sources 50a and 50b are turned off.

  Next, the kerato light source ring 30 is caused to emit light to project a ring-shaped light beam onto the base curve surface of the contact lens.

  The reflected image reflected by the base curve surface of the contact lens becomes a circular image whose size changes depending on the curvature of the base curve, and is formed on the two-dimensional image sensor 47.

  The captured circular image is digitized by the A / D converter 63 and stored in the image memory 64.

  The diameter is calculated from the circular image stored in the image memory 64, and the radius of curvature of the base curve of the contact lens to be examined is calculated.

  The relationship of the curvature radius of the base curve of the contact lens corresponding to the obtained circle diameter is calibrated in advance during the manufacturing process of the device.

  In the auto-reflective keratometer of the present embodiment, the kerato light source ring 30 is a diffused light source installed at a finite distance, and the two-dimensional image sensor 47 is different from the convex surface and the concave surface between the eye cornea to be examined and the base curve surface of the contact lens. Since the relationship between the captured elliptical shape and the radius of curvature is slightly different, calibration is performed separately in the manufacturing process, and the calculation method is changed depending on the K measurement mode and the CLBC measurement mode.

  (7) When the measurement of the base curve of the contact lens CL is completed and the simulated eye 85 is removed from the chin rest 90, the height of the chin rest before the simulated eye 85 is placed on the chin rest 90 in (3) above. The chin rest vertical motor 72 is driven so as to return to h.

  FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the operation in the first embodiment described above.

  After the power is turned on, in S1, devices such as the motor, light source, and image sensor of this apparatus are initialized.

  Next, in S2, the current height h0 of the chin rest is stored, and the value of the stored height hm is set to h0.

  In S3, it is determined whether or not the simulated eye 85 is attached from the ON / OFF state of the microswitch 91. If it is attached, the process proceeds to the next S4.

  In S4, it is determined whether or not the current height h of the chin rest is equal to the target value yH described above. If they are equal, the process proceeds to the next step S8, and if not equal, the output value of the potentiometer 102 is taken into consideration and approaches the target value. The chin rest vertical motor 72 is moved in the direction to a subroutine S5 for driving for a predetermined time.

  If the attachment of the simulated eye 85 cannot be detected in S3, the process proceeds to step S6, and it is determined whether the stored chin rest height hm is equal to the current chin rest height h.

  Since h and hm are equal at S2 at the beginning of power-on, the process moves to the next measurement SW judgment routine S8.However, after the simulated eye 85 is removed, h is not usually equal to hm. Then, the process proceeds to a subroutine S7, which has the same function as the subroutine S5, and the chin rest vertical motor 72 is driven.

  In S8, it is determined whether or not the measurement start switch 80 shown in FIG. 8 is pressed. If it is pressed, the process proceeds to step S9 in which auto alignment is performed and measurement is started.

  If the measurement start switch 8 is not pressed in S8, the process proceeds to the next S10, and it is determined whether or not the measurement mode setting switch 81 is pressed.

  If the measurement mode setting switch 81 is pressed, the process proceeds to step S11 for measurement mode setting in which the measurement mode is changed in order of R → K → RK → CLBC → R.

  If the measurement mode setting switch 81 is not pressed in S10, the process proceeds to step S12 for determining the SET switch 82 for changing the setting of the apparatus.

  If the SET switch is pressed in S12, the process proceeds to S13 where the setting process of S13 is performed, and if not, the process proceeds to determination step S14 of the next PRINT switch.

  If the PRINT switch is pressed in S14, the process proceeds to the printing process step of S15, and if not, the process proceeds to the reception step S16 of the chin rest up / down switches 84a and 84b for instructing the chin rest up / down.

  S16 is a step of determining a chin rest up / down instruction, and a process of S17 is performed in which the chin rest up / down motor is driven for a predetermined time by the push button 84a or 84b according to the instruction.

At this time, the height h of the chin rest moved up and down is stored and stored in hm. (S18)
As a result, it is possible to return to the first step S3 after measuring the simulated eye to the chin rest height just before mounting the simulated eye.

  If there is no instruction for raising and lowering the chin rest in S16, the process returns to the first step S3 and the above-described processing is repeated.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, when the attachment of the simulated eye 85 is detected, the chin rest 90 is raised to a height that matches the optical axis O of the measuring unit 2 at the time when the optical axis of the rod lens 85a is detected. Depending on the structure of the chin rest vertical mechanism and the height relationship of the measurement unit 2, the simulated eye 85 may not be raised to the optical axis of the measurement unit 2 at a high position.

  In that case, as shown in FIG. 12, after moving the chin rest 90 up and down the optical axis of the simulated eye 85 (the optical axis of the rod lens 85a) to a height that matches the preset reference height y0. Alternatively, the measurement unit 2 may be driven so that the height y of the measurement unit 2 becomes equal to y0 after the measurement start switch 80 is pressed.

  In this embodiment, the potentiometer 102 is used to detect the rotation angle of the chin rest vertical motor 72 and the height h of the chin rest 90, but instead, a rotary encoder or a slight change in the structure can be Needless to say, the same effect can be obtained with a structure in which the vertical position of the column 93 is detected by a linear encoder.

  FIG. 15 is a view showing a simulated eye 103 and a face receiving portion 86 showing a second embodiment.

  A hole 86d into which the detection pin 103a of the simulated eye 103 is inserted is provided in the arm portion 86c above the face receiving portion 86, and the micro switch 104 that plays the same role as the above-described micro switch 91 is provided below the inside thereof. Is installed.

  The detection signal of the micro switch 104 is also connected to the CPU 60 by a signal line (not shown).

  When the detection pin 103a of the simulated eye 103 is inserted into the mounting hole 86d and the CPU 60 detects the mounting of the simulated eye 103, the measuring unit 2 is set so that the center of the simulated eye 103 and the optical axis O of the measuring unit 2 coincide. Drive.

  Regarding the driving amount, in this embodiment, the dimension A from the upper surface of the arm portion 86c and the face receiving portion shown in FIG. 12 and the dimension H ′ from the mounting portion to the center of the simulated eye 103 are known. The measurement unit 2 is driven so that y = A−H ′.

  Similar to the first embodiment, when the simulated eye 103 is removed from the arm portion 86c, the position of the measurement unit 2 is returned to the position before the simulated eye is attached.

1 is an external view of an auto reflex keratometer according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the drive mechanism of the measurement part. FIG. 3 is an optical layout diagram of the measurement unit 2. It is a perspective view of 6 division diaphragm and 6 division prism. It is a perspective view of an alignment prism diaphragm. It is explanatory drawing of an alignment state and an observation screen. It is a block circuit block diagram. FIG. 3 is a layout diagram of an operation panel. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of attaching a simulated eye 85. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a simulated eye 85. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a detection mechanism for a simulated eye 85. FIG. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of attachment of a contact lens holder 98. It is a flowchart of a 1st Example. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for attaching a simulated eye 103 according to the second embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

85 simulated eyes
85e detection pin
86 Face holder
90 chin rest
90a Detection hole
91 Micro switch
98 contact lens holder
102 Potentiometer
h Height of chin rest
H Simulated eye height y Height of measuring unit 2

Claims (6)

An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: an optometry means for measuring optical characteristics of an eye to be examined; and a holding member for attaching an object to be measured whose optical characteristics are measured using the optometry means to the ophthalmologic apparatus body. Detection means for detecting attachment to the drive means Driving means for changing the relative position between the attached holding member and the optometry means Position of the holding member and optometry means by controlling the drive means from the detection result of the detection means An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising control means for performing alignment.   The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the measurement object is a simulated eye for confirming the accuracy of the apparatus, and the holding member is a simulated eye holder.   The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the measurement object is a contact lens for measuring a base curve, and a holding member thereof is a contact lens holder. Optometry means for measuring optical characteristics of eye to be examined Jaw cradle for placing subject's chin to fix subject's face Jaw cradle drive means for electrically driving chin rest vertically A chin cradle height detecting means for detecting the height of the cradle comprising a holding member for placing a measurement object whose optical characteristics are measured using the optometry means on the chin cradle. In the ophthalmologic apparatus, the apparatus includes a holding member detection unit that detects placement of the holding member on the chin rest and a control unit that performs drive control of the chin rest driving unit based on a detection result of the holding member detection unit. Ophthalmic device characterized by   Optometry section position detection means for detecting the position of the optometry means, and when the mounting of the holding member on the chin rest is detected, the height of the optometry section position detection means and the chin rest 5. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 4, wherein drive control of the chin cradle drive means is performed based on a detection result of the detection means. Storage means for storing the height of the jaw holder immediately before placing the holding member on the jaw holder, and when the holding member is removed from the jaw holder, the control means is stored in the storage means; 6. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the chin rest driving means is driven so as to return to the height of the chin rest.

Images