JP3781914B2 - Dust collector - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a dust collector, and specifically, a dust collector suitable for use in filtering a dust-containing air flow mixed with cutting oil, its mist, or chips generated during cutting. It relates to a dust device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When collecting dust such as cutting oil, mist of them, or dust mixed with cutting powder or other metal powders, it has conventionally been dependent on the type of dust, amount of mist, etc. However, it has been supported by changing the configuration of the dust collector itself, changing the configuration of the filter and the material of the filter, but in factories where different types and amounts of dust are generated, depending on the purpose. Therefore, there are various problems in terms of cost, installation space, operation and maintenance, etc., because a plurality of dust collectors must be purchased and used separately or used at the same time.
[0003]
Therefore, for example, as seen in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-192628 , the generation amount of oil and water, or various types of dust such as chips, spark dust, and general dust is also reduced. Dust collectors that can be handled by a single unit have been developed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional dust collector described in the above-mentioned gazette circulates the sucked dust-containing air flow inside the suction pipe portion, thereby causing mist dust having a mass and mist dust having a small mass by the centrifugal force. However, this dust collector uses a passage constructed at right angles to the direction of travel while the sucked mist and dust are sucked through the suction passage. Collision and reflection on the inner wall surface, specifically the inner wall surface in the S-shaped passage, and fine mist and dust with little or no mass are scattered and diffused without going to the dust box. As a result, there is a problem that mist dust adheres to the filter and shortens the life of the filter.
[0005]
Further, in the above conventional dust collector, the entire filter for collecting mist and dust is installed in a flat posture on the upper side of the suction pipe portion, so that mist and dust adhere to and accumulate inside the filter. There was a problem that it was easy to accumulate, and eventually this filled the inside of the filter, causing clogging, and reducing the filtration capacity.
[0006]
Therefore, the technical problem of the present invention is that the dust-containing airflow containing the swarf, scattered oil, or mist generated in the cutting process of the machine tool is directly sucked and swirled to remove the dust-containing airflow. Separate oil and mist and make sure that these mist and dust are collected in the dust box without being scattered and diffused in the middle, and that mist etc. is not collected as much as possible inside the filter that collects fine mist. Thus, the lifetime of the filter is made as long as possible.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Means taken in the present invention to solve the above technical problems are as follows.
[0008]
The dust-containing airflow that is sucked in through the suction passage under the suction action of the blower separates dust such as chips and oil through the primary dust collector, and then passes through the secondary dust collector equipped with a filter. A dust collector configured to collect mist and the like,
[0009]
(1) The primary dust collecting part is connected to a cylindrical pipe connected to a supply pipe through which dust-containing airflow flows in the upper tangential direction, and the upper end of the cylindrical dust pipe is directed toward the air path of the cylindrical pipe. Exhaust duct provided in an upwardly open state and configured to communicate with the secondary dust collecting portion, and a large amount of swarf or oil falling while turning along the inner wall surface of the cylindrical tube And a closed dust box that receives dust, etc., and an inner cylinder body that is generally formed in a substantially conical column shape is provided in the upper air passage of the cylindrical tube, and includes an inflow into the cylindrical tube. While the dust airflow is configured to swivel along the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical body, the secondary dust collecting portion is made to react with the dusty airflow sent through the exhaust duct of the primary dust collecting portion. The filter for collecting mist is arranged substantially vertically, and the filter A collection unit for agglomerates such as oil should be provided under the filter to collect the mist collected by the filter. (Claim 1)
[0010]
( 2 ) A filter for the secondary dust collecting part is arranged on each of the air inflow side and the outflow side with coarse sparse filters, and a fine filter with fine meshes is sandwiched between the filters on both sides. Make up. (Claim 2 )
[0011]
( 3 ) The sparse filter material is a foamed urethane material with an eye size of 300 microns to 500 microns, and the dense filter material has an eye size of 10 microns to 20 microns. Kapok fiber formed in size. (Claim 3 )
[0012]
( 4 ) Provide a drainage outlet with a valve to discharge the liquid such as oil to the outside of the secondary dust collector or to the dust box of the primary dust collector in the aggregated liquid collector of the secondary dust collector. . (Claim 4 )
[0013]
According to the means according to claim 1 described in the above (1), mist dust having a mass such as oil or agglomerated mist having relatively large particles is swirled and separated in the dust box in the primary dust collecting section. Mist dust with a small or no mass such as fine mist that could not be collected by the primary dust collector is collected by the filter of the secondary dust collector. Since the swirl flow in the dust section proceeds directly downward in the cylindrical tube, the swirling mist and dust can be reliably collected in the dust box without being scattered and diffused in the meantime. In the dust-containing airflow sent from the head to the secondary dust collector, finer mist is collected by the filter, but the collected mist does not collect inside the filter but grows in the filter. While gradually descending To be collected in the liquid collecting unit, it makes it possible to minimize increase the life of the filter.
[0014]
According to the measures according to claim 1, further described in the above (1), the dust-containing air flow supply pipe connected in the tangential direction by receiving a suction action of blower from (introduction passage) comes to flow into the interior of the cylindrical tube In addition to being able to advance in the air passage while swirling along the inner surface of the cylindrical tube, an inner cylindrical body that is formed in a substantially conical column shape is provided in the air passage of the cylindrical tube. The swirling state of the dust-containing airflow that flows in from the supply pipe is guided to the side of the conical column to make it more reliable, and the centrifugal force causes mass mist and dust along the outer wall of the air passage. While lowering while turning, mist and dust with little or no mass can be lowered while turning along the side surface of the inner cylinder, and dropped and collected in the lower dust box.・ Dust containing separated dust By feeding the secondary dust collecting part flow through the exhaust duct makes it possible to carry out the filtration of finishing.
[0015]
According to the measures according to claim 2 as described above (2), an air flow containing the fine oil mist coming fed into the secondary dust collecting part through the exhaust duct is made once sparse inflow side filter After passing through, the oil mist is collected by a dense filter interposed in the middle, and as the oil mist content (collected amount) of the dense filter increases, the inflow side in contact with the front and rear of the dense filter The sparse filter on the outflow side sequentially transfers (infiltrate) and absorbs the oil mist collected in the dense filter, and then the oil mist falls down by the dead weight and is discharged through the sparse filter. Therefore, it is not necessary to squeeze the filter one by one and discharge the oil mist, and the oil mist can be discharged naturally and collected in the agglomerated liquid collection unit.
[0016]
According to the measures according to claim 3 mentioned above (3), kapok fibers are often used in the boom, etc. Conventionally, the property of not released to absorb a large amount of oil mist, that is, as much as possible the oil mist A dense filter that uses this kapok fiber and has an extremely small mesh size of 20 microns to 10 microns ensures oil mist during air circulation. The trapped oil mist is absorbed into the fiber, absorbed in the fiber and retained in the filter, and the oil mist can be prevented from scattering even when subjected to passing air (following air flow). Since the mist stays in the fiber, air passes between the fibers, so that the air pressure loss can be made extremely small. 0 microns to 300 microns and a relatively larger the sparse filter before and after allows to discharge blotted overflowing oil mist from the middle of the dense Naru filter securely.
[0017]
According to the measures according to claim 4 as described above (4), a liquid such as oil collected in the aggregating liquid collection unit, the outside of the secondary dust collecting part from the oil outlet by opening the valve, or the primary current Since the liquid is discharged into the dust box of the dust part, it is possible to prevent the liquid such as oil accumulated in the aggregated liquid collecting part from getting on the dust-containing airflow and reattaching to the filter.
[0018]
Since it is as mentioned above, the technical problem mentioned above can be solved by the means of said (1)-( 4 ), and the problem of the said prior art can be eliminated.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of a dust collector according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view illustrating the whole of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, and FIG. In the drawings, the symbol SR is generally shown as a dust collector, T is a machine base supported by a plurality of support legs TA, and a primary dust collecting part is formed on the machine T. A pre-dust separator 1 that performs the above operation, a secondary dust collecting unit 10 that includes a filter, and an exhaust block 20 that includes an exhaust blower 20T and an exhaust port 22 that are operated by a motor are provided.
[0020]
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the pre-dust separator 1 described above, in which 4 is a cylindrical tube, 2 is a dust-containing air supply pipe connected in the upper tangential direction of the cylindrical tube 4. Reference numeral 3 denotes an inner cylinder body which is provided on the upper side inside the cylindrical tube 4 and is formed on the inner side surface portion of the supply port of the supply tube 2 and has a substantially conical column shape, and flows in from the supply port of the supply tube 2. The dust-containing airflow is configured to turn along the conical side surface of the inner cylindrical body 3.
[0021]
4R is an air passage having a shape corresponding to the inner cylindrical body 3 on the inner upper side of the cylindrical tube 4, that is, a shape in which the upper side is wide and the lower end 4T is narrowed by providing the inner cylindrical body 3 described above. Therefore, the mist dust MR with mass and the mist dust ML with little or no mass are separated by turning the air passage 4R.
[0022]
Further, in FIG. 4, 3B is a side surface on the side (inflow side) where dust-containing air flowing in from the supply port of the supply pipe 2 provided on the front side in the drawing starts to turn in the inner cylinder 3 described above. 3A is the opposite side surface, and the inner cylinder 3 is formed in such a manner that the inflow side side surface 3B is gently inclined at a relatively large angle with respect to the perpendicular as shown in the figure. The side surface 3A has a steep slope at a relatively small angle with respect to the perpendicular, and the center of the side surface 3A is opposite to the inflow side of the dust-containing air, that is, with respect to the center SL of the cylindrical tube 4. Since it is constructed in the shape of an oblique conical column that is eccentric to the left slightly above, after the dust-containing air flow sent from the supply port of the supply pipe 2 is smoothly received in the wide space at the upper right of the drawing, In the counterclockwise direction on the drawing with the inner cylinder 3 as the center Be one that can be pivoted to the sliding, it has a mechanism that can effectively pivot under the less pressure loss dust-containing air stream.
[0023]
Further, in the figure, reference numeral 5 denotes an exhaust duct that communicates with the secondary dust collecting unit 10 described above, and an upper end port 5H of the exhaust duct 5 provided inside the lower side of the cylindrical tube 4 is a bottom surface of the inner cylindrical body 3. And projecting coaxially with an interval toward the surface, and this interval constitutes a bypass passage 6H for the dust-containing airflow.
[0024]
Further, 6 is a conical guide formed by bending the upper end opening 5H of the exhaust duct 5 obliquely downward, 6A is a pocket portion communicating with the lower end opening 4T of the air passage 4R formed by the conical guide 6, and 6B is a cone. Mist dust, which is a narrow fall passage between the lower end of the guide 6 and the cylindrical tube 4 and swivels from the lower end opening 4T of the air passage 4R, passes from the narrow fall passage 6B through the pocket portion 6A. It consists of a mechanism that drops down.
[0025]
1, 2, and 4, reference numeral 7 denotes a hopper integrally formed on the bottom surface of the machine base T, 7 </ b> A denotes a recovery port protruding from the upper surface of the hopper 7, and FIG. 7T is a mounting flange provided at the upper end of the recovery port 7A. By connecting a mounting flange 4L provided at the lower end port of the cylindrical tube 4 to the mounting flange 7T, the pre-dust separator 1 is placed on the upper surface of the machine base T. It is held upright.
[0026]
In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 8 denotes a sealed type that collects mist and dust that are separated by the pre-dust separator 1 and fall from the lower end of the cylindrical tube 4 through the collection port 7A and the hopper 7. 2R is a moving caster attached to the bottom surface of the dust box 8, 8A is an oil outlet, 9X is a lever 9 having an operating rod 9A, as shown by a solid line in FIG. , The entire dust box 8 is lowered, and its upper end 8B can be separated from the lower end 7B of the hopper 7. On the contrary, the lever 9 is rotated downward as shown by the phantom line in FIG. Then, the entire dust box 8 is raised, and the ring device is configured so that the upper end port 8B can be connected in close contact with the lower end port 7B of the hopper 7.
[0027]
According to the pre-dust separator 1 (primary dust collecting section) configured as described above, the suction action of the blower 20T exerted through the exhaust duct 5 causes a substantially constricted shape while turning in the circumferential direction through the supply pipe 2. The dust-containing air that has been sucked into the air passage 4R is separated from the mist dust MR with mass by the centrifugal swirling action on the outer wall side of the air passage 4R, and is placed along the outer wall at the lower end. A state in which the air flow including the mist / dust ML with little or no mass that is advanced toward 4T and not subjected to the centrifugal swirling action is directed along the inner wall side of the air passage 4R or the outer surface of the inner cylinder 3 In the same way, it proceeds toward the lower end 4T.
[0028]
Next, the mass of mist dust MR... Exiting the lower end opening 4T advances in the downward direction in the drawing while turning along the inner wall surface of the cylindrical tube 4 by inertial force, and then the pocket portion 6A. Since it flows into the lower part of the wide cylindrical tube 4 through the narrow drop passage 6B and stalls, it is dropped and collected in the dust box 8 provided on the lower side through the hopper 7 as it is.
[0029]
On the other hand, the mist / dust ML with little or no mass has no inertial force, and most of the mist / dust ML is sucked and exhausted from the bypass passage 6H through the exhaust duct 5 to the secondary dust collector 10 at the rear stage. Mist dust ML in the suction exhaust is filtered by a filter (described later) on the secondary dust collecting unit 10 side.
[0030]
Further, the gas flow sucked by the blower 20T has a property of flowing through the shortest part of the pipe line, the bottom part of the inner cylinder 3 flows as the shortest flow path, and the flow velocity is the fastest. The air flow that travels while turning on the inner wall side of the gas passes through this part and descends the part of the bypass passage 6H, and the secondary dust collection through the exhaust duct 5 together with the above-mentioned low or no mist dust ML. Suction to the part 10 side.
[0031]
Further, the mist dust MR having a mass separated as described above is guided by the conical guide 6 and easily falls into the lower dust box 8, and the dust dropping path is formed by the conical guide 6 and the cylindrical tube 4. Since 6B is made narrow, mist, dust MR, etc. that have fallen to the dust box 8 side will not rise again and be sucked to the exhaust duct 5 side, thereby preventing suction to the secondary dust collecting part 10. Can do.
[0032]
Next, the configuration of the secondary dust collecting unit 10 provided with the above-described filter will be described with reference to the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 5. In the figure, 10X is a casing connected to the suction duct 21 of the above-described blower 20T. A dust collection chamber provided inside the casing 10X, 11 is a filter chamber provided in the dust collection chamber 10B, 10R is an inflow cylinder of dust-containing airflow continuously provided on one side of the dust collection chamber 10B, and 10A is an inflow passage thereof. Then, by connecting the mounting flange 5T provided at the front end of the exhaust duct 5 to the mounting flange 10T provided at the front end of the inflow cylinder 10R, the secondary is placed downstream of the pre-dust separator 1 (primary dust collecting part). The dust collecting unit 10 is configured to communicate with each other.
[0033]
11S and 11T are the inlet and outlet of the filter chamber 11, 10C is a collision plate for dust-containing air flow, 13 is an oil sump chamber provided below the dust collection chamber 10B, and 14 is an on-off valve (normal valve or reverse valve). An oil discharge port provided with a stop valve) is configured so that the oil discharged in the oil storage chamber 13 can be discharged from the oil discharge port 14 to the outside or the dust box 8 described above.
[0034]
Further, in the drawing, 11A, 11B, and 11C are filters that are stored in the filter chamber 11 in a substantially vertical state with respect to the air flow and are stacked in three layers, and 12 is a handle for removing the filter. The two front and rear filters 11A and 11C on the air inlet 11S side and the outlet 11T side are coarse and sparse filters using a foamed urethane material having an eye size of 500 to 300 microns, Moreover, the intermediate filter 11B swallowed between the sparse filters 11A and 11C before and after these is finely sized using Kapok fibers having a size of 20 microns to 10 microns. A dense filter, which is composed of these three filters 11A, 11B, and 11C, from the air flow flowing in the direction of each arrow. It has a mechanism for collecting and removing Irumisuto.
[0035]
Since the secondary dust collecting unit 10 used in the present invention has the above-described configuration, it includes fine oil mist sucked into the inflow cylinder 10R of the dust collecting chamber 10B by the suction action of the blower 20T as indicated by an arrow. The airflow first passes through a sparse filter 11A on the inlet 11S side, and is then collected by a dense filter 11B in which fine oil mist is interposed.
[0036]
Next, as the oil mist content of the dense filter 11B increases with time, the sparse filters 11A and 11C in contact with both sides of the dense filter 11B transfer and absorb this oil mist (infiltration absorption). After that, the oil mist travels along these sparse filters 11A and 11C and drops in its own weight into the lower oil sump chamber 13, and is appropriately discharged from the oil drain port 14 to the outside or the dust box 8. The
[0037]
Further, in the present invention, as the material of the above-described dense filter 11B, in particular, the Kapok fiber formed with a very small eye size of 20 microns to 10 microns is used. Since only the oil mist can be captured when passing through and absorbed in the fiber chamber, the oil mist is not scattered by the passing air, and the air flow passes between the fibers. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the air pressure loss, and without absorbing the oil mist in the fiber, compared with the conventional filter using ordinary chemical fiber that collects the oil mist between the fibers. The air pressure loss can be reduced.
[0038]
Further, in the present invention, as the material of the front and rear sparse filters 11A and 11C, a foamed urethane material having a relatively large eye size of 500 to 300 microns is used to absorb the sparse filters 11A and 11C. The oil mist overflowing from the dense filter 11B swallowed in the center with improved performance is surely sucked, and the oil mist is lowered to the lower oil sump chamber 13 side and discharged to the outside or the dust box 8. It is possible.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the dust collecting apparatus according to the present invention, various kinds of mist and dust such as cutting oil, oil mist, or cutting powder are first separated into a primary dust collecting unit (pre-dust separation). ) And reliably collect and collect almost all of it from the dust-containing airflow without scattering to the surroundings, and then the secondary dust collecting part has an excellent collecting action of a special filter provided almost vertically. Because it collects fine mist and dust that could not be collected in the primary dust collection part, it can exhibit an extremely excellent filtration effect and fine mist collected in the filter of the secondary dust collection part -Since dust can be naturally discharged by its own weight drop, the life of the filter can be extended, and a stable dust collection effect can be exhibited over a long period of time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view illustrating the entirety of a dust collector according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a front sectional view for explaining the structure of a primary dust collector (pre-dust separator) used in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a front sectional view showing, in an enlarged manner, the structure of a secondary dust collecting portion provided with a filter used in the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Pre-dust separator (primary dust collector)
2 Supply pipe 3 Inner cylinder 4 Cylindrical pipe 4R Air passage 5 Exhaust duct 8 Dust box 10 Secondary dust collector 11 Filter room
11A, 11B, 11C filters 13 Oil sump chamber 14 Oil drain port with valve 20T Blower MR Mist mist with mass ML Mist dust with little or no mass

Claims (4)

The dust-containing airflow that is sucked in through the suction passage under the suction action of the blower separates dust such as chips and oil through the primary dust collector, and then passes through the secondary dust collector equipped with a filter. A dust collector configured to collect mist and the like,
The primary dust collector is opened upward with a cylindrical pipe connected to a supply pipe into which dust-containing airflow flows in the upper tangential direction, and the upper end of the cylindrical pipe on the lower side inside the cylindrical pipe. Exhaust duct configured to communicate with the secondary dust collecting portion, and dust, such as swarf and oil, falling in a mass while turning along the inner wall surface of the cylindrical tube And an inner cylinder body generally formed in a conical column shape in the upper air passage of the cylindrical tube, and the dust-containing airflow flowing into the cylindrical tube is While configured to swivel along the outer peripheral surface of this inner cylinder,
A filter for collecting mist is arranged substantially perpendicularly to the dust-containing airflow sent through the exhaust duct of the primary dust collector, and the lower side of the filter. Has a collecting unit for collecting a condensed liquid such as oil, and is configured to collect the mist collected by the filter.   The filter of the secondary dust collection part is configured by arranging coarse and sparse filters on the air inflow side and the outflow side, and sandwiching fine filters between these two sides. The dust collector according to claim 1. The sparse filter material is a foamed urethane material with an eye size of 300 to 500 microns, and the dense filter material has an eye size of 10 to 20 microns. 3. The dust collector according to claim 2 , wherein the dust collector is a formed Kapok fiber.   The aggregated liquid collection part of the secondary dust collection part is provided with an oil outlet with a valve for discharging liquid such as oil to the outside of the secondary dust collection part or to the dust box of the primary dust collection part The dust collector according to claim 1.

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