JP3779283B2 - High-speed rail car body structure - Google Patents

High-speed rail car body structure Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3779283B2
JP3779283B2 JP2003138535A JP2003138535A JP3779283B2 JP 3779283 B2 JP3779283 B2 JP 3779283B2 JP 2003138535 A JP2003138535 A JP 2003138535A JP 2003138535 A JP2003138535 A JP 2003138535A JP 3779283 B2 JP3779283 B2 JP 3779283B2
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web
vehicle body
interior
vehicle
harmonica
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JP2004338601A (en
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利行 平嶋
悟 秋山
貴士 三木
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Kawasaki Motors Ltd
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Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、新幹線などの高速鉄道車両の車体構造に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、高速鉄道車両においては、高速化の点から、車体重量を軽量にすることが望まれる。
【0003】
一方、騒音問題を解消するために、遮音性を確保する必要があるが、その遮音性を確保するためには、次のように構成すればよいことが知られている。
(i)空気層(外板と内装板との間の空気層)の厚さを大きくする。
(ii)内装板の面密度(単位面積あたりの質量)を大きくする。
(iii)外板の面密度を大きくする。
【0004】
そこで、前記(i)〜(iii)の観点から、高速化と騒音低減の両立を図るためには、たとえば内装板の面密度を大きくするのであれば、車体の重量を変更しないために、その分だけ他の部分で軽量にしなければならない。また、遮音性を高めるためには、空気層を多くとればよいことから、外板の厚さを薄くすることも有利である。
【0005】
ところで、従来の車体構造の外板としては、きわめて高価なハニカム構造を利用したもののほか、コスト面で有利である外板として、例えば図9に示すように、トラス型断面の中空形材100を用いる、いわゆるダブルスキン構造のものが知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
【0006】
また、例えば図10に示すように、シングルスキン形材101(T型リブ付き大型形材)を用いる、いわゆるシングルスキン構造の外板も知られている。
【0007】
【特許文献1】
特開平10−86820号公報(段落番号0008、図1参照)
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
トラス型断面ダブルスキン構造の外板パネルを用いる場合には、面密度は大きいが、図11に示すように、中空形材100の総厚t1が50mm程度であるため、空気層の厚さt2(内装板102までの距離)としては50mm程度しか確保することができず、遮音性の点で不利である。また、軽量化の点でも不利である。すなわち、縦横の剛性比を最適化できず、無駄が多いのに加えて、中空形材(ダブルスキン構造)の寸法精度に限界がある。つまり、中空形材100の面板部100a,100bの厚さt3を2mm〜1.8mm、ウエブ100cの厚さt4を1.5mm程度までにしかすることができず、車体の強度上は厚さが必要ないにもかかわらず、薄くすることができない。これは、トラス型断面であると、形材断面が上下非対称であるため、押し出し成形する際に流動が不安定になって中子が揺れ、板厚にばらつきが生じるので、余代を見込んで成形する必要があるためである。
【0009】
一方、シングルスキン構造の場合は、図12及び図13に示すように、外板パネル101におけるリブ101a,101a’が遮音性(遮音性能)に効果がなく、遮音性に有効である部分の面密度を重量の割に大きくとれないので、遮音性の点で不利であるが、空気層の厚さは大きくとれる。
【0010】
そこで、発明者は、ハモニカ型断面中空形材は、上下左右が対称な断面であり成型時における中子の振れが少なく、押し出し性に優れるという点に着目して、外板パネルをハモニカ型断面中空形材で構成し、フレームを介して内装板に結合するようにすれば、外板パネルの寸法精度が向上して高速化のための軽量化が図れ、空気層の増大により遮音性も確保できることに着想し、本発明を開発するに至ったものである。
【0011】
この発明は、高速化のための外板重量軽減と空気層の確保による騒音低減との両立を図った高速鉄道車両の車体構造を提供することを目的とする。
【0012】
また、外板パネルとしてハモニカ型断面中空形材を用いれば、外板パネルを含む構体重量を低減でき、その低減できた分を内装板の質量にまわせば、内装板の面密度を大きくして、遮音性を高めることができる、と考えられる。そこで、発明者は、内装板と構体との面密度20kg/m2で空気層100mmという条件の下で、内装板の占める重量割合と共鳴透過数周波数との関係を調べたところ、図18に示す結果が得られた。これから、発明者は、構体と内装板との重量に対する内装板の重量割合が一定の範囲内にあれば、遮音性に優れる構体構造が得られることも見い出した。
【0013】
この発明は、構体と内装板との重量に対する内装板の重量割合が一定の範囲内になるようにして、遮音性に優れる高速鉄道車両の車体構造を提供することを目的とする。
【0014】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1の発明は、外部に臨む外板パネルを含む構体と、その構体の一部であるフレームを介して結合され車室内に臨む内装板とを有する高速鉄道車両の車体構造において、
前記外板パネルは、2つの面板部がそれらに直交し車体長手方向に延びるウエブにて結合されるハモニカ型断面中空形材とされ、前記フレームは、前記ウエブに直交する方向に延びているとともに、前記ウエブに直交する方向に延びる取付フランジ部を有し、この取付フランジ部は、前記ハモニカ型断面中空形材の内側(車室内側)の面板部に各ウエブの部位でスポット摩擦撹拌接合(スポットFSW)されていることを特徴とする。ここで、ハモニカ型断面中空形材は、2つの面板部とウエブとによって囲まれ車体長手方向に延びる中空部が断面矩形状であるものを意味し、ウエブが縦通材(ストリンガ)としての機能を発揮するものである。ここで、高速鉄道車両の車体とは、気密構造であるため圧力が作用するものであることを意味し、例えば、一種の「圧力容器」である新幹線の車体が該当する。
【0015】
このようにすれば、外板パネルをハモニカ型断面中空形材としているので、ダブルスキン構造と同様に、外側及び内側に面板部を有することで面密度を重量に比して効率的に確保することができるため重量当たりの遮音性能を高めることができる。ハモニカ型断面中空形材は、押出し成形時に中子がふれることなく、押し出し性が向上し、寸法精度が優れることから、面板部の板厚を強度的に必要な厚さにまで下げて軽量化を図ることができる。さらに、ハモニカ型断面中空材は、ウエブに直交する方向のせん断剛性をほとんど有しないものの、その不足するせん断剛性は、前記ウエブに直交する方向に延びるフレームで補われるため、外板パネルの総厚を薄くして空気層のアップを図り、遮音性を高めることができる。このように、遮音性、軽量性についてのバランスがとれることになる。
【0016】
よって、ハモニカ型断面中空材を外板パネルに採用し、フレームを組み合わせて用いることで、高速鉄道車両の車体として必要な強度と剛性を確保して、遮音性能と軽量化の両立が図れる。
それに加えて、フレームはハモニカ型断面中空形材(外板パネル)の内側の面板部側にスポット摩擦撹拌接合により間欠的に接合するので、施工性が向上する。
【0018】
また、請求項1においてはスポット摩擦撹拌接合をしているが、それに代えて、請求項2に記載のように、取付フランジ部が、前記ハモニカ型断面中空形材の内側の面板部に各ウエブの部位でプラグ溶接(ミグスポット溶接)されているようにしてもよい。
【0019】
このようにすれば、フレームはハモニカ型断面中空形材(外板パネル)の内側の面板部側にプラグ溶接により間欠的に接合することができ、施工性が向上する。
【0022】
また、請求項3に記載のように、前記外板パネルは、車両長手方向に延びる複数の板要素が結合されてなり、その結合部分は、各板要素を構成するハモニカ型断面中空形材の端部に形成され面板部よりも厚肉である結合板部が摩擦撹拌接合又はミグ溶接されている構成とすることも可能となる。
【0025】
請求項4に記載のように、前記構体の重量と内装板の重量との和である総重量に対して、前記内装板の重量割合が15〜50%の範囲を占めている構成とすることができる。なお、前記総重量に対する内装板の重量割合は、図18に基づき、好ましくは20〜50%の範囲(より好ましくは30〜50%の範囲)を占めていることが望ましい。
【0026】
また、請求項5に記載のように、前記外板パネルと内装板との間に形成される空気層の厚さは、80〜100mmであることが望ましい。
【0027】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明の実施の形態を図面に沿って説明する。
【0028】
図1は本発明に係る実施の形態である高速鉄道車両の車体構造の要部を断面で示す斜視図である。
【0029】
図1に示すように、高速鉄道車両の車体構造は、外部に臨む外板パネル1と車室内に臨む内装板2とがフレーム3を介して結合されてなる。
【0030】
外板パネル1は、2つの面板部1a,1bがそれらに直交し車体長手方向に平行に延びるウエブ1cにて結合されるハモニカ型断面中空形材とされ、前記フレーム3が、前記ウエブ1cに直交する方向に延びている。このハモニカ型断面中空形材は、上下左右が対称な矩形断面である中空部1dが車体長手方向に延びるように配置されている。中空部1dの断面形状は、トラス型断面のダブルスキン構造の場合とは異なり、厚さ方向の長さが短く幅方向の長さがそれより長い矩形状であるので、成型時におけるダイスの中子の振れが少なく、押し出し性に優れる。例えば、面板部1a,1bが1.3〜1.5mm、ウエブ1cが0.9〜1.0mmで成立し、外板パネル1の総厚W1(板厚)を15mm程度と薄くすることができるので(図2参照)、シングルスキン構造の場合と同様に、空気層の厚さW2を大きく確保することができる。また、2つの面板部1a,1bを有するので、トラス型断面のダブルスキン構造と同様に、断面構成要素のうち遮音に効果のある部分の割合が多く、重量に比して面密度を効率的に確保でき、遮音効率の向上の点で有利である。
【0031】
それに加えて、車体構造として同じ質量とするのであれば、(従来構造よりも)外板パネルをできるだけ軽くする一方、内装板2を重く柔らかくして、空気層を確保し、フレームを少なくした方が遮音構造としては優れることも確認されており、この点からも、前述したように外板パネル1の面板部及びウエブの板厚と外板パネル1の総厚を薄くできるのは、遮音効率の向上に有利であると言える。
【0032】
前記フレーム3は、前記ウエブ1cに直交する方向に延びるものであり、内側(車室内側)の面板部1bに直交する縦板部3aと、この縦板部3aの外側端に連接され内側の面板部1bに沿って延びる外側取付フランジ部3bと、この縦板部3aの内側端に連接され内装板2に接合される内側取付フランジ部3cとを有する。この内側取付フランジ部3cの先端縁には、さらに、縦板部3aと平行に延びる延長部3dに連接されている。
【0033】
なお、前記フレーム3の断面形状は、重量と強度とのバランスを考える上でもっとも合理的なものであるが、これに限定されるものではなく、ハット形状としてもよい。このフレーム3”は、図2に示すようにフレーム3を対称に並べてフランジ部3cを結合したものであるから、外板パネル1の接合方法や内装板2の取付方法において本質的な相違はない。
【0034】
この外側取付フランジ部3bは、図2に示すように、外板パネル1(ハモニカ型断面中空形材)の内側面板部1bに対し各ウエブ1cの部位で、回転工具11にてスポット摩擦撹拌接合されている。すなわち、一定間隔(ウエブ1cの設けられている間隔)ごとに間欠的に接合されている(接合点P参照)。
【0035】
ここで、ハモニカ型断面中空形材の場合には、上下左右対称断面なので、押し出し性がよく、ウエブ1cの配列ピッチを小さくすることができる。例えばシングルスキン形材の場合には、図13に示すように、ウエブの配列ピッチがL1=100mm程度であるが、ハモニカ型断面中空形材の場合には、図3に示すように、ウエブの配列ピッチをL2=50mm程度にできる。よって、ウエブのピッチを小さくした分だけ、面板部の板厚を薄くでき、重量軽減に有利である。
【0036】
すなわち、従来のシングルスキン構造の場合には、図13に示すように、シングルスキン形材101のウエブ101aに連接するフランジ101bに断面ハット形状のフレーム104をスポットFSWする場合には、ミグ溶接ほど継ぎ手効率がよくないので、ウエブ101aのピッチL1を小さくする必要があるが、上下非対称な断面を持つ形材101の押し出し精度の問題から、ハモニカ型断面中空形材(外板パネル1)のように、そのウエブのピッチを小さくすることに応じて板厚を薄くすることが困難であり、不必要に重量増加の原因となる。さらに、図13に示すように形材101のTリブにフレーム104を接合する構造では、フレーム104が面外に曲げを受ける場合、形材101の面板部がフレームと直接に接合されていないので、これがフレームの変形に追従せず、面板部は強度部材として機能しない。つまり、その分フレームの板厚を大きくとらなければならないので、やはり重量的に不利である。このことを回避する場合、またあるいは接合法として抵抗スポットを適用する場合、図14に示すように、シングルスキン形材201の面板部201aとフレーム202とを直接に接合しなければならないことから、フレーム202にストリンガ部(ウエブ201b)を逃げるための切り欠き202aを設けてやる必要があり、コストアップの原因となる。
【0037】
また、前記外板パネル1は、図4に示すように、複数の形材1A,1Bが接合されてなり(接合線は車体長手方向に延びる)、その接合部分Sは、各形材1A,1B(ハモニカ型断面中空形材)の端部に、面板部1Aa,1Ab,1Ba,1Bbやウエブ1Ac,1Bcよりも厚肉である結合板部1Ad,1Bdが形成され、それらが突き合わされた状態で摩擦撹拌接合(又はミグ溶接)されている。これは、板要素1A,1B(外板パネル1)は、要所にフレーム3が設けられており、ダブルスキン構造のように、必ずしも面板部1Aa,1Ba同士及び面板部1Ab,1Bb同士を接合する必要がないからである。
【0038】
すなわち、従来のトラス型ダブルスキン構造の場合には、図15に示すように、外側及び内側の面板部100a,100a’及び面板部100b,100b’を接合(ミグ溶接又は摩擦撹拌接合)しなければならない。つまり、外側及び内側の両側から接合しなければならないので、2つの接合部分S1,S2があり、組んだ2つの形材100,100’について一方の側を接合した後、他方の側を接合するために裏返す必要があり、接合作業が面倒であった。また、図16に示すように、ハモニカ型断面中空形材の場合と同様に、一方の側からの接合のみの構造とすることも可能であるが、その場合には、他方の側にふさぎ板105を設け、それを接合する必要があるため、その接合線が2つで、接合部分S3〜S5が合計で3つになり、図15に示す場合よりも、さらに1つ接合線の数が増える(たとえば特開平09−221024号公報参照)。
【0039】
上述したほか、本発明に係る高速鉄道車両の車体構造は、次のように構成することも可能である。
【0040】
前記フレームと外板パネルの内側の面板部との接合は、必ずしもスポットFSWで行う必要はなく、代わりにプラグ溶接やリベット結合とすることもできる。また、これらのような間欠的な接合だけでなく、ミグ溶接により連続的に接合することも可能である。この場合、図5に示すように、フレーム3’は、断面コの字形状で、フレーム長手方向に延びる取付部3a’を有し、この取付部3a’が、外板パネル1(ハモニカ型断面中空形材)の内側の面板部1bに連続的にミグ溶接されている(接合部分(溶接部分)S’参照)。
【0041】
このようにすれば、連続ミグ溶接できるので、継ぎ手効率がよくなり、面板部1a,1bの板厚t11が1.3〜1.5mm、ウエブ1cの板厚t12が0.9〜1.0mm、ピッチL2が50mm程度、フレーム3’(側柱(タルキ)幅170mm×高さ85〜112mm)の厚さt13が2〜3mmと薄くすることも可能となる。なお、外板パネル1の総厚W1は15mmである。また、3eは軽量孔である。
【0042】
すなわち、従来のシングルスキン構造の場合には、ミグ溶接においては、図17に示すように、溶接止端部は溶接品質が悪い上に、溶接ビードSが間欠的で短いので、接合の信頼性が低く、継ぎ手効率がよくない。そのため、その分Tリブフランジ部の板厚t21を2mm、それと接合されるフレーム102’の板厚t23も2mm以上にする必要がある。加えて、フレームが曲げ変形を受けるとき、形材101の面板部は強度部材として寄与しないので、フレーム102’の板厚t23はさらに4mmと大きくとらなければならない。
【0043】
続いて、構体と内装板との重量に対する、内装板の重量比による遮音性についての実験結果について説明する。表1に示すケース1〜3の場合について実験を行った。
【0044】
【表1】

Figure 0003779283
試験結果は、図6に示すとおりである。すなわち、内装板の重量比(重量割合)が高いほど、音響透過損失が大きく、遮音性が高いことがわかる。
【0045】
よって、図6及び図18の結果から、前記構体の重量と内装板の重量との和である総重量に対して、前記内装板の重量割合は、遮音性の観点から、15〜50%の範囲(好ましくは20〜50%の範囲、より好ましくは30〜50%の範囲)であることが望ましい。
これは、前述したように、外板パネルをハモニカ型断面中空形材とすれば、無理なく実現される。
【0046】
また、その場合には、前記外板パネルと内装板との間に形成される空気層の厚さは、80〜100mmであることが望ましい。
【0047】
前記実施の形態は、フレーム3の取付フランジ部3aが、前記ハモニカ型断面中空形材1の内側の面板部1bに各ウエブ1cの部位でスポット摩擦撹拌接合されているが、図7に示すように、取付フランジ部3aが、前記ハモニカ型断面中空形材の内側の面板部1bに各ウエブ1cの部位でプラグ溶接されるようにしたり(溶接点P’参照)、図8に示すように、取付フランジ部3aが、前記ハモニカ型断面中空形材の内側の面板部1bに各ウエブ1cのない部位でブラインドリベット12により接合されている構成を用いることも可能である。
【0048】
【発明の効果】
この発明は、以上に説明したように実施され、外板パネルをハモニカ型断面中空形材としているので、トラス型断面のダブルスキン構造と同様に、外側及び内側に面板部を有することで、遮音として有効である部分の面密度を効率的に確保することができるのに加えて、外板パネルだけでは不足するせん断剛性を補うためのフレームを有することから、外板パネルの総厚を下げて空気層のアップを図ることができ、遮音性能をより高めることが可能となる。また、上下左右に対称な断面を持つハモニカ型断面中空形材は、前述したように、中子がふれることなく、押し出し性が向上し、寸法精度が高まるので、外板パネルにおける面板部やウエブの板厚を下げて軽量化が図れる。このように、遮音性、軽量性、コスト維持についてのバランスがとれることになる。
【0049】
よって、ハモニカ型断面中空形材を外板パネルに採用することで、車体として必要な剛性を確保して、遮音性能と軽量化の両立が図れる。
それに加えて、フレームはハモニカ型断面中空形材(外板パネル)の内側の面板部側にスポット摩擦撹拌接合により間欠的に接合するので、施工性が向上する。
【0050】
さらに、外板パネルを軽量化した分を、内装板に付与して内装板の面密度を高め、構体と内装板との面密度の比率を変えることにより、さらに遮音性能の向上を図ることもできる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る実施の形態である高速鉄道車両の車体構造の要部を断面で示す図である。
【図2】前記車体構造において、外板パネルとフレームとを接合する方法の説明図である。
【図3】本発明に係る実施の形態である高速鉄道車両の車体構造の接合部分の説明図である。
【図4】本発明に係る実施の形態である高速鉄道車両の車体構造の、構体同士の接合部分の説明図である。
【図5】本発明に係る実施の形態である高速鉄道車両の車体構造の、フレームと外板パネルとの接合部分の他の実施の形態を示す図である。
【図6】試験結果の説明図である。
【図7】他の実施の形態についての図3と同様の図である。
【図8】他の実施の形態についての図3と同様の図である。
【図9】従来の高速鉄道車両の車体構造(ダブルスキン構造)の要部斜視図である。
【図10】従来の高速鉄道車両の構体構造(シングルスキン構造)の要部斜視図である。
【図11】図9に示す構造の詳細図である。
【図12】図10に示す構造の詳細図である。
【図13】従来のシングルスキン形材を用いた場合の構造の説明図である。
【図14】従来のシングルスキン形材を用いた場合の別の構造の説明図である。
【図15】従来のダブルスキン構造の中空形材を用いた場合の、構体同士の接合部分の説明図である。
【図16】従来のダブルスキン構造の中空形材を用いた場合の、他の構体同士の接合部分の説明図である。
【図17】従来の構造の、フレームと外板パネル(シングルスキン構造)との接合部分の他の実施の形態を示す図である。
【図18】内装板の占める重量割合と共鳴透過数周波数との関係を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 外板パネル
1a 面板部(外板)
1b 面板部(内板)
1c ウエブ
1d 中空部
2 内装板
3 フレーム
3c 内側取付フランジ部
11 回転工具
12 ブラインドリベット[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vehicle body structure of a high-speed railway vehicle such as a Shinkansen.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, in a high-speed railway vehicle, it is desired to reduce the weight of the vehicle body from the viewpoint of speeding up.
[0003]
On the other hand, in order to solve the noise problem, it is necessary to ensure sound insulation. However, in order to ensure the sound insulation, it is known that the following configuration may be used.
(i) Increase the thickness of the air layer (the air layer between the outer plate and the interior plate).
(ii) Increase the surface density (mass per unit area) of the interior panel.
(iii) Increase the surface density of the outer plate.
[0004]
Therefore, from the viewpoints of (i) to (iii) above, in order to achieve both high speed and noise reduction, for example, if the surface density of the interior plate is increased, the weight of the vehicle body is not changed. You have to make it lighter in other parts. Moreover, in order to improve the sound insulation, it is only necessary to increase the air layer, so it is advantageous to reduce the thickness of the outer plate.
[0005]
By the way, as the outer plate of the conventional vehicle body structure, in addition to using an extremely expensive honeycomb structure, as an outer plate that is advantageous in terms of cost, for example, as shown in FIG. A so-called double skin structure is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0006]
For example, as shown in FIG. 10, an outer plate having a so-called single skin structure using a single skin shape member 101 (large shape shape with T-shaped ribs) is also known.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-86820 (see paragraph number 0008, FIG. 1)
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When an outer panel having a truss-type cross-section double skin structure is used, the surface density is large, but the total thickness t1 of the hollow shape member 100 is about 50 mm as shown in FIG. As the (distance to the interior plate 102), only about 50 mm can be secured, which is disadvantageous in terms of sound insulation. It is also disadvantageous in terms of weight reduction. That is, the vertical / horizontal rigidity ratio cannot be optimized, and there is a lot of waste, and there is a limit to the dimensional accuracy of the hollow shape member (double skin structure). That is, the thickness t3 of the face plate portions 100a and 100b of the hollow shape member 100 can only be set to 2 mm to 1.8 mm, and the thickness t4 of the web 100c can be limited to about 1.5 mm. Although it is not necessary, it cannot be thinned. If this is a truss-type cross section, the cross section of the profile is asymmetrical, so the flow becomes unstable during extrusion, the core sways, and the plate thickness varies. This is because it is necessary to mold.
[0009]
On the other hand, in the case of a single skin structure, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the ribs 101a and 101a ′ of the outer panel 101 have no effect on the sound insulation (sound insulation performance) and are effective for the sound insulation. Since the density cannot be increased for the weight, it is disadvantageous in terms of sound insulation, but the thickness of the air layer can be increased.
[0010]
Therefore, the inventor paid attention to the fact that the harmonica-shaped cross-section hollow shape has a symmetrical cross-section in the top, bottom, left and right, has little core deflection during molding, and has excellent extrudability. If it is made of a hollow material and is connected to the interior panel via a frame, the dimensional accuracy of the outer panel can be improved, the weight can be reduced for higher speed, and the sound insulation is also secured by increasing the air layer. The idea of what can be done has led to the development of the present invention.
[0011]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle body structure for a high-speed railway vehicle that achieves both reduction in the weight of the outer plate for speeding up and noise reduction by securing an air layer.
[0012]
In addition, if a harmonica-shaped hollow cross-section material is used as the outer panel, the weight of the structure including the outer panel can be reduced, and if the reduced amount is added to the mass of the inner panel, the surface density of the inner panel is increased. Therefore, it is thought that sound insulation can be improved. Therefore, the inventor examined the relationship between the weight ratio of the interior board and the resonant transmission number frequency under the condition that the surface density of the interior board and the structure was 20 kg / m 2 and the air layer was 100 mm. The results shown are obtained. From this, the inventor has also found that if the weight ratio of the interior plate to the weight of the assembly and the interior plate is within a certain range, a structure having excellent sound insulation can be obtained.
[0013]
An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle body structure for a high-speed railway vehicle that is excellent in sound insulation, so that the weight ratio of the interior plate to the weight of the structure and the interior plate is within a certain range.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of claim 1 is a vehicle body structure of a high-speed railway vehicle having a structure including an outer panel facing the outside, and an interior plate that is coupled via a frame that is a part of the structure and faces the vehicle interior .
The skin panel has two face plates portion is a harmonica-section hollow shape members are joined by webs extending in the longitudinal direction of the car body perpendicular thereto, said frame, together it extends in a direction perpendicular to the web And a mounting flange portion extending in a direction orthogonal to the web, and the mounting flange portion is spot friction stir welded to the face plate portion on the inner side (vehicle interior side) of the harmonica-shaped cross section hollow member at each web site ( Spot FSW) . Here, the harmonica-shaped cross-section hollow shape means that the hollow portion surrounded by two face plate portions and the web and extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body has a rectangular cross section, and the web functions as a stringer. To demonstrate. Here, the high-speed railway vehicle body means an airtight structure and means that pressure acts on the high-speed railway vehicle. For example, a Shinkansen vehicle body which is a kind of “pressure vessel” is applicable.
[0015]
In this way, since the outer plate panel is made of a harmonica-shaped cross-section hollow shape member, the surface density is efficiently ensured compared to the weight by having the face plate portions on the outer side and the inner side similarly to the double skin structure. Therefore, the sound insulation performance per weight can be improved. The harmonica cross-section material is lightweight by reducing the thickness of the face plate to the required thickness because the core is not touched during extrusion molding, extrudability is improved, and dimensional accuracy is excellent. Can be achieved. Furthermore, although the harmonica cross-section hollow material has almost no shear rigidity in the direction perpendicular to the web, the insufficient shear rigidity is compensated by a frame extending in the direction perpendicular to the web, so that the total thickness of the outer panel is increased. By reducing the thickness of the air layer, the air layer can be increased and the sound insulation can be improved. Thus, a balance between sound insulation and light weight can be achieved.
[0016]
Therefore, by adopting a harmonica-shaped hollow cross-section material for the outer panel and using it in combination with the frame, the strength and rigidity necessary for the vehicle body of a high-speed railway vehicle can be secured, and both sound insulation performance and weight reduction can be achieved.
In addition, since the frame is intermittently joined by spot friction stir welding to the inner face plate portion side of the harmonica-shaped hollow section (outer plate panel), the workability is improved.
[0018]
Further, in claim 1 , spot friction stir welding is performed, but instead, as described in claim 2 , a mounting flange portion is provided on each inner face plate portion of the harmonica-shaped cross-section hollow web. Plug welding (Mig spot welding) may be performed at the part.
[0019]
If it does in this way, a flame | frame can be intermittently joined to a face-plate part side inside a harmonica type cross-section hollow shape material (outer panel) by plug welding , and workability improves.
[0022]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the outer panel includes a plurality of plate elements extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and the connecting portion is formed of a harmonica-shaped cross-section hollow shape member that constitutes each plate element. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the coupling plate portion formed at the end portion and thicker than the face plate portion is friction stir welded or MIG welded.
[0025]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the weight ratio of the inner panel occupies a range of 15 to 50% with respect to the total weight that is the sum of the weight of the structure and the weight of the inner panel. Can do. The weight ratio of the interior panel to the total weight is preferably in the range of 20 to 50% (more preferably in the range of 30 to 50%) based on FIG.
[0026]
Moreover, as described in claim 5 , it is desirable that the thickness of the air layer formed between the outer panel and the interior panel is 80 to 100 mm.
[0027]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0028]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a cross section of a main part of a vehicle body structure of a high-speed railway vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle body structure of a high-speed railway vehicle includes an outer plate panel 1 facing the outside and an interior plate 2 facing the vehicle interior via a frame 3.
[0030]
The outer panel 1 is formed of a harmonica-shaped cross-sectional hollow member in which two face plate portions 1a and 1b are joined by a web 1c extending perpendicular to them and extending in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the frame 3 is attached to the web 1c. It extends in the orthogonal direction. This harmonica-shaped cross-section hollow shape member is arranged such that a hollow portion 1d having a rectangular cross section symmetrical in the vertical and horizontal directions extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. The cross-sectional shape of the hollow portion 1d is a rectangular shape having a short length in the thickness direction and a longer length in the width direction, unlike a double skin structure having a truss-type cross section. There is little run-out of the child and excellent extrudability. For example, the face plate portions 1a and 1b are formed with 1.3 to 1.5 mm and the web 1c with 0.9 to 1.0 mm, and the total thickness W1 (plate thickness) of the outer panel 1 is reduced to about 15 mm. Therefore, as in the case of the single skin structure, a large air layer thickness W2 can be secured. In addition, since the two face plate portions 1a and 1b are provided, as in the case of the double skin structure of the truss type cross section, the proportion of the cross-section components that are effective in sound insulation is large, and the surface density is more efficient than the weight. This is advantageous in terms of improving sound insulation efficiency.
[0031]
In addition, if the same mass as the vehicle body structure, the outer panel is made as light as possible (compared to the conventional structure), while the interior panel 2 is made heavier and softer to secure an air layer and reduce the number of frames. Has been confirmed to be excellent as a sound insulation structure, and also from this point, the thickness of the face plate portion and web of the outer panel 1 and the total thickness of the outer panel 1 can be reduced as described above. It can be said that it is advantageous for improvement.
[0032]
The frame 3 extends in a direction orthogonal to the web 1c, and is connected to an inner side (vehicle interior side) vertical plate portion 3a orthogonal to the face plate portion 1b and an outer end of the vertical plate portion 3a. It has an outer mounting flange portion 3b extending along the face plate portion 1b and an inner mounting flange portion 3c connected to the inner end of the vertical plate portion 3a and joined to the interior plate 2. The leading edge of the inner mounting flange portion 3c is further connected to an extension portion 3d extending in parallel with the vertical plate portion 3a.
[0033]
The cross-sectional shape of the frame 3 is the most reasonable in consideration of the balance between weight and strength, but is not limited to this, and may be a hat shape. As shown in FIG. 2, the frame 3 ″ is obtained by arranging the frames 3 symmetrically and connecting the flange portions 3 c, so there is no essential difference in the method of joining the outer panel 1 and the method of attaching the interior plate 2. .
[0034]
As shown in FIG. 2, the outer mounting flange portion 3b is spot friction stir welded by a rotary tool 11 at the portion of each web 1c with respect to the inner side surface plate portion 1b of the outer plate panel 1 (hamonica-type hollow cross section). Has been. That is, they are joined intermittently at regular intervals (intervals where the web 1c is provided) (see the joining point P).
[0035]
Here, in the case of a harmonica-shaped cross-section hollow profile, since it is a vertically and horizontally symmetrical section, the extrudability is good and the arrangement pitch of the webs 1c can be reduced. For example, in the case of a single skin profile, as shown in FIG. 13, the arrangement pitch of the web is about L1 = 100 mm. However, in the case of a harmonica cross-section profile, as shown in FIG. The arrangement pitch can be about L2 = 50 mm. Therefore, the thickness of the face plate portion can be reduced by the reduction of the web pitch, which is advantageous for weight reduction.
[0036]
In other words, in the case of the conventional single skin structure, as shown in FIG. 13, when spot FSW is performed on the flange 104b connected to the web 101a of the single skin shape member 101 with the cross-sectional hat-shaped frame 104, MIG welding is performed. Since the joint efficiency is not good, it is necessary to reduce the pitch L1 of the web 101a. However, because of the problem of the extrusion accuracy of the profile 101 having an asymmetrical cross-section, it looks like a harmonica cross section (outer panel 1). In addition, it is difficult to reduce the plate thickness in accordance with the reduction of the pitch of the web, which unnecessarily increases the weight. Further, in the structure in which the frame 104 is joined to the T-rib of the profile 101 as shown in FIG. 13, when the frame 104 is bent out of plane, the face plate portion of the profile 101 is not directly joined to the frame. This does not follow the deformation of the frame, and the face plate portion does not function as a strength member. That is, the frame thickness must be increased accordingly, which is also disadvantageous in terms of weight. When avoiding this, or when applying a resistance spot as a bonding method, as shown in FIG. 14, the face plate portion 201a of the single skin shape member 201 and the frame 202 must be directly bonded. It is necessary to provide the frame 202 with a notch 202a for escaping the stringer portion (web 201b), which causes an increase in cost.
[0037]
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the outer panel 1 is formed by joining a plurality of shape members 1A and 1B (the joining line extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body), and the joining portion S includes the shape members 1A and 1B. 1B (Harmonica type cross-section hollow profile) is formed with joined plate portions 1Ad, 1Bd that are thicker than the face plate portions 1Aa, 1Ab, 1Ba, 1Bb and the webs 1Ac, 1Bc, and they are butted together And friction stir welding (or MIG welding). This is because the plate elements 1A and 1B (outer plate panel 1) are provided with a frame 3 at the main points, and the face plate portions 1Aa and 1Ba and the face plate portions 1Ab and 1Bb are joined together like a double skin structure. Because there is no need to do.
[0038]
That is, in the case of the conventional truss type double skin structure, as shown in FIG. 15, the outer and inner face plate portions 100a and 100a ′ and the face plate portions 100b and 100b ′ must be joined (MIG welding or friction stir welding). I must. That is, since it has to be joined from both the outer side and the inner side, there are two joining portions S1 and S2, and after joining one side of the assembled two shape members 100 and 100 ′, the other side is joined. Therefore, it was necessary to turn it over and the joining work was troublesome. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 16, it is possible to have a structure in which only one side is joined, as in the case of the harmonica-shaped cross-section hollow shape material, in which case the cover plate is placed on the other side. 105, and it is necessary to join them, so that there are two joint lines, and the joint portions S3 to S5 are three in total, and the number of joint lines is one more than in the case shown in FIG. (For example, refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-221024).
[0039]
In addition to the above, the vehicle body structure of a high-speed railway vehicle according to the present invention can be configured as follows.
[0040]
The frame and the inner face plate portion of the outer panel do not necessarily have to be joined by the spot FSW, but can be replaced by plug welding or rivet connection. Further, not only intermittent joining as described above but also continuous joining by MIG welding is possible. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the frame 3 ′ has a U-shaped cross section and has a mounting portion 3 a ′ extending in the longitudinal direction of the frame, and this mounting portion 3 a ′ is the outer panel 1 (hamonica type cross section). MIG welding is continuously performed on the inner face plate portion 1b of the hollow shape member (see the joining portion (welded portion) S ′).
[0041]
In this way, since continuous MIG welding can be performed, the joint efficiency is improved, the plate thickness t11 of the face plate portions 1a and 1b is 1.3 to 1.5 mm, and the plate thickness t12 of the web 1c is 0.9 to 1.0 mm. The thickness t13 of the pitch L2 is about 50 mm and the frame 3 ′ (side pillar (talc) width 170 mm × height 85 to 112 mm) can be reduced to 2 to 3 mm. The total thickness W1 of the outer panel 1 is 15 mm. 3e is a lightweight hole.
[0042]
That is, in the case of the conventional single skin structure, in MIG welding, as shown in FIG. 17, the weld toe portion has poor weld quality and the weld bead S is intermittent and short, so that the reliability of the joint is high. Is low and joint efficiency is not good. Therefore, it is necessary to set the plate thickness t21 of the T-rib flange portion to 2 mm and the plate thickness t23 of the frame 102 ′ to be joined to 2 mm or more. In addition, when the frame is subjected to bending deformation, the face plate portion of the shape member 101 does not contribute as a strength member, so the plate thickness t23 of the frame 102 ′ must be further increased to 4 mm.
[0043]
Next, experimental results on sound insulation by the weight ratio of the interior plate to the weight of the structure and the interior plate will be described. Experiments were conducted for cases 1 to 3 shown in Table 1.
[0044]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003779283
The test results are as shown in FIG. That is, it can be seen that the higher the weight ratio (weight ratio) of the interior board, the greater the sound transmission loss and the higher the sound insulation.
[0045]
Therefore, from the results of FIGS. 6 and 18, the weight ratio of the interior panel is 15 to 50% from the viewpoint of sound insulation with respect to the total weight which is the sum of the weight of the structure and the interior panel. It is desirable that it is in the range (preferably in the range of 20-50%, more preferably in the range of 30-50%).
As described above, this can be realized without difficulty if the outer panel is made of a harmonica-shaped cross-section hollow material.
[0046]
In that case, the thickness of the air layer formed between the outer panel and the interior panel is preferably 80 to 100 mm.
[0047]
In the embodiment, the mounting flange portion 3a of the frame 3 is spot friction stir welded to the inner face plate portion 1b of the harmonica-shaped cross-section hollow profile 1 at each web 1c, as shown in FIG. In addition, the mounting flange portion 3a is plug welded to the inner face plate portion 1b of the harmonica-shaped cross-section hollow profile (see the welding point P '), as shown in FIG. It is also possible to use a configuration in which the mounting flange portion 3a is joined to the face plate portion 1b on the inner side of the harmonica-shaped cross-sectional hollow member by a blind rivet 12 at a portion where each web 1c is not provided.
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is implemented as described above and the outer panel is made of a harmonica-shaped cross-section hollow shape, the sound insulation is provided by having the face plate portions on the outer side and the inner side as in the double skin structure of the truss-type cross section. In addition to being able to efficiently ensure the surface density of the part that is effective as a frame, it has a frame to supplement the shear rigidity that is insufficient with the outer panel alone, so the total thickness of the outer panel is reduced. The air layer can be increased, and the sound insulation performance can be further improved. In addition, as described above, the harmonica-shaped hollow section having a symmetrical cross section on the top, bottom, left and right improves the extrudability and increases the dimensional accuracy without touching the core. The weight can be reduced by reducing the plate thickness. In this way, a balance is achieved with respect to sound insulation, light weight, and cost maintenance.
[0049]
Therefore, by adopting a harmonica-shaped hollow section material for the outer panel, it is possible to secure the necessary rigidity for the vehicle body and achieve both sound insulation performance and weight reduction.
In addition, since the frame is intermittently joined by spot friction stir welding to the inner face plate portion side of the harmonica-shaped hollow section (outer plate panel), the workability is improved.
[0050]
In addition, the weight reduction of the outer panel can be applied to the interior panel to increase the surface density of the interior panel and change the ratio of the surface density between the structure and the interior panel to further improve the sound insulation performance. it can.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a vehicle body structure of a high-speed railway vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a method of joining an outer panel and a frame in the vehicle body structure.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a joint portion of a vehicle body structure of a high-speed rail vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a joint portion between structures in a vehicle body structure of a high-speed railway vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the joint portion between the frame and the outer panel of the vehicle body structure of the high-speed railway vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of test results.
FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 3 for another embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 3 for another embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a main part of a vehicle body structure (double skin structure) of a conventional high-speed railway vehicle.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a main part of a structure (single skin structure) of a conventional high-speed railway vehicle.
11 is a detailed view of the structure shown in FIG.
12 is a detailed view of the structure shown in FIG.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a structure when a conventional single skin shape material is used.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory view of another structure when a conventional single skin shape material is used.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a joint portion between structures when a conventional hollow material having a double skin structure is used.
FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a joint portion between other structures when a conventional hollow skin having a double skin structure is used.
FIG. 17 is a view showing another embodiment of a joint portion between a frame and an outer panel (single skin structure) according to a conventional structure.
FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the relationship between the weight ratio occupied by the interior plate and the resonance transmission frequency.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Outer panel 1a Face plate (outer plate)
1b Face plate (inner plate)
1c Web 1d Hollow part 2 Interior plate 3 Frame 3c Inner mounting flange part 11 Rotary tool 12 Blind rivet

Claims (5)

外部に臨む外板パネルを含む構体と、その構体の一部であるフレームを介して結合され車室内に臨む内装板とを有する高速鉄道車両の車体構造において、
前記外板パネルは、2つの面板部がそれらに直交し車体長手方向に延びるウエブにて結合されるハモニカ型断面中空形材とされ、
前記フレームは、前記ウエブに直交する方向に延びているとともに、前記ウエブに直交する方向に延びる取付フランジ部を有し、この取付フランジ部は、前記ハモニカ型断面中空形材の内側の面板部に各ウエブの部位でスポット摩擦撹拌接合されていることを特徴とする高速鉄道車両の車体構造。
In the vehicle body structure of a high-speed railway vehicle having a structure including an outer panel facing the outside, and an interior plate that is coupled via a frame that is a part of the structure and faces the vehicle interior ,
The outer panel is a harmonica-shaped cross-sectional hollow member in which two face plate portions are joined by a web that is orthogonal to them and extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body,
The frame has a mounting flange portion extending in a direction orthogonal to the web and extending in a direction orthogonal to the web. The mounting flange portion is formed on a face plate portion on the inner side of the harmonica cross section. A vehicle body structure for a high-speed railway vehicle, characterized by spot friction stir welding at each web site .
外部に臨む外板パネルを含む構体と、その構体の一部であるフレームを介して結合され車室内に臨む内装板とを有する高速鉄道車両の車体構造において、
前記外板パネルは、2つの面板部がそれらに直交し車体長手方向に延びるウエブにて結合されるハモニカ型断面中空形材とされ、
前記フレームは、前記ウエブに直交する方向に延びているとともに、前記ウエブに直交する方向に延びる取付フランジ部を有し、この取付フランジ部は、前記ハモニカ型断面中空形材の内側の面板部に各ウエブの部位でプラグ溶接されていることを特徴とする高速鉄道車両の車体構造。
In the vehicle body structure of a high-speed railway vehicle having a structure including an outer panel facing the outside, and an interior plate that is coupled via a frame that is a part of the structure and faces the vehicle interior ,
The outer panel is a harmonica-shaped cross-sectional hollow member in which two face plate portions are joined by a web that is orthogonal to them and extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body,
The frame has a mounting flange portion extending in a direction orthogonal to the web and extending in a direction orthogonal to the web. The mounting flange portion is formed on a face plate portion on the inner side of the harmonica cross section. A vehicle body structure of a high-speed railway vehicle, characterized by being plug welded at each web site.
前記外板パネルは、車両長手方向に延びる複数の板要素が結合されてなり、
その結合部分は、各板要素を構成するハモニカ型断面中空形材の端部に形成され面板部よりも厚肉である結合板部が摩擦撹拌接合又はミグ溶接されている請求項1または2記載の高速鉄道車両の車体構造。
The outer panel is formed by combining a plurality of plate elements extending in the vehicle longitudinal direction,
Its binding moiety according to claim 1 or 2, wherein coupling plate portion is thicker than the formed surface plate portion at an end portion of the harmonica-shaped cross-section hollow profiles constituting each plate element is friction stir welding or MIG welding The body structure of a high-speed rail vehicle.
前記構体の重量と内装板の重量との和である総重量に対して、前記内装板の重量割合が15〜50%の範囲を占めている請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の高速鉄道車両の車体構造。The high-speed railway according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a weight ratio of the interior panel occupies a range of 15 to 50% with respect to a total weight which is a sum of a weight of the structure and an interior panel. Vehicle body structure. 前記外板パネルと内装板との間に形成される空気層の厚さは、80〜100mmである請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の高速鉄道車両の車体構造。 The vehicle body structure for a high-speed railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a thickness of an air layer formed between the outer panel and the interior panel is 80 to 100 mm .
JP2003138535A 2003-05-16 2003-05-16 High-speed rail car body structure Expired - Fee Related JP3779283B2 (en)

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