JP3778750B2 - Synthetic leather with elasticity - Google Patents

Synthetic leather with elasticity Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3778750B2
JP3778750B2 JP34877699A JP34877699A JP3778750B2 JP 3778750 B2 JP3778750 B2 JP 3778750B2 JP 34877699 A JP34877699 A JP 34877699A JP 34877699 A JP34877699 A JP 34877699A JP 3778750 B2 JP3778750 B2 JP 3778750B2
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Prior art keywords
synthetic leather
polyurethane
raised
yarn
knitted fabric
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JP2001164477A (en
Inventor
健 本上
政一 末松
比呂志 西田
俊昭 鈴木
茂 佐野
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Kyowa Leather Cloth Co Ltd
Teijin Techno Products Ltd
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Kyowa Leather Cloth Co Ltd
Teijin Techno Products Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ストレッチ性を有し、風合いが良好で、剥離強度及び引裂強度に優れ、靴を主体とした履物用、椅子張り用及び自動車内装材用などに好適な合成皮革に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般的にストレッチ性が求められる合成皮革は、基布として経編物のトリコット等が使用されていたが、引張強度、剥離強度及び引裂強度が弱い等、靴用、椅子張り用及び自動車内装材用として用いる場合、機械強度が不十分であるという問題を有していた。
【0003】
そのため、例えば、引裂強度の必要な部分では裏に引裂き強度の強い布帛やシート状物をあてがい使用しているのが現状である。
【0004】
一方、従来より、スポーツ用編物として知られている丸編物は、起毛を行った場合、グランド糸と起毛糸との供給糸長の比が1:0.3〜1:0.5であるため、起毛された毛足が短く、仮にこの編物にウレタンなどを含浸してミクロポーラス層を形成させても、基布である編物とミクロポーラス層との接着強度が低く、ミクロポーラス層の剥離が発生する上、ストレッチ性が不十分となる。
【0005】
一方、パイル編物の場合は、起毛を行った場合、グランド糸と起毛糸との供給糸長の比が1:2〜1:3であり、毛足は長くなるが、編物の引張強力が経方向でも147N/3cm程度と不十分であり、かつフィット感が損なわれるという問題があった。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、ストレッチ性を有し、風合いが良好で、引張強力、剥離強力及び引裂強力に優れ、靴を主体とした履物用、椅子張り用及び自動車内装材用に適する合成皮革を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは上記目的を達成するために鋭意検討した結果、強度とストレッチ性の両立が可能な、合成皮革に最適な基布組織を見出し、該基布にポリウレタンミクロポーラス層を積層すれば、所望の合成皮革が得られることを究明し、本発明を完成させるに至った。
【0008】
即ち、本発明によれば、ポリエステルマルチフィラメントからなるグランド糸とポリエステルマルチフィラメントからなる起毛糸から構成され、該グランド糸と該起毛糸との供給糸長の比が1:1.1〜1:1.3、目数の比が1:1である起毛編地の起毛面側に、ポリウレタン接着層、及びポリウレタン表皮層が順次積層されていることを特徴とする伸縮性を有する合成皮革が提供される。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の合成皮革の基布となる編物は、ポリエステルマルチフィラメントからなるグランド糸とポリエステルマルチフィラメントからなる起毛糸から構成されるところに大きな特徴があり、ポリエステルマルチフィラメントを用いることで合成皮革のストレッチ性、引裂強度が飛躍的に改善される。
【0010】
ポリエステルマルチフィラメントを用いてウレタン層と強固に接着させるには起毛加工を行う。起毛加工を行うことにより、例えば基布の表面にポリウレタンのミクロポーラス層を形成した場合は、該ミクロポーラス層との接着面積が大きくなり基布とミクロポラース層とが強固に接着される。
【0011】
上記のポリエステルマルチフィラメントは未延伸糸、延伸糸或いは加工糸いずれでも使用可能であるが、特に加工糸を用いるのが弾性回復率を大きくする点、風合い向上の点で望ましい。
【0012】
本発明で使用する、グランド糸として用いるポリエステルマルチフィラメントの全繊度は55.5〜166.5dtexの範囲が適しており、好ましくは83.3dtex程度を用いるのが最も適している。一方、起毛糸として用いるポリエステルマルチフィラメントの全繊度は55.5〜166.5dtexの範囲が適しており、55.5〜83.3dtexの範囲が最も好ましい。
【0013】
上記ポリエステルマルチフィラメントの全繊度が55.5dtex未満の場合は、編物とした時の弾性回復率が不足し、一方、全繊度が166.5dtexを越える場合は、編物の伸度が不足し合成皮革にした場合に風合いが悪くなる。
【0014】
上記ポリエステルマルチフィラメントのフィラメント数はその全繊度によっても異なるが、20〜150本程度が編み上げ工程、起毛工程の工程性が安定するので好ましく、特に起毛糸として用いるポリエステルマルチフィラメントのフィラメント数は、グランド糸より多い方が起毛密度が高くなりミクロポーラス層との接着性に優れるので、36〜200本程度が望ましい。しかしグランド糸と起毛糸とのフィラメント数の比は必ずしも起毛糸が大きいとは限らずその逆もありうる。
【0015】
基布に用いる編物の組織は丸編物が適しており、特に一般的にスムース調と総称されている編物が最も適している。該編物が基布に適しているのは、その編物の特性上、開反した場合に端末のカールが非常に小さく、合成皮革にするためのミクロポーラス層の積層が極めて容易であるほかに、そのミクロポーラス層の厚みを均一にできるからであり、その結果、合成皮革にした場合の品質が良好となるからである。
【0016】
さらに、スムース調の編組織は一般にランと総称されるほつれが発生しにくい構造であり、起毛糸を起毛する場合に基布のほつれが発生しないため、生産の安定性が向上するばかりでなく、合成皮革に加工した場合にその品質が良好となる。
【0017】
上記編組織における、グランド糸と起毛糸との供給糸長の比は1:1.1〜1:1.3であることが必要で、この範囲であれば、基布がミクロポーラス層と強固に接着性され、且つ起毛加工する際、起毛機のくし歯での掻き揚げ性が良好となるので、合成皮革とした時良好な弾性回復率を示す。特に供給糸長の比が1:1.1〜1:1.2が弾性回復率を発生する最も好ましい範囲である。該供給糸長の比が1:1.1〜1:1.3の範囲を外れる場合はストレッチ性と強度を兼ね備えた合成皮革を得ることはできない。
【0018】
さらに、上記編組織における目数の比は1:1であり、これ以外の場合はストレッチ性と強度を兼ね備えた合成皮革を得ることはできない。
【0019】
図1及び図2は、本発明の合成皮革の基布となる編物の編成図を示す。該編成図は編組織のみを示した図であるため、図における供給糸長の比は必ずしも1:1.1〜1:1.3とはなっていない。
【0020】
上記の方法により編成された編物は、次いで合成皮革用基布とする為に、筒状編物を切り開く開反工程、基布の油剤、糊剤、汚れ等を洗浄除去する精練工程、さらに用途によっては該編物を染める為の染色工程、乾燥工程等を経て反物として巻き上げられる、以上の各工程は従来公知のポリエステル編物で採用される工程に準じた条件で行われる。
【0021】
さらに、上記編物は起毛機により片面或いは両面を起毛された後、テンター等でファイナルセットを行う。
【0022】
前述の加工を施すことにより、得られた起毛編物は合成皮革の基布として用いるのに適した編物となる。その特徴は基布として引張強力が高く、さらに、良好なストレッチ性を有する。
【0023】
本発明における合成皮革を得るには該基布単独での機械物性の範囲が非常に重要であり、該基布の引張強力が3cm幅でそれぞれ経方向294N以上、緯方向が147N以上であることが好ましい。また、該基布の引張破断伸度は経方向10%以上、緯方向30%以上が望ましく、経緯方向の伸長回復率がそれぞれ70%以上であることが望ましい。基布の引張強力が上記範囲に満たない場合は破れが生じやすく、基布の引張破断伸度や伸長回復率が上記範囲に満たない場合は合成皮革としたときのストレッチ性が不足し、履物とした場合のフィット感、椅子張りの仕上がり品位が劣悪になることがある。
【0024】
尚、上記基布の物性測定は以下の方法で行った。
引張強力;引張強力はJIS L1068に準じて測定した。
引張破断伸度;引張破断伸度はJIS L1068に準じて測定した。
伸長回復率;伸長回復率は、幅3cm、長さ10cmの試料を引張速度300mm/分の速度で14.7Nの荷重が掛かるまで伸長させた後、同速度でもとの位置にもどし、応力伸度曲線より14.7Nが掛かるまでの最大伸び(cm)と元の位置に戻したときの残留歪み(cm)より次式により算出した。
【0025】
【数1】

Figure 0003778750
【0026】
起毛後の編物の厚さは0.5〜1.5mm範囲が好ましい。起毛の長さは、長いものから短いものまで任意に制御できるが0.5〜5mmの範囲が好ましい。
【0027】
上記基布に湿式ミクロポーラス層を形成させる場合、或いは上記基布を構成する繊維組織中にポリウレタンを付着含浸させる場合に使用できるポリウレタンは、ポリカーボネート系ポリウレタン、ポリエーテル系ポリウレタン、ポリエステル系ポリウレタン及びこれらの変成物等があげられ、椅子張り用等長期耐久性の必要な場合ポリカーボネート系ポリウレタンが好適である。
【0028】
上記湿式ミクロポーラス層の厚みは、50〜500μm程度が望ましい。その製法は基布の起毛を有する面にポリウレタン親水性有機溶媒溶液を塗布した後、水中に浸漬して溶媒を徐々に取り除きポリウレタンを凝固させて所望の厚さのミクロポーラス層を形成させる。
【0029】
また、ポリウレタンを付着含浸させる場合は、基布にポリウレタン親水性有機溶媒溶液を含浸させた後、水中に浸漬して溶媒を徐々に取り除きポリウレタンを凝固せしめて形成させる。
【0030】
次にポリウレタン表皮層は、離型紙、例えば絞付き離型紙上にポリウレタンを塗布し加熱乾燥して所望の厚みに形成させることにより製造することができる。
【0031】
このポリウレタン表皮層に使用できるポリウレタンとしては、ポリカーボネート系ポリウレタン、ポリエーテル系ポリウレタン、ポリエステル系ポリウレタン及びこれらの変成物等があげられ、椅子張り用等、長期耐久性の必要な場合ポリカーボネート系ポリウレタンが好適である。
【0032】
ポリウレタン表皮層の厚みは、10〜100μm程度で、表皮層として使用するポリウレタンの硬さは、100%モジュラスで98〜1176N/cm2が適する。
【0033】
上記ポリウレタン表皮層は、上述の離型紙上にポリウレタンを塗布し加熱乾燥する際に、ポリウレタン接着剤を塗布して加熱乾燥した後、基布の湿式ミクロポーラス層形成面あるいはポリウレタンの付着含浸面に貼りあわせて合成皮革とされる。
【0034】
このポリウレタン接着層に使用できるポリウレタンとしては、ポリカーボネート系ポリウレタン、ポリエステル系ポリウレタン及びこれらの変成物があげられ、椅子張り用等、長期耐久性が必要な場合はポリカーボネート系ポリウレタンが好適である。
【0035】
上記ポリウレタンの硬さは、100%モジュラスで98〜980N/cm2望ましくは196〜588N/cm2が好適である。
【0036】
また、この接着層に用いられる接着剤には架橋剤、必要に応じて架橋促進剤が添加される。接着層の厚みは10〜200μm程度が適切である。また、該接着層は着色されていても良い。この場合、接着層には所定の温度で接着能力の発現する着色ポリウレタンを使用する。
【0037】
ここで使用できるポリウレタンとしては、着色ポリカーボネート系ポリウレタン、着色ポリエーテル系ポリウレタン、着色ポリエステル系ポリウレタン、及びこれらの変成物があげられ、椅子張り用等、長期耐熱性が必要な場合着色ポリカーボネート系ポリウレタンが好適である。該ポリウレタンの硬さは、100%モジュラスで98〜980N/cm2望ましくは196〜588N/cm2が好適である。
【0038】
上記方法により得られた合成皮革の機械物性は引張強力が3cm幅でそれぞれ、経方向196N以上、緯方向98N以上が好ましく、該引張強度が上記の値未満の場合は、椅子張り及び自動車内装材用途に適用した場合、該合成皮革に破れが発生しやすいため、裏に引裂き強度の強い布帛やシート状物をあてがい使用する等の処置が必要となり加工コストが高いものとなる。
【0039】
また、上記該合成皮革の経緯方向の引裂強力はそれぞれ29N以上が好ましく、該引裂強力が上記の値未満の場合には、前述の引張強力の場合と同様、裏に引裂き強度の強い布帛やシート状物をあてがい使用する等の処置が必要となり加工コストが高いものとなる。
【0040】
さらに、上記合成皮革を100%伸長した後の経緯方向の弾性回復率はそれぞれ70%以上が好ましく、該弾性回復率の値が上記の値未満の場合には、特に履物用途に使用したとき、履物の特性として非常に重要なフィット感が不十分となることがある。また、該合成皮革を椅子張り及び自動車内装材用途に適用した場合には、弾性回復率が張り上げ後の品位に大きく影響するため、張り上げ品位が劣るものとなる場合がある。
【0041】
さらに、ポリレタン表皮層と起毛編地との剥離強力は29N/3cm以上が好ましく、該剥離強力の値が上記の値未満の場合には、合成皮革の摩擦等により接着耐久性が著しく悪くなる。
【0042】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例を用いて説明するが、本発明は、この実施例に限定されるものでははない。尚、実施例中の物性は下記の方法により測定した。
【0043】
(1)引張強力
引張強力はJIS K6772に基づき測定した。
【0044】
(2)伸度
伸度はJIS K6772に基づき測定した。
【0045】
(3)引裂強力
引裂強力はJIS K6772に基づき測定した。
【0046】
(4)剥離強力
剥離力試験は、幅30mm、長さ150mmの試験片を縦横の方向からそれぞれ3枚採取し、それをウレタン系ホットメルト型接着剤がコートされている25μmポリエステルフィルムに100℃の温度で貼り合わせる。この際、ホットメルト型接着剤がコートされている面と試験片のウレタン表皮層とを貼りあわせる。
その後、JIS K6772に基づいてポリレタン表皮層と起毛編地との間で剥離を行い、剥離強力を測定する。
【0047】
(5)弾性回復率
幅30mm、長さ150mmの試験片を試験長が80mmになるようにチャックに取り付け、引張速度20mm/分にて試験長の100%まで引張り、その後同速度にて元の位置までもどし、その時の残留歪み(%)を全体の変化率(100%)から差し引いた値で示す。
【0048】
[実施例1]
丸編機を用い、その全繊度が83.3dtex、フィラメント数が36のポリエステル加工糸からなるグランド糸と、全繊度が55.5dtex、フィラメント数が36のポリエステル加工糸とをその供給糸長の比が1:1.2になるよう給糸し、目数が1:1、ゲージ数が28ゲージにて編み立てた後、全繊度が55.5dtexのポリエステル加工糸を起毛し、常法により仕上げて厚さ1.2mmの起毛基布を得た。
【0049】
上記ポリエステル起毛基布に、クリスボン8006(大日本インキ化学工業(株)製)を主成分にした固形分重量比15%のDMF溶液を溶液重量で1000g/m2塗布し、水中で凝固・脱溶媒させた後、洗浄、脱水を行い、次いで120℃の熱風下で乾燥して湿式ミクロポーラス層が形成された厚さ1.3mmの合成皮革用ベースを得た。
【0050】
一方、絞付き離型紙上に100%モジュラスが1274N/cm2のレザミン8811(大日精化工業(株)製)を、乾燥後の厚さが10μmになるようナイフコーターにて塗布し、100℃で2分間熱風乾燥してポリウレタン表皮層を得、次いでこの皮膜の上に100%モジュラスが196N/cm2のレザミンME3148LP(大日精化工業(株)製)を乾燥後の厚さが20μmになるようナイフコータにて塗布し、100℃で2分間熱風乾燥させてポリウレタン接着層を得た。
【0051】
さらに、その上に、前述の合成皮革用ベースを湿式ミクロポーラス層が下側(表皮層と接触する側)になるようにして150℃で熱圧着し、40℃×24時間巻き込み状態で放置後離型紙を剥離することによりストレッチ性を有する合成皮革を得た。
【0052】
得られた合成皮革の物性は、引張強力が経方向588N/3cm、緯方向196N/3cm、伸度が経方向90%、緯方向200%、引裂強力が経方向42N、緯方向38N、剥離強力が経方向38N/3cm、緯方向38N/3cm、弾性回復率が80%であり、フィット感とストレッチ性が良好で、かつ、引張強力、引裂強力の高い合成皮革が得られた。
【0053】
[実施例2]
丸編機を用い、その全繊度が55.5dtex、フィラメント数が36のポリエステル加工糸からなるグランド糸と、全繊度が55.5dtex、フィラメント数が36のポリエステル加工糸とをその供給糸長の比が1:1.1になるよう給糸し、目数が1:1、ゲージ数が26ゲージにて編み立てた後、全繊度が55.5dtexのポリエステル加工糸を起毛し、常法により仕上げて厚さ0.8mmの起毛基布を得た。
【0054】
一方、絞付き離型紙上に100%モジュラスが1666N/cm2のクリスボン3454(大日本インキ化学工業(株)製)を、乾燥後の厚さが10μmになるようナイフコーターにて塗布し、100℃で2分間熱風乾燥してポリウレタン表皮層を得、次いでこの皮膜の上に100%モジュラスが392N/cm2のクリスボン4070(大日本インキ化学工業(株)製)を乾燥後の厚さが30μmになるようナイフコータにて塗布し、100℃で2分間熱風乾燥させてポリウレタン接着層を得た。
【0055】
さらに、その上に、前述の合成皮革用ベースを圧着し、40℃×48時間巻き込み状態で放置後離型紙を剥離することによりストレッチ性を有する合成皮革を得た。
【0056】
得られた合成皮革の物性は、引張強力が経方向235N/3cm、緯方向176N/3cm、伸度が経方向60%、緯方向200%、引裂強力が経方向30N、緯方向29N、剥離強力が経方向54N/3cm、緯方向38N/3cm、弾性回復率が80%であり、フィット感とストレッチ性が良好で、かつ、引張強力、引裂強力の高い合成皮革が得られた。
【0057】
[比較例1]
丸編機を用い、その全繊度が83.3dtex、フィラメント数が36のポリエステル加工糸からなるグランド糸と、全繊度が83.3dtex、フィラメント数が36のポリエステル加工糸とをその供給糸長の比が1:0.5になるよう給糸し、目数が1:3、ゲージ数が28ゲージにて編み立てた後、全繊度が83.3dtexのポリエステル加工糸を起毛し、常法により仕上げて厚さ0.7mmの起毛基布を得た。
【0058】
上記ポリエステル起毛基布に、湿式ミクロポーラス層を形成するウレタン溶液の塗布量を1000g/m2から800g/m2に変更する以外は実施例1と同様の処理を行い、合成皮革を得た。
【0059】
得られた合成皮革の物性は、引張強力が経方向470N/3cm、緯方向235N/3cm、伸度が経方向48%、緯方向80%、引裂強力が経方向26N、緯方向27N、剥離強力が経方向39N/3cm、緯方向34N/3cm、弾性回復率が60%であり、フィット感とストレッチ性に劣る上、引裂強力の低いものであった。
【0060】
[比較例2]
丸編機を用い、その全繊度が166.5dtex、フィラメント数が48のポリエステル加工糸からなるグランド糸と、全繊度が166.5dtex、フィラメント数が48のポリエステル加工糸とをその供給糸長の比が1:0.5になるよう給糸し、目数が1:2、ゲージ数が20ゲージにて編み立てた後、全繊度が166.5dtexのポリエステル加工糸を起毛し、常法により仕上げて厚さ1.2mmの起毛基布を得た。
【0061】
上記ポリエステル起毛基布に、実施例2と同様の処理を行い、合成皮革を得た。
【0062】
得られた合成皮革の物性は、引張強力が経方向696N/3cm、緯方向353N/3cm、伸度が経方向80%、緯方向200%、引裂強力が経方向78N、緯方向60N、剥離強力が経方向30N/3cm、緯方向29N/3cm、弾性回復率が50%であり、フィット感に劣るものであった。
【0063】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、ストレッチ性を有し、風合いが良好で、剥離強力及び引裂強力に優れ、靴を主体とした履物用、椅子張り用及び自動車内装用に適する合成皮革が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の合成皮革の基布となる編物の編成図。
【図2】本発明の合成皮革の基布となる編物の編成状態を示す模式図。
【符号の説明】
A、B 起毛糸
1〜4 グランド糸[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a synthetic leather having stretch properties, good texture, excellent peel strength and tear strength, and suitable for footwear mainly composed of shoes, for upholstery and for automobile interior materials.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Synthetic leather, which generally requires stretchability, used warp knitted tricots as the base fabric, but for shoes, chair upholstery and automotive interior materials, such as weak tensile strength, peel strength and tear strength. When using as, it had the problem that mechanical strength was inadequate.
[0003]
For this reason, for example, at the part where the tear strength is required, the fabric or sheet-like material having a strong tear strength is applied to the back side.
[0004]
On the other hand, a circular knitted fabric known as a sports knitted fabric has a ratio of a supplied yarn length of a ground yarn to a raised yarn of 1: 0.3 to 1: 0.5 when raised. The raised hair is short, and even if this knitted fabric is impregnated with urethane or the like to form a microporous layer, the adhesive strength between the knitted fabric and the microporous layer is low, and the microporous layer peels off. In addition, the stretchability is insufficient.
[0005]
On the other hand, in the case of a pile knitted fabric, when raising is performed, the ratio of the supply yarn length of the ground yarn to the raised yarn is 1: 2 to 1: 3, and the bristle length is increased, but the tensile strength of the knitted fabric is increased. Even in the direction, there was a problem that it was insufficient with about 147 N / 3 cm and the fit was impaired.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a synthetic leather having stretchability, good texture, excellent tensile strength, peel strength and tear strength, and suitable for footwear mainly composed of shoes, for upholstery and for automobile interior materials. There is to do.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventors have found a base fabric structure that is optimal for synthetic leather capable of achieving both strength and stretchability, and a polyurethane microporous layer is laminated on the base fabric. As a result, it was found that a desired synthetic leather can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed.
[0008]
That is, according to the present invention, it is composed of a ground yarn made of polyester multifilament and a raised yarn made of polyester multifilament, and the ratio of the supply yarn length of the ground yarn to the raised yarn is 1: 1.1-1: 1.3 A stretchable synthetic leather characterized in that a polyurethane adhesive layer and a polyurethane skin layer are sequentially laminated on the raised surface side of a raised knitted fabric having a mesh ratio of 1: 1 is provided. Is done.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The knitted fabric that is the base fabric of the synthetic leather of the present invention has a great feature in that it is composed of a ground yarn made of polyester multifilament and a raised yarn made of polyester multifilament. By using the polyester multifilament, a stretch of synthetic leather is made. Property and tear strength are dramatically improved.
[0010]
Raising is performed to firmly adhere to the urethane layer using a polyester multifilament. For example, when a polyurethane microporous layer is formed on the surface of the base fabric by raising the surface, the bonding area with the microporous layer is increased and the base fabric and the microporous layer are firmly bonded.
[0011]
The polyester multifilament can be used as any of undrawn yarn, drawn yarn or processed yarn, but it is particularly desirable to use the processed yarn from the viewpoint of increasing the elastic recovery rate and improving the texture.
[0012]
The total fineness of the polyester multifilament used as the ground yarn used in the present invention is suitably in the range of 55.5 to 166.5 dtex, and most preferably about 83.3 dtex. On the other hand, the total fineness of the polyester multifilament used as the raised yarn is suitably in the range of 55.5 to 166.5 dtex, and most preferably in the range of 55.5 to 83.3 dtex.
[0013]
When the total fineness of the polyester multifilament is less than 55.5 dtex, the elastic recovery rate when the knitted fabric is obtained is insufficient. On the other hand, when the total fineness exceeds 166.5 dtex, the elongation of the knitted fabric is insufficient and the synthetic leather. The texture will worsen if you do.
[0014]
The number of filaments of the polyester multifilament differs depending on the total fineness, but about 20 to 150 are preferable because the processability of the knitting process and the raising process is stable. When the number of yarns is larger than that of the yarn, the raised density becomes higher and the adhesiveness with the microporous layer is excellent. However, the ratio of the number of filaments of the ground yarn and the raised yarn is not necessarily large, and vice versa.
[0015]
A circular knitted fabric is suitable for the knitted fabric used for the base fabric, and in particular, a knitted fabric generally referred to as a smooth tone is most suitable. The knitted fabric is suitable for the base fabric because of the characteristics of the knitted fabric, the curl of the terminal is very small when it is opened, and the lamination of the microporous layer for making synthetic leather is very easy. This is because the thickness of the microporous layer can be made uniform, and as a result, the quality of the synthetic leather is improved.
[0016]
In addition, the smooth knitted structure is generally structured to prevent fraying, generally referred to as orchid, and since fraying of the base fabric does not occur when raising the raised yarn, not only the stability of production is improved, When processed into synthetic leather, the quality is good.
[0017]
In the above knitted structure, the ratio of the supply yarn length of the ground yarn to the raised yarn needs to be 1: 1.1-1: 1.3, and within this range, the base fabric is strong with the microporous layer. When it is made into a synthetic leather, it has a good elastic recovery rate when it is made of synthetic leather. In particular, the supply yarn length ratio of 1: 1.1-1: 1.2 is the most preferable range for generating the elastic recovery rate. When the ratio of the supplied yarn length is out of the range of 1: 1.1-1: 1.3, a synthetic leather having both stretch properties and strength cannot be obtained.
[0018]
Furthermore, the ratio of the number of stitches in the knitted structure is 1: 1. In other cases, synthetic leather having both stretchability and strength cannot be obtained.
[0019]
FIG.1 and FIG.2 shows the knitting diagram of the knitted fabric used as the base fabric of the synthetic leather of this invention. Since the knitting diagram is a diagram showing only the knitting structure, the ratio of the supplied yarn length in the drawing is not necessarily 1: 1 to 1: 1.3.
[0020]
The knitted fabric knitted by the above-mentioned method is then subjected to an opening process for opening the cylindrical knitted fabric, a scouring process for washing and removing the base material's oil, glue, dirt, etc. Is wound up as a fabric through a dyeing step for dyeing the knitted fabric, a drying step, and the like. Each of the above steps is carried out under the same conditions as those employed for conventionally known polyester knitted fabrics.
[0021]
Further, the knitted fabric is raised on one side or both sides by a raising machine, and then final set by a tenter or the like.
[0022]
By performing the above-described processing, the obtained raised knitted fabric becomes a knitted fabric suitable for use as a base fabric for synthetic leather. Its features are high tensile strength as a base fabric and good stretchability.
[0023]
In order to obtain the synthetic leather in the present invention, the range of the mechanical properties of the base fabric alone is very important, and the tensile strength of the base fabric is 3 cm wide and the warp direction is 294 N or more and the weft direction is 147 N or more, respectively. Is preferred. Further, the tensile breaking elongation of the base fabric is desirably 10% or more in the warp direction and 30% or more in the weft direction, and the elongation recovery rate in the weft direction is desirably 70% or more. If the tensile strength of the base fabric is less than the above range, tearing is likely to occur, and if the tensile break elongation or elongation recovery rate of the base fabric is not within the above range, the stretchability of the synthetic leather is insufficient, and footwear The fit and chair finish may be poor.
[0024]
In addition, the physical property measurement of the said base fabric was performed with the following method.
Tensile strength: Tensile strength was measured according to JIS L1068.
Tensile elongation at break; tensile elongation at break was measured according to JIS L1068.
Elongation recovery rate: The elongation recovery rate was determined by extending a sample having a width of 3 cm and a length of 10 cm at a tensile speed of 300 mm / min until a load of 14.7 N was applied, and then returning to the original position at the same speed. From the degree curve, the maximum elongation (cm) until 14.7 N was applied and the residual strain (cm) when the original position was restored were calculated by the following equation.
[0025]
[Expression 1]
Figure 0003778750
[0026]
The thickness of the knitted fabric after raising is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 mm. The length of raising can be arbitrarily controlled from a long one to a short one, but a range of 0.5 to 5 mm is preferable.
[0027]
Polyurethanes that can be used when a wet microporous layer is formed on the base fabric, or when polyurethane is adhered and impregnated into the fiber structure constituting the base fabric are polycarbonate polyurethane, polyether polyurethane, polyester polyurethane, and these Polycarbonate polyurethane is preferred when long-term durability is required, such as for chair upholstery.
[0028]
As for the thickness of the said wet microporous layer, about 50-500 micrometers is desirable. In the production method, a polyurethane hydrophilic organic solvent solution is applied to the surface of the base fabric having raised brushes, and then immersed in water to gradually remove the solvent and solidify the polyurethane to form a microporous layer having a desired thickness.
[0029]
In addition, when the polyurethane is adhered and impregnated, the base fabric is impregnated with a polyurethane hydrophilic organic solvent solution and then immersed in water to gradually remove the solvent and solidify the polyurethane to form.
[0030]
Next, the polyurethane skin layer can be produced by applying polyurethane on a release paper, for example, a release paper with squeeze, and drying by heating to form a desired thickness.
[0031]
Examples of polyurethanes that can be used for this polyurethane skin layer include polycarbonate polyurethanes, polyether polyurethanes, polyester polyurethanes, and modified products thereof. Polycarbonate polyurethanes are preferred when long-term durability is required, such as for upholstery. It is.
[0032]
The thickness of the polyurethane skin layer is about 10 to 100 μm, and the hardness of the polyurethane used as the skin layer is suitably 98 to 1176 N / cm 2 at 100% modulus.
[0033]
When the polyurethane skin layer is coated with polyurethane on the release paper and heat-dried, the polyurethane skin is coated with a polyurethane adhesive and heat-dried, and then applied to the wet microporous layer-forming surface of the base fabric or the polyurethane-impregnated surface. Bonded together to make synthetic leather.
[0034]
Examples of the polyurethane that can be used for the polyurethane adhesive layer include polycarbonate-based polyurethane, polyester-based polyurethane, and modified products thereof. When long-term durability is required, such as for upholstering, polycarbonate-based polyurethane is preferable.
[0035]
The hardness of the polyurethane is 100% modulus and 98 to 980 N / cm 2, preferably 196 to 588 N / cm 2 .
[0036]
Moreover, a crosslinking agent and, if necessary, a crosslinking accelerator are added to the adhesive used in the adhesive layer. The thickness of the adhesive layer is suitably about 10 to 200 μm. The adhesive layer may be colored. In this case, colored polyurethane that exhibits adhesive ability at a predetermined temperature is used for the adhesive layer.
[0037]
Examples of the polyurethane that can be used here include colored polycarbonate-based polyurethane, colored polyether-based polyurethane, colored polyester-based polyurethane, and modified products thereof. If long-term heat resistance is required, such as for upholstery, a colored polycarbonate-based polyurethane is used. Is preferred. The hardness of the polyurethane is 100% modulus and 98 to 980 N / cm 2, preferably 196 to 588 N / cm 2 .
[0038]
The mechanical properties of the synthetic leather obtained by the above method are preferably a tensile strength of 3 cm width and a warp direction of 196 N or more and a weft direction of 98 N or more, respectively. When applied to an application, the synthetic leather is easily broken, so that a treatment such as applying a fabric or sheet having a strong tear strength to the back is required, resulting in a high processing cost.
[0039]
Also, the tear strength in the weft direction of the synthetic leather is preferably 29 N or more. When the tear strength is less than the above value, as in the case of the tensile strength described above, a cloth or sheet having a strong tear strength on the back side. It is necessary to take a measure such as assigning the object, and the processing cost is high.
[0040]
Furthermore, the elastic recovery rate in the direction of the weft after 100% elongation of the synthetic leather is preferably 70% or more, and when the elastic recovery rate is less than the above value, particularly when used for footwear applications, A very important fit as a characteristic of footwear may be insufficient. In addition, when the synthetic leather is applied to chair upholstery and automotive interior materials, the elastic recovery rate greatly affects the quality after the tension is raised, so that the tension quality may be inferior.
[0041]
Further, the peel strength between the polyretane skin layer and the raised knitted fabric is preferably 29 N / 3 cm or more. When the peel strength value is less than the above value, the adhesion durability is significantly deteriorated due to friction of the synthetic leather.
[0042]
【Example】
Hereinafter, although the present invention is explained using an example, the present invention is not limited to this example. In addition, the physical property in an Example was measured with the following method.
[0043]
(1) Tensile strength Tensile strength was measured based on JIS K6772.
[0044]
(2) Elongation The elongation was measured based on JIS K6772.
[0045]
(3) Tear strength Tear strength was measured based on JIS K6772.
[0046]
(4) Peeling strong peel strength test was performed by collecting three test pieces each having a width of 30 mm and a length of 150 mm from the vertical and horizontal directions and applying them to a 25 μm polyester film coated with a urethane-based hot melt adhesive at 100 ° C. Bond at the temperature of. At this time, the surface coated with the hot melt adhesive and the urethane skin layer of the test piece are bonded together.
Then, peeling is performed between the polyretane skin layer and the raised knitted fabric based on JIS K6772, and the peel strength is measured.
[0047]
(5) A test piece having an elastic recovery rate width of 30 mm and a length of 150 mm is attached to the chuck so that the test length is 80 mm, and pulled to 100% of the test length at a tensile speed of 20 mm / min. It returns to the position, and the residual strain (%) at that time is shown as a value obtained by subtracting it from the overall rate of change (100%).
[0048]
[Example 1]
Using a circular knitting machine, a ground yarn composed of a polyester processed yarn having a total fineness of 83.3 dtex and a filament number of 36, and a polyester processed yarn having a total fineness of 55.5 dtex and a filament count of 36 The yarn was fed so that the ratio was 1: 1.2, and after knitting with a mesh number of 1: 1 and a gauge number of 28 gauge, a polyester-processed yarn having a total fineness of 55.5 dtex was raised. Finished to obtain a brushed base fabric having a thickness of 1.2 mm.
[0049]
A 15% solids weight DMF solution based on Crisbon 8006 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) as a main component is applied to the above-mentioned polyester brushed base fabric at a solution weight of 1000 g / m 2 and coagulated / desorbed in water After making the solvent, it was washed and dehydrated, then dried under hot air at 120 ° C. to obtain a base for synthetic leather having a thickness of 1.3 mm on which a wet microporous layer was formed.
[0050]
On the other hand, Rezamin 8811 (manufactured by Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) having a 100% modulus of 1274 N / cm 2 was applied onto the release paper with drawing using a knife coater so that the thickness after drying was 10 μm, And dried with hot air for 2 minutes to obtain a polyurethane skin layer, and then, on this film, Resamine ME3148LP (manufactured by Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) having a 100% modulus of 196 N / cm 2 has a thickness after drying of 20 μm. It was applied with a knife coater and dried with hot air at 100 ° C. for 2 minutes to obtain a polyurethane adhesive layer.
[0051]
Further, the above synthetic leather base is thermocompression-bonded at 150 ° C. so that the wet microporous layer is on the lower side (the side in contact with the skin layer), and left in a state of being wound in 40 ° C. × 24 hours. A synthetic leather having stretchability was obtained by peeling the release paper.
[0052]
The properties of the obtained synthetic leather are as follows: tensile strength is 588 N / 3 cm in the warp direction, 196 N / 3 cm in the weft direction, elongation is 90% in the warp direction, 200% in the weft direction, tear strength is 42 N in the warp direction, 38 N in the weft direction. Has a warp direction of 38 N / 3 cm, a weft direction of 38 N / 3 cm, an elastic recovery of 80%, a good fit and stretchability, and a synthetic leather with high tensile strength and tear strength.
[0053]
[Example 2]
Using a circular knitting machine, a ground yarn composed of a polyester processed yarn having a total fineness of 55.5 dtex and a filament number of 36 and a polyester processed yarn having a total fineness of 55.5 dtex and a filament count of 36 The yarn was fed so that the ratio was 1: 1.1, knitted with a 1: 1 stitch number and a gauge number of 26 gauge, and then a polyester processed yarn having a total fineness of 55.5 dtex was raised. Finished to obtain a brushed base fabric having a thickness of 0.8 mm.
[0054]
On the other hand, Crisbon 3454 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) having a 100% modulus of 1666 N / cm 2 is applied onto the release paper with drawing by a knife coater so that the thickness after drying becomes 10 μm. A polyurethane skin layer was obtained by drying with hot air at a temperature of 2 ° C. for 2 minutes, and then a Crisbon 4070 having a 100% modulus of 392 N / cm 2 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) was dried on this film to a thickness of 30 μm. Then, it was coated with a knife coater and dried with hot air at 100 ° C. for 2 minutes to obtain a polyurethane adhesive layer.
[0055]
Furthermore, the above-mentioned base for synthetic leather was pressure-bonded thereon, left in a state of being wound at 40 ° C. for 48 hours, and then released from the release paper to obtain a synthetic leather having stretch properties.
[0056]
The physical properties of the obtained synthetic leather are as follows: tensile strength is 235 N / 3 cm in the warp direction, 176 N / 3 cm in the weft direction, elongation is 60% in the warp direction, 200% in the weft direction, tear strength is 30 N in the warp direction, 29 N in the weft direction. Has a warp direction of 54 N / 3 cm, a weft direction of 38 N / 3 cm, an elastic recovery of 80%, a good fit and stretchability, and a high tensile strength and tear strength.
[0057]
[Comparative Example 1]
Using a circular knitting machine, a ground yarn composed of a polyester processed yarn having a total fineness of 83.3 dtex and a filament number of 36, and a polyester processed yarn having a total fineness of 83.3 dtex and a filament count of 36 The yarn was fed so that the ratio was 1: 0.5, and after knitting with a mesh number of 1: 3 and a gauge number of 28 gauge, a polyester processed yarn having a total fineness of 83.3 dtex was raised, and a conventional method was used. Finished to obtain a brushed base fabric having a thickness of 0.7 mm.
[0058]
A synthetic leather was obtained by performing the same treatment as in Example 1 except that the amount of the urethane solution forming the wet microporous layer was changed from 1000 g / m 2 to 800 g / m 2 on the above-mentioned polyester raised base fabric.
[0059]
The physical properties of the obtained synthetic leather are as follows: tensile strength: 470 N / 3 cm, weft direction 235 N / 3 cm, elongation: 48% warp direction, 80% weft direction, tear strength: warp direction 26 N, weft direction 27 N, peel strength The warp direction was 39 N / 3 cm, the weft direction was 34 N / 3 cm, and the elastic recovery was 60%. In addition to the poor fit and stretchability, the tear strength was low.
[0060]
[Comparative Example 2]
Using a circular knitting machine, a ground yarn made of polyester processed yarn with a total fineness of 166.5 dtex and a filament count of 48 and a polyester processed yarn with a total fineness of 166.5 dtex and a filament count of 48 The yarn was fed so that the ratio was 1: 0.5, and after knitting with a mesh number of 1: 2 and a gauge number of 20 gauge, a polyester-processed yarn having a total fineness of 166.5 dtex was raised, and a conventional method was used. Finished to obtain a brushed base fabric having a thickness of 1.2 mm.
[0061]
The polyester brushed base fabric was treated in the same manner as in Example 2 to obtain a synthetic leather.
[0062]
The physical properties of the obtained synthetic leather are: tensile strength: 696 N / 3 cm in the warp direction, 353 N / 3 cm in the weft direction, elongation: 80% in the warp direction, 200% in the weft direction, tear strength: 78 N in the warp direction, 60 N in the weft direction, peel strength The warp direction was 30 N / 3 cm, the weft direction was 29 N / 3 cm, the elastic recovery was 50%, and the fit was inferior.
[0063]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the synthetic leather which has stretch property, has a favorable feel, is excellent in peeling strength and tearing strength, and is suitable for footwear, chair upholstery, and automobile interior mainly composed of shoes.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a knitting diagram of a knitted fabric that becomes a base fabric of a synthetic leather of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a knitted state of a knitted fabric that becomes a base fabric of the synthetic leather of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
A, B Raised yarn 1-4 Ground yarn

Claims (5)

ポリエステルマルチフィラメントからなるグランド糸とポリエステルマルチフィラメントからなる起毛糸から構成され、該グランド糸と該起毛糸との供給糸長の比が1:1.1〜1:1.3、目数の比が1:1である起毛編地の起毛面側に、ポリウレタン接着層、及びポリウレタン表皮層が順次積層されていることを特徴とする伸縮性を有する合成皮革。It is composed of a ground yarn made of polyester multifilament and a raised yarn made of polyester multifilament, and the ratio of the supply yarn length of the ground yarn to the raised yarn is 1: 1.1-1: 1. A synthetic leather having stretchability, characterized in that a polyurethane adhesive layer and a polyurethane skin layer are sequentially laminated on the raised surface side of a raised knitted fabric having a ratio of 1: 1. 合成皮革の引張強力が、経方向で196N/3cm以上、緯方向で98N/3cm以上、経緯方向の引裂強力がそれぞれ29N以上、合成皮革を100%伸長した後の経緯方向の弾性回復率がそれぞれ70%以上で、且つポリレタン表皮層と起毛編地との剥離強力が29N/3cm以上である請求項1記載の合成皮革。The tensile strength of the synthetic leather is 196N / 3cm or more in the warp direction, 98N / 3cm or more in the weft direction, the tear strength in the weft direction is 29N or more, respectively, and the elastic recovery rate in the weft direction after 100% elongation of the synthetic leather The synthetic leather according to claim 1, which is 70% or more and has a peel strength between the polyretane skin layer and the raised knitted fabric of 29 N / 3 cm or more. ポリウレタン接着層が着色されている請求項1又は2記載の合成皮革。The synthetic leather according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyurethane adhesive layer is colored. 起毛編地の起毛面側と、ポリウレタン接着層との間にポリウレタンからなる湿式ミクロポーラス層が積層されている請求項1、2又は3記載の合成皮革。The synthetic leather according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein a wet microporous layer made of polyurethane is laminated between the raised surface side of the raised knitted fabric and the polyurethane adhesive layer. 起毛編地を構成する繊維組織中にポリウレタンが付着含浸されている請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の合成皮革。The synthetic leather according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein polyurethane is attached and impregnated in a fiber structure constituting the raised knitted fabric.
JP34877699A 1999-12-08 1999-12-08 Synthetic leather with elasticity Expired - Lifetime JP3778750B2 (en)

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KR100919239B1 (en) * 2001-09-20 2009-09-30 도레이 카부시키가이샤 Artificial leather excellent in elasticity and method of manufacturing the same
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US9885148B2 (en) * 2012-12-18 2018-02-06 Kyowa Leather Cloth Co., Ltd. Laminated sheet and method of manufacturing the same
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JP6677540B2 (en) * 2016-03-15 2020-04-08 セーレン株式会社 Composite skin material for vehicles
CN110886095B (en) * 2018-09-07 2022-05-20 安安(中国)有限公司 Production method of snowflake velvet synthetic leather
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