JP3776771B2 - Electric working machine - Google Patents

Electric working machine Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3776771B2
JP3776771B2 JP2001252045A JP2001252045A JP3776771B2 JP 3776771 B2 JP3776771 B2 JP 3776771B2 JP 2001252045 A JP2001252045 A JP 2001252045A JP 2001252045 A JP2001252045 A JP 2001252045A JP 3776771 B2 JP3776771 B2 JP 3776771B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
battery
electric
relay member
electric motor
charger
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2001252045A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003061437A (en
Inventor
健三 島田
康則 山本
好寿 廣瀬
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2001252045A priority Critical patent/JP3776771B2/en
Priority to TW091110061A priority patent/TWI248783B/en
Priority to EP02253746A priority patent/EP1285567B1/en
Priority to DE60231277T priority patent/DE60231277D1/en
Priority to DE60235659T priority patent/DE60235659D1/en
Priority to EP07006813A priority patent/EP1797752B1/en
Priority to CNB021228922A priority patent/CN1253070C/en
Priority to CN02238736U priority patent/CN2567955Y/en
Priority to US10/177,416 priority patent/US7540132B2/en
Priority to KR1020020047461A priority patent/KR100873608B1/en
Publication of JP2003061437A publication Critical patent/JP2003061437A/en
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Publication of JP3776771B2 publication Critical patent/JP3776771B2/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、バッテリで電動モータを回転させ、この電動モータを制御部で制御することで機体の走行や各種の作業を行なう電動作業機に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電動作業機として、例えば▲1▼特開平9−65752号公報「バッテリー式電動機器の充電装置」や▲2▼特開平10−191750号公報「電動作業機」が知られている。
上記▲1▼は、同公報の図4によれば、充電操作パネル10に充電用のソケット21を取付け、充電操作パネル10に電源回路をON/OFFするインタロックスイッチ15を取付け、これらのソケット21及びインタロックスイッチ15の間をスライドするカバー体12を設け、このカバー体12がソケット21を覆うときはインタロックスイッチ15をONさせるとともにソケット21を開放するときはインタロックスイッチ15をOFFする突起12bをカバー体12に設けたものである。
上記▲2▼は、同公報の図1によれば、支持板76にスイッチ71を取付け、支持板76に充電のための接続コネクタ72を取付け、これらのスイッチ71及びコネクタをハウジングカバー22の開口から露出させ、スイッチ71にキー部材74を差込み回転することで電動作業機を始動させたときに、キー部材74の操作部74bが接続コネクタ72に被さるようにしたものである。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上記▲1▼のバッテリー式電動機器の充電装置では、カバー体12がソケット21を覆うときはインタロックスイッチ15をONさせるとともにソケット21を開放するときはインタロックスイッチ15をOFFする突起12bをカバー体12に設けるものなので、キースイッチの本来の目的であるキースイッチを持つことで始めて上記の電動機器が始動可能となるセイフティー機能が損われた形式の装置であり、電動作業機では不向きな装置であると言わざるを得ない。
また、上記▲2▼の電動作業機では、キースイッチ本来のセイフティー機能及び電動作業機に始動中は充電器を電動作業器に接続不可とするセイフティー機能を有するものの、キースイッチのセイフティー機能及び充電器接続のためのセイフティー機能を一体的に構成した電動作業機が望まれる。
【0004】
そこで、本発明の目的は、キースイッチのセイフティー機能及び充電器接続のためのセイフティー機能を一体的に構成した電動作業機を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために請求項1は、機体に充電可能なバッテリを搭載し、このバッテリで電動モータを回転させ、この電動モータを制御部で制御することで機体の走行や各種の作業を行なう電動作業機において、バッテリと制御部との間に中継部材を介在させ、この中継部材に差込むための接続部材を用意し、この接続部材を中継部材に差込むことでバッテリと制御部を接続し、接続部材を中継部材から取外すことでバッテリと制御部を切離すようにしてなり、中継部材が、バッテリを充電するための充電器を接続する接続部分を一体的に設けたものであり、接続部材のピン及びバッテリの充電する充電器の充電器側プラグのピンを接続する複数の端子を備え、複数の端子に接続部材のピン又は充電器側プラグのピンを選択的に接続可能とし、複数の端子の内の一つをバッテリの正極に接続した正極端子として使用し、この正極端子が、充電器からバッテリの正極に接続する充電用の正極端子を兼ねるようにしたことを特徴とする。
【0006】
バッテリと制御部との間に中継部材を介在させ、この中継部材に差込むための接続部材を用意し、この接続部材を中継部材に差込むことでバッテリと制御部を接続する。また、接続部材を中継部材から取外し、バッテリと制御部を切離すようにすることで、バッテリから制御部を完全に遮断することができる。これをもって、非作動時の放電の減少を図るとともに長期保管時の過放電の防止を図る。この結果、バッテリの寿命を延ばすことができる。
【0007】
また、中継部材がバッテリを充電するための充電器を接続する接続部分を一体的に設け、接続部材のピン及びバッテリの充電する充電器の充電器側プラグのピンを接続する複数の端子を備え、複数の端子に接続部材のピン又は充電器側プラグのピンを選択的に接続可能とすることで、例えば、放電時は中継部材に接続部材を差込み、充電時は中継部材に充電器を差込めばよく、放電時又は充電時に伴う誤挿入の防止を図ることができる。この結果、電動作業機における放電時又は充電時の利便性の向上を図る。
正極端子が充電器からバッテリの正極に接続する充電用の正極端子を兼ねるようにすることで、制御回路及び中継部材の簡素化を図る。この結果、電動作業機のコストの低減を図ることができる。
【0008】
請求項は、バッテリがニッケル系又はリチューム系のバッテリであることを特徴とする。
一般的に、ニッケル系又はリチューム系のバッテリは充電時の温度管理が容易であることが知られる。そこで、バッテリをニッケル系又はリチューム系のバッテリにすることで、充電作業の作業性の向上を図る。
【0009】
請求項3は、制御部はバッテリの温度管理制御機能を有していることを特徴とする。
制御部にバッテリの温度管理制御機能を持たせることで、充電時の信頼性の向上を図る。この結果、バッテリの寿命を延ばすことができる。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を添付図に基づいて以下に説明する。なお、「前」、「後」、「左」、「右」、「上」、「下」は作業者から見た方向に従い、Frは前側、Rrは後側、Lは左側、Rは右側を示す。また、図面は符号の向きに見るものとする。
【0012】
図1は本発明に係る電動作業機の斜視図であり、10は電動作業機としての電動芝刈機、11は機体、12は前輪、13は後輪、14はグラスバッグ、15はグラスカバー、16はハンドル、21はカッタハウジング、27はカバー部材、28は操作機構、41は電源をON/OFFするための接続部材としてのメインキー、42はメインキー41を抜き差しする差込む口となる中継部材、73は操作レバー、74はクラッチ機構を示す。
本発明に係る電動芝刈機10は、後述するように、メインキー41を中継部材42に差込むことでバッテリと制御部を接続し、メインキー41を中継部材42から取外すことでバッテリと制御部を切離すようにした電動芝刈機である。
【0013】
図2は図1の2矢視図であり、電動芝刈機10の側面を示す。
電動芝刈機10は、機体11にメインキー41を抜き差しすることで電動モータ22をオン・オフ制御し、この電動モータ22でカッタハウジング21内のカッタブレード23を回すことで芝草を刈り、カッタハウジング21内のスクロール部31から機体11後方に刈り芝を送り、この刈り芝をグラスバッグ14で収集するリヤディスチャージ式の電動芝刈機である。
【0014】
図3は図1の3矢視図であり、電動芝刈機10の側面を示す。
電動芝刈機10は、中継部材42にメインキー41を差込み、図1に示す操作機構28で電動モータ22をONにし、この電動モータ22で矢印aの如くカッタブレード23を回転させ、このカッタブレード23で芝を刈り、カッタブレード23の回転で発生する渦流で刈り芝をカッタハウジング21のスクロール部31から矢印bの如くグラスバック14に送り込む。
【0015】
すなわち、電動芝刈機10は、機体11にメインキー41を抜き差しすることで電動モータ22をオン・オフ制御し、この電動モータ22でカッタハウジング21内のカッタブレード23を回すことで芝草を刈り、カッタハウジング21内のスクロール部31から機体11後方に刈り芝を送り、この刈り芝をグラスバッグ14で収集する方式の電動芝刈機において、スクロール部31を機体11の左又は右の一方側に配置し、メインキー41の抜き差しをする差込み口としての取付けブラケット29を機体11の他方側に配置したものと言える。
【0016】
一般的に、スクロール部から機体後方に刈り芝を送り、この刈り芝をグラスバッグで収集するリヤディスチャージ式の電動芝刈機では、スクロール部に刈り芝が付着するため、定期的にスクロール部を清掃する必要に迫られ、スクロール部の清掃しやすい構造が望まれる。
そこで、スクロール部31を機体11の左又は右の一方側に配置し、メインキー41の抜き差しをする差込み口(取付けブラケット29)を機体11の他方側に配置することで、作業者は機体11の横に廻りメインキー41の抜き差しを行ない、この状態にて機体12の横倒しを行ない、スクロール部31の清掃をすることができる。すなわち、作業者は機体12の側方からメインキー41の抜き差し及び機体12の横倒しの二つの作業を場所を変えずに行なうことで、清掃作業の作業性の向上を図ることができる。
以下、電動芝刈機10の構成を詳細に説明する。
【0017】
図4は本発明に係る電動作業機の分解斜視図であり、電動芝刈機10の主要構成部品を示す。
電動芝刈機10は、カッタハウジング21と、このカッタハウジング21に取付ける電動モータ22と、この電動モータ22のモータ軸22aに取付けるカッタブレード23と、電動モータ22の上部に配置する制御部24と、これらの電動モータ22及び制御部24の上からカッタハウジング21に取付けるバッテリブラケット25と、このブラケット25に載置するバッテリ26と、これらの電動モータ22、制御部24、バッテリブラケット25及びバッテリ26を一括して覆うカバー部材27と、電動モータ22をON/OFF制御する操作機構28と、からなる。なお、バッテリブラケット25は、電動モータ22をカッタハウジング21に取付けるときに共締め固定するようにした。
【0018】
カッタハウジング21は、本体部21aに電動モータ22を取付けるための開口21bを形成し、本体部21aに電動モータ22を固定するためのボス21c・・・(・・・は複数個を示す。以下同じ)を形成し、本体部21a内にカッタブレード23の回転を許容するとともに刈り芝を機体11(図3参照)後方のグラスバッグ14に搬送するスクロール部31を形成したものである。
また、電動モータ22を、カッタハウジング21のボス21c・・・に取付けることでカッタハウジング21の内外に連通する連通穴32・・・(1個のみ示す)を形成する。
【0019】
制御部24は、コントロールケース34と、このコントロールケース34に収納した制御基板35とから構成するもので、この制御基板35に電動モータ22を制御するために操作機構28の構成部品である非接触式リードスイッチ36を接続し、電動芝刈機10が作業可能であることを作業者に知らせるために常時点灯させる表示灯37を接続し、機体11の走行や各種の作業時に常時鳴り続けるブザー38を接続したものである。また、電源をONにするための前記メインキー41を備え、このメインキー41を差込む前記中継部材42を備える。
なお、この中継部材42は、コネクタであって後述するようにバッテリ26を充電するための接続部分をも兼ねる。
【0020】
バッテリブラケット25は、金属製の素材で形成したものであって、電動モータ22の側方及び上部を覆う本体部25aと、この本体部25aから延ばした延出部25bと、中継部材42を取付けるための前記取付けブラケット29とからなり、カッタハウジング21に電動モータ22と共に固定するようにしたものである。
また、25c,25dは、本体部25aに形成した通風のための開口、25eは、延出部25bに形成した通風のための開口である。
【0021】
前述したように、電動芝刈機10は、カッタハウジング21に、バッテリブラケット25及び電動モータ22とを共締め固定したものであると言える。
すなわち、カッタハウジング21に、バッテリブラケット25及び電動モータ22とを共締めすることで、電動芝刈機10の組立性の向上を図ることができる。
【0022】
バッテリ26は、ニケッル・カドニューム系のバッテリであって、前バッテリ43、上バッテリとしての第1・第2上バッテリ44,45とから構成したものである。
前バッテリ43は、定格電圧1.2Vのセル46・・・を複数個組合せたものであって、バッテリブラケット25の延出部25bに縦置きに配置した。
第1・第2上バッテリ44,45は、前バッテリ43と同様に、定格電圧1.2Vのセル46・・・を複数個組合せたものであって、バッテリブラケット25の本体部25aに横置きに配置した。
【0023】
バッテリ26は、高性能バッテリが好ましく、ニケッル・カドニューム系のバッテリの他に、その他のニッケル系又はリチューム系のバッテリを用いてもよい。
一般的に、ニッケル系又はリチューム系のバッテリは充電時の温度管理が容易であることが知られる。そこで、バッテリをニッケル系又はリチューム系のバッテリにすることで、充電作業の作業性の向上を図ることができる。
【0024】
カバー部材27は、樹脂で形成した部材であり、前方下部にルーバ47を備えたカバーであって、後方に通風孔27a・・・を形成し、左側方に中継部材42を開放する逃げ部27bを形成したものである。また、ルーバ47は、空気の流通を図る開放口47a・・・を形成した。
【0025】
図5は図1の5−5線断面図であり、電動芝刈機10の側面断面を示す。
電動芝刈機10は、カッタブレード23をカッタハウジング21で囲い、このカッタハウジング21上部に電動モータ22を取付け、この電動モータ22を充電可能なバッテリ26で駆動する電動芝刈機において、バッテリ26を、電動モータ22の上に配置した第1・第2上バッテリ44,45と、電動モータ22の前に配置した前バッテリ43とから構成したものであると言える。
【0026】
すなわち、バッテリ26を、電動モータ22の上に配置した第1・第2上バッテリ44,45と、電動モータ22の前に配置した前バッテリ43とから構成することで、電動芝刈機10の重量バランスの確保を図ることができる。この結果、電動芝刈機10の操作性の向上を図ることができる。
【0027】
また、電動芝刈機10は、機体11に充電可能なバッテリ26を搭載し、このバッテリ26で電動モータ22を回転させ、この電動モータ22でカッタハウジング21内のカッタブレード23を回転させる電動芝刈機において、電動モータ22及びバッテリ26を一括して覆うカバー部材27を備え、このカバー部材27は、側面視において機体11の前方から後方に上り勾配に形成するとともに前方下部に開放口47aを形成し、且つ後方に通風孔27aを形成することで開放口47aから通風孔27aに通風させることでバッテリ26若しくは電動モータ22を冷却するようにした構造であるとも言える。
【0028】
電動モータ22及びバッテリ26を一括して覆うカバー部材27を、側面視において機体11の前方から後方に上り勾配に形成し、カバー部材27の前方下部に開放口47aを形成し、且つ後方に通風孔27aを形成する。開放口47aから通風孔27aに通風することでバッテリ26若しくは電動モータ22を冷却する。これにより、バッテリ26若しくは電動モータ22を過度に発熱させることを防止し、電動芝刈機10を長時間の連続使用にも耐え得るようにすることができる。
【0029】
図6は図1の6−6線断面図であり、電動芝刈機10のカバー部材27(図5参照)を取外した状態の芝刈機を示す。
電動芝刈機10は、カッタハウジング21に、電動モータ22の側方及び上部を覆う本体部25aを有するとともに電動モータ22の両側から前方に延ばした延出部25bを有するバッテリブラケット25を取付け、このブラケット25の本体部25aに第1・第2上バッテリ44,45を搭載し、延出部25bに前バッテリ43を分散して搭載したものであるとも言える。
【0030】
すなわち、バッテリブラケット25の本体部25aに第1・第2上バッテリ44,45を搭載し、バッテリブラケット25の延出部25bに前バッテリ25bを分散して搭載したので、前バッテリ43、第1・第2上バッテリ44,45や電動モータ22の間に空気が流通しやすくすることができる。この結果、前バッテリ43、第1・第2上バッテリ44,45や電動モータ22の放熱の促進を図ることができる。
【0031】
電動芝刈機10は、バッテリブラケット25を金属製とするとともにバッテリブラケット25のバッテリ43,44,45搭載位置に通風のための開口25c,25d,25eを設けたものであるとも言える。
バッテリブラケット25を金属製とするとともにバッテリブラケット25のバッテリ43,44,45搭載位置に通風のための開口25c,25d,25eを設けることで、電動モータ22やバッテリ43,44,45のさらなる放熱の促進を図ることができる。
【0032】
なお、前バッテリ43及び第1・第2上バッテリ44,45は、バッテリブラケット25にそれぞれ弾性ベルト49a,49b,49cで固定したことを示す。
【0033】
図7は本発明に係る電動作業機の制御システム図であり、電動作業機の制御システム50は、電動モータ22を制御する先に説明した制御部24と、バッテリ26の充電をするための充電器51、とから構成する。
【0034】
制御部24の回路構成は、過電流を遮断する過電流遮断回路55と、電動芝刈機10の作動をコントロールするコントロールブロック56と、充電時にバッテリ26温度を監視するサーミスタ57と、サーミスタの情報に基づいて充電を停止するサーマルブレーカ58とからなり、メインキー41及び充電器51の双方をコンパチブルに抜き差し可能な前記中継部材42を備える。
【0035】
制御部24は、充電時にバッテリ26温度をサーミスタ57で監視する。すなわち、バッテリ26の温度管理制御機能を有していることを示す。
制御部24にバッテリの温度管理制御機能を持たせることで、充電時の信頼性の向上を図ることができる。この結果、バッテリの寿命を延ばすことができる。
【0036】
コントロールブロック56は、電動モータ22を制御するモータ制御回路61と、表示灯37を点灯させる点灯回路62と、ブザー38を駆動するブザー駆動回路63と、からなる。なお、表示灯37はLED(発光ダイオード)である。
【0037】
モータ制御回路61は、電動モータ22を制御する回路であって、電動モータ22をON/OFFする操作機構28(図4参照)の非接触式リードスイッチ36を接続した。
点灯回路62は、バッテリ26の電圧が、後述するメモリ効果を受ける直前の電圧を超えているときに表示灯37を常時点灯させ、前記電圧を下回ったときに表示灯37を消灯する回路である。すなわち、バッテリ26の電圧が0.97V/セルよも低い電圧ならない限り表示灯37を常時点灯させるようにした回路である。
【0038】
例えば、バッテリ26を駆動源とした電動芝刈機10(図5参照)に、メモリ効果を受ける直前の電圧を超えているときに常時点灯させる表示灯37を設けることで、作業者は、電動芝刈機10の表示灯37が点灯しているときは作業を続行し、表示灯37が消灯したときは作業を中止してバッテリ26の充電を行なえばよい。
すなわち、電動芝刈機10にバッテリ26の電圧が、メモリ効果を受ける直前の電圧を超えているときに常時点灯させる表示灯37を備えることで、作業者にバッテリ26の充電時期を的確に知らせる。これをもってバッテリ26が短寿命になることを防ぐことができる。
【0039】
ブザー駆動回路63は、電動モータ22の回転中は常時ブザー38を鳴らす回路であって、バッテリ26の電圧が予め設定した電圧を下回ったときにブザー38の作動を止めるようにした回路である。
【0040】
すなわち、電動芝刈機10(図5参照)は、機体11に充電可能なバッテリ26を搭載し、このバッテリ26を駆動源として機体11の走行や各種の作業を行なう電動作業機において、機体11の走行や各種の作業時に常時鳴り続けるブザー38を備え、作動中であることを作業者に知らせるようにしたものであると言える。
【0041】
一般的に、電動モータ駆動方式の作業機は、エンジン駆動方式の作業機に比べはるかに騒音レベルが低い。従って、この様な電動作業機を騒音の大きな環境で使用する場合は、電動作業機の作動中であるか否かを感覚的に判断しにくい場合が生ずる。
すなわち、電動芝刈機10(図5参照)に機体11の走行や各種の作業時に常時鳴り続けるブザー38を取付け、作動中であることを作業者に知らせることで、電動芝刈機10の作業性及び取扱い性の向上を図ることができる。
【0042】
また、電動芝刈機10(図1参照)は、ブザー38がバッテリ26の電圧が予め設定した電圧を下回ったときに作動が止るようにしたものであると言える。
ブザー38がバッテリ26の電圧が予め設定した電圧を下回ったときに作動が止るようにすることで、いたずらなバッテリ26消費の防止を図ることができる。
【0043】
中継部材42は、6個の接続端子を設けたコネクタであって、正極端子としての1番端子C1(本図ではC1を単に「1」と表示する。以下同じ)に過電流遮断回路55を介してバッテリ26の正極に接続し、2番端子C2にバッテリ26の負極及びコントロールブロック56の一方を接続し、3番端子C3にコントロールブロック56の他方を接続し、4番端子C4にサーマルブレーカ58の一端を接続し、5番端子C5にサーミスタの一端を接続し、6番端子C6にサーマルブレーカ58の他端及びサーミスタ57の他端を接続したものである。
【0044】
メインキー41は、電気的に接続した一対のピンP1,P3(本図ではP1,P3を単に「1」、「3」と表示する)を備えたプラグであって、中継部材42の1番端子C1及び3番端子C3に差込むことで、1番端子C1と3番端子C3との間をショートするプラグである。
【0045】
充電器51は、中継部材42に接続する充電器側プラグ52と、家庭用電源に接続する電源プラグ53とを備える。
充電器側プラグ52は、中継部材42の1番端子C1、2番端子C2、4番端子C4、5番端子C5及び6番端子C6に、それぞれ接続するための1番ピンR1(本図ではR1を単に「1」と表示する。以下同じ)、2番ピンR2、4番ピンR4、5番ピンR5及び6番ピンR6を備えたプラグであって、バッテリ26を充電するためのプラグである。
以上から、中継部材42は、メインキー41及び充電器側プラグ52の双方をコンパチブルに抜き差し可能なコネクタであると言える。
【0046】
すなわち、電動芝刈機10は、中継部材42にバッテリ26を充電するための充電器51を接続する接続部分を一体的に設けたものである。
中継部材42に、バッテリ26を充電するための充電器51を接続する接続部分を一体的に設けることで、例えば、放電時は中継部材42に接続部材(メインキー41)を差込み、充電時は中継部材42に充電器51を差込めばよく、放電時又は充電時に伴う誤挿入の防止を図ることができる。この結果、電動芝刈機10における放電時又は充電時の利便性の向上を図ることができる。
【0047】
電動芝刈機10は、中継部材42がバッテリ26の正極に接続した正極端子(1番端子C1)を有し、この正極端子が充電器51からバッテリ26の正極に接続する充電用の正極端子を兼ねるようにしたものであるとも言える。
正極端子(1番端子C1)が充電器51からバッテリ26の正極に接続する充電用の正極端子を兼ねるようにすることで、制御部24及び中継部材42の簡素化を図ることができる。この結果、電動芝刈機10のコストの低減を図ることができる。
【0048】
また、電動芝刈機10(図5参照)は、機体11に充電可能なバッテリ26を搭載し、このバッテリ26で電動モータ22を回転させ、この電動モータ22を制御部24で制御することで機体11の走行や各種の作業を行なう電動作業機において、バッテリ26と制御部24との間に中継部材42を介在させ、この中継部材42に差込むための接続部材(メインキー41)を用意し、この接続部材を中継部材42に差込むことでバッテリ26と制御部24を接続し、接続部材を中継部材42から取外すことでバッテリ26と制御部24を切り離すようにしたものであると言える。
【0049】
バッテリ26と制御部24との間に中継部材42を介在させ、この中継部材42に差込むための接続部材(メインキー41)を用意し、この接続部材を中継部材42に差込むことでバッテリ26と制御部24を接続する。また、接続部材を中継部材42から取外し、バッテリ26と制御部24を切り離すようにすることで、バッテリ26から制御部24を完全に遮断することができる。これをもって、非作動時の放電の減少を図れるとともに長期保管時の過放電の防止を図ることができる。この結果、バッテリ26の寿命を延ばすことができる。
【0050】
図8は本発明に係る電動作業機のバッテリの寿命を表すグラフである。横軸は放電深度(%)、縦軸は充放電のサイクル数である。ここで、放電深度とは、電池の放電の深さを表すもので、パーセントで表示する。例えば、バッテリ容量を100としたときに完全放電を行なった場合に放電深度100%と表示する。また、サイクル数とは、バッテリの充放電の可能回数を表す。
ニケッル・カドニューム系のバッテリは、完全放電をしても容量回復をし、鉛電池などに比べると過放電に強い電池である。しかし、完全放電を繰り返すとバッテリの寿命の低下を招く。例えば、放電深度100(%)、即ち完全放電を繰り返すとバッテリのサイクル数は500〜800回であり、放電深度50(%)の充放電を繰り返す場合はバッテリのサイクル数は1700〜1800回に延びる。
【0051】
図9は本発明に係る電動作業機のバッテリのメモリ効果を表すグラフである。横軸は放電時間(min)、縦軸はバッテリ電圧(V)である。
ニケッル・カドニューム系のバッテリでは、浅い充放電を繰り返した後に、深い放電を行なうと放電時の電圧が二段落ちする現象が知られる。これをメモリー効果と呼ぶ。
グラフ中、放電時間60(min)まではバッテリ電圧1.3から1.1(V)に緩やかに下降する。しかし、放電時間60(min)を超えるとバッテリ電圧が急激に下降する。
図8及び図9から、バッテリを長期間使用するためには、第1に完全放電を繰り返さないこと。第2にメモリ効果を引起こす浅い放電ばかりを繰り返さないこと。これらに二項目に注意を払う必要がある。すなわち、適度な放電深度での充放電が望まれる。
【0052】
経験的に、定格1.2V/セルのバッテリでは、メモリ効果を引起こす放電終了電圧を1.1V/セルと見込み、電動芝刈機10(図1参照)は、放電終了電圧を1.1V/セル以下に設定することを狙って、バッテリ電圧が9.7V/セルよりも低い電圧ならない限り常時点灯させる表示灯37(図5参照)を設けた。
【0053】
図5に戻って説明すると、電動芝刈機10は、機体12に充電可能なバッテリ26を搭載し、このバッテリ26を駆動源として機体12の走行や各種の作業を行なう電動作業機において、浅い充放電サイクルを繰り返した後に深い放電を行なう場合に放電時の電圧が二段落ちする現象をメモリー効果と呼ぶときに、バッテリ26の電圧が、メモリ効果を受ける直前の電圧を超えているときに常時点灯させる表示灯37を備えたものであると言える。
すなわち、電動芝刈機10にバッテリ26の電圧が、メモリ効果を受ける直前の電圧を超えているときに常時点灯させる表示灯37を備えることで、作業者にバッテリ26の充電時期を的確に知らせ、これをもってバッテリ26が短寿命になることを防ぐことができる。
【0054】
以上に述べた電動芝刈機10の放熱のメカニズムの一例を次に説明する。
図10(a),(b)は本発明に係る電動作業機の作用説明図であり、(a)は電動芝刈機が動作中の空気流れを示し、(b)は電動芝刈機が停止直後の空気流れを示す。
(a)において、電動芝刈機10が動作中はカッタブレード23の回転でカッタハウジング21内は負圧になる。従って、ルーバ47の開放口47a(図4参照)から矢印▲1▼の如く外気を引き込み、前バッテリ43の側方を経由し、カッタハウジング21に電動モータ22を取付けることで形成した連通穴32(図4参照)からカッタハウジング21内に流れ込む。
一方、カバー部材27の通風孔27aから矢印▲2▼,▲3▼の如く外気を引き込み、第1・第2上バッテリ44,45の側方を経由し、前記連通穴32(図4参照)からカッタハウジング21内に流れ込む。矢印▲1▼〜▲3▼に示した空気の流れで、前バッテリ43、第1・第2上バッテリ44,45及び電動モータ22の強制冷却を図ることができる。
【0055】
(b)において、電動芝刈機10が停止直後は前バッテリ43、第1・第2上バッテリ44,45及び電動モータ22が発熱状態にある。そこで、前記連通穴32から矢印▲4▼〜▲6▼の如く前バッテリ43、第1・第2上バッテリ44,45又は電動モータ22の廻りを通過する自然対流で前バッテリ43、第1・第2上バッテリ44,45及び電動モータ22は放熱することができる。また、これに伴って、ルーバ47の開放口47a(図4参照)からカバー部材27の通風孔27aに矢印▲7▼の如くの空気の流れも期待でき、さらなる放熱の促進を図ることができる。
【0056】
すなわち、電動芝刈機10は、カッタハウジング21に、カバー部材27に連通する連通穴32を設け、カッタブレード23を回転させることで開放口47a(図4参照)及び通風孔27aからカッタハウジング21内に至る送風流を作るとともにカッタブレード23の停止中は電動モータ22又は前バッテリ43、第1・第2上バッテリ44,45の熱でカッタハウジング21内から通風孔27aに逆流させるようにしたものと言える。
【0057】
以下、メインキー41、中継部材42及び充電器側プラグ52の詳細を説明する。
図11は本発明に係る電動作業機の中継部材の平面図であり、図12は本発明に係る電動作業機の中継部材の正面図である。
中継部材42は、ハウジング42aと、このハウジングに設けた6個の端子C1〜C6と、これらの端子C1〜C6から延出したハーネス42cと、からなる。
図12に示す通りに、6個の端子C1〜C6は、図面右上から順に、1番端子C1、2番端子C2、3番端子C3、4番端子C4、5番端子C5及び6番端子C6であり、これらの1〜6番端子C1〜C6はハーネス42cを介して制御部24(図7参照)の制御基板35に接続したものであり、詳細は図7に示した通りである。
【0058】
図13は本発明に係る電動作業機のメインキーの平面図であり、図14は本発明に係る電動作業機のメインキーの正面図である。
メインキー41は、ハウジング41aと、このハウジング41aに設けた4個のピンP1,P3,P4,P6とからなる。
図14に示す通りに、4個のピンP1,P3,P4,P6は、図面右下から順に、1番ピンP1、3番ピンP3、4番ピンP4、及び6番ピンP6であり、中継部材42(図12参照)の2番端子C2及び5番端子C5に相当位置N2,N5は空き部分とした。
また、1番ピンP1及び3番ピンP3はハウジング41aの内部で繋ぐことでショートしたピンであり、4番ピンP4及び6番ピンP6はダミーのピンである。
【0059】
図15は本発明に係る電動作業機の充電器側プラグの平面図であり、図16は本発明に係る電動作業機の充電器側プラグの正面図である。
充電器側プラグ52は、ハウジング52aと、このハウジング52aに設けた5個のピンR1,R2,R4,R5,R6と、これらの端子ピンR1,R2,R4,R5,R6から延出したハーネス52cと、からなる。
図16に示す通りに、5個のピンR1,R2,R4,R5,R6は、図面右下から順に、1番ピンR1、2番ピンR2、4番ピンR4、5番ピンR5及び6番ピンR6であり、中継部材42(図12参照)の3番端子C3に相当位置N3は空き部分である。
【0060】
図17は本発明に係る電動作業機の制御部及び中継部材廻りの別実施例の斜視図である。
制御部64は、コントロールケース65と、このコントロールケース65に収納した制御基板66と、この制御基板66に直接的にマウントしたメインキー41を差込むための差込み口となる中継部材67とから構成する。なお、37は表示灯、38はブザーを示す。
【0061】
電動芝刈機10は、中継部材67を、電動モータ22(図5参照)を制御する制御部64と一体的に設けるものと言える。
中継部材67を、電動モータ22を制御する制御部64と一体的に設けることで、例えば、ハーネス等を削減して電動芝刈機10の組立性の向上を図ることができる。
【0062】
尚、実施の形態では図7に示すように、中継部材42にメインキー41を抜き差し自在に構成したが、メインキー41に限るものではなく、機体側に中継部材を取付け、この中継部材に接続部材を着脱自在に構成し、電源のON/OFFをできるものであればよい。
【0063】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上記構成により次の効果を発揮する。
請求項1では、バッテリと制御部との間に中継部材を介在させ、この中継部材に差込むための接続部材を用意し、この接続部材を中継部材に差込むことでバッテリと制御部を接続し、接続部材を中継部材から取外すことでバッテリと制御部を切離すようにしたので、バッテリから制御部を完全に遮断することができる。すなわち、非作動時の放電の減少を図るとともに長期保管時の過放電の防止を図る。この結果、バッテリの寿命を延ばすことができる。
【0064】
また、中継部材がバッテリを充電するための充電器を接続する接続部分を一体的に設け、接続部材のピン及びバッテリの充電する充電器の充電器側プラグのピンを接続する複数の端子を備え、複数の端子に接続部材のピン又は充電器側プラグのピンを選択的に接続可能としたので、例えば、放電時は中継部材に接続部材を差込み、充電時は中継部材に充電器を差込めばよく、放電時又は充電時に伴う誤挿入の防止を図ることができる。この結果、電動作業機における放電時又は充電時の利便性の向上を図ることができる。
正極端子が充電器からバッテリの正極に接続する充電用の正極端子を兼ねるようにしたので、制御回路及び中継部材の簡素化を図ることができる。この結果、電動作業機のコストの低減を図ることができる。
【0065】
請求項では、バッテリがニッケル系又はリチューム系のバッテリにした。ニッケル系又はリチューム系のバッテリは充電時の温度管理が容易であるので、充電作業の作業性の向上を図ることができる。
【0066】
請求項では、制御部はバッテリの温度管理制御機能を備えたので、充電時の信頼性の向上を図ることができる。この結果、バッテリの寿命を延ばすことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る電動作業機の斜視図
【図2】図1の2矢視図
【図3】図1の3矢視図
【図4】本発明に係る電動作業機の分解斜視図
【図5】図1の5−5線断面図
【図6】図1の6−6線断面図
【図7】本発明に係る電動作業機の制御システム図
【図8】本発明に係る電動作業機のバッテリの寿命を表すグラフ
【図9】本発明に係る電動作業機のバッテリのメモリ効果を表すグラフ
【図10】本発明に係る電動作業機の作用説明図
【図11】本発明に係る電動作業機の中継部材の平面図
【図12】本発明に係る電動作業機の中継部材の正面図
【図13】本発明に係る電動作業機のメインキーの平面図
【図14】 本発明に係る電動作業機のメインキーの正面図
【図15】本発明に係る電動作業機の充電器側プラグの平面図
【図16】本発明に係る電動作業機の充電器側プラグの正面図
【図17】本発明に係る電動作業機の制御部及び中継部材廻りの別実施例の斜視図
【符号の説明】
10…電動作業機(電動芝刈機)、11…機体、21…カッタハウジング、22…電動モータ、23…カッタブレード、23…、24,64…制御部、26…バッテリ、41…接続部材(メインキー)、42…中継部材、51…充電器、C1…正極端子(1番端子)。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electric work machine that rotates an electric motor with a battery and controls the electric motor with a control unit to perform running of the machine body and various operations.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As electric work machines, for example, {circle around (1)} Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-65752 “Battery Electric Device Charging Device” and {circle around (2)} Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-191750 “electric work machine” are known.
According to the above (1), according to FIG. 4 of the publication, a charging socket 21 is attached to the charging operation panel 10, and an interlock switch 15 for turning on / off the power supply circuit is attached to the charging operation panel 10. The cover body 12 that slides between the cover 21 and the interlock switch 15 is provided. When the cover body 12 covers the socket 21, the interlock switch 15 is turned on, and when the socket 21 is opened, the interlock switch 15 is turned off. The protrusion 12 b is provided on the cover body 12.
According to the above (2), according to FIG. 1 of the publication, the switch 71 is attached to the support plate 76, the connection connector 72 for charging is attached to the support plate 76, and the switch 71 and the connector are connected to the opening of the housing cover 22. When the electric work machine is started by inserting and rotating the key member 74 into the switch 71, the operation portion 74b of the key member 74 covers the connection connector 72.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the battery-powered battery charger of the above item (1), the projection 12b that turns on the interlock switch 15 when the cover body 12 covers the socket 21 and turns off the interlock switch 15 when the socket 21 is opened. Since the cover body 12 is provided with a key switch that is the original purpose of the key switch, it is a device of a type in which the safety function that enables the above-mentioned electric device to be started is impaired. I have to say that it is an unsuitable device.
In addition, the electric work machine described in (2) above has the safety function inherent to the key switch and the safety function that makes it impossible to connect the charger to the electric work machine when the electric work machine is started. There is a demand for an electric working machine in which functions and a safety function for connecting a charger are integrally formed.
[0004]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an electric working machine in which a safety function for a key switch and a safety function for connecting a charger are integrally configured.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to claim 1, a rechargeable battery is mounted on the airframe, and an electric motor is rotated by the battery, and the electric motor is controlled by a control unit, thereby allowing the airframe to travel and perform various operations. In the electric work machine to be performed, a relay member is interposed between the battery and the control unit, a connection member for inserting into the relay member is prepared, and the battery and the control unit are inserted by inserting the connection member into the relay member. Connecting and removing the connecting member from the relay member allows the battery and the control unit to be separated , and the relay member is integrally provided with a connecting portion for connecting a charger for charging the battery. , It has a plurality of terminals to connect the pins of the connecting member and the charger side plug of the battery charging charger, and can selectively connect the pins of the connecting member or the charger side plug to the plurality of terminals And, one of the plurality of terminals is used as a positive terminal connected to the positive electrode of the battery, characterized in that the positive electrode terminal, which double as the positive terminal for charging connected from the charger to the positive pole of the battery And
[0006]
A relay member is interposed between the battery and the control unit, a connection member is prepared for insertion into the relay member, and the battery and the control unit are connected by inserting the connection member into the relay member. Moreover, the control part can be completely shut off from the battery by removing the connecting member from the relay member and separating the battery and the control part. With this, discharge during non-operation is reduced and overdischarge during long-term storage is prevented. As a result, the battery life can be extended.
[0007]
Further, provided the connection portion where the RELAY member connecting the charger for charging a battery integrally, a plurality of terminals for connecting the pins of the charger-side plug of a charger for charging the pin and the battery connection member comprising, in Rukoto to the pins of the pin or the charger-side plug of the connecting member can be selectively connected to a plurality of terminals, for example, during discharging the plug connection member to the relay member, during charging charger relay member Therefore, it is possible to prevent erroneous insertion associated with discharging or charging. As a result, the convenience in discharging or charging in the electric working machine is improved.
The control circuit and the relay member are simplified by allowing the positive electrode terminal to also serve as a positive electrode terminal for charging connected from the charger to the positive electrode of the battery. As a result, the cost of the electric working machine can be reduced.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the battery is a nickel or lithium battery.
In general, it is known that a nickel-based or lithium-based battery can be easily temperature-controlled during charging. Thus, the workability of the charging operation is improved by using a nickel or lithium battery.
[0009]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the control unit has a battery temperature management control function.
By providing the control unit with a battery temperature management control function, the reliability during charging is improved. As a result, the battery life can be extended.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. “Front”, “Rear”, “Left”, “Right”, “Up”, “Down” follow the direction seen from the operator, Fr is front, Rr is rear, L is left, R is right Indicates. The drawings are to be viewed in the direction of the reference numerals.
[0012]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electric working machine according to the present invention, 10 is an electric lawn mower as an electric working machine, 11 is an airframe, 12 is a front wheel, 13 is a rear wheel, 14 is a glass bag, 15 is a glass cover, Reference numeral 16 denotes a handle, 21 denotes a cutter housing, 27 denotes a cover member, 28 denotes an operation mechanism, 41 denotes a main key as a connecting member for turning on / off the power, and 42 denotes a relay serving as an insertion port for inserting / removing the main key 41 Reference numeral 73 denotes an operation lever, and 74 denotes a clutch mechanism.
The electric lawn mower 10 according to the present invention connects the battery and the control unit by inserting the main key 41 into the relay member 42 and removes the main key 41 from the relay member 42 as described later. This is an electric lawn mower designed to cut off
[0013]
FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of arrow 2 in FIG. 1 and shows a side surface of the electric lawn mower 10.
The electric lawn mower 10 controls the on / off of the electric motor 22 by inserting / removing the main key 41 to / from the body 11, and the electric motor 22 cuts the turf grass by turning the cutter blade 23 in the cutter housing 21. 21 is a rear discharge type electric lawn mower that feeds cut grass from the scroll portion 31 in the rear of the machine body 11 and collects the cut grass with a glass bag 14.
[0014]
FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow 3 in FIG. 1 and shows a side surface of the electric lawn mower 10.
In the electric lawn mower 10, the main key 41 is inserted into the relay member 42, the electric motor 22 is turned on by the operation mechanism 28 shown in FIG. 1, and the cutter blade 23 is rotated by the electric motor 22 as indicated by an arrow a. The grass is mowed at 23, and the mowed grass is fed from the scroll portion 31 of the cutter housing 21 to the glass back 14 as indicated by the arrow b by the vortex generated by the rotation of the cutter blade 23.
[0015]
That is, the electric lawn mower 10 controls the on / off of the electric motor 22 by inserting / removing the main key 41 to / from the body 11, and the electric motor 22 cuts the turf grass by turning the cutter blade 23 in the cutter housing 21, In the electric lawn mower that feeds the cut grass from the scroll portion 31 in the cutter housing 21 to the rear of the body 11 and collects the cut grass with the glass bag 14, the scroll portion 31 is arranged on the left or right side of the body 11. In addition, it can be said that the mounting bracket 29 as an insertion port through which the main key 41 is inserted and removed is arranged on the other side of the body 11.
[0016]
Generally, in a rear-discharge type electric lawn mower that feeds the cut grass from the scroll portion to the rear of the machine and collects the cut grass with a glass bag, the cut grass adheres to the scroll portion, so the scroll portion is periodically cleaned. Therefore, there is a need for a structure that facilitates cleaning of the scroll portion.
Therefore, the scroll unit 31 is arranged on one side of the left side or the right side of the machine body 11, and the insertion port (mounting bracket 29) through which the main key 41 is inserted and removed is arranged on the other side of the machine body 11. Next, the main key 41 is inserted and removed. In this state, the machine body 12 is laid down and the scroll portion 31 can be cleaned. That is, the operator can improve the workability of the cleaning work by performing the two operations of removing and inserting the main key 41 and laying down the machine body 12 from the side of the machine body 12 without changing the place.
Hereinafter, the configuration of the electric lawn mower 10 will be described in detail.
[0017]
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the electric working machine according to the present invention, and shows the main components of the electric lawn mower 10.
The electric lawn mower 10 includes a cutter housing 21, an electric motor 22 attached to the cutter housing 21, a cutter blade 23 attached to a motor shaft 22 a of the electric motor 22, a control unit 24 disposed on the electric motor 22, A battery bracket 25 attached to the cutter housing 21 from above the electric motor 22 and the control unit 24, a battery 26 placed on the bracket 25, and the electric motor 22, the control unit 24, the battery bracket 25 and the battery 26 are connected to each other. It comprises a cover member 27 that collectively covers and an operation mechanism 28 that controls ON / OFF of the electric motor 22. The battery bracket 25 is fixed together when the electric motor 22 is attached to the cutter housing 21.
[0018]
The cutter housing 21 has an opening 21b for attaching the electric motor 22 to the main body 21a, and bosses 21c for fixing the electric motor 22 to the main body 21a (... indicates a plurality. And the scroll portion 31 for allowing the cutter blade 23 to rotate and for transporting the cut grass to the glass bag 14 behind the machine body 11 (see FIG. 3).
Further, by attaching the electric motor 22 to the bosses 21 c of the cutter housing 21, communication holes 32... (Only one is shown) communicating with the inside and outside of the cutter housing 21 are formed.
[0019]
The control unit 24 is composed of a control case 34 and a control board 35 housed in the control case 34, and the control board 35 is a non-contact which is a component of the operation mechanism 28 in order to control the electric motor 22. A reed switch 36 is connected, and an indicator light 37 that is constantly lit to notify the operator that the electric lawn mower 10 can be operated is connected, and a buzzer 38 that continues to sound continuously during the running of the body 11 and various operations. Connected. Further, the main key 41 for turning on the power is provided, and the relay member 42 into which the main key 41 is inserted is provided.
The relay member 42 is a connector and also serves as a connection portion for charging the battery 26 as will be described later.
[0020]
The battery bracket 25 is formed of a metal material, and attaches a main body portion 25a covering the side and upper portion of the electric motor 22, an extension portion 25b extending from the main body portion 25a, and a relay member 42. The mounting bracket 29 is for fixing to the cutter housing 21 together with the electric motor 22.
25c and 25d are ventilation openings formed in the main body 25a, and 25e is an ventilation opening formed in the extension 25b.
[0021]
As described above, it can be said that the electric lawn mower 10 is obtained by fixing the battery bracket 25 and the electric motor 22 to the cutter housing 21 together.
That is, by assembling the battery bracket 25 and the electric motor 22 together with the cutter housing 21, it is possible to improve the assembly of the electric lawn mower 10.
[0022]
The battery 26 is a nickel-cadmium battery and includes a front battery 43 and first and second upper batteries 44 and 45 as upper batteries.
The front battery 43 is a combination of a plurality of cells 46... Having a rated voltage of 1.2 V, and is arranged vertically on the extending portion 25 b of the battery bracket 25.
Like the front battery 43, the first and second upper batteries 44 and 45 are a combination of a plurality of cells 46... Having a rated voltage of 1.2 V, and are placed horizontally on the main body 25a of the battery bracket 25. Arranged.
[0023]
The battery 26 is preferably a high-performance battery, and other nickel-based or lithium-based batteries may be used in addition to the nickel-cadmium battery.
In general, it is known that a nickel-based or lithium-based battery can be easily temperature-controlled during charging. Therefore, the workability of the charging operation can be improved by using a nickel or lithium battery.
[0024]
The cover member 27 is a member formed of resin, and is a cover provided with a louver 47 in the lower front portion, and forms a vent hole 27a in the rear, and an escape portion 27b that opens the relay member 42 on the left side. Is formed. Moreover, the louver 47 formed the opening 47a ... which distribute | circulates air.
[0025]
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 1 and shows a side cross-section of the electric lawn mower 10. FIG.
The electric lawn mower 10 surrounds a cutter blade 23 with a cutter housing 21, an electric motor 22 is attached to the upper part of the cutter housing 21, and the electric motor 22 is driven by a rechargeable battery 26. It can be said that the first and second upper batteries 44 and 45 disposed on the electric motor 22 and the front battery 43 disposed in front of the electric motor 22 are configured.
[0026]
That is, the weight of the electric lawn mower 10 is configured by configuring the battery 26 from the first and second upper batteries 44 and 45 disposed on the electric motor 22 and the front battery 43 disposed in front of the electric motor 22. A balance can be secured. As a result, the operability of the electric lawn mower 10 can be improved.
[0027]
Further, the electric lawn mower 10 is equipped with a rechargeable battery 26 on the body 11, the electric motor 22 is rotated by the battery 26, and the cutter blade 23 in the cutter housing 21 is rotated by the electric motor 22. The cover member 27 includes a cover member 27 that collectively covers the electric motor 22 and the battery 26, and the cover member 27 is formed in an upward slope from the front to the rear of the body 11 in a side view and has an opening 47a in the lower front portion. In addition, it can be said that the battery 26 or the electric motor 22 is cooled by ventilating the vent hole 27a from the open port 47a by forming the vent hole 27a on the rear side.
[0028]
A cover member 27 that collectively covers the electric motor 22 and the battery 26 is formed ascending from the front to the rear of the body 11 in a side view, an opening 47a is formed in the lower front portion of the cover member 27, and ventilation is provided rearward. A hole 27a is formed. The battery 26 or the electric motor 22 is cooled by ventilating from the opening 47a to the vent hole 27a. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the battery 26 or the electric motor 22 from excessively generating heat, and the electric lawn mower 10 can endure continuous use for a long time.
[0029]
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 1, and shows the lawn mower in a state where the cover member 27 (see FIG. 5) of the electric lawn mower 10 is removed.
The electric lawn mower 10 is attached to the cutter housing 21 with a battery bracket 25 having a main body portion 25a covering the side and upper portion of the electric motor 22 and extending portions 25b extending forward from both sides of the electric motor 22. It can be said that the first and second upper batteries 44 and 45 are mounted on the main body portion 25a of the bracket 25, and the front battery 43 is distributed and mounted on the extending portion 25b.
[0030]
That is, the first and second upper batteries 44 and 45 are mounted on the main body portion 25a of the battery bracket 25, and the front battery 25b is distributed and mounted on the extending portion 25b of the battery bracket 25. -Air can be easily circulated between the second upper batteries 44 and 45 and the electric motor 22. As a result, the heat dissipation of the front battery 43, the first and second upper batteries 44 and 45, and the electric motor 22 can be promoted.
[0031]
It can be said that the electric lawn mower 10 is made of the battery bracket 25 made of metal and provided with openings 25c, 25d, and 25e for ventilation at the battery 43, 44, and 45 mounting positions of the battery bracket 25.
The battery bracket 25 is made of metal, and openings 25c, 25d, and 25e for ventilation are provided at positions where the batteries 43, 44, and 45 of the battery bracket 25 are mounted, thereby further radiating heat from the electric motor 22 and the batteries 43, 44, and 45. Can be promoted.
[0032]
The front battery 43 and the first and second upper batteries 44 and 45 are fixed to the battery bracket 25 by elastic belts 49a, 49b, and 49c, respectively.
[0033]
FIG. 7 is a control system diagram of the electric working machine according to the present invention. The electric working machine control system 50 includes a control unit 24 that controls the electric motor 22 and charging for charging the battery 26. And 51.
[0034]
The circuit configuration of the control unit 24 includes an overcurrent cutoff circuit 55 that cuts off overcurrent, a control block 56 that controls the operation of the electric lawn mower 10, a thermistor 57 that monitors the temperature of the battery 26 during charging, and information on the thermistor. The relay member 42 includes a thermal breaker 58 that stops charging on the basis of which the main key 41 and the charger 51 are both compatible and removable.
[0035]
The controller 24 monitors the temperature of the battery 26 with the thermistor 57 during charging. That is, it indicates that the battery 26 has a temperature management control function.
By providing the control unit 24 with a battery temperature management control function, reliability during charging can be improved. As a result, the battery life can be extended.
[0036]
The control block 56 includes a motor control circuit 61 that controls the electric motor 22, a lighting circuit 62 that lights the indicator lamp 37, and a buzzer driving circuit 63 that drives the buzzer 38. The indicator lamp 37 is an LED (light emitting diode).
[0037]
The motor control circuit 61 is a circuit for controlling the electric motor 22 and connected to the non-contact type reed switch 36 of the operation mechanism 28 (see FIG. 4) for turning on / off the electric motor 22.
The lighting circuit 62 is a circuit that always turns on the indicator lamp 37 when the voltage of the battery 26 exceeds a voltage immediately before receiving the memory effect described later, and turns off the indicator lamp 37 when the voltage falls below the voltage. . That is, this is a circuit in which the indicator lamp 37 is always lit unless the voltage of the battery 26 is lower than 0.97 V / cell.
[0038]
For example, the electric lawn mower 10 using the battery 26 as a drive source (see FIG. 5) is provided with an indicator lamp 37 that is always lit when the voltage immediately before receiving the memory effect is exceeded. The operation may be continued when the indicator light 37 of the machine 10 is lit, and the operation may be stopped and the battery 26 may be charged when the indicator light 37 is turned off.
That is, the electric lawn mower 10 is provided with the indicator lamp 37 that is always lit when the voltage of the battery 26 exceeds the voltage just before receiving the memory effect, thereby accurately informing the operator of the charging time of the battery 26. This can prevent the battery 26 from having a short life.
[0039]
The buzzer drive circuit 63 is a circuit that always sounds the buzzer 38 while the electric motor 22 is rotating, and is a circuit that stops the operation of the buzzer 38 when the voltage of the battery 26 falls below a preset voltage.
[0040]
In other words, the electric lawn mower 10 (see FIG. 5) is equipped with a rechargeable battery 26 on the body 11, and in the electric work machine for running the body 11 and performing various operations using the battery 26 as a drive source, It can be said that a buzzer 38 that constantly sounds during traveling and various operations is provided so that the operator is informed that it is operating.
[0041]
In general, an electric motor driven working machine has a much lower noise level than an engine driven working machine. Therefore, when such an electric work machine is used in a noisy environment, it may be difficult to sensuously determine whether the electric work machine is operating.
That is, by attaching a buzzer 38 that keeps sounding during the running of the body 11 and various operations to the electric lawn mower 10 (see FIG. 5) and informing the operator that it is operating, the workability of the electric lawn mower 10 and The handling property can be improved.
[0042]
In addition, it can be said that the electric lawn mower 10 (see FIG. 1) is configured such that the operation is stopped when the buzzer 38 falls below a preset voltage of the battery 26.
By preventing the buzzer 38 from operating when the voltage of the battery 26 falls below a preset voltage, it is possible to prevent mischievous battery 26 consumption.
[0043]
The relay member 42 is a connector provided with six connection terminals, and an overcurrent cutoff circuit 55 is connected to the first terminal C1 as a positive terminal (C1 is simply indicated as “1” in the figure, the same applies hereinafter). To the positive terminal of the battery 26, the negative terminal of the battery 26 and one of the control blocks 56 to the second terminal C2, the other of the control block 56 to the third terminal C3, and the thermal breaker to the fourth terminal C4. 58, one end of the thermistor is connected to the fifth terminal C5, and the other end of the thermal breaker 58 and the other end of the thermistor 57 are connected to the sixth terminal C6.
[0044]
The main key 41 is a plug having a pair of electrically connected pins P 1 and P 3 (P 1 and P 3 are simply indicated as “1” and “3” in the figure), and is the first of the relay members 42. This plug is a short circuit between the first terminal C1 and the third terminal C3 by being inserted into the terminal C1 and the third terminal C3.
[0045]
The charger 51 includes a charger-side plug 52 connected to the relay member 42 and a power plug 53 connected to a household power source.
The charger side plug 52 is connected to the first terminal C1, the second terminal C2, the fourth terminal C4, the fifth terminal C5, and the sixth terminal C6 of the relay member 42, respectively, with a first pin R1 (in this figure). R1 is simply displayed as “1” (the same applies hereinafter), a plug having 2nd pin R2, 4th pin R4, 5th pin R5 and 6th pin R6, and a plug for charging battery 26. is there.
From the above, it can be said that the relay member 42 is a connector in which both the main key 41 and the charger-side plug 52 are compatible with each other.
[0046]
In other words, the electric lawn mower 10 is integrally provided with a connecting portion for connecting a charger 51 for charging the battery 26 to the relay member 42.
By integrally providing a connecting portion for connecting the charger 51 for charging the battery 26 to the relay member 42, for example, the connecting member (main key 41) is inserted into the relay member 42 at the time of discharging, and at the time of charging. It is only necessary to insert the charger 51 into the relay member 42, and it is possible to prevent erroneous insertion accompanying discharging or charging. As a result, the convenience of the electric lawn mower 10 at the time of discharging or charging can be improved.
[0047]
In the electric lawn mower 10, the relay member 42 has a positive terminal (first terminal C 1) connected to the positive electrode of the battery 26, and this positive terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the battery 26 from the charger 51. It can also be said that it was something that was also made to serve.
By making the positive terminal (first terminal C1) also serve as the positive terminal for charging connected from the charger 51 to the positive electrode of the battery 26, the control unit 24 and the relay member 42 can be simplified. As a result, the cost of the electric lawn mower 10 can be reduced.
[0048]
Further, the electric lawn mower 10 (see FIG. 5) includes a rechargeable battery 26 mounted on the airframe 11, the electric motor 22 is rotated by the battery 26, and the electric motor 22 is controlled by the control unit 24. In the electric working machine that performs 11 running and various operations, a relay member 42 is interposed between the battery 26 and the control unit 24, and a connection member (main key 41) to be inserted into the relay member 42 is prepared. It can be said that the battery 26 and the control unit 24 are connected by inserting the connection member into the relay member 42 and the battery 26 and the control unit 24 are disconnected by removing the connection member from the relay member 42.
[0049]
A relay member 42 is interposed between the battery 26 and the control unit 24, a connection member (main key 41) is prepared for insertion into the relay member 42, and the battery is obtained by inserting the connection member into the relay member 42. 26 and the control unit 24 are connected. Also, the control member 24 can be completely disconnected from the battery 26 by removing the connecting member from the relay member 42 and disconnecting the battery 26 and the control portion 24. With this, it is possible to reduce discharge during non-operation and to prevent overdischarge during long-term storage. As a result, the life of the battery 26 can be extended.
[0050]
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the battery life of the electric working machine according to the present invention. The horizontal axis represents the depth of discharge (%), and the vertical axis represents the number of charge / discharge cycles. Here, the depth of discharge represents the depth of discharge of the battery and is expressed as a percentage. For example, when the battery capacity is 100 and complete discharge is performed, the discharge depth is displayed as 100%. The number of cycles represents the number of times that the battery can be charged and discharged.
The nickel-cadmium battery recovers its capacity even after complete discharge and is more resistant to overdischarge than lead batteries. However, repeated complete discharge causes a reduction in battery life. For example, when the discharge depth is 100 (%), that is, when complete discharge is repeated, the battery cycle number is 500 to 800 times. When charging and discharging at the discharge depth 50 (%) is repeated, the battery cycle number is 1700 to 1800 times. Extend.
[0051]
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the memory effect of the battery of the electric working machine according to the present invention. The horizontal axis is the discharge time (min), and the vertical axis is the battery voltage (V).
In a nickel-cadmium battery, it is known that when a deep discharge is performed after repeated shallow charge / discharge, the voltage at the time of discharge drops by two stages. This is called the memory effect.
In the graph, the battery voltage gradually decreases from 1.3 to 1.1 (V) until the discharge time is 60 (min). However, when the discharge time exceeds 60 (min), the battery voltage rapidly decreases.
From FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, in order to use the battery for a long time, first, complete discharge is not repeated. Secondly, do not repeat the shallow discharge that causes the memory effect. It is necessary to pay attention to these two items. That is, charging / discharging at an appropriate depth of discharge is desired.
[0052]
Empirically, a battery with a rating of 1.2 V / cell is expected to have a discharge end voltage of 1.1 V / cell causing the memory effect, and the electric lawn mower 10 (see FIG. 1) has a discharge end voltage of 1.1 V / cell. Aiming to set the voltage below the cell, an indicator lamp 37 (see FIG. 5) that is always lit unless the battery voltage is lower than 9.7 V / cell is provided.
[0053]
Referring back to FIG. 5, the electric lawn mower 10 is equipped with a rechargeable battery 26 on the machine body 12, and the electric work machine for running the machine body 12 and performing various operations using the battery 26 as a drive source is a shallow charge. When a deep discharge is performed after repeating the discharge cycle, a phenomenon in which the voltage at the time of discharge drops by two steps is called a memory effect, and always when the voltage of the battery 26 exceeds the voltage just before receiving the memory effect. It can be said that the display lamp 37 to be lit is provided.
That is, by providing the electric lawn mower 10 with the indicator lamp 37 that is always lit when the voltage of the battery 26 exceeds the voltage just before receiving the memory effect, the operator is accurately informed of the charging time of the battery 26, This can prevent the battery 26 from having a short life.
[0054]
Next, an example of the heat dissipation mechanism of the electric lawn mower 10 described above will be described.
10 (a) and 10 (b) are explanatory views of the operation of the electric working machine according to the present invention, (a) shows the air flow during operation of the electric lawn mower, and (b) is immediately after the electric lawn mower stops. Shows the air flow.
In (a), while the electric lawn mower 10 is in operation, the cutter blade 21 rotates and the inside of the cutter housing 21 becomes negative pressure. Accordingly, the communication hole 32 formed by drawing the outside air from the opening 47a (see FIG. 4) of the louver 47 as indicated by the arrow (1) and attaching the electric motor 22 to the cutter housing 21 via the side of the front battery 43. Flows into the cutter housing 21 (see FIG. 4).
On the other hand, outside air is drawn in from the ventilation hole 27a of the cover member 27 as indicated by arrows (2) and (3), and passes through the sides of the first and second upper batteries 44 and 45, and the communication hole 32 (see FIG. 4). Into the cutter housing 21. Forcible cooling of the front battery 43, the first and second upper batteries 44 and 45, and the electric motor 22 can be achieved by the air flow indicated by the arrows (1) to (3).
[0055]
In (b), immediately before the electric lawn mower 10 stops, the front battery 43, the first and second upper batteries 44 and 45, and the electric motor 22 are in a heat generating state. Therefore, as shown by arrows (4) to (6) from the communication hole 32, the front battery 43, the first and the second batteries by natural convection passing around the front battery 43, the first and second upper batteries 44 and 45, or the electric motor 22 are shown. The second upper batteries 44 and 45 and the electric motor 22 can dissipate heat. Along with this, an air flow as indicated by an arrow (7) can be expected from the opening 47a (see FIG. 4) of the louver 47 to the ventilation hole 27a of the cover member 27, and further heat dissipation can be promoted. .
[0056]
That is, in the electric lawn mower 10, the cutter housing 21 is provided with a communication hole 32 communicating with the cover member 27, and the cutter blade 23 is rotated to rotate the cutter blade 23 into the cutter housing 21 from the opening 47a (see FIG. 4) and the ventilation hole 27a. While the cutter blade 23 is stopped, the electric motor 22 or the front battery 43 and the first and second upper batteries 44 and 45 are caused to flow backward from the cutter housing 21 to the ventilation hole 27a while the cutter blade 23 is stopped. It can be said.
[0057]
Details of the main key 41, the relay member 42, and the charger side plug 52 will be described below.
FIG. 11 is a plan view of the relay member of the electric working machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a front view of the relay member of the electric working machine according to the present invention.
The relay member 42 includes a housing 42a, six terminals C1 to C6 provided on the housing, and a harness 42c extending from the terminals C1 to C6.
As shown in FIG. 12, the six terminals C1 to C6 are arranged in order from the upper right of the drawing, the first terminal C1, the second terminal C2, the third terminal C3, the fourth terminal C4, the fifth terminal C5 and the sixth terminal C6. These first to sixth terminals C1 to C6 are connected to the control board 35 of the control unit 24 (see FIG. 7) via the harness 42c, and the details are as shown in FIG.
[0058]
FIG. 13 is a plan view of the main key of the electric working machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 14 is a front view of the main key of the electric working machine according to the present invention.
The main key 41 includes a housing 41a and four pins P1, P3, P4, and P6 provided on the housing 41a.
As shown in FIG. 14, the four pins P1, P3, P4, and P6 are the first pin P1, the third pin P3, the fourth pin P4, and the sixth pin P6 in order from the lower right of the drawing, and are relayed. The positions N2 and N5 corresponding to the second terminal C2 and the fifth terminal C5 of the member 42 (see FIG. 12) are empty.
The first pin P1 and the third pin P3 are short-circuited pins connected inside the housing 41a, and the fourth pin P4 and the sixth pin P6 are dummy pins.
[0059]
FIG. 15 is a plan view of the charger side plug of the electric working machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 16 is a front view of the charger side plug of the electric working machine according to the present invention.
The charger side plug 52 includes a housing 52a, five pins R1, R2, R4, R5, and R6 provided on the housing 52a, and a harness extending from these terminal pins R1, R2, R4, R5, and R6. 52c.
As shown in FIG. 16, the five pins R1, R2, R4, R5, and R6 are arranged in order from the lower right of the drawing, the first pin R1, the second pin R2, the fourth pin R4, the fifth pin R5, and the sixth pin. The position corresponding to the pin R6 and corresponding to the third terminal C3 of the relay member 42 (see FIG. 12) is an empty portion.
[0060]
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of another embodiment around the controller and the relay member of the electric working machine according to the present invention.
The control unit 64 includes a control case 65, a control board 66 accommodated in the control case 65, and a relay member 67 serving as an insertion port for inserting the main key 41 mounted directly on the control board 66. To do. Reference numeral 37 denotes an indicator lamp, and 38 denotes a buzzer.
[0061]
It can be said that the electric lawn mower 10 is provided with the relay member 67 integrally with the control unit 64 that controls the electric motor 22 (see FIG. 5).
By providing the relay member 67 integrally with the control unit 64 that controls the electric motor 22, for example, it is possible to reduce the harness and the like and improve the assemblability of the electric lawn mower 10.
[0062]
In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the main key 41 can be freely inserted and removed from the relay member 42. However, the main key 41 is not limited to this, and a relay member is attached to the fuselage and connected to the relay member. Any member can be used as long as the member is detachable and the power can be turned on and off.
[0063]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention exhibits the following effects by the above configuration.
In claim 1, a relay member is interposed between the battery and the control unit, a connection member for inserting into the relay member is prepared, and the battery and the control unit are connected by inserting the connection member into the relay member. Since the battery and the control unit are separated by removing the connecting member from the relay member, the control unit can be completely cut off from the battery. That is, the discharge during non-operation is reduced and overdischarge during long-term storage is prevented. As a result, the battery life can be extended.
[0064]
Further, provided the connection portion where the RELAY member connecting the charger for charging a battery integrally, a plurality of terminals for connecting the pins of the charger-side plug of a charger for charging the pin and the battery connection member Since the connection member pins or the charger side plug pins can be selectively connected to a plurality of terminals , for example, the connection member is inserted into the relay member during discharging, and the charger is inserted into the relay member during charging. It is sufficient to prevent the erroneous insertion associated with discharging or charging. As a result, it is possible to improve convenience during discharging or charging in the electric working machine.
Since the positive terminal serves as the positive terminal for charging connected from the charger to the positive electrode of the battery, the control circuit and the relay member can be simplified. As a result, the cost of the electric working machine can be reduced.
[0065]
According to claim 2, the battery has a battery nickel-based or Lithium-based. Since the nickel-type or lithium-type battery can be easily temperature-controlled during charging, the workability of the charging operation can be improved.
[0066]
According to the third aspect of the present invention , since the control unit has a battery temperature management control function, it is possible to improve the reliability during charging. As a result, the battery life can be extended.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electric working machine according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view taken along an arrow 2 in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the electric working machine according to the present invention. Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 in Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a control system diagram of an electric working machine according to the present invention. Fig. 9 is a graph showing the battery life of the electric working machine. Fig. 9 is a graph showing the memory effect of the battery of the electric working machine according to the invention. Fig. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the electric working machine according to the invention. FIG. 12 is a plan view of the relay member of the electric working machine according to the present invention. FIG. 13 is a plan view of the main key of the electric working machine according to the present invention. FIG. 15 is a front view of the main key of the electric working machine according to the invention. FIG. 15 is a plan view of the charger side plug of the electric working machine according to the invention. FIG. 17 is a perspective view of another embodiment around the control unit and the relay member of the electric working machine according to the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Electric working machine (electric lawn mower), 11 ... Airframe, 21 ... Cutter housing, 22 ... Electric motor, 23 ... Cutter blade, 23 ..., 24, 64 ... Control part, 26 ... Battery, 41 ... Connection member (main Key), 42 ... Relay member, 51 ... Charger, C1 ... Positive terminal (No. 1 terminal).

Claims (3)

機体に充電可能なバッテリを搭載し、このバッテリで電動モータを回転させ、この電動モータを制御部で制御することで機体の走行や各種の作業を行なう電動作業機において、
前記バッテリと制御部との間に中継部材を介在させ、この中継部材に差込むための接続部材を用意し、この接続部材を中継部材に差込むことで前記バッテリと制御部を接続し、前記接続部材を中継部材から取外すことで前記バッテリと制御部を切離すようにしてなり、
前記中継部材は、前記バッテリを充電するための充電器を接続する接続部分を一体的に設けたものであり、前記接続部材のピン及び前記バッテリの充電する充電器の充電器側プラグのピンを接続する複数の端子を備え、前記複数の端子に前記接続部材のピン又は充電器側プラグのピンを選択的に接続可能とし、
前記複数の端子の内の一つを前記バッテリの正極に接続した正極端子として使用し、この正極端子は、前記充電器から前記バッテリの正極に接続する充電用の正極端子を兼ねるようにしたことを特徴とする電動作業機。
In an electric work machine that carries a rechargeable battery, rotates an electric motor with this battery, and controls the electric motor with a control unit to run the machine and perform various operations,
A relay member is interposed between the battery and the control unit, a connection member for inserting into the relay member is prepared, the battery and the control unit are connected by inserting the connection member into the relay member, By detaching the connecting member from the relay member, the battery and the control unit are separated ,
The relay member is integrally provided with a connection portion for connecting a charger for charging the battery, and includes a pin of the connection member and a pin of a charger side plug of the charger for charging the battery. Provided with a plurality of terminals to be connected, the pins of the connection member or the pins of the charger side plug can be selectively connected to the plurality of terminals,
One of the plurality of terminals is used as a positive terminal connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the positive terminal serves also as a positive terminal for charging connected from the charger to the positive electrode of the battery. Electric working machine characterized by.
前記バッテリは、ニッケル系又はリチューム系のバッテリであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電動作業機。  The electric work machine according to claim 1, wherein the battery is a nickel-based or lithium-based battery. 前記制御部は、バッテリの温度管理制御機能を有していることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電動作業機。  The electric working machine according to claim 1, wherein the control unit has a battery temperature management control function.
JP2001252045A 2001-08-22 2001-08-22 Electric working machine Expired - Fee Related JP3776771B2 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2001252045A JP3776771B2 (en) 2001-08-22 2001-08-22 Electric working machine
TW091110061A TWI248783B (en) 2001-08-22 2002-05-14 Electric lawn mower
DE60231277T DE60231277D1 (en) 2001-08-22 2002-05-29 Electric implement
DE60235659T DE60235659D1 (en) 2001-08-22 2002-05-29 Electric working machine
EP07006813A EP1797752B1 (en) 2001-08-22 2002-05-29 Electric working machine
EP02253746A EP1285567B1 (en) 2001-08-22 2002-05-29 Electric working machine
CNB021228922A CN1253070C (en) 2001-08-22 2002-06-17 Electric working machine
CN02238736U CN2567955Y (en) 2001-08-22 2002-06-17 Electric cropper
US10/177,416 US7540132B2 (en) 2001-08-22 2002-06-21 Electric working machine
KR1020020047461A KR100873608B1 (en) 2001-08-22 2002-08-12 Electric working machine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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JP2001252045A JP3776771B2 (en) 2001-08-22 2001-08-22 Electric working machine

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JP3776771B2 true JP3776771B2 (en) 2006-05-17

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US20100051364A1 (en) * 2008-08-28 2010-03-04 Yadon Arad Apparatus for assisting motion of vehicles

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