JP3774418B2 - Dry premix mortar composition - Google Patents
Dry premix mortar composition Download PDFInfo
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- JP3774418B2 JP3774418B2 JP2002093009A JP2002093009A JP3774418B2 JP 3774418 B2 JP3774418 B2 JP 3774418B2 JP 2002093009 A JP2002093009 A JP 2002093009A JP 2002093009 A JP2002093009 A JP 2002093009A JP 3774418 B2 JP3774418 B2 JP 3774418B2
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- blast furnace
- sand
- furnace slag
- mortar composition
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は細骨材として高炉スラグ加工砂を用いた新規なドライ型プレミックスモルタル組成物に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
セメントモルタルは、セメントに細骨材として砂を配合し、水を加え混練して調製されたもので、細骨材の砂をセメントペーストで凝結、接合して強度を発生させる作用を有している。このセメントモルタルには、水２５〜３０質量％を含む堅練モルタルと、水６０〜７０質量％を含む柔練モルタルがあるが、水を加える前のドライ型のものがいわゆるプレミックスモルタルである。
【０００３】
このドライ型プレミックスモルタルに細骨材として配合する砂は、一般に川砂、海砂、山砂などの天然砂を粒度調整したもの、又は摩砕加工し、粒度調整したものが用いられ、主としてタイル下地材、タイル張付材、目地材などとして使用されている。
【０００４】
ところで、近年、自然環境保護の観点から、天然砂の採取は制限され、それとともにその供給量は漸次減少の傾向があるため、それに代るべき細骨材の供給源の開拓が要望されている。
【０００５】
一方、鉄鋼生産時に副生する高炉スラグについての実用化研究が行われ、これまでに埋立材、路盤材などの建設、土木用資材として利用することの外、溶融スラグを水や空気により急冷したのち粒度調整したものをコンクリート用細骨材として使用することも提案されているが、単に粒度調整するだけでは、粒子形状が角張ったものになり、モルタルに配合した場合、作業性低下の原因となるため、ドライ型プレミックスの細骨材として天然砂の代りに用いることはできなかった。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、このような実情に鑑み、高炉スラグの粗砕物を自生摩砕して、粒度調整とともに、粒形改善を行って、天然砂に匹敵する物性を備えた高炉スラグ加工砂を製造し、これを用いて新規なドライ型プレミックスモルタル組成物を提供することを目的としてなされたものである。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、ドライ型プレミックスモルタルに配合する細骨材として、天然砂と代替可能な高炉スラグ砂を開発するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、所定の見掛け比重をもち、所定の粒度範囲内に分級された高炉スラグを原料として用い、これを破砕して得た粗砕物を、自生摩砕すなわち生成した粒子同士を擦り合わせて摩砕し、心円率及び実積率を向上させることにより天然砂に匹敵する物性をもち、プレミックスモルタルの細骨材として使用可能な高炉スラグ加工砂が得られることを見出し、この知見に基づいて本発明をなすに至った。
【０００８】
すなわち、本発明は、セメント成分及び高炉スラグ加工砂からなるプレミックスモルタル組成物において、高炉スラグ加工砂として、見掛け比重２．２０以上で粒径５ｍｍ以下の高炉スラグ粗砕物を含水率２〜９質量％で自生摩砕処理して得られる、心円率９０％以上、実積率６５％以上の高炉スラグ加工砂を用いるとともに、セメント成分に基づき０．１〜１０質量％のセッコウを配合したことを特徴とするドライ型プレミックスモルタル組成物を提供するものである。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のドライ型プレミックスモルタル組成物は、セメント成分と細骨材としての高炉スラグ加工砂からなっている。このセメント成分は、従来の細骨材として天然砂を用いたドライ型プレミックスモルタル組成物におけるセメント成分と同じであり、特に制限はない。このようなセメント成分としては、例えば、ポルトランドセメント、高炉セメント、シリカセメント、フライアッシュセメントのほか、白色セメントやアルミナセメントのような特殊セメントなどがある。これらのセメント成分は、通常平均粒径２０μｍ、好ましくは１０μｍの粉末として用いられる。
本発明のドライ型プレミックスモルタル組成物には、強度の強化及び成形後の長さ変化の抑制のためにセッコウを配合することが必要である。この際のセッコウの配合割合は、セメント成分の質量に基づき０．１〜１０質量％、好ましくは１〜５質量％の範囲内で選ばれる。
【００１０】
次に、セメント成分に細骨材として配合される高炉スラグ加工砂は、天然砂の場合と同等又はそれ以上の品質を保証するためには、心円率７０％以上、実積率５５％以上、好ましくは６０％以上のものでなければならない。
このような高炉スラグ加工砂は、高炉スラグを破砕して得た、見掛け比重２．２０以上、好ましくは２．４０以上で、粒径２．５ｍｍ以下の高炉スラグ粗砕物を原料として用いる。この破砕は、例えばジョークラッシャー、ジャイレトリークラッシャー、ドッジクラッシャー、エッジランナー、ハンマーミル、ディスククラッシャー、ロータリークラッシャー、ボールミル、コニカルミル、アトリションミルなどを用いて行うことができるが、ロール間隙を変えることにより、粒度範囲を容易に調整しうるという点でダブルロールクラッシャーを用いるのが有利である。
【００１１】
この際、原料として見掛け比重２．２０以上の高炉スラグ粗砕物を用いることが必要であり、これよりも低い見掛け比重のものを用いると、心円率や実積率を天然砂に匹敵する程度まで高めることができない。このような原料としては、例えば高炉から排出される溶融スラグを水で急冷して得られる高炉水砕スラグや高炉から排出される溶融スラグを徐冷して得られる高炉徐冷スラグの粗砕物を挙げることができる。
【００１２】
この高炉スラグ粗砕物は、次に自生摩砕処理して、心円率９０％以上、実積率６５％以上に加工される。この自生摩砕処理は、例えば円筒状の回転式摺動摩砕機を用い、高炉スラグ粒子同士を擦り合わせて摩砕することにより行われる。この際、原料の高炉スラグは含水率２〜９質量％、好ましくは３〜４質量％の湿潤状態で行うのが、より摩砕効率を高めることができるので好ましい。含水率が２質量％未満の乾燥状態では十分な摩砕効果が得られないし、また含水率が９質量％を超えると粒子表面が水膜で覆われ、粒子同士の擦り合わせが妨害される。
【００１３】
本発明においては、このようにして得られる心円率９０％以上、実積率６５％以上の高炉スラグ加工砂を用いることが必要である。この心円率は、コンピューターマイクロスコープを用いて粒子投撮図の同一粒径のもの１０個について面積（Ａｍｍ2）及び最大径（Ｌｍｍ）測定し、以下の式により求めることができる。
Ａｍｍ2を心円とした半径Ｒ（ｍｍ）＝√Ａ／√π
心円率（％）＝Ｒ／０．５Ｌ×１００
また、実積率は、ＪＩＳ Ａ１１１１の規定に従い、高炉スラグ加工砂を、直径１４０ｍｍ、高さ１３０ｍｍの円筒容器に充填し、高炉スラグ加工砂の全体積（Ｖ）が容器の全体積（Ｖ´）に占める割合（％）を求めることによって得られる。
【００１４】
本発明のドライ型プレミックスモルタル組成物におけるセメント成分と高炉スラグ加工砂との混合割合については、特に制限はない。後者の割合を多くした場合でも天然砂を用いた場合に匹敵する強度を得ることができる。
また、本発明のドライ型プレミックスモルタル組成物には、所望に応じ、従来のドライ型プレミックスモルタル組成物に慣用されている添加成分、例えばエチレン−酢酸ビニルポリ酢酸ビニル加水分解物、メチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースなどの高分子物質、生石灰、雲母、シラス、蛇紋岩、明ばん石、カオリンクレー、セピオライト、ドロマイト、石灰石、ウォラストナイトなどの無機物質、パルプ、合成繊維のような繊維補強材、顔料を含有させることができる。
【００１５】
本発明のドライ型プレミックスモルタル組成物は、従来の天然砂を細骨材として用いたものと全く同様に水を加え、水２５〜７０質量％を含むモルタルとして各種用途に供することができる。
【００１６】
【実施例】
次に実施例により本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。
【００１７】
参考例１
見掛け比重２．２６、粒径範囲０．０１〜２．５ｍｍの炉前水砕スラグ（Ａ）及び見掛け比重２．５１、粒径範囲０．０１〜２．５ｍｍの炉前水砕スラグ（Ｂ）の各２０ｋｇを、円筒状の回転式摺動摩砕機（直径６００ｍｍ、高さ２００ｍｍ、回転速度２０００ｒｐｍ）に装入し、滞留時間５分間で連続的に自生摩砕処理した。このようにして得た高炉スラグ加工砂の見掛け比重、実積率、心円率を表１に示す。
【００１８】
【表１】
この表から明らかなように、高炉スラグの見掛け比重、実積率、心円率はいずれも自生摩砕処理により向上し、天然砂の物性に近付いている。
【００２０】
参考例２
見掛け比重２．７６、粒径範囲０．３〜５ｍｍ、実積率５６．６％、心円率７６．１％の高炉水砕スラグを、乾燥状態及び水含有率３質量％のダブルロールクラッシャーにより破砕したのち、参考例１と同じ円筒状の回転式摺動摩砕機を用いて、自生摩砕処理した。
このようにして得た高炉スラグ加工砂の見掛け比重、実積率及び心円率を、処理前の高炉スラグのそれらとともに表２に示す。
【００２１】
【表２】
この表から分るように、自生摩砕処理により乾燥状態、湿潤状態のいずれにおいても、実積率は６０％を超え、湿潤状態の場合は、さらに６５％以上に向上している。
【００２３】
参考例３
見掛け比重２．７１、粒径範囲０．０１〜２．５ｍｍ、実積率５８．７％、心円率（平均）７３．９の高炉徐冷スラグを、参考例１と同じ円筒状の回転式摺動摩砕機を用いて、湿潤状態で自生摩砕処理した。このようにして見掛け比重２．８０、粒径範囲０．１５〜２．５ｍｍ、実積率６６．５％、心円率（平均）９３．４％の高炉スラグ加工砂を得た。
【００２４】
実施例１〜６、比較例１，２
参考例３で得た湿潤状態高炉スラグ加工砂と普通ポルトランドセメント（三井鉱山セメント社製）と無水セッコウとを、表３に示す量（ｇ）で混合し、ドライ型プレミックスモルタル組成物各２０００ｇを調製した。
【００２５】
【表３】
次に、これらの組成物に水２９５〜３５０ｇを加えて、フロー値約１９０に統一したモルタルペーストを調製した。これらのモルタルペーストを用い、ＪＩＳ Ｒ５２０１に従い、断面４０ｍｍ平方、長さ１６０ｍｍの供試体を作成し、２８日間養生した。
このようにして得た供試体の長さ変化率、曲げ強さ及び圧縮強さの経時的測定値を表４に示す。
【００２７】
比較例３
参考例３で得た高炉スラグ加工砂の代りに、参考例３で原料として用いた未処理の高炉徐冷スラグ砂を用い、実施例１〜６と同様にしてドライ型プレミックスモルタル組成物２０００ｇを調製し、実施例１〜６と同様にして試験片を作成し、２８日間養生した。
このようにして得た供試体の長さ変化率、曲げ強さ、圧縮強さの経時的測定値を表４に示す。
このものは、天然砂を用いた場合に匹敵する物性を有するが、作業性が著しく悪かった。
【００２８】
【表４】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、天然砂の代りに高炉スラグ加工砂を用い、天然砂を用いた場合に匹敵する品質をもち、作業性の良好なドライ型プレミックスモルタル組成物が得られる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel dry-type premix mortar composition using blast furnace slag processed sand as a fine aggregate.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Cement mortar is prepared by mixing sand as fine aggregate in cement, adding water and kneading, and has the effect of condensing and joining fine aggregate sand with cement paste to generate strength. Yes. The cement mortar includes a hardened mortar containing 25 to 30% by weight of water and a soft mortar containing 60 to 70% by weight of water. A dry type before adding water is a so-called premixed mortar. .
[0003]
The sand to be blended as fine aggregate in this dry type premixed mortar is generally natural sand such as river sand, sea sand, mountain sand, etc., or those which have been ground and adjusted in particle size, and mainly used for tiles. It is used as a base material, tiled material, and joint material.
[0004]
By the way, in recent years, from the viewpoint of protecting the natural environment, the collection of natural sand has been restricted, and the supply amount of the natural sand tends to gradually decrease. .
[0005]
On the other hand, practical research on blast furnace slag produced as a by-product during steel production has been conducted, and so far, molten slag has been rapidly cooled with water and air in addition to construction of landfill materials, roadbed materials, etc. It has also been proposed to use a fine-grained concrete as a fine aggregate for concrete, but simply adjusting the particle size results in an angular shape of the particles. Therefore, it could not be used in place of natural sand as a fine aggregate of a dry type premix.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of such circumstances, the present invention produces a blast furnace slag processed sand having physical properties comparable to natural sand by self-pulverizing the blast furnace slag crushed material, adjusting the particle size and improving the particle shape. The present invention has been made for the purpose of providing a novel dry-type premixed mortar composition.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive research to develop blast furnace slag sand that can be substituted for natural sand as a fine aggregate to be blended with dry-type premix mortar, the present inventors have a predetermined apparent specific gravity and a predetermined particle size. Blast furnace slag classified within the range is used as a raw material, and the coarsely pulverized product obtained by crushing it is ground by self-grinding, i.e., rubbing the generated particles together to improve the circularity and actual volume ratio. As a result, it has been found that blast furnace slag processed sand having physical properties comparable to natural sand and usable as fine aggregate of premixed mortar is obtained, and the present invention has been made based on this finding.
[0008]
That is, the present invention relates to a premixed mortar composition composed of a cement component and blast furnace slag processed sand , and blast furnace slag crushed material having an apparent specific gravity of 2.20 or more and a particle size of 5 mm or less as a blast furnace slag processed sand. Blast furnace slag processed sand with a core rate of 90% or more and an actual volume ratio of 65% or more obtained by self-grinding at a mass% of 0.1% to 10% by mass of gypsum was blended based on the cement component. The present invention provides a dry premix mortar composition characterized by the above.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The dry premix mortar composition of the present invention comprises a cement component and blast furnace slag processed sand as a fine aggregate. This cement component is the same as the cement component in the dry premix mortar composition using natural sand as a conventional fine aggregate, and is not particularly limited. Examples of such cement components include Portland cement, blast furnace cement, silica cement, fly ash cement, and special cements such as white cement and alumina cement. These cement components are usually used as a powder having an average particle diameter of 20 μm, preferably 10 μm.
In the dry type premix mortar composition of the present invention, it is necessary to blend gypsum in order to strengthen the strength and suppress the length change after molding. The mixing ratio of gypsum in this case is selected within the range of 0.1 to 10% by mass, preferably 1 to 5% by mass based on the mass of the cement component.
[0010]
Next, the blast furnace slag processed sand blended as a fine aggregate in the cement component is required to have a quality equivalent to or higher than that of natural sand. Preferably 60% or more.
Such blast furnace slag processed sand uses, as a raw material, a crushed blast furnace slag obtained by crushing blast furnace slag and having an apparent specific gravity of 2.20 or more, preferably 2.40 or more and a particle size of 2.5 mm or less. This crushing can be performed using, for example, a jaw crusher, a gyratory crusher, a dodge crusher, an edge runner, a hammer mill, a disc crusher, a rotary crusher, a ball mill, a conical mill, an attrition mill, etc. Therefore, it is advantageous to use a double roll crusher in that the particle size range can be easily adjusted.
[0011]
At this time, it is necessary to use a blast furnace slag crushed material with an apparent specific gravity of 2.20 or more as a raw material. If a material with an apparent specific gravity lower than this is used, the center circle ratio and actual volume ratio are comparable to natural sand. Can't be raised. As such a raw material, for example, blast furnace granulated slag obtained by quenching molten slag discharged from a blast furnace with water or a crushed blast furnace annealed slag obtained by gradually cooling molten slag discharged from a blast furnace. Can be mentioned.
[0012]
This blast furnace slag crushed material is then subjected to a self-grinding process and processed to a core rate of 90% or more and an actual volume ratio of 65% or more. This self-grinding treatment is performed by, for example, using a cylindrical rotary sliding grinder and rubbing the blast furnace slag particles together. At this time, it is preferable to perform the blast furnace slag as a raw material in a wet state with a moisture content of 2 to 9% by mass, preferably 3 to 4% by mass because the grinding efficiency can be further improved. When the moisture content is less than 2% by mass, a sufficient grinding effect cannot be obtained, and when the moisture content exceeds 9% by mass, the particle surface is covered with a water film, and the rubbing of the particles is hindered.
[0013]
In the present invention, it is necessary to use blast furnace slag processed sand having a center circle ratio of 90% or more and an actual volume ratio of 65% or more thus obtained. This center circle ratio can be obtained by the following equation by measuring the area (Amm 2 ) and the maximum diameter (Lmm) for 10 particles having the same particle size of the particle projection image using a computer microscope.
Radius R (mm) with Amm 2 as the center circle = √A / √π
Center circle rate (%) = R / 0.5L × 100
The actual volume ratio is determined by filling blast furnace slag processed sand into a cylindrical container having a diameter of 140 mm and a height of 130 mm in accordance with the provisions of JIS A1111 and the total volume (V) of blast furnace slag processed sand is the total volume of the container (V ′ ) To obtain the ratio (%).
[0014]
There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the mixing ratio of the cement component and blast furnace slag processing sand in the dry type premix mortar composition of this invention . Even when the latter ratio is increased, a strength comparable to that obtained when natural sand is used can be obtained.
In addition, the dry premix mortar composition of the present invention includes, as desired, additive components commonly used in conventional dry premix mortar compositions, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate polyvinyl acetate hydrolyzate, methylcellulose, carboxy High-molecular substances such as methylcellulose, quicklime, mica, shirasu, serpentinite, alunite, kaolin clay, sepiolite, dolomite, limestone, wollastonite and other inorganic substances, fiber reinforcements such as pulp and synthetic fibers, pigments It can be included.
[0015]
The dry premix mortar composition of the present invention can be used for various applications as a mortar containing 25 to 70% by mass of water by adding water in the same manner as in the case of using conventional natural sand as a fine aggregate.
[0016]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
[0017]
Reference example 1
Pre-furnace granulated slag (A) having an apparent specific gravity of 2.26 and a particle size range of 0.01 to 2.5 mm and pre-pulverized granulated slag (B) having an apparent specific gravity of 2.51 and a particle size range of 0.01 to 2.5 mm ) Was charged into a cylindrical rotary sliding grinder (diameter 600 mm, height 200 mm, rotational speed 2000 rpm) and subjected to self-grinding continuously for a residence time of 5 minutes. Table 1 shows the apparent specific gravity, actual volume ratio, and center circle ratio of the blast furnace slag processed sand thus obtained.
[0018]
[Table 1]
As is clear from this table, the apparent specific gravity, actual volume ratio, and center circle ratio of blast furnace slag are all improved by the self-grinding treatment, and are close to the physical properties of natural sand.
[0020]
Reference example 2
Double roll crusher with blast furnace granulated slag having an apparent specific gravity of 2.76, a particle size range of 0.3 to 5 mm, an actual volume ratio of 56.6%, and a circularity ratio of 76.1%, in a dry state and a water content of 3% by mass After crushing by the above, using the same cylindrical rotary sliding grinder as in Reference Example 1, self-grinding treatment was performed.
Table 2 shows the apparent specific gravity, actual volume ratio, and center circle ratio of the blast furnace slag processed sand thus obtained together with those of the blast furnace slag before treatment.
[0021]
[Table 2]
As can be seen from this table, the actual volume ratio exceeds 60% both in the dry state and in the wet state by the self-grinding treatment, and in the wet state, it further improves to 65% or more.
[0023]
Reference example 3
A blast furnace slow-cooled slag having an apparent specific gravity of 2.71, a particle size range of 0.01 to 2.5 mm, an actual volume ratio of 58.7%, and a center circle ratio (average) of 73.9 is rotated in the same cylindrical shape as in Reference Example 1. A self-grinding treatment was carried out in a wet state using a sliding grinder. Thus, blast furnace slag processed sand having an apparent specific gravity of 2.80, a particle size range of 0.15 to 2.5 mm, an actual volume ratio of 66.5%, and a center circle ratio (average) of 93.4% was obtained.
[0024]
Examples 1 to 6, Comparative Examples 1 and 2
Wet state blast furnace slag processed sand obtained in Reference Example 3, ordinary Portland cement (manufactured by Mitsui Mining Cement Co., Ltd.) and anhydrous gypsum are mixed in the amounts (g) shown in Table 3, and each 2000 g of dry type premix mortar composition is mixed. Was prepared.
[0025]
[Table 3]
Next, 295 to 350 g of water was added to these compositions to prepare a mortar paste having a flow value of about 190. Using these mortar pastes, specimens having a cross section of 40 mm square and a length of 160 mm were prepared according to JIS R5201, and cured for 28 days.
It is shown length variation rate of the specimens obtained in this manner had an over time measurements of the flexural strength and compressive strength in Table 4.
[0027]
Comparative Example 3
In place of the blast furnace slag processed sand obtained in Reference Example 3, untreated blast furnace slow-cooled slag sand used as a raw material in Reference Example 3 was used in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 6, and 2000 g of a dry premix mortar composition. A test piece was prepared in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 6, and cured for 28 days.
Table 4 shows measured values over time of the rate of change in length, bending strength, and compressive strength of the specimens thus obtained.
Although this thing has a physical property comparable to the case where natural sand is used, workability | operativity was remarkably bad.
[0028]
[Table 4]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a dry premixed mortar composition having a quality comparable to that obtained when natural sand is used by using blast furnace slag processed sand instead of natural sand is obtained.
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| KR101720212B1 (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2017-03-27 | 신명탑건설(주) | Dry mortar composition comprising blast furnace slag |
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