JP3773678B2 - Concrete compaction method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for applying vibration to concrete placed between a formwork and a tunnel inner wall surface and compacting the surrounding concrete when placing concrete for secondary lining in the tunnel. Is.
In the present specification, “laying” means filling mud concrete that has not been cured and cured between the mold and the inner wall surface of the tunnel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Originally, concrete placement for secondary lining in tunnels was carried out by moving a movable formwork for placing concrete into the tunnel, folding it forward, and then unfolding it. However, it was carried out by a mobile formwork for secondary lining in which concrete was cast at that location.
[0003]
After this mobile formwork is installed at a predetermined position in the tunnel, the mobile formwork and the inner wall surface of the tunnel are connected through concrete transport pipes from a plurality of openable inspection windows at predetermined positions provided on the mobile formwork. In order to improve the strength and durability of the cured concrete when placing concrete in between, an operator made the vibration tool protrude from the inspection window above the inspection window where the concrete was placed and cast it. It was inserted into the concrete, and the vibration of the vibrating tool was used to compact the placed concrete and to remove bubbles mixed in the concrete.
[0004]
In addition, concrete placement between the mobile formwork and the inner wall of the tunnel is the opposite of the tunnel excavation side (existing concrete placement) side, tunnel excavation side lower part, tunnel excavation side opposite It is usual to place them one after the other at the upper part of the tunnel and the upper part of the excavation side of the tunnel.
[0005]
In addition, vibration tools are mainly equipped with a vibration part at the end of a large-diameter connection cord in consideration of durability, and an operator grips the cord and puts it in the concrete where the vibration part is placed from the inspection window. The inserted concrete was vibrated by the vibration of the vibration part.
[0006]
For this reason, as shown in FIG. 11, first, the inspection window at a predetermined position is opened to form a concrete conveyance port, and the end of the concrete conveyance pipe connected to the concrete supply pipe is protruded from the inspection window. The concrete from between the mobile formwork and the inner wall of the tunnel,
From the inspection window above the concrete placement position, the operator visually inspected the amount of concrete placed between the mobile formwork and the tunnel inner wall, and after placing a predetermined amount of concrete, the inside of the inspection window To store the concrete transport pipe,
The operator projects the vibration tool from the upper inspection window, inserts it into the placed concrete, vibrates the vibration tool, and raises and lowers it to compact the placed concrete and bubbles mixed in the concrete. Removing
After placing the specified concrete, the concrete placed in another location is used as a concrete exit to place the concrete in another location. It was.
[0007]
In addition, when placing concrete in the inspection window part where the vibration tool is projected, the vibration tool is housed in the inspection window and this inspection window is closed with a window lid. If it is impossible to vibrate and the distance between the movable formwork and the inner wall surface of the tunnel is narrow, it is very difficult for an operator to insert the vibration tool into the narrow space. However, the vibration motor was directly attached to the mobile formwork, and this vibration motor vibrated the concrete placed through the mobile formwork.
[0008]
In FIG. 11, 62 is a movable formwork, 64 is an inspection window, 66 is a window lid, 68 is a concrete transport pipe, 70 is a vibration tool, 72 is concrete, 74 is a tunnel inner wall surface, and 76 is an operator. Show.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, when a vibration tool is operated by an operator, every time concrete is placed, the protrusion of the vibration tool from the inspection window, the insertion into the placed concrete, the vibration of the vibration tool, and the lifting and lowering of the vibration tool are all performed. Since it is performed manually, the problem is that work efficiency is not good.
[0010]
In addition, when the vibration tool is continuously vibrated for a long time, the mud concrete is separated into moisture and concrete, and there is a problem that the effect as concrete after curing cannot be obtained at all.
[0011]
In addition, when the mobile formwork is vibrated by a vibration motor, the vibration is local, so it is impossible to give sufficient vibration to the placed concrete, and the strength and durability of the concrete after curing and curing. Has been a problem.
[0012]
In view of such drawbacks, the present invention can drastically reduce the burden on the worker when compacting the concrete placed between the mobile formwork and the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and can improve the work efficiency. An object of the present invention is to provide a concrete compaction method and apparatus that can remarkably improve the strength and durability of concrete after curing.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to an apparatus for placing concrete for secondary lining using a movable formwork in a tunnel, and a vibrating tool that can be moved up and down with a hoisting mechanism outside the inspection window of the movable formwork. A floating cord is attached to the vibrator so that it can be inserted and removed, and a connecting cord that has a hollow structure is connected to the vibrator by covering the cord body with a covering cord with a space in between. Features a compacted concrete compaction device. Further, the device forms the cord insertion hole of the float larger than the outer diameter of the vibration tool, and the float can be inserted from the vibration tool side and is fixed to the connection cord via the fixing tool. It is characterized in that the tool can be released and removed from the vibrating tool side. In the process of placing concrete for secondary lining in the tunnel by the device having these characteristics, a vibrating tool in which a float is mounted in a removable manner in advance between the movable formwork and the inner wall surface of the tunnel. By extending the connecting cord connected to the vibration tool through a hoisting mechanism, the cord is projected from a predetermined inspection window and hung up and down freely outside the movable formwork. After placing concrete between the walls, the vibrating tool is intermittently vibrated in conjunction with the raising and lowering of the vibrating tool, and after the concrete is compacted, the concrete upper surface to be subsequently placed is floated by the buoyancy of the float, The concrete compaction method is characterized by compacting surrounding concrete while raising the vibration tool.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The tunnel placing concrete compaction apparatus according to the present invention is mounted on a movable mold 16 for placing secondary lining concrete 14 in a tunnel 12.
[0015]
In the movable mold 16 used in the present invention, the upper circle portion 18 and the lower circle portion 20 can be folded and conveyed.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, the vibration device for tunnel casting concrete according to the present invention has the following configuration.
[0017]
A plurality of inspection windows 22 penetrating the outside are provided in the movable mold 16.
[0018]
A hoisting mechanism 24 is installed in each inspection window 22 at the uppermost stage of the movable mold 16, and a vibrating tool 28 in which a float 26 is detachably mounted is provided via the hoisting mechanism 24. 16 is suspended from the outside so as to be movable up and down.
[0019]
In this example, the vibrating device 28 includes a vibrating unit 30 that houses an electromagnetic vibrating body, and is connected to a power source 34 via a connection cord 32. The connection cord 32 is elongated and wound around a winding mechanism 24. is there.
[0020]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the connection cord 32 has a hollow structure in which the outer periphery of the cord main body 36 is covered with a covering cord 38 with a space portion 37 interposed therebetween. It is lighter and easier to handle, and therefore the hoisting mechanism 24 can be made smaller.
[0021]
Moreover, the float 26 is a hollow sphere made of polyvinyl chloride, and the means for inserting into and removing from the vibrating tool 28 is configured such that the cord insertion hole 40 provided in the center of the float 26 is connected to the outside of the vibrating tool 28 (vibrating unit 30). The float 26 is inserted from the front end side (lower side in FIG. 4) of the vibration tool 28 and is fixed to the connection cord 32 via a fixing tool 42 including a retaining member, a stopper and a nut. .
[0022]
The cord guide roller 44 of the vibrating tool 28 is installed in the movable mold 12 so as to be freely housed by protruding outside the inspection windows 22 including the inspection window for projecting the vibrating tool 28.
[0023]
In this example, the outer peripheral surface of the cord guide roller 44 is curved inward toward the center in the width direction, and the load on the connection cord 32 is drastically reduced by the up-and-down movement of the vibration tool 28. Durability can be improved.
[0024]
The hoisting mechanism 24 is a reel, and is preferably provided with a mechanism for electrically hoisting, or may be a mechanism for manually hoisting.
[0025]
Each vibration tool 28 is controlled by a control mechanism 46 that causes the vibration tool 28 to vibrate intermittently, and the control mechanism 46 also controls the hoisting mechanism 24 for raising and lowering the vibration tool 28 at the same time.
[0026]
8 and 9 show a cover plate 48 that covers the outside of the inspection window 22 through which the vibration tool 28 protrudes.
[0027]
The cover plate 48 is a flat plate having a size that can cover the inspection window 22. The hinge plate 50 is arranged at the center so that the cover plate 48 can be folded into two. The inspection window 22 projects the vibration tool 28 by the cover plate 48. When the concrete is poured from above the inspection window 22 from which the vibration tool 28 is projected, the intrusion concrete from the inspection window 22 from which the vibration tool 28 is projected is prevented from entering the movable mold 16. be able to.
[0028]
In the figure, 52 is a concrete carry-out pipe installed on the upper part of the movable mold 16, 53 is a fastening hole for fastening a window lid for opening and closing the inspection window 22, 54 is a gantry, and 56 is a rail. , 58 is a driving roller, and 60 is a tunnel inner wall surface.
[0029]
A method for compacting the concrete 14 for secondary lining placed between the movable mold 16 and the tunnel inner wall surface 60 through this apparatus will be described in detail below.
[0030]
First, the movable mold 16 is moved to a predetermined position in the tunnel 12.
[0031]
Next, by extending the connecting cord 32 connected to the vibrating tool 28 via the hoisting mechanism 24, the vibrating tool 28 to which the float 26 is mounted from the inspection window 22 at the uppermost stage of the concrete placement site is extended. Then, it is suspended from the movable mold 16 so as to be movable up and down.
[0032]
At this time, each cord guide roller 44 slidably installed in each inspection window 22 including the inspection window for projecting the vibration tool 28 is projected outward, and the connection cord 32 of the vibration tool 28 is used for each cord. The guide roller 44 is hung.
[0033]
Since the outer circumferential surface of the cord guide roller 44 is curved inward toward the center in the width direction, the operability of the vibration tool 28 and the durability of the connection cord 32 can be improved.
[0034]
Next, the concrete 14 is placed between the movable formwork 16 and the tunnel inner wall surface 60 from the concrete carry-out pipe 52.
[0035]
Next, the vibration tool 28 at a predetermined place (one place or a plurality of places) is intermittently vibrated through the control mechanism 46 by visual observation of an operator of the placement amount of the concrete 14.
[0036]
At this time, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 2, the amount of concrete 14 that is poured flows from the concrete loading side (left side in FIG. 2) in order and does not become uniform. It is necessary to vibrate more of the side (left side in FIG. 2) portion. For this reason, the vibrator 28 is controlled to be intermittently vibrated individually.
[0037]
By intermittently vibrating the vibrating tool 28, the cast concrete 14 is not continuously vibrated for a long time, so that the concrete is not separated into moisture and concrete, and the strength and durability of the concrete can be improved. it can.
[0038]
Further, since the float 26 attached to the vibration tool 28 floats on the upper surface of the placed mud concrete 14, the vibration tool 28 rises together with the float 26 as the concrete is placed, so that the vibration tool 28 continues to strike. The concrete 14 is intermittently vibrated at appropriate intervals while automatically floating and rising according to the placement speed of the concrete 14 to be provided, and the surrounding concrete 14 can be reliably compacted.
[0039]
At this time, the looseness of the connection cord 32 due to the floating of the vibration tool 28 is automatically lifted by the winding mechanism 24 to be eliminated, and when the vibration tool 28 is buried in the input concrete, the winding mechanism 24 can be forcibly wound.
[0040]
Next, after the placement of a predetermined amount of concrete 14 is completed, the inspection windows 22 are sequentially closed.
[0041]
Next, the concrete 14 is placed from another concrete discharge pipe 52 to a separate place, and each vibration tool 28 is intermittently vibrated in the same manner as described above. The concrete 14 is sequentially cast in the lower part, the upper part of the tunnel 12 opposite to the excavation side, and the upper part of the tunnel 12 on the excavation side, and the cast concrete 14 is compacted.
[0042]
Further, the outside of the inspection window 22 from which the vibration tool 28 protrudes is covered with a covering plate 48, and the inspection window 22 from which the vibration tool 28 protrudes when the concrete is poured from above the inspection window 22 from which the vibration tool 28 protrudes. It is possible to prevent the input concrete from entering the movable mold 16.
[0043]
At this time, the cover plate 48 is folded into two pieces from the inside of the inspection window 22, protrudes to the outside of the inspection window 22, and then spreads and is fixed using the fixing holes 53.
[0044]
Further, when a large number of reinforcing tools such as reinforcing bars are arranged between the movable mold 16 and the tunnel inner wall surface 60, or when the distance between the movable mold 16 and the tunnel inner wall surface 60 is narrow, Since the float 26 of the vibration tool 28 is in the way, it is recommended to use the vibration tool 28 by removing the float 26. However, the float 26 of the vibration tool 28 of the present invention releases the fixation of the fixing tool 42, The float 26 can be easily removed from the distal end side of the vibrating tool 28 (vibrating unit 30).
[0045]
In this example, the amount of concrete placed between the mobile formwork 16 and the tunnel inner wall surface 60 is visually observed by an operator. However, a concrete sensor for detecting the amount of concrete placed is installed and the concrete is placed. By detecting the amount of concrete placed by the sensor, the intermittent vibration of the vibration tool 28, raising and lowering, and concrete placing from the concrete carry-out pipe 52 are interlocked, thereby reducing the number of workers and further improving workability. be able to.
[0046]
Further, the structure of the vibrating tool 28 such as the shape of the float 26 and the internal structure of the connection cord 32 is not necessarily the same as in this example, and other structures can be freely adopted.
[0047]
In addition, the concrete input between the movable mold 16 and the inner wall surface 60 of the tunnel is due to the concrete carry-out pipe 52 on the upper part of the movable mold 16, but it is movable within the movable mold 16. It is self-evident that the concrete carrying pipe is projected from each inspection window and poured into the concrete.
[0048]
Moreover, although this example is about the concrete placement in the tunnel of a substantially semicircle diameter, it can utilize also for a circular tunnel, for example, an underwater tunnel, a sewer.
[0049]
Moreover, although the movable formwork 16 is a foldable thing, it is not necessarily limited to a foldable thing.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
According to the concrete compaction method and apparatus of the present invention, the upper surface of the concrete to be subsequently placed is floated by the buoyancy of the float according to the amount of concrete placed between the mobile formwork and the inner wall surface of the tunnel. The surrounding concrete can be efficiently and automatically compacted by intermittent vibration while raising the vibration tool.
[0051]
In addition, by forming the cord insertion hole of the float larger than the outer diameter of the vibration tool, the float is fixed to the connection cord via the fixture, and the fixture is released when the float is removed from the connection cord. The float can be easily removed from the vibrating tool side.
[0052]
In addition, the cord guide roller for the vibration tool is protruded outside each inspection window so that it can be stored in the movable mold, and the connection cord of the vibration tool is hung on the guide roller for each cord. While being separated from the outer peripheral surface of the formwork, the operability can be improved and the durability of the connection cord can be improved.
[0053]
In addition, by covering the outside of the inspection window through which the vibration tool protrudes with a covering plate that can cover the inspection window, the inspection window through which the vibration tool protrudes when concrete is introduced from above the inspection window from which the vibration tool protrudes It is possible to prevent the input concrete from entering the mobile formwork.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a mobile formwork equipped with a concrete compaction apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a wiring diagram showing the control mechanism.
FIG. 4 is a partially broken front view of the vibration tool.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a connecting cord of a vibration tool.
FIG. 6 is a front view of a cord guide roller.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the same.
FIG. 8 is a front view showing a use state of the cover plate.
FIG. 9 is a side view of the same.
FIG. 10 is a front view showing a usage state of the vibration tool.
FIG. 11 is a front view showing a conventional concrete placing and compacting operation.
[Explanation of symbols]
12 Tunnel 14 Concrete 16 Mobile Form 22 Inspection Window 24 Lifting Mechanism 26 Float 28 Vibrating Tool 32 Connection Cord 40 Cord Insertion Hole 42 Fixing Tool 44 Guide Roller for Cord 48 Cover Plate 52 Concrete Unloading Pipe 60 Tunnel Inner Wall Surface

Claims (4)

In the process of placing concrete for secondary lining (14) using the mobile formwork (16) in the tunnel (12), the mobile formwork (16) and the tunnel inner wall surface (60) A vibrating tool (28) in which a float (26) is mounted in a removable manner in advance, covers the cord body (36) connected to the vibrating tool (28) with a space (37) interposed therebetween. By extending through the hoisting mechanism (24) by the connection cord (32) which becomes a hollow structure by covering with the cord (38), the movable formwork is projected from the predetermined inspection window (22) ( 16) After hanging up and down freely, placing concrete (14) between the movable formwork (16) and the tunnel inner wall surface (60), interlocking with the raising and lowering of the vibration tool (28) After the vibrating tool (28) is intermittently vibrated and the concrete (14) is compacted, the upper surface of the concrete to be subsequently placed is floated by the buoyancy of the float (26), and the vibrating tool (28) is raised while Concrete (14) Characterized by compacting, float the cord insertion hole (40) in (26), formed larger than the outer diameter of the vibrating member (28), is inserted float (26) from the vibration member side, the fixture (42) is fixed to via a connection cord (32), to release the fastener (42), concrete compaction method characterized by removing the float (26) from the vibration member side. Outward, inspection window (22) is coated with a coating capable cover plate (48) and inspection window is protruded vibration device (28) of the inspection window that is projected vibration device (28) (22) (22) when the concrete poured from above, according to claim 1, characterized in that to prevent the intrusion of the vibration member (28) movable formwork turned concrete from the inspection window is protruded (22) (16) in Concrete compaction method. In an apparatus for placing concrete (14) for secondary lining using a mobile formwork (16 ) in a tunnel (12) , outside the inspection window (22) of the mobile formwork (16) wound fried mechanism (24) with a vertically movable and comprising vibrating equipment (28) suspended beat, with removably float (26) is mounted to the vibrating equipment (28), the vibrating equipment (28) Is connected to the cord body (36) with the covering cord (38 ) with the space portion (37) interposed therebetween to connect the connecting cord (32) having a hollow structure, and the float (26 ) Cord insertion hole (40) is made larger than the outer diameter of the vibration tool (28) , and the float (26) can be inserted from the vibration tool (28) side and connected via the fixing tool (42). it is fixed to the cord (32), characterized and to Turkey Nkurito compaction device that releases the fixation of the fixture (42) is removable from the vibrating equipment (28) side. The inspection window (22), the concrete compaction device according to claim 3, characterized in that to enable covering the outward by the cover plate (48).

Images