JP3772253B2

JP3772253B2 - Fastener

Info

Publication number: JP3772253B2
Application number: JP2000119643A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 洋有坂; 重夫岡田
Original assignee: Piolax Inc
Current assignee: Piolax Inc
Priority date: 1999-04-23
Filing date: 2000-04-20
Publication date: 2006-05-10
Anticipated expiration: 2020-04-20
Also published as: JP2001003911A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明に係る止着具は、例えば、車両用サンバイザに付設の軸部を保持するホルダの基部に設けられ、このホルダを車両の天井部に止着するのに利用する等、各種物品を壁面に形成された透孔に止着自在とする止着具に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
自動車室内の運転席等の前方上部近傍には、太陽光等の光から乗員の目を保護し、安全な走行を確保すべく、従来からサンバイザが設置されている。すなわち、車両前方のフロントガラスから差し込んでくる光を遮るために、上記サンバイザを設けている。このようなサンバイザは、図１９及び図２０に示すように、車両Ｃの運転席２２等の前方上部の天井部２３に、枢軸２４により回動自在に設けられている。この枢軸２４は一対の支持部材２５により上記天井部２３に固設している。上記光を遮る場合には、サンバイザ１を図示の状態に回動させる。曇天等のためにサンバイザ１を使用しない場合には、天井部２３に向けて回動させ、格納状態とする。尚、上記サンバイザ１には短い軸部２６を設けており、サンバイザ１の不使用時（格納状態時）には、この軸部２６を別途設けたホルダ２７に保持し、サンバイザ１が不用意に回動しないようにしている。
【０００３】
ところで、上記ホルダ２７を上記天井部２３に固設する場合、従来は、ビスによってねじ止めすることで行なっていた。しかしながら、このようなねじ止めによる固定は、取り付け後の見栄えが悪く、又、ビスによって天井部２３を疵付ける虞もある。そこで、上記ねじ止めに代えて、上記ホルダ２７に係止爪を設け、この係止爪を上記天井部２３に形成した透孔に係止させる構造のものが考えられている。例えば、特開平４−１１０２２４号公報には、ホルダ２７を構成する基部に、位置決め挿入部材と一対の係止爪とを設けた発明が記載されている。上記公報記載の技術によれば、車両Ｃの天井部２３に形成した透孔に、上記位置決め挿入部材と係止爪とを挿通することにより、上記ホルダ２７を天井部２３に確実に取り付けることができる。これとともに、取り付け後の見栄えが悪くなることが防止され、しかも天井部２３に疵を付ける虞がなくなる。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、上記公報記載の発明においては、以下のような不都合が存在する。すなわち、天井部２３にホルダ２７を取り付ける場合、上記係止爪を弾性変形させて透孔の内側（天井部２３の内側）に挿入する。挿入後は係止爪が復帰することにより天井部２３内側に係止してこのホルダ２７を保持する。このため、取り付け時に、上記係止爪を弾性変形させるために或る程度の力を要する一方で、取り付け後の保持力に不安が残る。すなわち、このホルダ２７は、自由状態における一対の係止爪が天井部２３に設けた透孔の周縁部に係合することにより支持されているため、サンバイザ１の軸部２６を保持することに伴う加重に、長期に亙って耐え得ることができない虞がある。その一方で、修理等の場合に、上記ホルダ２７を天井部２３から取り外すことは容易ではない。何となれば、天井部２３の内側（車両室外側）に位置する係止爪を、天井部２３の外側（車両室内側）から弾性変形させることはきわめて困難であるからである。このため、上記一対の係止爪を上記透孔から抜き出すことは容易でなく、この結果、取り付け後のホルダ２７の取り外しは容易ではない。
【０００５】
この発明に係る止着具は、上述したような事情に鑑みて創案されたもので、取り付けるべき壁面に対し、軽い力で容易且つ確実に取り付けでき、しかも、必要に応じて容易に取り外し可能な止着具を提供することを目的としている。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明に係る止着具は、請求項１に記載したように、車両用ルーフライニングに形成された透孔に、上記車両用ルーフライニングの一面側から止着自在な止着具であって、基部と、この基部の一側面にその一端を、上記基部の他側面にその他端を、それぞれ開口させた通孔と、上記基部の一側面で上記通孔の互いに対向する縁部からそれぞれ延出し、上記透孔の互いに対向する縁部にそれぞれ係合する、互いに平行な一対の第一の弾性係止脚と、上記第一の弾性係止脚と並んで上記基部の一側面から延出し、上記車両用ルーフライニングの他面側において上記第一の弾性係止脚におけるよりも大きく上記透孔の外方に向けて張り出すように形成され、上記縁部にそれぞれ係合する、互いにハ字状に設けられた一対の第二の弾性係止脚と、上記基部の一側面に形成され上記透孔の縁部のうち上記一対の第二の弾性係止脚が係合する縁部と交叉する方向の縁部に当接するストッパ壁と、上記基部の一端部に連続して回動自在に設けられ、回動によって上記通孔内に挿入自在で、挿入に伴って上記第一、第二の各弾性係止脚のうちの少なくとも第一の弾性係止脚を上記透孔の周縁部に係合させる向きに押圧する挿入部材と、を備え、上記一対の第二の弾性係止脚の係止片は上記透孔の隅部近傍に、夫々が外方に向かう状態で係合することを特徴とするものである。
【０００７】
上述のように構成される請求項１に記載した止着具を、上記車両用ルーフライニングに設けた透孔を介してこの車両用ルーフライニングに取り付ける際の作用は、次のとおりである。すなわち、上記各一対ずつ設けた第一、第二の各弾性係止脚を弾性変形させつつ上記透孔内に挿入する。この状態においては、第一の弾性係止脚が上記透孔の縁部に軽く係合するとともに、第二の弾性係止脚が上記透孔の縁部に係合する（仮固定状態）。この仮固定状態においては、止着具を４箇所位置で係合させているため、この止着具を仮固定した状態の車両用ルーフライニングを例に搬送等したとしても止着具が不用意に離脱することはない。この結果、製造コスト削減等の観点から推進されている、所謂モジュール化を図ることができる。すなわち、上記車両用ルーフライニングに上記止着具を仮固定した状態で、この車両用ルーフライニングを他の場所に搬送し、当該他の場所でこの車両用ルーフライニングを他の部材等に組み付け、更に上記止着具を次述するように本固定することが可能になる。尚、この発明においては、上記基部にストッパ壁を設けたため、第二の弾性係止脚は、型構造等の製造要件によりストッパ壁と一定距離を離間させて設けなければならず、透孔隅部から遠ざかり強度が小さい透孔中央寄りに係合することになるのを、本発明では、第二の弾性係止脚を上記透孔の強度が大きい隅部近傍に、夫々が外方に向かう状態で係合するようにハ字状に形成したため、該第二の弾性係止脚の係合力を保持することができる。
【０００８】
更に、この仮固定状態から本固定状態とするには、上記挿入部材を上記通孔に向けて回動させ、この通孔内に挿入する。これにより、上記基部の一側面で上記通孔の互いに対向する縁部から延出する一対の第一の弾性係止脚は、それぞれ対向する透孔の縁部により強く係合する向きに押圧されるため、上記第一の弾性係止脚はそれぞれの縁部に強固に係合する。この結果、第一、第二の各弾性係止脚が上記透孔の周縁部の４箇所位置で係合する。特に、第一の弾性係止脚は、上記挿入部材の挿入に伴って強固に係合するため、取り付け後に容易に脱落することがなくなる（本固定状態）。
【０００９】
しかも、上記挿入部材を設けたことに伴い、上記第一の弾性係止脚の自由状態における形状を、係合代を大きくすべく反った状態としておく必要がなく、上記通孔の縁部から直上に立設できるため、上記壁面に軽い力で容易に取り付け可能となる。又、上記本固定状態から止着具を取り外したい場合には、先ず、上記挿入部材を上記通孔から抜き出す。これにより、上記第一の弾性係止脚は自由状態に復帰し、上記透孔の縁部に軽く係合する状態となる。次いで、上記基部の一側の第一、第二の弾性係止脚の基端部を支点として、上記基部の他側を上記一側に向けて回動させる。これにより、上記他側の第一、第二の各弾性係止脚が弾性変形しつつ上記透孔内から抜け出る。他側の第一、第二の各弾性係止脚が上記透孔内から抜け出た後は、上記一側の第一、第二の各弾性係止脚は、上記透孔内から容易に抜け出る。従って、止着した状態から取り外すことも、容易に行なえる。
【００１０】
尚、上述の構成に加え、上記透孔の縁部のうち、上記一対の第二の弾性係止脚が係合する縁部と交叉する方向の縁部に当接するストッパ壁を、上記基部の一側面に設けた構成を採用したので、取り付け後の止着具が、上記一対の第二の弾性係止脚が係合する縁部と交叉する方向にずれ動くことが防止され、止着具の確実な固定を維持できる。
【００１１】
また、請求項２に記載の発明にあっては、前記一対の第二の弾性係止脚を、前記一対の第一の弾性係止脚の剛性よりも小さく形成したので、ラップ量が大きく、剛性が高い部位に係合できる第二の弾性係止脚の剛性を小さくすることができるため、車両用ルーフライニングに容易に取り付けることができ、かつ、取り付け後は強固に係合でき、また、取り外しも容易である。さらに、請求項３に記載の発明にあっては、前記挿入部材の先端部に、前記一対の第一の弾性係止脚の先端にそれぞれ係合する係合突起が、対応する第一の弾性係止脚の上端部の互いに整合しない位置に係合するように、形成位置をずらせて設けたので、一方の係合突起が係合した後、他方の係合突起を係合させることができ、係合作業時に要する力が小さくて済み、作業性が向上する、という効果を得ることができる。
【００１２】
さらに、この発明にあっては、請求項４に記載したように、車両用ルーフライニングに形成された透孔に、上記車両用ルーフライニングの一面側から止着自在な止着具であって、基部と、この基部の一側面にその一端を、上記基部の他側面にその他端を、それぞれ開口させた通孔と、上記基部の一側面で上記通孔の互いに対向する縁部からそれぞれ延出し、上記透孔の互いに対向する縁部にそれぞれ係合する、互いに平行な一対の第一の弾性係止脚と、上記第一の弾性係止脚と並んで上記基部の一側面から延出し、上記車両用ルーフライニングの他面側において上記第一の弾性係止脚におけるよりも大きく上記透孔の外方に向けて張り出すように形成され、上記縁部にそれぞれ係合する、互いにハ字状に設けられた一対の第二の弾性係止脚と、上記基部の一端部に連続して回動自在に設けられ、回動によって上記通孔内に挿入自在で、挿入に伴って上記第一、第二の各弾性係止脚を上記透孔の周縁部に係合させる向きに押圧する挿入部材と、を備え、上記一対の第二の弾性係止脚の係止片は上記透孔の隅部近傍に、夫々が外方に向かう状態で係合するように構成したので、挿入部材の挿入時には上記第一の弾性係止脚とともに上記第二の弾性係止脚をも押圧することができ、上記第一、第二の両弾性係止脚を透孔の縁部に強固に係合させることができ、止着の本固定状態を、より強固なものとすることができ、且つ、その際、第二の弾性係止脚に挿入部材を確実に押圧させるために、第二の弾性係止脚を挿入部材寄りに配置し、その結果、強度が小さい透孔中央寄りに係合する場合であっても、第二の弾性係止脚を上記透孔の強度が大きい隅部近傍に、夫々が外方に向かう状態で係合するようにハ字状に形成したため、該第二の弾性係止脚の係合力を保持することができる。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、添付図面に示す発明の実施の形態例に基づき、この発明を詳細に説明する。
【００１４】
図１乃至図１０は、この発明の実施の第１形態例に係る止着具を示しており、本形態例に係る止着具は、前述したサンバイザ１の軸部２６（図２０参照）を保持するためのホルダ３に適用したもので、車両Ｃの天井部２３（図２０参照）を構成するルーフライニング６に形成した長矩形の透孔７に、上記ホルダ３を取り付けるために利用する。上記ルーフライニング６が特許請求の範囲に記載した壁面に相当する。上記ホルダ３は合成樹脂部材により構成されており、基部８と、通孔９と、それぞれ一対ずつ設けられた第一、第二の各弾性係止脚１０、１１と、挿入部材１２と、を備えている。
【００１５】
上記基部８の一面側（図１乃至図４のそれぞれ下面側、図５（Ａ）の裏面側、図５（Ｃ）（Ｄ）及び図６（Ａ）のそれぞれ下面側）には、上記サンバイザ１の軸部２６を保持するためのフック１３を形成している。
【００１６】
上記通孔９は長矩形状で、上記基部８の中央部に、この基部８の一側面にその一端を、この基部８の他側面にその他端を、それぞれ開口させた状態で形成している。
【００１７】
上記一対の第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０は、上記基部８の一側面で上記通孔９の互いに対向する縁部９ａ、９ａからそれぞれ直上に向けて延出させている。この一対の弾性係止脚１０、１０は、図８に示すように、上記透孔７の互いに対向する縁部７ａ、７ａにそれぞれ係合自在である。すなわち、上記第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０の互いに対向しない側面上半部には、図１乃至図４に示すように、傾斜突部１０ａ、１０ａを形成している。この傾斜突部１０ａ、１０ａの下面が上記縁部７ａ、７ａに係合する。又、この傾斜突部１０ａ、１０ａの傾斜面は、下方に向かうに従って厚肉となるように傾斜させている。これにより、この第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０の透孔７内への挿入及び透孔７からの離脱を容易にしている。又、上記傾斜突部１０ａ、１０ａの存在により、透孔７への挿入時に節度感（クリック感）を得られる。
【００１８】
上記一対の第二の弾性係止脚１１、１１は、上記基部８の一側面から延出させており、柱部１４と、この柱部１４の上半部に設けられ、上記透孔７の外方に向けて延びる略三角形状の係止片１５と、を有している。各第二の弾性係止脚１１、１１の係止片１５、１５同士は、図１、図２、図５（Ａ）（Ｂ）（Ｃ）、図６（Ａ）にそれぞれ示すように、互いにハ字状となるように形成している。そして、上記ルーフライニング６の他面側（図３、図４、図６（Ａ）（Ｂ）の上面側）で上記透孔７の互いに対向する縁部７ａ、７ａにそれぞれ係合自在である。このように、係止片１５はルーフライニング６と言った軟質材に固定されるものであるため、所謂ラップ量を多くしている。
【００１９】
尚、本形態例の場合、上記係止片１５、１５の下面は、先端に向かうに従って上方に向かう形状としている。これは、この係止片１５、１５の下面に当接する縁部７ａ、７ａの不可避的な製造誤差等に基づく凹凸を吸収するとともに、ホルダ３を上記ルーフライニング６から取り外す際に、この第二の弾性係止脚１１、１１が容易に透孔７から抜け出るようにするためである。又、本形態例においては、この係止片１５、１５の突出量Δ１を、上記第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０の傾斜突部１０ａ、１０ａの突出量Δ２よりも大きく（Δ１＞Δ２）している。更に、上記第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０の剛性が大きく、上記第二の弾性係止脚１１、１１の剛性が上記第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０よりも小さくなる（柔軟になる）ように構成している。このための手段としては、例えば、第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０の厚さ寸法を第二の弾性係止脚１１、１１に比較して大きくする等、従来から知られた手段を用いることができる。上述のように、上記第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０の剛性を上記第二の弾性係止脚１１、１１の剛性よりも大きくする（逆に言えば、上記第二の弾性係止脚１１、１１を上記第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０よりも柔軟に構成する）とともに、各突出量Δ１、Δ２をΔ１＞Δ２となるように構成するのは、以下の理由による。すなわち、ホルダ３を天井部２３に対して容易に取り付けできるとともに、取り付け後はこのホルダ３が上記天井部２３に強固に係合する一方で、ホルダ３を天井部２３から取り外したい場合には容易に取り外しを行なえるようにするためである。
【００２０】
上記挿入部材１２は、基部８の一端部（図１乃至図４のそれぞれ右端部、図５（Ａ）の右端部）に、この基部８の他側面（図１乃至図４のそれぞれ上面側、図５（Ａ）の表面側）に向かう回動自在に連結された回動板部１９の一側面（図２、図３の左側面）に立設されている。上記基部８の一端部と回動板部１９との連結部１９ａは、その肉厚を小さくすることにより、一種の連結部材として機能させ、この連結部１９ａを軸として上記挿入部材１２を回動自在としている。上記挿入部材１２を回動させることにより、上記通孔９内に該挿入部材１２が挿入し、上記一対の第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０の傾斜突部１０ａ、１０ａが、それぞれ対応する透孔７の縁部７ａ、７ａに強く係合する向き（傾斜突部１０ａ、１０ａ同士が互いに離隔する向き）に押圧する。この結果、第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０の傾斜突部１０ａ、１０ａは、上記縁部７ａ、７ａに強固に係合する。
【００２１】
尚、本形態例の場合、上記挿入部材１２の先端部に、この挿入部材１２を上記通孔９に挿入した際に、上記一対の第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０の先端部にそれぞれ係合する係合突起１６ａ、１６ｂを設けている。これら係合突起１６ａ、１６ｂは、図７に示すように、対応する第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０の上端部の互いに整合しない位置に係合するよう、形成位置をずらせて設けている。このため、一対の係合突起１６ａ、１６ｂが同時に第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０には係合せず、一方の係合突起１６ａが係合した後、他方の係合突起１６ｂが係合する。従って、この係合作業時（挿入部材１２の挿入作業時）に要する力が小さくて済み、作業性が向上する。
【００２２】
更に、本形態例の場合、上記透孔７の縁部のうち、上記一対の第二の弾性係止脚１１、１１の係止片１５、１５が係合する縁部７ａ、７ａと交叉する（縁部７ａ、７ａ同士を結んでできる仮想的な線分に対して略直角な）方向の縁部７ｂに当接するストッパ壁１７を、上記基部８の一側面に設けている。尚、図１乃至図４及び図５（Ａ）（Ｂ）（Ｃ）に示すように、このストッパ壁１７の中央部には、リブ１７aを設け、このストッパ壁１７の剛性を向上させている。このリブ１７ａを形成する位置は、上記第二の弾性係止脚１１、１１を構成する係止片１５、１５と干渉しない位置であることは言うまでもない。上記ストッパ壁１７は、サンバイザ１を使用状態としたり格納状態とする際に発生する荷重を受け、ホルダ３が上記縁部７ｂに向けてずれ動くことを防止する。
【００２３】
上述のように構成される本形態例に係るホルダ３を、上記透孔７を介してこのルーフライニング６に取り付ける際の作用は、次のとおりである。すなわち、上記各一対ずつ設けた第一、第二の各弾性係止脚１０、１１を弾性変形させつつ上記透孔７内に挿入する（図４に示す状態）。この状態においては、上記第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０を構成する傾斜突部１０ａ、１０ｂが透孔７の縁部７ａ、７ａに軽く係合するとともに、上記第二の弾性係止脚１１、１１を構成する係止片１５、１５がやはり上記縁部７ａ、７ａに係合する。又、上記ストッパ壁１７が縁部７ｂに当接する。この状態が、ルーフライニング６にホルダ３を仮固定した状態である。ホルダ３は、それぞれ一対ずつの第一、第二の各弾性係止脚１０、１１によって合計４箇所位置で係合する。又、互いに当接するストッパ壁１７と縁部７ｂとも、当該当接部分に作用する摩擦力により、このホルダ３のルーフライニング６への固定に寄与する。これらの結果、ホルダ３を仮固定した状態のルーフライニング６を仮に搬送等したとしても、ホルダ３は不用意に脱落することはない。近年、製造コスト削減等の観点から、所謂モジュール化が図られている。すなわち、上記天井部２３を構成するルーフライニングやトリム等の内装部材に上記ホルダを仮固定しておき、この内装部材とともに車体パネルに本固定することが求められている。本形態例に係るホルダ３においては、上述したように、ルーフライニング６へ仮固定した状態において、十分な強度でこのルーフライニング６に固定されるため、上記モジュール化を推進することが可能になる。
【００２４】
更に、上記ホルダ３をルーフライニング６に本固定する場合、第一、第二の各弾性係止脚１０、１１を透孔７内に完全に挿入した状態で、上記挿入部材１２を上記通孔９に向けて回動させ、この通孔９内に挿入する。これにより、上記一対の第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０は、傾斜突部１０ａ、１０ａが対応する縁部７ａ、７ａに強く係合する向き（第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０同士の間隔が増大する向き）に押圧される。この結果、上記傾斜突部１０ａ、１０ａが、それぞれ対応する縁部７ａ、７ａに強固に係合する。又、挿入部材１２の先端位置に設けた一対の係合突起１６、１６が上記第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０の先端部に係合する。これにより、挿入部材１２が不意に通孔９から抜け出ることが防止されるとともに、挿入部材１２の通孔９内への挿入完了時に、節度感（クリック感）を得られる。
【００２５】
上述したように、第一、第二の各弾性係止脚１０、１１は、上記透孔７の縁部７ａ、７ａの４箇所位置で係合する。特に、比較的剛性を大きくした第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０は、上記挿入部材１２の挿入に伴って強固に係合する。更に、上記挿入部材１２に設けた係合突起１６ａ、１６ｂが第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０の先端部に係合し、挿入部材１２の通孔９からの抜け出しを防止する。これらの各係合が相俟って、ルーフライニング６に取り付けたホルダ３が、このルーフライニング６から容易に脱落することがなくなる。しかも、上記挿入部材１２を設けたことに伴い、上記第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０の自由状態における形状を、縁部７ａ、７ａとの係合代を大きくすべく、それぞれ対応する縁部７ａ、７ａに向けて反った状態に形成する必要がなく、上記通孔９の縁部９ａ、９ａから真直ぐ立設させておくことができる。このため、ホルダ３をルーフライニング６に取り付ける際に、第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０を透孔７内に挿通する作業が容易となる。言い換えれば、上記ルーフライニング６に対し、ホルダ３を軽い力で容易に取付可能となる。
【００２６】
又、上記ルーフライニング６の交換等により、このホルダ３をルーフライニング６から取り外したい場合には、先ず、上記挿入部材１２を上記通孔９から抜き出す。これにより、上記第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０は自由状態に復帰し、上記透孔７の縁部７ａ、７ａに比較的軽く係合する状態となる。次いで、上記基部８の一側の第一、第二の弾性係止脚１０、１１の基端部を支点として、上記基部８の他側を上記一側に向けて回動させる。これにより、上記他側の第一、第二の各弾性係止脚１０、１１が弾性変形しつつ上記透孔７内から抜け出る。この際、大きな突出量（Δ１）を有する第二の弾性係止脚１１の係止片１５は、上述したように比較的柔軟に構成されているため、上記透孔７から比較的楽に（軽い力で）抜き出すことができる。他側の第一、第二の各弾性係止脚１０、１１が上記透孔７内から抜け出た後は、上記一側の第一、第二の各弾性係止脚１０、１１は、上記透孔７内から容易に抜け出る。従って、上記ホルダ３をルーフライニング６から取り外すことも容易に行なえる。
【００２７】
更に、本形態例の場合、上記挿入部材１２の先端部に設けた係合突起１６ａ、１６ｂの存在により、挿入部材１２が不意に通孔９から抜け出ることが有効に防止され、ホルダ３をルーフライニング６に取り付けた際の第一の弾性係止脚１０，１０の係合を、より一層強固のものとできる。又、上記ストッパ壁１７を設けたことにより、サンバイザ１を使用状態としたり格納状態とする際に発生する荷重を受けることが可能になり、上記ホルダ３が、縁部７ｂ方向にずれ動くことが防止され、確実の止着を保持できるようになる。
【００２８】
尚、本形態例においては、図１乃至図４に示すように、上記基部８の側面形状を、上記フック１３を設けた一端側に向かうに従って厚肉となる傾斜面とするとともに、この傾斜面に当接する挿入部材１２を設けた回動板部１９を平坦の薄板状としている。そして、上記挿入部材１２を通孔９内に挿入した状態（図１参照）において、上記回動部材１９と上記フック１３の内面とが滑らかに連続するように構成している。このため、サンバイザ１の軸部２６を上記フック１３に保持すべく、この軸部２６をフック１３に向けて移動させた場合、軸部２６は円滑にフック１３内に入り込む。更に、本形態例においては、軸部２６がフック１３内に、より円滑に入り込ませるべく、フック１３の内面部の幅方向中間部分に、図１、図２に示すように、一対のスリット１８、１８を設け、この一対のスリット１８、１８に挟まれた部分から成る舌片２０を若干の上下動自在としている。これにより、軸部２６がフック１３内に入り込む場合、上記舌片２０が弾性変形して軸部２６の通過を円滑に行わせる。
【００２９】
又、上記基部８の傾斜面の両側面中間部には、一般に用いられているマイナスのドライバ（図示せず）の先端部を差込める程度の大きさ及び形状を有する凹部２１を形成している。これにより、ホルダ３をルーフライニング６から取り外す場合は、上記凹部２１にマイナスドライバの先端部を差込み、このドライバを若干回動させることにより、係合突起１６、１６を第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０から外し、上記回動板部１９を基部８から若干離隔させることができる。上記回動板部１９を基部８から若干離隔させたならば、手指で上記回動板部１９を摘み、挿入部材１２を抜き出す方向に回動させる。上記凹部２１を設けることにより、挿入部材１２の抜き出し作業を容易に行うことが可能となる。
【００３０】
尚、図示の例の場合、挿入部材１２は、第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０を外方（対応する縁部７a に強く係合する向き）に押圧させるように構成しているが、挿入部材１２の幅寸法を大きくする等により、図９に示すように、挿入部材１２の挿入時には上記第一の弾性係止脚１０、１０とともに上記第二の弾性係止脚１１、１１をも押圧するように構成することもできる。この場合、上記第一、第二の両弾性係止脚１０、１１を透孔７の縁部７a、７aに強固に係合させることができるため、ホルダ３の本固定状態が、より強固なものとなる。
【００３１】
又、上述の例においては、第二の弾性係止脚１１、１１に、それぞれが外方に向く係止片１５、１５を形成しているが、このような係止片１５、１５を、複数対設けることも可能である。上記係止片１５、１５を複数対設けた場合、ホルダを取り付ける場合に有利である。或いは、図１０（Ｂ）に示すように、係止片１５、１５の形成方向を、図１０（Ａ）に示す第１形態例とは逆に設けることもできる。但し、上記係止片１５、１５は、透孔の７の隅部近傍に、夫々が外方に向かう状態（図９（Ａ）の状態）で係合するのが強度の点から好ましい。これは、上記透孔７の中央部に近付くほど強度が小さくなり、上記隅部に近付くほど強度が大きくなるためである。従って、上記係止片１５、１５の形状及び形成位置は、上述した第１形態例がもっとも好ましい。更に、上記透孔７は、必ずしも長短形である必要はなく、例えば、長円形等でも対応できる。この場合、ホルダ３を構成する構成各部材１０、１１、１７の表面形状を透孔７の形状に合わせる。
【００３２】
図１１乃至図１６は、この発明の実施の第２形態例に係る止着具であるホルダ３０を示しており、この形態例に係るホルダ３０において、前記第１形態例のホルダ３と同様の構成部分については、図面には第１形態例で用いた符号と同一の符号を付して、その詳細な説明をここでは省略する。
【００３３】
即ち、この形態例に係るホルダ３０は、第１形態例とは異なり、フック１３を車室内側に配置し、回動板部１９をフック１３の後側、即ち、フロントウインドウ側に配置することで、ホルダ３０を取り付けた後に、車室内側から当該回動板部１９が見えないように構成し、外観品質を向上させるように構成したことを特徴とする。
【００３４】
また、この形態例に係るホルダ３０は、第一の弾性係止脚１０，１０間の略中央部に仮止め片部３２を突設し、さらには、フック１３の内周面に打音吸収用の突起３６を突設したことを特徴とする。
【００３５】
この仮止め片部３２は、基部８のフロントウインドウ側上面から延出形成した柱部３３と、この柱部３３から斜め下方に延設した傾斜片部３４と、この傾斜片部３４から水平幅方向に延設した係止片部３５と、から構成し、この係止片部３５を軟質材であるルーフランニング６の取付孔に装着したときに、該ルーフランニングに弾接係止させることで、仮止めのときの係合力を向上させることができ、モジュール化におけるホルダ３０の脱落をより確実に防止することができる。また、上記傾斜片部３５は、天井パネルの取付孔を通過するときには、上記柱部３３方向へと容易に弾性変形するので、ホルダ３０の天井パネルへの装着が硬くなる心配がなく、軽い装着力で取り付けることができる。
【００３６】
図１８は、この発明の実施の第３形態例に係るホルダ４０を示しており、この形態例に係るホルダ４０において、前記第１形態例のホルダ３及び第２形態例に係るホルダ３０と同様の構成部分については、図面には第１及び第２形態例で用いた符号と同一の符号を付して、その詳細な説明をここでは省略する。
【００３７】
即ち、この形態例に係るホルダ４０では、上記第１形態例に係る一対の第二の弾性係止脚１１、１１の柱部１４，１４を平板係止脚１１Ａで連結して一体形成すると共に、該平板係止脚１１Ａの上部を円弧状に形成し、さらに、上記平板係止脚１１Ａの上半部両側に上記透孔７の外方に向けて延びる略三角形状の係止片１５，１５を突出させて形成した他は、他の構成・作用は第１形態例及び第２形態例と同様である。
【００３８】
それ故、この形態例に係るホルダ４０にあっては、第二の弾性係止脚を構成する上記平板係止脚１１Ａが、天井パネルの透孔７の幅寸法と略同寸法に構成されるので、該ホルダ４０を透孔７に挿入するときのガイドとして作用するので、ホルダ４０の装着作業を簡単に行うことができる。
【００３９】
尚、上述の各形態例においては、この発明に係る止着具を、車両用サンバイザ１の軸部２６を保持するためのホルダ３に適用した例について説明したが、他の部品を他の壁面に止着する場合にも、この発明に係る止着具を他の物品に一体に設けることにより、この他の物品に適用できることは言うまでもない。
【００４０】
【発明の効果】
この発明に係る止着具は、上述のように構成され作用するため、請求項１に記載した止着具にあっては、取り付けるべき車両用ルーフライニングに対し、軽い力で容易且つ確実に取付できる。すなわち、車両用ルーフライニングに対して仮固定する場合、車両用ルーフライニングに形成した透孔に向けて押圧するのみで良い。本固定する場合も、挿入部材を基部に形成した通孔に向け回動させつつ押圧するのみで良いため、取り付け作業はきわめて容易である。しかも、少なくとも４箇所位置で係合するため、上記止着具の車両用ルーフライニングに対する係合は強く、止着具の確実の固定を図れる。又、挿入部材を通孔から抜き出すことにより、容易に取り外し可能である。この結果、所謂モジュール化を推移できる等、実用上大きな効果を得られる。特に、車両用ルーフライニングが、車両用ルーフライニングと言った軟質材の場合、該車両用ルーフライニングの透孔の中心部付近程強度が小さく、透孔の隅部程強度が大きくなる。よって、各係止片が透孔の隅部に向かっていることにより、剛性の高い部位で係合させることができ、本固定状態をより強固にできる。
【００４１】
また、請求孔２に記載した止着具においては、ラップ量が大きく、剛性が高い部位に係合できる第二の弾性係止脚の剛性を小さくすることにより、天井部に容易に取り付けられ、且つ取付後は強固に係合でき、取り外しも容易にできる。
【００４２】
さらに、請求項３に記載した止着具においては、一方の係合突起が係合した後、他方の係合突起を係合させることができるので、係合作業時に要する力が小さくて済み、作業性が向上する。
【００４３】
またさらに、請求項４に記載した止着具においては、挿入部材の挿入時に、上記第一の弾性係止脚とともに上記第二の弾性係止脚をも押圧することができ、上記第一、第二の両弾性係止脚を透孔の縁部に強固に係合させることができ、止着の本固定状態を、より強固なものとすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の実施の第１形態例に係るホルダの斜視図である。
【図２】同ホルダを取り付け前の状態を示す斜視図である。
【図３】同ホルダの取り付ける直前の状態を示す側面図である。
【図４】同ホルダの取り付け後の状態を示す側面図である。
【図５】同ホルダの構成を示しており、（Ａ）は平面図、（Ｂ）は正面図、（Ｃ）は背面図である。
【図６】同ホルダの仮固定（Ａ）及び本固定（Ｂ）の各状態を、それぞれ一部を省略して示す略背面図である。
【図７】同ホルダの挿入部材先端部に形成する係合突部の構成を示しており、（Ａ）は正面図、（Ｂ）は右側両面図、（Ｃ）は左側面図である。
【図８】同ホルダの第一、第二の各弾性係止脚の透孔周縁部との係合状態を説明するための、要部略斜視図である。
【図９】同ホルダの変形例を示す、要部側面図である。
【図１０】（Ａ）は第１形態例に係るホルダ構造を示す要部平面図、（Ｂ）は他の変形例に係わるホルダ構造を示す要部平面図である。
【図１１】この発明の実施の第２形態例に係るホルダの斜視図である。
【図１２】同ホルダの正面図である。
【図１３】同ホルダの背面図である。
【図１４】同ホルダの平面図である。
【図１５】同ホルダの底面図である。
【図１６】同ホルダの左側面図である。
【図１７】同ホルダと透孔との係合状態を示しており、（Ａ）は係合前の状態を、（Ｂ）は仮固定の状態を、（Ｃ）は本固定の状態を夫々示す要部拡大断面図である。
【図１８】この発明の実施の第３形態例に係るホルダを示す斜視図である。
【図１９】車両用サンバイザを説明するための要部斜視図である。
【図２０】図１９のＢ部拡大図である。
【符号の説明】
１サンバイザ
３，３０，４０ホルダ
６ルーフライニング
７透孔
７a ，７b 縁部
８基部
９通孔
９a 縁部
１０第一の弾性係止脚
１０a 傾斜突部
１１第二の弾性係止脚
１１Ａ平板係止脚
１２挿入部材
１３フック
１４柱部
１５係止片
１６a ，１６b
１７ストッパ壁
１９回動板部
２３天井部
２４枢軸
２５軸部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The fastening device according to the present invention is provided, for example, at a base portion of a holder that holds a shaft portion attached to a vehicle sun visor. It is related with the fastening tool which can be fastened to the through-hole formed in the.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a sun visor has been installed in the vicinity of the front upper part of a driver's seat or the like in an automobile interior in order to protect passengers' eyes from light such as sunlight and ensure safe driving. That is, the sun visor is provided in order to block light coming from the windshield in front of the vehicle. 19 and 20, such a sun visor is rotatably provided by a pivot 24 on a ceiling portion 23 at the front upper portion of the driver's seat 22 and the like of the vehicle C. The pivot 24 is fixed to the ceiling 23 by a pair of support members 25. In order to block the light, the sun visor 1 is rotated to the illustrated state. When the sun visor 1 is not used due to cloudy weather or the like, the sun visor 1 is rotated toward the ceiling portion 23 to be in the retracted state. The sun visor 1 is provided with a short shaft portion 26. When the sun visor 1 is not used (in the retracted state), the shaft portion 26 is held by a separately provided holder 27 so that the sun visor 1 is careless. It does not rotate.
[0003]
By the way, when the holder 27 is fixed to the ceiling portion 23, conventionally, the holder 27 is screwed with screws. However, such fixing by screwing does not look good after mounting, and there is also a risk that the ceiling portion 23 may be rubbed with screws. Therefore, instead of the screwing, a structure in which a locking claw is provided on the holder 27 and the locking claw is locked to a through hole formed in the ceiling portion 23 is considered. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-110224 describes an invention in which a positioning insertion member and a pair of locking claws are provided on a base portion constituting the holder 27. According to the technique described in the above publication, the holder 27 can be securely attached to the ceiling portion 23 by inserting the positioning insertion member and the locking claw into the through hole formed in the ceiling portion 23 of the vehicle C. it can. At the same time, the appearance after attachment is prevented from being deteriorated, and there is no possibility of wrinkling the ceiling portion 23.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the invention described in the above publication has the following disadvantages. That is, when the holder 27 is attached to the ceiling portion 23, the locking claw is elastically deformed and inserted into the through hole (inside the ceiling portion 23). After the insertion, the locking claw returns to lock the inside of the ceiling portion 23 to hold the holder 27. For this reason, at the time of attachment, while a certain amount of force is required to elastically deform the locking claw, there remains anxiety about the holding force after attachment. That is, the holder 27 is supported by the pair of locking claws in the free state being engaged with the peripheral edge portion of the through hole provided in the ceiling portion 23, so that the shaft portion 26 of the sun visor 1 is held. There is a possibility that the accompanying load cannot be sustained over a long period of time. On the other hand, it is not easy to remove the holder 27 from the ceiling 23 in the case of repair or the like. This is because it is extremely difficult to elastically deform the locking claw located inside the ceiling part 23 (outside the vehicle compartment) from the outside (vehicle compartment side) of the ceiling part 23. For this reason, it is not easy to pull out the pair of locking claws from the through hole, and as a result, it is not easy to remove the holder 27 after attachment.
[0005]
The fastening device according to the present invention was created in view of the above-described circumstances, and can be easily and reliably attached to a wall surface to be attached with a light force, and can be easily detached as necessary. The purpose is to provide a fastening device.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The fastening device according to the present invention is a fastening device that can be fastened from one side of the vehicle roof lining to a through hole formed in the vehicle roof lining, as described in claim 1, A base, one end on one side of the base, the other end on the other side of the base, and a through hole that opens to the other side of the base, and one edge of the base extending from opposite edges of the through hole A pair of first elastic locking legs parallel to each other, which are respectively engaged with mutually opposing edges of the through hole, and extending from one side surface of the base side by side with the first elastic locking legs, The other side of the vehicle roof lining is formed so as to protrude larger outward than the first through hole than the first elastic locking leg, and engages with each of the edges. A pair of second elastic locking legs, A stopper wall that is formed on one side surface of the base portion and abuts with an edge portion in a direction intersecting with an edge portion with which the pair of second elastic locking legs are engaged, and one end portion of the base portion. And can be inserted into the through-hole by rotation, and at least the first elastic locking leg among the first and second elastic locking legs along with the insertion. And an insertion member that presses in a direction to engage with the peripheral edge of the through hole, and the locking pieces of the pair of second elastic locking legs are in the vicinity of the corners of the through hole, each outward. It engages in the state which goes to, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
[0007]
The operation when the fastening device according to claim 1 configured as described above is attached to the vehicle roof lining through the through hole provided in the vehicle roof lining is as follows. That is, the first and second elastic locking legs provided in pairs are inserted into the through holes while being elastically deformed. In this state, the first elastic locking leg is lightly engaged with the edge of the through hole, and the second elastic locking leg is engaged with the edge of the through hole (temporarily fixed state). In this temporarily fixed state, the fasteners are engaged at four positions, so the fasteners are not prepared even if the vehicle roofing with the fasteners temporarily fixed is conveyed as an example. Never leave. As a result, so-called modularization promoted from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost reduction or the like can be achieved. That is, in a state where the fastening device is temporarily fixed to the vehicle roof lining, the vehicle roof lining is transported to another location, and the vehicle roof lining is assembled to another member or the like at the other location. Further, the fastening device can be permanently fixed as described below. In the present invention, since the stopper wall is provided at the base portion, the second elastic locking leg must be provided at a certain distance from the stopper wall due to manufacturing requirements such as a mold structure. In the present invention, the second elastic locking leg is located near the corner where the strength of the through-hole is large, and each of them is directed outward. Since it is formed in a C shape so as to be engaged in a state, the engaging force of the second elastic locking leg can be maintained.
[0008]
Further, in order to change from the temporarily fixed state to the fully fixed state, the insertion member is rotated toward the through hole and inserted into the through hole. As a result, the pair of first elastic locking legs extending from the opposite edge portions of the through hole on one side surface of the base portion are pressed in a direction to be more strongly engaged by the opposite edge portions of the through holes. Therefore, the first elastic locking leg is firmly engaged with each edge portion. As a result, the first and second elastic locking legs are engaged at the four positions on the peripheral edge of the through hole. In particular, since the first elastic locking leg is firmly engaged with the insertion of the insertion member, the first elastic locking leg does not easily fall off after being attached (mainly fixed state).
[0009]
In addition, since the insertion member is provided, it is not necessary to keep the shape of the first elastic locking leg in a free state to be warped so as to increase the engagement allowance. Since it can stand upright, it can be easily attached to the wall surface with a light force. When it is desired to remove the fastening device from the fixed state, the insertion member is first extracted from the through hole. As a result, the first elastic locking leg returns to the free state and is lightly engaged with the edge of the through hole. Next, the other end of the base is rotated toward the one side with the base ends of the first and second elastic locking legs on one side of the base as a fulcrum. As a result, the first and second elastic locking legs on the other side come out of the through hole while being elastically deformed. After the first and second elastic locking legs on the other side come out of the through hole, the first and second elastic locking legs on the one side easily come out of the through hole. . Therefore, it can be easily removed from the fixed state.
[0010]
In addition to the above-described configuration, a stopper wall that abuts the edge in the direction intersecting with the edge engaged with the pair of second elastic locking legs among the edges of the through hole is formed on the base. Since the structure provided on one side surface is adopted, it is possible to prevent the fastening device after the attachment from moving in a direction crossing the edge portion with which the pair of second elastic locking legs are engaged. Can be securely fixed.
[0011]
In the invention according to claim 2, since the pair of second elastic locking legs is formed smaller than the rigidity of the pair of first elastic locking legs, the wrap amount is large, Since the rigidity of the second elastic locking leg that can be engaged with a portion having high rigidity can be reduced, it can be easily attached to the vehicle roof lining, and can be firmly engaged after installation, Removal is also easy. Furthermore, in the invention according to claim 3, the engagement protrusions respectively engaged with the distal ends of the pair of first elastic locking legs are provided at the distal ends of the insertion members. Since the formation position is shifted so that the upper end portions of the locking legs engage with each other at positions that do not match each other, after one engagement protrusion is engaged, the other engagement protrusion can be engaged. Thus, it is possible to obtain an effect that the force required for the engaging work is small and workability is improved.
[0012]
Furthermore, in the present invention, as described in claim 4, a fastener that can be secured from one side of the vehicle roof lining to the through hole formed in the vehicle roof lining, A base, one end on one side of the base, the other end on the other side of the base, and a through hole that opens to the other side of the base, and one edge of the base extending from opposite edges of the through hole A pair of first elastic locking legs parallel to each other, which are respectively engaged with mutually opposing edges of the through hole, and extending from one side surface of the base side by side with the first elastic locking legs, The other side of the vehicle roof lining is formed so as to protrude larger outward than the first through hole than the first elastic locking leg, and engages with each of the edges. A pair of second elastic locking legs provided in a shape; The base is provided at one end of the base so as to be freely rotatable, and can be inserted into the through-hole by turning, and the first and second elastic locking legs are attached to the periphery of the through-hole with the insertion. An insertion member that presses in the direction in which the pair of second elastic locking legs is engaged, and the locking pieces of the pair of second elastic locking legs are engaged in the vicinity of the corners of the through holes in a state where each is directed outward. Therefore, when the insertion member is inserted, the second elastic locking leg can be pressed together with the first elastic locking leg, and both the first and second elastic locking legs can be pressed. It can be firmly engaged with the edge of the through-hole, and the final fixed state of the fastening can be made stronger, and at that time, the insertion member can be securely attached to the second elastic locking leg. When the second elastic locking leg is placed closer to the insertion member so as to be pressed against the center of the hole, and as a result, it engages closer to the center of the through hole having a lower strength Even so, the second elastic engagement legs are formed in a C shape in the vicinity of the corner where the strength of the through-hole is large so that each of the second elastic engagement legs faces outward. The engaging force of the stop leg can be maintained.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings.
[0014]
1 to 10 show a fastening device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and the fastening device according to this embodiment includes the shaft portion 26 (see FIG. 20) of the sun visor 1 described above. This is applied to the holder 3 for holding, and is used to attach the holder 3 to the long rectangular through hole 7 formed in the roof lining 6 constituting the ceiling portion 23 (see FIG. 20) of the vehicle C. The roof lining 6 corresponds to the wall surface described in the claims. The holder 3 is made of a synthetic resin member, and includes a base 8, a through-hole 9, first and second elastic locking legs 10 and 11 provided in pairs, and an insertion member 12. I have.
[0015]
On one surface side of the base 8 (the lower surface side in FIGS. 1 to 4, the back surface side in FIG. 5A, the lower surface side in FIGS. 5C, D, and 6A), the sun visor is provided. A hook 13 for holding one shaft portion 26 is formed.
[0016]
The through hole 9 has a long rectangular shape, and is formed in the central portion of the base portion 8 with one end opened on one side surface of the base portion 8 and the other end opened on the other side surface of the base portion 8.
[0017]
The pair of first elastic locking legs 10, 10 are extended from the side portions 9 a, 9 a of the through hole 9 facing each other on one side surface of the base portion 8, respectively. As shown in FIG. 8, the pair of elastic locking legs 10 and 10 can be engaged with edge portions 7 a and 7 a of the through hole 7 facing each other. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, inclined protrusions 10a and 10a are formed on upper half portions of the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 that are not opposed to each other. The lower surfaces of the inclined protrusions 10a and 10a engage with the edge portions 7a and 7a. Further, the inclined surfaces of the inclined protrusions 10a and 10a are inclined so as to become thicker toward the lower side. Thereby, the insertion of the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 into the through hole 7 and the removal from the through hole 7 are facilitated. Further, due to the presence of the inclined protrusions 10a and 10a, a moderation feeling (click feeling) can be obtained when inserted into the through hole 7.
[0018]
The pair of second elastic locking legs 11, 11 are extended from one side surface of the base 8, provided on the column 14 and the upper half of the column 14, And a substantially triangular locking piece 15 extending outward. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 5 (A), (B), (C), and FIG. 6 (A), the locking pieces 15, 15 of the second elastic locking legs 11, 11, respectively, It forms so that it may become mutually cross-shaped. And it can engage with the edge parts 7a and 7a which the said through-hole 7 mutually opposes on the other surface side (FIG. 3, FIG.4, FIG.6 (A) (B) upper surface side) of the said roof lining 6 respectively. . Thus, since the locking piece 15 is fixed to the soft material called the roof lining 6, the so-called wrap amount is increased.
[0019]
In the case of the present embodiment, the lower surfaces of the locking pieces 15 and 15 are shaped upward toward the tip. This absorbs irregularities due to unavoidable manufacturing errors of the edge portions 7a, 7a that contact the lower surfaces of the locking pieces 15, 15, and the second when the holder 3 is removed from the roof lining 6. This is so that the elastic locking legs 11, 11 can easily come out of the through hole 7. In the present embodiment, the protrusion amount Δ1 of the locking pieces 15, 15 is larger than the protrusion amount Δ2 of the inclined protrusions 10a, 10a of the first elastic locking legs 10, 10, (Δ1> Δ2). )is doing. Further, the rigidity of the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 is large, and the rigidity of the second elastic locking legs 11 and 11 is smaller than that of the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 (flexibly). It is configured as follows. As a means for this purpose, for example, a conventionally known means such as increasing the thickness dimension of the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 as compared with the second elastic locking legs 11 and 11 is used. be able to. As described above, the rigidity of the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 is larger than the rigidity of the second elastic locking legs 11 and 11 (in other words, the second elastic locking legs 11 and 11 are configured more flexibly than the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10), and the protrusion amounts Δ1 and Δ2 are configured to satisfy Δ1> Δ2 for the following reason. That is, the holder 3 can be easily attached to the ceiling portion 23, and after the attachment, the holder 3 is firmly engaged with the ceiling portion 23, while the holder 3 is easily removed from the ceiling portion 23. This is so that it can be removed.
[0020]
The insertion member 12 is connected to one end of the base 8 (the right end of FIGS. 1 to 4 and the right end of FIG. 5A) on the other side of the base 8 (the upper surface side of FIGS. 1 to 4, respectively). It is erected on one side surface (the left side surface in FIGS. 2 and 3) of the rotation plate portion 19 that is rotatably connected to the surface side in FIG. 5 (A). The connecting portion 19a between the one end portion of the base portion 8 and the rotating plate portion 19 is made to function as a kind of connecting member by reducing the thickness thereof, and the inserting member 12 is rotated around the connecting portion 19a. It is free. By rotating the insertion member 12, the insertion member 12 is inserted into the through hole 9, and the inclined protrusions 10a, 10a of the pair of first elastic locking legs 10, 10 respectively correspond. It presses in the direction that strongly engages the edges 7a, 7a of the through hole 7 (the direction in which the inclined protrusions 10a, 10a are separated from each other). As a result, the inclined protrusions 10a and 10a of the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 are firmly engaged with the edge portions 7a and 7a.
[0021]
In the case of this embodiment, when the insertion member 12 is inserted into the through hole 9 at the distal end portion of the insertion member 12, the distal end portions of the pair of first elastic locking legs 10, 10 are respectively provided. Engaging protrusions 16a and 16b are provided. As shown in FIG. 7, the engaging protrusions 16 a and 16 b are provided with their formation positions shifted so as to engage with the positions of the upper ends of the corresponding first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 that are not aligned with each other. . Therefore, the pair of engaging protrusions 16a and 16b are not simultaneously engaged with the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10, and after one engaging protrusion 16a is engaged, the other engaging protrusion 16b is engaged. To do. Accordingly, a small force is required for this engagement operation (when the insertion member 12 is inserted), and workability is improved.
[0022]
Further, in the case of the present embodiment, among the edge portions of the through-hole 7, it intersects with the edge portions 7 a and 7 a with which the locking pieces 15 and 15 of the pair of second elastic locking legs 11 and 11 are engaged. A stopper wall 17 is provided on one side surface of the base portion 8 so as to abut on the edge portion 7b in a direction (substantially perpendicular to a virtual line segment formed by connecting the edge portions 7a and 7a). As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C, a rib 17a is provided at the center of the stopper wall 17 to improve the rigidity of the stopper wall 17. . Needless to say, the position where the rib 17a is formed is a position where the ribs 17a do not interfere with the locking pieces 15, 15 constituting the second elastic locking legs 11, 11. The stopper wall 17 receives a load generated when the sun visor 1 is put into use or stored, and prevents the holder 3 from moving toward the edge 7b.
[0023]
The operation of attaching the holder 3 according to this embodiment configured as described above to the roof lining 6 through the through hole 7 is as follows. That is, the first and second elastic locking legs 10 and 11 provided for each pair are inserted into the through hole 7 while being elastically deformed (state shown in FIG. 4). In this state, the inclined protrusions 10a and 10b constituting the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 are lightly engaged with the edges 7a and 7a of the through-hole 7, and the second elastic locking legs. 11 and 11 are also engaged with the edge portions 7a and 7a. The stopper wall 17 contacts the edge 7b. This state is a state in which the holder 3 is temporarily fixed to the roof lining 6. The holder 3 is engaged at a total of four positions by a pair of first and second elastic locking legs 10 and 11 respectively. Further, the stopper wall 17 and the edge portion 7b that are in contact with each other contribute to fixing the holder 3 to the roof lining 6 by the frictional force acting on the contact portion. As a result, even if the roof lining 6 in a state where the holder 3 is temporarily fixed is temporarily transported, the holder 3 does not fall off carelessly. In recent years, so-called modularization has been attempted from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost reduction and the like. That is, it is required that the holder is temporarily fixed to an interior member such as roof lining or trim that constitutes the ceiling portion 23 and is permanently fixed to the vehicle body panel together with the interior member. In the holder 3 according to the present embodiment, as described above, in the state temporarily fixed to the roof lining 6, the holder 3 is fixed to the roof lining 6 with sufficient strength. Therefore, the modularization can be promoted. .
[0024]
Further, when the holder 3 is permanently fixed to the roof lining 6, the insertion member 12 is inserted into the through hole in a state where the first and second elastic locking legs 10 and 11 are completely inserted into the through hole 7. Rotate toward 9 and insert into this through-hole 9. As a result, the pair of first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 are in directions in which the inclined protrusions 10a and 10a are strongly engaged with the corresponding edges 7a and 7a (the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 In the direction in which the distance between the two increases. As a result, the inclined protrusions 10a and 10a are firmly engaged with the corresponding edges 7a and 7a, respectively. Further, a pair of engaging protrusions 16 and 16 provided at the distal end position of the insertion member 12 engage with the distal end portions of the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10. Thereby, the insertion member 12 is prevented from unexpectedly coming out of the through hole 9, and a moderation feeling (click feeling) can be obtained when the insertion of the insertion member 12 into the through hole 9 is completed.
[0025]
As described above, the first and second elastic locking legs 10 and 11 are engaged at the four positions of the edge portions 7 a and 7 a of the through hole 7. In particular, the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 having relatively high rigidity are firmly engaged as the insertion member 12 is inserted. Further, the engaging protrusions 16 a and 16 b provided on the insertion member 12 engage with the distal ends of the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10, thereby preventing the insertion member 12 from coming out of the through hole 9. Together, these engagements prevent the holder 3 attached to the roof lining 6 from easily falling off the roof lining 6. In addition, as the insertion member 12 is provided, the shape of the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 in the free state is changed to a corresponding edge in order to increase the engagement margin with the edge portions 7a and 7a. It is not necessary to form it in a state of warping toward the portions 7a, 7a, and it can be erected straight from the edge portions 9a, 9a of the through hole 9. For this reason, when attaching the holder 3 to the roof lining 6, the operation | work which penetrates the 1st elastic locking legs 10 and 10 in the through-hole 7 becomes easy. In other words, the holder 3 can be easily attached to the roof lining 6 with a light force.
[0026]
When the holder 3 is to be removed from the roof lining 6 by replacing the roof lining 6 or the like, the insertion member 12 is first extracted from the through hole 9. As a result, the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 are returned to a free state, and are relatively lightly engaged with the edges 7a and 7a of the through hole 7. Next, the other end of the base 8 is rotated toward the one side with the base ends of the first and second elastic locking legs 10 and 11 on one side of the base 8 as fulcrums. As a result, the first and second elastic locking legs 10 and 11 on the other side come out of the through hole 7 while being elastically deformed. At this time, since the locking piece 15 of the second elastic locking leg 11 having a large protrusion amount (Δ1) is configured to be relatively flexible as described above, it is relatively easy (light) from the through hole 7. Can be pulled out by force). After the first and second elastic locking legs 10 and 11 on the other side come out of the through hole 7, the first and second elastic locking legs 10 and 11 on the one side are It easily escapes from the inside of the through hole 7. Therefore, the holder 3 can be easily detached from the roof lining 6.
[0027]
Furthermore, in the case of this embodiment, the presence of the engagement protrusions 16a and 16b provided at the distal end portion of the insertion member 12 effectively prevents the insertion member 12 from unexpectedly coming out of the through hole 9, and the holder 3 is attached to the roof. The engagement of the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 when attached to the lining 6 can be made even stronger. Further, the provision of the stopper wall 17 makes it possible to receive a load generated when the sun visor 1 is put into use or stored, and the holder 3 can move in the direction of the edge 7b. It is prevented, and it becomes possible to hold a reliable fastening.
[0028]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the side surface of the base portion 8 is an inclined surface that becomes thicker toward the one end side where the hook 13 is provided. The rotating plate portion 19 provided with the insertion member 12 in contact with is made into a flat thin plate shape. And in the state which inserted the said insertion member 12 in the through-hole 9 (refer FIG. 1), it is comprised so that the said rotation member 19 and the inner surface of the said hook 13 may continue smoothly. Therefore, when the shaft portion 26 is moved toward the hook 13 in order to hold the shaft portion 26 of the sun visor 1 on the hook 13, the shaft portion 26 smoothly enters the hook 13. Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a pair of slits 18 is formed in the intermediate portion in the width direction of the inner surface of the hook 13 so that the shaft portion 26 can enter the hook 13 more smoothly. , 18 are provided, and the tongue piece 20 composed of a portion sandwiched between the pair of slits 18, 18 is slightly movable up and down. As a result, when the shaft portion 26 enters the hook 13, the tongue piece 20 is elastically deformed to smoothly pass the shaft portion 26.
[0029]
Further, a concave portion 21 having a size and a shape enough to insert a tip of a generally used minus driver (not shown) is formed in the middle portion on both sides of the inclined surface of the base portion 8. . As a result, when the holder 3 is removed from the roof lining 6, the tip of the minus driver is inserted into the recess 21 and the driver is slightly rotated, whereby the engaging protrusions 16, 16 are moved to the first elastic locking legs. 10 and 10, the rotating plate part 19 can be slightly separated from the base part 8. When the rotating plate portion 19 is slightly separated from the base portion 8, the rotating plate portion 19 is picked with fingers and rotated in the direction of extracting the insertion member 12. By providing the concave portion 21, the insertion member 12 can be easily extracted.
[0030]
In the case of the illustrated example, the insertion member 12 is configured to press the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 outwardly (in a direction in which the first elastic locking legs 10 and 6 are strongly engaged with the corresponding edge portion 7a). When the insertion member 12 is inserted, the second elastic locking legs 11 and 11 together with the first elastic locking legs 10 and 10 are inserted as shown in FIG. It can also comprise so that it may press. In this case, since the first and second elastic locking legs 10 and 11 can be firmly engaged with the edge portions 7a and 7a of the through-hole 7, the fixed state of the holder 3 is more robust. It will be a thing.
[0031]
In the above-described example, the second elastic locking legs 11 and 11 are formed with locking pieces 15 and 15 that face outward, respectively. A plurality of pairs may be provided. When a plurality of pairs of the locking pieces 15, 15 are provided, it is advantageous when attaching the holder. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10 (B), the direction in which the locking pieces 15, 15 are formed can be provided opposite to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 10 (A). However, it is preferable from the viewpoint of strength that the locking pieces 15 and 15 are engaged with each other in the vicinity of the corners of the through holes 7 in a state of being directed outward (the state of FIG. 9A). This is because the strength decreases as it approaches the central portion of the through-hole 7, and the strength increases as it approaches the corner. Therefore, the shape and formation position of the locking pieces 15, 15 are most preferably the first embodiment described above. Furthermore, the through-hole 7 does not necessarily need to be long and short, and can correspond to, for example, oval. In this case, the surface shapes of the constituent members 10, 11, and 17 constituting the holder 3 are matched with the shape of the through-hole 7.
[0032]
11 to 16 show a holder 30 which is a fastening device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the holder 30 according to this embodiment, the same as the holder 3 of the first embodiment. Constituent parts are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used in the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted here.
[0033]
That is, the holder 30 according to this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the hook 13 is disposed on the vehicle interior side, and the rotating plate portion 19 is disposed on the rear side of the hook 13, that is, on the front window side. Thus, after the holder 30 is attached, the rotating plate portion 19 is configured not to be seen from the vehicle interior side, and the appearance quality is improved.
[0034]
In addition, the holder 30 according to this embodiment has a temporary fastening piece 32 projecting substantially at the center between the first elastic locking legs 10, 10, and furthermore, a sound absorbing sound is absorbed on the inner peripheral surface of the hook 13. This is characterized in that a projection 36 is provided.
[0035]
The temporary fastening piece 32 includes a pillar portion 33 extending from the front window side upper surface of the base portion 8, an inclined piece portion 34 extending obliquely downward from the pillar portion 33, and a horizontal width from the inclined piece portion 34. A locking piece portion 35 extending in the direction, and when the locking piece portion 35 is attached to a mounting hole of the roof running 6 which is a soft material, the roof running is elastically locked to the roof running. The engaging force at the time of temporary fixing can be improved, and the falling off of the holder 30 in modularization can be prevented more reliably. The inclined piece 35 is easily elastically deformed in the direction of the column 33 when passing through the mounting hole of the ceiling panel. Can be attached with force.
[0036]
FIG. 18 shows a holder 40 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the holder 40 according to this embodiment, the holder 3 according to the first embodiment and the holder 30 according to the second embodiment are the same. The same reference numerals as those used in the first and second embodiments are attached to the drawings, and the detailed description thereof is omitted here.
[0037]
In other words, in the holder 40 according to this embodiment, the column portions 14 and 14 of the pair of second elastic locking legs 11 and 11 according to the first embodiment are connected and integrally formed by the flat plate locking legs 11A. The upper portion of the flat plate locking leg 11A is formed in an arc shape, and further, a substantially triangular locking piece 15 extending toward the outside of the through hole 7 on both sides of the upper half of the flat plate locking leg 11A, Except for the projecting 15, the other configurations and functions are the same as those of the first and second embodiments.
[0038]
Therefore, in the holder 40 according to this embodiment, the flat plate locking leg 11A constituting the second elastic locking leg is configured to have substantially the same size as the width dimension of the through hole 7 of the ceiling panel. Therefore, since it acts as a guide when inserting the holder 40 into the through-hole 7, the mounting operation of the holder 40 can be easily performed.
[0039]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the example in which the fastening device according to the present invention is applied to the holder 3 for holding the shaft portion 26 of the vehicle sun visor 1 has been described. Needless to say, when the fastening device according to the present invention is provided integrally with another article, it can be applied to the other article.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
Since the fastening device according to the present invention is configured and operates as described above, the fastening device according to claim 1 can be easily and reliably attached to the vehicle roofing to be attached with a light force. it can. That is, when temporarily fixing to the vehicle roof lining, it is only necessary to press it toward the through hole formed in the vehicle roof lining. Even in the case of the main fixing, it is only necessary to press the insertion member while rotating the insertion member toward the through hole formed in the base portion. And since it engages at the position of at least four places, the engagement with the vehicle roof lining of the said fastening tool is strong, and can fix a fastening tool reliably. Moreover, it can remove easily by extracting an insertion member from a hole. As a result, so-called modularization can be changed, and a large practical effect can be obtained. In particular, when the vehicle roof lining is a soft material such as vehicle roof lining, the strength is lower near the center of the through hole of the vehicle roof lining, and the strength is increased at the corner of the through hole. Therefore, since each locking piece is directed to the corner of the through hole, it can be engaged at a portion having high rigidity, and the fixed state can be further strengthened.
[0041]
Further, in the fastening device described in claim 2, it is easily attached to the ceiling portion by reducing the rigidity of the second elastic locking leg that can be engaged with a portion having a large wrap amount and high rigidity, And after attachment, it can engage firmly and can also remove easily.
[0042]
Furthermore, in the fastening device according to claim 3, since one engagement protrusion can be engaged and the other engagement protrusion can be engaged, the force required for the engagement operation can be reduced. Workability is improved.
[0043]
Furthermore, in the fastening device according to claim 4, when the insertion member is inserted, the second elastic locking leg can be pressed together with the first elastic locking leg. The second elastic locking legs can be firmly engaged with the edge of the through hole, and the final fixed state of the fastening can be made stronger.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a holder according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state before the holder is attached.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state immediately before the holder is attached.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state after the holder is attached.
5A and 5B show a configuration of the holder, wherein FIG. 5A is a plan view, FIG. 5B is a front view, and FIG. 5C is a rear view.
FIG. 6 is a schematic rear view showing a state in which the holder is temporarily fixed (A) and fully fixed (B) with a part thereof omitted.
FIGS. 7A and 7B show a configuration of an engaging protrusion formed at the distal end portion of the insertion member of the holder, where FIG. 7A is a front view, FIG. 7B is a right side view, and FIG.
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a main part for explaining an engagement state of first and second elastic locking legs of the holder with a peripheral edge of a through hole.
FIG. 9 is a side view of an essential part showing a modification of the holder.
FIG. 10A is a plan view of relevant parts showing a holder structure according to a first embodiment, and FIG. 10B is a plan view of relevant parts showing a holder structure according to another modification.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a holder according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a front view of the holder.
FIG. 13 is a rear view of the holder.
FIG. 14 is a plan view of the holder.
FIG. 15 is a bottom view of the holder.
FIG. 16 is a left side view of the holder.
FIGS. 17A and 17B show an engaged state between the holder and the through-hole, where FIG. 17A shows a state before engagement, FIG. 17B shows a temporarily fixed state, and FIG. 17C shows a final fixed state; It is a principal part expanded sectional view shown.
FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing a holder according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a perspective view of relevant parts for explaining a vehicle sun visor.
20 is an enlarged view of part B in FIG. 19;
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Sun visor
3, 30, 40 holder
6 roofing
7 Through hole
7a, 7b edge
8 base
9 through holes
9a edge
10 First elastic locking leg
10a Inclined protrusion
11 Second elastic locking leg
11A Flat stop leg
12 Insertion member
13 hook
14 pillars
15 Locking piece
16a, 16b
17 Stopper wall
19 Rotating plate
23 Ceiling
24 Axis
25 Shaft

Claims

A fastening device that can be fastened from one side of the vehicle roof lining to a through-hole formed in the vehicle roof lining, with one end on one side of the base and the other side of the base. The other ends of the through holes are opened from the opposite side edges of the through hole on one side surface of the base, and the opposite ends of the through holes are engaged with each other. A pair of first elastic locking legs, and the first elastic locking legs extending from one side surface of the base side by side with the first elastic locking legs, and on the other surface side of the vehicle roof lining. A pair of second elastic locking legs provided in a C-shape, which are formed so as to protrude outwardly of the through-hole and larger than those of the through-holes and engage with the edges, respectively, and the base One of the edges of the through hole formed on one side surface. A stopper wall that is in contact with the edge in the direction intersecting with the edge engaged with the second elastic locking leg, and is continuously provided at one end of the base so as to be freely rotatable. An insertion member that can be inserted into the inner member and presses at least the first elastic locking leg of the first and second elastic locking legs in the direction of engagement with the peripheral edge of the through hole. And the engaging pieces of the pair of second elastic locking legs are engaged with each other in the vicinity of the corners of the through holes in a state where they are directed outward.

The fastening device according to claim 1, wherein the pair of second elastic locking legs is smaller in rigidity than the pair of first elastic locking legs.

Engaging protrusions respectively engaged with the distal ends of the pair of first elastic locking legs are engaged with the distal ends of the insertion members at positions where the upper ends of the corresponding first elastic locking legs are not aligned with each other. The fastening device according to claim 1, wherein the formation position is shifted so as to be formed.

A fastening device that can be fastened from one side of the vehicle roof lining to a through-hole formed in the vehicle roof lining, with one end on one side of the base and the other side of the base. The other ends of the through holes are opened from the opposite side edges of the through hole on one side surface of the base, and the opposite ends of the through holes are engaged with each other. A pair of first elastic locking legs, and the first elastic locking legs extending from one side surface of the base side by side with the first elastic locking legs, and on the other surface side of the vehicle roof lining. A pair of second elastic locking legs provided in a C shape, each of which is formed so as to project outward from the through-hole and larger than that of the through-hole, and which engages with each of the edges, and the base It is provided at one end of the machine so that it can rotate freely. An insertion member that can be inserted into the through-hole, and that presses the first and second elastic locking legs in a direction to engage with the peripheral edge of the through-hole along with the insertion. The fastening device according to claim 1, wherein the locking pieces of the pair of second elastic locking legs are engaged with each other in the vicinity of the corners of the through-holes in a state of being directed outward.