JP3767099B2 - Electronic stringed instruments - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to an electronic stringed instrument such as an electronic guitar.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a conventional live guitar (acoustic guitar), there is a special playing technique called an apoyand playing technique in addition to a normal playing technique called an Alaire playing technique. In the Alaire playing technique, the string is just “scratched”, but in the Apoyand playing technique, the finger that scratches the string is applied to the next string and stopped. In a structure with a soundboard like a live guitar, the vibration of a string is transmitted to this soundboard and is pronounced. In this case, the vertical vibration of the string is transmitted to the soundboard more strongly than the horizontal vibration. When a string is played with the Apoyand playing method, it is presumed that the string contains a lot of longitudinal vibration, so that the string vibration is larger than that of the Al Aire playing method, resulting in a powerful sound.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in recent electronic guitars, an actual string is not stretched on the fingerboard portion, and a plurality of strings are stretched only on the portion where the string operation is performed. A trigger string portion that is a sensor for detecting the presence or absence of a string is provided in the vicinity of the string. On the other hand, the fingerboard unit is provided with a pitch switch corresponding to each string and each fret position, and the pitch is determined by turning on the pitch switch by pressing the fret. In other words, the electronic guitar is not structured to transmit the vibration of the string to the soundboard because the vibration of the string does not determine the pitch. For this reason, there was a problem that a special performance such as an apoyande performance technique was not possible.
An object of the present invention is to make it possible to perform a special performance such as an apoyande performance even in an electronic stringed instrument that is not structured to transmit string vibration to a soundboard.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a plurality of strings provided in at least a string part of a main body having a string part and a finger plate part composed of a plurality of frets, a string vibration detecting means for detecting that each string vibrates, and a finger plate A pitch detecting means provided on each fret corresponding to a plurality of strings and turned on in response to a predetermined pressing displacement, and optional when any string vibrates beyond a predetermined threshold And a control means for performing performance processing of either the Alaire playing method or the Apoyand playing method according to the vibration state of the string adjacent to the string.
With such a configuration, a difference in string vibration due to different performance styles is detected, and sound generation processing corresponding to the performance style is performed.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the first to fourth embodiments of the electronic stringed instrument of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 20, taking an electronic guitar as an example.
As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic guitar in each embodiment has a fingerboard portion 2 attached to a main body 1, and a tail provided at an end portion 3 of the fingerboard portion 2 on the main body 1 side and a central portion of the main body 1. Six strings 5 are stretched between the pieces 4. A speaker 6 is attached inside the main body 1. Twelve frets 7 with fret numbers FRET (1) to FRET (12) are formed on the surface of the fingerboard portion 2. The finger plate portion 2 is formed of an elastic material with six linear members 8 that resemble actual strings, and has a structure that bends when pressed in the same way as actual strings. Further, a pitch switch 9 is provided for each fret 7 of each string 5 inside the finger plate portion 2 below the linear member 8.
[0006]
As shown in FIG. 2, a circuit block having a microcomputer unit 11 as a control unit as a core is provided inside the electronic guitar. That is, the input / output (I / O) port of the microcomputer section 11 has a fret section (pitch detection means) 12, the AD input has a trigger string section (string vibration detection means) 13, and the output section has a sound source section 14. Are connected to each other. An analog unit 15 is connected to the output unit of the sound source unit 14.
[0007]
As shown in FIG. 3, the fret unit 12 corresponds to the output line connected to the output port of the microcomputer unit 11 corresponding to the string numbers of 1st to 6th strings, and to the fret number of 1st to 12th frets. It comprises a switch 9 and a backflow prevention diode provided at the intersection with the input line connected to the input port of the microcomputer unit 11. When the output line corresponding to an arbitrary string number is set to the low level, only the input line corresponding to the fret number that is pressed and turned on becomes the low level, and the negative logic input data indicating the fret pressing position Is taken into the microcomputer unit 11.
[0008]
As shown in FIG. 4, the trigger string portion 13 includes a pickup 13 a that detects the vibration of the string 5, and a sensor amplifier 13 b that amplifies the detection signal output from the pickup 13 a and applies the detection signal to the AD input of the microcomputer portion 11. Yes. A pickup 13a and a sensor amplifier 13b are provided for each string. Since the detection signal output from the sensor amplifier 13b is an analog signal, it is converted into a digital signal by an A / D converter (not shown) of the microcomputer unit 11.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 2, the microcomputer unit 11 has a memory (storage means) 16 composed of a ROM and a RAM, and is fetched from the fret unit 12 and the trigger string unit 13 based on programs and data stored in the ROM. Input data is processed and stored in RAM. Then, tone data including tone pitch data, tone color data, velocity data, and the like corresponding to the input data is supplied to the sound source unit 14.
The sound source unit 14 reads out waveform data from the PCM wave ROM 17 according to the musical tone data obtained from the microcomputer unit 11 and supplies the waveform data to the analog unit 15. In the analog unit 15, the waveform data from the sound source unit 14 is converted into an analog acoustic signal by a DAC (D / A converter) 18, amplified by an amplifier 19, and emitted from the speaker 6.
[0010]
Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described with reference to flowcharts of the microcomputer unit 11 shown in FIGS. In the first embodiment, the apodized tone color data is stored in advance in the ROM of the memory 16.
In the main flow of FIG. 5, the microcomputer unit 11 takes the AD value of the input data of the vibration of the string 5 from the trigger string unit 13 and converts it into digital data (step S1), and has the vibration level exceeded a predetermined threshold for the first time? It is determined whether or not (step S2). If the string does not exceed the threshold for the first time, the process proceeds to the AD value capturing process in step S1. On the other hand, if the string exceeds the threshold for the first time, it is determined whether the adjacent string exceeds the threshold (step S3). If the adjacent string does not exceed the threshold, a timer is started (step S4).
[0011]
Next, it is determined whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of the timer (step S5). If it is within the predetermined time, an AD value is taken from the trigger string portion 13 (step S6), and the adjacent string is a threshold value. It is determined whether or not it exceeds (step S7). If the adjacent string does not exceed the threshold value, the process proceeds to step S5 to execute the processing loop up to step S7, and when the adjacent string does not exceed the threshold value until a predetermined time elapses in step S5. Is determined to be the Alley playing method and performs the Al Aire process (step S8). If the vibration of the adjacent strings exceeds the threshold value in step S3, it is determined that the chord playing method is that a plurality of strings are played simultaneously, and the Alaire process (chord process) is performed (step S8).
As shown in FIG. 6, the Alaire processing fetches the pressed fret number of the string exceeding the threshold value from the fret portion 12 (step S11), calculates the pitch with the fret number and the string number (step S12), and obtains it. The note-on process is performed at the pitch of the note (step S13).
[0012]
On the other hand, in step S7 of FIG. 5, when the adjacent string exceeds the threshold value within a predetermined time, an apodization process is performed (step S9).
As shown in FIG. 7, the apoyend process selects and reads the apod tone data from the ROM (step S14), fetches the pressed fret number of the string exceeding the threshold value from the fret unit 12 (step S15), and sets the fret number and The pitch is calculated with the string number (step S16), and the note-on process of the apoyando tone is performed with the obtained pitch (step S17).
[0013]
As described above, in the first embodiment, when an adjacent string vibrates beyond a predetermined threshold within a predetermined time after the arbitrary string vibrates beyond the predetermined threshold, the ROM of the memory 16 The apoyande tone data is read out and the performance processing of the apoyande performance method is performed. Therefore, even an electronic guitar that is not structured to transmit string vibrations to the soundboard can perform a special performance such as an apoyande playing technique.
[0014]
Next, the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 8. Since the main flow of the microcomputer unit 11 and the flow of the Alaire process are the same as those in FIGS. 5 and 7 in the first embodiment, Will be omitted. Further, in the second embodiment, no apocalypse tone data is stored in the ROM.
As shown in FIG. 8, the apoyando process in the second embodiment takes in the pressed fret number of the string exceeding the threshold from the fret part 12 (step S18), and calculates the pitch with the fret number and the string number ( In step S19, the value of the velocity data is increased by a predetermined amount (α) from the time of the Alaire playing method, and note-on processing of a strong sound at the obtained pitch is performed (step S20).
[0015]
As described above, in the second embodiment, when an adjacent string vibrates beyond a predetermined threshold within a predetermined time after the vibration of an arbitrary string exceeding a predetermined threshold, the value of velocity data is set. The performance processing of the apoyand playing method is performed by increasing by a predetermined amount from the time of the playing method. Therefore, even an electronic guitar that is not structured to transmit string vibrations to the soundboard can perform a special performance such as an apoyande playing technique. Furthermore, since the apocalend tone color data is not stored in the ROM, the capacity of the memory 16 can be reduced, so that the cost can be reduced.
[0016]
Next, the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 9. In this embodiment as well, the main flow of the microcomputer unit 11 and the flow of the Alaire process are the same as those in FIGS. 5 and 7 in the first embodiment. Since there is, drawing and description are omitted. Also in this third embodiment, apocalypse tone color data is not stored in the ROM.
As shown in FIG. 9, the apoyando process in the third embodiment takes in the pressed fret number of the string exceeding the threshold from the fret part 12 (step S21), and calculates the pitch with the fret number and the string number ( In step S22), the determined pitch is lowered by a predetermined amount to perform note-on processing (step S23). In general, when a string operation is performed for picking an apoyande by picking, the pitch of the string played is lowered. That is, in the third embodiment, it is possible to realize the same state as the apoyand playing method by picking.
[0017]
As described above, in the third embodiment, when an adjacent string vibrates beyond a predetermined threshold within a predetermined time after an arbitrary string vibrates beyond a predetermined threshold, the pitch is increased by a predetermined amount. The performance processing of the apoyande performance method is performed at a lower level. Therefore, even an electronic guitar that is not structured to transmit string vibrations to the soundboard can perform a special performance such as an apoyande playing technique. Further, in this case as well, as in the second embodiment, since the apocalend tone color data is not stored in the ROM, the capacity of the memory 16 can be reduced, so that the cost can be reduced.
[0018]
Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of the string part, and shows the structure of the pickup corresponding to each string 5 in the cover 20 fixed to the tailpiece 4. As shown in this figure, the string 5 having one end fixed to the end 3 passes through the opening 20 a of the cover 20 and is fixed to one end of the cylindrical member 21. The other end of the cylindrical member 21 is fixed to one end of the coil spring 22. Further, the other end of the coil spring 22 is fixed to the tail piece 4. The contraction force of the coil spring 22 gives the string 5 tension necessary for playing the string. A photosensor 23 is provided at a position on the main body 1 side corresponding to each cylindrical member 21.
[0019]
Although not shown in FIG. 10, the photosensor 23 includes a light source unit that emits light and a photodiode that receives light. The light emitted from the light source unit irradiates the cylindrical member 21, and the lower peripheral surface 21 a of the cylindrical member 21. The photodiode receives the reflected light. For this reason, when the string 5 is displaced by vibration or pressing, the reflected light reflected by the lower peripheral surface 21a of the cylindrical member 21 also changes, so that the amount of light received by the photodiode changes. Therefore, the state of the string 5 can be detected from the output waveform of the photodiode.
[0020]
FIG. 11 shows the output waveform of the photodiode when the i-th (i = 1 to 6) string 5 is played. INZ (i) is an output level when the string is stationary, INZ (i) + β is a positive threshold level, and INZ (i) −β is a negative threshold level. Therefore, the output waveform is INZ (i) before the string is played. For example, when the string 5 is pressed to the main body side with a finger at the start of the string, the cylindrical member 21 approaches the photo sensor 23 due to the pressing, and the amount of light received by the photodiode increases, as shown in FIG. , PS, the output waveform exceeds the level of INZ (i) + β. When the finger is released from the string 5 at time T, the cylindrical member 21 vibrates together with the string 5 and the amount of light received by the photodiode changes abruptly. Therefore, the output waveform becomes a portion indicated by PV. Next, when the vibrating string 5 is pressed to the main body side with a finger, the vibration is stopped, and the cylindrical member 21 approaches the photo sensor 23 to increase the amount of light received by the photodiode. The output waveform exceeds the level of the positive threshold value INZ (i) + β.
[0021]
Even when the string 5 is pressed with a finger, when it is pressed in the horizontal direction, the light emitted from the light source unit irradiates a position off the center of the lower peripheral surface 21a of the cylindrical member 21, Since the reflected light decreases, the amount of light received by the photodiode decreases. Therefore, the value is smaller than the negative threshold value INZ (i) -β in FIG.
[0022]
FIG. 12 shows the PV portion of the output waveform of FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, the output waveform changes to the plus side and the minus side at a substantially constant cycle centering on the output level INZ (i) when the string is stationary. INZ (i) + α is a positive threshold level, and INZ (i) −α is a negative threshold level. Since the displacement of the string due to vibration is greater than the displacement of the string due to pressing (contact), the value of α is set to α> β.
[0023]
Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to the main flows of FIGS. 13 and 14 and the flows of FIGS.
In FIG. 13, first, initialization processing is performed (step A1). In this process, as shown in FIG. 15, the counter CNT (i) {CNT (1) to CNT (6)} corresponding to each string 5 is cleared by setting 0 (step B1). Corresponding registers INZ (i) {INZ (1) to INZ (6)} are set to 0 (step B1). CNT (i) is a counter that stores the number of times that the photodiode output waveform exceeds INZ (i) ± α in FIG. INZ (i) is a register that stores the average value of the output level when the string is stationary.
[0024]
In the main flow, after the initialization process, a pointer i designating a string is set to 1 (step A2), and the string state of the i string is detected (step A3). Next, i is incremented (step A4), and it is determined whether i = 7, that is, whether the maximum string has been exceeded (step A5). When i is 6 or less, the routine proceeds to step A3 where string state detection is performed.
[0025]
In the main flow, when a timer interrupt is entered, it is processed. In the string state detection, a timer register TIM (i) is used for vibration detection and contact detection described later. The value of TIM (i) is incremented at every timer interrupt. That is, as shown in FIG. 16, the string number pointer i is set to 1 (step C1), and it is determined whether or not the TIM (i) interrupt is cancelled (step C2). When the prohibition is canceled, the value of TIM (i) is incremented (step C3), and i is incremented (step C4). Then, it is determined whether i exceeds 7, that is, the number 6 of the string 5 (step C5). When i is 6 or less, the process proceeds to step C2 and the loop up to step C5 is repeated. When i becomes 7 in step C5, the process returns to the main flow.
[0026]
In the string state detection in step A3, as shown in FIG. 17, the level of i string (A / D conversion value of photodiode output) is set in the register DATA [i] (step D1). And it is discriminate | determined whether DATA [i] is not 0 (step D2). When DATA [i] is 0, 0 is set in the register a [i] indicating the string state (step D3). a [i] is a register indicating the state of the string, and is defined as follows by a value of 0-2.
a [i] = 0 The string is stationary (non-vibration, non-contact state)
a [i] = 1 The string is in a vibrating state (a string state)
a [i] = 2 String is in contact (pressed state)
If DATA [i] is not 0 in step D2, it is determined whether DATA [i] is not 1 (step D4). When a [i] is 1, since the string 5 is oscillating, vibration is detected (step D5). When a [i] is not 1, that is, when a [i] is 2, contact detection is performed (step D6).
[0027]
In the vibration detection in step D5, as shown in FIG. 18, it is determined whether or not CNT (i) is 0 (step E1). When CNT (i) is 0, that is, when the number of times that the photodiode output waveform crosses the plus-side threshold value or minus-side threshold value in FIG. 12 is 0, the DATA value is larger than INZ (i) + α. Is determined (step E2). If it is greater than INZ (i) + α, 1 is set in the flag PLS (i) (step E3). If the DATA value is not larger than INZ (i) + α in step E2, it is determined whether the DATA value is smaller than INZ (i) −α (step E4). If it is not smaller than INZ (i) -α, the process returns to the main flow. When the value of DATA is smaller than INZ (i) −α, 0 is set in PLS (i) (step E5).
[0028]
In step E3 or E5, after 1 or 0 is set in PLS (i), 0 is set in TIM (i) and cleared (step E6). In this case, since the photodiode output waveform crosses the threshold value of either INZ (i) + α or INZ (i) −α, 1 is set to CNT (i) (step E7). Then, the timer interrupt prohibition of TIM (i) is canceled (step E8). Thereafter, the flow returns to the chord state detection flow of FIG.
[0029]
In step E1, when CNT (i) is not 0, the photodiode output waveform has already crossed the threshold value at least once. In this case, in FIG. 19, it is determined whether or not the value of DATA is larger than INZ (i) + α (step E9). If it is not greater than INZ (i) + α, it is determined whether or not the DATA value is smaller than INZ (i) −α (step E4). The case where it is not smaller than INZ (i) −α is a case where the photodiode output waveform does not cross any of the positive and negative thresholds. In this case, it is determined whether TIM (i) exceeds γ (step E). The value of γ is set to a value slightly larger than the maximum period of vibration of the string 5, for example, γ = 10 ms.
[0030]
In step E11, TIM (i) is larger than γ, for example, in FIG. 12, when the photodiode output waveform crosses the threshold at point a. In this case, the string does not cross even if γ or more passes from point a, so the string does not vibrate. Therefore, 0 is set to CNT (i) (step E12), and 0 is set to a [i] (step E13). Then, the timer interrupt of TIM (i) is prohibited (step E14), and the flow returns to the chord state detection flow of FIG.
[0031]
If the value of DATA is larger than INZ (i) + α in step E9, it is determined whether or not the flag PLS (i) is 0 (step E15). When this flag is 0, 1 is set to this flag PLS (i) (step E16). Next, it is determined whether or not CNT (i) is 2 (step E17). When CNT (i) is 2, since the photodiode output waveform has already crossed the threshold value twice, the threshold value is crossed three times at the points b, c, and d in FIG. It corresponds to the state. In this case, it is determined that the string 5 is vibrating, and 1 is set to a [i] (step E18). When CNT (i) is not 2 in step E17, that is, when 1, the photodiode output waveform has already crossed the threshold value once, so it has crossed twice by the current cross. In this case, 0 is set in TIM (i) (step E19), and 2 is set in CNT (i) (step E20).
[0032]
In step E10, when the value of DATA is smaller than INZ (i) -α, it is determined whether or not the flag PLS (i) is 1 (step E21). When this flag is 1, 0 is set to this flag PLS (i) (step E22). Then, the process proceeds to step E17 to determine whether or not CNT (i) is 2. When CNT (i) is 2, a [i] is set to 1 (step E18). When CNT (i) is not 2 in Step E17, that is, when 1, TIM (i) is set to 0 (Step E19), and CNT (i) is set to 2 (Step E20).
[0033]
In step E15, the flag PLS (i) is 1 when the photodiode output waveform crosses the plus threshold without crossing the minus threshold. Further, when the flag PLS (i) is 0 in step E21, the photodiode output waveform does not cross the plus threshold but crosses the minus threshold. In any of these cases, the process proceeds to step E11 to compare the value of TIM (i) with the value of γ.
[0034]
In the contact detection in step D6 of FIG. 17, as shown in FIG. 20, it is determined whether or not DATA is larger than a positive threshold value INZ (i) + β (step F1). When DATA is larger than this threshold value, it is determined whether or not the flag PLUS (i) is 0 (step F2). PLUS (i) is a flag that is set to 1 in FIG. 11 when the photodiode output waveform becomes larger than the plus-side threshold value, and is set to 0 at the initialization of the main flow. Therefore, when this flag is 0, it is set to 1 (step F3). Next, TIM (i) is set to 0 (step F4), and TIM (i) interrupt prohibition is canceled (step F5). Then, the flow returns to the chord state detection flow of FIG.
[0035]
When DATA is greater than INZ (i) + β in step F1 and PLUS (i) is 1 in step F2, the photodiode output waveform has previously exceeded the plus threshold and is greater than the threshold It shows that it is maintaining. In this case, it is determined whether or not the value of TIM (i) is larger than γ (step F6). The value of TIM (i) is incremented for each timer interrupt because the interrupt is canceled in step F5. If the value of TIM (i) is not larger than γ, the flow returns to the chord state detection flow of FIG. After that, as long as the photodiode output waveform remains larger than the positive threshold, Step F1, Step F2, and Step F6 are repeatedly executed. When the value of TIM (i) exceeds γ in step F6, it is determined that the string is in contact and 2 is set in a [i] (step F7). Next, the TIM (i) interrupt is prohibited (step F8), and the flow returns to the chord state detection flow of FIG.
[0036]
In step F1, if DATA is not greater than INZ (i) + β, if the flag PLUS (i) is 1, then this flag is set to 0 (step F9). Then, it is determined whether or not DATA is smaller than INZ (i) -β (step F10). When DATA is smaller than this threshold value, it is determined whether or not the flag MINUS (i) is 0 (step F11). In FIG. 11, MINUS (i) is a flag that is set to 1 when the photodiode output waveform becomes smaller than the negative threshold value, and is set to 0 at the initialization of the main flow. Therefore, when this flag is 0, it is set to 1 (step F12). Next, TIM (i) is set to 0 (step F4), and TIM (i) interrupt prohibition is canceled (step F5). Then, the flow returns to the chord state detection flow of FIG.
[0037]
When DATA is smaller than INZ (i) -β in Step F10 and MINUS (i) is 1 in Step F11, the photodiode output waveform has previously exceeded the minus threshold and is smaller than the threshold. It shows that the state is maintained. In this case, it is determined whether or not the value of TIM (i) is larger than γ (step F6). If the value of TIM (i) is not larger than γ, the flow returns to the chord state detection flow of FIG. After that, as long as the photodiode output waveform is kept smaller than the negative threshold, Step F10, Step F11, and Step F6 are repeatedly executed. When the value of TIM (i) exceeds γ in step F6, it is determined that the string is in contact and 2 is set in a [i] (step F7). If DATA is smaller than the negative threshold value INZ (i) −β in step F10 and MINUS (i) is 1 in step F11, 0 is set in MINUS (i) (step F13). Next, the TIM (i) interrupt is prohibited (step F14), and the flow returns to the chord state detection flow of FIG.
[0038]
When the string state detection in FIG. 17 ends, as already described, the process proceeds from step A3 to step A4 in FIG. 13 and i is incremented. Then, it is determined whether i is 7 (step A5). When i is 6 or less, the process proceeds to step A3, and the above-described string state detection is performed. When the value of i incremented in step A4 becomes 7 in step A5, 1 is set to i (step A6), and fingerboard scanning is performed on the fret portion 12 of FIG. 3 (step A7). As a result of scanning, it is determined whether or not the fret switch is on (step A8). If the fret switch is on, the on-state fret number is set in the register FRET (i) (step A9). If the fret switch is off, the open string fret number 0 is set in FRET (i) (step A10).
[0039]
Next, in FIG. 14, it is determined whether or not the register a [i] indicating the state of the string is 1, that is, whether or not the string is in a vibrating state (step A11). If a [i] is 1, it is determined whether i-1 is not 0 (step A12). That is, it is determined whether or not there is a string on the lower pitch side next to the string designated by the pointer i. When there is a corresponding adjacent string, it is determined whether or not the state a [i-1] of the string is 2, that is, whether or not the corresponding adjacent string is in a contact state (step A13). If a [i-1] is not 2 and the string is not in a contact state, the Alaire process is performed (step A14). The Alaire process is the same as the flow shown in FIG. On the other hand, when the string is in contact, an apoyande process is performed (step A15). The apodization process is the same as the flow in any of FIG. 7, FIG. 8, or FIG.
[0040]
In step A12, if i-1 is 0, that is, if there is no string on the lower side of the string specified by i, it is determined whether i + 1 is not 7 (step S12). A16). That is, it is determined whether or not there is a string on the higher pitch side next to the string designated by i. If there is a corresponding adjacent string, it is determined whether or not the state a [i + 1] of the string is 2, that is, whether or not the corresponding adjacent string is in a contact state (step A17). If a [i + 1] is not 2 and the string is not in contact, or if there is no corresponding string on the higher pitch side in step A16, the Aairei process is performed in step A14. If the string is in contact, an apoyande process is performed in step A15.
[0041]
After the automatic processing or the apodization processing, i is incremented (step A18), and it is determined whether i has become 7 (step A19). When i is 6 or less, the process proceeds to step A7 in FIG. 13, and fingerboard scanning is performed on the string designated by i. When i becomes 7 in step A19 in FIG. 14, the process proceeds to step A2 in FIG. 13, and string state detection is performed for all strings while i is incremented from i = 1 to i = 6. . In step A11 of FIG. 14, when a [i] is not 1, the string is not in a vibrating state. That is, since the string is not struck, i is incremented in step A18 to specify the next string.
[0042]
As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, the microcomputer unit 11 is in contact with a string adjacent to the vibrating string during a period in which an arbitrary string is vibrating beyond a predetermined threshold. When it is determined, the performance processing of the apoyande performance method is performed. In this case, when the DATA value that is the displacement amount of the adjacent string exceeds the predetermined displacement range INZ (i) −β to INZ (i) + β for a period longer than the period of γ, the adjacent string is adjacent. Detects that the string to be touched is in contact. Therefore, even an electronic stringed instrument that is not structured to transmit the vibration of the string to the soundboard can perform a special performance such as an apoyande technique.
[0043]
In each of the above embodiments, the string 5 is provided in the string part of the main body 1 of the electronic guitar, and the linear member 8 similar to the string is provided in the fingerboard part 2 without providing an actual string. A string may be stretched over the string part and the fingerboard part. However, even in this case, the pitch is not determined by the vibration of the string, and the pitch is determined by the pitch switch provided inside the fingerboard. Also in this case, since the structure is not configured to transmit the vibration of the string to the soundboard, the same effects as those of the above embodiments can be obtained by applying the present invention.
[0044]
Further, in the apoyend playing method, the vibration width of the string that stops the finger is smaller than the vibration width of the string that is played, so that the difference between the vibration widths may be detected to perform the performance process of the apoyand playing method.
[0045]
In each of the above embodiments, an electronic guitar has been described as an example of an electronic stringed instrument. However, the present invention can also be applied to an electronic bass instrument, an electronic steel guitar, and other electronic stringed instruments.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a difference in string vibration due to different performance styles is detected, and sound generation processing corresponding to the performance style is performed. Therefore, even an electronic stringed instrument that is not structured to transmit the vibration of the string to the soundboard can perform a special performance such as an apoyande technique.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an electronic guitar in each embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an internal system configuration of the electronic guitar in FIG.
3 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a fret portion in FIG. 2;
4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a trigger string portion in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a main flowchart of the microcomputer section showing the operation of the first embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the Alaire process of the first embodiment in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the appointment process of the first embodiment in FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of an appointment process according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of an appointment process according to the third embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a structure of a trigger part according to a fourth embodiment.
11 is a diagram showing an output waveform of the photosensor in FIG.
12 is a diagram showing the vibration waveform of FIG. 11 with the time axis expanded. FIG.
FIG. 13 is a main flowchart of the microcomputer section showing the operation of the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 14 is a main flowchart following FIG. 13;
15 is a flowchart of initialization in FIG. 13;
FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a timer interrupt.
17 is a flowchart of string state detection in FIG. 13;
18 is a flowchart of vibration detection in FIG.
FIG. 19 is a flowchart of vibration detection following FIG. 18;
20 is a flowchart of contact detection in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Microcomputer part
12 frets
13 Trigger string
14 Sound source section
15 Analog part

Claims (11)

A plurality of strings provided on at least the string portion of the main body having a fingerboard portion composed of a string portion and a plurality of frets;
String vibration detecting means for detecting that each string vibrates;
A pitch detecting means provided on each fret of the fingerboard portion corresponding to the plurality of strings, and having a pitch switch that is turned on in accordance with a predetermined pressing displacement;
Control means for performing performance processing of one of the performance techniques of the Aairere method and the Apoyand performance method according to the vibration state of the string adjacent to the arbitrary string when the arbitrary string vibrates exceeding a predetermined threshold;
An electronic stringed instrument characterized by comprising The control means, when a string adjacent to the arbitrary string vibrates beyond the predetermined threshold within a predetermined time after the arbitrary string vibrates beyond the predetermined threshold, the apoyande performance method The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 1, wherein the performance processing is performed. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control means performs performance processing of the apoyand performance by reading out the tone color data of the apoyand performance from a storage means. 3. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 1, wherein the control means performs the performance process of the apoyand performance by increasing the intensity of the sound of the alaire performance by a predetermined amount. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control means performs the performance process of the apoyand performance method by lowering the pitch of the sound of the Alaire performance method by a predetermined amount. When the control means determines that a string adjacent to the vibrating string is in a contact state during a period in which the arbitrary string exceeds the predetermined threshold, the performance of the apoyande performance method is performed. 2. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 1, wherein processing is performed. The said control means discriminate | determines that the said adjacent string is a contact state, when the displacement amount of the said adjacent string exceeds a predetermined displacement range for a period longer than a predetermined period continuously. Item 7. The electronic stringed instrument according to Item 6. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 7, wherein the predetermined period is a period longer than a maximum period of vibration when the string is in a vibrating state. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the control means performs performance processing of the apoyand performance by reading out the tone color data of the apoyand performance from a storage means. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the control means performs a performance process of the apoyand playing method by increasing a sound intensity of the alaire playing method by a predetermined amount. The electronic stringed instrument according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the control means performs the performance processing of the apoyand performance method by lowering the pitch of the sound of the Alaire performance method by a predetermined amount.

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