JP3766970B2

JP3766970B2 - Door closer

Info

Publication number: JP3766970B2
Application number: JP2001394740A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 木健鈴; 室康一山; 谷部雅之長
Original assignee: NHK Spring Co Ltd
Current assignee: NHK Spring Co Ltd
Priority date: 2001-12-26
Filing date: 2001-12-26
Publication date: 2006-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 2021-12-26
Also published as: JP2003193740A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、出入口部のドアに取付けてドアを開けた後閉じる際に、衝撃なしにゆっくりと閉塞し、閉塞終端では確実に全閉されるドアクローザーに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来のドアクローザーは、ドア開閉の際にラックとピニオンによって動くリンクを、オリフィスを設けたピストンで動かし緩動させようとするものである。その一例を図１６及び図１７について説明する。図１６は従来例の概略斜視図、図１７は従来例の要部断面図である。ドアクローザー５１は、図１６に示すようにドア１０１に取付けられ、ドア出入口部の上枠１０２とリンク５９で連結されている。このドアクローザー５１は、本体５２に収納された筒状ピストン５３の側壁にラック５５が形成され、このラック５５にピニオン５６が噛合され、このピニオン５６の軸が前記リンク５２の一端に連結されており、前記ピストン５３には、ドアを閉塞方向に付勢するばね５４が設けられている。ドアの開閉によりピニオン５６が正逆に回転し、それによりピストン５３が進退するが、それに伴う連通孔５７の開閉とストップ手段５８とにより、ドアの開状態の維持とゆるやかな閉塞を行うものである。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このように従来のドアクローザーは、ラック、ピニオン及びリンク等を具備するため、構造が複雑で製造に手数がかかるし、高価となる課題がある。しかも、リンクが見える位置に存在するため室の美観を害し好ましくない。
この発明は、このような従来の課題に鑑み提案されたものであり、その目的は従来のようなラック、ピニオン及びリンク等を不要とし、複雑な構造を単純化した斬新で簡単な構造を提案すると共に安価なドアクローザーを提供しようとするものである。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するため、この発明の請求項１のドアクローザーは、ドアを取付ける出入口部の周囲適所とドアとにおいて、一方にオイルダンパー本体側が、他方にオイルダンパーのピストンロッド側が取付けられるドアクローザーであって、
オイルダンパーの本体は、調整筒に収納されて互いにねじ結合して一体に可動すると共に、調整筒は、該ねじ結合で調整筒又はオイルダンパー本体の正逆の回動により進退可能であり、オイルダンパーには該調整筒とピストンロッドとの間にドアを閉塞方向に付勢するばねが設けられ、前記調整筒又はオイルダンパー本体の正逆の回動による調整筒の進退で該ばねのばね力の調整が可能となっており、
オイルダンパーのピストンは、このピストンで画成したピストン収納室の一方の室から他方の室に連通する流路を有し、このピストンの流路近傍には、ピストンの可動で移動しドアの開方向の移動では流路断面積を大に確保し、ドアの閉塞方向の移動では流路断面積を小に確保するように調整可能な弁体が存在し、また、オイルダンパーには、ドアの閉塞終端においてピストン収納室の一方の室の流体をピストン移動側とは反対側の室に一気に流出する流体圧解放手段が設けられ、かつ、オイルダンパーにはピストンをしてドアを閉塞方向に付勢するばねが設けられていることを特徴とする。
【０００５】
また、この発明の請求項２のドアクローザーは、前記ピストンは、一端側がピストン部、他端側が外周面に流路を有する弁体係止部、中央が小径軸部に形成され、ピストン部には前記弁体係止部の流路より中心寄りに流路が形成され、弁体は弁体係止部の外周面に形成された流路位置より小径に形成され、この弁体が小径軸部にピストン部の流路断面積を大小調整可能に装着されていることを特徴とする。
【０００６】
これによりドアを開くときは、オイルダンパーの流体圧（油圧）は作用せず、ばねに抗して開くことができ、ドアを閉じるときは、ばねのばね力で閉塞するが、オイルダンパーの流体圧の作用で緩やかに閉じ、かつ閉塞終端では流体圧の作用が解放され確実に全閉できる。また、ばねのばね力は、調整筒の進退で調整できる。
【０００７】
また、この発明の請求項３のドアクローザーは、前記小径軸部には弁体がピストン部の流路を閉塞する方向に移動したとき、流路開口との間に隙間を形成してストップするストッパが設けられていることを特徴とする。
これにより弁体は流路開口との間に隙間を形成してストップすることができ、流路断面積を小に確保し、ドアを緩やかに閉めることができる。
【０００８】
また、この発明の請求項４のドアクローザーは、前記オイルダンパーの流体圧解放手段は、ドアの閉塞終端におけるピストン収納室内面が大径部に形成され、ピストンがこの大径部に位置するとピストン外周面とピストン収納室内面との間に流路が形成され、ピストン収納室の一方の室の流体が、ピストン移動側とは反対の室に一気に流出されることを特徴とする。
これによりドア閉塞終端において流体圧を一気に解放でき、ばねの力で確実に全閉することができる。
【０００９】
また、この発明の請求項５のドアクローザーは、前記ピストンは、一端側がピストン部、他端側が外周面に流路を有する弁体係止部、中央が小径軸部に形成され、ピストン部には前記弁体係止部の流路より中心寄りに流路が形成され、弁体は弁体係止部の外周面に形成された流路位置より小径に形成され、この弁体が小径軸部にピストン部の流路断面積を大小調整可能に装着され、かつ、ピストンを貫通して弁体に影響されない解放流路が形成されて成り、このピストンはピストンロッドの基端に、一定の範囲で軸方向に可動可能に装着され、このピストンは圧縮ばねにより鍔体に押圧され通常はピストンに貫通した解放流路が鍔体で閉塞されており、
前記流体圧解放手段は、ピストン収納室のドア閉塞終端位置に、ピストンに当接する突起が設けられて構成され、前記ピストンがドア閉塞終端で突起に当接して圧縮ばねに抗して移動され鍔体と離間し、ピストンに貫通した解放流路を解放することを特徴とする。
これによりドアを開くときは、オイルダンパーの流体圧は作用せず、ばねに抗して開くことができ、ドアを閉じる時は、ばねのばね力で閉塞するが、流体圧の作用で緩やかに閉じ、かつドア閉塞終端では流体圧の作用が一気に解放され確実に全閉できる。
【００１０】
また、この発明の請求項６のドアクローザーは、ドアクローザーの一方の取付金具は、枢軸を中心に回転自在の可動板を有し、この可動板は回転したドア全開位置で全開位置を保持するストッパを備え、ドアクローザーのオイルダンパーの本体側又はピストンロッド側は、この可動板に取付けられ、ドアの開閉に伴ないオイルダンパーを介して正逆に回動し、ドア全開状態で外力を取り除くと位置保持することを特徴とする。
また、この発明の請求項７のドアクローザーは、前記可動板のストッパは、可動板が圧縮ばねにて取付金具の板面に押圧されるストップボールを有し、取付金具の板面には、可動板と一緒に回転するストップボールの軌道上のドア全開位置に凹部が設けられ、ドア全開位置でストップボールが凹部に没入しドア全開位置を保持することを特徴とする。
これによりドアを全開状態でストップさせ解放状態に維持することができる。
【００１１】
また、この発明の請求項８のドアクローザーは、ドアを取付ける出入口部の周囲適所とドアとにおいて、一方にオイルダンパー本体側が、他方にオイルダンパーのピストンロッド側が取付けられるドアクローザーであって、
オイルダンパーのピストンは、このピストンで画成したピストン収納室の一方の室から他方の室に連通する流路を有し、このピストンの流路近傍には、ピストンの可動で移動しドアの開方向の移動では流路断面積を大に確保し、ドアの閉塞方向の移動では流路断面積を小に確保するように調整可能な弁体が存在し、また、オイルダンパーには、ドアの閉塞終端においてピストン収納室の一方の室の流体をピストン移動側とは反対側の室に一気に流出する流体圧解放手段が設けられ、かつ、オイルダンパーにはピストンをしてドアを閉塞方向に付勢するばねが設けられ、
前記ピストンは、一端側がピストン部、他端側が外周面に流路を有する弁体係止部、中央が小径軸部に形成され、ピストン部には前記弁体係止部の流路より中心寄りに流路が形成され、弁体は弁体係止部の外周面に形成された流路位置より小径に形成され、この弁体が小径軸部にピストン部の流路断面積を大小調整可能に装着され、かつ、ピストンを貫通して弁体に影響されない解放流路が形成されて成り、このピストンはピストンロッドの基端に、一定の範囲で軸方向に可動可能に装着され、このピストンは圧縮ばねにより鍔体に押圧され通常はピストンに貫通した解放流路が鍔体で閉塞されており、
前記流体圧解放手段は、ピストン収納室のドア閉塞終端位置に、ピストンに当接する突起が設けられて構成され、前記ピストンがドア閉塞終端で突起に当接して圧縮ばねに抗して移動され鍔体と離間し、ピストンに貫通した解放流路を解放することを特徴とする。
これによりドアを開くときは、オイルダンパーの流体圧は作用せず、ばねに抗して開くことができ、ドアを閉じる時は、ばねのばね力で閉塞するが、流圧体の作用で緩やかに閉じ、かつドア閉塞終端では流体圧の作用が一気に開放され確実に全閉できる。
【００１２】
さらに、この発明の請求項９のドアクローザーは、前記ピストンロッドの端部はねじ部に形成され、このねじ部がドア取付け金具の軸にねじ結合して取り付けられ、このねじ結合の調整によりドアクローザーの取付時にピストンロッドの進退調整が可能となっていることを特徴とする。
これによりドア取付け金具への取付時にねじ結合の調整によりピストンロッドの進退調整ができるので、このピストンロッドの進退調整でピストンの位置を所定位置に調整することができる。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面に示す実施の形態についてこの発明を詳細に説明する。図１はこの発明の実施の形態を示すドアクローザーの正面図、図２はこの発明の実施の形態を示すドアクローザーの断面図、図３は取付金具の断面正面図、図４は取付金具に設けた可動板のストッパを示す断面図、図５はドア開方向時のピストンを示す断面図、図６はドア閉塞方向時のピストンを示す断面図、図７はドア全閉状態からドア開方向に向かう直後のピストンを示す断面図、図８はドアが完全閉塞するときのピストンを示す断面図である。
【００１４】
同図において、ドアクローザー１は、外筒２内に収納されたオイルダンパー３で構成され、ドアを取付ける出入口部の周囲適所とドアとにおいて、一方にオイルダンパー３の本体３ａ側が、他方にオイルダンパー３のピストンロッド４側が取付けられる。この実施の形態では、オイルダンパー３の本体３ａ側が出入口部の周囲適所に、オイルダンパー３のピストンロッド４側がドアに取付けられる。
【００１５】
前記オイルダンパー３が収納された外筒２の一端側の開口は、内側にばね取付部９ａが設けられた閉塞部材９がピン１０止めされて固定されて閉塞されており、オイルダンパー３のピストンロッド４は、この閉塞部材９を貫通して外出している。このピストンロッド４の外出した端部は、ねじ部５になっている。
ドアに取付けるドア取付金具６は、取付部より平行する軸受板６ａ、６ａが立上り形成されており、この軸受板６ａ、６ａ間に軸７が回転自在に設けられ、Ｅリング８で抜け止めされている。前記ピストンロッド４は、外出したねじ部５が、前記ドア取付金具６の軸７に直交方向よりねじ結合して取付けられる。
従って、このピストンロッド４のねじ結合の調整によってピストンロッド４の進退調整が可能となり、これによりドアクローザーの取付時に、ピストンロッド４の進退調整でピストン２１の位置を所定位置に調整できる。例えば、ピストン２１の位置がずれていると、後述する流体圧開放手段がドア全閉時に作用せず、ドア開閉の作動に不具合を生ずる。このような時はピストンロッド４の進退調整でピストン２１の位置を正しい所定位置に調整できる。
【００１６】
前記外筒２の他方の開口からは、外筒２内に有底１１ａの調整筒１１が可動自在に挿入され、この調整筒１１で外筒２の他方の開口も閉塞される。この時、調整筒１１内にオイルダンパー３の本体３ａも収納されて、外筒２、調整筒１１及びオイルダンパー３の本体３ａの三重構造の格好となる。そして、前記調整筒１１の先端と外筒２の閉塞部材９との間に、オイルダンパー３のピストン２１（後述）をしてドアを閉塞方向に付勢するばね１２が張設されている。このばね１２は一端が閉塞部材９のばね取付部９ａに装着され、他端は調整筒１１の先端に取付けられて設けられる。
【００１７】
オイルダンパー３の本体３ａの底部には螺軸１３が設けられて調整筒１１の底部１１ａを貫通して外出している。この螺軸１３と調整筒１１の底部１１ａとはねじ結合している。従って、螺軸１３又は調整筒１１を正逆回転することによって調整筒１１は進退するので、これにより前記ばね１２の付勢力の調整が可能となる。また、オイルダンパー３の本体３ａの底部に取付けられた螺軸１３と調整筒１１の底部１１ａがねじ結合されていると、オイルダンパー３の本体３ａと調整筒１１は、一緒に可動（進退）することになる。
【００１８】
ドアを取付ける出入口部の周囲適所に取付ける取付金具１６は、周囲適所への取付片１６ｂと可動板取付片１６ａとがアングル状に折曲して形成されており、この可動板取付片１６ａに可動板１４が枢軸１８で回転自在に取付けられている。この可動板１４は、Ｌ字状になっており、片１４ｂにはストッパー１５が設けられ、片１４ａには前記オイルダンパー３の本体３ａの底部に取付けられ調整筒１１の底部１１ａを貫通して外出した螺軸１３が取付けられる。これによりドアクローザー１の一方側が出入口部の周囲に取付けられることとなる。
【００１９】
前記ストッパー１５は、図３及び図４に示すように収納筒１５ａ内に収納された圧縮ばね２０によりストップボール１９が取付金具１６の可動板取付片１６ａの板面に押し付けられて設けられており、この可動板取付片１６ａの、可動板１４と共に回動するストップボール１９の軌道上に凹部１７が形成されている。従って、可動板１４と共に回転したストップボール１９は、圧縮ばね２０で押圧されているため、凹部１７の位置にくると、この凹部１７に入り可動板１４の回転を止めて位置保持できる。この凹部１７の位置は、ドアの全開時に当たる位置になっており、ドアの全開時にストップボール１９がこの凹部１７に入り可動板１４の回転がストップされることでドアは全開状態を維持する。即ち、図１及び図２に示すようにオイルダンパー本体３ａの底部に取付けられた螺軸１３の先端が可動板１４に固定されているため、可動板１４はドアの開閉に伴うオイルダンパー３の伸長及び短縮で正逆に回転する。従って、凹部１７の位置を、可動板１４と共に回動するストップボール１９の軌道上で、ドア全開時の位置とすれば、ドアはこの位置でストップされ、ストップ力がドアを閉塞方向に付勢するばね１２の引張力（付勢力）より大きいため、この位置（ドアの全開状態）を維持することとなる。
【００２０】
オイルダンパー３のピストン２１は、図５及び図６に示すようにこのピストン２１で画成したピストン収納室４０の一方の室４０ａから他方の室４０ｂに連通する流路２５を有し、このピストン２１の流路２５付近には、ピストンの可動で移動し、ドアの開方向の移動では流路２５断面積を大に確保し、ドアの閉塞方向の移動では流路２５断面積を小とするように調整可能な弁体２８が存在する。
【００２１】
この実施の形態では、ピストン２１は、一端がピストン部２２、他端が弁体係止部２３、中央が小径軸部２４に形成されており、一方の弁体係止部２３には外周面に流路２７が形成され、他方のピストン部２２には前記流路２７より中心寄りに流路２５が形成されている。弁体２８は弁体係止部２３の外周面に形成された流路２７位置より小径に形成され、この弁体２８が小径軸部２４に遊動自在に装着されている。また、前記小径軸部２４には弁体２８が流路２５を閉塞する方向に移動したとき、流路２５の開口との間に隙間を形成してストップするストッパ２６が設けられている。本例では段部で形成されている。このピストン２１は、ピストンロッド４の基端に形成された軸部４ｃに挿着され、段部４ａと鍔体４ｂとで固定している。
【００２２】
従って、ドアの開方向の移動では、図５に示すようにピストン２１はピストンロッド４に引っ張られ矢印Ａ方向に移動しようとするから、流体圧（油圧）は室４０ａから室４０ｂに向かってかかるため、この圧力により弁体２８は押され、流路２５を全開状態として流路２５断面積を大に確保する。また、ドアの閉塞方向の移動では、図６に示すようにピストン２１はピストンロッド４に押され矢印Ｂ方向に移動しようとするから、流体圧は室４０ｂから室４０ａに向かってかかるため、この圧力により弁体２８は押され、流路２５を閉じるように移動するが、ストッパ２６の存在により流路２５の開口と少しの隙間を保って止められ、流路２５断面積を小に維持する。また、弁体２８は弁体係止部２３の外周面に形成された流路２７位置より小径なので、いずれの移動でも流路２７断面積には影響を与えない。このようにしてオリフィスの調整がはかられる。
【００２３】
また、オイルダンパー３には、図７及び図８に示すようなドアの閉塞終端においてピストン収納室４０の一方の室４０ｂの流体をピストン２１移動側とは反対側の室４０ａに一気に解放する流体圧解放手段が存在する。これによりドアの閉塞終端において流体圧の作用がなくなりばね１２の働きでドアが確実に全閉されるものである。
【００２４】
流体圧解放手段として、この実施の形態では図７及び図８に示すように、ドアの閉塞終端におけるピストン収納室４０の内面を大径３０に形成して構成されている。したがて、ドアが閉塞方向に移動し、閉塞終端に達すると、図８に示すようにピストン２１がこの大径部３０に達し、ピストン２１外周面とピストン収納室４０内面との間に流路が形成され、ピストン収納室４０の一方の室４０ｂの流体は、ピストン２１移動側とは反対の室４０ａに一気に解放される。これにより流体圧の作用がなくなりドアは、ばね１２の力で全閉される。図７はドアの全閉時から開方向に向かうピストン２１の様子を示している。ドアの全閉時は大径部３０で流体圧が作用しなくなっているが、図７に示すようにドアを開こうとすると、ピストンロッド４によりピストン２１が矢印Ａ方向に引っ張られるので大径部３０から少し移動しピストン２１のピストン部２２がピストン収納室４０の内面に摺接し、流体圧が作用し、図５に示すと同様に作用する。
【００２５】
図９はピストンの他の実施の形態を示す断面図である。このピストン２１ａは、最も中心寄りにピストン２１ａを貫通する流路３２が設けられた以外は、前記ピストン２１と同様である。本例では、ピストンロッド４の基端における軸部４ｃが長く形成され、ピストンロッド４はこの軸部４ｃに段部４ａと鍔体４ｂとの間で可動可能に挿着され、圧縮ばね３１で常に鍔体４ｂ側に付勢されている。この圧縮ばね３１は、通常のピストン２１ａの移動では可動しないばね力となっているため、ドア開閉時のピストン２１ａの移動では可動せず、通常流路３２は鍔体４ｂで閉塞されている。従って、通常はこのピストン２１ａも前記図５及び図６に示すピストン２１と同様に作用する。
【００２６】
図１０は流体圧解放手段の他の実施の形態を示す要部断面図である。この実施の形態は、ピストン収納室４０の端面開口を閉塞する閉塞部材３３の底面に突起３４を設けて構成されている。従って、前記図９に示すようなピストン２１ａを使用すれば、ドア閉塞終端においてピストン２１ａは、突起３４に当接するため、ピストン２１ａは押され圧縮ばね３１に抗して移動し、鍔体４ｂから離間する。これにより流路３２が解放されるため、室４０ｂ側の流体は室４０ａ側に一気に流れることができ流体圧は解放されるものである。
【００２７】
図１１はこの発明の他の実施の形態を示すドアクローザーの一部断面正面図である。前記実施の形態では、ピストンをしてドアを閉塞方向に付勢するばね１２は、引張ばねであるが、本例は圧縮ばね１２ａの場合である。本例ではばね取付部９ａがオイルダンパー３の本体３ａ端部に設けられ、圧縮ばね１２ａはこのばね取付部９ａと外筒２の底部との間に設けられており、オイルダンパー３のドア開方向の動きで圧縮ばね１２ａが圧縮され、ドア閉塞時に閉塞方向に付勢するようになっている。本例では調整筒はない。他は前記実施の形態と同様であるので、同一構成要素には同一符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
【００２８】
しかして、このように構成されてドアクローザー１は、図１２及び図１３に示すようにドアとドア出入口部の周囲適所との間に設置される。図１２はドアクローザーを設置した正面図、図１３は同斜視図を示している。この図１２及び図１３では、ドア１０１側に取付金具６が固定され、ドア出入口部の上枠１０２に取付金具１６が取付けられている。
【００２９】
次に、図１４において作用を説明する。（ａ）はドア全閉時の断面説明図、（ｂ）はドア開閉途中の断面説明図、（ｃ）はドア全開時の断面説明図である。
ドア全閉時にはピストン２１は、図８に示すようにピストン２１の大径部３０に位置するため流体圧は作用せず、ばね１２のばね力で全閉している。
その状態からドア１０１を開こうとするとピストン２１はピストンロッド４に引かれ図７に示すようにピストン２１のピストン部２２がピストン収納室４０の内面に摺接するようようになり流体圧が作用するようになる。
【００３０】
ドア開方向では、オイルダンパー３が伸長方向であるためピストン２１が図５に示す矢印Ａ方向の動きとなるため、流体圧は室４０ａから室４０ｂに向かってかかるため、この圧力により弁体２８は押され、流体圧を全開状態として流路断面積を大に確保する。従って、ドア１０１に流体圧は作用せず、ばね１２のばね力に抗して開くだけでよい。図１４（ｂ）はドア１０１の開閉途中を示し、図１４（ａ）からドアクローザーが途中まで伸長した状態を示し、さらにドア１０１を開けば、図１４（ｃ）に示すようにドアクローザー１はさらに伸長し全開状態に達する。ここではドア開方向がオイルダンパー３の伸長方向であり、ドア閉塞方向がオイルダンパー３の短縮方向である。
【００３１】
この時、図１及び図２に示すようにオイルダンパー本体３ａの底部に取付けられた螺軸１３の先端が可動板１４に固定されているため、可動板１４はドアの開閉に伴いオイルダンパー３を介して引っ張られたり、押されたりするので正逆に回転する。従って、ドアの全開状態の時に、可動板１４のストップボール１９はばね２０により可動板取付片１６ａの凹部１７に没入するから、この状態で外力を解除しても全開状態を保持する。
【００３２】
そこで、ドアを閉めようと少しの外力を加えると、ストップボール１９が凹部１７から外れ、ばね１２のばね力でドア１０１は閉塞方向に向かう。このドアの閉塞方向の移動では、オイルダンパー３が短縮方向となるためピストン２１は、図６に示すようにピストンロッド４に押され矢印Ｂ方向に移動しようとするから、流体圧は室４０ｂから室４０ａに向かってかかり、この圧力により弁体２８は押され、流路２５を閉じるように移動するが、ストッパ２６の存在により流路２５の開口と少しの隙間を保って止められ、流路２５の断面積を小に維持する。このためピストン２１は、ばね１２のばね力が作用しても動きが緩やかになり、その結果、ドア１０１も緩やかに閉じることになる。
【００３３】
ところが、ドア１０１が閉塞終端にくると、オイルダンパー３には流体圧解放手段が設けられているので、ここで室４０ｂの流体圧は、ピストン２１移動側とは反対の室４０ａに一気に流出し流体圧が解放されるため、ドア１０１はばね１２のばね力で全閉される。即ち、ドア１０１の閉塞終端においてピストン２１がピストン収納室４０の大径部３０にくると、ピストン２１外周面とピストン収納室４０内面との間に流路が形成されるため、ピストン収納室４０の一方の室４０ｂの流体は、ピストン２１移動側とは反対の室４０ａに一気に解放される。これによりピストン２１への流体圧の作用がなくなり、ドア１０１はばね１２の力で確実に全閉される。
【００３４】
図１０に示す流体圧解放手段も同様に、ドア１０１の閉塞終端においてピストン２１ａがピストン収納室４０の突起３４に当接し、流路３２を全開するため、ピストン収納室４０の一方の室４０ｂの流体は、ピストン２１ａの移動側とは反対の室４０ａに一気に解放され、これによりピストン２１ａへの流体圧の作用がなくなり、ドア１０１はばね１２の力で確実に全閉される。
また、図１１の実施の形態でも前記実施の形態と同様に作用するものである。
【００３５】
図１５はドアの開閉状態を示す平面説明図であり、符号（ａ）がドア全閉状態であり、ドアクローザー１は図１４（ａ）の状態であり、（ｂ）がドアの開く途中で、ドアクローザー１は図１４（ｂ）の状態であり、（ｃ）がドアの全開状態であり、ドアクローザー１は図１４（ｃ）の状態である。
【００３６】
なお、前記実施の形態は、この発明を制限するものではなく、この発明は、要旨を逸脱しない範囲での種々の変更が可能である。
【００３７】
【発明の効果】
以上詳細に説明した通り、この発明のドアクローザーによれば次のような効果を奏する。
（１）ドア全開したとき、ドアが自動的にストップして開放状態を維持し、ドアを閉じるときはドアに閉塞方向に少しの力を加えると開放状態は解除され、ばねの力で自動的に閉塞するが、オイルダンパーの働きで緩やかに閉塞し、閉塞終端では流体圧が一気に開放され確実に全閉される。
（２）ドアを閉塞方向に付勢するばねのばね力が調整できるので、ドアの開閉を適正、円滑に行なうように調整できる。
【００３８】
（３）ドアクローザーの取付時に、ねじ結合の調整でピストンロッドの進退調整ができ、それによりピストンの位置を所定位置に調整することができる。
【００３９】
（４）従来のようにラック、ピニオン及びリンク等の複雑な構造は具備せず、簡単な構造のために部品点数も少なく、製造も容易となり、かつ安価に提供できる。
（５）リンクを具備しないので、従来のように取付け後にリンクが外部から見えて美観を損ねることもない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の実施の形態を示すドアクローザーの正面図である。
【図２】この発明の実施の形態を示すドアクローザーの断面図である。
【図３】取付金具の断面正面図である。
【図４】取付金具の可動板に設けたストッパを示す断面図である。
【図５】ドア開方向時のピストンを示す断面図である。
【図６】ドア閉塞方向時のピストンを示す断面図である。
【図７】ドア全閉状態から開方向に向かう直後のピストンを示す断面図である。
【図８】ドアが完全閉塞する時のピストンを示す断面図である。
【図９】ピストンの他の実施の形態を示す断面図である。
【図１０】流体圧解放手段の他の実施の形態を示す要部断面図である。
【図１１】この発明の他の実施の形態を示すドアクローザーの一部断面正面図である。
【図１２】ドアクローザーを設置した正面図である。
【図１３】ドアクローザーを設置した斜視図である。
【図１４】ドアクローザーの作用を説明する断面図で、（ａ）がドア全閉時、（ｂ）がドア開閉途中、（ｃ）がドア全開時を示す。
【図１５】ドアの開閉状態を示す平面説明図である。
【図１６】従来例を示す概略斜視図である。
【図１７】従来例を示す要部断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ドアクローザー
２外筒
３オイルダンパー
３ａオイルダンパー本体
４ピストンロッド
６ドア取付金具
１１調整筒
１１ａ調整筒の底部
１２引張ばね
１２ａ圧縮ばね
１３螺軸
１４可動板
１５ストッパ
１６取付金具
１７凹部
２０圧縮ばね
２１ピストン
２２ピストン部
２５流路
２６ストッパ
２８弁体
３０大径部（流体圧解放手段）
３１ばね
３２解放流路
３４突起（流体圧解放手段）
４０ピストン収納室
４０ａピストン収納室の一方の室
４０ｂピストン収納室の他方の室[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to a door closer that is slowly closed without an impact when the door is closed after being attached to a door of an entrance / exit, and is surely fully closed at the closing end.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  A conventional door closer attempts to loosen a link that is moved by a rack and a pinion when the door is opened and closed by a piston provided with an orifice. One example thereof will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view of a conventional example, and FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the conventional example. The door closer 51 is attached to the door 101 as shown in FIG. 16, and is linked to the upper frame 102 of the door entrance / exit part.59It is connected with. The door closer 51 has a main body.52A rack 55 is formed on the side wall of the cylindrical piston 53 accommodated in the rack 55, a pinion 56 is engaged with the rack 55, and the shaft of the pinion 56 is connected to one end of the link 52. A spring 54 is provided to bias the door in the closing direction. When the door is opened and closed, the pinion 56 rotates in the forward and reverse directions, so that the piston 53 advances and retreats. By the opening and closing of the communication hole 57 and the stop means 58, the open state of the door is maintained and the door is gently closed. is there.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  As described above, since the conventional door closer includes a rack, a pinion, a link, and the like, there is a problem that the structure is complicated and the manufacturing is troublesome and expensive. Moreover, since the link is present at a position where the link can be seen, the aesthetics of the room are impaired, which is not preferable.
  The present invention has been proposed in view of such conventional problems, and its purpose is to propose a novel and simple structure in which a complicated structure is simplified without the need for a rack, pinion, link, and the like. At the same time, it intends to provide an inexpensive door closer.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve the above object, a door closer according to a first aspect of the present invention is a door closer in which an oil damper main body side is attached to one side and a piston rod side of an oil damper is attached to the other at an appropriate position around a doorway and a door. Because
The main body of the oil damper is housed in the adjustment cylinder and screwed together to move integrally. The adjustment cylinder can be advanced and retracted by forward and backward rotation of the adjustment cylinder or the oil damper main body by the screw connection. The damper is provided with a spring for urging the door in the closing direction between the adjustment cylinder and the piston rod, and the spring force of the spring is adjusted by the forward / backward movement of the adjustment cylinder or the oil damper main body. Can be adjusted,
  The piston of the oil damper has a flow path communicating from one chamber of the piston storage chamber defined by the piston to the other chamber. The piston moves in the vicinity of the flow path of the piston and opens the door. There is a valve body that can be adjusted to ensure a large flow path cross-sectional area when moving in the direction, and a small flow path cross-sectional area when moving in the closing direction of the door. At the closing end, fluid pressure release means is provided to discharge the fluid in one chamber of the piston storage chamber to the chamber opposite to the piston moving side at once, and the oil damper has a piston and the door is attached in the closing direction. It is characterized in that a spring is provided.
[0005]
  In the door closer according to claim 2 of the present invention, the piston is formed such that one end side is a piston portion, the other end side is a valve body locking portion having a flow path on the outer peripheral surface, and the center is a small diameter shaft portion. Has a flow path formed closer to the center than the flow path of the valve body locking part, and the valve body is formed with a smaller diameter than the flow path position formed on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body locking part. The flow path cross-sectional area of the piston part is attached to the part so that the size can be adjusted.
[0006]
  Thus, when opening the door, the fluid pressure (hydraulic pressure) of the oil damper does not act and can be opened against the spring, and when closing the door, it is closed by the spring force of the spring, but the fluid of the oil damper It closes gently by the action of pressure, and the action of fluid pressure is released at the end of the closing and can be fully closed reliably.Further, the spring force of the spring can be adjusted by advancing and retracting the adjustment cylinder.
[0007]
  In the door closer according to claim 3 of the present invention, when the valve body moves in the direction of closing the flow passage of the piston portion in the small diameter shaft portion, a gap is formed between the opening and the flow passage opening. A stopper is provided.
  This makes the discIsA gap is formed between the channel openingShiCan be stopped, the cross-sectional area of the flow path can be kept small, and the door can be closed gently.
[0008]
  In the door closer according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the fluid pressure releasing means of the oil damper is such that the piston housing chamber inner surface at the closed end of the door is formed in a large diameter portion, and the piston is located at the large diameter portion. A flow path is formed between the outer peripheral surface and the piston storage chamber inner surface, and fluid in one chamber of the piston storage chamber flows out into the chamber opposite to the piston moving side at once.
  As a result, the fluid pressure can be released at a stroke at the door closing end, and can be fully closed with the force of the spring.
[0009]
  In the door closer according to claim 5 of the present invention, the piston is formed such that one end side is a piston portion, the other end side is a valve body locking portion having a flow path on the outer peripheral surface, and the center is a small diameter shaft portion. Has a flow path formed closer to the center than the flow path of the valve body locking part, and the valve body is formed with a smaller diameter than the flow path position formed on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body locking part. The flow passage cross-sectional area of the piston portion is attached to the portion so that the size of the piston portion can be adjusted, and a release passage that penetrates the piston and is not affected by the valve body is formed. This piston is fixed at the base end of the piston rod. It is mounted so as to be movable in the axial direction in the range, and this piston is pressed against the housing by a compression spring, and normally the release flow passage penetrating the piston is closed with the housing.
  The fluid pressure releasing means is configured by providing a protrusion that contacts the piston at the door closing end position of the piston storage chamber, and the piston contacts the protrusion at the door closing end and is moved against the compression spring. It is characterized by releasing a release channel that is spaced apart from the body and penetrates the piston.
  Thus, when opening the door, the fluid pressure of the oil damper does not act, it can open against the spring, and when closing the door, it is closed by the spring force of the spring, but gently by the action of the fluid pressure When the door is closed and the door is closed, the action of the fluid pressure is released at once and can be fully closed.
[0010]
  In the door closer according to claim 6 of the present invention, one of the fittings of the door closer has a movable plate that is rotatable about the pivot, and the movable plate holds the fully opened position at the rotated door fully opened position. With a stopper, the door damper's oil damper body side or piston rod side is attached to this movable plate and rotates forward and backward via the oil damper when the door opens and closes, removing external force when the door is fully open The position is held.
  Further, in the door closer according to claim 7 of the present invention, the stopper of the movable plate has a stop ball in which the movable plate is pressed against the plate surface of the mounting bracket by a compression spring. A recess is provided at the door fully open position on the track of the stop ball that rotates together with the movable plate, and the stop ball is immersed in the recess at the door fully open position to hold the door fully open position.
  Thereby, the door can be stopped in the fully opened state and maintained in the released state.
[0011]
  The door closer according to claim 8 of the present invention isA door closer in which the oil damper main body side is attached to one side and the piston rod side of the oil damper is attached to the other side at a suitable place around the doorway and the door to which the door is attached,
The piston of the oil damper has a flow path communicating from one chamber of the piston storage chamber defined by the piston to the other chamber. The piston moves in the vicinity of the flow path of the piston and opens the door. There is a valve body that can be adjusted to ensure a large flow path cross-sectional area when moving in the direction, and a small flow path cross-sectional area when moving in the closing direction of the door. At the closing end, fluid pressure release means is provided to discharge the fluid in one chamber of the piston storage chamber to the chamber opposite to the piston moving side at once, and the oil damper has a piston and the door is attached in the closing direction. A spring is provided,
  The piston has a valve body locking portion having a piston portion at one end and a flow passage on the outer peripheral surface at the other end, and a small diameter shaft portion at the center, and the piston portion is closer to the center than the flow passage of the valve body locking portion. The valve body is formed with a smaller diameter than the position of the flow path formed on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body locking portion, and this valve body can adjust the flow passage cross-sectional area of the piston portion on the small diameter shaft portion. And a release passage that is not affected by the valve body is formed through the piston, and this piston is attached to the proximal end of the piston rod so as to be movable in the axial direction within a certain range. Is pressed against the housing by a compression spring, and normally the release flow path penetrating the piston is closed by the housing.
  The fluid pressure releasing means is configured by providing a protrusion that contacts the piston at the door closing end position of the piston storage chamber, and the piston contacts the protrusion at the door closing end and is moved against the compression spring. It is characterized by releasing a release channel that is spaced apart from the body and penetrates the piston.
  As a result, when the door is opened, the fluid pressure of the oil damper does not act, and it can be opened against the spring.When the door is closed, it is closed by the spring force of the spring, but it is loosened by the action of the fluid pressure body. When the door is closed and the door is closed, the action of the fluid pressure is released at once and can be fully closed.
[0012]
  Furthermore, in the door closer according to claim 9 of the present invention, the end of the piston rod is formed in a threaded portion, and this threaded portion is screwed and attached to the shaft of the door mounting bracket. The piston rod can be advanced and retracted when the closer is attached.
  This allows the piston rod to move forward and backward by adjusting the screw connection when mounting to the door mounting bracket. Since the piston rod can be adjusted, the piston position can be adjusted to a predetermined position by the advance / retreat adjustment of the piston rod.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a door closer showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the door closer showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a sectional front view of the mounting bracket, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the piston in the door opening direction, FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the piston in the door closing direction, and FIG. 7 is the door opening direction from the fully closed state of the door. FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the piston when the door is completely closed.
[0014]
  In the figure, a door closer 1 is composed of an oil damper 3 housed in an outer cylinder 2, and the main body 3a side of the oil damper 3 is on one side and an oil is on the other side at an appropriate place around the entrance / exit portion for attaching the door. The piston rod 4 side of the damper 3 is attached. In this embodiment, the main body 3a side of the oil damper 3 is attached to an appropriate place around the entrance / exit part, and the piston rod 4 side of the oil damper 3 is attached to the door.
[0015]
  An opening on one end side of the outer cylinder 2 in which the oil damper 3 is accommodated is closed by a closing member 9 having a spring mounting portion 9a provided on the inner side thereof, fixed by a pin 10, and closed. The rod 4 passes through the closing member 9 and goes out. The protruding end of the piston rod 4 is a threaded portion 5.
  The door mounting bracket 6 attached to the door is formed with rising bearing plates 6a and 6a parallel to the mounting portion, and a shaft 7 is rotatably provided between the bearing plates 6a and 6a and is prevented from being detached by an E-ring 8. ing. The piston rod 4 is attached by screwing the screw portion 5 that has come out to the shaft 7 of the door mounting bracket 6 from the orthogonal direction.
  Accordingly, the piston rod 4 can be advanced and retracted by adjusting the screw connection of the piston rod 4, and the piston 21 can be adjusted to a predetermined position by adjusting the piston rod 4 when the door closer is attached. For example, if the position of the piston 21 is deviated, the fluid pressure releasing means described later does not act when the door is fully closed, causing a malfunction in the door opening / closing operation. In such a case, the position of the piston 21 can be adjusted to a correct predetermined position by adjusting the forward / backward movement of the piston rod 4.
[0016]
  From the other opening of the outer cylinder 2, an adjustment cylinder 11 with a bottom 11a is movably inserted into the outer cylinder 2, and the other opening of the outer cylinder 2 is also closed by the adjustment cylinder 11. At this time, the main body 3 a of the oil damper 3 is also accommodated in the adjustment cylinder 11, so that the outer cylinder 2, the adjustment cylinder 11, and the main body 3 a of the oil damper 3 have a triple structure. And between the front-end | tip of the said adjustment cylinder 11 and the obstruction | occlusion member 9 of the outer cylinder 2, the spring 12 which makes the piston 21 (after-mentioned) of the oil damper 3 and urges | bias a door in the obstruction | occlusion direction is stretched. One end of the spring 12 is attached to the spring attachment portion 9 a of the closing member 9, and the other end is attached to the tip of the adjustment cylinder 11.
[0017]
  A screw shaft 13 is provided at the bottom of the main body 3 a of the oil damper 3 and passes through the bottom 11 a of the adjustment cylinder 11 so as to go out. The screw shaft 13 and the bottom 11a of the adjustment cylinder 11 are screwed together. Therefore, the adjustment cylinder 11 moves forward and backward by rotating the screw shaft 13 or the adjustment cylinder 11 in the forward and reverse directions, so that the biasing force of the spring 12 can be adjusted. When the screw shaft 13 attached to the bottom of the main body 3a of the oil damper 3 and the bottom 11a of the adjusting cylinder 11 are screwed together, the main body 3a and the adjusting cylinder 11 of the oil damper 3 are movable together.(Advance and retreat)Will do.
[0018]
  The mounting bracket 16 that is attached to the appropriate place around the doorway for attaching the door is formed by bending an attachment piece 16b and a movable plate attachment piece 16a to the appropriate place around the door, and the movable plate attachment piece 16a is movable. A plate 14 is rotatably mounted on a pivot 18. The movable plate 14 is L-shaped, and a stopper 15 is provided on the piece 14b. The piece 14a is attached to the bottom of the main body 3a of the oil damper 3 and penetrates the bottom 11a of the adjustment cylinder 11. The screw shaft 13 that has gone out is attached. Thus, one side of the door closer 1 is attached around the entrance / exit part.
[0019]
  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the stopper 15 is provided with a stop ball 19 pressed against the plate surface of the movable plate mounting piece 16 a of the mounting bracket 16 by a compression spring 20 stored in the storage cylinder 15 a. A recess 17 is formed on the track of a stop ball 19 that rotates with the movable plate 14 of the movable plate mounting piece 16a. Therefore, since the stop ball 19 rotated together with the movable plate 14 is pressed by the compression spring 20, when the stop ball 19 comes to the position of the concave portion 17, it can enter the concave portion 17 to stop the rotation of the movable plate 14 and hold the position. The position of the concave portion 17 is a position where the door is fully opened. When the door is fully opened, the stop ball 19 enters the concave portion 17 and the rotation of the movable plate 14 is stopped, so that the door is kept fully open. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, since the tip end of the screw shaft 13 attached to the bottom of the oil damper main body 3a is fixed to the movable plate 14, the movable plate 14 is attached to the oil damper 3 as the door is opened and closed. Rotate forward and backward with extension and shortening. Therefore, if the position of the concave portion 17 is set to the position when the door is fully opened on the track of the stop ball 19 that rotates together with the movable plate 14, the door is stopped at this position, and the stop force urges the door in the closing direction. Since this is larger than the tension force (biasing force) of the spring 12, the position (the door is fully opened) is maintained.
[0020]
  5 and 6, the piston 21 of the oil damper 3 has a flow path 25 that communicates from one chamber 40a of the piston housing chamber 40 defined by the piston 21 to the other chamber 40b. 21 near the flow path 25 is moved by the movement of the piston, ensuring a large cross-sectional area of the flow path 25 when the door is moved in the opening direction, and reducing the cross-sectional area of the flow path 25 when the door is moved in the closing direction. An adjustable valve body 28 is present.
[0021]
  In this embodiment, the piston 21 has a piston portion 22 at one end, a valve body locking portion 23 at the other end, and a small diameter shaft portion 24 at the center. A flow path 27 is formed in the other piston portion 22, and a flow path 25 is formed closer to the center than the flow path 27. The valve body 28 has a smaller diameter than the position of the flow path 27 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body locking portion 23, and the valve body 28 is mounted on the small diameter shaft portion 24 so as to be freely movable. The small-diameter shaft portion 24 is provided with a stopper 26 that forms a gap with the opening of the flow path 25 and stops when the valve element 28 moves in the direction of closing the flow path 25. In this example, it is formed of a stepped portion. The piston 21 is inserted into a shaft portion 4c formed at the base end of the piston rod 4, and is fixed by a step portion 4a and a housing 4b.
[0022]
  Accordingly, when the door is moved in the opening direction, as shown in FIG. 5, the piston 21 is pulled by the piston rod 4 and tries to move in the direction of arrow A, so that the fluid pressure (hydraulic pressure) is applied from the chamber 40a toward the chamber 40b. Therefore, the valve body 28 is pushed by this pressure, and the flow path 25 is fully opened to ensure a large cross-sectional area of the flow path 25. Further, in the movement in the closing direction of the door, as shown in FIG. 6, the piston 21 is pushed by the piston rod 4 and tries to move in the direction of arrow B. Therefore, the fluid pressure is applied from the chamber 40b toward the chamber 40a. The valve body 28 is pushed by the pressure and moves so as to close the flow path 25. However, the presence of the stopper 26 is stopped with a slight gap from the opening of the flow path 25, and the cross-sectional area of the flow path 25 is kept small. . Further, since the valve body 28 has a smaller diameter than the position of the flow path 27 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body locking portion 23, any movement does not affect the cross-sectional area of the flow path 27. In this way, the orifice can be adjusted.
[0023]
  Further, the oil damper 3 is a fluid that releases the fluid in one chamber 40b of the piston housing chamber 40 to the chamber 40a on the side opposite to the moving side of the piston 21 at a stroke at the closed end of the door as shown in FIGS. There is a pressure release means. Thereby, the action of the fluid pressure is eliminated at the closing end of the door, and the door is surely fully closed by the action of the spring 12.
[0024]
  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the fluid pressure releasing means is configured such that the inner surface of the piston housing chamber 40 at the closed end of the door is formed with a large diameter 30 as shown in FIGS. Therefore, when the door moves in the closing direction and reaches the closing end, the piston 21 reaches the large diameter portion 30 as shown in FIG. 8 and flows between the outer peripheral surface of the piston 21 and the inner surface of the piston storage chamber 40. A path is formed, and the fluid in one chamber 40b of the piston storage chamber 40 is released to the chamber 40a opposite to the piston 21 movement side at once. As a result, the fluid pressure is eliminated and the door is fully closed by the force of the spring 12. FIG. 7 shows a state of the piston 21 in the opening direction from when the door is fully closed. When the door is fully closed, fluid pressure does not act on the large-diameter portion 30, but when the door is opened as shown in FIG. 7, the piston 21 is pulled in the direction of arrow A by the piston rod 4, so the large diameter The piston part 22 of the piston 21 is moved slightly from the part 30 and slidably contacts the inner surface of the piston housing chamber 40, and fluid pressure acts, which acts in the same manner as shown in FIG.
[0025]
  FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the piston. The piston 21a is the same as the piston 21 except that the flow path 32 penetrating the piston 21a is provided closest to the center. In this example, the shaft portion 4c at the base end of the piston rod 4 is formed long, and the piston rod 4 is inserted into the shaft portion 4c so as to be movable between the step portion 4a and the housing 4b. It is always biased toward the housing 4b. Since the compression spring 31 has a spring force that does not move when the normal piston 21a moves, the compression spring 31 does not move when the piston 21a moves when the door is opened and closed, and the normal flow path 32 is closed by the housing 4b. Therefore, the piston 21a normally operates in the same manner as the piston 21 shown in FIGS.
[0026]
  FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing another embodiment of the fluid pressure releasing means. In this embodiment, the projection 34 is provided on the bottom surface of the closing member 33 that closes the end surface opening of the piston storage chamber 40. Therefore, if the piston 21a as shown in FIG. 9 is used, the piston 21a abuts against the protrusion 34 at the door closing end, so that the piston 21a is pushed and moves against the compression spring 31, and from the housing 4b. Separate. Thus, the flow path 32 is released, so that the fluid on the chamber 40b side can flow to the chamber 40a side at once, and the fluid pressure is released.
[0027]
  FIG. 11 is a partial sectional front view of a door closer showing another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment described above, the spring 12 that urges the door in the closing direction by using a piston is a tension spring, but this example is a case of a compression spring 12a. In this example, the spring mounting portion 9a is provided at the end of the main body 3a of the oil damper 3, and the compression spring 12a is provided between the spring mounting portion 9a and the bottom of the outer cylinder 2, and the door of the oil damper 3 is opened. The compression spring 12a is compressed by the movement in the direction, and is biased in the closing direction when the door is closed. In this example, there is no adjustment cylinder. Others are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0028]
  Thus, the door closer 1 configured as described above is installed between the door and an appropriate place around the door entrance as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. FIG. 12 is a front view of the door closer installed, and FIG. 13 is a perspective view thereof. 12 and 13, the mounting bracket 6 is fixed to the door 101 side, and the mounting bracket 16 is mounted to the upper frame 102 of the door entrance / exit portion.
[0029]
  Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIG. (A) is sectional explanatory drawing at the time of door fully closed, (b) is sectional explanatory drawing in the middle of door opening and closing, (c) is sectional explanatory drawing at the time of door full open.
  When the door is fully closed, the piston 21 is positioned at the large diameter portion 30 of the piston 21 as shown in FIG. 8, so that fluid pressure does not act, and the piston 21 is fully closed by the spring force of the spring 12.
  When the door 101 is opened from this state, the piston 21 is pulled by the piston rod 4 and the piston portion 22 of the piston 21 comes into sliding contact with the inner surface of the piston storage chamber 40 as shown in FIG. It becomes like this.
[0030]
  In the door opening direction, since the oil damper 3 is in the extending direction and the piston 21 moves in the direction of arrow A shown in FIG. 5, the fluid pressure is applied from the chamber 40a toward the chamber 40b. Is pushed, and the fluid pressure is fully opened to ensure a large channel cross-sectional area. Therefore, fluid pressure does not act on the door 101, and it only needs to be opened against the spring force of the spring 12. FIG. 14 (b) shows the door 101 being opened and closed, shows the state where the door closer has been extended halfway from FIG. 14 (a), and further opens the door 101, the door closer 1 as shown in FIG. 14 (c). Extends further and reaches the fully open state. Here, the door opening direction is the extending direction of the oil damper 3, and the door closing direction is the shortening direction of the oil damper 3.
[0031]
  At this time, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, since the tip end of the screw shaft 13 attached to the bottom of the oil damper main body 3a is fixed to the movable plate 14, the movable plate 14 moves along with the opening and closing of the door. Since it is pulled or pushed through, it rotates forward and backward. Therefore, when the door is fully opened, the stop ball 19 of the movable plate 14 is immersed in the concave portion 17 of the movable plate mounting piece 16a by the spring 20, so that the fully opened state is maintained even if the external force is released in this state.
[0032]
  Therefore, when a slight external force is applied to close the door, the stop ball 19 comes off from the recess 17 and the door 101 moves in the closing direction by the spring force of the spring 12. In the movement of the door in the closing direction, the oil damper 3 is in the shortening direction, so that the piston 21 is pushed by the piston rod 4 and moves in the direction of arrow B as shown in FIG. This pressure is applied toward the chamber 40a, and the valve body 28 is pushed by this pressure and moves so as to close the flow path 25. However, the presence of the stopper 26 stops the flow path 25 with a slight gap from the opening. The cross-sectional area of 25 is kept small. Therefore, the piston 21 moves slowly even when the spring force of the spring 12 acts, and as a result, the door 101 closes gently.
[0033]
  However, when the door 101 comes to the closed end, the oil damper 3 is provided with fluid pressure releasing means, so that the fluid pressure in the chamber 40b flows out into the chamber 40a opposite to the moving side of the piston 21 at once. Since the fluid pressure is released, the door 101 is fully closed by the spring force of the spring 12. That is, when the piston 21 comes to the large diameter portion 30 of the piston housing chamber 40 at the closing end of the door 101, a flow path is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the piston 21 and the inner surface of the piston housing chamber 40. The fluid in one of the chambers 40b is released to the chamber 40a opposite to the moving side of the piston 21 at once. Thereby, the action of the fluid pressure on the piston 21 is eliminated, and the door 101 is surely fully closed by the force of the spring 12.
[0034]
  Similarly, in the fluid pressure release means shown in FIG. 10, the piston 21 a comes into contact with the protrusion 34 of the piston storage chamber 40 at the closed end of the door 101 and fully opens the flow path 32, so that one chamber 40 b of the piston storage chamber 40 is opened. The fluid is released at once into the chamber 40a opposite to the moving side of the piston 21a, thereby eliminating the action of the fluid pressure on the piston 21a, and the door 101 is reliably fully closed by the force of the spring 12.
  Also, the embodiment of FIG. 11 operates in the same manner as the above embodiment.
[0035]
  FIG. 15 is an explanatory plan view showing the open / closed state of the door, in which reference numeral (a) is the door fully closed state, the door closer 1 is in the state of FIG. 14 (a), and (b) is in the middle of the door opening. The door closer 1 is in the state of FIG. 14B, FIG. 14C is in the fully open state of the door, and the door closer 1 is in the state of FIG.
[0036]
  The above embodiment does not limit the present invention, and the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the gist.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
  As described in detail above, the door closer according to the present invention has the following effects.
  (1) When the door is fully opened, the door automatically stops and maintains the open state. When the door is closed, the door is released when a small force is applied to the door in the closing direction. However, the oil damper closes gently, and at the end of the closing, the fluid pressure is released at once, and it is completely closed.
  (2) Since the spring force of the spring urging the door in the closing direction can be adjusted, the door can be opened and closed properly and smoothly.
[0038]
  (3) When the door closer is attached, the piston rod can be advanced or retracted by adjusting the screw connection, whereby the piston position can be adjusted to a predetermined position.
[0039]
  (4) It does not have a complicated structure such as a rack, pinion and link as in the prior art, and because of its simple structure, the number of parts is small, manufacturing is easy, and it can be provided at low cost.
  (5) Since the link is not provided, the link can be seen from the outside after mounting as in the conventional case, and the appearance is not impaired.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a door closer showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a door closer showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional front view of the mounting bracket.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a stopper provided on the movable plate of the mounting bracket.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the piston when the door is open.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a piston in a door closing direction.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the piston immediately after going from the door fully closed state to the opening direction.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the piston when the door is completely closed.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the piston.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing another embodiment of the fluid pressure releasing means.
FIG. 11 is a partially sectional front view of a door closer showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a front view in which a door closer is installed.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view in which a door closer is installed.
FIGS. 14A and 14B are cross-sectional views for explaining the operation of the door closer, in which FIG. 14A shows when the door is fully closed, FIG. 14B shows when the door is being opened and closed, and FIG. 14C shows when the door is fully open.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory plan view showing the open / closed state of the door.
FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view showing a conventional example.
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Door closer
2 outer cylinder
3 Oil damper
3a Oil damper body
4 Piston rod
6 Door mounting bracket
11 Adjustment cylinder
11a Bottom of adjustment cylinder
12 Tension spring
12a Compression spring
13 Screw shaft
14 Movable plate
15 Stopper
16 Mounting bracket
17 recess
20 Compression spring
21 piston
22 Piston part
25 flow path
26 Stopper
28 Disc
30 Large diameter part (fluid pressure release means)
31 Spring
32 Release channel
34 Protrusion (fluid pressure release means)
40 Piston storage room
40a One chamber of piston storage chamber
40b The other chamber of the piston storage chamber

Claims

A door closer in which the oil damper main body side is attached to one side and the piston rod side of the oil damper is attached to the other side at a suitable place around the doorway and the door to which the door is attached,
The main body of the oil damper is housed in the adjustment cylinder and screwed together to move integrally. The adjustment cylinder can be advanced and retracted by forward and backward rotation of the adjustment cylinder or the oil damper main body by the screw connection. The damper is provided with a spring for urging the door in the closing direction between the adjustment cylinder and the piston rod, and the spring force of the spring is adjusted by the forward / backward movement of the adjustment cylinder or the oil damper main body. Can be adjusted,
The piston of the oil damper has a flow path communicating from one chamber of the piston storage chamber defined by the piston to the other chamber. The piston moves in the vicinity of the flow path of the piston and opens the door. There is a valve body that can be adjusted to ensure a large flow path cross-sectional area when moving in the direction, and a small flow path cross-sectional area when moving in the closing direction of the door. A door closer characterized in that a fluid pressure releasing means is provided for discharging the fluid in one chamber of the piston housing chamber to the chamber on the opposite side to the piston moving side at the closing end.

The piston is formed with a piston part on one end side, a valve body locking part having a flow path on the outer peripheral surface on the other end side, and a central part formed on a small-diameter shaft part. A flow path is formed closer to the valve body, and the valve body is formed with a smaller diameter than the flow path position formed on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body locking part. The door closer according to claim 1, wherein the door closer is mounted.

The small-diameter shaft part is provided with a stopper that forms a gap between the valve body and stops when the valve body moves in a direction to close the flow path of the piston part. 2. The door closer according to 2.

The fluid pressure releasing means of the oil damper has a piston storage chamber inner surface at the closed end of the door formed in a large diameter portion, and when the piston is positioned at the large diameter portion, a flow path is formed between the piston outer peripheral surface and the piston storage chamber inner surface. The door closer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a fluid in one chamber of the piston storage chamber is discharged at a stroke into a chamber opposite to the piston moving side.

The piston has a valve body locking portion having a piston portion at one end and a flow passage on the outer peripheral surface at the other end, and a small diameter shaft portion at the center, and the piston portion is closer to the center than the flow passage of the valve body locking portion. The valve body is formed with a smaller diameter than the position of the flow path formed on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body locking portion, and this valve body can adjust the flow passage cross-sectional area of the piston portion on the small diameter shaft portion. And a release passage that is not affected by the valve body is formed through the piston, and this piston is attached to the proximal end of the piston rod so as to be movable in the axial direction within a certain range. Is pressed against the housing by a compression spring, and normally the release flow path penetrating the piston is closed by the housing.
The fluid pressure releasing means is configured by providing a protrusion that contacts the piston at the door closing end position of the piston storage chamber, and the piston contacts the protrusion at the door closing end and is moved against the compression spring. The door closer according to claim 1, wherein the door closer is separated from the body and releases the release passage penetrating the piston.

One mounting bracket of the door closer has a movable plate that can rotate around the pivot, and this movable plate is provided with a stopper that holds the fully opened position at the rotated door fully opened position, or the door damper oil damper main body side or The piston rod side is attached to the movable plate, rotates in the forward and reverse directions through an oil damper when the door is opened and closed, and holds the position when the external force is removed when the door is fully open. The door closer according to any one of 5.

The stopper of the movable plate has a stop ball that is pressed against the plate surface of the mounting bracket by a compression spring, and the plate surface of the mounting bracket is on the track of the stop ball that rotates together with the movable plate. The door closer according to claim 6, wherein a recess is provided at the door fully open position, and the stop ball is immersed in the recess at the door fully open position to hold the door fully open position.

A door closer in which the oil damper main body side is attached to one side and the piston rod side of the oil damper is attached to the other side at a suitable place around the doorway and the door to which the door is attached,
  The piston of the oil damper has a flow path communicating from one chamber of the piston storage chamber defined by the piston to the other chamber. The piston moves in the vicinity of the flow path of the piston and opens the door. There is a valve body that can be adjusted to ensure a large flow path cross-sectional area when moving in the direction, and a small flow path cross-sectional area when moving in the closing direction of the door. At the closing end, fluid pressure release means is provided to discharge the fluid in one chamber of the piston storage chamber to the chamber opposite to the piston moving side at once, and the oil damper has a piston and the door is attached in the closing direction. A spring is provided,
  The piston has a valve body locking portion having a piston portion at one end and a flow passage on the outer peripheral surface at the other end, and a small diameter shaft portion at the center, and the piston portion is closer to the center than the flow passage of the valve body locking portion. The valve body is formed with a smaller diameter than the position of the flow path formed on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body locking portion, and this valve body can adjust the flow passage cross-sectional area of the piston portion on the small diameter shaft portion. And a release passage that is not affected by the valve body is formed through the piston, and this piston is attached to the proximal end of the piston rod so as to be movable in the axial direction within a certain range. Is pressed against the housing by a compression spring and normally the release flow path penetrating the piston is closed by the housing.
  The fluid pressure releasing means is configured by providing a protrusion that contacts the piston at the door closing end position of the piston storage chamber, and the piston contacts the protrusion at the door closing end and is moved against the compression spring. A door closer characterized by releasing a release passage that is spaced apart from the body and penetrates the piston.

The end of the piston rod is formed as a threaded portion, and this threaded portion is screwed and attached to the shaft of the door mounting bracket. By adjusting this screw connection, the piston rod can be advanced and retracted when the door closer is installed. The door closer according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the door closer is provided.