JP3765538B2 - Electrostatic spraying equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electrostatic spraying device that charges a fine pesticide and efficiently sprays the pesticide using an electrostatic field generated between a high voltage electrode and a crop.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a conventional agrochemical spraying method, there is a power spreader in which a liquid medicine tank, a generator, and the like are mounted on a tractor or the like, and a liquid or powdered pesticide is sprayed in a mist form using the power of a small engine. In this power spraying method, agricultural chemicals move to and adhere to crops mainly by kinetic energy given to powder or liquid fine particles ejected from a sprayer such as an injector, transport force by gravity air, and gravity.
[0003]
However, in the power spreader described above, since the pesticide sprayed from the spray nozzle depends on its initial speed and the direction of spraying, many of them are diffused in the atmosphere and soil without adhering to the crop, Not only was the amount of pesticide consumption excessive, but also the amount of application became uneven, making it very difficult to attach it to the backside of leaves and bushes of crops.
[0004]
From such a point of view, it is well known that electrostatic spraying methods have been used in which agricultural chemicals are efficiently attached to the entire crop by applying high-voltage static electricity to spraying fine particles of spraying agricultural chemicals. In addition, it is said that the suction force for adhering spray particles is equivalent to 40 times the gravity due to the electrostatic charging action, and is the most useful means for maximizing the effect of the foliar spray.
[0005]
According to the electrostatic spraying method described above, the spray particles sprayed from the spray nozzle are charged with static electricity, so that the mist particles can obtain an electrodeposition effect of about 20 μm or more, and compared with the conventional power spraying method, the crop In this way, there is no unevenness in the spraying of agricultural chemicals, and it can be efficiently attached to the entire crop.
[0006]
However, the conventional apparatus and method have the following drawbacks.
[0007]
In the conventional electrostatic spraying method, compressed air is sprayed in the horizontal direction from the tip of the air nozzle of the spray head. Therefore, in addition to low arrival rate and adherence rate to target plants such as in bushes, fog particles are about 20 μm. (20 mm / 1,000 mm) to 40 μ (40 / 1,000 mm), for example, when used in an environment such as a glass house with a high room temperature, the particles become coarse as the temperature changes. , Soared into the atmosphere or dropped into the soil. As a result, since the electrodeposition rate becomes unstable, there has been a problem that unevenness of spraying occurs and the crops become itchy.
In addition, the above-mentioned problems make it difficult to electrodeposit bushes in crops, resulting in poor working efficiency and excessive pesticide consumption.
In view of these problems, the present invention reduces the amount of spray solution lost or diffused into the atmosphere, can reduce the amount of pesticide to be used, and can reduce the working time. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrostatic spraying device that eliminates uneven spraying due to temperature differences even under such high temperature conditions, and has an extremely high arrival rate and adhesion rate of spray particles to a target crop.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of claim 1 includes a discharge electrode portion that excites a high-voltage electrostatic discharge band generated by an annular discharge electrode to charge static electricity, and a spray head that sprays liquid drug fine particles at an appropriate high pressure through the discharge electrode portion. In the electrostatic spraying apparatus , the groove for guiding the liquid drug fine particles ejected from the spray head in a spiral shape is formed by cutting at the tip of the pressure valve of the spray nozzle constituting the spray head, and the annular discharge electrode portion is Surrounded by an electric field relaxation member whose voltage is substantially the same when a high voltage is supplied from a DC high voltage generator, a sharp needle-like or protruding electrode is appropriately formed through the electric field relaxation member in the discharge electrode portion . Is.
[0009]
According to the configuration of the first aspect, the compressed air ejected from the spray nozzle is ejected spirally from the spray nozzle by passing through the groove, and can be sprayed so as to entrain the liquid medicine fine particles. Further, by preventing spark discharge due to electric field concentration in the discharge electrode portion by means of an electric field relaxation member whose voltage is substantially the same when a high voltage is supplied, an electrode from a high voltage (about 30 KV) to a low voltage (about 1 to 2 KV) is obtained. The applied voltage between them can be stably supplied over a wide range, and a high electrodeposition force in the electrostatic band can be obtained by forming needle-like or protruding electrodes.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a hand-held electrostatic spraying device showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a pressure valve tip of a spray head portion of the electrostatic spraying device , and FIG. 3 is a side view of the same. 4 is a plan view showing the needle-like electrode portion of the spray head, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the spray head main body, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of one embodiment of the electrostatic spray device according to the present invention. It is.
[0011]
The structure of each part is demonstrated based on these figures. The electrostatic spray device of one embodiment shown in FIG. 1 has a hand-held spray gun type. A base end portion 1 that is a holding portion, a trigger 2 that sprays liquid medicine and manipulates the flow rate, and includes a spray head 4 that is disposed at the tip by a tubular support 5, and an exterior surface such as the spray head 4 is provided. The containing body portion is formed from a non-conductive material. For example, the non-conductive material is preferably formed of a plastic resin insulating material such as polypropylene, acrylic polycarbonate, or polyethylene, and the tubular support 5 is formed of an insulating light metal such as aluminum. In addition, the agricultural chemicals and liquid medicines used in the specification of the present application are not limited to agricultural chemicals sprayed on general agricultural crops, but include herbicidal, disinfecting, disinfecting, insecticidal, pest control agents and the like.
[0012]
Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. The user can arbitrarily adjust the increase / decrease of the spray amount by holding the base end portion 1 and the tubular support 5 and grasping the trigger 2 deeply in the direction of arrow a. A variable high voltage generator 3 is built in the upper surface of the base end 1. The variable high-voltage generator 3 is mounted with a type that boosts the battery voltage using a coil or capacitor that is normally used, and supplies an AC voltage from an external generator or the like from the metal wire 3b. One output terminal is connected to the annular discharge electrode 7 and the needle-like electrode portion 7a through the tubular support 5 from a voltage-supplied metal wire 13a. The other output terminal is connected to a ground metal wire 3a. Further, the spray particles are charged with static electricity by the charging action of the spray head 4 connected to the tip of the tubular support 5 and sprayed from the spray nozzle.
[0013]
Next, based on FIGS. 2-4, each part of the spray head 4 is demonstrated in detail. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a groove 10 </ b> A is formed by cutting the outer periphery of the tapered surface at the tip of the pressure valve 10. This groove 10A becomes a flow path of compressed air that is pumped by external power during the spraying operation, and passes convection through the nozzle tube 9 to the high-pressure liquid drug particles sprayed from the particle spray port 11 ′ of the nozzle tip portion 11. Spray while forming. In this embodiment, the groove 10A is formed at an angle of 30 ° to 60 °, and in this embodiment, inclined by about 45 °. Thus, by forming the groove 10A serving as a flow path for compressed air in an inclined manner, the high-pressure liquid drug fine particles sprayed from the fine particle spraying port 11 ′ of the nozzle tip 11 through the nozzle tube 9 are formed in the groove. It is guided spirally by 10A and sprayed from the spray port 11 ′.
[0014]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the fine liquid medicine sprayed from the fine particle spraying port 11 ′ is applied by the electrode portion 7a provided at the spraying outlet. The electrode portion 7a is a needle-like electrode portion as shown in the figure, and is provided with an annular discharge electrode portion 7 surrounded by an electric field relaxation member 15 so that the voltage becomes substantially the same potential when a high voltage is supplied. And an electrode cover of the insulating shroud 14 that prevents current leakage. In addition, the needle-like electrode portion described above may be provided with a sharp protrusion or edge instead of the shape of a needle or the like, or may be in the shape of a thin line or the like.
[0015]
With this configuration, it is possible to prevent spark discharge due to electric field concentration in the discharge electrode portion 7a. Further, the variable high voltage generator 3 operates to generate a high voltage discharge band between the nozzle tip 11 and the annular discharge electrode 7 serving as an electric field enhancing electrode. This applied voltage can be stably supplied in the range of high voltage (about 30 KV) to low voltage (about 1 to 2 KV), but in the electrostatic sprayer of the present invention, around 6 KV is appropriate and useful. .
[0016]
Further, the operation of the spray head shown in FIG. 5 will be described based on the above configuration. FIG. 5 corresponds to the one embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those of the embodiment, and the detailed description thereof is omitted. In use, when the variable high voltage generator 3 is actuated by the opening of the trigger 2 attached to the base end 1, the annular discharge electrode 7 and the needle electrode portion 7 a are connected by the voltage supply metal line 13 a. A high voltage is applied between them. Thereby, an electrostatic discharge zone can be excited and static electricity can be charged. The generated static electricity in the electrostatic band is attracted to the fine particle spray port 11 ′ at the tip of the spray nozzle 18 having a polarity opposite to that of the needle-like electrode portion 7 a, and the pump action is obtained by the generation of this electrostatic band, and the head Compressed air and liquid medicine are respectively supplied to the spray nozzle 18 from the gas channel 16 and the liquid channel 17 in the partial base 20. And since the spray particle sprayed from the spray nozzle 18 is charged with static electricity, high electrodeposition force and penetration force can be obtained.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 6, in this apparatus, compressed air and liquid medicine are supplied by a compressor 23 provided between a liquid medicine tank 22 and a power unit 24 such as a small engine. Furthermore, the output of the high-frequency generator 26 that supplies the voltage changes depending on the rotational speed of the rotating body, and the rotational speed is converted by the transmission rate of the rotational transmission rate adjusting machine 25, so It changes in proportion to the rotation speed. Therefore, the high-frequency generator 25 is driven by the power unit 24 that drives the compressor 23 to adjust the delivery amount of the liquid medicine, and by arbitrarily changing the transmission rate of the rotation transmission rate adjusting device 25, Appropriate power can be generated at the output of the high-frequency generator 26 to supply a desired voltage to the spray gun 21.
[0018]
As described above, in this embodiment, corresponding to claim 1, through the discharge electrode portion 7a, the discharge electrode portion 7a for exciting the high-voltage electrostatic discharge band generated by the annular discharge electrode 7 to charge the static electricity, and the discharge electrode portion 7a. In the electrostatic spraying device comprising the spray head 4 for spraying liquid drug fine particles at an appropriate high pressure, the liquid drug sprayed from the spray head 4 to the tip of the pressure valve 10 of the spray nozzle 18 constituting the spray head 4. A groove 10A for guiding fine particles in a spiral shape is formed by cutting, and the annular discharge electrode portion 7 is surrounded by an electric field relaxation member 15 whose voltage becomes substantially the same potential when a high voltage is supplied from the DC high voltage generator 3, and the electric field relaxation by was allowed appropriately forming a sharp needle-like or projection-like electrode to penetrate the member 15 the discharge electrode portions 7a, compressed air supplied to the spray head 4, pressure Bal In the process of being sent to the tip of 10, spraying while convection by the groove 10A formed in an inclined shape, in addition to improving the adhesion rate of the liquid drug fine particles, it is possible to obtain a high penetration force . Further, spark discharge due to electric field concentration of the discharge electrode portion 7a can be prevented, and a desired applied voltage can be stably supplied. By forming the sharp needle-like or protruding electrode portion 7a, fog The particles can be made to have a particle size of around 10 μm.
[0019]
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation is possible within the range of the summary of this invention. For example, it can be used not only for the hand-held spray gun type shown in one embodiment of the electrostatic spraying device of the present application but also for an automatic electrostatic spraying device or a large-scale agricultural chemical spraying device mounted on a tractor, a car or an airplane. is there.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
The invention of claim 1 includes a discharge electrode portion that excites a high-voltage electrostatic discharge band generated by an annular discharge electrode to charge static electricity, and a spray head that sprays liquid drug fine particles at an appropriate high pressure through the discharge electrode portion. In the electrostatic spraying apparatus , the groove for guiding the liquid drug fine particles ejected from the spray head in a spiral shape is formed by cutting at the tip of the pressure valve of the spray nozzle constituting the spray head, and the annular discharge electrode portion is Surrounded by an electric field relaxation member whose voltage is substantially the same when a high voltage is supplied from a DC high voltage generator, a sharp needle-like or protruding electrode is appropriately formed through the electric field relaxation member in the discharge electrode portion . It is an electrostatic spraying device, and it can be sprayed by twisting or convection of the penetrating force of compressed air into the air nozzle spray particles of the spray head. It becomes very high arrival rate and deposition rate of the target crop particles can be sprayed particles of pesticide deep into the crop bushes. Further, even in a high temperature situation such as a glass house, spraying can be performed with a particle size of about 10 μm, which is most likely to cause fine particles to adhere, so that uneven dispersion due to a temperature difference or the like can be reliably prevented. In addition, the amount of spray solution lost or scattered into the atmosphere is reduced, the amount of agricultural chemicals used can be drastically reduced, and the working time can be greatly shortened. Furthermore, since spray particles can be electrodeposited stably and effectively, the minimum necessary amount of pesticides can be attached to the crops that have been difficult to disperse after the flowering. It is possible to reliably prevent itchiness of leaf surfaces due to unevenness.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of an electrostatic spraying device showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a pressure valve tip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a pressure valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a needle electrode portion showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a spray head body showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment showing an example of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 DC High Voltage Generator 4 Spray Head 5 Tubular Support 7 Annular Discharge Electrode 7a Discharge Electrode Part 10 Pressure Valve 10A Forming Groove 15 Electric Field Relaxing Member 18 Spray Nozzle

Claims (1)

In an electrostatic spraying device comprising a discharge electrode part that excites a high-voltage electrostatic discharge band generated by an annular discharge electrode and charges static electricity, and a spray head that sprays liquid drug fine particles at an appropriate high pressure through the discharge electrode part, A groove for spirally guiding the liquid drug fine particles ejected from the spray head is formed at the tip of the pressure valve of the spray nozzle constituting the spray head, and the annular discharge electrode portion is higher than the DC high voltage generator. A static electricity is characterized in that a sharp needle-like or protruding electrode is appropriately formed in the discharge electrode portion that is surrounded by an electric field relaxation member whose voltage becomes substantially the same potential when voltage is supplied and penetrates the electric field relaxation member. Spraying equipment.

Images