JP3763568B2 - Seismic isolation system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Since the 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, the number of seismic isolation structures that suppresses the response acceleration of buildings in the event of a major earthquake and protects the entire structure, including not only the building itself but also its containment, is increasing. is there. The present invention relates to a seismic isolation system for relatively small seismic isolation buildings such as detached houses among seismic isolation structures.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When building a small-scale building such as a detached house or a small-scale store, the natural period cannot be extended with a large laminated rubber because the structure weight is small, and the plane dimension is small to extend the period. Although it becomes a thin and highly laminated rubber shape, it cannot ensure sufficient deformation performance.
[0003]
To solve this problem, the building weight is supported by a sliding or rolling bearing, and the restoring force and damping of a laminated rubber bearing (such as high damping rubber or laminated rubber with lead plugs) that does not support the weight. Have been put to practical use, or a method of converting the potential energy due to gravity into a restoring force by using the friction of the sliding surface as a damping and using the sliding surface or rolling surface as a curved surface.
[0004]
As described above, several methods have already been developed for seismic isolation of small and lightweight structures, but in reality, small-scale seismic isolation buildings are rarely used. It is.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The reason why small-scale seismic isolation buildings are not widespread is quite obvious, because the construction costs of seismic isolation buildings are higher than conventional seismic structures that do not employ seismic isolation structures. Of course, although the absolute amount is small compared to the cost up of large seismic isolation buildings, the total construction cost itself is small, so the increase ratio is very large, and the increase ratio that is usually around several percent for large buildings However, there are many cases where the detached house seismic isolation is well over 10% and the increase is over 20%.
[0006]
This cost increase has the following three factors. That is, (1) The design cost is high because the advanced structural design is performed as compared with the normal design. (2) The cost of seismic isolation equipment is added. (3) Since the foundation is doubled across the seismic isolation device, the foundation structure above and below the device is expensive.
[0007]
As a method of reducing the design cost of (1) above, a special approval examination by the Japan Building Center rating and the Minister of Construction was required in the past, but it can be processed by a general building confirmation application by amending the Building Standards Act. That became. In addition, as a method of reducing the actual design cost, efforts are being made to standardize buildings and seismic isolation systems and to omit or simplify individual designs in individual buildings.
[0008]
The most important issue in realizing cost reduction of a seismic isolation building is to reduce the cost required for the seismic isolation device of (2) above, and the problem of the present invention is to provide a low cost seismic isolation device. is there. However, in general, there is a tendency to compromise the seismic isolation performance (= seismic isolation effect and safety performance) itself in order to realize cost reduction. However, the present invention has an extremely high seismic isolation effect and safety performance. It provides a method that can realize a seismic system at an extremely low cost.
[0009]
In addition, the construction cost required for the double foundation frame above and below the seismic isolation device in (3) is also an important condition. To reduce the cost of this part, it is important to make the frame shape as simple as possible. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a seismic isolation system capable of simplifying the shape of the chassis.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As described in the above prior art, since the weight of the structure is small in a small building, the natural cycle cannot be extended with a large laminated rubber, and it becomes a small and thin laminated rubber shape to extend the cycle. Load bearing performance and deformation performance cannot be secured. In order to solve this problem, the building weight is supported by a sliding bearing or rolling bearing, and the restoring force and damping of laminated rubber bearings (such as high damping rubber and laminated rubber with lead plugs) that do not support weight. However, although it is a small-sized device, manufacturing a laminated rubber bearing requires complicated labor and quality control, so that it is still a high-cost device.
[0011]
Therefore, the basic policy of the present invention is not to use any laminated rubber bearings, and the following configuration is adopted as a seismic isolation system capable of realizing it.
<Configuration 1>
Support structure (hereinafter referred to as lower structure) that supports the ground or foundation structure or upper weight, and seismic isolation structure (hereinafter referred to as upper structure) supported so as to be relatively movable in the horizontal direction with respect to the lower structure. And a rolling bearing that is disposed between the upper structure and the lower structure and supports the weight of the upper structure, and is connected to the upper structure and the lower structure, and the weight of the structure A seismic isolation system characterized by a flat rubber plate that does not support
[0012]
<Configuration 2>
Placed between the upper structure and the lower structure, the lower structure that supports the ground or the foundation structure or the upper weight, the upper structure that is supported to be movable relative to the lower structure in the horizontal direction, and A sliding bearing for supporting the weight of the upper structure, and a flat rubber plate that has one end connected to the upper structure, the other end connected to the lower structure, and does not support the weight of the structure. Seismic isolation system characterized by
[0013]
<Configuration 3>
[0014]
<Configuration 4>
The seismic isolation structure system according to any one of Configurations 2 to 3, comprising a sliding support body whose upper and lower surfaces are lubricated surfaces, and a sliding plate disposed on the bottom surface of the upper structure and the upper surface of the lower structure. Seismic isolation system characterized by
[0015]
<Configuration 5>
In the seismic isolation system according to any one of Configurations 1 to 4, a flat rubber plate connecting the upper structure and the lower structure is installed at an inclination angle of 30 ° or less with respect to the horizontal plane. Seismic isolation system characterized by
[0016]
<Configuration 6>
In the seismic isolation structure system according to any one of Configurations 1 to 4, a flat rubber plate connecting the upper structure and the lower structure is inclined within 30 ° with respect to the horizontal plane in the vicinity of the connection point between the lower structure and the lower structure. At the corner, the flat rubber plate is attached in the vertical direction in the vicinity of the connection point with the upper structure, and the columnar member fixed to the lower structure is attached to the rubber plate attachment position on the upper structure. A seismic isolation system characterized by being placed in the immediate vicinity and circumscribing the rubber plate.
[0017]
<Configuration 7>
In the seismic isolation structure system according to any one of Configurations 1 to 4, one end of a flat rubber plate that connects the upper structure and the lower structure is attached in a substantially vertical direction in the vicinity of the connection point with the upper structure, The other end is attached to the lower structure, and a pair of columnar members fixed to the lower structure are arranged so as to sandwich the rubber plate in the vicinity immediately below the position where the rubber plate is attached to the upper structure. Seismic isolation system.
[0018]
<Configuration 8>
In the seismic isolation system according to any one of Configurations 1 to 7, a fixing hardware is attached to an end portion of a flat rubber plate, and a rubber inserted by a bolt inserted into a hole provided in the fixing hardware. A base-isolated structure system in which a plate is fixed to one or both of an upper structure and a lower structure.
[0019]
<Configuration 9>
In the seismic isolation structure system according to any one of configurations 1 to 7, a fixing columnar member is attached to an end of a flat rubber plate, and the columnar member is divided into an upper structure and a lower structure. A seismic isolation system characterized by being inserted into a cylindrical member fixed to one or both of the above and fixing a rubber plate to either one or both of the upper structure and the lower structure.
[0020]
<Configuration 10>
The seismic isolation structure system according to any one of configurations 1 to 8, wherein the flat rubber plate is made of cylindrical rubber.
[0021]
<Configuration 11>
6. The seismic isolation structure system according to any one of configurations 1 to 5, wherein one end of a flat rubber plate is fixed to a rolling bearing body or a sliding bearing body whose upper and lower surfaces are sliding surfaces, and the other end is an upper structure body. A seismic isolation system characterized in that it is fixed to either the lower structure or the lower structure.
[0022]
<Configuration 12>
12. The seismic isolation system according to any one of configurations 1 to 11, wherein two or more flat rubber plates for connecting the upper structure and the lower structure are provided.
[0023]
<Configuration 13>
It is a flat rubber plate that connects the upper structure and lower structure of a building, and a fixing hardware is attached to the end, and rubber is attached to one or both of the upper structure and the lower structure. A flat rubber plate characterized in that a hole for inserting a bolt for fixing the plate end portion is provided in the fixing hardware.
[0024]
<Configuration 14>
It is a flat rubber plate that connects the upper structure and the lower structure of a building, and is inserted into a cylindrical member fixed to one or both of the upper structure and the lower structure at its end. A flat rubber plate to which a cylindrical member is attached.
[0025]
<Configuration 15>
A flat rubber plate that connects the upper structure and lower structure of a building, and a rubber plate end fixing hardware is attached to a part fixed to one or both of the upper structure and the lower structure. A flat rubber plate characterized by being sandwiched.
[0026]
<Overview>
First, in the present invention, the first condition is that the weight of the seismic isolation structure (upper structure) is supported by either a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing, or a combination of the two, and the seismic isolation that bears the restoring force. Release the device from load bearing conditions. Secondly, the use of laminated rubber-based seismic isolation devices (natural rubber-based laminated rubber, high-damped laminated rubber, laminated rubber with lead plugs, etc.) as a seismic isolation device that bears restoring force and damping is denied.
[0027]
The present invention adopts a flat rubber plate as a method that can be supplied at the simplest and low cost and can provide a horizontal restoring force to the seismic isolation structure. The issues that must be demanded of this rubber plate are: (1) The ability to follow large horizontal deformations (at least 60 cm), (2) The ability to adjust the spring performance corresponding to the weight of the building, and (3) One rubber plate that is horizontal. It is possible to realize the same restoring force in two directions, (4) resistance force is generated in the horizontal direction as much as possible, vertical component of resistance force is as small as possible, and (5) residual deformation and creep deformation are small. It is an important condition.
[0028]
The handling method and advantages of the present invention for each of the above conditions are as follows. First, (1) ensure large horizontal deformation performance. In order to cope with the seismic intensity 7 recorded in the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in 1995, it is necessary to secure a damping constant of 20% or more and at least 60cm, and if possible, ensure horizontal deformation performance of 80cm or more. It is desirable to do. In order to ensure deformation performance of 80 cm or more with laminated rubber, the diameter of the laminated rubber is 120 cm or more. A large device with a total rubber layer height of 32 cm or more is required. In order to employ this large apparatus, a surface pressure of 100 kg / cm 2 requires a weight of 1000 tons or more per apparatus, and it cannot be employed in a detached house having a total weight of less than 100 tons.
[0029]
On the other hand, if the flat rubber plate of the present invention is employed and is arranged in a substantially horizontal direction, the horizontal deformation of 80 cm is secured assuming that the rubber elongation rate is suppressed to 200% to 250%. For this purpose, it is sufficient that the rubber plate has a length of about 32 cm to 40 cm. If the rubber plate is allowed to extend up to 300%, a large deformation of 96 cm to 120 cm can be allowed. In addition, since the elongation at break of rubber is 550% to 600% or more, the safety performance is still sufficiently secured. As described above, the rubber plate seismic isolation device of the present invention can very easily ensure a large deformation performance higher than that of a large laminated rubber. This is the first advantage of the present invention.
[0030]
Next, for the condition (2) that the spring performance can be adjusted in accordance with the building weight, the spring is determined by the rubber plate material (longitudinal elastic modulus E) and the rubber plate cross-sectional area A and length L. Since the constant is expressed by Ke = A · E / L, it can be freely adjusted by a combination of these three elements. In particular, with laminated rubber, it is difficult to handle when the building weight is small, but with the flat rubber plate of the present invention, deformation performance, spring constant and cycle can be set freely even when the burden weight is as small as 1 ton. be able to.
[0031]
(3) The ability to exert a resistance force in two horizontal directions, and (4) to increase the horizontal resistance force and reduce the vertical component can both be solved by the arrangement of the rubber plate. Further, in order to reduce the residual deformation and creep deformation of (5), a desirable result can be obtained by adopting natural rubber or the like as the rubber material rather than high damping rubber.
[0032]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings illustrating embodiments.
[0033]
FIG. 1 is a configuration example of a seismic isolation layer in a small-scale building such as a detached house targeted by the present invention. Fig. 1 (1) shows a cross-sectional configuration in the vicinity of the seismic isolation layer, and Fig. 1 (2) shows an arrangement example of the seismic isolation device. In this example, the weight of the entire building is supported by a spherical rolling bearing, and the restoring force and damping are supplied by a small laminated rubber (a laminated rubber with a lead plug or a high damping laminated rubber) that does not support the weight of the building. By releasing the small laminated rubber with high damping performance from the weight support function, it is possible to secure a large horizontal deformation performance even with a small and light structure. The circular plane of FIG. 1 (2) shows a circular formwork for fixing the laminated rubber, and the device is arranged as far as possible on the building plane to increase the torsional resistance of the seismic isolation layer.
[0034]
Although this seismic isolation system can secure a large horizontal deformation performance even with a lightweight structure, (1) although it is a small device, it employs a complicated and time-consuming device called laminated rubber, which avoids a considerable increase in cost. (2) When the deformation performance is increased, the shape of the laminated rubber becomes narrower. As a result, (3) the bending moment generated in the device fixing part increases, and the cross-sectional strength of the fixing member is increased due to the stress load. (4) Further, there is a problem that the pure shear deformation mode of the apparatus is broken, the bending deformation / tensile deformation mode becomes remarkable, and the restoring force characteristic is not stable.
[0035]
The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and employs a very simple and clear rubber plate in place of laminated rubber. FIG. 2 is an example of a seismic isolation layer configuration of configuration 1 in which the building weight is supported by a rolling bearing and a rubber leaf spring is employed as the restoring force device. In the basic configuration arrangement in which the upper and lower structures are linearly connected by rubber leaf springs, a resistance force is generated only at the time of expansion deformation, so that two bodies are arranged as a set. Since the frictional resistance of the rolling bearing is extremely small (μ≈0.001 to 0.005), in order to bear the damping, a high damping rubber is used for the rubber leaf spring or another damping device is added. The shape of the rubber plate is, for example, a flat plate shape as shown in FIG.
[0036]
The rubber shape used as the restoring force spring may theoretically be a string shape, but there is an important reason for making the shape into a flat rubber plate in the present invention. The spring performance of rubber can be adjusted by the three elements A, E, and L as described above, but a rubber cross-sectional area of a certain level is necessary to obtain an appropriate spring strength. As the rubber cross-sectional area increases, the diameter of the string increases, which exceeds the height of the rolling and sliding bearings, eliminating the originally intended laminated rubber and lowering the seismic isolation layer height. The aim to do is not achieved. Further, as will be described later with reference to configurations 6 and 7 and FIG. 9, a flat plate shape is effective for bending so that it can resist in two horizontal directions, and a string having a large diameter cross section cannot be bent. Also, as for the fixing method of the end portion, a thin flat plate is easier and more advantageous as shown in FIG.
[0037]
FIG. 3 shows a configuration 2 in which the building weight is supported by a sliding support body and a rubber leaf spring is combined with this. The yield strength of seismic isolation layers is usually considered to be around 5% of the building weight. When all the building weight is supported by a sliding support, if the sliding surface is made of a combination of solid lubricant such as PTFE (Teflon (registered trademark)) + stainless steel plate, the friction coefficient is usually about μ = 0.1 to 0.15. , Resistance becomes too high. Therefore, when it is desired to set a lower slip resistance, the slip bearing body having a low friction coefficient is adjusted in combination. Since the slip resistance exhibits the damping performance, no damping device other than the sliding bearing is required.
[0038]
FIG. 4 is an example of the seismic isolation layer configuration of Configuration 3 in which the building weight is supported by both the rolling bearing body and the sliding bearing body, and a rubber leaf spring is combined therewith. Since the horizontal resistance of rolling bearings is almost equal to zero, the yield strength (horizontal resistance) should be set to an arbitrary value as a seismic isolation layer by adjusting the weight ratio supported by the rolling bearings and sliding bearings. Can do. In FIG. 4, the yield strength (slip resistance) of Q = 0.5Wx0.1 = 0.05W is set by arranging sliding bearing bodies at the four corners of the building and supporting 50% of the building weight. In order to prevent the occurrence of torsional vibration, it is important that the sliding bearings and rubber leaf springs be arranged as far as possible from the center of the building and on the outside of the building plane to increase the torsion resistance. It is.
[0039]
Fig. 5 shows the structure of the seismic isolation device placed in the seismic isolation layer. Fig. 5 (1) shows a rolling bearing that supports the weight of the building, a sliding bearing and a laminated rubber bearing for restoring force. It is a section lineblock diagram of a seismic isolation layer in the case of. Because laminated rubber bearings are taller than other devices, other devices need to be placed on the foundation, which results in higher seismic isolation layers and more complicated seismic isolation housings. In addition, the cost increases.
[0040]
On the other hand, in FIG. 5 (2) of the present invention, since the rubber leaf springs are arranged almost horizontally, the seismic isolation layer height may be the minimum height required for the rolling bearing body or the sliding bearing body. Especially, as shown in Fig. 6 (1) and (2), by making the sliding plate of the rolling bearing body and the sliding bearing body the same surface as the concrete frame surface, the frame shape becomes a perfect flat plate shape (the simplest form) As a result, if a strong seismic motion input exceeding the design conditions is received, large deformation exceeding the design value can be followed without any problem, resulting in a seismically isolated structure system with potentially high safety. 6 (1) shows that when the sliding support body can be inserted and installed from above the upper concrete, FIG. 6 (2) shows that the sliding plates 61 are arranged above and below the sliding support body 62, so This is the case when sliding.
[0041]
FIG. 7 (1) shows a configuration in which the upper and lower surfaces shown in the configuration 4 are sliding surfaces. In the left side of the figure, the sliding support is a rigid body, and on the right side, the sliding support is a laminated rubber. When the applied horizontal force is equal to or less than the sliding friction, the laminated rubber body is deformed and the sliding starts when the sliding friction is reached.
[0042]
Configuration 5 defines the installation method of the rubber leaf spring that bears the restoring force. As shown in FIG. 7 (2), the rubber plate spring is attached as horizontally as possible so that the angle formed with the horizontal plane is θ ≦ 30 °. The installation conditions for rubber leaf springs are (1) installation angle, (2) mounting with a pin so that the rubber leaf spring does not bend, and balancing the planar arrangement to prevent torsional vibration. is there.
[0043]
The installation angle θ ≦ 30 ° of the rubber leaf spring is a simple but extremely important condition. FIG. 8 shows the physical meaning. 8 (1) shows the ratio of the resistance force To generated on the rubber plate depending on the installation angle to the horizontal resistance force TH, that is, the horizontal resistance efficiency = TH / To, and FIG. 8 (2) shows the rubber plate resistance force. It shows the ratio of the vertical component. When θ = 0 ° and the rubber plate is horizontally installed, the efficiency is 1.0, and no vertical resistance force is generated, which is an ideal arrangement. Conversely, when the rubber plate is installed vertically (θ = 90 °), it can be seen that most of the resistance acts in the vertical direction in a region where the horizontal deformation is small and does not function as the horizontal resistance. As can be seen from FIGS. 8 (1) and (2), it can be seen that, under the condition of θ ≦ 30 °, most of the rubber plate resistance force can be effectively applied as the horizontal resistance force, and the ratio of the vertical component can be suppressed small. FIG. 8 (3) shows the relationship between the horizontal resistance force and the horizontal displacement, and succeeded in setting the restoring force characteristic of the rubber leaf spring to “an almost perfect linear spring” under the condition of θ ≦ 30 °. ing.
[0044]
FIG. 9 shows a method of connecting rubber leaf springs connecting the upper structure and the lower structure. FIG. 9 (1) shows a “basic connection method” in which the upper and lower structures are simply linearly connected. When the rubber plate extends, a resistance force is generated, and when the rubber plate moves in the contracting direction, the rubber plate. Indicates that no resistance is generated. Therefore, when this basic connection method is adopted, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, as a two-to-one pair, one of the rubber plates always extends with respect to movement in both the left and right (or positive and negative) directions. Arrangement is the basic principle.
[0045]
On the other hand, Configuration 6 shows an arrangement method in which one rubber plate can exert an even resistance regardless of whether the relative movement of the upper and lower structures moves to the left or right (positive or negative). That is, as shown in FIG. 9 (2), a rubber plate is attached vertically downward near the upper structure, bent to a horizontal angle of 30 ° or less just below it, and a cylindrical member (lower structure) is fixed to the lower structure. To be fixed). Thus, the cylindrical member is circumscribed on one surface of the rubber plate. By this method, when the upper structure moves in the direction opposite to the lower structure fixed side, the rubber leaf spring simply stretches and deforms, and conversely when it moves to the fixed side, the rubber plate is centered on the cylindrical member. Can be bent, and similarly can exert a horizontal resistance.
[0046]
The configuration 7 is an extension of the configuration 6, and as shown in FIG. 9 (3), a cylindrical member so as to sandwich the rubber plate on both sides of the rubber plate directly below the upper structure fixing position of the rubber plate spring. By arranging, a horizontal resistance force can be effectively generated in the upper structure regardless of the fixing direction of the rubber leaf spring below it. Incidentally, the rubber plate of the connecting portion to the upper structure is in the vertical direction (θ = 90 °), but the presence of the cylindrical member immediately below it makes it different from θ = 90 ° in FIG. An extremely high value is ensured for the horizontal resistance efficiency. Further, by disposing the cylindrical members on both sides of the rubber plate, the rubber plate exhibits a high torsion resistance against the torsional displacement of the upper structure.
[0047]
FIGS. 10 (1) to 10 (4) show examples of the configuration 8 in which the fixing hardware is attached to the end of the rubber plate. FIG. 10 (4) shows that the fixing hardware is pulled out from the rubber plate. A cylindrical protrusion is provided at the outer end of the hardware so as to be difficult.
[0048]
FIG. 10 (5) shows the fixing method of Configuration 9, and a method of fixing by attaching a cylindrical metal piece to the end of the rubber plate and inserting it into a cylindrical member fixed to the upper and lower structures. It is. The merit of this method is that it can easily follow the change in the installation angle θ that changes with the expansion and deformation of the rubber plate, and that the rubber plate spring can be easily attached and detached.
[0049]
FIG. 10 (6) shows the configuration 10. This is a method in which a rubber leaf spring is manufactured as a cylindrical rubber and is crushed flat and attached. The production of cylindrical rubber (rubber ring) is an excellent method that can be produced at a very low cost by producing a long hose-like rubber body and cutting it into an appropriate length.
[0050]
FIG. 11 shows a configuration method of a seismic isolation device in which the rubber leaf spring of Configuration 11 and a sliding bearing or a rolling bearing supporting the building weight are combined and integrated. As a composite seismic isolation device that integrates the seismic isolation system shown in configurations 1 to 10 by connecting the upper and lower sliding bearings or rolling bearings from both the upper structure and the lower structure with rubber leaf springs. Can be arranged.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention has a very simple flat rubber plate device compared to the laminated rubber, which is a representative of conventional seismic isolation devices, and enables high performance and performance of detached houses and small-scale buildings. It is a seismic isolation system that can be realized as a high safety seismic isolation building and has the following effects and advantages.
(1) Since it is a very simple device called a rubber plate, the manufacturing cost is extremely low.
(2) A large deformation performance of 80 cm or more, or 1 m or more can be easily secured even for a lightweight structure, and a linear restoring force characteristic can be realized over the entire region.
(3) Periodic characteristics, damping performance, and allowable deformation performance can be set freely by the seismic isolation system of “rolling bearing + sliding bearing + rubber plate”.
{Circle around (4)} Torsional vibration can be suppressed by the arrangement of the rubber plate and the arrangement of the columnar member immediately below it.
(5) Since the sliding plate and rolling bearing are set to the same level as the surface of the concrete frame, the sliding plate has a very wide range of movement, and the rubber plate has an effective length of only 30 cm. Even if set, since it has a deformation performance of 100 cm or more, its potential safety performance is extremely high.
(6) The seismic isolation devices for rolling bearings, sliding bearings, and rubber plates are simple and clear, so their reliability and durability are sufficient, but they can be easily replaced as needed. It is also possible to do.
(7) Since the height of the seismic isolation layer can be adjusted to the height of the rolling bearing body or sliding bearing body, the bottom of the foundation can be made shallow, and the first floor above the seismic isolation layer Since the floor can be set at a position that is not high from the ground surface, it is not only economical, but also an easy-to-use seismic isolation house can be realized.
[0052]
As described above, if this seismic isolation system is adopted, lightweight buildings such as detached houses can be made extremely high, "safe for seismic intensity 7 and no damage to seismic motion exceeding the maximum speed of 100 kine (cm / s)." It can be economically realized as a seismically isolated building with high performance and ultra-high safety performance. The present invention is expected to promote the spread of high-performance small-scale base-isolated buildings and greatly contribute to the construction of a safe society.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] Configuration example of seismic isolation layer of a small base isolation building. Typical existing seismic isolation system as a premise of the present invention
(1) Cross-sectional configuration diagram of seismic isolation layer
(2) Seismic isolation device layout and concrete foundation plan view
FIG. 2 shows an apparatus arrangement example of the seismic isolation system of the present invention: “Rolling bearing + flat rubber plate” system
(1) Cross-sectional configuration diagram of seismic isolation layer
(2) Seismic isolation device layout and concrete foundation plan view
FIG. 3 shows an example of device arrangement of the seismic isolation system of the present invention: “sliding bearing body + flat rubber plate” system.
(1) Cross-sectional configuration diagram of seismic isolation layer
(2) Seismic isolation device layout and concrete foundation plan view
FIG. 4 shows an apparatus arrangement example of the seismic isolation system of the present invention: “rolling bearing body + sliding bearing body + flat rubber plate” system
(1) Cross-sectional configuration diagram of seismic isolation layer
(2) Seismic isolation device layout and concrete foundation plan view
[Fig.5] Cross-sectional configuration diagram of seismic isolation layer and installation guideline
(1) General cross-sectional configuration when conventional laminated rubber, spherical rolling bearings and sliding bearings are used
(2) Cross-sectional configuration when the flat rubber plate, spherical rolling bearing and sliding bearing of the present invention are used
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of the seismic isolation layer of the present invention and an installation procedure diagram of the seismic isolation device.
(1) When sliding support is retrofitted from a hole in the concrete top
(2) When the upper and lower surfaces of the sliding bearing body are sliding surfaces
[Fig. 7] Installation guideline of seismic isolation device of the present invention
(1) Two types of sliding bearings with sliding on both sides:
Left: When the sliding bearing is a rigid body, Right: When the sliding bearing is made of laminated rubber
(2) Explanatory diagram of how to attach the flat rubber plate: The inclination angle with the horizontal plane is θ ≦ 30 °.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of physical meaning that the flat rubber plate of the present invention should be installed at an inclination angle of 30 ° or less.
(1) The generation efficiency of horizontal resistance force (= horizontal force / rubber plate resistance force) is limited to an area of 90% or more.
(2) The vertical component, which is a wasteful force, can be suppressed as small as possible.
(3) Restoring force characteristics due to flat rubber plate (Relationship between horizontal force and horizontal displacement)
An almost complete linear spring is realized over the entire region of horizontal displacement.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a mounting method and deformation state of a flat rubber plate.
(1) Basic connection method arranged linearly between upper and lower structures:
Since a resistance force is generated in the direction of elongation and deformation but a resistance force is not generated in the reverse direction displacement, they are arranged as a set of two sheets whose directions are reversed.
(2) Method of arranging a columnar member on the rubber piece side just below the upper structure:
Even when the displacement is in the opposite direction of elongation, the rubber bends and becomes deformed to generate horizontal resistance.
(3) Method of arranging cylindrical members on both sides of the rubber directly under the upper structure:
The rubber bends and generates a horizontal resistance against displacement in both the left and right directions.
In addition, the restraining effect of torsional deformation is dramatically increased.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of a method for fixing a flat rubber plate end.
(1) Method of fixing a fixing hardware (steel plate with a hole) at the end of the rubber plate and fixing it with bolts
(2) Shape configuration example of the rubber plate:
The length of the rubber plate is set according to the deformation performance, and the width of the rubber plate is set according to the required resistance and rigidity.
(3) Example of fixing method of rubber plate end: Method of fastening by fixing steel plates on top and bottom
(4) Configuration example of fixing hardware at the end of the rubber plate:
When a cylindrical member for preventing slipping is attached to the end of the embedded steel plate
(5) A method of fixing the metal fitting for fixing at the end of the rubber plate into a cylindrical shape and inserting it into the cylindrical member.
(6) A method of fixing a rubber plate material with a cylindrical member (ring shape) with a fixing hardware sandwiched inside
FIG. 11 shows a composite seismic isolation device composed of a flat rubber plate, a sliding bearing and a rolling bearing.
(1) Upper and lower double-sided sliding support and rubber plate installation state (cross-sectional view)
(2) Deformation state of the above device
(3) Seismic isolation device combined with rolling bearing and rubber plate (cross section)
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Ground
2: Concrete foundation board
21: Seismic isolation device mounting base (lower side)
3: Concrete top plate
31: Seismic isolation device mounting base (upper side)
32: Driving hardware for seismic isolation devices
4: Upper building
5: Rolling base isolation body
51: Rolling body receiving flat plate
52: Rolling body (= sphere)
6: Sliding bearing body
61: Sliding plate
62: Sliding bearing body (with built-in laminated rubber)
63: Sliding bearing body (rigid body type)
7: Laminated rubber seismic isolation device
71: Mounting flange
8: Flat rubber plate
80: Cylindrical rubber plate
81: Fixed hardware for fixing
82: Rubber plate end fixing hardware
83: Fixing hole
84: Cylindrical metal fitting for fixing rubber plate ends
85: Cylindrical hardware for fixing
86: Fixing bolt
9: Rubber plate composite seismic isolation device
91: Rubber plate + sliding bearing composite device
92: Rubber plate + rolling bearing complex device

Claims (8)

Support structure (hereinafter referred to as the lower structure) that supports the ground or foundation structure or upper weight, and a seismic isolation structure (hereinafter referred to as the upper structure) supported so as to be movable relative to the lower structure in the horizontal direction. And a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing disposed between the upper structure and the lower structure and supporting the weight of the upper structure, and connected to the upper structure and the lower structure. In the seismic isolation system having a flat rubber plate that does not support the weight of the structure,
The flat rubber plate is attached at an inclination angle of 30 ° or less with respect to the horizontal plane in the vicinity of the connection point with the lower structure,
The flat rubber plate is attached in a substantially vertical direction in the vicinity of the connection point with the upper structure,
A seismic isolation structure system, wherein a columnar member circumscribing the flat rubber plate is disposed in the vicinity of the lower structure immediately below a position where the rubber plate is attached to the upper structure. In the seismic isolation structure system according to claim 1,
Fixing hardware is attached to the end of the flat rubber plate, and the flat rubber plate is attached to the upper structure and the lower structure by bolts inserted into holes provided in the fixing metal. A seismic isolation system characterized by being fixed to either or both. In the seismic isolation structure system according to claim 1 or 2,
A columnar member for fixing is attached to an end of the flat rubber plate, and the columnar member is placed in a cylindrical member fixed to one or both of the upper structure and the lower structure. A seismic isolation system, wherein the flat rubber plate is inserted and fixed to one or both of the upper structure and the lower structure. In the seismic isolation system in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
A base-isolated structure system, wherein the flat rubber plate is made of cylindrical rubber. In the seismic isolation structure system in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
2. A seismic isolation structure system comprising two or more flat rubber plates for connecting the upper structure and the lower structure. In the seismic isolation system in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5,
The flat rubber plate has a fixing hardware attached to the end, and a hole for inserting a bolt for fixing the end of the rubber plate to one or both of the upper structure and the lower structure. Is provided on the fixing hardware. The base isolation structure system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The flat rubber plate is attached with a columnar member inserted into a cylindrical member fixed to one or both of the upper structure and the lower structure at the end. Seismic isolation system characterized by that. In the seismic isolation system in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7,
The flat rubber plate has a rubber plate end fixing hardware sandwiched between portions fixed to one or both of the upper structure and the lower structure. Structural system.

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