JP3750601B2 - Watertight construction method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention joins members such as a plurality of extruded shapes and plates made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.And water-tight structureDoWatertight constructionRegarding the method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  Aluminum or aluminum alloy (hereinafter referred to as “aluminum”) members are lightweight and excellent in corrosion resistance, and are therefore used for planar or three-dimensional structures in vehicles such as buildings and constructions and trucks. In this case, various watertight structures have been considered at the joint between the aluminum members.
  For example, when forming a wall surface or the like for partitioning a space, as shown in FIG. 11 (A), a plurality of aluminum-shaped extruded sections 142 having substantially flat cross sections are overlapped with each other, and the overlapped portions are overlapped. By filling the concave groove 145 of the part with the sealing 146, the shape members 142 are joined together to form the watertight structure 140. Each shape member 142 is fixed to the body edge 147 with a screw 148 in advance.
[0003]
  Further, as shown in FIG. 11B, a watertight structure 150 using a plurality of aluminum hollow extruded shapes 151 is widely used. Each extruded profile 151 has a flat rectangular shape in its entire cross section, and has a wide concave groove 152 along one end, a thick convex ridge 154 along the other end, and cross sections on both sides thereof. It has an acute step 156.
  Then, the bottom wide groove 152 and the thick ridge 154 are fitted, and the trapezoidal packing material made of synthetic resin is formed in the concave portions on the upper and lower side surfaces in the figure formed by the step portions 156. 158 is forcibly fitted. The watertight structure 150 maintains the joint strength between the profiles 151 by the male and female fitting portions (152, 154), and ensures the water / airtightness (sealing) between the profiles 151 by the packing material 158. is there.
[0004]
  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11 (C), a watertight structure 160 using aluminum extruded profiles 162 having a flat channel shape in cross section is also performed. Each extruded shape member 162 abuts flanges 164 formed at right angles to the end portions with a thin packing material 168 interposed therebetween. Then, the bolts 166 are passed through the plurality of through holes formed in the respective flanges 164, and nuts 167 are screwed to the respective male screw portions. The watertight structure 160 secures watertightness between the extruded shape members 162 by a packing material 168, bolts 166, and nuts 167.
[0005]
  Furthermore, the watertight structure 170 shown in FIG. 11D was developed for the purpose of completely watertightening the joint portion of the curtain oar (the right side is indoor and the left side is outdoor). The one using the packing materials 158 and 168 shown in FIG. In the watertight structure 170, packing materials 177 and 178 are provided and contacted between the upper and lower members 172 and 173 on the indoor side, a gap 176 is formed on the outdoor side, and a large space 174 is formed between the packing material 178 and the like and the gap 176. Formed.
  According to this watertight structure 170, the space 174 is at the same atmospheric pressure as the outside air pressure by the gap 176, and rainwater does not enter the space 174 from the gap 176 due to the pressure difference. Further, rainwater that has entered through the gap 176 with kinetic energy also enters the space 174, but the packing material 178 and the like are at a high position that cannot be seen through the gap 176, so that they do not reach these. Furthermore, rainwater that has entered the space 174 is smoothly discharged from the gap 176 by gravity because the space 174 is at the same atmospheric pressure as the outside air pressure. As a result, water that has entered the space 174 up to the height of the packing material 178 and the like is not accumulated, thereby achieving complete watertightness.
[0006]
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
  However, in the watertight structure 140, watertight construction is easy, but there is a problem that the watertightness deteriorates due to secular change.
  Further, the watertight structure 150 can be easily joined by fitting the extruded shapes 151 together, and can be formed simply by forcibly fitting the packing material 158 in the recesses formed on both sides of the fitting portion. However, the packing material 158 disposed between the shape members 151 and the shape members 151 are not bonded to each other, and a difference in atmospheric pressure occurs between the inside and outside (up and down in FIG. 11B) due to wind pressure or the like. There is a problem that water leaks from between the packing material 158 and the profile 151.
[0007]
  Further, the watertight structure 160 has the same problem as the watertight structure 150.
  Further, in the watertight structure 170, the shape of the member adjacent to the members 172 and 173 connected for watertightness is complicated, the shape is limited, and the packing material 178 and the like are deteriorated due to aging. Have the problem of
  The present invention solves the problems of the conventional technologies described above, minimizes prior processing and preparatory work, and between members made of aluminum extruded shapes and plates for buildings, vehicles, etc. TheWater tightnessAs a result, they can be bonded to each other reliably and for a long time, almost no post-processing is required, and can be easily applied to any joint shape.Watertight constructionIt is an object to provide a method.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention performs friction stir welding using a tool including a friction pin and a surface restraining portion at a slight depth along the end portion between the extruded shape member and the plate member. The idea is to form a flat joint line.
  That is, the watertight construction method of the present invention (Claim 1)The ends of the members made of aluminum or aluminum alloy are fixed to the structural material so that the ends of the members are adjacent to each other so that the surfaces of the members are planar.A tool including a friction pin having a friction part length of 0.5 to 3.0 mm and an outer diameter of the friction part of 0.5 to 3.0 mm, and a surface restraining part with respect to the abutting part or the overlapping part. In addition, a joint line forming a watertight structure is formed between the end portions of the members by friction stir welding that moves along the abutting portion or the overlapping portion while rotating the tool at 3000 to 30000 rpm. It is characterized by.
  The member includes an extruded aluminum material and a plate material.
[0009]
  According to this,The members such as extruded shape members and plate members are fixed to the structural material adjacent to each other in advance, and have shallow surfaces with flat surfaces along the adjacent ends between the above-mentioned members that are abutted against each other. By lineTwo-dimensional or three-dimensionally joined securely without any metal gapWatertight structureCan be easily formed. And since the joining apparatus containing the said tool can be made small and handy, it can be easily applied to various fields.
  The length of the friction part is 3.0 mm or less.,waterThis is because the dense construction is generally performed at an assembly site or a construction site, so that it can be constructed with a simple friction stir welding apparatus that is easy to transport and operate. Also,Of the friction partMinimum length allows for reliable bonding,waterIn order to prevent dense defects, the thickness is at least 0.5 mm.
  Furthermore, the reason why the minimum outer diameter of the friction part is 0.5 mm is that it corresponds to the minimum outer diameter required for the strength of the friction pin, and the maximum outer diameter is from the viewpoint of transportation and operability of the above-mentioned joining device. 3.0 mm. That is, in the friction stir welding, the force for pressing the friction pin becomes a large factor, but as the pressing force increases, the entire joining device becomes larger and becomes unsuitable for use at an assembly site or the like. .
[0010]
  Moreover, in this invention, the speed | rate which moves along the said abutting part or superposition | polymerization part of the said tool is 0.02-2 m / min.,Watertight constructionA method (claim 2) is also included.
  Furthermore, in the present invention, the pushing force applied to the tool is 10 to 1000 N.Watertight constructionA method (claim 3) is also included.
  In addition, in the present invention, the diameter of the surface restraining portion in the tool is about 2-3 times the outer diameter of the friction portion in the friction pin.Watertight constructionA method (claim 4) is also included.
  According to these, friction stir welding can be performed with a small and handy tool in a state where the extruded shape member and the plate member are in abutment state reliably., Constituting a watertight structureBonding lines can be reliably formed and bonded. Therefore, for example, a wall surface or floor / ceiling surface of a vehicle or a building is formed by a plurality of extruded shapes.,waterIt can be formed while providing denseness.
[0011]
  In the present invention, the drive source for rotating the tool is a turbine motor.Watertight constructionA method (claim 5) is also included. According to this, since the tool capable of adding points at the number of revolutions and the joining apparatus including the tool can be made small and handy, it can be easily carried into various sites andRequires watertight structureIt can be applied to various joints.
  In addition, the turbine motor using the compressed air used for a dental drill, for example can be applied to the turbine motor.
[0012]
  The specific description of the friction stir welding (friction star welding) used in the present invention will be given in the embodiment described below. For the principle, refer to, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 9-508073. I want to be.
[0013]
  In general, when aluminum alloy members are welded together by arc welding such as MIG, inventions have been proposed in which welding conditions are variously devised so that the welding quality is good and the sealing performance is excellent. 8-197255, and JP-A-9-103848).
  However, these require a separate welding wire and must strictly observe the welding conditions, so that the management of welding becomes complicated and the top part of the weld bead formed in some cases is ground. There is a problem that post-processing is also required to be removed.
[0014]
  Therefore, in recent years, the friction stir welding that can easily join metal materials compared to arc welding has begun to attract attention. As shown in FIGS. 12A and 12A, this friction stir welding rotates along the abutting surface between a pair of aluminum alloy flat plates 180 and 181 whose end edges are abutted and constrained to each other. This is done by moving the tool 182 while pressing it. The tool 182 is made of a material having higher hardness and softening temperature than the material to be joined, and includes a rotating cylindrical body 184, a surface restraining portion 186 that is a concave bottom surface, and a friction pin 188 that hangs coaxially from the center thereof. . The tool 182 is moved in the horizontal (left) direction with a slight inclination along the abutting surface, and a vertical pushing force is applied. A screw-shaped friction stirrer blade (not shown) is formed on the peripheral surface of the friction pin 188 along the horizontal direction (not shown).
[0015]
  As the pin 188 rotates and moves, the aluminum in the vicinity of the abutting surfaces of the plates 180 and 181 is heated and plasticized by frictional heat, and between the plates 180 and 181 across the abutting surface. Fluidized horizontally and vertically. The surface restraining portion 186 suppresses the fluidization of the fluidized aluminum in the vertical direction, and agitates the fluidized aluminum by the friction pin 188.
  Thus, as shown in FIGS. 12B and 12C, the aluminum becomes a stirring portion 189 that is solidified in a solid phase. And the surface of this stirring part 189 becomes the joining line 190 which is flat and has a fixed width. Accordingly, there is no raised welding beat as in conventional arc welding, and post-processing becomes easy.
[0016]
  Conventionally considered use of such friction stir welding is a use requiring joint strength in place of MIG welding or the like, so that the length of the friction part of the friction pin is usually 3 to 15 mm, the diameter is 3 to 10 mm, and the surface is suppressed. The diameter of the part was relatively large, 6 to 25 mm.
  In this case, the rotation speed of the tool 182 is 500 to 15000 rpm, the feed speed is 0.05 to 2 m / min, and the pushing force applied to the tool 182 is 1 kN to 20 kN.
[0017]
  On the other hand, in the present invention, as described above, the friction pin of the tool is miniaturized to have a friction part length of 0.5 to 3 mm and a friction part diameter of 0.5 to 3 mm, and the surface holding part has a diameter of friction. The diameter is reduced to about 2 to 3 times the outer diameter of the pin.
  Moreover, in the present invention, the pushing force applied to the tool is about 10 N to 1000 N at a rotational speed of the tool of 3000 to 30000 rpm and a feed speed of 0.02 to 2 m / min. The reason why the rotational speed is increased is that the outer diameter of the friction pin is small, so that it is necessary to obtain a heating amount necessary for softening aluminum. The reason why the pushing force is small is that the outer diameter and the pushing depth of the friction pin are reduced. As a result, a small handy device can be obtained, and a portable joining device that can be used at a construction site or the like can be obtained.
  If the size of the friction pin is smaller than the above, high accuracy is required for processing, the dimensional accuracy of the pin material itself is quite necessary and impractical, and the friction stirrer blade formed on the peripheral surface is sufficiently formed. It becomes difficult. On the other hand, if the size is larger than the above dimensions, a large force is required for the tool as described above, and the apparatus becomes large, and the size of the pin material must be increased, which is not practical.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  In the following, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
  FIG. 1 illustrates the present invention.Watertight constructionAs shown in FIG. 1 (A), a plurality of extruded shape members (members) 2 are abutted and joined at respective end portions 8 with respect to a planar watertight structure 1 constituting a wall surface formed by the method. is there.
  The extruded shape member 2 is made of aluminum alloy JIS; A6063-T5 or T6, etc., and in the drawing, a horizontal flat plate portion 3 and a pair of protrusions 4 and 4 having a substantially L-shaped cross section on the lower side thereof are symmetrical in the left and right direction The flanges 6 and 6 projecting from the left and right ends of the flat plate portion 3 have end portions 8 and 8 which are slightly thick and rectangular in section, and are long in the depth (extrusion) direction in the drawing. It is a shape material. The protrusion 4 is used to fix the extruded shape members 2 and 2 to which the watertight structure 1 is applied to a structural material such as a pillar (not shown) by screwing or the like.
[0019]
  First, as shown in FIG. 1 (A), the end portions 8 of the extruded shape members 2 and 2 adjacent in the longitudinal direction are brought into contact with each other to form a butt portion 9.SuddenThe shapes 2 and 2 are fixed to a structural material such as a pillar (not shown) with screws or the like using the strips 4 and 4. In this state, the friction stir welding described below in FIG. 2 is performed along the upper surface (front surface) side of the butted portion 9 between the extruded shape members 2 and 2.
  Then, as shown in FIGS. 1 (B) and 1 (C), a joining line W having a shallow depth corresponding to the length of the friction pin is formed across the end portions 8 and 8. Since this joining line W is solidified after the aluminum forming each end 8 has been fluidized in a solid state, the adjacent extruded shapes 2 and 2 are joined metallically along the abutting portion 9. In addition, a reliable and stable watertight structure 1 can be obtained. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1C, the surface of the joining line W is flat, so there is no protrusion and little post-processing is required.
  In addition, the reason why the joining line W is formed along the surface side of the abutting portion 9 is that watertight construction is required after the extruded shape members 2 and 2 are attached at predetermined positions in FIG. This is because there are many cases.
[0020]
  Next, the friction stir welding for forming the joining line W will be described with reference to FIG.
  As shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (a), after the end portions 8 of the respective shapes 2 are abutted against each other in advance and fixed to a pillar or the like, the tool 10 is set on the surface side of the abutting portion 9. .
  The tool 10 is made of a material whose hardness and softening temperature are higher than those of the extruded shape member 2, the rotating cylindrical body 12, the surface suppressing portion 14 having an outer diameter of 4 mm that is gently curved and recessed at the bottom surface thereof, and the center thereof. It consists of a friction pin 16 that hangs coaxially. The friction pin 16 is a cylindrical body having an outer diameter of 1.8 mm and a length of 1.5 mm, and a small screw-shaped friction stirring blade (not shown) is formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof.
  Then, the tool 10 is rotated by a motor (not shown) in a state where the central axes of the cylindrical body 12 and the friction pin 16 are slightly inclined with respect to the end portions 8 and 8 of the respective profiles 2 as shown in the figure. And is lowered toward the abutting portion 9. The rotational speed of the tool 10 is appropriately selected within a range of 3000 to 30000 rpm.
[0021]
  Next, as shown in FIGS. 2B and 2B, the tool 10 is pressed in the vertical direction against each shape member 2, and the friction pin 16 is moved until the entire surface restraining portion 14 reaches the surface of each end portion 8. Push in. In this state, the tool 10 is moved to the left in FIG. 2B in the direction opposite to the inclined direction. This feed rate is appropriately selected within the range of 0.05 to 2 meters / minute.
  As the tool 10 rotates and moves, the aluminum forming the vicinity of the abutting portion 9 of each end portion 8 is heated and plasticized by the friction pin 16, and the left and right profile members sandwiching the abutting portion 9. Fluidized between 2 and 2 in the horizontal and vertical directions. Further, the fluidized aluminum is given a constant pressure against the flow in the vertical direction (surface direction) by the restraining portion 14 and is prevented from scattering from the vicinity of the surface of each end portion 8 to be joined. Is done.
[0022]
  2 (B) and 2 (C), after the tool 10 passes, the fluidized aluminum solidifies from the fluidized state, and is generally an inverted triangle corresponding to the size of the friction pin 16. The joining line W has a cross section.
  As shown in FIG. 2 (c), the surface of the joining line W becomes a flat surface Wa that is continuous along the abutting portion 9, although the portion corresponding to the width of the diameter is slightly recessed by the surface restraining portion 14. In addition, air is not entrained in the joining line W due to the presence of the restraining portion 14, so that no void is formed.
[0023]
  The watertight structure 1 obtained by shallowly joining a plurality of extruded shape members 2 by the joining line W formed by the above joining method does not require prior processing, but only abuts and restrains the shape members 2. Since the metallic joint is formed along the entire length of the abutting portion 9, watertightness can be reliably imparted to the flat wall, floor, and ceiling surface for a long period of time. Moreover, since the surface Wa of the joining line W is flat, post-processing such as grinding is almost unnecessary. It is to be noted that a shape member in which the middle portion of the flat plate portion 3 of the shape member 2 is bent at a right angle, or a shape member having an overall cross-sectional shape substantially in advance is interposed between the plurality of watertight structures 1, 1, By joining with the joining line W by the method, a three-dimensional watertight structure in which the wall surface and the floor surface and / or the ceiling surface are continuously sealed can be obtained.
[0024]
  FIG. 3 relates to an application example of the watertight structure 1, and FIG. 3A shows that the shape 2 is continuously arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the roof structure material L of the building H, and these are formed by the joining method. While joining together with the joint line W, the said shape material 2 is continuously arrange | positioned also to the inner and outer surface of the wall part structural material K, and only the outer surface is joined with the joint line W. In addition, the shape material 2 'for edge parts which has a drain piece is arrange | positioned at the eaves tip and the lower end of the outer surface side, and the shape materials 2 and 2 are laid on the floor structure material F.
  FIG. 3B is a longitudinal sectional view of a cargo compartment of a dry type van-type vehicle V to which the watertight structure 1 is applied, along the upper surface of the roof structural member L and the outer surface of the wall structural member K. The said shape material 2 is arrange | positioned continuously and these mutually joined by the joining line W by the said joining method. A corner shape 2 ″ is arranged at the corner of the roof structure material L and the wall structure material K, and an end shape 2 ′ is arranged at the lower end of the wall structure material K. Since the roof structural material L and the wall structural material K of the building H or the vehicle V have the supporting strength of the respective shapes 2 and 2, sufficient water tightness can be obtained even by the shallow joint line W.
[0025]
  Figure 4 shows how to obtain different forms of watertight structuresWatertight constructionRegarding the method. In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for elements common to the above-described embodiments.
  FIG. 4 relates to a planar watertight structure 20 constituting a roof surface of a cargo compartment of a van type vehicle or the like, and as shown in FIG. 4 (A), a plurality of extruded shapes (members) 21 made of aluminum are respectively provided. The abutting portions 29 formed in the vicinity of the end portions 24 and 26 at the end portions 24 and 26 are joined by the shallow joining line W by the joining method.
  Each extruded shape member 21 is also made of the same material as described above, and has a pair of protrusions 23 having a substantially L-shaped cross section on the lower side surface of the flat plate portion 22 in the drawing. Each protrusion 23 is also fixed to a beam L or the like by means of screws N with extruded profiles 21 and 21 having a watertight structure 20.
[0026]
  4A, at the left end of the flat plate portion 22 in the central extruded shape member 21, an end portion 26 having a thick and rectangular cross section and an engaging portion 28 having an L-shaped cross section are formed at the tip. Further, a hook-shaped end 24 is formed at the right end of the flat plate portion 22, and an engaging portion 25 having a reverse L-shaped cross section is formed at the tip thereof. In addition, the shape material 21 located in the right and left also has the same cross section.
  And as shown in FIG.4 (B), each engaging part 25 and 28 of the some extrusion shape material 21 adjacent along the longitudinal direction mutually engaged, and the butting | matching part 29 was formed in the vicinity. In this state, it is fixed to the beam L to restrain each shape member 21, and friction stir welding using the tool 10 is performed from the surface side along the abutting portion 29.JoinApply.
  Then, as shown in the figure, a joining line W corresponding to the size of the friction pin 16 is formed across the end portions 24 and 26.
[0027]
  According to the watertight structure 20, the extruded shape members 21 are positioned in advance by the engagement by the engagement portions 25 and 28, and the joining line W by the joining method along the abutting portion 29 therebetween. Therefore, a roof surface or the like having excellent water tightness can be formed by continuously flattening the flat plate portions 22 of the respective shapes 21.
  The protrusions 23 are fixed to the beam L or the like by fixing the plurality of shape members 21 to the beam L or the like in advance, and then performing friction stir welding to form the watertight structure 20.The
[0028]
  FIG.( A ) , ( B )Is,referenceThe form relates to a watertight structure.
  FIG. 5A shows a vertical cross section of a self-supporting side wall (hereinafter referred to as a tilt) 30 in a truck bed. The tilter 30 includes an upper rail 31 made of an extruded aluminum material, a plurality of middle rails 32, and a lower rail 33.
  Each rail (member) 31, 32, 33 has a hollow portion 35, and the upper rail 31 and the lower rail 33 have an opening 34 that opens on the right loading platform side in the drawing. Further, the screw portions 38 at both ends of the long bolt 37 that penetrates the rails 31, 32, 33 are located in the openings 34 of the upper rail 31 and the lower rail 33, and each rail is formed by a washer and a double nut 39. 31, 32, 33 are fastened. Each opening 34 is closed by riveting the cover 36 (not shown) or the like.
[0029]
  In addition, as shown in FIG. 5 (B), shallow junction lines W formed by the joining method are formed along the inner and outer surfaces of the abutting portions between the rails 31, 32, 33. By providing this joining line W along a desired number of butted portions between the rails, the tilt 30 having a planar watertight structure can be formed.
  Such a tilt 30 has a plurality of rails 31, 32, 33 that are tightly coupled with bolts 37 and nuts 39, and each joint inside and outside is joined by a shallow joining line W according to the joining method. The surface is metallic continuously. For this reason, as in the prior art, in the fitting portions of the rails 31, 32, 33, etc., fine aluminum powder due to friction associated with continuous running is not generated, and the rails 31, 32, It is possible to eliminate inconveniences such as the rainwater entering between 33 becomes a black liquid and dirty the surface of the tilt and damage the load.
[0030]
  FIG. 5 (C) shows the present invention.Watertight constructionThe longitudinal cross-sectional view of the partition 40 which has a planar watertight structure obtained by the method is shown.
  The partition 40 includes an aluminum extruded shape member 41 fixed to the ceiling surface ce and the floor surface f, and a plurality of shape members 46 laminated therebetween. Each shape member (member) 41, 46 has a hollow portion 43 having a substantially rectangular cross section.
  Further, a horizontal flange 42 extends from each of the upper and lower shape members 41 and is fixed to the ceiling surface ce and the floor surface f by bolts and nuts 47. Further, a flange 44 extending vertically is formed on one side of the upper and lower portions of each of the profiles 41 and 46, and a step 45 is formed on the opposite side to receive the flange 44 of the profile adjacent to the vertical. .
[0031]
  Then, the respective shape members 41 and 46 are brought into contact with each other, the respective flanges 44 are inserted and fitted into the opposed step portions 45, and screws 48 are screwed into the step portions 45 from the respective flanges 44. As a result, the partition 40 is formed in which the respective shape members 41 and 46 are firmly coupled to each other.
  Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (D), friction stir welding is performed using the tool 10 from the outside along the joints of the upper and lower shapes 41 and 46.JoinApply.
  As a result, a shallow joining line W is formed by the joining method across the flange 44 and the stepped portion 45 as shown in the figure, and this joining line W is connected to the desired number of the shape members 41 and 46. As a result, the partition 40 having a desired size and a planar watertight structure can be formed. The joining line W may be formed only on any surface between the shape members 41 and 46. In this case, the plate thickness of the flange 44 needs to be smaller than the length of the friction pin 16.
[0032]
  FIG. 6 (A) shows the present invention.Watertight constructionThe cross section of a part of floor unit 50 having a planar watertight structure laid in a room obtained by the method is shown. The floor unit 50 is made of aluminum and includes a plurality of extruded shapes (members) 51. Each extruded shape member 51 has a substantially rectangular hollow portion 53 in a rectangular main body 52 having a flat cross section.
  At the left end of each shape member 51, a flange 56 projecting horizontally from the upper surface of the main body 52, a ridge 54 hanging from the tip of the flange 56, and a small flange 58 projecting horizontally from the lower surface of the main body 52. Is formed. Further, at the right end of each profile 51, an upward concave groove 55 located at the protruding corner of the main body 52 and a presser bar 57 having a substantially crank-shaped cross section protruding horizontally from the lower surface of the main body 52 are formed. .
[0033]
  First, an anchor bolt b standing upright from the floor structure material F such as a girder is passed through the presser strip 57 in the extruded shape member 51 located on the left side in the drawing, and a nut 59 is screwed and fixed. Next, another shape member 51 is arranged on the right side of the shape member 51, and the protruding strip 54 is fitted into the recessed groove 55 of the fixed shape member 51, and the small flange 58 is fixed to the fixed shape. It is made to enter the lower part of the presser strip 57 of the shape member 51. This operation is repeated to fix the plurality of extruded shape members 51 on the floor structure material F while being coupled to each other.
  Further, friction stir welding is performed by using the tool 10 from above along the fitting portion 51a between the ridge 54 and the groove 55 of each profile 51.JoinApply.
  As a result, as shown in FIG. 6B, a shallow joint line W is formed across the fitting portion 51a of the ridge 54 and the groove 55. A floor unit having a planar water-tight structure and a firm connection structure with a desired width by applying the joining line W by the friction stir welding to the fitting portion 51a on the upper surface side between the desired number of the shape members 51. 50 can be formed.
[0034]
  FIG.Different referenceThe form relates to a watertight structure.
  7A, the aluminum plates 61 are joined together.Reference formThe planar watertight structure 60 is related. Each aluminum plate (member) 61 is formed with an edge 63 that is offset from the plate body 62 upward by the thickness of the plate body 62 at the left end in the drawing. Then, the flat end portions 62a of the plurality of adjacent aluminum plates 61 and the end edges 63 are overlapped to form the overlapped portion 64, and the plate bodies 62 of the aluminum plates 61 are positioned in the same plane. Thus, each aluminum plate 61 is restrained in the longitudinal direction and the width direction. Then, the joining method using the tool 10 is performed from one side along the overlapping portion 59.
[0035]
  As a result, as shown in FIG. 7A, a shallow junction line W is formed across the end 62a and the end edge 63 of each aluminum plate 61. By forming the above-mentioned offset edge 63 on the two adjacent sides of the rectangle in the plan view of each aluminum plate 61, and joining these aluminum plates 61 to each other by the joint line W, A planar wide watertight structure 60 can be formed.
  In addition, the middle of a part of the aluminum plates 61 is bent at a right angle or the like, and the bent aluminum plates 61 are joined in a straight line, and the same is applied to the entire periphery of the watertight structure 60 between the flat aluminum plates 61. Thus, by joining vertically with the joining line W, a water storage tank or a pool with a reliable watertightness can be formed as a three-dimensional watertight structure.
[0036]
  In FIG. 7B, the aluminum plates 66 are joined together.Reference formThe planar watertight structure 65 is related. Each aluminum plate (member) 66 has a bent edge 68 in which an end edge of the plate main body 67 is bent into a substantially U-shaped cross section. Further, the bent edges 68 of a plurality of adjacent aluminum plates 66 are wound around each other as illustrated to form a plurality of overlapping portions 69. Furthermore, each aluminum plate 66 is constrained with respect to the longitudinal and width directions, and the tool 10 is used along any overlapped portion 69.Friction stir weldingApply.
  As a result, as shown in the drawing, a shallow joint line W is formed across the thickness direction of the bent edges 68 of each aluminum plate 66. By forming the joining line W along the overlapping portion 69 around the entire periphery of the plurality of aluminum plates 66, a wide planar watertight structure 65 can be formed. In addition, it can also be set as a three-dimensional watertight structure by making some aluminum plates 66 bend as mentioned above.
[0037]
  FIG. 7 (C) shows the joining of slightly thick aluminum plates (members) 72 having a semicircular cross section.Reference formThe present invention relates to a cylindrical body 70 having a watertight structure. As shown in FIG. 7 (c), the two aluminum plates 72 that are curved in a semicircular shape are in contact with each other and form an abutting portion 74. The tool 10 was used from the inside along the abutting portion 74.Friction stir weldingAs a result, a shallow junction line W is formed across the end edges 73. By forming such a joining line W along each butted portion 74 between the two aluminum plates 72, the cylindrical body 70 having a cylindrical watertight structure can be formed.
  The cylindrical body 70 is supported on a plurality of pedestals 71, and both ends thereof are separately closed by a circular end plate made of aluminum (not shown) to form a tank for storing or transporting various chemical solutions and solutions. Can do. The joining line W can also be formed along both the inner and outer sides of the butting portion 74 according to the specifications of the tank.
[0038]
  FIG. 7 (D) shows a case where extruded parts (members) 77 having a slightly thick wall are joined with aluminum.Reference formThe pipe 75 has a watertight structure. At both ends of the pair of upper and lower shape members 77 whose center is curved, horizontal flanges 78 project symmetrically toward the outside. When the flanges 78 of the two shape members 77 are butted together and the joining method using the tool 10 is performed along the butted portion 78a, as shown in FIG. A pipe 75 having a cylindrical sealing structure in which a shallow joint line W is formed acrossIs obtainedThe The lower surface of the pipe 75 is supported by the curved portions 76a of the plurality of mounts 76, and the left and right flanges 78 are fixed on the left and right hollow portions 76b of the mount 76 by bolts 79 or the like. That is, since the bonding strength between the shape members 77 is obtained by the bolt 79 or the like, the inner joining line W can be shallow.
[0039]
  FIG. 8 illustrates the present invention.Watertight constructionThe box-shaped watertight structure 80 which joined several panels 82 obtained by the method is shown.
  Each panel 85 has a sandwich structure composed of a pair of aluminum plates (members) 87 and 87 and a core material 86 such as glass wool filled therebetween. Between the adjacent panels 85, an aluminum extruded shape 81 that connects the ends of the panels 85 linearly or an aluminum extruded shape 83 that is connected at right angles is disposed. A hollow portion 82 is located at the center of each of the shape members (members) 81 and 83, and a recess 84 for receiving the end portion of the panel 85 is formed on both sides or at a right angle.
[0040]
  By inserting the end portion of the panel 85 into the recess 84 of each of the profiles 81 and 83 and driving a blind rivet 89 as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the profile 81 or the profile 83 and the panel 85 is fixed. Further, when the joining method using the tool 10 is performed along the hollow portion 82 of each of the profiles 81 and 83, a depth is formed in the overlapping portion 80a between the profiles 81 and 83 and the aluminum plate 87 of the panel 85. A shallow junction line W is formed.
  A box-shaped watertight structure 80 can be formed by sequentially forming such joining lines W along the shape member 81 or the shape member 83 and the panel 85.
  In FIG. 8, a plurality of cross-section members 88 having the same cross section as the extruded shape member 21 are laid on the floor structure material F such as a large drawing, and fixed to the floor structure material F by screws or the like (not shown). At the same time, they are joined together by a joining line W. Further, the end shape member 88 is fixed by a corner portion shape member 83 and a rivet 89, and a joining line W is formed.
[0041]
  As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, a tapping screw 90 is screwed into the ceiling-side shape member 81 from the roof structural member L such as a beam, or is fixed to the corner portion shape member 83. On the other hand, the same screw 90 may be screwed and fixed from the roof structural member L to support the watertight structure 80.
  Further, instead of FIG. 9A, as shown in FIG. 9A, the shape member 91 can be fixed to the roof structural member L such as a beam. That is, the end portion of the panel 95 made of the core material 96 and the aluminum plate 97 is inserted into each concave portion 93 of the profile 91 having a substantially cross-sectional shape, and the blind rivet 99 and the flange 92 of the profile 91 are inserted. A joining line W is formed by the joining method. A compact rib 94 is erected on the upper side of the profile 91 and is supported by the roof structural member L and bolts and nuts 98.
[0042]
  Furthermore, instead of FIG. 9B, as shown in FIG. 9B, the shape member 100 can be fixed to the roof structural member L such as a beam. That is, the end portion of the panel 105 made of the core member 106 and the aluminum plate 107 is inserted into each recess 103 of the shape member 100 having the same cross section as the shape member 83, and the rivet 109 is connected to each flange 101 of the shape member 100. A shallow bonding line W is formed by the bonding method. A compact rib 105 is erected on the upper side of the profile 100 and supported by the roof structural member L and the bolt nut 108.
  The watertight structure 80 can also be applied to an electromagnetic shielding room, a soundproof room, a food processing room, a medical operation / treatment room, or the like. Further, the panel 85 or the like is not limited to the sandwich structure, and an aluminum plate 87 that is bent into a box shape may be used.
[0043]
  FIG., Yet another referenceThe form relates to a watertight structure. FIG. 10 (A) shows a duct 110 having a watertight structure with a rectangular cross-sectional shape in which a plurality of extruded shapes (members) 112, 114, 116 made of aluminum are joined.
  The profile 112 has a substantially channel shape in cross section, and a pair of corner profiles 114 are interposed between the profile 116 serving as a bottom plate. And if the said joining method using the said tool 10 is given from the outer side along the abutting part between each shape material 112,114,116, the shallow joint line W will be formed and the watertight of a cross-sectional substantially square shape will be formed. A duct 110 having a structure can be obtained. The duct 110 is fixed on the bracket 118 by a U-shaped bolt and nut (not shown) as shown in the figure, and covers various cables and pipes inserted therein with watertightness.
[0044]
  FIG. 10B shows a cable cover 120 made of aluminum and having a hexagonal cylindrical watertight structure in which a pair of extruded shapes (members) 122 are joined. Each shape member 122 has a substantially trapezoidal cross section, and integrally has a flat end 124 at one end and a thick end L 126 with a thick wall at the other end. The pair of shape members 122 are opposed to each other with point symmetry, and each end portion 124 is in contact with each L-shaped end portion 126 to form a pair of butted portions symmetrically. When the friction stir welding using the tool 10 from the outside, that is, the joining method of the present invention is performed along the abutting portion, a joining line W having a shallow depth is formed between the end portions 124 and 126. The cable cover 120 having a watertight structure with a hexagonal cross section can be obtained. In addition, the hexagonal column body having such a watertight structure can be used for, for example, a duct for air supply / exhaust, a middle column of a building, or a standing material for joinery. Moreover, it can also be set as the cable cover etc. of arbitrary polygonal cross sections by changing the cross-sectional shape of each shape member.
[0045]
  FIG. 10C shows a pipe 130 made of aluminum and having a cylindrical watertight structure in which a pair of extruded shapes (members) 131 are joined. Each extruded section 131 is slightly thick and has a semicircular cross section, and has a flat end 132 at one end and an end 133 having a substantially L-shaped cross section at the other end. The two shape members 136 are opposed to each other with point symmetry, and the other end portions 132 are brought into contact with the L-shaped end portions 133 to form a pair of butting portions 134 symmetrically. When the joining method of the present invention using the tool 10 is performed along the abutting portion 134, a shallow joint line W is formed between the end portions 132 and 133, and a water-tight structure having a circular cross section. Can be obtained.
[0046]
  Further, FIG. 10D shows a pair of extruded shapes (members) 136 made of aluminum and having a semicircular cross section, and the inner ridges 137 and the outer ridges 138 at both ends thereof are fitted to each other and abutted and joined. The cross section of the pipe 135 is shown. When the joining method is performed using the tool 10 from the outside along the abutting portion 139 adjacent to the ridge 138, a pipe 135 having a watertight structure with a shallow joint line W is formed. Is obtained.
  The pipes 130 and 135 having the watertight structure can be used for low-pressure feeding pipes for various liquids and gases, protective covers for communication cables, and the like.
[0047]
  The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above.
  For example, an abutting portion or a superposed portion can be formed by the end portions of the aluminum extruded shape member and the aluminum plate material, and the joining line W can be formed along these.
  Further, a plurality of extruded shape members (members) made of aluminum are formed with abutting portions at end portions in the longitudinal direction, and a joining line W by the joining method is formed along this, or the longitudinal direction and the width direction are formed. These end portions can be continuously joined together by a joining line W to form a large planar or three-dimensional watertight structure.
[0048]
  Furthermore, a plurality of aluminum plate members (members) exhibiting a rectangular shape, regular pentagonal shape, or regular hexagonal shape in plan view are curved in all directions with a desired curvature, and the abutting portions between the end portions of these aluminum plate materials Alternatively, by forming the joining line W by the joining method along the overlapped portion, a spherical watertight structure as a whole can be formed. And it is also possible to obtain the watertight structure which exhibits an ellipsoid by making the curvature of each aluminum plate material different.
  In addition, when the abutting portion is formed by the ends of a relatively thin aluminum plate material (member), an aluminum plate as another backing material is brazed to the side surface opposite to the side surface to which the joining method is applied. It is also possible to temporarily fix it in advance.
  In addition to the above, the joining method according to the present invention includes, for example, a wing vehicle that opens and closes an L-shaped luggage compartment unit having an inverted cross-section in which half of a side wall and a roof material are integrated, a hull of various ships, and steering It is also possible to apply to an upper structure such as a chamber.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
  Of the present invention described above.Watertight constructionAccording to the method (Claim 1), prior processing and preparatory work are minimized,Fixed against structural materialBy forming a shallow bonding line between a plurality of aluminum members, it is possible to bond reliably and stably, and little post-processing is required.MoreFor example, a tool having a small friction pin is used in a joint portion that requires a sufficient water-tight structure due to a shallow joint line, which contributes to lightening and simplification of a joining apparatus including the same, and also facilitates on-site construction. Thereby, the technique of friction stir welding can be utilized effectively. Moreover, a watertight structure having high watertightness can be given to a wall surface or floor surface formed by a plurality of construction panels, or a room or room for various uses.
[0050]
  According to the joining method of claims 2 to 4, the joining method by the tool can be more appropriately performed on the abutting portion or the overlapping portion by a plurality of members, and the joining strength between the members by the abutting portion or the like. Therefore, it is possible to reliably join with a shallow joining line.
  Furthermore, according to the joining method of claim 5, since the tool which can be rotated at the number of revolutions and the joining apparatus including the tool can be made small and handy, it can be easily carried into various sites and applied to various joining parts. can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 (A) isIn the watertight construction method of the present inventionSectional view showing the butted state of extruded profiles, (B)For the watertight construction methodFIG. 4C is a partial cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the joining line, and FIG. 5C is an enlarged view of a one-dot chain line portion C in FIG.
FIG. 2 (A) to (C) and (a) to (c) represent the present invention.Used forThe partial schematic diagram which shows the joining method.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are partial cross-sectional views showing an application example of the watertight structure of FIG.
FIG. 4 (A) shows the present invention.Watertight constructionSectional drawing which shows the watertight structure of the different form obtained by a method, (B) is an enlarged view of the dashed-dotted line part B in (A).
FIG. 5 (A) isSectional drawing which shows the watertight structure of a reference form, ( B ) Is ( A ) Partial enlarged view of the alternate long and short dash line part B,( C ) Is a cross-sectional view showing different forms of watertight structures obtained by the watertight construction method of the present invention, ( D ) Is ( C ) Dash-dot part DFIG.
FIG. 6 (A) shows the present invention.Watertight constructionThe fragmentary sectional view which shows the watertight structure of another form obtained by the method, (B) is an enlarged view of the dashed-dotted line part B in (A).
FIG. 7 (A) to (D)Yet another referenceSectional drawing which shows the watertight structure of form, (c), (d) is the elements on larger scale in (C), (D).
FIG. 8 shows the present invention.Watertight constructionThe fragmentary sectional view which shows another watertight structure obtained by the method.
9A and 9B are enlarged views of alternate long and short dash lines A and B in FIG. 8, and FIGS. 9A and 9B are partial cross-sectional views showing modifications of (A) and (B).
FIG. 10 (A) to (D)In another reference formSectional drawing which shows a watertight structure.
11A to 11D are partial cross-sectional views showing a watertight structure according to a conventional technique.
FIGS. 12A, 12B, and 12A are schematic views showing respective steps of general friction stir welding, and FIG. 12C is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 12B. Figure.
[Explanation of symbols]
  2, 21, 41, 46, 51, 81, 83, 91, 100 ... extruded profile (member)
  8, 24, 26 ……………………………………………… End
  9, 29, 39, 49, 59, 88 ……………………….
  10 …………………………………………………………… Tools
  14 …………………………………………………………… Surface suppressor
  16 ……………………………………………………………… Friction pin
  31,32,33 ……………………………………………… Rail (member)
  87 …………………………………………………………… Aluminum plate (member)
  80a ………………………………………………………… Polymerization Department
  W ……………………………………………………………… Joint line

Claims (5)

Adhering each end of such members adjacent to each other and fixing them to the structural material so that the surfaces of the members made of aluminum or aluminum alloy are planar, with respect to the butted portion or overlapping portion between such ends ,
While using a tool including a friction pin having a friction part length of 0.5 to 3.0 mm and an outer diameter of the friction part of 0.5 to 3.0 mm, and a surface restraining part, the tool is used at 3000 to 30000 rpm. By friction stir welding that moves along the abutting part or overlapping part while rotating at the rotational speed,
Forming a joining line constituting a watertight structure between the end portions of the members;
A watertight construction method characterized by that. The moving speed of the tool along the abutting portion or overlapping portion is 0.02 to 2 m / min.
The watertight construction method according to claim 1. The pushing force applied to the tool is 10 to 1000 N.
The watertight construction method according to claim 1 or 2. The diameter of the surface restraining portion in the tool is about 2-3 times the outer diameter of the friction portion in the friction pin.
The watertight construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The drive source for rotating the tool is a turbine motor.
The watertight construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the watertight construction method is provided.

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