JP3745662B2 - Polymer waste transport equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a polymer waste transport apparatus, and more particularly, is suitable for use in a thermal decomposition apparatus that decomposes waste materials such as so-called plastics, which are treated as industrial waste, into oil or gas by heat. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002]
[Prior art]
As processing methods for used plastics, there are known a method of regenerating into a resin and a method of pyrolyzing and gasifying and further oiling. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-268293 includes a screw-type extruder, which heats the polymer waste into a tube-type decomposition furnace while heating it, and further heats it to increase its height. A technique for gasifying a molecular melt and condensing the gas to obtain an oil is disclosed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the thermal decomposition apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-268293 is expensive to industrially process a large amount of waste because the heat source of the tubular preheater and the tubular cracking furnace is electric heat. There was a problem that there was.
Furthermore, in this thermal decomposition apparatus, when the polymer waste is transported by a screw conveyor, the polymer waste is changed into various properties such as solid-rubber elastic body-viscoelastic body-paste by the applied heat. Therefore, there is a problem that the conveyance is stopped, a large amount of force is required for the conveyance, or these resins cling to the outer periphery of the screw or the inner tube, and the conveyance speed is significantly reduced.
[0004]
That is, when polymer waste is melted to a certain temperature, it becomes a semi-molten state, and in this region, waste that has not yet been melted is included, and heat is taken away by melting of the waste. , The fluidity is extremely poor. For this reason, in order to improve the fluidity and not lower the conveying speed, it is necessary to supply a larger heat source to promote melting, resulting in an increase in cost. In addition, in the conventional apparatus, if the waste is continuously charged and the waste is not filled to the same extent in any part of the conveyance path, the melting becomes unstable, and if the amount is too large, the melting However, if the amount is too small, there is a problem that the resin component in a part is carbonized due to excessive melting.
[0005]
In view of the above circumstances, the present invention can improve the decomposition rate of polymer waste, melt and decompose polymer waste at an economical cost, and can transport any kind of resin. A polymer waste transporting device that is capable of recovering almost the entire amount of resin components by making it oily efficiently without being stuck to the screw conveyor in the middle of transporting, even if it is a paste-like resin It is intended to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a polymer waste transport apparatus according to the present invention comprises:
An outer pipe constituting a transport path for polymer waste charged from the hopper;
A non- rotatable inner pipe disposed in the same direction as the outer pipe so as to form a double pipe between the outer pipe and the outer pipe;
A screw that is arranged so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube and is rotatable by itself, and the rotation speed of the inner tube that cannot be rotated is adjustable ;
An external heat supply means for heating the inside of the outer tube from the outside of the outer tube;
An internal heat supply means for heating the inside of the inner pipe,
In transporting the polymer waste charged into the outer pipe from the hopper downstream with the rotation of the screw,
The polymer waste in the outer pipe is heated from outside the outer pipe by the external heat supply means, and the polymer waste in the outer pipe is removed from the inside of the inner pipe by the internal heat supply means. The polymer waste is transported toward the downstream side of the outer tube by rotating the screw while melting the polymer waste by heating.
[0007]
According to the present invention having such a configuration, when the polymer waste is melted by heat, for example, even if the polymer waste is semi-molten with high viscosity, it does not adhere to the pipe or the screw as it is.
Here, it is preferable that a chlorine gas recovery device for removing chlorine gas generated when the polymer waste is melted is connected to the outer tube.
[0008]
Thereby, it is possible to easily remove the chlorine gas, and it is possible to prevent the chlorine gas from accumulating inside the molten resin.
Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable to adjust the quantity of the polymer waste per unit time taken out from the said outer tube | pipe by adjusting the rotation speed of the said screw.
[0009]
Further, by adjusting the amount of heat to the outer tube by the external heat supply source , the amount of heat to the inner tube by the internal heat supply means , and the rotational speed of the screw, respectively , the melting rate of the polymer waste is controlled. It can also be adjusted.
Thus, it is possible to obtain the oil was treated inexpensively polymer waste.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a transport apparatus for polymer waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the transport device 20, an outer tube 4 that transports polymer waste while melting is disposed in a substantially horizontal direction below the hopper 1 into which the polymer waste is charged. Further, a material outlet 8 for taking out the molten resin is provided in the vicinity of the end of the outer tube 4 so as to open downward. Further, the outer periphery on the downstream side of the outer tube 4 is covered with a heating chamber 7 capable of retaining heated air.
[0011]
The heating chamber 7 takes in outside air heated by a heat supply source 11 such as a heater from the inlet port 9 and circulates the outer surface of the outer tube 4, whereby the outer surface of the outer tube 4 has a substantially constant temperature. To be heated. Therefore, it is preferable that the outer periphery of the heating chamber 7 is covered with a heat insulating material or the like. In such a heating chamber 7, heated air is taken in from the inlet port 9, and after the peripheral surface of the outer tube 4 is heated by this heated air, the heated air whose temperature has dropped is taken out from the outlet port 10, and then The air is again supplied to the inlet port 9 through the heat supply source 11 by the driving force of the hot air circulating device 12 such as a blower.
[0012]
A chlorine recovery device 13 is connected to the downstream area of the outer pipe 4 via a branch pipe 14. The chlorine recovery device 13 induces a gas generated when the polymer waste is melted and recovers chlorine in the gas. A stabilizer contained in various resins using the branch pipe 14 is used. It is possible to remove such additives as well.
In the present embodiment, the inner tube 5 is accommodated inside the outer tube 4 in a concentric shape. As shown in FIG. 2 in an enlarged manner, the inner tube 5 is made of a pipe made of stainless steel or the like having high thermal conductivity, and the end of the one end portion 5a is closed.
[0013]
Further, on the outer periphery of the inner tube 5, a spiral screw 3 is interposed along the inner tube 5. The screw 3 is not fixed to the outer surface of the inner tube 5 and is installed with a predetermined gap. Therefore, when the drive device 2 of the screw 3 is driven, the screw 3 has a structure that independently rotates around the inner tube 5.
[0014]
A heating fluid such as oil, for example, is pumped from the internal heat supply means 6 into the inner pipe 5 so that the inside of the inner pipe 5 is maintained at an appropriate temperature.
The rotational speed of the screw 3, the heating temperature from the outside to the outer tube 4 by the heat supply source 11, the heating temperature from the inside to the inner tube 5 by the internal heat supply means 6 can be controlled separately. It has become. Furthermore, the external heat supply means to the outer tube 4 is not limited to hot air by the hot air circulation device 12. For example, the temperature can be controlled by a fluid such as oil, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.
[0015]
The polymer waste transport apparatus according to the present embodiment is configured as described above, and the operation thereof will be described below.
Now, both the hot air circulation device 12 which is an external heat supply means and the internal heat supply means 6 are driven. Therefore, for example, the air taken in from the outside by the hot air circulation device 12 is heated to a predetermined temperature by the heat supply source 11, and the heated air is taken into the heating chamber 7 through the inlet port 9. . On the other hand, when the internal heat supply means 6 is driven, the heating fluid is introduced to the inside of the inner pipe 5, and the inside of the inner pipe 5 is also heated to a predetermined temperature.
[0016]
Therefore, the inside of the outer tube 4 is heated by heat from the outside and heat from the inside, and the surface of the screw 3 is also heated to an appropriate temperature state.
From this state, first, polymer waste, so-called plastic waste material, is introduced from the hopper 1. The polymer waste to be charged may be crushed or may be in the form of pellets or flakes.
[0017]
The plastic waste introduced from the hopper 1 is accommodated in the space between the inner tube 5 and the outer tube 4. Since the screw 3 has already been rotated inside the outer tube 4, the waste is guided downstream with this rotation. At this time, the waste conveyed downstream is gradually melted by the heat applied from the outside of the outer tube 4 and the heat applied from the inside of the inner tube 5. Then, the amount of melting gradually increases, and finally it is completely melted and taken out from the material outlet 8.
[0018]
Thus, in the present embodiment, in addition to the heat from the outside of the outer tube 4, the heat from the inside of the inner tube 5 is applied, so that melting can be promoted quickly. Moreover, even after being melted, such heat is always applied, so that it does not solidify during the conveyance. Further, even if there is a variation in the waste in each room partitioned by the blades of the adjacent screw 3 due to the difference in the amount of input, it can be conveyed downstream by the rotation of the screw 3. Moreover, even if an excessive waste is thrown in, it can convey downstream, melt | dissolving, and a conveyance speed does not become slow. Further, when the vinyl chloride waste is melted, chlorine gas is generated. The gas is led to the chlorine recovery device 13 through the branch pipe 14 and can be removed here. Therefore, chlorine gas can be removed from the resin component melted inside the outer tube 4 at an early stage.
[0019]
On the other hand, even if the solid matter is gradually melted to become a paste-like resin, the surface of the outer tube 4 is always heated by the heated gas as shown in FIG. 3, and the outer surface of the inner tube 5 is Since it is always heated by the internal heat and the screw 3 is also heated, it is possible to prevent these resins from clinging to the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube 4 or the surface of the screw 3.
[0020]
The resin component taken out from the material outlet 8 can be filled into a container or the like and solidified again to make an ingot stock. Since it is mixed, it is a substantially uniform component. Therefore, this resin component can be reused as necessary, or it can be further decomposed into an oil.
[0021]
In this embodiment, the charged resin consists of a plurality of types and does not have to be crushed. Moreover, even if pasty or semi-fixed materials are mixed together, they can be melted without any change. Moreover, the polymer waste to be input may not be continuous. Even if it is introduced in a sparse state such that a gap is generated in the outer tube 4 or sent in a dense state in the outer tube 4, temperature control of external heat or internal heat or a screw By adjusting the conveyance speed by 3, it can be melted to an optimum state. Further, the resin component in a semi-molten state does not adhere to the surface of the outer tube 4 or the screw 3 regardless of the amount added.
[0022]
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
For example, in the above embodiment, only one outer tube 4 is used, and the chlorine gas recovery device 13 is connected to the downstream area thereof. Instead, as shown in FIG. It can also be conveyed and melted in two stages. Further, a dechlorination recovery system B for recovering chlorine can be provided independently of the melting system A. In this case, the transport device 20 shown in FIG. 1 is a basic configuration, and in addition to this, a screw conveyor 23 is provided further downstream, and a pipe for recovering chlorine gas is provided between the screw conveyor 23 and the outer pipe 4. 25 may be connected. In this way, when vinyl chloride is oiled, in addition to the chlorine gas that vaporizes at an early stage, substantially the entire amount of chlorine gas remaining in the unmelted lump portion can be recovered.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the polymer waste transport apparatus according to the present invention, the molten resin is transported by the driving force of the screw independent from the inner pipe while applying both the heat from the inside and the heat from the outside. Therefore, no matter what the molten state of the waste is, the conveyance is not stopped by the screw conveyor, and it is possible to melt and convey the waste to an optimum state. Furthermore, for example, even if a paste-like resin is conveyed, it can be prevented that the resin is clung to a screw, an outer tube, an inner tube, or the like.
[0024]
In this way, according to the present invention, the molten resin is transported in an optimal state regardless of the amount of waste input and regardless of the properties of the molten resin. It became possible to do. Moreover, it was able to carry whatever polymer waste was thrown. Further, since the screw rotates independently from the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube, the conveyance is not hindered.
[0025]
Therefore, the waste could be economically melted and oiled.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for transporting polymer waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a transport apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hopper 2 Drive apparatus 3 Screw 4 Outer pipe 5 Inner pipe 6 Internal heat supply means 20 Conveyance apparatus

Claims (4)

An outer pipe constituting a transport path for polymer waste charged from the hopper;
A non- rotatable inner pipe disposed in the same direction as the outer pipe so as to form a double pipe between the outer pipe and the outer pipe;
A screw that is arranged so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube and is rotatable by itself, and the rotation speed of the inner tube that cannot be rotated is adjustable ;
An external heat supply means for heating the inside of the outer tube from the outside of the outer tube;
An internal heat supply means for heating the inside of the inner pipe,
In transporting the polymer waste charged into the outer pipe from the hopper downstream with the rotation of the screw,
The polymer waste in the outer pipe is heated from outside the outer pipe by the external heat supply means, and the polymer waste in the outer pipe is removed from the inside of the inner pipe by the internal heat supply means. The polymer waste is transported toward the downstream side of the outer pipe by rotating the screw while melting the polymer waste by heating. Conveying device. The apparatus for transporting polymer waste according to claim 1, wherein a chlorine gas recovery device for removing chlorine gas generated when the polymer waste is melted is connected to the outer pipe. The transport of polymer waste according to claim 1, wherein the amount of polymer waste taken out from the outer tube per unit time is adjusted by adjusting the rotational speed of the screw. apparatus. The melting rate of the polymer waste is adjusted by adjusting the amount of heat to the outer tube by the external heat supply source , the amount of heat to the inner tube by the internal heat supply means , and the rotational speed of the screw, respectively. The polymer waste transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:

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