JP3744184B2

JP3744184B2 - AC generator for vehicles

Info

Publication number: JP3744184B2
Application number: JP05284398A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 梅田　　敦司; 志賀　　孜; 草瀬　　新
Original assignee: Denso Corp
Current assignee: Denso Corp
Priority date: 1997-05-26
Filing date: 1998-02-17
Publication date: 2006-02-08
Anticipated expiration: 2018-02-17
Also published as: JPH11164505A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は乗用車、トラック等に搭載される車両用交流発電機に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術および発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来から車両用交流発電機においては、小型高出力化を達成する為に種々の改良が提案されている。
発電能力の向上については、例えば特開平６−４６５５０号公報に見られる様に永久磁石の利用による方法など有効な手段が多くあるが、他方のニーズである小型化に対応する為には体格制約上ファンも小型化せざるを得ず、従って風量は低下してしまい、しかも発電能力の向上に伴いジュール損による発熱増加は避けられず、結局温度上昇の問題を生じていた。
【０００３】
すなわち、小型高出力化のネックは、温度上昇、とりわけ発電を行う固定子電気導体の放熱を如何に限られた体格の中で行うかが技術的ポイントであった。
この様な技術背景の下、例えば特開平７−１９４０６０号公報に見られる様に、空気冷却でなく、より放熱効率の良い水を冷却媒体として考える発電機の水冷技術もあるが、原理的に明らかな様に水の配管や、発電機胴体へのウォータージャケット構造の付加により実質的体格や重量増加を伴なうこととなり、そもそもの目的に合致するものでは無く、これまでも一部の特殊用途に用いられるにすぎなかった。
【０００４】
一方、一般的な空冷の従来技術としては、固定子電気導体のコイルエンド部（以下渡り部と呼ぶ）の温度低減が主として提案されている。かかる渡り部の改良としては、特公平４−２４９３９号公報、特開昭６３−５９７４４号公報、実公平１−２７４０６号公報、特開昭５７−１３２７４３号公報などが知られている。
【０００５】
これらの空冷技術は渡り部における電気導体一本一本の配置を工夫する事で風の抜けを改善し、放熱性を高める試みであるが、いずれの構成においても渡り部の電気導体の素線同士が一部離間は認められるものの全体として扁平整列的に配置されて冷却風の通風路を大きくとりながら、これを覆って大きな通風抵抗としてしまい、且つ、これらを固着・固定する為の含浸処理剤が厚く表面を覆う事がますます大きな通風抵抗を招き、冷却性が悪かった。
【０００６】
又、従来一般に、固定子電気導体は皮膜付導体で構成され、更にその上に、これらを固着・固定する為の含浸処理剤等が施されており、これら絶縁層が、電気導体の放熱性を著しく妨げている事は良く知られていた。しかし、これら絶縁層を廃止したり、薄くすることは、絶縁性の低下を招く為、実用上不可能であった。
【０００７】
更に、従来、電気導体の耐熱性（許容温度）は、電気導体同士が重なり合う部分における絶縁層の熱劣化温度で決まってしまい、更なる耐熱性（許容温度）のアップを図ることは困難であった。
本発明は、上記問題点に鑑み、全ての渡り部電気導体が十分な冷却風の恩恵にあずかり、冷却性が飛躍的に向上するとともに、絶縁性・耐熱性にも優れた車両用交流発電機を提供するものである。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記課題を達成する為、以下の構成を技術的手段として採用する。
請求項１では、電気導体の渡り部においては、電気導体のそれぞれを空間的に離間し、且つ、その絶縁層厚さは前記スロット内に位置する収納部での絶縁層厚さより薄くした。
【０００９】
請求項２では、電気導体のスロット収納部については、電気絶縁部材を用いて相互に絶縁し、渡り部については導体それぞれを空間的に離間して電気絶縁した。
請求項３では、電気導体渡り部の断面積をスロット収納部の断面積以下とした。
【００１０】
請求項４では、電気導体の各渡り部間を空間的に０．５ｍｍ以上離間して電気絶縁した。
請求項５では、固定子と対向した回転子に冷却用ファンを配設した。
請求項６では、電気導体の渡り部を円周方向に傾斜して延びる部分と半径方向に延びる部分とで形成し、且つ、電気導体の渡り部のうち半径方向に延びる部分の軸方向高さを冷却用ファンの軸方向存在範囲内とした。
【００１１】
請求項７では、電気導体の渡り部の半径方向内径Ｒ、固定子の積層鉄心の内径Ｒ′、回転子のポールコア外径ｒ、回転子に装着された冷却用ファン外径ｒ′の寸法関係を、Ｒ′＞ｒ≧Ｒ＞ｒ′とした。
請求項８では、電気導体をスロット内に挿入される直線部を持つ複数個の略Ｕ字状セグメントとし、固定子鉄心の片側面はＵ字状セグメントのターン部で成り立たせ、他方の直線部は揃えてスロット内に収納させる構成とした。
【００１２】
請求項９では、電気導体の絶縁層のうち、絶縁被膜層の厚み又は固着絶縁層の厚みを、少なくとも、前記渡り部においてゼロとした。
請求項１０では、前記渡り部において、電気導体の絶縁層がなく、該導体が暴露する構成とした。
請求項１に記載の発明によれば、電気導体の渡り部における、電気導体のそれぞれを空間的に離間し、且つ、その絶縁層厚さが薄い為、電気導体表面からの放熱性が著しく改善され、固定子電気導体の温度上昇を大幅に低減することができる。このため、絶縁層の熱劣化が抑制され、且つ、電気導体のそれぞれは空間的に離間されていることから、電気導体の耐熱性（許容温度）及び絶縁性を同時に向上させることができる。
【００１３】
請求項２に記載の発明によれば、スロット収納部における各電気導体同士、及び各電気導体と積層鉄心間の絶縁については、電気絶縁部材を用いて行う。一方、渡り部における各電気導体同士の絶縁については、電気導体それぞれを空間的に離間し、相互に干渉しない様にして行う。
以上により、スロット収納部での絶縁性が飛躍的に向上し、導体挿入時の機械的ストレスにも十分耐える事が出来る。又、渡り部はその絶縁層厚さを薄くしているにもかかわらず、十分な電気絶縁性を確保できる。
【００１４】
請求項３に記載の発明によれば、渡り部における電気導体の断面積をスロット収納部における電気導体の断面積以下としている。すなわち、空間的に離間された渡り部の実現方法として、導体断面積をスロット収納部より小さくすることで、この断面積の差によって生じる寸法だけ、各電気導体間を空間的に離間させている。
【００１５】
これにより、電気導体渡り部のエンベロープ寸法（軸方向寸法及び、半径方向寸法）を従来に対して、大きくする事無く、各渡り部を空間的に離間する事が出来るため、小型高出力な車両用交流発電機を提供する事が可能となる。
また、請求項４に記載の発明の様に、電気導体の各渡り部間を空間的に０．５ｍｍ以上離間すれば、実用上十分な電気絶縁性が確保されるばかりで無く、十分な放熱性も確保する事が出来る。
【００１６】
請求項５に記載の発明によれば、固定子と対向した回転子には冷却用ファンが配設されており、ここで生じた冷却空気の流れ（冷却風）は各々の渡り部に直接当たる為、固定子電気導体の温度上昇を大幅に低減することができる。
請求項６に記載の発明によれば、電気導体の渡り部を円周方向に傾斜して延びる部分と半径方向に延びる部分とで形成している。冷却ファンによる冷却風は主に、軸中心から外径方向に向かって流れる為、この半径方向に延びる電気導体渡り部には冷却風が効果的に流れ込む。以上から、半径方向渡り部は冷却（放熱）フィンとしての役割を十分はたし、更に、冷却用ファンの軸方向存在範囲内にこの渡り部冷却（放熱）フィンを位置させることにより冷却ファンによる冷却風をより確実にこの冷却（放熱）フィン部に流れ込ませることが出来る。
【００１７】
更に、以上述べてきた固定子電気導体の冷却改善により、請求項７に記載の発明の如く、冷却用ファン外径ｒ′を回転子のポールコア外径ｒよりも小さくする事が可能となる。この結果、ファンが小径になったことで、ファン騒音を低減させることができるばかりか、ファンに加わる遠心力を低減させる事ができる為、薄くて安価な材料でこのファンを製作する事が可能となる。更に、冷却用ファン外径ｒ′が小さくできることから、渡り部の半径方向内径Ｒも小さくすることが出来るが、これは結果的に渡り部の半径方向外径も小さくできることを意味する。この結果、回転子と固定子とを支持するフレームの外径自体を小さくすることが可能となり、車両用交流発電機の小型化が達成できる。
【００１８】
請求項８に記載の発明によれば、電気導体を複数個の略Ｕ字状セグメントとしたことで、電気導体を所定の形状に加工する事が容易となるばかりか、スロットへ各電気導体をその渡り部が空間的に離間するように挿入する事も非常に容易となる。この結果、当然製造コストも飛躍的に下げる事が可能となる。
請求項９に記載の発明によれば、絶縁層を更に薄くする構成としたことで、電気導体表面からの放熱性がますます改善され、固定子電気導体の温度上昇を大幅に低減することができる。
【００１９】
請求項１０に記載の発明によれば、電気導体が渡り部において冷却風に暴露されるため、電気導体表面からの放熱が最も改善され、固定子電気導体の温度上昇を飛躍的に低減することができる。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の車両用交流発電機を図に示す各実施形態に基づいて説明する。
〔第一の実施例の構成〕
図１から図５はこの発明の第一の実施形態を示したもので、図１は、車両用交流発電機の主要部を示した図で、図２から図４は本実施形態の車両用交流発電機の固定子の説明図、図５は各電気導体渡り稜線部間の隙間を変更した時の、電気導体の冷却性と絶縁性の変化を示すものである。
【００２１】
車両用交流発電機１は、電機子として働く固定子２と、界磁として働く回転子３と、前記回転子および固定子を支持するハウジング４と、前記固定子に直接接続され、交流電力を直流に変換する整流器５等から構成されている。回転子３は、シャフト３１と一体になって回転するもので、１組のランデル型ポールコア３２、冷却ファン３３、フィールドコイル３４、スリップリング３５等によって構成されている。
【００２２】
シャフト３１は、プーリに連結され、自動車に搭載された走行用のエンジン（図示せず）により回転駆動される。
前記ハウジング４には固定子２の電気導体渡り部２１ｂに対向した部分に冷却風の吐出口４１及び軸方向端面に吸入口４２が設けられている。
固定子２は、固定子鉄心２２と巻線を構成する電気導体２１及び鉄心２２、導体２１間を電気絶縁するインシュレータ２３で構成され、ハウジング４により支えられている。固定子鉄心２２は、薄い鋼板を重ね合わせた積層鉄心であって、その内周面には複数のスロット２４が形成されている。このスロット２４は側面が略平行とする形状とし、先端開口部は側面間距離よりも狭く設定されている。
【００２３】
巻線される電気導体２１はスロット２４に収納される収納部２１ａとこの収納部同士を繋ぐ渡り部２１ｂとからなり、各導体はスロット内から出た後、スロットの外径側に位置する導体群２１ｆと内径側に位置する導体群２１ｇとにほぼ２分割され、渡り部を構成している。ここで、渡り部２１ｂの隣接する１本１本の間には所定の隙間が設けられている。更にこの渡り部２１ｂは外径側、内径側で同一円周方向に傾斜した稜線部２１ｂ−１、及びこの稜線部２１ｂ−１同士を軸半径方向に繋ぐ頂上部２１ｂ−２とから構成されている。更にこの各導体渡り部２１ｂの１本１本は、図２に示す様にスロット収納部２１ａに対し、細くしてあり、断面積が小さくなっている。
【００２４】
本実施形態においては、これら電気導体は絶縁皮膜付き丸線を部分的に引き抜き加工し、線径に変化を与えることにより容易に製造できる。
また、インシュレータ２３は図３に示される様な形状で、本実施形態では、材料としてマイカ等を混入した、高耐熱性フィルムを用いている。
更に、電気導体スロット内収納部には、鉄心２２とインシュレータ２３と電気導体２１間、及び各電気導体２１の相互間を確実に固着・固定すべく、含浸処理２６が施されており、トータルの絶縁層厚さとしては、スロット内に位置する収納部の方が含浸処理の分だけ、渡り部に比べて厚くなっている。
【００２５】
上記固定子巻線の相端２５は、各相の一端は軸方向に伸張された後、整流器ダイオード５２の電極部５３に電気接続されており、他端は中性点として３相分電気接続されている。
〔第一の実施形態の作用効果〕
上記の構成とする事により、電気導体渡り部のうち、稜線部の傾斜方向は外径側に位置する導体群と内径側に位置する導体群の各群で同一方向とする事が出来る。このため、外径側導体群と内径側導体群が重合し、干渉し合う事は無い。更に、各導体渡り部２１ｂの１本１本は、図２に示す様にスロット収納部２１ａに対し、細くしてある為、隣接する１本１本の間には電気絶縁を確保する為の所定の隙間が設け易く、又、隙間を設けても、電気導体渡り部全体としてのエンベロープ寸法（軸方向寸法及び、半径方向寸法）を従来に対して大きくしなくてすむというメリットがある。
【００２６】
本実施形態ではそれぞれの電気導体間の隙間を略０．５ｍｍに設定している。これは図６に示す様に、各種試験の結果、電気導体の冷却性及び絶縁性としては、隙間が０．５ｍｍ以上あればほぼ十分な効果が得られ、一方、０．５ｍｍ未満では、各導体間を通り抜ける冷却風の通風抵抗が上がり十分な冷却性が得られないばかりか、導体の温度変化やエンジンから受ける振動等の影響で十分な絶縁性が確保できないため、この隙間に設定したものである。
【００２７】
この様に、本発明の電気導体２１は、電気導体の放熱性を著しく妨げていた絶縁層を薄くしているにも関わらず、スロット収納部２１ａについては、インシュレータ２３にて完全に電気絶縁し、渡り部２１ｂについては互いに他の渡り部と干渉する事無く、空間的に離間する事で完全に電気絶縁する事が可能となる。
以上、電気導体の絶縁層を薄くした事で電気導体渡り部表面からの放熱性が著しく改善され、固定子電気導体の温度上昇を大幅に低減することができる。
【００２８】
この為、絶縁層の熱劣化が抑制され、且つ、電気導体のそれぞれは空間的に離間されていることから、電気導体の耐熱性（許容温度）及び絶縁性を同時に向上させることができる。
又、前述のようにこのインシュレータは高耐熱材からなる為、本実施形態の固定子ではその耐熱性（使用許容温度）も飛躍的にアップしている。
【００２９】
又、本実施形態では、回転子の軸方向端部に内扇ファンを設け、電気導体渡り部の外周対向面に吐出口を設けている為、冷却風は軸中心側より電気導体渡り部を通ってハウジング外周部方向に抜けるが、ここで電気導体渡り部間が空間的に離間されている為、この冷却風を確実に電気導体内部にまで流れ込ませる事が可能となり、更に冷却性が向上する。又、流れ込んだ冷却風は各電気導体とその周囲の隙間とにより音波の反射・吸収を繰り返す為、騒音を低減させる効果も著しい。
【００３０】
更に、電気導体渡り頂上部は、前記冷却風の流れ方向に沿った形で配設されており、且つ、この渡り頂上部に軸方向の位置を合わせて冷却ファンが配設されている為、この渡り頂上部は冷却（放熱）フィンとしての役割を十分はたし、更に冷却性が向上する。
上記の様に、本実施形態では、電気導体の冷却性を飛躍的に向上させる事が可能となり、又、電気導体渡り部間が空間的に離間されたことで、冷却風の通風抵抗を極端に低減することが出来、その結果、極端なファンの小型化（小径化）が実現出来る。ファンの小径化はファン騒音を低減させる事につながるばかりかファンに加わる遠心力を低減させる事にもつながり、薄くて安価な材料でファンを製作する事が可能となる。更に、冷却用ファンが小径化できることにより、渡り部の半径方向外径も小さくできる。この結果、回転子と固定子とを支持するフレームの外径自体を小さくすることが可能となり、車両用交流発電機の小型化が達成できる。
【００３１】
〔第二の実施形態の構成〕
図６から図９はこの発明の車両用交流発電機固定子の第二の実施形態を示したものである。
固定子６は、固定子鉄心６２と巻線を構成する電気導体セグメント６１、及び鉄心６２、導体６１間を電気絶縁するインシュレータ６３で構成されている。
【００３２】
巻線は電気接続される多数の導体セグメント６１により構成され固定子鉄心６２の軸方向側面の片側がターン部６１ｄ、その他方が結線部６１ｅとなるように構成されている。
また導体セグメント６１はスロット６４に収納される収納部６１ａとこの収納部同士を繋ぐ渡り部６１ｂとからなり、隣接する渡り部６１ｂ間には電気絶縁が確保できる所定の隙間が設けられている。更にこの渡り部６１ｂは外層、内層で同一円周方向に傾斜した稜線部６１ｂ−１、及びこの稜線部６１ｂ−１同士を軸半径方向に繋ぐ頂上部６１ｂ−２とから構成されている。ここで、頂上部６１ｂ−２は言い換えると、前記ターン部６１ｄ及び結線部６１ｅのことである。
【００３３】
更にこの導体セグメント６１の、渡り部６１ｂには、図７に示す様な、段差部６１ｃが設けられており、結果として、渡り部断面積はスロット収納部の断面積に較べて小さくなっている。
尚、これら導体セグメント６１は絶縁皮膜の無い裸金属部材よりなるが、絶縁皮膜が有っても良い。又、これら導体セグメントはプレス等での作成が容易であり、素材・加工コストの低減が図れる。
【００３４】
また、インシュレータ６３は図８に示される様に、固定子鉄心６２のスロット６４内で、鉄心６２と導体セグメント６１間、及び各導体セグメント６１間を絶縁すべく略Ｓ字形状にしてある。本実施形態では、このインシュレータ６３の材料としてマイカ等を混入した、高耐熱性フィルムを用いている。
更に、電気導体スロット内収納部には、鉄心６２とインシュレータ６３と電気導体６１間、及び各電気導体セグメント６１の相互間を確実に固着・固定すべく、含浸処理６６が施されており、トータルの絶縁層厚さとしては、スロット内に位置する収納部の方が含浸処理の分だけ、渡り部にくらべ厚くなっている。
【００３５】
巻線の製造工程は、図７に示す外層側導体部６１ｆと内層側導体部６１ｇと電気導体ターン部６１ｄで構成された略同一形状のＵ字型セグメント６１を、固定子鉄心６２の軸方向側面の同一側にターン部が揃う様に重ね、外層側導体部６１ｆはスロット外側、内層側導体部６１ｇはスロット内側に位置する様に挿入される。このセグメント６１は銅平板を折り曲げ、プレス等で略Ｕ字形状に製作され、略平行のスロット側面に外径側、内径側各導体部の両側面がインシュレータ６３を介して当接する様に圧入される。
【００３６】
その後、ターン部とは逆側の各導体部の先端を外径側導体、内径側導体を反対の周方向に折り曲げた後、異相の導体が電気的導通をとる様に結線される。
〔第二の実施形態の作用効果〕
上記の構成とする事により、電気導体渡り部のうち、稜線部の傾斜方向は内層外層の各層で同一方向とする事が出来る。このため、内層側もしくは外層側だけで考えると、電気導体稜線部は互いに他の稜線部と干渉する事は無い。
【００３７】
更に、電気導体渡り部には、図７に示す様な、段差部６１ｃが設けられている為、内・外層稜線部がそれぞれ傾斜して互いにクロス隣接する部分についても、電気導体渡り部のエンベロープ寸法（軸方向寸法及び、半径方向寸法）を従来に対して大きくする事無く、十分な隙間を設ける事が出来、互いに他の稜線部と干渉する事は無い。
【００３８】
この様に、本発明の導体セグメント６１は、電気導体の放熱性を著しく妨げていた絶縁皮膜を廃止した裸金属部材よりなるにも関わらず、スロット収納部６１ａについては、インシュレータ６３にて完全に電気絶縁し、渡り部６１ｂについては互いに他の渡り部と干渉する事無く、空間的に離間する事で完全に電気絶縁する事が可能となる。
【００３９】
以上、第二の実施形態では、電気導体を複数個の略Ｕ字状セグメントとしたことで、電気導体に段差部を設ける等、所定の形状に加工する事が容易となるばかりか、渡り部の空間的離間も、特別な治具を用いる事無く容易に設ける事が出来る。この結果、当然製造コストも飛躍的に下げる事が可能となる。
〔第三の実施形態〕
図１０から図１２に第三の実施形態を示す。第二の実施形態では、固定子の一つのスロット内を挿通する電気導体セグメントは２本であったが、これを４本にした点が異なる。導体本数を増やした事で、絶縁を確保する為の方法が若干複雑になるが、基本的構成としては、第二の実施形態と同等である。
【００４０】
導体セグメント７ａ、７ｂは、第二の実施形態の図７で示した導体セグメント６１を概ね半割、２分割した様な形状をしている。この場合、新たに各導体セグメント７ａと７ｂとの間も絶縁する必要がある為、以下の構成を取っている。
まず、略２分割後、外側に位置する導体セグメント７ａの段差部形状は第一の実施形態の図７で示した導体セグメント６１と同等であるが、略２分割後、内側に位置する導体セグメント７ｂについては、渡り部の両側に段差部を設けている。これは、各導体セグメント挿入後、それぞれの導体渡り部が傾斜して互いにクロス隣接する部分に十分な絶縁隙間を確保する為である。
【００４１】
スロット内の絶縁については、例えば図１１に示される様に、略Ｓ字型を２つ並べたインシュレータ７３を用いることによって達成することが可能である。また、電気導体スロット内収納部には、鉄心７２とインシュレータ７３と電気導体７ａ、７ｂ間、及び各電気導体セグメント７ａ、７ｂの相互間を確実に固着・固定すべく、含浸処理７６が施されている。
【００４２】
〔その他の実施形態〕
第一の実施形態においては、固定子の１つのスロット内の電気導体を内径側・外径側と２つの電気導体群に分けていたが、電気導体群を更に増やす事も可能である。
又、第三の実施形態の様に、固定子の１つのスロット内を挿通する電気導体セグメントの本数を４本に増やしても第二の実施形態の２本と同等の作用効果が得られる事は言うまでもないが、導体本数を更に増やす事も、十分可能である。
【００４３】
又、電気導体は、裸金属導体にて巻線し、含浸処理後、渡り部に絶縁塗装等を施しても良い。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】第一の実施形態における車両用交流発電機の主要部を示した図である。
【図２】第一の実施形態における車両用交流発電機の固定子の説明図である。
【図３】第一の実施形態における車両用交流発電機の固定子の説明図である。
【図４】第一の実施形態における車両用交流発電機の固定子の説明図である。
【図５】第１の実施形態において、各電気導体間の隙間を変更した時の冷却性と絶縁性の変化を示す説明図である。
【図６】第二の実施形態の車両用交流発電機の固定子の説明図である。
【図７】第二の実施形態の車両用交流発電機の固定子の説明図である。
【図８】第二の実施形態の車両用交流発電機の固定子の説明図である。
【図９】第二の実施形態の車両用交流発電機の固定子の説明図である。
【図１０】第三の実施形態の車両用交流発電機の固定子の説明図である。
【図１１】第三の実施形態の車両用交流発電機の固定子の説明図である。
【図１２】第三の実施形態の車両用交流発電機の固定子の説明図である。
【図１３】従来技術による車両用交流発電機の主要部を示した図である。
【符号の説明】
１車両用交流発電機
２固定子
２１電気導体
２１ａ電気導体収納部
２１ｂ電気導体渡り部
２１ｂ−１電気導体渡り稜線部
２１ｂ−２電気導体渡り頂上部
２１ｆ外径側電気導体群
２１ｇ内径側電気導体群
２２固定子鉄心
２３インシュレータ
２４スロット
２５固定子巻線の相端
２６含浸処理[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vehicular AC generator mounted on a passenger car, a truck or the like.
[0002]
[Background Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
Conventionally, various improvements have been proposed for an AC generator for a vehicle in order to achieve a small size and high output.
For improving the power generation capacity, there are many effective means such as a method using a permanent magnet as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-46550. The upper fan has to be reduced in size, and therefore the air volume is reduced. In addition, an increase in heat generation due to Joule loss is unavoidable as the power generation capacity is improved, resulting in a problem of temperature rise.
[0003]
That is, the technical point is how to increase the temperature, especially the heat of the stator electrical conductor that generates electricity, in a limited body.
Under such a technical background, as seen in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-194060, there is a water cooling technology for a generator that considers water with better heat dissipation efficiency as a cooling medium instead of air cooling. Obviously, the addition of water piping and the water jacket structure to the generator fuselage will substantially increase the physique and weight, and it does not meet the purpose in the first place. It was only used for applications.
[0004]
On the other hand, as a general prior art of air cooling, a reduction in temperature of a coil end portion (hereinafter referred to as a crossing portion) of a stator electric conductor has been mainly proposed. Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-24939, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-59744, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-227406, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-132743, and the like are known as improvements in such a transition section.
[0005]
These air-cooling technologies are attempts to improve the air flow and improve heat dissipation by devising the arrangement of each electrical conductor in the transition section. Although they are partly spaced apart from each other, they are arranged in a flat arrangement as a whole, so that a large ventilation passage is formed while covering the cooling passage, and impregnation treatment is performed to fix and fix them. The thick coating of the agent caused an increasingly large draft resistance and the cooling ability was poor.
[0006]
Further, in general, the stator electric conductor is composed of a conductor with a film, and further, an impregnating agent for fixing and fixing them is applied thereon, and these insulating layers are used to dissipate heat from the electric conductor. It was well known that it was significantly disturbing. However, it has been impractical to abolish these insulating layers or to make them thin because it causes a decrease in insulation.
[0007]
Furthermore, conventionally, the heat resistance (allowable temperature) of the electric conductor is determined by the heat deterioration temperature of the insulating layer in the portion where the electric conductors overlap, and it has been difficult to further increase the heat resistance (allowable temperature). It was.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has the advantage that all crossover electric conductors benefit from sufficient cooling air, greatly improve cooling performance, and have excellent insulation and heat resistance. Is to provide.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following configuration as technical means.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the electrical conductors are spatially separated from each other in the crossing portion of the electrical conductor, and the insulating layer thickness is made thinner than the insulating layer thickness in the storage portion located in the slot.
[0009]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the slot housing portions of the electric conductors are insulated from each other by using an electric insulating member, and the conductors are electrically insulated from each other with respect to the transition portion.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the electric conductor crossing portion is set to be equal to or smaller than the cross-sectional area of the slot housing portion.
[0010]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, electrical insulation is performed by spatially separating the crossing portions of the electrical conductors by 0.5 mm or more.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a cooling fan is disposed on the rotor facing the stator.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the crossing portion of the electric conductor is formed by a portion extending in a circumferential direction and a portion extending in the radial direction, and the axial height of the portion extending in the radial direction of the crossing portion of the electric conductor. Was within the axial direction of the cooling fan.
[0011]
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the dimensional relationship among the radial inner diameter R of the transition part of the electric conductor, the inner diameter R ′ of the laminated core of the stator, the pole core outer diameter r of the rotor, and the cooling fan outer diameter r ′ mounted on the rotor. Was set to R ′> r ≧ R> r ′.
In claim 8, the electric conductor is a plurality of substantially U-shaped segments having straight portions inserted into the slots, and one side of the stator core is formed by the turn portions of the U-shaped segments, and the other straight portion Are configured to be accommodated in the slot.
[0012]
According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, among the insulating layers of the electric conductor, the thickness of the insulating coating layer or the thickness of the fixed insulating layer is set to zero at least at the transition portion.
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is no insulating layer of the electric conductor in the transition portion, and the conductor is exposed.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the electrical conductors are spatially separated from each other in the transition portion of the electrical conductor and the insulating layer thickness is thin, the heat dissipation from the surface of the electrical conductor is remarkably improved. Thus, the temperature rise of the stator electrical conductor can be greatly reduced. For this reason, the thermal deterioration of the insulating layer is suppressed, and since each of the electric conductors is spatially separated, the heat resistance (allowable temperature) and the insulating properties of the electric conductor can be improved at the same time.
[0013]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the electrical conductors in the slot housing portion and the insulation between the electrical conductors and the laminated iron core are performed using the electrical insulation member. On the other hand, the electrical conductors in the crossing portion are insulated from each other so that the electrical conductors are spatially separated and do not interfere with each other.
As a result, the insulating property in the slot housing portion is dramatically improved, and it can sufficiently withstand the mechanical stress when the conductor is inserted. In addition, the crossing portion can ensure sufficient electrical insulation despite the fact that its insulating layer thickness is reduced.
[0014]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the electric conductor in the transition portion is set to be equal to or smaller than the cross-sectional area of the electric conductor in the slot housing portion. That is, as a method of realizing the spatially separated crossing portion, the conductor cross-sectional area is made smaller than that of the slot housing portion, so that the electrical conductors are spatially separated by a size caused by the difference in cross-sectional area. .
[0015]
As a result, it is possible to spatially separate the transition parts without increasing the envelope dimensions (axial dimension and radial dimension) of the electric conductor transition part as compared with the conventional one. AC generator can be provided.
Further, as in the invention described in claim 4, if the distance between the crossing portions of the electrical conductor is spatially separated by 0.5 mm or more, not only a sufficient electrical insulation can be ensured practically but also a sufficient heat dissipation. Sex can be secured.
[0016]
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the cooling fan is disposed on the rotor facing the stator, and the flow of cooling air (cooling air) generated here directly hits each transition portion. Therefore, the temperature rise of the stator electrical conductor can be greatly reduced.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the connecting portion of the electric conductor is formed of a portion extending in a circumferential direction and a portion extending in the radial direction. Since the cooling air from the cooling fan mainly flows from the center of the shaft toward the outer diameter direction, the cooling air effectively flows into the electric conductor connecting portion extending in the radial direction. From the above, the radial crossover part sufficiently functions as a cooling (heat dissipation) fin, and further, the crossover cooling (radiation) fin is positioned within the range of the cooling fan in the axial direction. Cooling air can flow into the cooling (heat radiation) fin portion more reliably.
[0017]
Further, by improving the cooling of the stator electric conductor described above, the cooling fan outer diameter r ′ can be made smaller than the pole core outer diameter r of the rotor, as in the seventh aspect of the invention. As a result, the fan's small diameter not only reduces fan noise, but also reduces centrifugal force applied to the fan, making it possible to manufacture this fan with a thin and inexpensive material. It becomes. Furthermore, since the cooling fan outer diameter r ′ can be reduced, the radial inner diameter R of the transition portion can also be reduced, which means that the radial outer diameter of the transition portion can be reduced as a result. As a result, the outer diameter of the frame supporting the rotor and the stator can be reduced, and the vehicle alternator can be reduced in size.
[0018]
According to the invention described in claim 8, by making the electric conductor into a plurality of substantially U-shaped segments, it becomes easy to process the electric conductor into a predetermined shape, and each electric conductor is inserted into the slot. It is very easy to insert the connecting portion so as to be spatially separated. As a result, it is naturally possible to dramatically reduce the manufacturing cost.
According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, since the insulating layer is further thinned, the heat dissipation from the surface of the electric conductor is further improved, and the temperature rise of the stator electric conductor can be greatly reduced. it can.
[0019]
According to the invention described in claim 10, since the electric conductor is exposed to the cooling air at the crossing portion, the heat radiation from the surface of the electric conductor is most improved, and the temperature rise of the stator electric conductor is drastically reduced. Can do.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The vehicle alternator of the present invention will be described based on each embodiment shown in the drawings.
[Configuration of the first embodiment]
1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a view showing a main part of an AC generator for a vehicle. FIGS. 2 to 4 are diagrams for a vehicle according to this embodiment. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the stator of the AC generator, and FIG. 5 shows changes in the cooling properties and insulating properties of the electric conductor when the gap between the electric conductor crossing ridges is changed.
[0021]
An AC generator 1 for a vehicle is directly connected to a stator 2 that serves as an armature, a rotor 3 that serves as a magnetic field, a housing 4 that supports the rotor and the stator, and generates AC power. It is composed of a rectifier 5 that converts to direct current. The rotor 3 rotates integrally with the shaft 31, and is constituted by a set of Landel-type pole cores 32, a cooling fan 33, a field coil 34, a slip ring 35, and the like.
[0022]
The shaft 31 is connected to a pulley and is rotationally driven by a traveling engine (not shown) mounted on the automobile.
The housing 4 is provided with a cooling air discharge port 41 at a portion of the stator 2 facing the electric conductor crossing portion 21b and a suction port 42 at an end surface in the axial direction.
The stator 2 includes an electric conductor 21 that constitutes a winding with the stator core 22, an iron core 22, and an insulator 23 that electrically insulates between the conductors 21, and is supported by the housing 4. The stator core 22 is a laminated core in which thin steel plates are stacked, and a plurality of slots 24 are formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof. The slot 24 is shaped so that the side surfaces are substantially parallel, and the tip opening is set narrower than the distance between the side surfaces.
[0023]
The electric conductor 21 to be wound is composed of a storage portion 21a stored in the slot 24 and a bridge portion 21b connecting the storage portions, and each conductor is located on the outer diameter side of the slot after coming out of the slot. The group 21f and the conductor group 21g located on the inner diameter side are substantially divided into two to form a crossing portion. Here, a predetermined gap is provided between the adjacent ones of the crossover portions 21b. Further, the crossing portion 21b is composed of a ridge line portion 21b-1 inclined in the same circumferential direction on the outer diameter side and the inner diameter side, and a top portion 21b-2 connecting the ridge line portions 21b-1 to each other in the axial radial direction. Yes. Further, each of the conductor crossing portions 21b is made thinner than the slot accommodating portion 21a as shown in FIG.
[0024]
In the present embodiment, these electric conductors can be easily manufactured by partially drawing a round wire with an insulating film and changing the wire diameter.
Further, the insulator 23 has a shape as shown in FIG. 3, and in this embodiment, a high heat-resistant film in which mica or the like is mixed as a material is used.
Further, the housing portion in the electrical conductor slot is subjected to an impregnation treatment 26 in order to securely fix and fix the iron core 22, the insulator 23 and the electrical conductor 21, and between the electrical conductors 21. As for the insulating layer thickness, the storage portion located in the slot is thicker than the transition portion by the amount of the impregnation treatment.
[0025]
The phase end 25 of the stator winding is electrically connected to the electrode portion 53 of the rectifier diode 52 after one end of each phase is extended in the axial direction, and the other end is electrically connected as a neutral point for three phases. Has been.
[Effects of the first embodiment]
With the above configuration, the inclination direction of the ridge line portion of the electric conductor crossing portion can be the same in each group of the conductor group located on the outer diameter side and the conductor group located on the inner diameter side. For this reason, the outer diameter side conductor group and the inner diameter side conductor group do not overlap and interfere with each other. Further, each of the conductor crossing portions 21b is thinner than the slot accommodating portion 21a as shown in FIG. 2, so that electrical insulation is ensured between the adjacent ones. It is easy to provide the predetermined gap, and even if the gap is provided, there is an advantage that the envelope dimensions (axial dimension and radial dimension) of the entire electric conductor connecting portion need not be increased as compared with the conventional case.
[0026]
In the present embodiment, the gap between the electric conductors is set to approximately 0.5 mm. As shown in FIG. 6, as a result of various tests, as a result of various tests, as a cooling property and insulation property of an electrical conductor, a substantially sufficient effect can be obtained if the gap is 0.5 mm or more. The airflow resistance of the cooling air passing between the conductors increases and sufficient cooling performance cannot be obtained, and sufficient insulation cannot be secured due to the influence of the temperature change of the conductor or vibration from the engine. It is.
[0027]
As described above, the electrical conductor 21 of the present invention completely insulates the slot accommodating portion 21a with the insulator 23, although the insulating layer that significantly hinders the heat dissipation of the electrical conductor is thinned. The crossover portion 21b can be completely electrically insulated by being spatially separated without interfering with other crossover portions.
As described above, by thinning the insulating layer of the electric conductor, the heat radiation from the surface of the electric conductor connecting portion is remarkably improved, and the temperature rise of the stator electric conductor can be greatly reduced.
[0028]
For this reason, the thermal deterioration of the insulating layer is suppressed, and each of the electrical conductors is spatially separated, so that the heat resistance (allowable temperature) and insulation of the electrical conductor can be improved at the same time.
Further, as described above, since this insulator is made of a high heat-resistant material, the heat resistance (allowable temperature for use) of the stator according to the present embodiment is dramatically increased.
[0029]
Moreover, in this embodiment, since the internal fan is provided at the axial end of the rotor and the discharge port is provided on the outer peripheral facing surface of the electric conductor crossing portion, the cooling air flows from the center of the shaft to the electric conductor crossing portion. It passes through the outer periphery of the housing, but the space between the electrical conductors is spatially separated, so this cooling air can flow into the electrical conductor without fail, further improving the cooling performance. To do. In addition, since the cooling air that has flowed in repeatedly reflects and absorbs sound waves by the electric conductors and the gaps around the electric conductors, the effect of reducing noise is remarkable.
[0030]
Furthermore, the electric conductor crossing top is arranged along the flow direction of the cooling air, and the cooling fan is arranged on the crossing top in the axial direction. This top of the crossing sufficiently serves as a cooling (heat radiation) fin and further improves the cooling performance.
As described above, in the present embodiment, it is possible to dramatically improve the cooling performance of the electric conductor, and since the space between the electric conductor crossing portions is spatially separated, the ventilation resistance of the cooling air is extremely reduced. As a result, extreme fan size reduction (diameter reduction) can be realized. Reducing the fan diameter not only reduces fan noise, but also reduces the centrifugal force applied to the fan, making it possible to manufacture the fan with a thin and inexpensive material. Furthermore, since the cooling fan can be reduced in diameter, the outer diameter in the radial direction of the transition portion can also be reduced. As a result, the outer diameter of the frame supporting the rotor and the stator can be reduced, and the vehicle alternator can be reduced in size.
[0031]
[Configuration of Second Embodiment]
6 to 9 show a second embodiment of the automotive alternator stator of the present invention.
The stator 6 includes an electric conductor segment 61 that constitutes a winding with the stator iron core 62, and an insulator 63 that electrically insulates between the iron core 62 and the conductor 61.
[0032]
The winding is constituted by a large number of electrically connected conductor segments 61, and is configured such that one side of the side surface in the axial direction of the stator core 62 is a turn part 61d and the other is a connection part 61e.
The conductor segment 61 includes a storage portion 61a stored in the slot 64 and a transition portion 61b connecting the storage portions, and a predetermined gap is provided between the adjacent transition portions 61b to ensure electrical insulation. Further, the crossing portion 61b includes an outer layer, an inner layer and a ridge line portion 61b-1 that is inclined in the same circumferential direction, and a top portion 61b-2 that connects the ridge line portions 61b-1 to each other in the axial radial direction. Here, the top portion 61b-2 is, in other words, the turn portion 61d and the connection portion 61e.
[0033]
Furthermore, a step portion 61c as shown in FIG. 7 is provided in the crossover portion 61b of the conductor segment 61. As a result, the cross-sectional area of the crossover portion is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the slot storage portion. .
The conductor segments 61 are made of a bare metal member without an insulating film, but may have an insulating film. Further, these conductor segments can be easily produced by pressing or the like, and the material and processing costs can be reduced.
[0034]
Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the insulator 63 has a substantially S shape so as to insulate the core 62 from the conductor segments 61 and the conductor segments 61 in the slots 64 of the stator core 62. In the present embodiment, a high heat resistant film mixed with mica or the like is used as the material of the insulator 63.
Further, the housing portion in the electric conductor slot is subjected to an impregnation treatment 66 in order to securely fix and fix the iron core 62, the insulator 63 and the electric conductor 61 and between the electric conductor segments 61. As for the thickness of the insulating layer, the storage portion located in the slot is thicker than the transition portion by the amount of the impregnation treatment.
[0035]
The winding manufacturing process is carried out by using substantially the same U-shaped segment 61 composed of the outer layer side conductor portion 61f, the inner layer side conductor portion 61g, and the electric conductor turn portion 61d shown in FIG. It is overlapped so that the turn portions are aligned on the same side of the side surface, and the outer layer side conductor portion 61f is inserted so as to be positioned outside the slot and the inner layer side conductor portion 61g is positioned inside the slot. The segment 61 is manufactured by bending a copper flat plate into a substantially U shape by pressing or the like, and is press-fitted so that both side surfaces of the outer diameter side and inner diameter side conductor portions are in contact with each other via insulators 63 on substantially parallel slot side surfaces. The
[0036]
After that, after bending the tip of each conductor portion opposite to the turn portion in the circumferential direction opposite to the outer diameter side conductor and the inner diameter side conductor, the conductors in different phases are connected so as to be electrically connected.
[Effects of Second Embodiment]
By setting it as said structure, the inclination direction of a ridgeline part can be made into the same direction in each layer of an inner layer outer layer among the electric conductor transition parts. For this reason, when considering only the inner layer side or the outer layer side, the electric conductor ridge line portions do not interfere with each other.
[0037]
Further, since the step 61c as shown in FIG. 7 is provided in the electric conductor crossing portion, the envelope of the electric conductor crossing portion is also applied to the portions where the inner and outer layer ridge lines are inclined and cross adjacent to each other. A sufficient gap can be provided without increasing the dimensions (dimensions in the axial direction and dimensions in the radial direction) compared to the conventional one, and there is no interference with other ridge lines.
[0038]
Thus, although the conductor segment 61 of the present invention is made of a bare metal member that eliminates the insulating film that significantly hindered the heat dissipation of the electrical conductor, the slot housing portion 61a is completely covered by the insulator 63. It is possible to completely electrically insulate the crossover portion 61b by spatially separating the crossover portion 61b without interfering with other crossover portions.
[0039]
As described above, in the second embodiment, since the electric conductor is formed into a plurality of substantially U-shaped segments, it is easy to process the electric conductor into a predetermined shape such as providing a stepped portion on the electric conductor. The spatial separation can be easily provided without using a special jig. As a result, it is naturally possible to dramatically reduce the manufacturing cost.
[Third embodiment]
10 to 12 show a third embodiment. In the second embodiment, there are two electrical conductor segments that are inserted through one slot of the stator, but the difference is that four are provided. By increasing the number of conductors, the method for ensuring insulation is slightly complicated, but the basic configuration is the same as in the second embodiment.
[0040]
The conductor segments 7a and 7b are shaped so that the conductor segment 61 shown in FIG. 7 of the second embodiment is roughly divided into two halves. In this case, since it is necessary to newly insulate between the conductor segments 7a and 7b, the following configuration is adopted.
First, the shape of the stepped portion of the conductor segment 7a located on the outside after approximately two divisions is the same as that of the conductor segment 61 shown in FIG. 7 of the first embodiment. About 7b, the step part is provided in the both sides of the crossover part. This is because, after inserting each conductor segment, each conductor crossing portion is inclined to ensure a sufficient insulating gap in a portion adjacent to each other.
[0041]
As shown in FIG. 11, for example, the insulation in the slot can be achieved by using an insulator 73 in which approximately two S-shapes are arranged. In addition, an impregnation treatment 76 is applied to the storage portion in the electric conductor slot in order to securely fix and fix the iron core 72, the insulator 73, the electric conductors 7a, 7b, and the electric conductor segments 7a, 7b. ing.
[0042]
[Other Embodiments]
In the first embodiment, the electric conductors in one slot of the stator are divided into two electric conductor groups, the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side, but the number of electric conductor groups can be further increased.
Further, as in the third embodiment, even if the number of electric conductor segments inserted through one slot of the stator is increased to four, the same effect as that of the second embodiment can be obtained. Needless to say, it is possible to further increase the number of conductors.
[0043]
The electric conductor may be wound with a bare metal conductor, and after the impregnation treatment, an insulating coating or the like may be applied to the transition portion.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a main part of a vehicular AC generator in a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the stator of the vehicle alternator according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a stator of a vehicle AC generator in the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the stator of the vehicle alternator according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing changes in cooling properties and insulation properties when the gaps between the electrical conductors are changed in the first embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a stator of a vehicle AC generator according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a stator of a vehicle AC generator according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a stator of a vehicle AC generator according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a stator of a vehicle AC generator according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a stator of a vehicle AC generator according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a stator of a vehicle AC generator according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a stator of a vehicle AC generator according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a main part of a vehicle AC generator according to the prior art.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle alternator 2 Stator 21 Electric conductor 21a Electric conductor accommodating part 21b Electric conductor crossover part 21b-1 Electric conductor crossover ridge part 21b-2 Electric conductor crossover top 21f Outer diameter side electric conductor group 21g Inner diameter side electric conductor Group 22 Stator core 23 Insulator 24 Slot 25 Stator winding phase end 26 Impregnation treatment

Claims

In a vehicle AC generator having a Landel-type field rotor that alternately forms NS poles in the rotational circumferential direction, and a frame that supports the rotor and the stator,
The stator includes a laminated iron core having a plurality of slots and an electric conductor housed in the slot, and the electric conductor is connected to a housing portion located in the slot and a connecting portion between the housing portions. The crossing portion is composed of a ridge line portion inclined in the circumferential direction and a top portion connecting the ridge line portions to each other in the axial radial direction. In the ridge line portion of the electric conductor crossing portion, each of the electric conductors And the insulating layer thickness is made thinner than the insulating layer thickness in the storage portion located in the slot.

In claim 1,
In the slot housing portion of the electric conductor, there is an electric insulating member between each contact surface of the electric conductor and the laminated iron core of the stator to insulate each other, while in the crossing portion, the electric conductor An AC generator for a vehicle, wherein each conductor is spatially separated and electrically insulated so as not to interfere with each other.

In claim 1 or 2,
The vehicular AC generator is characterized in that the crossover portion of the electric conductor does not overlap or contact other crossover portions, and the cross-sectional area thereof is equal to or smaller than the cross-sectional area of the slot housing portion.

In any one of Claims 1-3,
The vehicular AC generator is characterized in that the crossing portions of the electrical conductors are electrically insulated from each other by a distance of 0.5 mm or more.

In any one of Claims 1-4,
An AC generator for vehicles, wherein a cooling fan is disposed on at least one side of both axial end portions of the rotor facing the stator.

In any one of Claims 1-5,
The transition portion of the electric conductor includes a portion extending in a circumferential direction and a portion extending in the radial direction, and an axial position of the portion extending in the radial direction is within an axial range of the cooling fan. A vehicle alternator characterized by that.

In any one of Claims 1-6,
The radial inner diameter dimension of the transition portion of the electric conductor is R, the inner diameter dimension of the laminated core of the stator is R ′, the outer diameter of the pole core of the rotor is r, and the outer shape of the cooling fan mounted on the rotor. A vehicle alternator characterized in that R ′> r ≧ R> r ′ for at least one stator and rotor when R ′ is r ′.

In any one of Claims 1-7,
The electric conductor is composed of a plurality of substantially U-shaped segments having straight portions inserted into the slots, and one side of the stator core is formed by a turn portion of the U-shaped segment, and the other straight portion And an AC generator for a vehicle, wherein the AC generator is stored in the slot.

In any one of Claims 1-8,
The insulating layer is composed of an insulating film layer of the conductor and a fixing / insulating layer by impregnation treatment, and at least the connecting portion is composed of only the insulating film layer or the fixing insulating layer. Generator.

In any one of Claims 1-8,
In the crossing part, the conductor is made of a bare metal member.