JP3743119B2 - Fuel cell power generation system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to an improvement in a fuel cell power generation system in which raw material gas is reformed and hydrogen gas is supplied to a battery body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  Conventionally, the fuel and oxidant (air, oxygen, etc.) exchange electrons at the cathode and anode, respectively, in the battery without burning the chemical energy of fuel such as water and alcohols into heat. A fuel cell that has an electrode reaction and a reaction of the same form as the combustion reaction of the fuel as a whole can exhibit high heat exchange efficiency, so that it is a power source for hospitals, schools, buildings, and other facilities. It is being applied as.
[0003]
  FIG. 4 is a piping system diagram schematically showing a configuration of a conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system (100X). In the figure, reference numeral (101) denotes a battery body, and a cathode (102) and an anode (103) are provided inside the battery body (101). (120) compresses the outside air taken in.Battery body(101) is an air compressor for feeding into the gas etc., (121) is a desulfurizer for removing sulfur components in city gas, (122) is a gas compressor for compressing the desulfurized city gas to high pressure (124) is a tank for storing water sent via the pump (123) etc., (126) is city gas sent from the gas compressor (122) and from the tank (124) via the pump (125) Reformers for generating reformed gas by reacting with water to be sent, (127a, 127b) are a high temperature transformer and a low temperature transformer for modifying the reformed gas generated in the reformer (126) , (128) show partial oxidation reactors for further oxidizing the CO gas in the reformed gas coming out of the transformer (127b) and sending it to the battery body (101). Further, (131) is a radiator for dissipating the battery cooling water, (132) is a condenser for condensing water vapor generated in the reformer (126), and (136) is water vapor generated at the cathode (102). (137) denotes a condenser for condensing water vapor generated at the anode (103). The water generated in each condenser (131, 136, 137) is returned to the tank (124), while the gas is discharged to the outside.
[0004]
  Further, a water supply system (140) for supplying water to the reformer (126) is provided in the fuel cell power generation system (100X). A pump (125) and a water treatment device (142) are interposed in the water flow path (141) of the water supply system (140).
[0005]
  Furthermore, a first heat exchanger (151) provided at the outlet of the reformer (126), a second heat exchanger (152) provided at the outlet of the high temperature transformer (127a), and a low temperature transformer ( The third heat exchanger (153) provided at the outlet of 127b) and the fourth heat exchanger (154) provided at the outlet of the partial oxidation reactor (128) are arranged, and each heat exchange The chambers (151, 152, 153, 154) accommodate a gas side heat exchange coil interposed in the passage through which the reformed gas flows and a water side heat exchange coil interposed in the water flow passage (141). That is, the water-side heat exchange coil and the gas-side heat exchange coil perform heat exchange between the reformed gas and the water in the water passage (141) to cool the reformed gas and recover the exhaust heat. It is configured. Note that (155) is discharged from the anode exhaust gas and cathode exhaust gas that are discharged from the anode (103) and cathode (102) of the battery body (101) and sent to the reformer (126) and the reformer (126). The 5th heat exchanger for performing heat exchange with combustion exhaust gas is shown.
[0006]
  Furthermore, (134) is a mixer for mixing the city gas passed through the desulfurizer (121) and the water in the water flow passage (141), and (135) isairThe mixers for mixing the outside air sent from the compressor (120) and the gas exiting from the low temperature transformer (127b) are shown. The reformer (126) includes an exhaust gas chamber (111) for receiving anode exhaust gas and cathode exhaust gas, a combustion chamber (112) for burning anode exhaust gas and cathode exhaust gas, and a mixer ( 134) is provided with a reforming catalyst layer (113) for generating a reformed gas by reacting a mixed gas of city gas and steam sent from (134). The exhaust gas chamber (111), the combustion chamber (112), and the reforming catalyst layer (113) constitute a reformer combustor (110X).
[0007]
  Next, the operation in the fuel cell power generation system (100X) will be described.
[0008]
  First, in the water supply system (140), water discharged from the tank (124) is converted into a water treatment device (142), a fourth heat exchanger (154), a third heat exchanger (153), and a second heat exchange. The heat is passed through the furnace (152) and the first heat exchanger (151) in this order to form steam and sent to the mixer (134). In the mixer (134), the desulfurized city gas sent from the gas compressor (122) and the steam sent from the water supply system (140) are mixed and burned for the reformer in the reformer (126). Enter the vessel (110X). On the other hand, an anode gas containing hydrogen gas is sent from the anode (103) of the battery body (101), and a cathode exhaust gas containing water vapor and air is sent from the cathode (102), and both are mixed in the exhaust gas chamber (111). Is done. Then, in the reformer combustor (110X), the exhaust gas is combusted in the combustion chamber (112), and the city gas and steam are heated in the presence of the catalyst in the reforming catalyst layer (113), and mainly CO2.₂ A reformed gas containing gas and hydrogen gas is generated.
[0009]
  Thereafter, as this reformed gas passes through the high temperature transformer (127a), the low temperature transformer (127b) and the partial oxidation reactor (128), the CO gas component is reduced and then sent to the battery body (101). . However, in the partial oxidation reactor (128), the CO gas is further oxidized by mixing the air sent from the air compressor (120) with the reformed gas coming out of the low temperature transformer (127b). Then, in the battery body (101), hydrogen sent from the partial oxidation reactor (128) is combined with oxygen in the air sent from the air compressor (120), and ions generated at that time are combined with the cathode (102 ) And electric power can be obtained by changing the charge to the anode (103).
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  In the conventional fuel cell power generation system described above, reactors such as a reformer (126), a high temperature transformer (127a), a low temperature transformer (127b), and a partial oxidation reactor (128) are arranged separately from each other. . This is a natural configuration because the reaction temperature in each reactor (126, 127a, 127b, 128) is different.
[0011]
  However, since the reactors (126, 127a, 127b, 128) are separated from each other in this way, it is necessary to individually cover the reactors (126, 127a, 127b, 128) with a heat insulating material. There was a problem that the capacity of the entire power generation system was increased and heat loss was also large.
[0012]
  The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and the object of the present invention is to reduce the overall size and heat loss by taking measures that can aggregate the reactors without adversely affecting the reaction between the reactors. Is to provide a small fuel cell power generation system.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve the above object, the means taken by the present invention is to form the reformer and each reactor in a hollow plate shape and laminate them.
[0014]
  According to a first fuel cell power generation system of the present invention, as described in claim 1, a battery main body (101) configured to cause an electrode reaction between hydrogen and oxygen at an anode (103) and a cathode (102). ), A reformer (126) for burning the raw material in the presence of water to generate a reformed gas containing hydrogen, and reducing the CO gas in the reformed gas exiting from the reformer (126) A fuel cell power generation system including a reactor for performing a reaction for the purpose is assumed. The reformer (126) includes a reforming catalyst layer (113) for generating the reformed gas from a raw material, and a combustion chamber (112) for heating the reforming catalyst layer (113). A gas supply unit for supplying anode exhaust gas and cathode exhaust gas discharged from the anode (103) to the combustion chamber (112), the reforming catalyst layer (113), the combustion chamber (112), and The gas supply units are each provided in a hollow plate shape, and are laminated in three layers as a whole.
[0015]
  Claim 1The invention-specific matters are described in FIG. According to claim 1, since the reformer (126) has a three-layer structure as a whole, the heat transfer efficiency in the interior is increased and the heat loss is reduced. Therefore, the fuel cell system as a whole is made compact and power generation efficiency is improved.
[0016]
  AlsoThe fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1.ThenThe gas supply unit is disposed on the side of the combustion chamber (112) in the cathode exhaust gas chamber (115) occupying the entire lowermost layer and an intermediate layer on the cathode exhaust gas chamber (115), and receives the anode exhaust gas. A combustion catalyst layer (116), the combustion chamber (112) is disposed on the side of the intermediate combustion catalyst layer (116), and the reforming catalyst layer (113) is disposed on the combustion catalyst layer (116). ) And the top layer above the combustion chamber (112)is doing.
[0017]
  As a result, the anode exhaust gas is combusted in the combustion catalyst layer (116) and is supplied to the combustion chamber (112) after reaching a high temperature, so that it has a function of smoothly performing the combustion in the combustion chamber (112). The mass device (126) can be configured compactly.
[0018]
  The second fuel cell power generation system of the present invention comprises:Claim 2In the battery body (101) configured to cause an electrode reaction between hydrogen and oxygen at the anode (103) and the cathode (102), the raw material is combusted in the presence of water to generate hydrogen. A reformer (126) for generating a reformed gas, at least two reactors for performing a reaction for reducing CO gas in the reformed gas exiting from the reformer (126), and the reformer A gas flow path (180) configured by sequentially connecting the reactor (126), each reactor, and the battery body (101) by gas piping, and a water flow path (water flow path through which water supplied to the reformer (126) flows) 141) is assumed. The at least two reactors are each provided in a hollow plate shape, and are stacked with a hollow plate-shaped water container through which water in the water flow passageway (141) flows.
[0019]
  Claims 2-7The invention-specific matters are described in FIG. 1 and FIG.Claim 2Therefore, it is not necessary to individually cover each reactor with a heat insulating material, so that the entire fuel cell power generation system is made compact. In addition, since the heat transfer efficiency is improved, both the exhaust heat recovery efficiency using the water flow passage (141) and the cooling effect of the reformed gas are increased.
[0020]
  For the reactor above,Claims 3-6There are the following aspects.
[0021]
  Claim 3As described inClaim 2In the fuel cell power generation system described in 1), the reactor may be a transformer (127) and a partial oxidation reactor (128).
[0022]
  Claim 4As described inClaim 2In the fuel cell power generation system described in 1), the reactor can be a high temperature transformer (127a) and a low temperature transformer (127b) stacked with a water container (147) interposed therebetween.
[0023]
  Claim 5As described inClaim 2In the fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, the reactors are a high temperature transformer (127a), a low temperature transformer (127b), and a partial oxidation reactor (128) stacked with a water container (147,146) interposed therebetween, respectively. Can do.
[0024]
  Claim 6As described inClaim 2In the fuel cell power generation system described in (1), the reactor may be a low temperature transformer (127b) and a partial oxidation reactor (128) stacked with a water container (146) interposed therebetween.
[0025]
  Claim 7As described inClaim 3, 5 or 6In the fuel cell power generation system described in the above, a hollow plate-shaped water container (145) through which water in the water flow passage (141) flows and the gas flow passage (180) on the partial oxidation reactor (128). A hollow plate-like gas container (183) through which the reformed gas flows can be laminated.
[0026]
  Thus, the reaction heat of the partial oxidation reactor (128) can be recovered while cooling the reformed gas supplied to the battery body (101).
[0027]
  Claim 8As described inClaim 4, 5 or 6In the fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, in place of the water container (146 or 147), water in the water flow path (141) is placed in a hollow plate-shaped container in which the reformed gas in the gas flow path (180) flows. There may be provided a heat exchanger (152, 153) containing a coil through which the gas flows.
[0028]
  Claim 9As described inClaim 7In the fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, in place of the water container (145) and the gas container (183), the water flow passage (in the hollow plate-like container through which the reformed gas in the gas flow passage (180) flows. 141) may be provided with a heat exchanger (154) containing a coil through which water flows.
[0029]
  Claim 10As described inClaim 4 or 5The reformer (126) is provided in the shape of a hollow plate, and the reformer (126) and the high-temperature transformer (127a) are modified from the gas flow path (180). The hollow plate-shaped gas container (181) through which the quality gas flows and the hollow plate-shaped raw material delivery container (182) through which the water and the raw material gas flow through the water flow passage (141) can be stacked.
[0030]
  Thereby, the whole fuel cell power generation system becomes further compact.
[0031]
  The third fuel cell power generation system of the present invention is:Claim 11In the battery body (101) configured to cause an electrode reaction between hydrogen and oxygen at the anode (103) and the cathode (102), the raw material is combusted in the presence of water to generate hydrogen. A reformer (126) for generating a reformed gas, at least two reactors for performing a reaction for reducing CO gas in the reformed gas exiting from the reformer (126), and the reformer A gas flow path (180) configured by sequentially connecting the reactor (126), each reactor, and the battery body (101) by gas piping, and a water flow path (water flow path through which water supplied to the reformer (126) flows) 141) is assumed. The reformer (126) and the transformer (127) are provided in a hollow plate shape,The gas flow path (180) In the hollow plate-like container through which the reformed gas flows (141) It is equipped with a coil that circulates water and source gas..
[0032]
  Thereby, the reformed gas flowing through the gas container (181), andHeat exchanger (151) CoilSince the heat exchange between the raw material flowing through the water and the water is performed efficiently, the high-temperature reformed gas coming out of the reformer (126) is cooled, and the raw material and water are preheated to reform the reformer. The reforming reaction in (126) is promoted.
[0033]
  Claim 12As described inClaim 10In the fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, in place of the two hollow plate gas containers (181) and the raw material delivery container (182), a hollow plate container in which the reformed gas in the gas flow passage (180) flows. A heat exchanger (151) comprising a coil through which water and raw material gas in the water flow passage (141) circulate can be provided.
[0034]
  Claim 13As described inClaim 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12In the fuel cell power generation system described in the above, a cathode exhaust gas supply path for flowing exhaust gas from the cathode (102) of the battery body (101) to the reformer (126), and an anode (103) of the battery body (101) ) Exhaust gas supply passage for flowing the exhaust gas to the reformer (126), combustion exhaust gas discharge passage for discharging the combustion exhaust gas of the reformer (126), and the cathode exhaust gas supply passage. A first gas container (155a), a second gas container (155b) interposed in the combustion gas discharge path, and a third gas container (155c) interposed in the anode exhaust gas supply path The first to third gas containers (155a, 155b, 155c) can be sequentially stacked.
[0035]
  Thus, when the exhaust gas from the battery body (101) is used as a heating source for the reforming reaction, it becomes possible to incorporate the exhaust gas supply system into the laminate and use the heat of the combustion exhaust gas as part of the heat source. .
[0036]
  Claim 14As described inClaim 13In the fuel cell power generation system described in the above, the reformer (126), the reactors and the gas containers (155a to 155c), the one having a high internal gas temperature in the center, the internal gas temperature It is preferable to stack and integrate them while disposing a low one on the outer edge.
[0037]
  As a result, the entire fuel cell system is integrated in a very compact manner, and the heat loss is reduced and the power generation efficiency is extremely increased.
[0038]
  Claim 15As described inClaim 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12In at least one of the reactors described above, a coil interposed in the water flow path (141) can be accommodated.
[0039]
  Thereby, the inside of each reactor can be cooled more reliably and controlled to a desired temperature.
[0040]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    (First embodiment)
  FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation system (100A) according to a first embodiment. Although illustration of the battery main body and its peripheral members is omitted in FIG. 1, the same members as shown in FIG. 4 are provided.
[0041]
  In FIG. 1, (121) is a desulfurizer for removing sulfur components in city gas, (122) is a gas compressor for compressing the desulfurized city gas to high pressure, and (134) is a gas compressor. A mixer for mixing the city gas sent from (122) and the water sent from the tank (124) through the water passage (141), (126) is a city gas and steam sent from the mixer (134) (127a, 127b) are a high-temperature transformer and a low-temperature transformer for reducing CO gas in the reformed gas produced by the reformer (126). , (128) shows a partial oxidation reactor for further oxidizing the CO gas in the reformed gas coming out of the low temperature transformer (127b) and sending it to the battery body (101). And (135) isairMixers (145, 146, 147) for mixing the outside air sent from the compressor (120) and the gas exiting from the low temperature transformer (127b) are first to third water interposed in the water flow passage (141), respectively. Containers, (181) and (183) are reformed gas receiving containers and reformed gas delivery containers interposed in the reformed gas flow passage (180), and (182) is a city supplied to the reformer (126). The raw material delivery containers through which gas and steam circulate are shown respectively.
[0042]
  Here, the first feature of this embodiment is that the reformed gas receiving container (181), the raw material delivery container (182), the high temperature transformer (127a), the third water container (147), the low temperature transformer (127b). ), The second water container (146), the partial oxidation reactor (128), the first water container (147), and the reformed gas delivery container (183) are all hollow plate-like containers, which are stacked in order from the bottom. It is the point of having the integrated structure made.
[0043]
  In addition, the second feature of the present embodiment is that the fifth heat exchanger (155) is not formed by housing a heat exchange coil as shown in FIG. It is a point that has been. However, the second combustion exhaust gas container (155d) may not be provided. This is because the exhaust heat can be recovered using only the first combustion exhaust gas container (155b).
[0044]
  The structure of the reformer (126) is the same as that of the reformer (126) in the conventional fuel cell power generation system (100X) shown in FIG.
[0045]
  That is, in the present embodiment, the same function as the first heat exchanger (151) shown in FIG. 4 is obtained by the reformed gas receiving container (181) and the raw material delivery container (182). Further, the first water heat exchanger (145) and the reformed gas delivery container (183) provide the same function as the fourth heat exchanger (154) shown in FIG. In addition, the second water container (146) and the third water container(147)Is a heat exchange with the reformed gas in the high temperature transformer (127a), the low temperature transformer (127b) and the partial oxidation reactor (128), and the exhaust gas is recovered while cooling the reformed gas. Thus, it has the same function as the second heat exchanger (152) and the third heat exchanger (153), and also has a function of cooling each reactor (127a, 127b, 128).
[0046]
  Next, the operation of the fuel cell power generation system (100A) according to this embodiment will be described.
[0047]
  First, in the water passage (141), water from the tank passes through the first water heat exchanger (145) to the third water heat exchanger (157) in the mixer (134).gasAfter being mixed with the city gas supplied from the compressor (122), it is supplied from the raw material feeder (182) to the reformer (126). Meanwhile, the water is almost in a steam state by heat exchange with the reformed gas of each reactor (127a, 127b, 128) and the like. On the other hand, after the anode exhaust gas supplied via the anode exhaust gas container (155a) and the cathode exhaust gas supplied via the cathode exhaust gas container (155c) are mixed in the exhaust gas chamber (111), the combustion chamber (112 ) To burn. By this combustion, the city gas and steam that have entered the reforming catalyst layer (113) of the reformer (126) are heated, and a reformed gas containing a large amount of hydrogen is generated. Thereafter, as this reformed gas passes through the high temperature transformer (127a), the low temperature transformer (127b) and the partial oxidation reactor (128), the CO gas component is reduced and then sent to the battery body (101). . This basic gas flow is the same as the gas flow in the conventional fuel cell power generation system (100X).
[0048]
  The combustion exhaust gas from the reformer (126) is cooled by heat exchange with the anode exhaust gas and the cathode exhaust gas in the fifth heat exchanger (155), and then stored in the tank.
[0049]
  This is also the same as the flow of combustion exhaust gas in the conventional fuel cell power generation system (100X).
[0050]
  In this embodiment, the following effects can be exhibited by having a structure in which the reactors (127a, 127b, 128) and the water containers (145, 146, 147) are stacked.
[0051]
  First, since it is not necessary to individually cover each reactor (127a, 127b, 128) with a heat insulating material, the entire apparatus becomes compact.
[0052]
  Secondly, the heat transfer area is expanded compared to conventional heat exchange using coils, improving heat exchange efficiency, shortening the start-up time of the equipment, and making the entire equipment compact. It is.
[0053]
  Third, because the reactor (127a, 127b, 128) can be cooled with water having a large cooling capacity, the efficiency of exhaust heat recovery can be improved while reliably preventing overheating of the reactor (127a, 127b, 128). Extremely high.
[0054]
  Further, since the fifth heat exchanger (155) also has a laminated structure of plate-like members, the heat exchange efficiency is increased by increasing the heat transfer area, so that the exhaust heat recovery efficiency of the combustion exhaust gas by the anode exhaust gas and the cathode exhaust gas is increased. As a result, the entire apparatus can be made more compact.
[0055]
    (Second Embodiment)
  FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of the fuel cell power generation system (100B) according to the second embodiment.
[0056]
  As shown in FIG. 2, the fuel cell power generation system (100B) according to the present embodiment includes a stack of reactors (127a, 127b, 128) and water containers (145, 146, 147) according to the first embodiment. In addition to the laminated body of the fifth heat exchanger (155), the reformer (126) is also made into a laminated structure, and the whole is constituted by one laminated body.
[0057]
  That is, the reformer (126) of the present embodiment has a three-layer laminated structure. The lowermost layer is provided with a cathode exhaust gas chamber (115) for receiving a gas mainly composed of nitrogen, oxygen and water vapor from the cathode. The intermediate layer is provided with a combustion catalyst layer (116) and a combustion chamber (112). Further, the reforming catalyst layer (113) is provided as the uppermost layer. A large number of small holes for supplying the cathode exhaust gas to the upper combustion chamber (112) are provided in the ceiling portion of the cathode exhaust gas chamber (115). The large number of small holes are densely formed in a region close to the combustion catalyst layer (116) and roughly in a region away from the combustion catalyst layer (116). In other words, the closer to the inlet of the mixed gas of city gas and steam to the reforming catalyst layer (113), the larger the supply amount of cathode exhaust gas, the more combustion heat is generated and the heat absorption and heat generation are balanced. Has been.
[0058]
  The gas flow and water flow in the fuel cell system (100B) of the present embodiment are the same as in the first embodiment. However, in the present embodiment, the flow of anode exhaust gas and cathode exhaust gas from the battery body (101) in the reformer (126) is different from that in the first embodiment.
[0059]
  Cathode exhaust gas containing air (oxygen, nitrogen) and water vapor is sent from the cathode (102) of the battery body (101) into the cathode exhaust gas chamber (115). In addition, anode exhaust gas containing hydrogen gas is sent from the anode (103) to the combustion catalyst layer (116), and a small amount of cathode exhaust gas or air is added to the anode exhaust gas through a gas pipe (not shown). However, the addition of this minute amount of air is not always necessary. Then, the anode exhaust gas burns in the presence of the catalyst in the combustion catalyst layer (116), becomes a high temperature, and is supplied to the combustion chamber (112). On the other hand, cathode exhaust gas is supplied to the combustion chamber (112) from the cathode exhaust gas chamber (115) through a small hole, and both are mixed and burned in the combustion chamber (112). As a result, the city gas is heated in the reforming catalyst layer (113) in the presence of the reforming catalyst, and mainly CO2.₂ A reformed gas containing gas and hydrogen gas is generated.
[0060]
  According to the present embodiment, the reformer (126) is also configured as a stacked body, and the entire structure is made into one stacked body, so that the same effect as in the first embodiment can be exhibited more remarkably. Thus, the following effects can be obtained.
[0061]
  That is, the reformer (126) is formed by stacking three layers, the cathode exhaust gas chamber (115) being the lowermost layer, the combustion catalyst layer (116) and the combustion chamber (115) being the middle layer, Since the reforming catalyst layer (113) is provided in the uppermost layer, the heat transfer effect when heating the reforming catalyst layer (113) is greatly increased. Therefore, the efficiency of the reforming reaction in the reformer (126) is greatly improved as compared with a conventional structure in which a combustor is installed in a vessel. Moreover, the structure of the reformer (126) is composed of only a portion that functions as the reformer combustor (110X) in the conventional reformer (126) shown in FIG. Can do.
[0062]
  However, the combustion catalyst layer (116) in the present embodiment is not necessarily required, and the three members are made by using the exhaust gas chamber (111), the combustion chamber (112), and the reforming catalyst layer (113) as a plate-like member as in the prior art. It may be laminated.
[0063]
  The reaction temperature in the reformer (126) is about 800 ° C., the reaction temperature in the high temperature transformer (127a) is about 400 ° C., and the reaction temperature in the low temperature transformer (127b) is about 200 ° C., The reaction temperature in the partial oxidation reactor (128) is about 140 ° C. In other words, a reactor that reacts at a high temperature is arranged at the center of the laminate, and a reactor that reacts at a low temperature is arranged at the outer edge. The efficiency can be greatly improved.
[0064]
    (Third embodiment)
  Next, a third embodiment will be described.
[0065]
  FIG. 3A shows an example in which a plate-like member functioning as a heat exchanger is provided in place of the water container (145, 146, 147) in the first and second embodiments. That is, a water coil interposed in the water flow passage (141) is housed in a hollow plate-shaped container interposed in the gas flow passage (180) through which the reformed gas flows, and the whole is shown in FIG. This is an example of functioning as first to fourth heat exchangers (151, 152, 153, 154). However, although fins are provided in the coils in FIGS. 3A and 3B, these fins are not necessarily required.
[0066]
  FIG. 3 (b) shows an example in which a coil interposed in the water flow passage (141) is accommodated in each reactor (127a, 127b, 128) formed in a plate shape.
[0067]
  The water container (145, 146, 147) in the first or second embodiment has the structure shown in FIG. 3 (a), so that the reformed gas discharged from each reactor (126, 127a, 127b, 128) and water By heat exchange, exhaust heat recovery and reformed gas cooling can be performed.
[0068]
  In addition, since the reactor (127a, 127b, 128) has the structure shown in FIG. 3B, heat exchange between water and the reformed gas is performed in the reactor (127a, 127b, 128). Reactor (127a, 127b, 128) can be cooled more effectively, and wasteful heat generation such as oxidation reaction of hydrogen gas caused by excessive temperature rise of CO gas and wasteful consumption of raw material of fuel cell are surely suppressed it can. Therefore, a fuel cell power generation system with particularly high power generation efficiency can be configured while having a compact structure.
[0069]
  In each of the above-described embodiments, the transformer is not necessarily constituted by the high-temperature transformer (127a) and the low-temperature transformer (127b), and may be constituted by a single transformer. .
[0070]
【The invention's effect】
  Claims 1-15According to the fuel cell system having a reformer, a reactor, a battery main body, etc., each reactor and reformer are provided in a hollow plate shape and are stacked so that the fuel cell system is compact. And improvement of power generation efficiency by reducing heat loss.
[0071]
  In particular, since a plate-shaped water container interposed in the water flow path for supplying the reforming reaction water to the reformer is interposed between the reactors, the exhaust heat of the reformed gas is recovered and modified. The gas and the reactor can be cooled efficiently.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a piping system diagram schematically showing a configuration of a fuel cell power generation system according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of a reformer combustion chamber according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a plate member according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a piping system diagram schematically showing a configuration of a conventional fuel cell power generation system.
[Explanation of symbols]
  100 Fuel cell power generation system
  101 Battery body
  102 cathode
  103 anode
  110 Combustor for reformer
  111 Exhaust gas chamber
  112 Combustion chamber
  113 Reforming catalyst layer
  115 Cathode exhaust chamber
  116 Combustion catalyst layer
  120 air compressor
  121 Desulfurizer
  122 Gas compressor
  123 pump
  124 tanks
  125 pump
  126 reformer
  126a burner
  127 Transformer
  128 partial oxidation reactor
  131 Heatsink
  132 Condenser
  136 condenser
  137 condenser
  140 Water supply system
  141 Water passage
  142 Water treatment equipment
  145 1st water container
  146 Second water container
  147 3rd water container
  151 1st heat exchanger
  152 Second heat exchanger
  153 3rd heat exchanger
  154 4th heat exchanger
  155 Fifth heat exchanger
  155a Cathode exhaust gas container
  155b First combustion exhaust gas container
  155c Anode exhaust gas container
  155d Second flue gas container
  181 Reformed gas receiving container
  182 Raw material delivery container
  183 Reformed gas delivery container

Claims (15)

A battery body (101) configured to cause an electrode reaction between hydrogen and oxygen at an anode (103) and a cathode (102), and reforming to generate a reformed gas containing hydrogen by reacting the raw material with water A fuel cell power generation system comprising: a reactor (126); and a reactor for performing a reaction for reducing CO gas in the reformed gas exiting from the reformer (126).
The reformer (126) includes a reforming catalyst layer (113) for generating the reformed gas from a raw material, a combustion chamber (112) for heating the reforming catalyst layer (113), and the above A gas supply unit for supplying anode exhaust gas and cathode exhaust gas discharged from the anode (103) to the combustion chamber (112);
The reforming catalyst layer (113), the combustion chamber (112), and the gas supply unit are each provided in a hollow plate shape, and are laminated in three layers as a whole .
The gas supply unit is a cathode exhaust gas chamber (115) occupying the entire lowermost layer , and an intermediate layer above the cathode exhaust gas chamber (115) is disposed on the side of the combustion chamber (112) and receives the anode exhaust gas A catalyst layer (116) ,
The combustion chamber (112) is disposed on the side of the combustion catalyst layer (116) in the intermediate layer ,
The fuel cell power generation system, wherein the reforming catalyst layer (113) is disposed in an uppermost layer above the combustion catalyst layer (116) and the combustion chamber (112) . A battery body (101) configured to cause an electrode reaction between hydrogen and oxygen at an anode (103) and a cathode (102), and reforming to generate a reformed gas containing hydrogen by reacting the raw material with water A reactor (126), at least two reactors for performing a reaction for reducing CO gas in the reformed gas exiting from the reformer (126), the reformer (126), each reactor, and a battery body A fuel cell power generation system comprising a gas flow passage (180) configured by sequentially connecting (101) with gas pipes and a water flow passage (141) through which water supplied to the reformer (126) flows ,
The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the at least two reactors are each provided in a hollow plate shape, and are stacked with a hollow plate-shaped water container through which water in the water flow passage (141) flows. The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 2 ,
The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the reactor is a transformer (127) and a partial oxidation reactor (128). The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 2 ,
The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the reactor is a high temperature transformer (127a) and a low temperature transformer (127b) stacked with a water container (147) interposed therebetween. The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 2 ,
The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the reactor is a high-temperature transformer (127a), a low-temperature transformer (127b), and a partial oxidation reactor (128) stacked with water containers (147, 146) interposed therebetween. The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 2 ,
The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the reactor is a low temperature transformer (127b) and a partial oxidation reactor (128) stacked with a water container (146) interposed therebetween. The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 3, 5 or 6 ,
Above the partial oxidation reactor (128), a hollow plate-shaped water container (145) through which water in the water flow passage (141) flows, and a hollow plate shape through which the reformed gas in the gas flow passage (180) flows. A fuel cell power generation system characterized by being laminated with a gas container (183). The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 4, 5 or 6 ,
Instead of the water container (146 or 147), a coil through which water in the water flow path (141) flows is housed in a hollow plate-shaped container in which the reformed gas in the gas flow path (180) flows. A fuel cell power generation system provided with a heat exchanger (152,153). The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 7 ,
Instead of the water container (145) and the gas container (183), a coil through which water in the water flow passage (141) flows is provided in a hollow plate-shaped container in which the reformed gas in the gas flow passage (180) flows. A fuel cell power generation system provided with a heat exchanger (154) that is housed. The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 4 or 5 ,
The reformer (126) is provided in a hollow plate shape,
The reformer (126) and the high temperature transformer (127a) include a hollow plate-shaped gas container (181) through which the reformed gas in the gas flow passage (180) flows, and water in the water flow passage (141). And a fuel cell power generation system, wherein the fuel cell power generation system is stacked with a hollow plate-shaped raw material delivery container (182) through which the raw material gas flows. A battery body (101) configured to cause an electrode reaction between hydrogen and oxygen at an anode (103) and a cathode (102), and reforming to generate a reformed gas containing hydrogen by reacting the raw material with water A reactor (126), at least two reactors for performing a reaction for reducing CO gas in the reformed gas exiting from the reformer (126), the reformer (126), each reactor, and a battery body A fuel cell power generation system comprising a gas flow passage (180) configured by sequentially connecting (101) with gas pipes and a water flow passage (141) through which water supplied to the reformer (126) flows ,
The reformer (126) and the transformer (127) are provided in a hollow plate shape, and the water flow passage ( in the hollow plate container in which the reformed gas in the gas flow passage (180) flows. fuel cell power generation system characterized by water and the raw material gas comprises a heat exchanger formed by accommodating the coil (151) for circulation of 141). The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 10 ,
Instead of the two hollow plate-shaped gas containers (181) and the raw material delivery container (182), the water flow path (141) is placed in a hollow plate-shaped container in which the reformed gas in the gas flow path (180) flows. A fuel cell power generation system comprising a heat exchanger (151) containing a coil through which water and source gas flow. The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 .
A cathode exhaust gas supply passage for flowing exhaust gas from the cathode (102) of the battery body (101) to the reformer (126);
An anode exhaust gas supply path for flowing exhaust gas from the anode (103) of the battery body (101) to the reformer (126);
A combustion exhaust gas discharge passage for discharging the combustion exhaust gas of the reformer (126);
A first gas container (155a) interposed in the cathode exhaust gas supply path;
A second gas container (155b) interposed in the combustion gas discharge path;
A third gas container (155c) interposed in the anode exhaust gas supply path,
The fuel cell power generation system, wherein the first to third gas containers (155a, 155b, 155c) are sequentially stacked. The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 13 ,
The reformer (126), and the reactors and gas containers (155a to 155c) are arranged such that the one with the high internal gas temperature is arranged at the center and the one with the low internal gas temperature is arranged at the outer edge. However, a fuel cell power generation system characterized by being laminated and integrated. The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 .
The fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein a coil interposed in the water passage (141) is accommodated in at least one of the reactors.

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