JP3736650B2 - Lightweight embedding material for civil engineering - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a filler material for civil engineering, more particularly, a lightweight, and water permeability, it relates to filler material for civil engineering highly breathable.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In soft ground and landfills, ultralight materials such as synthetic resin foam are used as embedding materials and embankment materials as countermeasures to prevent and stabilize the settlement of the ground. For example, a construction method using a foamed polystyrene (EPS) block as the synthetic resin foam is widely known as an EPS construction method. This EPS block body has an extremely light unit volume weight of about 1/100 compared to earth and sand, so it is extremely effective in preventing settlement and stabilization of ground where the ground strength is low, such as soft ground and landslide land. In addition, there is an advantage that the construction is easy because of the light weight. For this reason, for example, a widening embankment as shown in FIG. 1 or a park embankment as shown in FIG. 2 is constructed by this EPS method. As shown in FIG. 3, the EPS block body is formed into a large block shape having a width of about 1000 mm, a length of about 2000 mm, and a height of about 500 mm, for example, and is stacked on the ground. 1. Widely used for wide-ranging embankment and park embankment as shown in Fig. 2, and also widely used in civil engineering methods such as retaining walls, backing materials such as abutments, and foundations of buildings.
[0003]
By the way, in the case of the widening embankment by the EPS construction method shown in FIG. 1, in order to ensure water permeability between the EPS block body and the wall surface behind, normally, a ballast, crushed stone, etc. are embedded. However, these ballasts and crushed stones have a problem that the efficiency of the work is low because a person carries the ballasts and crushed stones with a unicycle.
[0004]
In the case of the park embankment shown in FIG. 2, since the heat capacity of the EPS block body is large and the air permeability is poor, the heat accumulated in the EPS due to daytime sunshine does not cool even at night, There was a problem that the trees planted above caused root rot.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention was made in view of such background, lightweight good workability during construction, also, permeability, the filler material and the filler material for excellent civil engineering for breathability The construction and method used will be provided.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an embedding material for civil engineering according to the present invention is a bag-like body having a water permeability formed from a foam-molded filler formed by molding foamable polystyrene into a substantially spherical shape with a diameter of 40 to 200 mm. Is a lightweight embedding material having a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 300 to 1000 mm and a length of 400 to 3000 mm . This embedding material is, for example, an EPS construction method in which a block body made of a synthetic resin foam is laminated, and is embedded in at least a part of the periphery of the laminated block body to construct a wide body embankment, road embankment, park embankment, etc. Can be used for building walls, backfilling of retaining walls and abutments, building foundations, etc. Furthermore, an embedding groove for an embedding pipe is provided in the underground or a block body made of a synthetic resin foam embedded in the earth, and the embedding pipe is disposed in the groove, and the periphery thereof is filled with the embedding material. By returning, it can also be used for embedding buried pipes.
[0007]
[Operation and effect of the invention]
As described above, since the civil engineering embedding material according to the present invention is formed by filling a water-permeable bag-like material with a filler made of a synthetic resin foamed molded product, it is extremely light compared to the case of ballast or crushed stone. In addition, since it is held in a predetermined shape by the bag-like body, it is easy to handle, and the workability at the time of construction is greatly improved as compared with the case of conventional ballast or crushed stone. By the way, as this filler, if a foamed synthetic resin, for example, a pulverized product obtained by pulverizing an EPS fishing box for recycling, is used, the shape of the filler is not uniform and the filling property is not sufficient. Therefore, there is a problem that, after the embedding work, the embedding ground sinks due to deformation of the filler due to the weight of embankment or the like. In addition, such finely pulverized products may be clogged and the water permeability and air permeability may be reduced. In addition, when a foamed product is pulverized and then reduced in volume by heating is used as a filler, the shape is not uniform and the filling property is not good as in the case of the pulverized product, and the lightness is reduced. There was a problem. Furthermore, since such conventional recycled products are not limited to those containing a flame retardant, the flame retardancy control of the embedded material has been insufficient. In contrast, in the present invention, as the filler, a synthetic resin foam molded article having a large average diameter of 40 to 200 mm and a substantially spherical shape is used, so the strength of the filler is large. There is no deformation or sag, and there is no problem that the ground sinks after being embedded in the soil as an embedded material. In addition, since the filler is substantially spherical, a certain gap is always reliably formed between the fillers filled in the bag-like body, and water permeability and air permeability are ensured. Moreover, since synthetic resin foams such as EPS are extremely chemically stable, they can sufficiently withstand long-term use as civil engineering and building materials. Furthermore, since the addition of a flame retardant and the amount of the flame retardant can be freely selected at the time of molding, the flame retardancy can be controlled freely according to the application.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 4 shows an example of the civil engineering embedding material 1 according to the present invention. The embedding material 1 is obtained by filling a water-permeable bag-like body 2 with a filler 3 formed by molding a foamable synthetic resin.
[0009]
The shape of the embedding material 1, that is, the size of the bag-like body 2 can be appropriately set depending on the purpose of use, but is generally cylindrical as shown in the figure, and its diameter D is preferably about 300 to 1000 mm. Is 350 to 400 mm, and the length L is about 400 to 3000 mm, preferably about 500 to 2000 mm. A size that can be held by one person is preferable from the viewpoint of workability.
[0010]
Although the filling rate of the filler 3 into the bag-like body 2 is not particularly limited, it is not preferable to pack the bag-like body 2 in consideration of the shape followability with respect to the construction place. The filling rate is preferably about 90 to 95% with respect to the volume of The material of the bag-like body 2 is not particularly limited as long as it has water permeability and does not spill the filler 3 filled therein. For example, natural fibers such as hemp, synthetic fibers such as polypropylene, nylon, polyvinyl chloride, and polyester, and further, woven fabrics made of various fibers such as those blended with them, cloths such as nonwoven fabrics, or nets Can be created. Further, a wire mesh made of a wire such as aluminum or iron can be used, and a wire mesh that has been conventionally used by putting crushed stone or the like is also preferable. Of these, for example, in the case of hemp bags or hemp nets, the bag will not slip and be displaced when covering the embedded material 1 that has been piled up during construction. preferable. Moreover, when a bag-like object or a net-like object is made of a synthetic resin such as polypropylene, it is extremely chemically stable and can sufficiently withstand long-term use. For example, a bag-like body made of a synthetic fiber net-like material that is generally used for carrying and storing an onion or the like, or a bag-like body using a net-like material made of a thicker material is also preferable. Furthermore, by combining a natural fiber such as hemp and a synthetic fiber such as polypropylene, or a combination of a wire mesh or the like, it is possible to combine both the prevention of slipping as described above and durability.
[0011]
Further, as a measure against slipping of the bag, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a hemp string, rope, other string-like body 4 or belt-like body is wound around the bag-like body 2 as a slip stopper. May be. In this case, if the string-like body 4 is wound so as to be sewn into the bag-like body 2 as shown in the figure, it is possible to prevent the position of the string-like body 4 from being displaced and coming off the bag-like body 2.
[0012]
In order to create the bag-like body 2, for example, a net-like body formed in a continuous long cylindrical shape is appropriately cut into lengths, filled with a filler 3 inside, and the openings at both ends are connected to the string 5 It may be tied or sealed with, for example, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), a fastening string 5 is provided in the opening in advance, or as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the filler 3 One of the openings may be attached in advance before filling.
[0013]
Furthermore, if the pipe 6 made of vinyl chloride resin or the like is provided inside the embedding material 1 as shown in FIG. 7, water permeability can be ensured more reliably.
[0014]
Next, the filler 3 filled in the bag-like body 2 will be described. The filler 3 is made of a synthetic resin foam obtained by molding a foamable synthetic resin into a predetermined shape. There are no particular restrictions on the type of this resin, but various types such as polyolefins such as polystyrene, polyethylene, and polypropylene, ABS, MBS, and polyethylene terephthalate, which have been conventionally used as raw materials for synthetic resin foams, are used. Of these, polystyrene is preferred because of its high compressive strength and easy molding. In addition, polyolefin is preferred when chemical resistance such as acid, alkali and solvent is required. The filler 3 is molded into a predetermined shape and size by an in-mold foam molding method using the synthetic resin foam beads as described above.
[0015]
In this case, it is preferable from the viewpoint of imparting flame retardancy that the foamable beads for forming the filler contain a flame retardant. This is because the block body used in the EPS construction method is usually provided with flame retardancy for safety during storage, etc., and in the case of the embedded material of the present application, considering the risk of fire and the like This is because the same consideration is desired. As described, it can be pointed out that recycled and recycled products that have been used in the past are not sufficient to ensure the flame retardancy.
[0016]
Examples of the flame retardant used in the present invention include halogen flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants, and inorganic flame retardants. Examples of the halogen flame retardant include chlorinated paraffin, chlorinated polyethylene perchloropentacyclodecane, hexabromobenzene, decabromodiphenyl oxide, tetrabromobisphenol A, hexabromocyclododecane, and the like. Examples of the phosphorus-based flame retardant include non-halogen-containing systems such as triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tricresyl diphenyl phosphate; halogen-containing systems such as tris (halopropyl) phosphate and tris (haloethyl) phosphate. . Examples of the inorganic flame retardant include halogen-containing systems such as ammonium bromide; non-halogen-containing systems such as antimony trioxide, antimonate barium metaborate, zinc borate, borax, zirconium oxide, and aluminum hydroxide.
Among these, halogen-based flame retardants having a high flame-retardant effect are preferable, and brominated flame retardants such as hexabromobenzene, decabromodiphenyl oxide, tetrabromobisphenol A, and hexabromocyclododecane are particularly preferable.
[0017]
The content of the flame retardant is preferably 0.5 to 3% by weight, more preferably 0.7 to 1.5% by weight in the foamable synthetic resin. When the flame retardant content is less than 0.5% by weight, the foamable synthetic resin cannot have a sufficient flame retardant effect. Conversely, when the flame retardant content exceeds 3% by weight, the foaming synthesis by decomposition of the flame retardant is not possible. Deterioration of the resin cannot be sufficiently prevented.
[0018]
The foamable synthetic resin of the present invention may further contain other ordinary additives such as a colorant and an ultraviolet ray inhibitor as appropriate.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 8, the filler 3 made of this synthetic resin molded body is usually formed into a substantially spherical shape with a diameter D of about 40 to 200 mm. The filler 3 is molded to a size of 40 mm or more in diameter, so that when the bag-like body 2 is filled into the embedding material 1, a sufficient porosity and strength that can ensure water permeability and air permeability. Can be obtained. The upper limit of the diameter of the filler 3 is not particularly limited, but if it is too large, when the bag 2 is filled, the irregularities on the surface of the bag 2 become large, and when the filler is foam-molded It is preferable to stop at about 200 mm because the cooling efficiency of the steel also decreases. The diameter of the filler 3 is more preferably about 50 to 110 mm, and further about 70 mm is preferable in consideration of productivity in the in-mold foam molding. In addition, the expansion ratio of the filler 3 cannot be generally specified because the required strength varies depending on the purpose of use, but is usually set appropriately within a range of about 30 to 80 times. For example, when it is used for greening such as park embankment, it is not required to have such a large strength, so it is foam-molded at a relatively high magnification of about 50 to 80 times, and the compression strength at that time is 0.5 to 1. About 3 kgf / cm ² and the density of the molded product are preferably about 0.02 to 0.012 g / cc. On the other hand, when used for road embankments that require high strength, the foaming ratio is relatively low, about 30 to 50 times, and the compressive strength in that case is about 1.3 to 2.4 kgf / cm ² . The density of the molded product is preferably about 0.033 to 0.020 g / cc, and by using such a foaming ratio, it can be used sufficiently even under severe conditions such as heavy equipment for civil engineering travel. Since it can endure, it is suitable.
[0020]
As described above, the filler 3 is usually formed into a spherical shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, if a single groove or a plurality of grooves 7 are formed on the peripheral surface, the filler 3 is formed into a bag. When the inside of the body 2 is filled, a sufficient space for water permeation and ventilation can be secured in the bag 2. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, if one or a plurality of through holes 8 are provided through the filler 3, as in the case of the groove 7, the bag 2 has water permeability and ventilation. Not only can the space be ensured reliably, but the cooling efficiency when foaming the filler 3 is good and productivity is improved, which is preferable. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, by forming the peripheral surface of the filler 3 into a polyhedral shape, the water permeability and air permeability of the embedding material 1 can be ensured. Although not shown, various irregularities may be provided on the surface of the filler 3 from the viewpoint of water permeability and air permeability. Needless to say, the filler 3 may be formed by appropriately combining the grooves 7, the through holes 8, or the polyhedron shape as described above.
[0021]
Next, an example of a civil engineering method using the above-described embedding material 1 according to the present invention will be shown.
First, what is shown in FIG. 12 shows an example of a widening embankment using the embedding material 1, and the embedding material 1 of the present invention is embedded behind the EPS block body 10 stacked along the wall surface. It is a thing. Conventionally, in this embedding, a ballast or crushed stone was carried and carried by a person carrying a unicycle or the like. However, in the case of the embedding material 1 according to the present invention, compared to the case of ballast or crushed stone. It is extremely lightweight and is easy to handle because it is filled in the bag-like body 2, and the work efficiency during construction is remarkably improved. In addition, since this widened embankment is a stack of extremely lightweight EPS block bodies 10, not only does the ground sink, even when constructed on soft ground, but also the embedded material 1 Since the water permeability of the embankment is extremely good, the water in the embankment is quickly drained through the embedding material 1, and rainwater or the like does not accumulate and collapse in the embankment. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes asphalt pavement or concrete pavement constructed on the widening embankment.
[0022]
Next, what is shown in FIG. 13 is a construction example of the retaining wall, in which the EPS block body 10 is used as the backing material of the retaining wall 12 and the embedding material 1 of the present invention is embedded behind the EPS block body 10. As in the case of the above-mentioned widening embankment, it is possible to construct a retaining wall that is lightweight and has good drainage.
[0023]
FIG. 14 shows an example of construction of road embankment, in which EPS block bodies 10 are stacked on the ground, the embedding material 1 of the present invention is stacked around the embedding material 1, and the embankment 12 is placed on the embedding material 1. It is built up.
[0024]
Further, FIG. 15 shows an example of a park embankment, and, as in the case of the above-mentioned road embankment, the EPS block bodies 10 are stacked on the ground, and the embedding material 1 according to the present invention is stacked around it, It is constructed by stacking the embankment 12 on the embedding material 1. In the case of this park embankment, since it is constructed by stacking ultra-light EPS block bodies 10 inside, it can be constructed on soft ground or on an underground parking lot. In addition, since the EPS block body 10 is likely to accumulate heat and the air permeability of the EPS is poor, the embankment 12 directly stacked on the block body 10 as in the prior art is heated by daylight sunshine. However, there was a problem that the plant was not rooted in the EPS block and it did not cool down at night, and roots were rotted. In this case, in the case of this construction example, by stacking the embedding material 1 having excellent air permeability around the EPS block body 10, the air permeability of the surface of the EPS block body 10 in the embankment becomes good, and the EPS. The cooling efficiency of the block body 10 is improved, so that heat does not accumulate in the embankment and the planted trees do not cause root rot.
[0025]
Moreover, what is shown in FIG. 16 shows the construction example of a buried pipe. This is because an embedding groove 13 is formed in the EPS block body 10 buried in the ground or in the ground as shown in the figure, and a buried pipe 14 is disposed in the groove 13 and the surrounding groove 13 It is constructed by embedding the embedding material 1 according to the present invention. In this embedded structure, the embedded pipe 14 is protected by the embedded material 1 and the water permeability and air permeability around it can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction example of a conventional widening embankment.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction example of a conventional park embankment.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a synthetic resin foam block.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view with a part broken away showing an example of an embedding material according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing another example of an embedding material.
6 (a) and 6 (b) are perspective views showing an example of sealing an end opening of a bag-like body of an embedding material.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the embedding material.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of a filling material filled in a bag-like body of an embedding material.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another example of the filler.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing another example of the filler.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing another example of the filler.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction example of a widening embankment using an embedding material according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction example of a retaining wall using an embedding material according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction example of road embankment using the embedding material according to the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a sectional view showing a construction example of a park embankment using the embedding material according to the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction example of a buried pipe using the filling material according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Embedding material 2 Bag-shaped body 3 Filling material 4 String-shaped body 5 String 6 Pipe 7 Groove 8 Through-hole
10 EPS block body
11 Paving
12 Retaining wall
13 Piping groove
14 Buried pipe.

Claims (11)

Cylindrical shape having a diameter of 300 to 1000 mm and a length of 400 to 3000 mm, which is obtained by filling a foam-shaped filling material formed by foaming polystyrene into a substantially spherical shape with a diameter of 40 to 200 mm in a bag-like body having water permeability. for civil engineering lightweight filler material it is.   The implant material according to claim 1, wherein the filler has a diameter of 50 to 110 mm.   The embedding material according to claim 1, wherein a groove is provided on a peripheral surface of the filling material.   The embedding material according to claim 1, wherein irregularities are formed on a peripheral surface of the filling material.   The embedding material according to claim 1, wherein a through hole is provided in the filling material.   The embedding material according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the filling material is formed in a polyhedral shape.   The embedding material according to claim 1, wherein a filling rate of the filling material into the bag-like body is 90 to 95% with respect to a capacity of the bag-like body.   The embedding material according to claim 1, wherein a non-slip string or band is wound around the surface of the bag.   The embedding material according to claim 1, wherein a tubular body for water permeability is provided inside the bag-like body. A block body made of a synthetic resin foam is laminated, and a foam molding filler formed by molding foam polystyrene into a substantially spherical shape with a diameter of 40 to 200 mm around at least part of the circumference of the laminated block body has water permeability. A structure in which an embedding material formed by filling a bag-like body is embedded. An embedding groove for an embedding pipe is provided in a block made of a synthetic resin foam embedded in the ground or in the ground, the embedding pipe is disposed in the groove, and the periphery thereof is made of expandable polystyrene with a diameter of 40 to A method of embedding a buried pipe in which a foam molded filler formed into a substantially spherical shape at 200 mm is backfilled with a filling material filled in a water-permeable bag-like body .

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