JP3731310B2 - camera - Google Patents

Description

【００３８】
但し、定数ｋ（０＜ｋ＜１）は、実際の手振れに近づけるための補正係数であり、また、Ｔ＝（１／２）×Ｔ１＋Ｔ２＋Ｔ３＋Ｔ４＋Ｔｄである。ここに、時間Ｔ１は振れセンサ４２の積分時間、時間Ｔ２は振れセンサ４２の画像情報がメモリ５６にダンプされるまでに要する転送時間、時間Ｔ３は振れ量算出の演算時間、時間Ｔ４は予測振れ量算出の予測演算時間である。また、時間Ｔｄは、振れ量検出部５１が予測振れ量を送出した時点から補正レンズ部３による駆動が完了するまでに要する時間である。
【００３９】
図１に示される係数変換部５２は、横及び縦方向の予測振れ量を、メモリ５６に記憶されている変換係数を用いて、補正レンズ部３に対する横及び縦方向の目標角度位置（駆動量）に変換するものである。また、係数変換部５２は、温度センサ５５で検出された環境温度に応じて補正係数を算出し、この補正係数で横及び縦方向の目標角度位置を補正する。この補正係数は、環境温度変化に伴って生じる検出用レンズ４１の焦点距離や補正レンズ部３による光の屈折率（パワー）の変動分を補正するためのものである。
【００４０】
目標位置設定部５３は、温度補正された横及び縦方向の目標角度位置を目標位置情報（駆動終了位置）に変換するものである。これら横及び縦方向の目標位置情報は、それぞれ設定データＳＤ_PH，ＳＤ_PVとして駆動部６にセットされる。
【００４１】
補正ゲイン設定部５４は、温度センサ５５で検出された環境温度に応じて、横及び縦方向のゲイン補正量を求め、それぞれを設定データＳＤ_GH，ＳＤ_GVとして駆動部６に出力するものである。横及び縦方向のゲイン補正量は、それぞれ横及び縦方向の基本ゲインを補正するものである。設定データＳＤ_GH，ＳＤ_GV及び基本ゲインの詳細については後述する。
【００４２】
位置データ入力部５７は、位置検出部７の各出力信号をＡ／Ｄ変換し、得られた各出力データから、横振れ補正レンズ３１及び縦振れ補正レンズ３２の各位置をモニターするものである。この位置データをモニターすることで、補正レンズ部３用の駆動メカの異常状態やカメラ姿勢等が検出可能となる。
【００４３】
駆動部６は、駆動制御回路６１、横アクチュエータ６２及び縦アクチュエータ６３により構成されている。駆動制御回路６１は、目標位置設定部５３及び補正ゲイン設定部５４からの設定データＳＤ_PH，ＳＤ_PV，ＳＤ_GH，ＳＤ_GVに応じて、横及び縦方向の駆動信号を生成するものである。横アクチュエータ６２及び縦アクチュエータ６３は、コアレスモータ等（図４のモータ６３２及びギヤ６３１参照）で構成され、それぞれ駆動制御回路６１で生成された横及び縦方向の駆動信号に応じて、横振れ補正レンズ３１及び縦振れ補正レンズ３２を駆動するものである。
【００４４】
図６は、サーボ回路の一部を構成する駆動制御回路６１の一例を示すブロック図である。まず、駆動制御回路６１にセットされる設定データＳＤ_GH，ＳＤ_GVについて説明する。カメラ１は、その環境温度が変化すると、振れ補正の駆動系に関する種々の特性が変化する。例えば、環境温度の変化に伴って、モータ（図４のモータ６３２参照）の各トルク定数、補正レンズ部３及び駆動部６における駆動系（可動メカ）のバックラッシュ、及びその駆動系のギヤ（図４のギヤ部３２２及びギヤ６３１参照）の硬さなどが変化する。
【００４５】
図７は、この変化の一要因となるモータトルクの温度特性図である。図７から理解されるように、環境温度が基準温度（例えば２５℃）から外れると、モータトルクは基準温度での値とは異なる値を示す。この結果、振れ補正に関する駆動特性が変化してしまうこととなる。このように、横及び縦方向の基本ゲイン（基準温度における駆動ゲイン）による駆動特性は、温度センサ５５で得た環境温度が基準温度から外れると、変動するようになる。
【００４６】
そこで、補正ゲイン設定部５４は、温度センサ５５で得た環境温度に応じて、横及び縦方向の各基本ゲインによる駆動特性の変動を補正するゲイン補正量を生成する。本実施形態では、環境温度が基準温度から外れることにより生じるモータトルク、バックラッシュ及びギヤの硬さ等の各変動を個別に補正するゲイン補正量を求めるための関数（環境温度を引数とする。）が、横及び縦方向の各々について予め求められている。そして、横及び縦方向の各々について、各補正関数に温度センサ５５で検出された環境温度が入力され、得られた各値の合計値がゲイン補正量として求められる。これら横及び縦方向のゲイン補正量は、それぞれ設定データＳＤ_GH，ＳＤ_GVとして、駆動制御回路６１にセットされる。
【００４７】
次に、駆動制御回路６１について説明する。図１では、説明の便宜上、設定データＳＤ_GH，ＳＤ_GVは、２本の信号線で伝送されるように図示しているが、実際には、図略の２本のデータ線（ＳＣＫ，ＳＤ）及び３本の制御線（ＣＳ，ＤＡ／ＧＡＩＮ，Ｘ／Ｙ）によりシリアル伝送されてセットされる。同様に、設定データＤ_PH，ＳＤ_PVも交互に駆動制御回路６１に送出される。
【００４８】
このため、駆動制御回路６１は、バッファ及びサンプルホールド回路等を備えている。即ち、図６において、バッファ６０１，６０２は、それぞれ目標位置設定部５３から交互にセットされる設定データＳＤ_PH，ＳＤ_PVを記憶するメモリである。
【００４９】
ＤＡＣ６０３は、Ｄ／Ａ変換器であり、バッファ６０１にセットされた設定データＳＤ_PHを目標位置電圧Ｖ_PHに変換する。また、ＤＡＣ６０３は、バッファ６０２にセットされた設定データＳＤ_PVを目標位置電圧Ｖ_PVに変換する。
【００５０】
Ｓ／Ｈ６０４，６０５はサンプルホールド回路である。Ｓ／Ｈ６０４は、ＤＡＣ６０３で変換された目標位置電圧Ｖ_PHをサンプリングし、次のサンプリングまでその値をホールドする。同様に、Ｓ／Ｈ６０５は、ＤＡＣ６０３で変換された目標位置電圧Ｖ_PVをサンプリングし、次のサンプリングまでその値をホールドする。
【００５１】
加算回路６０６は、目標位置電圧Ｖ_PHと横位置検出部７１の出力電圧Ｖ_H との差電圧を求めるものである。加算回路６０７は、目標位置電圧Ｖ_PVと縦位置検出部７２の出力電圧Ｖ_V との差電圧を求めるものである。加算回路６０６，６０７は、横位置検出部７１及び縦位置検出部７２から出力される負電圧である出力電圧Ｖ_H，Ｖ_Vと目標位置電圧Ｖ_PH，Ｖ_PVとを加算することにより差電圧を求めている。
【００５２】
Ｖ／Ｖ６０８は、入力電圧を、基準温度に対して予め設定された比率で、横方向の比例ゲインとしての電圧に増幅するものであり、Ｖ／Ｖ６０９は、入力電圧を、基準温度に対して予め設定された比率で、縦方向の比例ゲインとしての電圧に増幅するものである。ここで、横方向の比例ゲインとは、横振れ補正レンズ３１の目標位置と横位置検出部７１により検出された横振れ補正レンズ３１の位置との差に比例するゲインのことである。また、縦方向の比例ゲインとは、縦振れ補正レンズ３２の目標位置と縦位置検出部７２により検出された縦振れ補正レンズ３２の位置との差に比例するゲインのことである。
【００５３】
微分回路６１０は、基準温度に対して予め設定された時定数による微分を、加算回路６０６で求められた差電圧に施して、横方向の微分ゲインとしての電圧を得るものである。この得られた電圧は、横方向の速度差（目標の駆動速度と現在の駆動速度との差）に相当する。同様に、微分回路６１１は、基準温度に対して予め設定された時定数による微分を、加算回路６０７で求められた差電圧に施して、縦方向の微分ゲインとしての電圧を得るものである。この得られた電圧は、縦方向の速度差（目標の駆動速度と現在の駆動速度との差）に相当する。
【００５４】
このように、Ｖ／Ｖ６０８，６０９及び微分回路６１０，６１１によって、横及び縦方向の各々について、基準温度に対する基本ゲインとしての比例及び微分ゲインの設定が行われる。
【００５５】
バッファ６１２は、補正ゲイン設定部５４からの設定データＳＤ_GHを記憶するメモリである。この設定データＳＤ_GHとは、横方向の基本ゲイン（比例及び微分ゲイン）を補正するゲイン補正量（比例及び微分ゲイン補正量）である。バッファ６１３は、補正ゲイン設定部５４からの設定データＳＤ_GVを記憶するメモリである。この設定データＳＤ_GVとは、縦方向の基本ゲイン（比例及び微分ゲイン）を補正するゲイン補正量（比例及び微分ゲイン補正量）である。
【００５６】
ＨＰゲイン補正回路６１４は、Ｖ／Ｖ６０８で得られた横方向の比例ゲインに対して、バッファ６１２からの横方向の比例ゲイン補正量に相当するアナログ電圧を加えて、温度補正後における横方向の比例ゲインを出力するものである。また、ＶＰゲイン補正回路６１５は、Ｖ／Ｖ６０９で得られた縦方向の比例ゲインに対して、バッファ６１３からの縦方向の比例ゲイン補正量に相当するアナログ電圧を加えて、温度補正後における縦方向の比例ゲインを出力するものである。
【００５７】
ＨＤゲイン補正回路６１６は、微分回路６１０で得られた横方向の微分ゲインに対して、バッファ６１２からの横方向の微分ゲイン補正量に相当するアナログ電圧を加えて、温度補正後における横方向の微分ゲインを出力するものである。また、ＶＤゲイン補正回路６１７は、微分回路６１１で得られた縦方向の微分ゲインに対して、バッファ６１３からの縦方向の微分ゲイン補正量に相当するアナログ電圧を加えて、温度補正後における縦方向の微分ゲインを出力するものである。
【００５８】
このように、ＨＰゲイン補正回路６１４、ＶＰゲイン補正回路６１５、ＨＤゲイン補正回路６１６及びＶＤゲイン補正回路６１７によって、基本ゲインとしての比例及び微分ゲインが温度補正される。
【００５９】
ＬＰＦ６１８は、ＨＰゲイン補正回路６１４及びＨＤゲイン補正回路６１６の各出力電圧に含まれる高周波ノイズを除去するローパスフィルタである。ＬＰＦ６１９は、ＶＰゲイン補正回路６１５及びＶＤゲイン補正回路６１７の各出力電圧に含まれる高周波ノイズを除去するローパスフィルタである。
【００６０】
ドライバー６２０は、ＬＰＦ６１８、６１９の出力電圧に対応した駆動電力を、それぞれ横アクチュエータ６２及び縦アクチュエータ６３に供給するモータ駆動用のＩＣである。
【００６１】
図１に示される位置検出部７は、横位置検出部７１及び縦位置検出部７２により構成されている。横位置検出部７１及び縦位置検出部７２は、それぞれ横振れ補正レンズ３１及び縦振れ補正レンズ３２の現在位置を検出するものである。
【００６２】
図８は、横位置検出部７１の構成図である。横位置検出部７１は、発光ダイオード（ＬＥＤ）７１１、スリット７１２及びＰＳＤ７１３を有している。ＬＥＤ７１１は、横振れ補正レンズ３１のフレーム３１１におけるギヤ部の形成位置に取り付けられている（図４のＬＥＤ７２１参照）。スリット７１２は、ＬＥＤ７１１の発光部から射出される光の指向性を鋭くするためのものである。ＰＳＤ７１３は、鏡胴２４の内壁側におけるＬＥＤ７１１に対向する位置に取り付けられ、ＬＥＤ７１１からの射出光束の受光位置（重心位置）に応じた値の光電変換電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２を出力するものである。光電変換電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２の差が測定されることで、横振れ補正レンズ３１の位置が検出されるようになっている。縦位置検出部７２も、同様にして縦振れ補正レンズ３２の位置を検出するように構成されている。
【００６３】
図９は、横位置検出部７１のブロック図である。横位置検出部７１は、ＬＥＤ７１１及びＰＳＤ７１３に加えて、Ｉ／Ｖ変換回路７１４，７１５、加算回路７１６、電流制御回路７１７、減算回路７１８及びＬＰＦ７１９等によって構成されている。Ｉ／Ｖ変換回路７１４，７１５は、それぞれＰＳＤ７１３の出力電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２を電圧Ｖ１，Ｖ２に変換するものである。加算回路７１６は、Ｉ／Ｖ変換回路７１４，７１５の出力電圧Ｖ１，Ｖ２の加算電圧Ｖ３を求めるものである。電流制御回路７１７は、加算回路７１６の出力電圧Ｖ３、即ちＬＥＤ７１１の発光量を一定に保持するようにトランジスタＴｒ１のベース電流を増減するものである。減算回路７１８は、Ｉ／Ｖ変換回路７１４，７１５の出力電圧Ｖ１，Ｖ２の差電圧Ｖ４を求めるものである。ＬＰＦ７１９は、減算回路７１８の出力電圧Ｖ４に含まれる高周波成分をカットするものである。
【００６４】
次に、横位置検出部７１による検出動作について説明する。ＰＳＤ７１３から送出された電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２は、それぞれＩ／Ｖ変換回路７１４，７１５で電圧Ｖ１，Ｖ２に変換される。
【００６５】
次いで、電圧Ｖ１，Ｖ２は加算回路７１６で加算される。電流制御回路７１７は、この加算により得られた電圧Ｖ３が常に一定となる電流を、トランジスタＴｒ１のベースに供給する。ＬＥＤ７１１は、このベース電流に応じた光量で発光する。
【００６６】
他方、電圧Ｖ１，Ｖ２は、減算回路７１８で減算される。この減算により得られた電圧Ｖ４は、横振れ補正レンズ３１の位置を示す値になっている。例えば、ＰＳＤ７１３の中心から右側に長さｘ離れた位置に受光位置（重心位置）がある場合、長さｘ，電流Ｉ１，Ｉ２及びＰＳＤ７１３の受光エリア長Ｌは、（数５）の関係を満たす。
【００６７】
【数５】

【００６８】
同様に、長さｘ，電圧Ｖ１，Ｖ２及び受光エリア長Ｌは（数６）の関係を満たす。
【００６９】
【数６】

【００７０】
これより、Ｖ２＋Ｖ１の値、即ち電圧Ｖ３の値が常に一定となるように制御すれば（数７）の関係が得られ、Ｖ２−Ｖ１の値、即ち電圧Ｖ４の値が長さｘを示すものとなり、電圧Ｖ４をモニターすれば横振れ補正レンズ３１の位置を検出することが可能となる。
【００７１】
【数７】

【００７２】
図１に示される露出制御部８は、測光部８１、露出決定部８２、フラッシュ発光部８３及びフラッシュ制御部８４により構成されている。測光部８１は、Ｃｄｓ（硫化カドミウム）等の光電変換素子で被写体からの光を受光して、被写体の明るさ（被写体輝度）を検出するものである。
【００７３】
図１０は、露出決定部８２のブロック図である。露出決定部８２は、露出時間決定部８２１、像振れ発生判定部８２２及びフラッシュ使用・未使用決定部８２２３により構成されている。露出時間決定部８２１は、測光部８１で検出された被写体輝度に応じて、適正露出時間（ｔｓｓ）を決定するものである。
【００７４】
像振れ発生判定部８２２は、モード判定部９の判定結果が「フラッシュオートモード」の場合に、露出時間決定部８２１で決定された適正露出時間が手振れ限界時間（Ｔ_LMD ）以上であるか否かを判定するものである。手振れ限界時間は、手振れによる被写体像振れが目立たない程度の時間であり、例えば、撮影レンズ２１の焦点距離をｆ[mm]とすれば、１／（１．４×ｆ）[秒]程度の時間になる。なお、適正露出時間が手振れ限界時間以上になれば、被写体像振れが目立つ（発生する）ようになる。
【００７５】
フラッシュ使用・未使用決定部８２３は、モード判定部９や像振れ発生判定部８２２の判定結果に応じて、フラッシュを使用するか否かを決定し、フラッシュ使用の場合にはフラグＦ_F に"１"をセットし、そうでなければ"０"をセットして送出するものである。即ち、「フラッシュオートモード」であって適正露出時間が手振れ限界時間以上である場合と、「スローシンクロモード」の場合に、フラッシュ使用の決定がなされ、これ以外はフラッシュ未使用の決定がなされるようになっている。
【００７６】
図１に示されるフラッシュ発光部８３は、Ｘｅ（クセノン）管等の白色光源であるフラッシュとこのフラッシュに充電電力を供給する充電用コンデンサ等により構成（図示省略）される。フラッシュ制御部８４は、充電用コンデンサからフラッシュへの充電電力の供給を開始させ、被写体で反射して戻ってくるフラッシュの光量を監視し、監視中の光量が適正露光に達した時点で充電電力の供給を停止させる制御を行うものである。また、フラッシュ制御部８４は、露出決定部８２でセットされたフラグＦ_F を振れ量検出部５１に渡す。
【００７７】
測距モジュール１０は、赤外のＬＥＤ（ＩＲＥＤ）と、被写体で反射して戻ってくるＬＥＤの光を受光する一次元ＰＳＤ等により構成され、ＰＳＤの受光位置に応じて被写体までの距離に相当する測距情報を得るものである。
【００７８】
なお、測距モジュール１０は、このアクティブ方式のものに限らず、被写体からの光を受光する一対のラインセンサ等により構成される外光パッシブモジュールでもよい。外光パッシブモジュールでは、一対のラインセンサで被写体像が受光され、両ラインセンサ間での被写体像のズレ量から被写体までの距離に相当する測距データが求められるようになっている。また、一対のラインセンサは、正確な測距情報を得るべく、撮影画面内に複数、例えばＨ形状を有して配設され、カメラ姿勢に応じていずれかの測距エリアを優先して用いるかが使い分けられてより正確な測距を行うようにしたものでもよい。
【００７９】
図１１は、基準・補正位置設定部５８のブロック図である。基準・補正位置設定部５８は、基準位置設定部５８１、差演算部５８２及び補正位置設定部５８３により構成されている。
【００８０】
基準位置設定部５８１は、目標位置設定部５３に対し、補正レンズ部３の各レンズを中央位置に移動させるための横及び縦方向の基準位置データを、設定データＳＤ_PH，ＳＤ_PVとして駆動部６にセットさせるものである。
【００８１】
差演算部５８２は、横及び縦方向の基準位置データに応じて移動した後の補正レンズ部３の各レンズの位置データを位置データ入力部５７から取り込み、取り込んだ両位置と横及び縦方向の基準位置との差を算出するものである。得られた差データは、補正位置設定部５８３及び姿勢判断部５９に送出される。
【００８２】
図１２は、差演算部５８２が算出する差の発生を説明するための縦振れ補正レンズ３２の正面図で、（ａ）は撮影レンズが上／下方向に向けられている場合を示し、（ｂ）はカメラが横向き姿勢の場合を示し、（ｃ）は縦向き姿勢の場合を示している。
【００８３】
例えば、縦方向の基準位置（例えば中央位置）データに応じてギヤ６３１を回動させて停止状態となったモータ６３２（図４を参照）のサーボ力が、縦振れ補正レンズ３２及びフレーム３２１の重力の影響を受けなければ、縦振れ補正レンズ３２は、図１２（ａ）に示されるように、中央位置に正確に停止する。
【００８４】
ここで、横向き姿勢の場合には、停止状態となったモータ６３２のサーボ力が縦振れ補正レンズ３２及びフレーム３２１の下向きの重力に負けて、縦振れ補正レンズ３２は、中央位置まで上昇することができず、図１２（ｂ）に示されるように、そのわずか下側の位置で平衡して停止する。
【００８５】
これに対して、縦向き姿勢の場合には、停止状態となったモータ６３２のサーボ力が、図１２（ｃ）に示されるように重力の影響を（全く乃至はほとんど）受けないので、縦振れ補正レンズ３２は、中央位置に（略）正確に停止する。
【００８６】
そこで、横向き姿勢の差データを予め求めてメモリ５６に記憶しておく。同様に、横振れ補正レンズ３１について、縦向き姿勢の差データを予め求めてメモリ５６に記憶しておく。
【００８７】
図１３は、差データとともにメモリ５６に予め記憶されるカメラ１の姿勢情報を説明するための、一例となる横向き姿勢での補正レンズ部３の停止位置を示す図である。−Ｈ_max から＋Ｈ_max は、横振れ補正レンズ３１の可動範囲を示し、−Ｖ_max から＋Ｖ_max は、縦振れ補正レンズ３２の可動範囲を示している。
【００８８】
横向き姿勢の場合、横及び縦方向の基準位置データがセットされると、横振れ補正レンズ３１は基準位置（Ｈ＝０）で停止し、縦振れ補正レンズ３２は基準位置から下方にずれた位置（Ｖ＝−５）で停止する。この時の「横向き姿勢」を示すカメラ姿勢情報が差データ（０，−５）とともにメモリ５６に記憶される。同様に、カメラ１本体の右側が上になる「縦向き姿勢」を示すカメラ姿勢情報は、差データ（−５，０）とともにメモリ５６に記憶され、右側が下になる「縦向き姿勢」を示すカメラ姿勢情報は、差データ（５，０）とともにメモリ５６に記憶される。
【００８９】
なお、上記の横向き姿勢及び縦向き姿勢に限らず、図１４に示されるように、斜め向き姿勢もカメラ姿勢の検出対象に含めるようにしてもよい。この場合、カメラ１本体の右側を４５度上側に傾けた「斜め向き姿勢」を示すカメラ姿勢情報は、差データ（−３，−３）とともにメモリ５６に記憶され、左側を４５度上側に傾けた「斜め向き姿勢」を示すカメラ姿勢情報は、差データ（３，−３）とともにメモリ５６に記憶される。
【００９０】
また、２次元を動作範囲とするレンズを使用すれば、１つのレンズで差データを２次元的に測定することが可能になる。
【００９１】
更に、上記カメラ姿勢の判断に限らず、差データが安定しない場合、カメラ１の姿勢が安定していないと判断するようにしてもよい。つまり、両データをベクトル的に扱えば全ての姿勢検出（判断）が可能になる。
【００９２】
図１１に示される補正位置設定部５８３は、差演算部５８２からの差データを保持し、目標位置設定部５３の変換で得られた横及び縦方向の目標位置に対し、それぞれ差データの横及び縦方向の値を加えて（加算することで目標位置が補正されるように差データが求められていることによる。但し、減算することで目標位置が補正されるように差データが求められている場合には減算となる。）、横及び縦方向の目標位置を補正するものである。これにより、補正レンズ部３の各レンズは、対応する目標位置に正確に移動するようになる。これら補正された横及び縦方向の目標位置は、目標位置設定部５３に渡され、それぞれ設定データＳＤ_PH，ＳＤ_PVとして駆動部６にセットされる。なお、補正位置設定部５８３は、差データを保持するためのメモリを有するものでもよく、或いはメモリ５６のＲＡＭを使用するものでもよい。
【００９３】
図１に示される姿勢判断部５９は、差演算部５８２からの差データとメモリ５６の登録データとを照合して、カメラ１の姿勢を検出（判断）するものである。例えば、差データが（０，−５）の場合、照合の結果、カメラ１は横向き姿勢であると判断される。カメラ姿勢が判別できることで、振れ検出エリアの選定や、更にはオートフォーカスにおける測距エリアの選定が容易となり、より正確且つ高速な制御が可能になる。
【００９４】
なお、振れセンサ制御部４３、信号処理部４４、振れ量検出部５１、係数変換部５２、目標位置設定部５３、補正ゲイン設定部５４、位置データ入力部５７、基準位置設定部５８、姿勢判断部５９、露出決定部８２、フラッシュ制御部８４及びモード判定部９等は、以下の処理が記述されたプログラムを実行するＭＰＵ（マイクロプロセッサユニット）によって構成される。また、上記各部は、１個或いは複数個のＭＰＵで構成されたものでもよい。
【００９５】
次に、カメラ１の動作について説明する。
【００９６】
まず、姿勢判断部５９によりカメラ姿勢が判断される際の動作について説明する。カメラ姿勢を判断する場合、目標位置設定部５３によって、基準位置設定部５８１からの横及び縦方向の基準位置データが設定データＳＤ_PH，ＳＤ_PVとして駆動部６にセットされる。これと並行して、温度センサ５５で検出された環境温度に応じて求められた横及び縦方向のゲイン補正量が設定データＳＤ_GH，ＳＤ_GVとして駆動部６にセットされる。次いで、設定データＳＤ_PH，ＳＤ_PV，ＳＤ_GH，ＳＤ_GVに応じて、横及び縦方向の駆動信号が生成され、これら駆動信号に応じて駆動レンズ部３が駆動される。
【００９７】
この駆動後の駆動レンズ部３の各レンズ位置は、位置検出部７で検出され、位置データとして位置データ入力部５７に取り込まれる。横及び縦方向の位置データは、それぞれ横及び縦方向の基準位置データと比較され、差データが算出される。
【００９８】
この差データとメモリ５６に記憶されている登録データとを照合することで、カメラ姿勢が判断される。例えば、カメラ姿勢情報を読み出す元になった差データが（Ｈ，Ｖ）＝（０，５）である場合、「横向き姿勢」を示すカメラ姿勢情報が読み出される。
【００９９】
図１５は、「フラッシュ発光禁止モード」時における「振れ検出エリア選択」のサブルーチンを示すフローチャートである。このサブルーチンがコールされると、カメラ姿勢が横向き姿勢であるか否かの判断が行われる（＃５）。
【０１００】
横向き姿勢であれば（＃５でＹＥＳ）、振れ検出エリアＡ１，Ａ２内の画像データがメモリ５６から読み出されて、両画像データからコントラスト値Ｃ_A1，Ｃ_A2が得られる（＃１０，１５）。次いで、Ｃ_A1がＣ_A2以上であるか否かの判定が行われ（＃２０）、Ｃ_A1がＣ_A2以上であれば振れ検出エリアＡ１が選択され（＃２５）、そうでなければ振れ検出エリアＡ２が選択される（＃３０）。この後、リターンする。
【０１０１】
横向き姿勢でなければ（＃５でＮＯ）、振れ検出エリアＡ１内の画像データがメモリ５６から読み出され、画像データからコントラスト値Ｃ_A1が得られる（＃３５）。次いで、Ｃ_A1がＣａ以上であるか否かの判定が行われ（＃４０）、Ｃ_A1がＣａ以上であれば振れ検出エリアＡ１が選択され（＃４５）、そうでなければ振れ検出エリアＡ２が選択される（＃５０）。この後、リターンする。
【０１０２】
なお、ステップ＃５で、横向き姿勢でなければ縦向き姿勢であるとしたが、カメラ姿勢情報は、横向き姿勢か縦向き姿勢のいずれかを示すので、カメラ姿勢が縦向き姿勢であるか否かを判断するステップを、ステップ＃５のＮＯの後に更に設けるようにしてもよい。
【０１０３】
図１６は、「目標位置補正」のサブルーチンを示すフローチャートである。このサブルーチンがコールされると、目標位置設定部５３の変換で得られた縦方向の目標位置に差データの縦方向の値を加算し、縦方向の目標位置が補正される（＃５５）。この補正された目標位置は、目標位置設定部５３に渡され、設定データＳＤ_PVとして駆動部６にセットされる。
【０１０４】
次いで、目標位置設定部５３の変換で得られた横方向の目標位置に差データの横方向の値を加算し、横方向の目標位置が補正される（＃６０）。この補正された目標位置は、目標位置設定部５３に渡され、設定データＳＤ_PHとして駆動部６にセットされる。この後、リターンする。
【０１０５】
これにより、補正された横及び縦方向の目標位置に応じた横及び縦方向の駆動信号が生成され、横振れ補正レンズ３１及び縦振れ補正レンズ３２は、対応する駆動信号に応じて、目標位置に正確に移動するようになる。
【０１０６】
図１７は、「露出決定」のサブルーチンを示すフローチャートである。このサブルーチンがコールされると、測光部８１で検出された被写体輝度に応じて適正露出時間ｔｓｓが決定される（＃６５）。
【０１０７】
次いで、選択されたモードが「夜景モード」であるか否かの判定が行われ（＃７０）、「夜景モード」であれば（＃７０でＹＥＳ）、フラグＦ_F が"０"にセットされ（＃７５）、リターンする。
【０１０８】
「夜景モード」でなければ（＃７０でＮＯ）、「スローシンクロモード」であるか否かの判定が行われ（＃８０）、「スローシンクロモード」であれば（＃８０でＹＥＳ）、フラグＦ_F が"１"にセットされ（＃８５）、リターンする。
【０１０９】
「スローシンクロモード」でなければ（＃８０でＮＯ）、「フラッシュオートモード」であって、且つ適正露出時間ｔｓｓが手振れ限界時間Ｔ_LMD 以上であるか否かの判定が行われる（＃９０）。ステップ＃９０でＹＥＳであればフラグＦ_F が"１"にセットされ（＃９５）、そうでなければ"０"にセットされる（＃１００）。この後、リターンする。
【０１１０】
図１８は、「フラッシュ発光禁止モード」時以外における「振れ検出エリア選択」のサブルーチンを示すフローチャートである。このサブルーチンがコールされると、露出決定部８２からのフラグＦ_F が"１"であるか否かの判定が行われる（＃１０５）。フラグＦ_F が"１"でなければ（＃１０５でＮＯ）、振れ検出エリアＡ１，Ａ２内の画像データがメモリ５６から読み出されて、両画像データからコントラスト値Ｃ_A1，Ｃ_A2が得られる（＃１１０，１１５）。次いで、Ｃ_{A 1}がＣ_A2以上であるか否かの判定が行われ（＃１２０）、Ｃ_A1がＣ_A2以上であれば振れ検出エリアＡ１が選択され（＃１２５）、そうでなければ振れ検出エリアＡ２が選択される（＃１３０）。この後、リターンする。
【０１１１】
フラグＦ_F が"１"であれば（＃１０５でＹＥＳ）、被写体距離が距離Ｄ以下であるか否かの判定が行われ（＃１３５）、被写体距離が距離Ｄ以下でなければ（＃１３５でＮＯ）、ステップ＃１１０に進む。
【０１１２】
即ち、フラッシュを発光しない、又は発光しても届かない場合は、コントラストの高いエリアを選択して振れ補正が行われる。
【０１１３】
被写体距離が距離Ｄ以下であれば（＃１３５でＹＥＳ）、振れ検出エリアＡ２内の画像データがメモリ５６から読み出され、画像データからコントラスト値Ｃ_A2が得られる（＃１４０）。次いで、Ｃ_A2が所定値Ｃｂ以上であるか否かの判定が行われ（＃１４５）、Ｃ_A2がＣｂ以上であれば振れ検出エリアＡ２が選択され（＃１５０）、そうでなければ振れ検出エリアＡ１が選択される（＃１５５）。この後、リターンする。
【０１１４】
即ち、フラッシュを発光するシーンで、主被写体にフラッシュが届く場合は、フラッシュの瞬間光で主被写体が適正露光となるため、フラッシュの届かない背景に対して振れ補正を行い、主被写体及び背景ともに適正露光となる制御が行われる。
【０１１５】
このように、フラッシュの使用・未使用や測距情報などのカメラの撮影条件に応じた振れ検出アルゴリズムが採用されることで、様々な撮影シーンに対応する適切で迅速な振れ検出が行われるようになる。
【０１１６】
なお、本実施形態では、横及び縦方向の補正位置データは、横及び縦方向の基準位置データ値に差データの各値を加えて算出されるようになっているが、必ずしもこれに限らず、各差データ毎に予め算出されて、その差データで特定されるカメラ姿勢とともにメモリ等に記憶されるようにしてもよい。これにより、メモリ等から、差データに対応するカメラ姿勢とともに記憶されている横及び縦方向の補正位置データを読み出すことで、横及び縦方向の基準位置データの補正が可能になる。
【０１１７】
また、カメラ姿勢は、中央位置に移動させるための横及び縦方向の基準位置データの設定に応じて検出されるようにしているが、必ずしもこれに限らず、通常の振れ補正時の目標位置に応じて検出されるようにしてもよい。
【０１１８】
更に、カメラ姿勢は、補正レンズ部３を利用して検出されるようになっているが、必ずしもこれに限らず、目標位置に応じて一の面上を移動可能にされた可動部材を利用して検出されるようにしてもよい。
【０１１９】
【発明の効果】
請求項１，２記載の発明によれば、既存の回路構成のままで、カメラ姿勢に拘わらず、振れ補正レンズを常に適正な位置に移動制御させることが可能になる。これにより、振れ補正レンズの可動範囲を最大に設定することが可能になり、レンジオーバーになる可能性が低くなる。
【０１２０】
請求項３記載の発明によれば、補正レンズを目標位置に正確に移動させることが可能になる。
【０１２１】
請求項４記載の発明によれば、例えば所定の目標位置に応じて補正レンズを駆動させ、この駆動後に検出された補正レンズの位置と所定の目標位置との差情報を求めて、このときのカメラ姿勢とともにメモリ等に予め記憶しておけば、姿勢検出手段で検出されたカメラ姿勢に対応する差情報を得ることができる。これにより、補正レンズを目標位置に正確に移動させることが可能になる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明の一実施形態を示すカメラのブロック図である。
【図２】 （ａ）は、カメラが横向き姿勢にある場合の振れ検出エリアの様子を示し、（ｂ）は、縦向き姿勢の場合の振れ検出エリアの様子を示す図である。
【図３】 振れ量検出部のブロック図である。
【図４】 鏡胴内に収納された縦振れ補正レンズ等の斜視図である。
【図５】 データ選択部による振れ量データ選択抽出の説明図である。
【図６】 サーボ回路の一部を構成する駆動制御回路の一例を示すブロック図である。
【図７】 駆動特性の変化の一要因となるモータトルクの温度特性図である。
【図８】 横位置検出部の構成図である。
【図９】 横位置検出部のブロック図である。
【図１０】 露出決定部のブロック図である。
【図１１】 基準・補正位置設定部のブロック図である。
【図１２】 差演算部が算出する差の発生を説明するための縦振れ補正レンズの正面図で、（ａ）は撮影レンズが上／下方向に向けられている場合を示し、（ｂ）はカメラが横向き姿勢の場合を示し、（ｃ）は縦向き姿勢の場合を示している。
【図１３】 横向き姿勢での補正レンズ部の停止位置例を示す図である。
【図１４】 斜め向き姿勢での補正レンズ部の停止位置例を示す図である。
【図１５】 「フラッシュ発光禁止モード」時における「振れ検出エリア選択」のサブルーチンを示すフローチャートである。
【図１６】 「目標位置補正」のサブルーチンを示すフローチャートである。
【図１７】 「露出決定」のサブルーチンを示すフローチャートである。
【図１８】 「フラッシュ発光禁止モード」時以外における「振れ検出エリア選択」のサブルーチンを示すフローチャートである。
【符号の説明】
１ カメラ
２ 撮影部
３ 補正レンズ部
４ 振れ検出部
５ 振れ補正量設定部
６ 駆動部（移動手段）
７ 位置検出部（位置検出手段）
８ 露出制御部
９ モード判定部
１０ 測距モジュール
２１ 撮影レンズ
３１ 横振れ補正レンズ
３２ 縦振れ補正レンズ
４２ 振れセンサ
４３ 振れセンサ制御部
４４ 信号処理部
５１ 振れ量検出部
５２ 係数変換部
５３ 目標位置設定部
５４ 補正ゲイン設定部
５５ 温度センサ
５６ メモリ
５７ 位置データ入力部
５８ 位置・補正位置設定部
５９ 姿勢判断部（姿勢検出手段）
６１ 駆動制御回路
６２ 横アクチュエータ
６３ 縦アクチュエータ
７１ 横位置検出部
７２ 縦位置検出部
８１ 測光部
８２ 露出決定部
８３ フラッシュ発光部
８４ フラッシュ制御部
５８１ 基準位置設定部（位置設定手段）
５８２ 差演算部（差演算手段）
５８３ 補正位置設定部（位置補正手段）[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a camera that accurately drives a shake correction lens to a target position regardless of the camera posture.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, using an area sensor, etc., in which a plurality of CCDs (charge-coupled devices) and other photoelectric conversion elements are arranged in a two-dimensional manner, it detects the shake amount of the subject image caused by camera shake and detects the shake correction lens. There has been proposed a camera having a function of moving and correcting so as to cancel out the shake amount.
[0003]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-131522 discloses a configuration of a control circuit for controlling the camera shake correction lens to the center position when camera shake correction is started. Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 4-328531 discloses an improvement method for improving the performance of a servo circuit to compensate for the deterioration of control performance due to the influence of gravity depending on the posture of the camera during driving of a camera shake correction lens. It is shown.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the method described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-328531, there is a problem that the cost is increased because the servo circuit needs to be improved in order to improve the servo performance by avoiding the influence of gravity.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a camera capable of constantly controlling the movement of the shake correction lens to an appropriate position regardless of the camera posture with the existing circuit configuration. Objective.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention for solving the above problems includes a shake correction lens that can move on a surface that intersects the optical axis of the photographic lens, and a target position for shake correction for the shake correction lens during the shake correction operation. Position setting means for setting, moving means for performing shake correction by moving the shake correction lens to a setting position of the position setting means, position detection means for detecting the position of the shake correction lens, Comparing means for comparing the position after shake correction movement detected by the position detecting means with the target position, and position correcting means for correcting the target position using the comparison result of the comparing means It is.
[0007]
Further, the present invention for solving the above-described problems includes a shake correction lens that can move on a surface that intersects the optical axis of the photographing lens, a position setting unit that sets a movement target position with respect to the shake correction lens, A moving means for moving the shake correction lens to a setting position of a position setting means; a position detection means for detecting the position of the shake correction lens; a post-movement position detected by the position detection means; and the target position. Comparison means, position correction means for correcting the target position using a comparison result of the comparison means, and posture detection means for detecting a camera posture according to the comparison result, The target position corrected by the correcting means is calculated by calculating the target position information and difference information corresponding to the camera posture detected by the posture detecting means.
[0008]
In this configuration, the comparison unit preferably compares the relationship between both positions by calculating a position difference between the stop position and the target position, and the target position is corrected by the position correction unit. Driven according to the corrected target position, it moves accurately to the target position.
[0009]
The comparing means is detected by the position detecting means. After moving The difference information between the position and the target position is calculated, and the target position corrected by the position correction unit may be calculated by calculating the target position information and the difference information. According to this configuration, the correction lens is driven according to the corrected target position and accurately moves to the target position.
[0010]
Also, posture detection means for detecting a camera posture according to the comparison result is provided, and the target position corrected by the position correction means is a difference corresponding to the target position information and the camera posture detected by the posture detection means. It may be calculated by calculation with information. In this configuration, for example, the correction lens is driven in accordance with a predetermined target position, and difference information between the position of the correction lens detected after the driving and the predetermined target position is obtained, together with the camera posture at this time If stored in advance in a memory or the like, difference information corresponding to the camera posture detected by the posture detecting means can be obtained. Thus, the correction lens is driven according to information obtained from the target position information and difference information corresponding to the camera posture, and moves accurately to the target position.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a camera showing an embodiment of the present invention. The camera 1 includes a photographing unit 2, a correction lens unit 3, a shake detection unit 4, a shake correction amount setting unit 5, a drive unit 6, a position detection unit 7, an exposure control unit 8, a mode determination unit 9, and a distance measuring module 10. It is configured.
[0012]
The photographing unit 2 includes a photographing lens 21 having an optical axis L and a mechanism unit (not shown) that feeds the loaded film 22 to an imaging position on the optical axis L, and photographs a subject image.
[0013]
The correction lens unit 3 includes a horizontal shake correction lens 31 and a vertical shake correction lens 32 arranged in front of the photographing lens 21, and corrects subject image shake by a prism method. Each of the horizontal shake correction lens 31 and the vertical shake correction lens 32 has an optical axis parallel to the optical axis L, and is supported so as to be movable in horizontal and vertical directions orthogonal to each other on a plane orthogonal to the optical axis L. Yes.
[0014]
The shake detection unit 4 includes a detection lens 41, a shake sensor 42, a shake sensor control unit 43, and a signal processing unit 44, and detects subject image shake caused by relative shake of the camera 1 body with respect to the subject. Image data is obtained. The detection lens 41 has an optical axis parallel to the optical axis L of the photographing lens 21 and forms a subject image on the rear shake sensor 42. The shake sensor 42 is an area sensor in which photoelectric conversion elements such as a plurality of CCDs (charge coupled devices) are two-dimensionally arranged. The shake sensor 42 receives a subject image formed by the detection lens 41 and responds to the amount of light received. To obtain electrical signals. The image signal of the subject image is obtained as a planar set of pixel signals that are electrical signals obtained by receiving light by each photoelectric conversion element. The shake sensor control unit 43 causes the shake sensor 42 to repeatedly perform a light receiving operation for a predetermined charge accumulation time (integration time), and send the image signal obtained in each light receiving operation to the signal processing unit 44. . The signal processing unit 44 performs predetermined signal processing (processing such as signal amplification and offset adjustment) on each pixel signal from the shake sensor 42 to perform A / D conversion into pixel data.
[0015]
2A and 2B are diagrams illustrating an example of a shake detection area covered by the shake detection unit 4. FIG. 2A illustrates a shake detection area when the camera 1 is in a horizontal posture, and FIG. 2B illustrates a vertical posture. The state of the shake detection area is shown. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, the shake detection unit 4 has a shake detection area A1 located at the center and a shake detection area located, for example, on the left side as a peripheral area with respect to the shooting screen. A2 is configured to be covered. That is, the shake sensor 42 includes a light receiving surface on which a light receiving element that covers only the subject image corresponding to the shake detection area A1 among the subject images formed by the detection lens 41, and the shake detection area A2. And another light-receiving surface on which a light-receiving element that covers only the corresponding subject image is formed.
[0016]
Note that the shake detection unit 4 may use a shake sensor 42 that covers the entire shooting screen. In this case, signals in areas corresponding to the detection areas A1 and A2 may be extracted at the stage of image processing.
[0017]
The shake correction amount setting unit 5 shown in FIG. 1 includes a shake amount detection unit 51, a coefficient conversion unit 52, a target position setting unit 53, a correction gain setting unit 54, a temperature sensor 55, a memory 56, a position data input unit 57, a reference. A correction position setting unit 58 and an attitude determination unit 59 are configured to set setting data for generating a drive signal for the drive unit 6. The temperature sensor 55 detects the environmental temperature of the camera 1. The memory 56 includes a RAM that temporarily stores data such as image data and shake amount used by the shake amount detection unit 51, and an EEPROM that stores conversion coefficients used by the coefficient conversion unit 52. Further, the memory 56 (EEPROM) previously stores and stores difference data corresponding to the horizontal and vertical camera postures as registered data. Note that the registration data stored in the memory 56 may be either a horizontal orientation or a vertical orientation. This is because it is possible to determine that the posture is in the vertical orientation if the posture is in the horizontal orientation or the vertical orientation if it is not in the horizontal orientation.
[0018]
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the shake amount detection unit 51. The shake amount detection unit 51 includes a shake amount calculation unit 511, a data selection unit 512, and a predicted shake amount calculation unit 513. The shake amount detection unit 51 obtains a shake amount using image data from the signal processing unit 44, and uses this shake amount. Thus, the predicted shake amount is further obtained.
[0019]
The shake amount calculation unit 511 includes an image data dump unit 511a, a detection area selection unit 511b, and an image comparison calculation unit 511c. The image data dump unit 511a dumps the image data from the signal processing unit 44 to the memory 56 (RAM). The memory 56 stores image data of each of the shake detection areas A1 and A2.
[0020]
The detection area selection unit 511b selects one of the shake detection areas A1 and A2, and the image comparison calculation unit 511c derives the shake amount using image data in the selected area. is there.
[0021]
Here, the method for selecting the shake detection area will be described separately for the “flash emission inhibition mode” and other modes. However, in the present embodiment, the mode determination unit 9 shown in FIG. 1 switches the switch S to any one of “flash emission prohibition mode”, “night scene mode”, “slow sync mode”, and “flash auto mode”. _MD Is monitored to determine which mode is selected.
(1) How to select the shake detection area in the “flash off mode”
In the “flash emission prohibition mode”, the detection area selection unit 511b detects the shake detection area A1 according to the camera posture information indicating whether the posture is a horizontal posture or a vertical posture from the posture determination unit 59 described later. , A2 is selected.
[0022]
That is, when the camera posture information indicates a vertical posture, the detection area selection unit 511b preferentially reads out the image data in the shake detection area A1 from the memory 56, and the contrast value C of this image data. _A1 Is compared with the predetermined value Ca, C _A1 If is higher than Ca, shake detection area A1 is selected, and if not, shake detection area A2 is selected. In the case of the vertical orientation, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the shake detection area A2 is likely to have sky or ground unrelated to the main subject, while the shake detection area A1 is This is because there is a high possibility that the main subject exists.
[0023]
On the other hand, in the case of the horizontal orientation, the detection area selection unit 511b reads the image data in the shake detection areas A1 and A2 from the memory 56, and the contrast value C of the images in both areas. _A1 , C _A2 And select the area with the higher contrast value. This is because, in the case of the landscape orientation, the main subject may be present in the same manner in any of the shake detection areas A1 and A2.
(2) How to select the shake detection area other than in the “flash off mode”
In any of the “night scene mode”, “slow sync mode”, and “flash auto mode” mode, the detection area selection unit 511b uses a flag F indicating whether the flash from the exposure control unit 8 is used or not. _F And one of the shake detection areas A1 and A2 is selected according to the distance measurement data from the distance measurement module 10.
[0024]
That is, flag F _F Indicates flash usage (F _F = 1), and when the subject distance indicated by the distance measurement data is equal to or less than the distance D that the flash light reaches, the detection area selection unit 511b gives priority to the image data in the shake detection area A2 from the memory 56. Read out, contrast value C of this image data _A2 Is compared with a predetermined value Cb. As a result of this comparison, C _A2 Is higher than Cb, the shake detection area A2 is selected. Otherwise, the shake detection area A1 is selected. When using the flash, if the main subject is positioned in the shake detection area A1, the flash light is appropriately exposed, and the influence of the relative shake of the camera 1 body with respect to the main subject is negligible. When a subject such as a night view is located in the shake detection area A2, the flash light does not give a proper exposure and is long (T _LMD This is because, as a result of photographing with the shutter open time described above, shake of the main body of the camera 1 becomes a problem. However, in the present embodiment, the distance D is obtained by dividing the value of the flash guide number (GNo) by the open aperture value.
[0025]
On the other hand, flag F _F Indicates that the flash is not used (F _F = 0), or when the subject distance is longer than the distance D, the detection area selection unit 511b reads the image data in the shake detection areas A1 and A2 from the memory 56, and the contrast value C of the images in both areas. _A1 , C _A2 And select the area with the higher contrast value. In this case, since it cannot be considered that the main subject is located in the shake detection area A1, even if the subject distance is longer than the distance D, it cannot be estimated that the main subject is not properly exposed. For this reason, shake correction is performed in an area with a higher contrast value. In this case, the same processing as in the “flash emission prohibition mode” may be performed.
[0026]
Each contrast value may be a maximum contrast value or an average value.
[0027]
The image comparison calculation unit 511c obtains the shake amount using the image data in the shake detection area selected by the detection area selection unit 511b. That is, for the latest image data stored in the memory 56, an image corresponding to the standard image is extracted as a reference image, and a shake amount in units of pixels is obtained from the amount of change in the reference image position with respect to the standard image position. The shake amount is obtained for each of the horizontal and vertical directions and is temporarily stored in the memory 56.
[0028]
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the vertical shake correction lens 32 and the like housed in the lens barrel. In the present embodiment, the vertical shake correction lens 32 is housed in the lens barrel 24 and attached to a frame 321 that is rotatably supported at a fulcrum O. A gear portion 322 is formed on the outer side of the frame 321 on the opposite side of the fulcrum O. When the motor 632 having the gear 631 meshing with the gear portion 322 is driven, the vertical shake correction lens 32 moves in a substantially vertical direction. As can be understood from FIG. 4, the vertical shake correction lens 32 is movable in a substantially vertical direction within a movable range R corresponding to the inner diameter of the lens barrel 24. The same applies to the horizontal direction.
[0029]
Here, the reference image used by the image comparison calculation unit 511c will be described with reference to FIG. The reference image is set when each lens of the correction lens unit 3 is set at a predetermined reference position, for example, at a central position where each lens can be moved equidistantly in opposite directions (position where Ra = Rb in FIG. 4). An image included in the image data captured from the shake detection unit 4. In this way, by using the center position as a reference, a problem that a lens that easily occurs when one movable range is shorter than the other tends to hit the end is avoided.
[0030]
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of shake amount data selection extraction by the data selection unit 512. The data selection unit 512 selectively extracts four shake amounts including the latest shake amount from the memory 56 using a predetermined reference time (speed calculation time Tv and acceleration calculation time Tα). That is, the shake amount Ea at the latest time point t1 (hereinafter referred to as ta) is selected and extracted, and is longer than the time point ta and longer than Tv (a time width necessary for obtaining a shake speed having a required reliability). At time t3 (hereinafter referred to as tb) is retrieved, and the shake amount Eb at this time tb is selectively extracted. In addition, a time t5 (hereinafter referred to as tc) that is longer and shortest than Tα (time width necessary for obtaining the shake acceleration having the required reliability) is searched for the time ta, and at this time Tc. The shake amount Ec is selectively extracted. Further, a time point t7 (hereinafter referred to as td) that is longer and shortest than the above-described Tv with respect to the time point tc is searched, and the shake amount Ed at the time point td is selectively extracted. These four shake amounts Ea, Eb, Ec, Ed and time points ta, tb, tc, td are selected and extracted in the horizontal and vertical directions and stored in the memory 56 correspondingly.
[0031]
However, the times are older in the order of time points t1, t2,. Each time point represents an intermediate time point of the integration time. Furthermore, the upward arrow at each time point represents the detected shake amount, and these shake amounts are stored in the memory 56.
[0032]
Note that the data selection unit 512 is not limited to the selection method described above, and may select an amount of shake at the time when the separation time is closest to the predetermined reference time, or the separation that is shorter and longer than the predetermined reference time. You may make it select the shake amount in the time of time.
[0033]
The predicted shake amount calculation unit 513 illustrated in FIG. 3 calculates the predicted shake amount using the four shake amounts selected and extracted by the data selection unit 512 in each of the horizontal and vertical directions. That is, the shake speed V1 is obtained from (Equation 1) from the latest shake amount Ea and one previous shake amount Eb, and the shake speed V2 is obtained from (Equation 2) from the remaining two shake amounts Ec, Ed. Desired. Then, the shake acceleration α is obtained from the shake speeds V1 and V2 by (Equation 3).
[0034]
[Expression 1]
V1 = (Ea−Eb) / (ta−tb)
[0035]
[Expression 2]
V2 = (Ec-Ed) / (tc-td)
[0036]
[Equation 3]
α = (V1−V2) / (ta−tc)
Next, based on the assumption that the shake due to the camera shake changes substantially according to the uniform acceleration motion, the predicted shake amount E is calculated from the latest shake amount Ea, shake speed V1, and shake acceleration α according to (Equation 4). _P Is calculated.
[0037]
[Expression 4]

[0038]
However, the constant k (0 <k <1) is a correction coefficient for approaching actual camera shake, and T = (1/2) × T1 + T2 + T3 + T4 + Td. Here, the time T1 is the integration time of the shake sensor 42, the time T2 is the transfer time required until the image information of the shake sensor 42 is dumped to the memory 56, the time T3 is the calculation time for the shake amount calculation, and the time T4 is the predicted shake. This is the prediction calculation time for calculating the quantity. The time Td is a time required from the time when the shake amount detection unit 51 sends the predicted shake amount until the driving by the correction lens unit 3 is completed.
[0039]
The coefficient conversion unit 52 shown in FIG. 1 uses the horizontal and vertical predicted shake amounts as the target angular positions (drive amount) in the horizontal and vertical directions with respect to the correction lens unit 3 using the conversion coefficients stored in the memory 56. ). The coefficient conversion unit 52 calculates a correction coefficient according to the environmental temperature detected by the temperature sensor 55, and corrects the target angle position in the horizontal and vertical directions using the correction coefficient. This correction coefficient is for correcting the fluctuation of the refractive index (power) of the light caused by the focal length of the detection lens 41 and the correction lens unit 3 caused by the environmental temperature change.
[0040]
The target position setting unit 53 converts the temperature-corrected horizontal and vertical target angle positions into target position information (drive end position). These horizontal and vertical target position information is respectively set data SD. _PH , SD _PV Is set in the drive unit 6.
[0041]
The correction gain setting unit 54 obtains the horizontal and vertical gain correction amounts according to the environmental temperature detected by the temperature sensor 55, and sets each of them as setting data SD. _GH , SD _GV Is output to the drive unit 6. The horizontal and vertical gain correction amounts correct the horizontal and vertical basic gains, respectively. Setting data SD _GH , SD _GV Details of the basic gain will be described later.
[0042]
The position data input unit 57 performs A / D conversion on each output signal of the position detection unit 7 and monitors each position of the horizontal shake correction lens 31 and the vertical shake correction lens 32 from the obtained output data. . By monitoring this position data, it is possible to detect an abnormal state of the drive mechanism for the correction lens unit 3, a camera posture, and the like.
[0043]
The drive unit 6 includes a drive control circuit 61, a horizontal actuator 62, and a vertical actuator 63. The drive control circuit 61 receives setting data SD from the target position setting unit 53 and the correction gain setting unit 54. _PH , SD _PV , SD _GH , SD _GV Accordingly, the horizontal and vertical drive signals are generated. The horizontal actuator 62 and the vertical actuator 63 are composed of a coreless motor or the like (see the motor 632 and the gear 631 in FIG. 4), and the horizontal shake correction is performed according to the horizontal and vertical drive signals generated by the drive control circuit 61, respectively. The lens 31 and the vertical shake correction lens 32 are driven.
[0044]
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the drive control circuit 61 that constitutes a part of the servo circuit. First, setting data SD set in the drive control circuit 61 _GH , SD _GV Will be described. When the environmental temperature of the camera 1 changes, various characteristics relating to the shake correction drive system change. For example, as the environmental temperature changes, the torque constants of the motor (see the motor 632 in FIG. 4), the backlash of the drive system (movable mechanism) in the correction lens unit 3 and the drive unit 6, and the gears of the drive system ( The hardness of the gear portion 322 and the gear 631 in FIG.
[0045]
FIG. 7 is a temperature characteristic diagram of the motor torque that contributes to this change. As understood from FIG. 7, when the environmental temperature deviates from the reference temperature (for example, 25 ° C.), the motor torque shows a value different from the value at the reference temperature. As a result, the drive characteristics relating to shake correction change. As described above, the drive characteristics based on the basic gain in the horizontal and vertical directions (drive gain at the reference temperature) change when the environmental temperature obtained by the temperature sensor 55 deviates from the reference temperature.
[0046]
Therefore, the correction gain setting unit 54 generates a gain correction amount that corrects fluctuations in drive characteristics due to the basic gains in the horizontal and vertical directions, according to the environmental temperature obtained by the temperature sensor 55. In the present embodiment, a function (environment temperature is used as an argument) for obtaining a gain correction amount for individually correcting variations such as motor torque, backlash, and gear hardness caused by the environmental temperature deviating from the reference temperature. ) Is obtained in advance for each of the horizontal and vertical directions. Then, for each of the horizontal and vertical directions, the environmental temperature detected by the temperature sensor 55 is input to each correction function, and the total value of the obtained values is obtained as a gain correction amount. These horizontal and vertical gain correction amounts are respectively set data SD. _GH , SD _GV Is set in the drive control circuit 61.
[0047]
Next, the drive control circuit 61 will be described. In FIG. 1, for convenience of explanation, the setting data SD _GH , SD _GV Is shown as being transmitted by two signal lines, but in reality, two data lines (SCK, SD) and three control lines (CS, DA / GAIN, X) are omitted. / Y) is serially transmitted and set. Similarly, setting data D _PH , SD _PV Are alternately sent to the drive control circuit 61.
[0048]
Therefore, the drive control circuit 61 includes a buffer, a sample hold circuit, and the like. That is, in FIG. 6, the buffers 601 and 602 are set data SD that are alternately set from the target position setting unit 53, respectively. _PH , SD _PV Is a memory for storing.
[0049]
The DAC 603 is a D / A converter, and setting data SD set in the buffer 601 _PH The target position voltage V _PH Convert to Also, the DAC 603 is configured data SD set in the buffer 602. _PV The target position voltage V _PV Convert to
[0050]
Reference numerals S / H 604 and 605 denote sample and hold circuits. S / H 604 is a target position voltage V converted by DAC 603. _PH And hold the value until the next sampling. Similarly, the S / H 605 is the target position voltage V converted by the DAC 603. _PV And hold the value until the next sampling.
[0051]
The adder circuit 606 generates a target position voltage V _PH And the output voltage V of the lateral position detector 71. _H Is obtained. The adder circuit 607 generates a target position voltage V _PV And the output voltage V of the vertical position detector 72 _V Is obtained. The addition circuits 606 and 607 are output voltages V that are negative voltages output from the horizontal position detector 71 and the vertical position detector 72. _H , V _V And target position voltage V _PH , V _PV Is added to obtain the difference voltage.
[0052]
V / V608 amplifies the input voltage to a voltage as a proportional gain in the horizontal direction at a preset ratio with respect to the reference temperature, and V / V609 is used to amplify the input voltage with respect to the reference temperature. The voltage is amplified to a voltage as a proportional gain in the vertical direction at a preset ratio. Here, the proportional gain in the horizontal direction is a gain that is proportional to the difference between the target position of the lateral shake correction lens 31 and the position of the lateral shake correction lens 31 detected by the lateral position detection unit 71. The proportional gain in the vertical direction is a gain that is proportional to the difference between the target position of the vertical shake correction lens 32 and the position of the vertical shake correction lens 32 detected by the vertical position detection unit 72.
[0053]
The differentiation circuit 610 performs differentiation based on a preset time constant with respect to the reference temperature to the difference voltage obtained by the addition circuit 606 to obtain a voltage as a differential gain in the horizontal direction. This obtained voltage corresponds to a lateral speed difference (difference between the target driving speed and the current driving speed). Similarly, the differentiation circuit 611 performs differentiation based on a time constant set in advance with respect to the reference temperature to the difference voltage obtained by the addition circuit 607 to obtain a voltage as a differential gain in the vertical direction. This obtained voltage corresponds to the speed difference in the vertical direction (difference between the target drive speed and the current drive speed).
[0054]
As described above, the proportional and differential gains as the basic gains with respect to the reference temperature are set in the horizontal and vertical directions by the V / V 608 and 609 and the differentiation circuits 610 and 611, respectively.
[0055]
The buffer 612 stores the setting data SD from the correction gain setting unit 54. _GH Is a memory for storing. This setting data SD _GH Is a gain correction amount (proportional and differential gain correction amount) for correcting the horizontal basic gain (proportional and differential gain). The buffer 613 stores the setting data SD from the correction gain setting unit 54. _GV Is a memory for storing. This setting data SD _GV Is a gain correction amount (proportional and differential gain correction amount) for correcting the basic gain (proportional and differential gain) in the vertical direction.
[0056]
The HP gain correction circuit 614 adds an analog voltage corresponding to the lateral proportional gain correction amount from the buffer 612 to the lateral proportional gain obtained by V / V 608, and performs lateral correction after temperature correction. Proportional gain is output. In addition, the VP gain correction circuit 615 adds an analog voltage corresponding to the vertical proportional gain correction amount from the buffer 613 to the vertical proportional gain obtained by V / V609, thereby performing vertical correction after temperature correction. A proportional gain in the direction is output.
[0057]
The HD gain correction circuit 616 adds an analog voltage corresponding to the lateral differential gain correction amount from the buffer 612 to the lateral differential gain obtained by the differentiating circuit 610, and performs lateral correction after temperature correction. The differential gain is output. Further, the VD gain correction circuit 617 adds an analog voltage corresponding to the vertical differential gain correction amount from the buffer 613 to the vertical differential gain obtained by the differentiating circuit 611, thereby performing vertical correction after temperature correction. The differential gain in the direction is output.
[0058]
As described above, the HP gain correction circuit 614, the VP gain correction circuit 615, the HD gain correction circuit 616, and the VD gain correction circuit 617 perform temperature correction on the proportional and differential gains as the basic gain.
[0059]
The LPF 618 is a low-pass filter that removes high-frequency noise contained in the output voltages of the HP gain correction circuit 614 and the HD gain correction circuit 616. The LPF 619 is a low-pass filter that removes high-frequency noise contained in each output voltage of the VP gain correction circuit 615 and the VD gain correction circuit 617.
[0060]
The driver 620 is a motor driving IC that supplies driving power corresponding to the output voltages of the LPFs 618 and 619 to the horizontal actuator 62 and the vertical actuator 63, respectively.
[0061]
The position detector 7 shown in FIG. 1 includes a horizontal position detector 71 and a vertical position detector 72. The horizontal position detection unit 71 and the vertical position detection unit 72 detect the current positions of the horizontal shake correction lens 31 and the vertical shake correction lens 32, respectively.
[0062]
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of the lateral position detection unit 71. The lateral position detection unit 71 includes a light emitting diode (LED) 711, a slit 712, and a PSD 713. The LED 711 is attached to the position where the gear portion is formed in the frame 311 of the lateral shake correction lens 31 (see LED 721 in FIG. 4). The slit 712 is for sharpening the directivity of light emitted from the light emitting portion of the LED 711. The PSD 713 is attached to a position facing the LED 711 on the inner wall side of the lens barrel 24, and outputs photoelectric conversion currents I1 and I2 having values corresponding to the light receiving position (center of gravity position) of the emitted light beam from the LED 711. The position of the lateral shake correction lens 31 is detected by measuring the difference between the photoelectric conversion currents I1 and I2. Similarly, the vertical position detector 72 is configured to detect the position of the vertical shake correction lens 32.
[0063]
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the lateral position detector 71. In addition to the LED 711 and the PSD 713, the lateral position detection unit 71 includes an I / V conversion circuit 714, 715, an addition circuit 716, a current control circuit 717, a subtraction circuit 718, an LPF 719, and the like. The I / V conversion circuits 714 and 715 convert the output currents I1 and I2 of the PSD 713 into voltages V1 and V2, respectively. The adder circuit 716 obtains an added voltage V3 of the output voltages V1 and V2 of the I / V conversion circuits 714 and 715. The current control circuit 717 increases or decreases the base current of the transistor Tr1 so as to keep the output voltage V3 of the adder circuit 716, that is, the light emission amount of the LED 711 constant. The subtraction circuit 718 obtains a difference voltage V4 between the output voltages V1 and V2 of the I / V conversion circuits 714 and 715. The LPF 719 cuts a high frequency component included in the output voltage V4 of the subtraction circuit 718.
[0064]
Next, the detection operation by the lateral position detector 71 will be described. Currents I1 and I2 sent from the PSD 713 are converted into voltages V1 and V2 by I / V conversion circuits 714 and 715, respectively.
[0065]
Next, the voltages V 1 and V 2 are added by the adder circuit 716. The current control circuit 717 supplies a current at which the voltage V3 obtained by this addition is always constant to the base of the transistor Tr1. The LED 711 emits light with a light amount corresponding to the base current.
[0066]
On the other hand, the voltages V1 and V2 are subtracted by the subtraction circuit 718. The voltage V4 obtained by this subtraction is a value indicating the position of the lateral shake correction lens 31. For example, when the light receiving position (center of gravity position) is located at a position separated from the center of the PSD 713 on the right by the length x, the length x, the currents I 1 and I 2, and the light receiving area length L of the PSD 713 satisfy the relationship of .
[0067]
[Equation 5]

[0068]
Similarly, the length x, the voltages V1 and V2, and the light receiving area length L satisfy the relationship of (Equation 6).
[0069]
[Formula 6]

[0070]
Thus, if the control is performed so that the value of V2 + V1, that is, the voltage V3 is always constant, the relationship of (Equation 7) is obtained, and the value of V2-V1, that is, the value of the voltage V4 indicates the length x. Thus, if the voltage V4 is monitored, the position of the lateral shake correction lens 31 can be detected.
[0071]
[Expression 7]

[0072]
The exposure control unit 8 shown in FIG. 1 includes a photometry unit 81, an exposure determination unit 82, a flash light emitting unit 83, and a flash control unit 84. The photometry unit 81 receives light from a subject with a photoelectric conversion element such as Cds (cadmium sulfide) and detects the brightness of the subject (subject brightness).
[0073]
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the exposure determining unit 82. The exposure determination unit 82 includes an exposure time determination unit 821, an image blur occurrence determination unit 822, and a flash use / unuse determination unit 8223. The exposure time determination unit 821 determines an appropriate exposure time (tss) according to the subject brightness detected by the photometry unit 81.
[0074]
When the determination result of the mode determination unit 9 is “flash auto mode”, the image blur generation determination unit 822 determines the appropriate exposure time determined by the exposure time determination unit 821 as the camera shake limit time (T _LMD ) It is determined whether or not it is above. The camera shake limit time is a time at which the subject image shake due to camera shake is inconspicuous. For example, when the focal length of the taking lens 21 is f [mm], it is about 1 / (1.4 × f) [seconds]. It will be time. Note that if the appropriate exposure time is equal to or greater than the camera shake limit time, the subject image shake becomes noticeable (occurs).
[0075]
The flash use / unuse determination unit 823 determines whether or not to use the flash according to the determination results of the mode determination unit 9 and the image blur generation determination unit 822. If the flash is used, the flag F is used. _F Is set to "1", otherwise "0" is set for transmission. In other words, in the “flash auto mode”, the use of the flash is determined in the case where the appropriate exposure time is equal to or greater than the camera shake limit time and in the “slow sync mode”. It is like that.
[0076]
The flash light emitting unit 83 shown in FIG. 1 is configured (not shown) by a flash that is a white light source such as an Xe (xenon) tube and a charging capacitor that supplies charging power to the flash. The flash controller 84 starts supplying charging power from the charging capacitor to the flash, monitors the amount of flash light that is reflected back from the subject, and the charging power when the monitored light amount reaches the appropriate exposure. The control which stops supply of this is performed. Further, the flash control unit 84 sets the flag F set by the exposure determination unit 82. _F Is transferred to the shake amount detection unit 51.
[0077]
The distance measuring module 10 includes an infrared LED (IRED) and a one-dimensional PSD that receives the LED light reflected and returned from the subject, and corresponds to the distance to the subject according to the light receiving position of the PSD. Distance measurement information to be obtained.
[0078]
The distance measuring module 10 is not limited to the active type, and may be an external light passive module including a pair of line sensors that receive light from a subject. In the external light passive module, a subject image is received by a pair of line sensors, and distance measurement data corresponding to the distance from the subject image to the subject distance is obtained between the two line sensors. In addition, in order to obtain accurate distance measurement information, a pair of line sensors are arranged with a plurality of, for example, H shapes in the shooting screen, and one of the distance measurement areas is preferentially used according to the camera posture. It is also possible to use a more accurate distance measurement.
[0079]
FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the reference / correction position setting unit 58. The reference / correction position setting unit 58 includes a reference position setting unit 581, a difference calculation unit 582, and a correction position setting unit 583.
[0080]
The reference position setting unit 581 sets the reference position data in the horizontal and vertical directions for moving each lens of the correction lens unit 3 to the center position with respect to the target position setting unit 53 as setting data SD. _PH , SD _PV As shown in FIG.
[0081]
The difference calculation unit 582 takes in the position data of each lens of the correction lens unit 3 after moving according to the reference position data in the horizontal and vertical directions from the position data input unit 57, and both the acquired positions and the horizontal and vertical directions. The difference from the reference position is calculated. The obtained difference data is sent to the correction position setting unit 583 and the posture determination unit 59.
[0082]
FIG. 12 is a front view of the vertical shake correction lens 32 for explaining the occurrence of the difference calculated by the difference calculation unit 582. FIG. 12A shows a case where the photographing lens is directed upward / downward. b) shows the case where the camera is in the horizontal orientation, and (c) shows the case where it is in the vertical orientation.
[0083]
For example, the servo force of the motor 632 (refer to FIG. 4) that is stopped by rotating the gear 631 according to the vertical reference position (for example, center position) data is applied to the vertical shake correction lens 32 and the frame 321. If not influenced by gravity, the vertical shake correction lens 32 accurately stops at the center position as shown in FIG.
[0084]
Here, in the horizontal posture, the servo force of the motor 632 in the stopped state is defeated by the downward gravity of the vertical shake correction lens 32 and the frame 321, and the vertical shake correction lens 32 is raised to the center position. As shown in FIG. 12B, it stops in equilibrium at a position slightly below it.
[0085]
On the other hand, in the case of the vertical orientation, the servo force of the motor 632 in the stopped state is not affected by gravity (not at all) as shown in FIG. The shake correction lens 32 stops (substantially) accurately at the center position.
[0086]
Therefore, the lateral orientation difference data is obtained in advance and stored in the memory 56. Similarly, the vertical orientation difference data for the lateral shake correction lens 31 is obtained in advance and stored in the memory 56.
[0087]
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a stop position of the correction lens unit 3 in the horizontal posture as an example for explaining the posture information of the camera 1 stored in advance in the memory 56 together with the difference data. -H _max To + H _max Indicates the movable range of the lateral shake correction lens 31, and −V _max To + V _max Indicates the movable range of the vertical shake correction lens 32.
[0088]
In the case of the horizontal orientation, when the horizontal and vertical reference position data is set, the horizontal shake correction lens 31 stops at the reference position (H = 0), and the vertical shake correction lens 32 shifts downward from the reference position. Stop at (V = -5). The camera posture information indicating the “lateral posture” at this time is stored in the memory 56 together with the difference data (0, −5). Similarly, camera posture information indicating the “vertical posture” in which the right side of the main body of the camera 1 is up is stored in the memory 56 together with the difference data (−5, 0), and the “vertical posture” in which the right side is down is displayed. The camera posture information shown is stored in the memory 56 together with the difference data (5, 0).
[0089]
It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 14, not only the horizontal posture and the vertical posture described above, but also an oblique posture may be included in the camera posture detection target. In this case, camera posture information indicating “an oblique posture” in which the right side of the main body of the camera 1 is tilted upward by 45 degrees is stored in the memory 56 together with the difference data (−3, −3), and the left side is tilted upward by 45 degrees. The camera posture information indicating the “oblique posture” is stored in the memory 56 together with the difference data (3, −3).
[0090]
If a lens having an operation range of two dimensions is used, difference data can be measured two-dimensionally with one lens.
[0091]
Further, not only the determination of the camera posture described above, but if the difference data is not stable, it may be determined that the posture of the camera 1 is not stable. That is, if both data are handled in vector, all postures can be detected (determined).
[0092]
The correction position setting unit 583 shown in FIG. 11 holds the difference data from the difference calculation unit 582, and each of the horizontal and vertical target positions obtained by the conversion of the target position setting unit 53 is the horizontal difference data. And the value in the vertical direction is added (because the difference data is obtained so that the target position is corrected by adding. However, the difference data is obtained so that the target position is corrected by subtracting. In this case, subtraction is performed.), The target position in the horizontal and vertical directions is corrected. Thereby, each lens of the correction lens unit 3 is accurately moved to the corresponding target position. These corrected target positions in the horizontal and vertical directions are transferred to the target position setting unit 53, and the setting data SD is set respectively. _PH , SD _PV Is set in the drive unit 6. The correction position setting unit 583 may have a memory for holding the difference data, or may use the RAM of the memory 56.
[0093]
The posture determination unit 59 shown in FIG. 1 detects (determines) the posture of the camera 1 by collating the difference data from the difference calculation unit 582 with the registered data in the memory 56. For example, when the difference data is (0, -5), it is determined that the camera 1 is in the horizontal orientation as a result of the collation. Since the camera posture can be discriminated, it is easy to select a shake detection area and, further, to select a distance measurement area in autofocus, and more accurate and high-speed control is possible.
[0094]
Note that the shake sensor control unit 43, signal processing unit 44, shake amount detection unit 51, coefficient conversion unit 52, target position setting unit 53, correction gain setting unit 54, position data input unit 57, reference position setting unit 58, posture determination The unit 59, the exposure determination unit 82, the flash control unit 84, the mode determination unit 9, and the like are configured by an MPU (microprocessor unit) that executes a program in which the following processing is described. Each of the above units may be composed of one or a plurality of MPUs.
[0095]
Next, the operation of the camera 1 will be described.
[0096]
First, an operation when the posture determination unit 59 determines the camera posture will be described. When determining the camera posture, the target position setting unit 53 converts the horizontal and vertical reference position data from the reference position setting unit 581 into the setting data SD. _PH , SD _PV Is set in the drive unit 6. In parallel with this, the horizontal and vertical gain correction amounts obtained according to the environmental temperature detected by the temperature sensor 55 are set data SD. _GH , SD _GV Is set in the drive unit 6. Next, setting data SD _PH , SD _PV , SD _GH , SD _GV Accordingly, drive signals in the horizontal and vertical directions are generated, and the drive lens unit 3 is driven in accordance with these drive signals.
[0097]
Each lens position of the driving lens unit 3 after the driving is detected by the position detection unit 7 and is taken into the position data input unit 57 as position data. The position data in the horizontal and vertical directions are compared with the reference position data in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, and difference data is calculated.
[0098]
By comparing this difference data with the registered data stored in the memory 56, the camera posture is determined. For example, when the difference data from which the camera posture information is read is (H, V) = (0, 5), the camera posture information indicating “lateral orientation” is read.
[0099]
FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of “shake detection area selection” in the “flash emission inhibition mode”. When this subroutine is called, it is determined whether or not the camera posture is a horizontal posture (# 5).
[0100]
If the posture is landscape orientation (YES in # 5), the image data in the shake detection areas A1 and A2 are read from the memory 56, and the contrast value C is obtained from both image data. _A1 , C _A2 Is obtained (# 10, 15). Then C _A1 Is C _A2 It is determined whether or not the above is satisfied (# 20), and C _A1 Is C _A2 If so, shake detection area A1 is selected (# 25), otherwise shake detection area A2 is selected (# 30). After this, return.
[0101]
If it is not in the horizontal orientation (NO in # 5), the image data in the shake detection area A1 is read from the memory 56, and the contrast value C is read from the image data. _A1 Is obtained (# 35). Then C _A1 Is determined whether or not Ca is greater than or equal to Ca (# 40), C _A1 If Ca is greater than or equal to Ca, shake detection area A1 is selected (# 45). Otherwise, shake detection area A2 is selected (# 50). After this, return.
[0102]
In step # 5, it is assumed that the posture is a vertical posture if it is not a horizontal posture. However, since the camera posture information indicates either a horizontal posture or a vertical posture, it is determined whether or not the camera posture is a vertical posture. May be further provided after NO in step # 5.
[0103]
FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of “target position correction”. When this subroutine is called, the vertical value of the difference data is added to the vertical target position obtained by the conversion of the target position setting unit 53 to correct the vertical target position (# 55). The corrected target position is transferred to the target position setting unit 53 and set data SD _PV Is set in the drive unit 6.
[0104]
Next, the horizontal value of the difference data is added to the horizontal target position obtained by the conversion of the target position setting unit 53 to correct the horizontal target position (# 60). The corrected target position is transferred to the target position setting unit 53 and set data SD _PH Is set in the drive unit 6. After this, return.
[0105]
Accordingly, horizontal and vertical drive signals corresponding to the corrected horizontal and vertical target positions are generated, and the horizontal shake correction lens 31 and the vertical shake correction lens 32 correspond to the target position according to the corresponding drive signals. To move accurately.
[0106]
FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing an “exposure determination” subroutine. When this subroutine is called, the appropriate exposure time tss is determined in accordance with the subject brightness detected by the photometry unit 81 (# 65).
[0107]
Next, it is determined whether or not the selected mode is “night scene mode” (# 70). If it is “night scene mode” (YES in # 70), flag F _F Is set to "0"(# 75) and the process returns.
[0108]
If it is not “night view mode” (NO in # 70), it is determined whether or not it is “slow sync mode” (# 80). If it is “slow sync mode” (YES in # 80), a flag is set. F _F Is set to "1"(# 85) and the process returns.
[0109]
If it is not “slow sync mode” (NO in # 80), it is “flash auto mode” and the appropriate exposure time tss is the camera shake limit time T _LMD It is determined whether or not this is the case (# 90). If YES at step # 90, flag F _F Is set to "1"(# 95), otherwise it is set to "0"(# 100). After this, return.
[0110]
FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of “shake detection area selection” other than in the “flash emission prohibition mode”. When this subroutine is called, the flag F from the exposure determining unit 82 _F Is determined to be “1” (# 105). Flag F _F Is not “1” (NO in # 105), the image data in the shake detection areas A1 and A2 are read from the memory 56, and the contrast value C is obtained from both image data. _A1 , C _A2 Is obtained (# 110, 115). Then C _{A 1} Is C _A2 It is determined whether or not this is the case (# 120), and C _A1 Is C _A2 If so, shake detection area A1 is selected (# 125), otherwise shake detection area A2 is selected (# 130). After this, return.
[0111]
Flag F _F Is “1” (YES in # 105), it is determined whether or not the subject distance is less than or equal to the distance D (# 135), and if the subject distance is not less than the distance D (NO in # 135). The process proceeds to step # 110.
[0112]
That is, when the flash is not emitted or when it does not reach even after emitting light, an area with high contrast is selected and shake correction is performed.
[0113]
If the subject distance is less than or equal to the distance D (YES in # 135), the image data in the shake detection area A2 is read from the memory 56, and the contrast value C is read from the image data. _A2 Is obtained (# 140). Then C _A2 Is determined to be greater than or equal to a predetermined value Cb (# 145). _A2 If Cb is greater than or equal to Cb, shake detection area A2 is selected (# 150), otherwise shake detection area A1 is selected (# 155). After this, return.
[0114]
In other words, when the flash reaches the main subject in a scene that emits flash, the main subject is properly exposed with the flash's instantaneous light, so shake correction is performed on the background where the flash does not reach, and both the main subject and background Control for proper exposure is performed.
[0115]
In this way, the use of a shake detection algorithm according to the shooting conditions of the camera, such as whether or not the flash is used and distance measurement information, enables proper and quick shake detection corresponding to various shooting scenes. become.
[0116]
In the present embodiment, the correction position data in the horizontal and vertical directions is calculated by adding each value of the difference data to the reference position data value in the horizontal and vertical directions. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Alternatively, it may be calculated in advance for each difference data and stored in a memory or the like together with the camera posture specified by the difference data. Thus, the horizontal and vertical reference position data can be corrected by reading the horizontal and vertical correction position data stored together with the camera posture corresponding to the difference data from the memory or the like.
[0117]
In addition, the camera posture is detected according to the setting of the horizontal and vertical reference position data for moving to the center position, but is not necessarily limited to this, and the target position at the time of normal shake correction is used. It may be detected accordingly.
[0118]
Further, the camera posture is detected using the correction lens unit 3, but this is not necessarily the case, and a movable member that is movable on one surface according to the target position is used. May be detected.
[0119]
【The invention's effect】
Claim 1 , 2 According to the described invention, it is possible to always move and control the shake correction lens to an appropriate position regardless of the camera posture with the existing circuit configuration. As a result, the movable range of the shake correction lens can be set to the maximum, and the possibility of over-range is reduced.
[0120]
Claim 3 According to the described invention, the correction lens can be accurately moved to the target position.
[0121]
Claim 4 According to the described invention, for example, the correction lens is driven in accordance with a predetermined target position, and the difference information between the position of the correction lens detected after the driving and the predetermined target position is obtained, together with the camera posture at this time If stored in advance in a memory or the like, difference information corresponding to the camera posture detected by the posture detecting means can be obtained. As a result, the correction lens can be accurately moved to the target position.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a camera showing an embodiment of the present invention.
2A is a view showing a state of a shake detection area when the camera is in a horizontal posture, and FIG. 2B is a view showing a state of a shake detection area when the camera is in a vertical posture.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a shake amount detection unit.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a vertical shake correction lens and the like housed in a lens barrel.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of shake amount data selection extraction by a data selection unit;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of a drive control circuit that constitutes a part of a servo circuit.
FIG. 7 is a temperature characteristic diagram of motor torque, which is one factor of changes in drive characteristics.
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a lateral position detection unit.
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a lateral position detection unit.
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an exposure determining unit.
FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a reference / correction position setting unit.
FIG. 12 is a front view of a vertical shake correction lens for explaining the occurrence of a difference calculated by a difference calculation unit, in which (a) shows a case where a photographing lens is directed upward / downward, and (b). Indicates a case where the camera is in a horizontal posture, and (c) indicates a case where the camera is in a vertical posture.
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a stop position of the correction lens unit in a horizontal posture.
FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a stop position of the correction lens unit in an oblique orientation.
FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of “shake detection area selection” in “flash emission prohibition mode”;
FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing a “target position correction” subroutine;
FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing an “exposure determination” subroutine;
FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of “shake detection area selection” other than in the “flash emission inhibition mode”.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Camera
2 Shooting department
3 Correction lens
4 Runout detector
5 Shake correction setting section
6 Drive unit (moving means)
7 Position detection unit (position detection means)
8 Exposure control unit
9 Mode judgment part
10 Ranging module
21 Photography lens
31 Lateral shake correction lens
32 Longitudinal correction lens
42 Runout sensor
43 Vibration sensor controller
44 Signal processor
51 Runout detection unit
52 Coefficient converter
53 Target position setting section
54 Correction gain setting section
55 Temperature sensor
56 memory
57 Position data input section
58 Position / correction position setting section
59 Posture determination unit (posture detection means)
61 Drive control circuit
62 Lateral actuator
63 Vertical actuator
71 Lateral position detector
72 Vertical position detector
81 Metering unit
82 Exposure determiner
83 Flash flash unit
84 Flash controller
581 Reference position setting section (position setting means)
582 Difference calculation unit (difference calculation means)
583 Correction position setting unit (position correction means)

Claims (4)

  A shake correction lens capable of moving on a surface intersecting the optical axis of the photographing lens, a position setting means for setting a target position for shake correction during the shake correction operation, and the position setting means Moving means for performing shake correction by moving the shake correction lens to the set position, position detection means for detecting the position of the shake correction lens, and after the shake correction movement detected by the position detection means A camera comprising: comparison means for comparing the position of the target position and the target position; and position correction means for correcting the target position using a comparison result of the comparison means.   A shake correction lens that can move on a plane that intersects the optical axis of the photographic lens, a position setting unit that sets a movement target position with respect to the shake correction lens, and the shake correction lens that moves to a set position of the position setting unit A moving means for detecting the position, a position detecting means for detecting a position of the shake correction lens, a comparing means for comparing the position after movement detected by the position detecting means with the target position, A position correction unit that corrects the target position using a comparison result; and a posture detection unit that detects a camera posture according to the comparison result. The target position corrected by the position correction unit is the target position A camera characterized in that it is calculated by calculation of information and difference information corresponding to the camera posture detected by the posture detection means.   The comparison means calculates difference information between the position after movement detected by the position detection means and the target position. The target position corrected by the position correction means is the target position information and the target position. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the camera is calculated by calculation with difference information.   It comprises posture detection means for detecting a camera posture according to the comparison result, and the target position corrected by the position correction means is the target position information and difference information corresponding to the camera posture detected by the posture detection means. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the camera is calculated by the following calculation.

Images