JP3727843B2 - Waste liquid concentration apparatus and waste liquid concentration method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention particularly relates to a waste liquid concentrating apparatus and a waste liquid concentrating method for concentrating waste liquid discharged from various plants and living spaces.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In factories, buildings, and plants, waste liquid is discharged along with waste heat. Waste liquid is concentrated by using waste heat, and disposal or pre-disposal processing is performed. For concentration, evaporation is used. FIG. 7 shows an evaporative waste liquid concentrator 101. The waste liquid 102 circulating from the upper part of the concentration apparatus 101 is introduced, and the concentrated waste liquid 103 concentrated by evaporation is discharged from the lower part of the concentration apparatus 101 and returned to the concentration apparatus 101 again. A cylindrical steam exhaust cylinder 104 is arranged in the central region of the upper part of the concentrating device 101 which is a cylindrical container. While the waste liquid 102 is introduced in a tangential direction into an annular space formed between the concentrator 101 and the steam exhaust cylinder 104 and rotates in the annular space, the liquid component is concentrated. It adheres to the inner peripheral wall surface of 101 and flows down the inner peripheral wall surface by gravity. Other liquid components in the waste liquid 102 introduced into the concentrator 101 are gravity-selected and fall by gravity. The vapor component that evaporates in the waste liquid 102 introduced into the concentrator 101 passes through a demister (network structure film) 105 of the steam exhaust tube 104 and is discharged from the upper end of the steam exhaust tube 104 as an ascending current. The
[0003]
Such an evaporator, which has been developed as a gas-liquid separation device and technically matured, has a high gas-liquid separation effect due to its centrifugal action, but its diameter is designed to be larger in order to exhibit the centrifugal force effect more. . For this reason, centrifugal concentrators tend to be designed with large diameters. Even if the centrifugal separation effect is not so high, the evaporator used for concentration of the waste liquid is often desired by the user to be smaller than the concentration performance.
[0004]
Miniaturization is prioritized over concentration performance, and users are required to optimize their use as a waste liquid concentrator rather than as an evaporator.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a waste liquid concentrating device and a waste liquid concentrating method in which downsizing is prioritized and promoted over concentration performance, and the use is appropriately changed as a waste liquid concentrating device rather than an evaporator. .
Another subject of the present invention is a waste liquid concentrating device in which miniaturization is promoted rather than concentration performance, the use is appropriately changed as a waste liquid concentrating device rather than an evaporator, and the manufacturing cost is reduced, and waste liquid concentrating It is to provide a method.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Means for solving the problem is expressed as follows. Technical matters appearing in the expression are appended with numbers, symbols, etc. in parentheses. The numbers, symbols, and the like are technical matters constituting at least one embodiment or a plurality of embodiments of the present invention, or a plurality of embodiments, in particular, the embodiments or examples. This corresponds to the reference numbers, reference symbols, etc. attached to the technical matters expressed in the drawings corresponding to. Such reference numbers and reference symbols clarify the correspondence and bridging between the technical matters described in the claims and the technical matters of the embodiments or examples. Such correspondence or bridging does not mean that the technical matters described in the claims are interpreted as being limited to the technical matters of the embodiments or examples.
[0007]
The waste liquid concentration apparatus according to the present invention includes an outer cylinder (10) and an inner cylinder (11) arranged inside the outer cylinder (10). The outer cylinder (10) includes an opening (16) through which the waste liquid flow (8) is introduced. The inner cylinder (11) includes a passage portion (15) through which the gas portion passes preferentially over the liquid portion. The liquid portion adsorbs and adheres to the surface of the inner cylinder (11), particularly the surface and the outer surface thereof, and flows down the surface by gravity. Thus, the surface of the inner cylinder (11) forms a flow surface in which the liquid portion flows downward in the vertical direction. The resistance portion (14) is disposed in the lower part of the inner cylinder (11) and provides resistance to the upward flow. The resistance portion (14) has a crossing surface that continues (continues) the flow surface and crosses the flow surface. The waste liquid flow is introduced into the outer cylinder (10) so as to collide with the inner cylinder. Since the resistance portion (14) provides resistance to the rising vapor flow, the risk of blowing off the liquid dripping from the peripheral edge of the crossing surface of the resistance portion (14) is reduced.
[0008]
The crossing surface is orthogonal to the flow surface. Alternatively, the crossing surface is inclined with respect to the flow surface. The intersection line where the fluid surface and the intersection surface intersect is an ellipse. The resistance portion (14) forming such a crossing surface or crossing line is a liquid draining plate formed as an outer ring annular portion of a flat plate that crosses the cylinder diagonally (hereinafter, the resistance portion will be described as a liquid cutting plate). ). In this case, the inner cylinder is a cylinder. The cylinder has a low resistance to centrifugal flow. Alternatively, the crossing surface is a conical surface. The lower end portion of the obliquely oriented liquid draining plate (14) inevitably has a sharp shape, and can facilitate the liquid draining. When the liquid is concentrated at a sharp point and has a large mass, it is less likely to be blown away by a steam flow having a low flow velocity due to the resistance of the liquid draining plate (14).
[0009]
In the waste liquid concentration method according to the present invention, the waste liquid flow (8) is caused to collide with the inner cylinder (11) disposed in the outer cylinder (10), and the liquid component is attached to the surface of the inner cylinder (11). The liquid part flows down on the surface, the liquid component flowing down on the surface of the inner cylinder (11) flows on the liquid cutting plate (14) having an upper surface following the surface, and on the upper surface of the liquid cutting plate (14). The liquid portion is constituted by draining the liquid portion at the peripheral edge of the liquid draining plate (14) and imparting resistance to the steam flow at the lower surface of the liquid draining plate (14). The upper surface is preferably inclined with respect to the vertical direction.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Corresponding to the figure, in the embodiment of the waste liquid concentration apparatus according to the present invention, a concentration apparatus which is an evaporator is incorporated in the waste liquid concentration cycle. As shown in FIG. 1, waste liquid 4 is introduced from the waste liquid tank 3 to the concentrator 1 by a pump 2. The waste liquid 4 stays in the lower part of the concentration device 1. A part of the waste liquid 4 is sent to the heater 6 by the pump 5. High-temperature steam 7 discharged from a plant not shown is introduced into the heater 6. The heater 6 is a heat exchanger in which heat exchange is performed between the waste liquid 4 and the high-temperature steam 7.
[0011]
The concentration target waste liquid 8 heated by the heater 6 is introduced into the concentration apparatus 1. A two-phase flow containing heated and partially evaporated vapor is injected towards the central region of the concentrator 1. The concentration target waste liquid 8 thus sprayed is gas-liquid separated in the concentration apparatus 1. The vapor component that has been subjected to gas-liquid separation is discharged from the top of the concentrating device 1 to the outside of the concentrating device 1 due to its vapor pressure, and led to the condenser 9. The water liquefied by the condenser 9 is discharged from the condenser 9.
[0012]
FIG. 2 shows the concentrator 1 in detail. In the concentrator 1, an outer cylinder 10 and an inner cylinder 11 are arranged in the outer cylinder 10. A part of the inner cylinder 11 penetrates the ceiling wall 12 of the outer cylinder 10 in the vertical direction. The inner cylinder 11 includes a cylindrical portion 13 and a liquid draining plate 14. In the cylindrical portion 13, a demister portion 15 is partially formed in a band shape. The demister portions 15 are arranged in two stages. The demister portion 15 is formed of a mesh film having an appropriate mesh. The demister portion 15 is not limited to a mesh film, and can be formed as a porous cylindrical plate. The demister portion 15 has physical properties that allow vapor to pass but make it difficult to pass liquid.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 3, a part of the outer cylinder 10 is opened to form an opening 16. The concentration target waste liquid 8 passes through the opening 16 and travels substantially straight and collides with the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical portion 13 at a substantially right angle. The liquid draining plate 14 is a gutter joined to the lower end of the cylindrical portion 13. The joining surface or joining line between the liquid drain plate 14 and the cylindrical portion 13 is elliptical, and the plane including the joining surface has an inclination angle of approximately 45 degrees with respect to the vertical direction. The lower end of the cylindrical portion 13 is open and formed as an opening 17. A lower end portion 18 of the elliptical ring-shaped liquid cutting plate 14 is a sharpened portion 19 that is sharp in the radial direction. The shaping for sharpening the sharpened portion 19 to improve the drainage can be freely designed.
[0014]
Examples of the waste liquid include rust water mixed with rust in an iron pipe of a plant, washing water discharged during building cleaning, and washing water discharged when washing work clothes. A large amount of hot water and hot water is discharged from generators, air conditioners, etc. in multi-person gathering areas such as plants, condominium buildings for daily use, and business buildings. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the waste liquid heated to a high temperature by exchanging heat with such hot water is introduced into the concentrating device 1. A two-phase flow that is a waste liquid flow or a mixture of a vapor flow and a waste liquid flow collides with the outer surface of the cylindrical portion 13, and a part of the two-phase flow is adsorbed on the outer surface and the cylinder of the cylindrical portion 13. A part of the gas is further vaporized while making a half turn on the circumferential surface. The other part of the two-phase flow is further vaporized while being scattered in the space around the inner cylinder 11. The droplets scattered in this manner fall by gravity against the rising steam flow and are separated from the steam by gravity.
[0015]
The vaporized vapor enters the demister portion 15 of the inner cylinder 11 by its own vapor pressure, and proceeds from the top of the inner cylinder 11 to the condenser 9 as described above. The waste fluid flowing on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 13 is braked by the viscous resistance and flows downward as a downward flow a by gravity. As shown in FIG. 4, the downward flow a flows on the inclined surface of the upper surface of the liquid draining plate 14 and flows and flows down as an oblique flow b, and as shown in FIG. However, the volume of the droplet-like water droplet (waste liquid droplet) 21 is further increased and falls as a droplet 22. In the concentrating device 1, an updraft c is generated as a whole, and the droplet-like water droplets 21 before liquid draining may be blown upward by the updraft c, but it flows down the peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 13. The total amount of liquid moisture to be formed is a large and heavy droplet-shaped water droplet 21 at the sharpened portion 19, and such fear is eliminated, and the droplet 22 is more reliably dropped.
[0016]
Adsorption separation in which the liquid phase is separated from the gas phase by being adsorbed on the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 13 is inferior in terms of the separation efficiency compared with the centrifugal separation of the conventional evaporator, but shortens the diameter of the inner cylinder 11. The profit is great.
[0017]
FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the waste liquid concentration apparatus according to the present invention. The present embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that a skirt 14 ′ that is a liquid draining plate is used instead of the liquid draining plate 14 according to the above-described embodiment. The skirt 14 ′ is a truncated conical oblique plate, and the downward flow a flowing down the circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 13 is distributed almost uniformly over the entire circumference and flows down the skirt 14 ′. The liquid droplet or liquid layer that swells at the circular lower end edge of the skirt 14 ′ is resisted by the sneak current d that is guided to the upper surface of the skirt 14 ′ in the rising air flow c, but is adsorbed by the skirt 14 ′ and blown off. There is little fear.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
The waste liquid concentration apparatus and the waste liquid concentration method according to the present invention give priority to the adsorption separation of the waste liquid, but the liquid draining plate effectively prevents scattering of the adsorbed waste liquid due to the vapor flow. Although the centrifugal separation effect is smaller, the downsizing of the device is promoted, and the concentration effect of the concentrating device is obtained as a priority benefit over the evaporation effect of the evaporator.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an equipment system diagram showing an embodiment of a waste liquid concentration apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a waste liquid concentration apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an oblique projection of a part of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a front view showing the action of liquid draining.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the concentrating device according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a known evaporative waste liquid concentrating device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Concentrator 8 ... Waste liquid flow 10 ... Outer cylinder 11 ... Inner cylinder 14 ... Resistance part (liquid cutting board)
15 ... Passing part

Claims (7)

An outer cylinder,
Including an inner cylinder disposed inside the outer cylinder,
The outer cylinder includes an opening into which a waste liquid flow is introduced,
The inner cylinder includes a passage part through which the gas part preferentially passes over the liquid part,
The surface of the inner cylinder forms a flow surface where the liquid portion flows downward in the vertical direction,
A resistance portion disposed at a lower portion of the inner cylinder to provide resistance to the upward flow;
The resistance portion has a crossing surface that crosses the flow surface following the flow surface,
The waste liquid concentrating device in which the waste liquid flow collides with the inner cylinder. The waste liquid concentration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the crossing surface is orthogonal to the flow surface. The waste liquid concentration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the crossing surface is inclined with respect to the flow surface. The waste liquid concentration apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a cross line where the flow surface and the cross surface intersect is an ellipse. The waste liquid concentration apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the crossing surface is a conical surface. Making the waste liquid flow collide with the inner cylinder arranged in the outer cylinder;
Attaching a liquid part to the surface of the inner cylinder and causing the liquid part to flow down on the surface;
Flowing the liquid portion flowing down on the surface of the inner cylinder on a liquid draining plate having an upper surface following the surface;
Draining the liquid portion flowing on the upper surface of the liquid draining plate at the periphery of the liquid draining plate;
A waste liquid concentration method comprising: providing resistance to a steam flow at a lower surface of the liquid draining plate. The waste liquid concentration method according to claim 6, wherein the upper surface is inclined with respect to a vertical direction.

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