JP3724919B2 - Air membrane structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention covers a whole work space such as a construction site such as repair and painting of a ship, a construction site, a temporary exhibition hall, a ball game field, etc., and is lightweight so that it can work even during snowfall, The present invention relates to an air membrane structure that is easy to set up.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, outdoor work is stopped when it rains or snows, and the work is continued after the rain and snow stop. However, a large-sized roof-like membrane structure has been proposed so that work can be performed efficiently without being affected by the weather such as rain and snow. For example, as a method of securing a work space during such rainy weather or snowfall, there is a structure that covers a frame made of pipe material etc. with a sheet, but when it becomes large, the weight of pipe material etc. increases and transports, There is a problem that the labor required for setting up and dismantling becomes very large.
[0003]
As a method for solving this problem, the present inventors in Japanese Patent Application No. 7-332520 have achieved a weight reduction that ensures a working space by injecting air into the air membrane structure by a blower or the like to form a roof shape. An air film structure was proposed. However, in the case of this air film structure, it can cope with rainfall, but it is buckled by a large amount of snow and strong winds, especially strong winds exceeding 10 m / sec , and the air film structure is crushed, and the work space Has a problem that cannot be secured.
[0004]
As a method of preventing the deformation and buckling of the membrane structure due to external loads such as snow and wind, there is reinforcement by providing a frame or the like with a lightweight steel frame. It is necessary to provide a gantry, and the air film structure cannot be easily set up. In addition to reinforcement methods such as mounting a stand, it is conceivable to increase the internal pressure of the membrane structure. However, in order to secure the internal pressure to withstand the use conditions in the required environment, a high-performance blower Is needed. In addition, in order to make a membrane body that can withstand high internal pressure, it is necessary to increase the strength of the membrane body, which increases the weight of the membrane body itself, and deteriorates handling properties such as transportation, installation, and disassembly. Have.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the above-described problems, the present invention is to provide a lightweight air membrane structure that is easy to set up, dismantle, and transport and that can withstand a large wind pressure.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Here, according to the present invention, (Claim 1) a double structure comprising an inner membrane and an outer membrane using a membrane material having a weight of 30 to 200 g / m ² and an air permeability of 0.1 cc / sec · cm ² or less. An air chamber is formed by a rib-shaped hoezue membrane that connects the inner membrane and the outer membrane, and the rib-like hoezue membrane is provided with an opening through which air can flow, and is injected into the air chamber. An air film structure that has an arch shape that covers the work space with the pressurized gas and that simultaneously satisfies the following requirements A to D is provided.
A. Ratio b / a of installation front width (b) and opening front width (a) is 1.20 to 1.35,
B. The ratio d / c of the total height (d) to the effective height (c) is 1.10 to 1.35,
C. The ratio c / a between the effective height (c) and the opening width (a) is 0.2 to 0.5,
D. With respect to the outer membrane having the arch shape, the radius of curvature at the zenith portion is denoted by _ru, and the radius of curvature at the central portion (L / 2) with respect to the circumference (L) from the installation surface of the outer membrane to the zenith portion. The ratio r _u / r where r is r _m . Is 1.15 to 1.30.
[0007]
(Claim 2) The air membrane structure according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing member is disposed integrally with the air membrane structure on an outer portion of the outer membrane and / or an inner portion of the inner membrane.
(Claim 3) The air membrane structure according to claim 1 or ² , wherein the reinforcing member is an air tube made of a membrane material, and the weight of the membrane material is 100 to 600 g / m ^2. (Claim 4) The air membrane structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a check valve is provided in an opening of a rib-shaped Hojozue membrane that connects the inner membrane and the outer membrane, and the inner membrane and the outer membrane. The body is provided.
[0008]
The air permeability referred to in the present invention is the amount of air passing through the fabric when measured by applying a 1.27 cm water column pressure to the fabric in accordance with “JIS L1096 General Fabric Test Method”.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The embodiment of the present invention described above will be described below in detail together with the operation thereof with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view partially including a cross section illustrating an air membrane structure of the present invention.
In this figure, 1 is a main body of an air membrane structure (hereinafter referred to as “main body”), 2 is an outer membrane body, 3 is an inner membrane body, and 4 is a rib-like foie membrane, which forms an air chamber. Then, a roof-like three-dimensional shape is formed by the air pressurized and injected into the air chamber. The rib-like foie membrane (4) has a double structure by connecting the inner membrane body (3) and the outer membrane body (4), and a circular opening (so that air flows through the entire air chamber). 6) is provided. For this reason, when pressurized air is injected into the air chamber, the air membrane structure itself is formed in a predetermined three-dimensional shape like a roof and can cover the work space. Further, 5 is an outer rib, and 7 is an air supply / exhaust port, and a plurality of air supply / exhaust ports (7) are attached from the viewpoint of quickly exhausting the air in the main body (1) when the main body (1) is folded. However, the number is appropriately determined depending on the shape, size, structure, etc. of the air membrane structure.
[0010]
Next, FIG. 2 is a front view in which a part of the air membrane structure shown in FIG. 1 is omitted. In the figure, 8 indicates a blower.
[0011]
In addition, as a film body used for the main body (1), for example, a woven or knitted fabric made of at least one kind of fiber selected from the group of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, polyolefin fiber, and polyarylate fiber is used. One or both surfaces coated with polyurethane, acrylic rubber, fluoro rubber, vinyl chloride resin or the like can be used. In this case, the air permeability of the membrane body is preferably in the 0.1cc / sec · cm ² or less, it is preferable to substantially 0cc / sec · cm ^2. This is because if the air permeability of the film body exceeds 0.1 cc / sec · cm ² , the pressure in the air chamber of the main body (1) is lowered, and its shape retention is not preferred.
[0012]
Next, the weight of each of the inner membrane body and the outer membrane body needs to be 30 to 200 g / m ² . This is because if the weight is within the above range, the weight of the film body itself can be reduced, satisfying the work requirement that the main body can be set up quickly and easily, and the film body This is because mechanical properties such as tear strength and tensile strength can be satisfied at the same time. That is, if the weight exceeds 200 g / m ² , the weight of the air membrane structure increases, and the work such as installation and dismantling is troublesome and takes time. On the other hand, if the weight is less than 30 g / m ² , the air membrane structure Stable use is difficult because its mechanical properties are reduced.
[0013]
Here, regarding the shape and size of a practical air membrane structure, a shape as shown in FIG. 2 is required. Here, a is the installation front width, b is the opening front width, c is the total height, and d is the effective height. Here, as a range of dimensions to which a practical shape of the air membrane structure is applied, the ratio b / a of the installation front width b and the opening front width a is set to a range of 1.20 to 1.35. It is necessary. If b / a is less than 1.20, the body easily buckles due to an external load. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1.35, the ratio of the effective area that can be used for work to the installation area is remarkably high. The problem arises that it is not economical because it decreases.
[0014]
Next, the ratio d / c between the total height d and the effective height c needs to be set in the range of 1.10 to 1.35. Here, if d / c is less than 1.10, it is easily buckled against external loads, especially loads applied near the zenith of the main body due to snow accumulation, etc. The film material to be increased increases, the weight of the main body increases, and the handling becomes difficult, and the wind receiving area on the front surface of the main body increases, so that it cannot withstand a large wind pressure.
[0015]
Further, the ratio c / a between the effective height c and the aperture width a needs to be set in the range of 0.2 to 0.5. Here, if c / a is less than 0.2, not only does the living space become smaller, but the shape of the main body approaches parallel to the installation surface, so that it is easy to accumulate snow on the main body, and 0.5 If it exceeds, the area where the wind pressure acting on the main body is positive (pressing) increases, and the wind load applied to the main body becomes large, so that it tends to buckle.
[0016]
Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 2, the radius of curvature r _u at the top portion of the outer film having an arch shape (3), and, the arch from the installation surface of the outer membrane member (3) up to the ceiling portion when the curvature radius r _m of the central portion (L / 2 parts) to the circumferential length L, the ratio r _u / r _m is preferably set to 1.15 to 1.30. If r _u / r _m is less than 1.15, depending on the wind pressure distribution, the buckling behavior of the main body due to wind load is generally 1/2 of the zenith from the installation surface. Small wrinkles may occur (micro buckling), and when the wind load increases, the deflection may increase and collapse as a whole (macro buckling). Therefore, it is necessary to ensure rigidity at a height position of 1/2 from the installation surface to the zenith. If r _u / r _m exceeds 1.30, the wind receiving area on the front surface of the main body is increased, so that a large wind pressure is received.
[0017]
With the shape as described above the air film structure of the present invention,-out pressure of the air chamber of the air film structure 0.0037kg / cm ² Noto, and wind speed 10m / sec ~16m / sec Even if it becomes, the shape can be maintained.
[0018]
Here, as the blower (8) for sending the pressurized air to the air chamber of the air membrane structure of the present invention, a blower or a fan can be suitably used. In this case, as the capacity of the blower (8), it is possible to supply a larger air volume than the amount of air leakage from the main body (1), and to generate a static pressure capable of maintaining the shape of the main body (1). Anything is possible. Further, the blower (8) can supply hot air from a hot air blower or the like so that snow accumulation can be effectively melted by heat conduction from the film material and discharge of the heated air from the film material. Also good.
[0019]
Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3A and 3B show a front view and a side view, respectively.
[0020]
In FIG. 3A, 9 is an air tube arranged integrally with the main body (1) on the outer side of the outer membrane and / or the inner side of the inner membrane, and 10 is an air tube fixing tool for fixing the air tube. . Here, the air tube (9) forms an arch shape by supplying air from a compressor or the like (not shown), and this arch shape can be arbitrarily designed according to the shape of the main body, It is not limited. The number of air tubes (9) to be installed can be appropriately selected depending on wind conditions and the like, and is used by being fixed integrally with the main body (1) by the air tube fixture (10). Moreover, as a film | membrane body used for an air tube (9), the weave which consists of at least 1 sort (s) of fiber chosen from the group of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, polyolefin fiber, and polyarylate fiber, for example One or both surfaces of the knitted fabric that are coated with polyurethane, acrylic rubber, fluoro rubber, vinyl chloride resin, or the like can be used. At this time, the air permeability of the film body is preferably substantially 0 cc / sec · cm ² . Furthermore, the film body weight of the air tube (9) is preferably 100 to 600 g / m ² . This is because if the weight exceeds 600 g / m ² , the rigidity of the film body increases, so that it becomes bulky when stored, whereas if it is less than 100 g / m ² , the mechanical properties of the air tube itself deteriorate. Stable use is difficult.
[0021]
As a reinforcement by the reinforcing member, another embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. Fig.4 (a) shows the front view of the air membrane structure which attached the reinforcement member. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a reinforcing member. As the reinforcing member (11), a metal or resin rod or pipe can be used, and several reinforcing members may be connected to form a single reinforcing member.
[0022]
However, when the reinforcing member is formed of an air tube using a membrane material having a weight of 100 to 600 g / m ² , the reinforcing member is formed into a film body shape on the living space side of the main body inner membrane due to its elasticity. The main body (1) receives a repulsive force that attempts to return the reinforcing member to a straight state, so that the main body (1) is always lifted and rigidity is increased. .
[0023]
Next, FIG.4 (b) shows CC sectional drawing of Fig.4 (a), 12 shows a reinforcement member fixing tool. Here, regarding the fixing of the reinforcing member (11) to the main body (1), if the reinforcing member (11) is disposed in the recessed portion between the air chambers as shown in the drawing, the reinforcing member (11) is hardly displaced. Further, the reinforcing member fixture (12) can be easily attached and detached with a magic tape or the like.
[0024]
Further, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the check valve provided at the opening of the rib-shaped Hojozue membrane that connects the inner membrane and the outer membrane. FIG. 5 (a) is a front view, and FIG. DD sectional drawing in figure (a) is shown, respectively.
[0025]
In FIG. 5A, reference numeral 13 denotes a check valve, and the check valve (13) is provided at the opening of the rib-shaped hojoze membrane (4). In FIG. 5B, 14 indicates a fixing plate, 15 indicates a rubber sheet, and 16 indicates a set screw. The rubber sheet (15) is fixed to the fixing plate (14) by a set screw (16). By fixing, the weight is reduced and the cost is reduced.
[0026]
Next, the operation of the check valve provided as described above will be described with reference to FIG. 6A and 6B are partial enlarged views of FIG . 1 , and the air flow direction is indicated by arrows.
[0027]
As shown in the figure, the check valve (13) is provided at the opening of the rib-shaped hojozu membrane 4. Here, when the internal pressure of the air chamber (17) is lower than the internal pressure of the air chamber (18), the check valve (13) deforms the rubber sheet (15), and the air to the air chamber (17). When the internal pressure of the air chamber (17) is higher than the internal pressure of the air chamber (18), the rubber sheet (15) closes the opening of the fixing plate (14) and the reinforced air chamber (14). It plays a role in preventing the outflow of air. Generally, when the main body (1) is suddenly deformed, the internal pressure of the main body (1) rapidly increases, and as a result, air flows out from the main body (1) through the blower and the membrane material into the atmosphere. For this reason, the check valve (13) is provided to prevent leakage of the air amount (reduction in air pressure) in the main body (1), thereby preventing the main body (1) from buckling as a result. be able to. In the present invention, the check valve (13) is easily opened when air is sent from the blower to the air chamber of the main body (1) so that the main body (1) can form a predetermined three-dimensional shape. Needless to say, it is provided in the positive direction so as to take the air flow direction.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the structure is simple and lightweight without causing the air film structure to collapse due to snow accumulation or wind pressure not only during raining but also during snowfall or strong wind. Therefore, it is possible to provide an air film structure that can be easily set up, dismantled, transported, and the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view partially including a cross section illustrating a conventional air film structure.
FIG. 2 is a front view schematically showing a part of the air membrane structure shown in FIG. 1 with a part thereof omitted.
FIG. 3A is a front view illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
(B) is the side view which illustrated the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4A is a front view of an air membrane structure equipped with a reinforcing member.
(B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C. FIG. 5 (a) is a front view of a part of the cross-section showing another embodiment of the present invention.
(B) shows a front view of the check valve.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. 5A for explaining the operation of the check valve.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air membrane structure main body 2 Outer membrane body 3 Inner membrane body 4 Rib-like foyer film 6 Opening part 7 Air supply / exhaust port 8 Blower 9 Air tube 10 Air tube fixing tool 11 Reinforcement member 12 Reinforcement member fixing tool 13 Check valve 14 Fixing plate 15 Rubber sheet 16 Set screw

Claims (4)

A rib structure that connects the inner membrane and the outer membrane by forming a double structure with an inner membrane and an outer membrane using a membrane material having a weight of 30 to 200 g / m ² and an air permeability of 0.1 cc / sec · cm ² or less. An air chamber is formed by the hojozue membrane, and the rib-like hojozue membrane is provided with an opening through which air can flow, and has an arch shape that covers the work space by the pressurized gas injected into the air chamber, An air film structure that satisfies the following requirements A to D simultaneously.
A. Ratio b / a of installation front width (b) and opening front width (a) is 1.20 to 1.35,
B. The ratio d / c of the total height (d) to the effective height (c) is 1.10 to 1.35,
C. The ratio c / a between the effective height (c) and the opening width (a) is 0.2 to 0.5 ,
D. Regarding the outer membrane having the arch shape, the radius of curvature at the zenith portion is denoted by _ru, and the radius of curvature at the central portion (L / 2) with respect to the circumferential length (L) from the outer membrane installation surface to the zenith portion. The ratio r _u / r where r is r _m . Is 1.15 to 1.30.   The air membrane structure according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing member is integrally disposed with the air membrane structure on an outer portion of the outer membrane and / or an inner portion of the inner membrane. The air membrane structure according to claim 1 or ² , wherein the reinforcing member is an air tube made of a membrane material, and the weight of the membrane material is 100 to 600 g / m2.   The air membrane structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a check valve is provided in an opening portion of a rib-shaped Hojozue membrane that connects the inner membrane and the outer membrane and the inner membrane and the outer membrane.

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