JP3724439B2 - Garbage reduction container - Google Patents

Garbage reduction container Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3724439B2
JP3724439B2 JP2002064283A JP2002064283A JP3724439B2 JP 3724439 B2 JP3724439 B2 JP 3724439B2 JP 2002064283 A JP2002064283 A JP 2002064283A JP 2002064283 A JP2002064283 A JP 2002064283A JP 3724439 B2 JP3724439 B2 JP 3724439B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
air
tank
compression
air tank
bellows tank
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002064283A
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JP2003261201A (en
Inventor
秀昭 山田
一雅 六嶋
浩之 大村
敬善 中岡
重行 山口
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
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Priority to JP2002064283A priority Critical patent/JP3724439B2/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30PRESSES
    • B30BPRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/305Drive arrangements for the press ram

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse Receptacles (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、家庭や事務所等で発生する紙類、プラスチック類等からなる可燃ごみを圧縮するための技術に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
家庭から排出されるごみのうち、缶類やビン類やペットボトルと言ったリサイクル系のごみを除けば、残りは生ごみや紙類やプラスチック類等からなる可燃ごみが大部分を占める。これらのごみ処理は、決められた時間に所定のごみ収集場所から収集車により運搬されて集中的に焼却又は埋め立てられるシステムであり、一般的にごみ収集は1週間に2回程度行われるものであることから、多い家庭では4日程の間にキッチン内のごみ容器には収まりきらなくなって屋外のペール容器等に一旦移す必要があった。
【0003】
生ごみについてはバイオ式や乾燥式やディスポーザ式の生ごみ処理機が普及しつつあり減容可能であるが、これらは生ごみ専用の処理機であって当然ながら紙類やプラスチックの減容に用いることはできない。そこで、特開平8−119401号公報には、紙ごみ等を減容する圧縮機能付きのごみ減容器が提案されている。このものは、蛇腹状をした蛇腹タンクの先端に圧縮プレートが取付けてあって、エアポンプにより蛇腹タンクを加圧することで圧縮プレートをごみ収納器内の所定位置にまで押し付けてごみを圧縮すると共に、圧縮後はエアポンプにより蛇腹タンクを減圧することで圧縮プレートを所定個所に収納するものである。
【0004】
ところが、上記のような従来例の圧縮動作中において例えば多量のごみや固いごみが投入されたことで圧縮プレートが所定位置に到達する前に停止した場合には、蛇腹タンク内の空気圧が急激に上昇して蛇腹タンクの破損やその支持部の破損を招くことがあった。また、収納動作中において例えば圧縮プレートが所定個所に収納されたことを検知する手段に故障を生じた場合には、蛇腹タンクが既に収縮しきった状態となってもエアポンプによる減圧が停止されず、蛇腹タンク内の空気圧が急激に減少して蛇腹タンクの破損やその支持部の破損を招くことがあった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記の点に鑑みてなされたものであり、トラブルが生じた場合にも蛇腹タンク内の空気圧の急激な変化を抑制して故障を防ぐことのできるごみ減容器を提供することを課題とするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために本発明を、ごみ収納器を備えると共に、ごみ収納器内のごみを圧縮するための圧縮機構として、伸縮自在なエアタンクと、エアタンクを加圧により伸張させて減圧により収縮させるエアポンプと、エアタンクの伸張及び収縮と連動して移動する圧縮プレートとを備え、エアタンクの伸張に連動した圧縮プレートの移動によりごみ収納器内のごみを圧縮する圧縮動作を行い、エアタンクの収縮に連動した圧縮プレートの移動により該圧縮プレートを所定個所に収納する収納動作を行うごみ減容器において、圧縮動作の開始時点から所定時間経過時点までの間はエアタンクの加圧とエアタンク内の大気開放を交互に行うと共に、収納動作の開始時点から圧縮プレートが所定箇所に収納されたと検知後の所定時間経過時点までの間はエアタンクの減圧とエアタンク内の大気開放を交互に行うことを特徴としたものとする。
【0007】
このようにすることで、多量のごみや固いごみが投入されて圧縮動作中に圧縮プレートが本来停止するべき時点よりも早くに移動を停止した場合であっても、エアタンクの内圧が上昇するほどに大気開放時に流出する空気量も大きくなることから内圧の上昇幅は徐々に小さくなって、所定時間経過時点までの間に内圧が許容範囲を超えてしまうことが防止される。また、圧縮プレートの収納を検知する手段が故障して圧縮プレートが収納されているにも関わらず圧縮動作が終了されない場合であっても、エアタンクの内圧が減少するほどに大気開放時に流入する空気量も大きくなることから内圧の減少幅は徐々に小さくなって、内圧が許容範囲よりも低下してしまうことが防止される。
【0008】
また、圧縮動作終了後、収納動作を開始するまでにエアタンク内を大気開放させておくことも好ましく、このようにすることで、次に収納動作を行なう際にエアタンク内が大気圧の状態から開始することができる。
【0009】
また、収納動作終了後、圧縮動作を開始するまでにエアタンク内を大気開放させておくことも好ましく、このようにすることで、収納動作終了から次の圧縮動作を開始するまでの間にエアタンクやその支持部にかかる負荷を低減させることができ、更に、収納動作の次に圧縮動作を行う際にエアタンク内が大気圧の状態から開始することができる。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を添付図面に示す実施の形態に基づいて説明する。
【0011】
ごみ減容器2は上方が開口したごみ収容器1とごみ収容器1内のごみ(紙やプラスチックのような可燃ごみ)を圧縮するための圧縮機構とよりなるもので、圧縮機構は、伸縮自在なエアタンクとして備えた蛇腹状をした蛇腹タンク3と、蛇腹タンク3の伸縮に連動して移動してごみ収容器1内のごみを圧縮する圧縮プレート4と、蛇腹タンク3を動作させるためのエアポンプ5とにより構成してある。
【0012】
図1乃至図4に示すようにキャビネットより構成してある本体20内に設けた前方が開口したごみ収容器収納部21内に引き出し体23を引き出し自在に収納し、この引き出し体23にごみ収容器1が取り出し自在に収納載置してある。引き出し体23の前端部には蓋となる前板22を立設してあり、引き出し体23を押し込んだ状態でごみ収容器収納部21の前開口を閉じるようになっている。また、引き出し体23はごみ収容器収納部21内の両内側面に設けたレール24に沿ってスライド自在となっている。
【0013】
ごみ収容器1内には図8に示すようにごみ袋10がセットされる。つまり、引き出し体23を引き出した状態で、ごみ収容器1内に上端部が開口したごみ袋10を入れてごみ収容器1の上開口からごみ袋10の上部を折り返してごみ収容器1の外面側に出し、ごみ収容器1の上開口の縁部にごみ袋押さえ11を嵌め込んで取付けることでごみ袋押さえ11によりごみ袋10をごみ収容器1に対して装着セットするものである。ごみ袋押さえ11は環状をしていて下方が開口した溝部11aをごみ袋10を介してごみ収容器1の上開口の縁部に嵌め込むものであり、このごみ袋押さえ11にはごみ袋10を介してごみ収容器1の上部内面に沿って垂下する垂下片12が設けてあって、圧縮プレート4を上方に移動させた際に圧縮プレート4によりごみ袋10が上方にずり上げられるのを垂下片12により防止するようになっている。
【0014】
また、ごみ袋押さえ11には磁性体14が設けてあり、引き出し体23の所定位置にごみ収容器1を載設した状態で引き出し体23を閉じてごみ収容器1が正規の収納位置に収納されると(つまりごみ収容器1の上開口が後述の圧縮プレート4と上下方向に対向する位置になると)、磁性体14が本体20内の所定位置に設けたリードスイッチ15に対向する位置となり、磁性体14がリードスイッチ15を動作してごみ収納容器1が正しくセットされたことを検出するようになっている。そして、この磁性体14によりリードスイッチ15を動作した状態でのみ下記のエアポンプ5が運転されて蛇腹タンク3が伸縮動作を行うようになっている。このため、ごみ収容器1が本体20に正しく収納してない状態で誤って蛇腹タンク3が伸張動作してごみ収容器1に当たり、伸縮機構やごみ収容器1を破損しないようになっている。
【0015】
本体20のごみ収容器収納部21内の上部には蛇腹タンク収納部25が設けてあり、蛇腹状をした伸縮自在な蛇腹タンク3を縮めた状態で蛇腹タンク収納部25内に収納できるようになっている。蛇腹タンク3は上端部が蛇腹タンク収納部25の天井部25aに取付けてあり、山部7と谷部19とが交互に連続する蛇腹状をした筒状をしていて、その形状蛇腹タンク3の伸張方向に向う程(つまりごみ容器1の底部側に向かう程)径が大きくなるような末広がり形状となっている。そして、蛇腹タンク3の下端部には圧縮プレート4が取り付けてあり、この圧縮プレート4の下面部には防汚プレート17が着脱自在に取付けてある。
【0016】
本体20にはロックピン39が上下移動自在に取付けてあり、このロックピン39はばね40により通常は下方に引き下げてあり、図6(b)に示すようにロックピン39のロック部39aが本体20内に収納された引き出し体23の前板22に設けたロック孔41に嵌め込まれて引き出し体23が引き出せないようになっている。このロックピン39には操作部42が設けてあり、蛇腹タンク3を収縮した際に図6(a)のように圧縮プレート4により上記操作部42が上方に押し上げられ、ロックピン39のロック部39aが引き出し体23の前板22のロック孔41から上方に抜け、引き出し体23を引き出すことができるようになっている。
【0017】
図9に示すように本体20内にはエアポンプ5が設けてあり、このエアポンプ5と上記蛇腹タンク3とが配管26により接続してある。配管26のエアポンプ5側は2経路26a、26bに分岐してあり、一経路26aはエアポンプ5のエア吐出口5aに接続してあると共に他の一経路26bはエアポンプ5のエア吸入口5bに接続してある。上記2経路26a、26bにはそれぞれ3方弁よりなる切り換え弁27a、27bが設けてあり、図10(a)のように切り換え弁27a、27bを切り換えてエアポンプ5を運転すれば矢印a1方向に空気が流れ、蛇腹タンク3内を加圧して蛇腹タンク3を伸張させることができ(この場合切り換え弁27bから外気がエアポンプ5側に吸い込まれる)、この加圧中に図10(b)のように切り換え弁27a、27bを切り換えてエアポンプ5を停止すれば、大気開放された蛇腹タンク3内から矢印a2方向に空気を流出させることができる。また、図10(c)のように切り換え弁27a、27bを切り換えてエアポンプ5を運転すれば矢印b1方向に空気が流れ、蛇腹タンク3内を減圧して蛇腹タンク3を収縮させることができ(この場合切り換え弁27aから外部に排気される)、この減圧中に図10(d)のように切り換え弁27a、27bを切り換えてエアポンプ5を停止すれば、大気開放された蛇腹タンク3内に矢印b2方向に空気を流入させることができる。なお、図中の切り換え弁27a、27bにおいて、黒塗り部分が三方弁のうち開放される部分を示している。
【0018】
図9中の28は制御部で上記換え弁27a、27bの切り換え制御やエアポンプ5の運転制御を行うものであり、また、29は操作・表示部で運転釦や運転表示ランプ等が設けてある。
【0019】
ごみ収容器1の内部の下部には蛇腹タンク3の伸張方向に対する伸張を規制するための段部6を構成している。蛇腹タンク3の加圧と大気開放を交互に繰り返しながら蛇腹タンク3を伸張させていくと圧縮プレート4(実施形態では圧縮プレート4に取付ける防汚プレート17)が連動して下方に移動してごみを圧縮する。そして、圧縮プレート4が段部6に当たった後はそれ以上の蛇腹タンク3の伸張が防止されて、蛇腹タンク3が過度な伸張により破損しないようにしてある。蛇腹タンク3の加圧と大気開放の繰り返し動作は、圧縮動作開始時点で開始したタイマが所定時間Taを経過した時点で停止される。
【0020】
また、圧縮プレート4の上面部には磁性体30を設け、本体20には蛇腹タンク3を収縮した状態で磁性体30により動作されるリードスイッチ31を設けており、蛇腹タンク3の減圧と大気開放を交互に繰り返しながら蛇腹タンク3を収縮させていくと、蛇腹タンク3の収縮と連動して上方に移動した圧縮プレート4が蛇腹タンク収納部25内の所定個所に収納された状態で磁性体30によりリードスイッチ31がオン動作される。そして、リードスイッチ31のオン動作により収納プレート4が所定個所に収納されたとの検知時点からタイマを開始させて所定時間Tbを経過した時点で蛇腹タンク3の減圧と大気開放の繰り返し動作が停止され、蛇腹タンク3の収縮状態を磁性体(図示せず)により保持すると共に蛇腹タンク3内を大気開放した状態で圧縮プレート4を蛇腹タンク収納部25内に収納するものである。
【0021】
キャビネットより構成してある本体20には更に小物収納用引き出し45、資源ごみ収納引き出し46、食品トレー・牛乳パック収納用引き出し47、空き缶圧縮機48が設けてある。
【0022】
次に、上記のような構成のごみ減容器2の使用につき説明する。
【0023】
引き出し体23を引き出して引き出し体23に載設しているごみ収容器1内に紙やプラスチックのような可燃性ごみを投入する。次に、引き出し体23を押し込む。引き出し体23を押し込んでごみ収容器1が本体20内の所定位置に至るとごみ袋押さえ11に設けた磁性体14が本体20内に設けたリードスイッチ15をオンしてごみ収納容器1が正しくセットされたことが検知される。
【0024】
この状態で、操作・表示部29に設けた操作釦を操作して圧縮機構を駆動させ、圧縮動作を行なわせる。すなわち、図10(a)の切り換え弁27a、27bを切り換えて所定の加圧時間Ta1だけエアポンプ5を運転して矢印a1方向に空気を流入させて蛇腹タンク3内を加圧し、次に、図10(b)の切り換え弁27a、27bを切り換えて所定の開放時間Ta2だけ蛇腹タンク3内を大気開放して矢印a2方向に空気を流出させるといった動作を、図11に示すように圧縮動作の開始時点から所定時間Taを経過する時点までの間だけ繰り返すようになっており、大気開放時に流出する空気量は蛇腹タンク3の内圧が高くなるほど多くなるものの、全体には時間の経過に伴って蛇腹タンク3が徐々に伸張して紙やプラスチック等の可燃性ごみを圧縮プレート4により圧縮するように、加圧時間Ta1及び開放時間Ta2を設定している。
【0025】
正常に運転が行われた場合、図12(a)に実線で示すように圧縮開始直後はごみの反力は小さく蛇腹タンク3の内圧も低いが圧縮プレート4の下降に伴い徐々に内圧が上昇し、所定時間Taを経過する前の例えば図中の時間t1経過時点で圧縮プレート4が段部6に当たり、その後は蛇腹タンク3の容積が増加しない為に内圧が急上昇して、所定時間Taの経過により圧縮動作を停止した時点で蛇腹タンク3の内圧は許容範囲内である内圧p2(>大気圧p0)となる。
【0026】
他方、正常に運転が行われない場合、つまりごみの量が多過ぎたり固過ぎたりして段部6に当たる前の時間t1´(<t1)経過時点であり内圧p1´(<p1)である時点で圧縮プレート4が下降を停止してしまう場合には、正常運転時よりも早く内圧が急上昇を始めてしまう。この場合、例えば本発明のように加圧と大気開放を繰り返すのでなく図13に示すように継続的に加圧を行う従来のものであれば、図14(a)に一点鎖線で示すように停止後の内圧の上昇は正常運転時の上昇よりも急になり、且つ、所定時間Taを経過するまでの時間も長くなるので、圧縮動作終了時点で蛇腹タンク3の内圧は許容範囲を超える内圧p2´となってしまい、蛇腹タンク3の破損やその支持部の破損を招く恐れがある。
【0027】
これに対して本発明のごみ減容器2にあっては、蛇腹タンク3の内圧が上昇する程に大気開放時に流出する空気量も多くなることから、図12(a)に一点鎖線で示すように内圧が急上昇を始めてからある程度時間を経過すると蛇腹タンク3に流入する空気量と流出する空気量が略等しくなり、内圧上昇は殆どなくなってしまう。従って、正常運転時の圧縮動作終了時点での蛇腹タンク3の内圧p2´は許容範囲内に抑えられて、蛇腹タンク3の破損やその支持部の破損が防止されるものである。
【0028】
圧縮が終わると蛇腹タンク3内は大気開放され、蛇腹タンク3の復元力と圧縮プレート4等の重量とが釣り合う位置にまで圧縮プレート4が上昇する。そして次に収納動作を開始すると、まず図10(c)のように切り換え弁27a、27bを切り換えて所定の減圧時間Tb1だけエアポンプ5を運転して矢印b1方向に空気を流出させて蛇腹タンク3内を減圧し、次に、図10(d)のように切り換え弁27a、27bを切り換えて所定の開放時間Tb2だけ蛇腹タンク3内を大気開放して矢印b2方向に空気を流入させるといった動作を、図11に示すように収納動作の開始時点から所定時間Tbを経過する時点までの間だけ繰り返すようになっており、大気開放時に流入する空気量は蛇腹タンク3の内圧が低くなるほど多くなるものの、全体には時間の経過に伴って蛇腹タンク3が徐々に伸縮して圧縮プレート4を上方に収納していくように、減圧時間Tb1及び開放時間Tb2を設定している。
【0029】
正常に運転が行われた場合、図12(b)に実線で示すように圧縮プレート4が所定個所に収納されるまでは蛇腹タンク3の内圧は略大気圧p0を維持し、収納された後は蛇腹タンク3の容積の減少が停止されることから内圧が減少を始めるものの、リードスイッチ31のオン動作により収納が検知されてから所定時間Tbだけ経過した時点で収納動作を停止させるので、収納動作終了時点での内圧p3(<大気圧p0)は許容範囲内となる。
【0030】
他方、正常に運転が行われない場合、つまりリードスイッチ31が故障して圧縮プレート4が所定個所に収納されたことが検知されない場合には、蛇腹タンク3の容積が殆ど減少しない状態となっても収納動作が継続されてしまう。この場合、例えば本発明のように減圧と大気開放を繰り返すのでなく図13に示すように継続的に減圧のみを行う従来のものであれば、図14(b)に一点鎖線で示すように蛇腹タンク3の内圧は圧縮プレート4の収納後に時間が経過しても減少を続け、蛇腹タンク3の破損やその支持部の破損を招く恐れがある。
【0031】
これに対して本発明のごみ減容器2にあっては、蛇腹タンク3の内圧が減少する程に大気開放時に流入する空気量も多くなることから、図12(b)に一点鎖線で示すように内圧が急激に減少を始めてからある程度時間を経過すると蛇腹タンク3から流出する空気量と流入する空気量が略等しくなり、内圧減少は殆どなくなってしまう。従って、リードスイッチ31が故障して圧縮プレート4の収納後も収納動作が継続された場合であっても蛇腹タンク3の内圧は許容範囲内で抑えられて、蛇腹タンク3の破損やその支持部の破損が防止されるものである。
【0032】
収納動作終了後は、蛇腹タンク3の収縮状態を磁性体により保持すると共に蛇腹タンク3内を大気開放して圧縮プレート4の収納状態を保持しておき、操作・表示部29の操作により再度圧縮動作を行なわせるときに内圧が大気圧p0の状態から加圧を行えるようにしておく。
【0033】
上記した本発明のごみ減容器2を用いることで、蛇腹タンク3が収縮する過程で若干のごみの復元が生じるものの、およそ60%以上の減容が可能であり、例えば、40リットル程度のごみ収容器1で70リットル程度のごみ収容が可能となり、そのため例えば1週間に2度のごみ出しをおこなっていたのが1回ですむ他、屋外のごみ箱へのごみの移し替えが不要となりごみ出しに伴う労働が軽減されることになる。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
上記のように請求項1記載の発明にあっては、多量のごみや固いごみが投入されて圧縮動作中に圧縮プレートが本来停止するべき時点よりも早くに移動を停止した場合であっても、エアタンクの内圧が上昇するほどに大気開放時に流出する空気量も大きくなることから圧力の上昇幅が徐々に小さくなって、所定時間経過時点までの間に内圧が許容範囲を超えてしまうことがなくなると共に、圧縮プレートの収納を検知する手段が故障して圧縮プレートが収納された後も圧縮動作が終了されない場合であっても、エアタンクの内圧が減少するほどに大気開放時に流入する空気量も大きくなることから内圧の減少幅が徐々に小さくなって、内圧が許容範囲よりも低下してしまうことがなくなり、これにより圧縮動作時や収納動作時にトラブルが発生してもエアタンクの破損やその支持部の破損が防止されるという効果がある。
【0035】
また、請求項2記載の発明にあっては、請求項1記載の発明の効果に加えて、圧縮動作の次に収納動作を行なう際にエアタンク内が大気圧の状態から開始されるので圧縮プレートの収納が迅速に行われるという効果がある。
【0036】
また、請求項3記載の発明にあっては、請求項1又は2記載の発明の効果に加えて、収納動作終了から次の圧縮動作を開始するまでの間にエアタンクやその支持部にかかる負荷を低減させることができ、更に、収納動作の次に圧縮動作を行う際にエアタンク内が大気圧の状態から開始されるのでごみの圧縮が迅速に行われるという効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の蛇腹タンクを収納した状態のごみ減容器を示す側面断面図である。
【図2】同上の蛇腹タンクを伸張した状態のごみ減容器を示す側面断面図である。
【図3】同上のごみ減容器の全体正面図である。
【図4】同上のごみ減容器の全体斜視図である。
【図5】同上のごみ減用器の蛇腹タンク収納部近傍を示す拡大断面図である。
【図6】同上のごみ減容器の拡大断面図であり、(a)はロックピンによるロックを解除した状態、(b)はロックピンによりロックを行っている状態を示している。
【図7】同上の圧縮プレートに防汚プレートを取付けた状態の断面図である。
【図8】同上のごみ収納器にごみ袋をセットしてごみ袋押さえを装着した状態を示す断面図である。
【図9】同上のごみ減容器に備えられる圧縮機構の説明図である。
【図10】同上の圧縮機構の動作を示す説明図であり、(a)は圧縮動作中に蛇腹タンクを加圧する場合、(b)は圧縮動作中に蛇腹タンク内を大気開放する場合、(c)は収納動作中に蛇腹タンクを減圧させる場合、(d)は収納動作中に蛇腹タンクを大気開放する場合を示している。
【図11】同上の蛇腹タンクを加圧及び減圧するタイミングを示す説明図である。
【図12】同上の蛇腹タンクにおける内圧の時間変化を示しており、(a)は圧縮動作中の説明図、(b)は収納動作中の説明図である。
【図13】動作中に大気開放を行わない場合の蛇腹タンクを加圧及び減圧するタイミングを示す説明図である
【図14】動作中に大気開放を行わない場合の蛇腹タンクにおける内圧の時間変化を示しており、(a)は圧縮動作中の説明図、(b)は収納動作中の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ごみ収納器
2 ごみ減容器
3 蛇腹タンク
4 圧縮プレート
5 エアポンプ
31 リードスイッチ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a technique for compressing combustible waste made of papers, plastics, etc. generated at home or office.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Except for recyclable garbage such as cans, bottles, and plastic bottles, most of the garbage discharged from households is combustible garbage made of raw garbage, paper, plastics, and the like. These waste treatments are systems that are transported from a designated garbage collection place by a collection vehicle at a predetermined time and are intensively incinerated or landfilled. Generally, waste collection is performed about twice a week. For this reason, in many homes, it was not possible to fit in the garbage container in the kitchen in about 4 days, and it was necessary to move it to an outdoor pail container.
[0003]
As for garbage, bio-type, dry-type and disposer-type garbage disposal machines are becoming popular and can be reduced in volume, but these are garbage-only treatment machines that naturally reduce the volume of paper and plastic. Cannot be used. In view of this, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-119401 proposes a dust reduction container with a compression function for reducing the volume of paper dust and the like. This has a compression plate attached to the tip of the bellows-shaped bellows tank, and pressurizes the bellows tank by an air pump to compress the dust to a predetermined position in the waste container, After compression, the compression plate is accommodated in a predetermined place by decompressing the bellows tank with an air pump.
[0004]
However, when the compression plate stops before reaching the predetermined position during the compression operation of the conventional example as described above, for example, when a large amount of garbage or hard waste is introduced, the air pressure in the bellows tank suddenly increases. As a result, the bellows tank may be damaged and its support part may be damaged. In addition, during the storage operation, for example, when a failure occurs in the means for detecting that the compression plate is stored in a predetermined location, even if the bellows tank has already contracted, the decompression by the air pump is not stopped, In some cases, the air pressure in the bellows tank suddenly decreases, leading to damage to the bellows tank and its support.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a dust reduction container that can prevent a failure by suppressing a rapid change in air pressure in the bellows tank even when trouble occurs. It is what.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is provided with a waste container, and as a compression mechanism for compressing the dust in the waste container, a telescopic air tank, and the air tank is expanded by pressurization and contracted by decompression. A compression plate that moves in conjunction with the expansion and contraction of the air tank, and compresses the dust in the waste container by moving the compression plate in conjunction with the expansion of the air tank. In the dust reduction container that performs the storing operation of storing the compression plate in a predetermined place by the movement of the compressed plate, the air tank is pressurized and the atmosphere in the air tank is released from the start of the compression operation until the predetermined time elapses. Alternately, when a predetermined time elapses after detection that the compression plate has been stored in a predetermined location from the start of the storage operation Between, it is assumed that is characterized in that alternately performing atmospheric release of vacuum and the air tank of the air tank.
[0007]
By doing so, even when a large amount of garbage or hard garbage is thrown in and the movement of the compression plate stops earlier than the time when the compression plate should stop during the compression operation, the internal pressure of the air tank increases. In addition, since the amount of air flowing out when the atmosphere is released is increased, the increase range of the internal pressure gradually decreases, and the internal pressure is prevented from exceeding the allowable range until a predetermined time has elapsed. In addition, even if the means for detecting the storage of the compression plate fails and the compression operation is not completed despite the storage of the compression plate, the air flowing in when the atmosphere is released to the extent that the internal pressure of the air tank decreases. Since the amount increases, the decrease in the internal pressure gradually decreases, and the internal pressure is prevented from falling below the allowable range.
[0008]
It is also preferable to leave the air tank open to the atmosphere after the compression operation and before starting the storage operation, so that the next time the storage operation is performed, the air tank starts from the atmospheric pressure state. can do.
[0009]
In addition, it is also preferable that the air tank is opened to the atmosphere after the storage operation is finished and before the compression operation is started, and in this way, the air tank and the The load applied to the support portion can be reduced, and furthermore, when the compression operation is performed after the storage operation, the inside of the air tank can be started from the atmospheric pressure state.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
[0011]
The waste reduction container 2 is composed of a waste container 1 having an open top and a compression mechanism for compressing the waste (combustible waste such as paper and plastic) in the waste container 1, and the compression mechanism is telescopic. A bellows-shaped bellows tank 3 provided as a simple air tank, a compression plate 4 that moves in conjunction with the expansion and contraction of the bellows tank 3, and compresses the dust in the dust container 1, and an air pump for operating the bellows tank 3 5.
[0012]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a drawer body 23 is slidably accommodated in a garbage container housing portion 21 provided in a main body 20 constituted by a cabinet and opened at the front, and the garbage body is accommodated in the drawer body 23. The container 1 is stored and placed so as to be freely removable. A front plate 22 serving as a lid is erected at the front end portion of the drawer body 23, and the front opening of the garbage container storage portion 21 is closed while the drawer body 23 is pushed in. Further, the drawer body 23 is slidable along rails 24 provided on both inner side surfaces in the garbage container storage portion 21.
[0013]
A garbage bag 10 is set in the garbage container 1 as shown in FIG. That is, in a state where the drawer body 23 is pulled out, the garbage bag 10 whose upper end is opened is put in the garbage container 1, and the upper part of the garbage bag 10 is folded back from the upper opening of the garbage container 1. The garbage bag 10 is attached to the garbage container 1 by the garbage bag holder 11 by fitting the garbage bag holder 11 to the edge of the upper opening of the garbage container 1 and attaching it. The garbage bag presser 11 has an annular groove 11a that is open at the bottom, and is fitted into the edge of the upper opening of the garbage container 1 through the garbage bag 10. A hanging piece 12 that hangs down along the upper inner surface of the garbage container 1 is provided, and the garbage bag 10 is lifted upward by the compression plate 4 when the compression plate 4 is moved upward. The hanging piece 12 prevents this.
[0014]
Further, the dust bag retainer 11 is provided with a magnetic body 14, and the dust container 1 is stored in a normal storage position by closing the drawer body 23 in a state where the dust container 1 is mounted at a predetermined position of the drawer body 23. When this is done (that is, when the upper opening of the waste container 1 is in a position facing the compression plate 4 described later in the vertical direction), the magnetic body 14 is in a position facing the reed switch 15 provided at a predetermined position in the main body 20. The magnetic body 14 operates the reed switch 15 to detect that the dust container 1 is set correctly. The following air pump 5 is operated only in a state where the reed switch 15 is operated by the magnetic body 14, and the bellows tank 3 is expanded and contracted. For this reason, the bellows tank 3 is accidentally extended when the waste container 1 is not properly stored in the main body 20 and hits the dust container 1 so that the telescopic mechanism and the dust container 1 are not damaged.
[0015]
A bellows tank storage unit 25 is provided in the upper part of the garbage container storage unit 21 of the main body 20 so that the bellows-like telescopic bellows tank 3 can be stored in the bellows tank storage unit 25 in a contracted state. It has become. The bellows tank 3 has an upper end attached to the ceiling portion 25a of the bellows tank storage unit 25, and has a bellows-like cylindrical shape in which peaks 7 and valleys 19 are alternately continuous. The shape is such that the diameter increases toward the extension direction (that is, toward the bottom side of the garbage container 1). A compression plate 4 is attached to the lower end portion of the bellows tank 3, and an antifouling plate 17 is detachably attached to the lower surface portion of the compression plate 4.
[0016]
A lock pin 39 is attached to the main body 20 so as to be movable up and down. The lock pin 39 is normally pulled downward by a spring 40, and a lock portion 39a of the lock pin 39 is provided on the main body as shown in FIG. The drawer body 23 is fitted into a lock hole 41 provided in the front plate 22 of the drawer body 23 accommodated in the drawer body 23 so that the drawer body 23 cannot be pulled out. The lock pin 39 is provided with an operation portion 42. When the bellows tank 3 is contracted, the operation portion 42 is pushed upward by the compression plate 4 as shown in FIG. 39a is pulled upward from the lock hole 41 of the front plate 22 of the drawer body 23 so that the drawer body 23 can be pulled out.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 9, an air pump 5 is provided in the main body 20, and the air pump 5 and the bellows tank 3 are connected by a pipe 26. The air pump 5 side of the pipe 26 is branched into two paths 26 a and 26 b, and one path 26 a is connected to the air discharge port 5 a of the air pump 5 and the other one path 26 b is connected to the air suction port 5 b of the air pump 5. It is. The two paths 26a, switching valves 27a each of which is made of a three-way valve to 26b, 27b is is provided with the switching valve 27a, the arrow a 1 direction when operated air pump 5 is switched to 27b as shown in FIG. 10 (a) The air can flow and the inside of the bellows tank 3 can be pressurized to extend the bellows tank 3 (in this case, outside air is sucked into the air pump 5 side from the switching valve 27b). if stop the air pump 5 is switched switching valve 27a, and 27b so that, it is possible to flow out the air in the arrow a 2 direction from the atmosphere opened bellows tank 3. Further, FIG switching valve 27a as 10 (c), 27b air flows in the arrow b 1 direction when operated air pump 5 is switched to and vacuum bellows tank 3 can be contracted bellows tank 3 (In this case, the air is exhausted to the outside from the switching valve 27a). If the switching valves 27a and 27b are switched and the air pump 5 is stopped as shown in FIG. it can flow into the air in the arrow b 2 direction. In addition, in the switching valves 27a and 27b in the figure, the black portions indicate the opened portions of the three-way valves.
[0018]
Reference numeral 28 in FIG. 9 is a control unit for switching the switching valves 27a and 27b and controlling the operation of the air pump 5. Reference numeral 29 is an operation / display unit provided with operation buttons, operation display lamps, and the like. .
[0019]
A step portion 6 for restricting the expansion of the bellows tank 3 in the extending direction is formed in the lower portion inside the garbage container 1. When the bellows tank 3 is extended while alternately pressurizing and releasing the air from the bellows tank 3, the compression plate 4 (in the embodiment, the antifouling plate 17 attached to the compression plate 4) is interlocked to move downward and become garbage. Compress. Further, after the compression plate 4 hits the stepped portion 6, further expansion of the bellows tank 3 is prevented, so that the bellows tank 3 is not damaged by excessive expansion. The repeated operation of pressurizing the bellows tank 3 and releasing the atmosphere is stopped when the timer started at the start of the compression operation passes a predetermined time Ta.
[0020]
In addition, a magnetic body 30 is provided on the upper surface of the compression plate 4, and a reed switch 31 that is operated by the magnetic body 30 with the bellows tank 3 contracted is provided on the main body 20. When the bellows tank 3 is contracted while alternately repeating the opening, the magnetic material is stored in a state where the compression plate 4 moved upward in conjunction with the contraction of the bellows tank 3 is stored at a predetermined position in the bellows tank storage unit 25. 30, the reed switch 31 is turned on. Then, the timer is started from the time point when the reed switch 31 is turned on to detect that the storage plate 4 is stored in a predetermined location, and when the predetermined time Tb has elapsed, the repeated operations of the decompression and release to the atmosphere of the bellows tank 3 are stopped. In addition, the contraction state of the bellows tank 3 is held by a magnetic material (not shown), and the compression plate 4 is stored in the bellows tank storage unit 25 in a state where the inside of the bellows tank 3 is opened to the atmosphere.
[0021]
The main body 20 composed of a cabinet is further provided with a small article storage drawer 45, a resource waste storage drawer 46, a food tray / milk pack storage drawer 47, and an empty can compressor 48.
[0022]
Next, the use of the dust reduction container 2 configured as described above will be described.
[0023]
The drawer body 23 is pulled out, and combustible waste such as paper or plastic is put into the garbage container 1 mounted on the drawer body 23. Next, the drawer body 23 is pushed in. When the drawer body 23 is pushed in and the waste container 1 reaches a predetermined position in the main body 20, the magnetic body 14 provided in the dust bag holder 11 turns on the reed switch 15 provided in the main body 20 and the dust container 1 is correctly It is detected that it has been set.
[0024]
In this state, an operation button provided on the operation / display unit 29 is operated to drive the compression mechanism to perform a compression operation. That is, the switching valve 27a, switches the 27b predetermined squeezing time T a1 only air pump 5 and driving allowed to flow into the air in the arrow a 1 direction bellows tank 3 is pressurized in FIG. 10 (a), then the operations such to efflux switching valve 27a, the air in the arrow a 2 direction by switching the 27b only bellows tank 3 a predetermined open time T a2 opened to the atmosphere of FIG. 10 (b), as shown in FIG. 11 It repeats only from the start time of the compression operation until the time point when a predetermined time Ta elapses, and the amount of air that flows out when the atmosphere is released increases as the internal pressure of the bellows tank 3 increases, The pressurization time T a1 and the release time T a2 are set so that the bellows tank 3 gradually expands with time and combustible waste such as paper or plastic is compressed by the compression plate 4.
[0025]
When the operation is normally performed, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 12A, immediately after the start of compression, the reaction force of the dust is small and the internal pressure of the bellows tank 3 is low, but the internal pressure gradually increases as the compression plate 4 descends. and impinges on the compression plate 4 is stepped portions 6, for example at time t 1 has elapsed in Fig before a predetermined time elapses T a, then soared internal pressure to the volume of the bellows tank 3 is not increased, the predetermined time period T internal pressure of the bellows tank 3 at the stop time of compressing operation by the lapse of a becomes internal pressure p 2 is within the allowable range (> atmospheric pressure p 0).
[0026]
On the other hand, when the operation is not normally performed, that is, the time t 1 ′ (<t 1 ) elapses before the dust hits the step 6 due to excessive or too much dust, and the internal pressure p 1 ′ (<p If the compression plate 4 stops descending at the time 1 ), the internal pressure starts to rise rapidly earlier than during normal operation. In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 14 (a), if it is a conventional one that does not repeat pressurization and release to the atmosphere as in the present invention but continuously pressurizes as shown in FIG. Since the increase in the internal pressure after the stop is steeper than the increase during normal operation and the time until the predetermined time Ta has elapsed, the internal pressure of the bellows tank 3 exceeds the allowable range at the end of the compression operation. The internal pressure becomes p 2 ′, which may cause damage to the bellows tank 3 and its support part.
[0027]
On the other hand, in the dust reduction container 2 of the present invention, as the internal pressure of the bellows tank 3 increases, the amount of air that flows out when the atmosphere is released increases, and therefore, as shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. When a certain amount of time elapses after the internal pressure starts to rise rapidly, the amount of air flowing into the bellows tank 3 becomes substantially equal to the amount of air flowing out, and the increase in internal pressure is almost eliminated. Accordingly, the internal pressure p 2 ′ of the bellows tank 3 at the end of the compression operation during normal operation is suppressed within an allowable range, and damage to the bellows tank 3 and its support portion are prevented.
[0028]
When the compression is finished, the inside of the bellows tank 3 is opened to the atmosphere, and the compression plate 4 rises to a position where the restoring force of the bellows tank 3 and the weight of the compression plate 4 and the like are balanced. And then you start the storing operation, first switching valve 27a, and switches the 27b to flow out air in the arrow b 1 direction by driving only the air pump 5 predetermined decompression time T b1 bellows as shown in FIG. 10 (c) depressurizing the tank 3, then switching valve 27a, inflow of air is switched to 27b only bellows tank 3 a predetermined open time T b2 of the arrow b 2 direction opened to the atmosphere as shown in FIG. 10 (d) As shown in FIG. 11, this operation is repeated only from the start of the storage operation to the time when the predetermined time Tb has elapsed, and the amount of air flowing in when the atmosphere is released is determined by the internal pressure of the bellows tank 3. Although the value increases as the time decreases, the decompression time T b1 and the opening time T b2 are set so that the bellows tank 3 gradually expands and contracts with time and the compression plate 4 is accommodated upward. Yes.
[0029]
When the operation is normally performed, the internal pressure of the bellows tank 3 is maintained at substantially the atmospheric pressure p 0 until the compression plate 4 is stored at a predetermined position as shown by a solid line in FIG. after although pressure from the decrease in volume of the bellows tank 3 is stopped starts to decrease, because stopping the storing operation when storing the oN operation of the reed switch 31 has elapsed since the detected predetermined time T b The internal pressure p 3 (<atmospheric pressure p 0 ) at the end of the storage operation is within the allowable range.
[0030]
On the other hand, when the operation is not normally performed, that is, when it is not detected that the reed switch 31 is broken and the compression plate 4 is stored in a predetermined position, the volume of the bellows tank 3 is hardly reduced. However, the storing operation is continued. In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 14 (b), the bellows as shown by the alternate long and short dash line is used in the conventional case where only the pressure reduction is continuously performed as shown in FIG. The internal pressure of the tank 3 continues to decrease even after a lapse of time after the compression plate 4 is stored, and there is a possibility that the bellows tank 3 may be damaged or the support portion thereof may be damaged.
[0031]
On the other hand, in the dust reduction container 2 of the present invention, as the internal pressure of the bellows tank 3 decreases, the amount of air flowing in when the atmosphere is released increases, and therefore, as shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. When a certain amount of time elapses after the internal pressure starts to decrease sharply, the amount of air flowing out of the bellows tank 3 becomes substantially equal to the amount of air flowing in, and the decrease in internal pressure is almost eliminated. Therefore, even if the reed switch 31 breaks down and the storing operation is continued even after the compression plate 4 is stored, the internal pressure of the bellows tank 3 is suppressed within an allowable range, and the bellows tank 3 is damaged or its supporting portion. Is prevented from being damaged.
[0032]
After the storage operation is completed, the contracted state of the bellows tank 3 is held by a magnetic material, the inside of the bellows tank 3 is opened to the atmosphere, the stored state of the compression plate 4 is held, and the compression is again performed by operating the operation / display unit 29. When the operation is performed, pressurization is performed from the state where the internal pressure is the atmospheric pressure p 0 .
[0033]
By using the above-described dust reduction container 2 of the present invention, although some of the waste is restored in the process of contracting the bellows tank 3, the volume can be reduced by about 60% or more, for example, about 40 liters of garbage. The container 1 can store about 70 liters of waste, so that, for example, it is only necessary to dispose of waste once a week, and it is not necessary to transfer the waste to an outdoor waste bin. Labor accompanying this will be reduced.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the first aspect of the present invention, even when a large amount of garbage or hard garbage is thrown in and the movement of the compression plate is stopped earlier than the point at which the compression plate should be stopped during the compression operation, As the internal pressure of the air tank rises, the amount of air that flows out when the atmosphere is released increases, so the increase in pressure gradually decreases, and the internal pressure may exceed the allowable range until a predetermined time has elapsed. In addition, even if the compression operation is not terminated even after the means for detecting the storage of the compression plate fails and the compression plate is stored, the amount of air that flows in when the atmosphere is released to the extent that the internal pressure of the air tank is reduced. As the pressure increases, the decrease in internal pressure gradually decreases, and the internal pressure does not drop below the allowable range. This causes troubles during compression and storage operations. There is an effect that damage or breakage of the support portion of the air tank is prevented even if the.
[0035]
In the invention according to claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1, since the inside of the air tank is started from the atmospheric pressure state when the storing operation is performed after the compression operation, the compression plate There is an effect that storage of the is performed quickly.
[0036]
In addition, in the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the load applied to the air tank and its support portion from the end of the storage operation to the start of the next compression operation Further, when the compression operation is performed after the storing operation, the air tank is started from the atmospheric pressure state, so that the dust can be compressed quickly.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a dust reduction container in a state in which a bellows tank of the present invention is housed.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing the dust reduction container in a state where the bellows tank is extended.
FIG. 3 is an overall front view of the dust reduction container according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an overall perspective view of the dust reduction container of the above.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the bellows tank storage part of the dust reducer of the above.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the dust reduction container of the above, wherein (a) shows a state in which the lock by the lock pin is released, and (b) shows a state in which the lock is performed by the lock pin.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an antifouling plate is attached to the above-described compression plate.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a garbage bag is set in the garbage container and the dust bag presser is mounted.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a compression mechanism provided in the dust reduction container of the above.
10A and 10B are explanatory views showing the operation of the compression mechanism, wherein FIG. 10A shows a case where the bellows tank is pressurized during the compression operation, and FIG. 10B shows a case where the inside of the bellows tank is opened to the atmosphere during the compression operation. c) shows the case where the bellows tank is depressurized during the storing operation, and (d) shows the case where the bellows tank is opened to the atmosphere during the storing operation.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing timing for pressurizing and depressurizing the bellows tank.
FIGS. 12A and 12B show changes over time in internal pressure in the bellows tank, wherein FIG. 12A is an explanatory diagram during a compression operation, and FIG. 12B is an explanatory diagram during a storage operation;
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing the timing for pressurizing and depressurizing the bellows tank when the atmosphere is not released during operation. FIG. 14 shows the change over time in the internal pressure of the bellows tank when the atmosphere is not opened during operation. (A) is explanatory drawing during compression operation, (b) is explanatory drawing during storage operation.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Garbage Container 2 Garbage Reduction Container 3 Bellows Tank 4 Compression Plate 5 Air Pump 31 Reed Switch

Claims (3)

ごみ収納器を備えると共に、ごみ収納器内のごみを圧縮するための圧縮機構として、伸縮自在なエアタンクと、エアタンクを加圧により伸張させて減圧により収縮させるエアポンプと、エアタンクの伸張及び収縮と連動して移動する圧縮プレートとを備え、エアタンクの伸張に連動した圧縮プレートの移動によりごみ収納器内のごみを圧縮する圧縮動作を行い、エアタンクの収縮に連動した圧縮プレートの移動により該圧縮プレートを所定個所に収納する収納動作を行うごみ減容器において、圧縮動作の開始時点から所定時間経過時点までの間はエアタンクの加圧とエアタンク内の大気開放を交互に行うと共に、収納動作の開始時点から圧縮プレートが所定箇所に収納されたと検知後の所定時間経過時点までの間はエアタンクの減圧とエアタンク内の大気開放を交互に行うことを特徴とするごみ減容器。As a compression mechanism for compressing the garbage in the waste container, it has a retractable air tank, an air pump that expands the air tank by pressurization and contracts it by decompression, and interlocks with the expansion and contraction of the air tank. A compression plate that moves in accordance with the expansion of the air tank, performs a compression operation that compresses the dust in the waste container, and moves the compression plate in conjunction with the contraction of the air tank. In the garbage reduction container that performs the storing operation for storing in a predetermined place, the air tank is alternately pressurized and the atmosphere in the air tank is alternately released from the time when the compressing operation is started until the predetermined time has elapsed, and from the start of the storing operation. The air tank is depressurized and the air tank is kept until the predetermined time elapses after detection that the compression plate is stored in the predetermined place. Dust down containers and performing the air release in click alternately. 圧縮動作終了後、収納動作を開始するまでにエアタンク内を大気開放させておくことを特徴とする請求項1記載のごみ減容器。2. The dust reduction container according to claim 1, wherein the air tank is opened to the atmosphere after the compression operation is finished and before the storage operation is started. 収納動作終了後、圧縮動作を開始するまでにエアタンク内を大気開放させておくことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載のごみ減容器。3. The dust reducing container according to claim 1, wherein the air tank is opened to the atmosphere after the storing operation is completed and before the compressing operation is started.
JP2002064283A 2002-03-08 2002-03-08 Garbage reduction container Expired - Fee Related JP3724439B2 (en)

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JP3724439B2 true JP3724439B2 (en) 2005-12-07

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GB2413058B (en) * 2004-04-13 2007-08-22 Spacemaker Bins Ltd Waste compaction unit
JP7280467B2 (en) * 2019-11-20 2023-05-24 株式会社エルコム Pneumatic waste volume reduction device

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