JP3721031B2

JP3721031B2 - Detachment structure for vehicle seats

Info

Publication number: JP3721031B2
Application number: JP35661099A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 亨竹市; 秀計近松; 昌彦鷲見
Original assignee: 天龍工業株式会社
Priority date: 1999-12-15
Filing date: 1999-12-15
Publication date: 2005-11-30
Anticipated expiration: 2019-12-15
Also published as: JP2001171395A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、乗客を輸送するバス、鉄道車両、航空機、船舶等の各種乗物における座席の脱着構造に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、乗客を輸送する乗物、例えばバスの客室においては、多数の座席を所定の配列で配置し、床に敷設したレールに対し、各座席の脚部をボルト、ナット等の締結部材によって固定している。このタイプのバスでは、一旦、客室を構築してしまうと、その後で、座席の配列を変えることは困難である。あえて変更しようとすると、新たに客室を構築する以上に大変な手間がかかる。従って、日常的に、座席の位置を変えたり、座席をレールから取外したり追加したりする作業は行われていない。一方、多様化する顧客の要望に対応しようとすると、その要望に合った座席配列の客室空間が何種類も必要となる。バスの運行効率の点からすれば、客室空間の異なる何種類ものバスを保有することは困難である。そのため、現状では、１台で顧客の要望の共通点を満たす仕様、すなわち最大公約数的な仕様のバスとするにとどまっている。
【０００３】
これに対し、座席の配列を使用目的に応じて変えることにより客室空間を変更できるようにした乗物が種々提案されている。例えば、特開平４−２８７７６０号公報には、客車の床に長さ方向又は左右方向（幅方向）にガイド溝を形成するとともに、座席の底部にガイドを設け、ガイドをガイド溝にスライド可能にかみ合わせることにより座席を床に移動可能に取付けるようにした鉄道車両が開示されている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、ガイド溝にガイドをスライド可能にかみ合わせただけでは固定力がないので、何らかの固定手段が必要となる。しかし、前記公報には固定手段が開示されていない。また、前記公報の技術では、座席の位置を変更することはできても、ガイド溝からガイドを外して、別のタイプの座席に交換することは困難である。
【０００５】
そこで、本発明の課題は、簡単な操作を行うだけで、座席を短時間で乗物のレールに取付けたり取外したりでき、ひいては座席の配列を使用目的に応じて変えて客室空間を種々変更することのできる乗物用座席の脱着構造を提供することである。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の主要な構成として、端部に一対の折曲部を有するレールに乗物用座席の脚部を脱着可能に取付ける構造において、操作部材と、前記脚部に設けられた固定部及び可動部と、前記操作部材の動きを前記可動部に伝達して、その可動部を折曲部の厚み方向に往復動させ、可動部及び固定部をレールに圧接及び離間させることにより、前記脚部のレールに対するロック及びその解除を行う脱着機構とを備えている。
【０００７】
これにより、乗物用座席のレールへの取付けに際し、その脚部がレールの上に置かれ、操作部材が所定方向へ操作される。この操作に応じて脱着機構が作動し、脚部に設けられた可動部が折曲部の厚み方向に往復動し、可動部及び固定部がレールに圧接される。これらの圧接により、脚部がレールにロックされる。操作部材が反対方向へ操作されると、可動部が前記とは逆方向へ動く。可動部及び固定部によるレールに対する圧接力が弱まり、前記ロックが解除され、レールから座席を取外すことが可能となる。
【０００８】
また、本発明は主要な構成として、上記の構成に加え、前記可動部は、前記固定部に往復動可能かつ回動可能に設けられ、かつ端部に係止部を有する軸部材からなり、前記脱着機構は、ロック時には、係止部をレールに対し交差させ、その係止部と固定部との間で前記折曲部を挟み込み、ロック解除時には、係止部をレールに略平行にし、両折曲部間から抜出し可能にするものである。
【０００９】
これにより、座席の脱着に際し、係止部を含む軸部材が固定部に対し往復動及び回動する。そして、脱着機構による脚部のロック時には、係止部がレールに対し交差する。この交差状態の係止部と固定部とによって折曲部が挟み込まれる。脱着機構によるロック解除時には、係止部がレールに略平行となり、両折曲部間から抜出すことが可能となる。
【００１０】
本発明は、上記の構成に加え、前記脱着機構は、前記固定部内に回動自在に収容され、かつ前記軸部材の外側に螺合された内筒を含み、前記軸部材の回動時には、前記操作部材の操作に応じた内筒の回動を軸部材に伝達してそれらを一体回動させ、前記軸部材の往復動時には、軸部材の回動を止め、内筒の回動にともなうねじの作用を利用して軸部材を軸方向に移動させるものとすることができる。
【００１１】
これにより、操作部材が操作されると、その操作に応じて内筒が固定部内で回動する。この回動が脱着機構により軸部材に伝達されて、軸部材が内筒と一体となって回動すると、係止部はレールに対して交差したり平行になったりする。このとき、軸部材は軸方向には移動しない。また、前記内筒の回動時に軸部材の回動が止められると、内筒の回動にともなうねじの作用により、軸部材が軸方向に移動する。この移動にともない係止部が折曲部に圧接したり離間したりする。
【００１２】
また、本発明は、上記の構成に加え、前記内筒に周方向に沿って設けられた切欠きと、前記軸部材の外周に設けられ、かつ前記切欠き内に配置された第１突部とを有し、前記内筒の回動にともない前記切欠きの壁面が前記第１突部に接触することにより、前記軸部材を強制的に回動させる回動伝達部をさらに備えるものとすることもできる。
【００１３】
これにより、操作部材の操作に応じ内筒が回動すると、それにともない切欠きの壁面が移動する。この壁面が軸部材外周の第１突部に接触すると、内筒の回動が、壁面、第１突部を通じて軸部材に伝わり、同軸部材が強制的に回動される。従って、例えば、レール内に係止部の回動を妨げる塵芥等の異物があっても係止部は回動する。
【００１４】
さらに、本発明は、上記の構成に加え、前記軸部材の端部に設けられた第２突部と、前記固定部において、前記第２突部の移動経路に設けられ、前記脱着機構によるロック解除にともない第２突部に接触し、前記レールに略平行となった係止部がさらに回動して交差状態となるのを阻止する回動阻止部とをさらに備えるものとすることもできる。
【００１５】
これにより、ロック解除状態からロック状態に切替えるための操作部材の操作が行われると、内筒及び軸部材が回動し、レールに対し交差していた係止部の傾きも変化する。軸部材の回動にともない、その軸線を中心として第２突部が回転運動する。係止部がレールに対し略平行となったとき、第２突部が、固定部に設けられた回動阻止部に接触する。この接触により、軸部材のそれ以上の回動が阻止され、係止部が略平行状態に保たれる。なお、この状態から操作部材が引続き操作されて、内筒が同方向へ回動されても、ねじの作用により係止部が移動する方向は、折曲部から離れる方向である。この係止部の移動による不具合はない。
【００１６】
また、本発明は、前記レールは、前記両折曲部の対向する箇所に形成された凹部を構成要素とする係止孔を長さ方向に多数有しており、前記固定部は、前記係止孔を通じてレール内に挿入され、かつ両折曲部に係止し得る抜止め用スタッドを備えており、前記可動部は、前記脚部に固定された外筒内に往復動可能に挿入され、その往復動により前記係止孔を通じてレール内に進入及び後退する固定用スタッドからなり、前記脱着機構は、ロック時には、前記固定用スタッドをレール内に進入させて底部に圧接させるとともに、前記抜止め用スタッドを両折曲部に圧接させ、ロック解除時には、固定用スタッドを後退させて係止孔から抜出すものとすることもできる。
【００１７】
これにより、脚部のロックに際しては、固定用スタッドが後退され、抜止め用スタッドが所定の係止孔に挿入される。このときには、固定用スタッドは係止孔から外れている。脚部がレールに沿ってスライドされ、固定用スタッドが係止孔に合致される。操作部材の操作により、固定用スタッドが係止孔を通じてレール内に進入する。固定用スタッドの動き、特にレールの長さ方向への動きは、係止孔の壁面によって規制される。
【００１８】
固定用スタッドがレールの底部に接触した後にも操作部材が操作されると、固定用スタッドがさらに進入しようとする。ところが、固定用スタッドが底部に接触していてそれ以上進入できないため、逆に脚部が押上げられ、抜止め用スタッドが折曲部において隣接する係止孔の中間部分に接触する。さらに、操作部材が操作されると、固定用スタッドが底部に圧接し、抜止め用スタッドが折曲部に圧接する。これらの圧接と、係止孔の壁面が固定用スタッドの動きを規制することによって、脚部がレールに強固にロックされる。
【００１９】
脚部のロック解除に際しては、操作部材が逆方向に操作される。すると、固定用スタッドが後退し、同固定用スタッド及び抜止め用スタッドの圧接力が弱まる。固定用スタッドが係止孔から完全に抜け出ると、抜止め用スタッドのスライドが可能となる。抜止め用スタッドが係止孔に対応する箇所までスライドされると、同スタッドを係止孔から抜出すことが可能となる。
【００２０】
さらに、本発明は、前記脱着機構は、前記外筒に設けられた溝状又は長孔状のガイド部と、前記操作部材の操作を回転運動に変換して前記固定用スタッドに伝達する第１伝達部と、前記ガイド部内に挿入され、前記第１伝達部による前記固定用スタッドの回動にともないガイド部に沿って移動する従動突部とを備えるものとすることもできる。
【００２１】
これにより、座席の脱着のために操作部材が操作されると、その操作は第１伝達部により回転運動に変換された後、固定用スタッドに伝達される。この伝達に応じ、固定用スタッドに回転力が加わると、同スタッドが回転しようとする。この回転にともない、従動突部がガイド部に沿って外筒の周方向及び軸線方向に移動する。その結果、固定用スタッドが回転しながら往復動する。
【００２２】
また、本発明は、前記脱着機構は、前記固定用スタッドを後退させる方向へ付勢する弾性部材と、前記固定用スタッドに接触した状態で、軸により前記外筒に回動可能に支持された板カムと、前記操作部材の操作を回転運動に変換して前記板カムに伝達し、その回動により前記弾性部材に抗して固定用スタッドを前記レール内に進入させる第２伝達部とを備えるものとすることもできる。
【００２３】
これにより、座席の脱着のために操作部材が操作されると、その操作は第２伝達部により回転運動に変換された後、板カムに伝達される。この伝達により板カムが軸を支点として回動される。この板カムにより弾性部材に抗して固定用スタッドが押下げられる。板カムの角度に応じて、同板カムによる固定用スタッドの押下げ量が異なる。その結果、板カムの回動に応じて固定用スタッドがレール内に進入したり後退したりする。
【００２４】
さらに、本発明は、前記レールは、前記両折曲部の対向する箇所に形成された凹部を構成要素とする挿脱孔を有しており、前記固定部は、前記挿脱孔を通じてレール内に挿入され、かつ両折曲部に沿って移動し得る抜止め用スタッドを備えており、前記可動部は、前記脚部に往復動可能に配設され、かつ前記両折曲部間を通じてレール内に挿入される固定用スタッドを備え、前記脱着機構は、ロック時には、前記固定用スタッドをレールの底部に圧接させるとともに前記抜止め用スタッドを両折曲部に圧接させ、ロック解除時には、前記固定用スタッド及び抜止め用スタッドの各圧接を弱めるものとすることもできる。
【００２５】
これにより、脚部のロックに際しては、抜止め用スタッドが挿脱孔を通じてレール内に挿入されるとともに、固定用スタッドが両折曲部間を通じてレール内に挿入される。脚部がレールに沿って所望の箇所までスライドされる。操作部材の操作により脱着機構が作動し、固定用スタッドがレール内に進入し、その底部に接触する。引続き、操作部材が操作されると、固定用スタッドがさらに進入しようとする。ところが、固定用スタッドが底部に接触していてそれ以上進入できないため、逆に脚部が押上げられ、抜止め用スタッドが両折曲部に接触する。さらに、操作部材が操作されると、固定用スタッドが底部に圧接し、抜止め用スタッドが折曲部に圧接し、これらの圧接により脚部がレールにロックされる。
【００２６】
一方、ロックの解除に際しては、操作部材が前記とは逆方向に操作される。すると、固定用スタッドが後退し、同固定用スタッド及び抜止め用スタッドの圧接力が弱まり、脚部が移動可能となる。そして、脚部がレールに沿ってスライドされ、抜止め用スタッドが挿脱孔に合致すると、その抜止め用スタッドを挿脱孔から抜出すことが可能となる。
【００２７】
また、本発明は、前記レールの底部には係止凹部が設けられ、前記固定用スタッドには、その往復動にともない前記係止凹部に出入りする係止突部が設けられるものとすることもできる。
【００２８】
これにより、固定用スタッドの係止突部が係止凹部に入り込んでいない状態では、係止突部の動きが係止凹部によって制限されないので、脚部のスライドが可能である。係止突部が係止凹部に入り込むと、その係止凹部の壁面により係止突部の動きが規制され、脚部のスライドが制限される。そして、係止突部が係止凹部の底部に圧接され、抜止め用スタッドが持上げられて両折曲部に圧接されると、固定用スタッドが折曲部の長さ方向にも厚み方向にも移動不能となる。
【００２９】
さらに、本発明は、前記脱着機構は、前記脚部に支持され、かつ前記操作部材の操作により回動される軸と、前記軸に一体回動可能に取付けられた板カムと、前記板カムの回動を前記固定用スタッドに伝達して、同固定用スタッドを往復動させる第３伝達部とを備えるものとすることもできる。
【００３０】
これにより、操作部材が操作されると、脱着機構では、脚部に支持された軸が板カムと一体で回動される。この板カムの回動は第３伝達部により固定用スタッドに伝達され、同スタッドが折曲部の厚み方向に往復動される。脚部のロックの際には、固定用スタッドはレールの底部に近づく方向に移動される。ロック解除の際には、固定用スタッドはレールの底部から離れる方向へ移動される。
【００３１】
また、本発明は、前記脱着機構は、前記板カムが、前記固定用スタッド及び抜止め用スタッドをレールに圧接させる第１角度になったとき、その板カムを同第１角度に保持する第１保持部を備えるものとすることもできる。
【００３２】
これにより、脱着機構では、上記のように、板カムの回動に応じて固定用スタッドが往復動する。この回動により板カムが第１角度になると、固定用スタッドがレールの底部に圧接され、抜止め用スタッドが折曲部に圧接される。このときには、板カムは第１保持部により前記第１角度に保持される。この保持状態は操作部材の操作により解除可能である。
【００３３】
さらに、本発明は、上記の発明の構成に加え、前記レールの底部には係止凹部が設けられ、前記固定用スタッドには、その往復動にともない前記係止凹部に出入りする係止突部が設けられ、前記脱着機構は、前記板カムが、前記固定用スタッドの係止突部を前記レールの係止凹部から出させる第２角度になったとき、その板カムを同第２角度に保持する第２保持部を備えるものとすることもできる。
【００３４】
これにより、脱着機構では、上記のように、板カムの回動に応じて固定用スタッドが往復動する。この回動により板カムが第２角度になると、固定用スタッドの係止突部がレールの係止凹部から抜け出る。このときには、板カムは第２保持部により前記第２角度に保持される。脚部をレールに沿ってスライドさせることが可能となる。そして、前記の保持状態は、操作部材の操作により解除可能である。
加えて、本発明は、上記構成に加え、「端部に一対の折曲部を有するレールに乗物用座席の脚部を脱着可能に取付ける構造において、操作部材と、前記脚部に設けられた固定部及び可動部と、前記操作部材の動きを前記可動部に伝達して、その可動部を折曲部の厚み方向に往復動させ、可動部及び固定部をレールに圧接及び離間させることにより、前記脚部のレールに対するロック及びその解除を行う脱着機構とを備え、かつ、前記可動部は、前記固定部に往復動可能かつ回動可能に設けられ、かつ端部に係止部を有する軸部材からなり、前記脱着機構は、ロック時には、係止部をレールに対し交差させ、その係止部と固定部との間で前記折曲部を挟み込み、ロック解除時には、係止部をレールに略平行にし、両折曲部間から抜出し可能にするものであり、かつ、前記脱着機構は、前記固定部としての外筒内に回動自在に収容され、かつ前記軸部材の外側に螺合された内筒を含み、前記軸部材の回動時には、前記操作部材の操作に応じた内筒の回動を軸材に伝達してそれらを一体回動させ、前記軸部材の往復動時には、軸部材の回動を止め、内筒の回動にともなうねじの作用を利用して軸部材を軸方向に移動させ、前記軸部材の前記係止部が折曲部の下面に圧接し前記外筒の下端部とともに折曲部を上下から挟み込む」ものとすることもできる。
また、「端部に一対の折曲部を有するレールに乗物用座席の脚部を脱着可能に取付ける構造において、操作部材と、前記脚部に設けられた固定部及び可動部と、前記操作部材の動きを前記可動部に伝達して、その可動部を折曲部の厚み方向に往復動させ、可動部及び固定部をレールに圧接及び離間させることにより、前記脚部のレールに対するロック及びその解除を行う脱着機構とを備え、かつ、前記レールは、前記両折曲部の対向する箇所に形成された凹部を構成要素とする係止孔を長さ方向に多数有しており、前記固定部は、前記係止孔を通じてレール内に挿入され、かつ両折曲部に係止し得る抜止め用スタッドを備えており、前記可動部は、前記脚部に固定された外筒内に往復動可能に挿入され、その往復動により前記係止孔を通じてレール内に進入及び後退する固定用スタッドからなり、前記抜止め用スタッドは、その下端部に前記係止孔を通じて前記レールに挿入可能な係止部を有して、前記レールの長手方向において前記固定用スタッドの前後に複数設けられ、前記脱着機構は、ロック時には、前記固定用スタッドをレール内に進入させて底部にその下面を圧接させるとともに、前記抜止め用スタッドを上昇させて前記係止部の上面によって両折曲部の下面を下から圧接させ、ロック解除時には、固定用スタッドを後退させて係止孔から抜出す」ものとすることもできる。
あるいは、「端部に一対の折曲部を有するレールに乗物用座席の脚部を脱着可能に取付ける構造において、操作部材と、前記脚部に設けられた固定部及び可動部と、前記操作部材の動きを前記可動部に伝達して、その可動部を折曲部の厚み方向に往復動させ、可動部及び固定部をレールに圧接及び離間させることにより、前記脚部のレールに対するロック及びその解除を行う脱着機構とを備え、かつ、前記レールは、前記両折曲部の対向する箇所に形成された凹部を構成要素とする挿脱孔を有しており、前記固定部は、前記挿脱孔を通じてレール内に挿入され、かつ両折曲部に沿って移動し得る抜止め用スタッドを備えており、前記可動部は、前記脚部に往復動可能に配設され、かつ前記両折曲部間を通じてレール内に挿入される固定用スタッドを備え、前記抜止め用スタッドは、その下端部に前記挿脱孔を通じて前記レールに挿入可能な係止部を有して、前記レールの長手方向において前記固定用スタッドの前後に複数設けられ、前記脱着機構は、ロック時には、前記固定用スタッドをレールの底部にその下面を圧接させるとともに、前記抜止め用スタッドを上昇させて前記係止部の上面によって両折曲部に下から圧接させ、ロック解除時には、前記固定用スタッド及び抜止め用スタッドの各圧接を弱める」ものとすることもできる。
【００３５】
【発明の実施の形態】
（第１実施形態）
以下、本発明をバス用座席の脱着構造に具体化した第１実施形態について、図１〜８を参照して説明する。
【００３６】
図１，２（ａ）に示すように、バスの客室の下部には強度部材１が縦横に配置され、その上に、床板２、カーペット３等からなる床材４が取付けられるとともに、複数本（例えば２本）のレール５が平行に敷設されている。各レール５は、上端部に一対の折曲部６を有しており、両折曲部６の間隔ｄ１は、レール５の対向する内壁５ａの間隔ｄ２よりも狭くなっている。レール５には、座席７の脚部８が、次に示す構造により脱着可能に取付けられている。ここでは、一対の脚部８を有する座席７を例にとって説明する。図２（ｂ），３，４に示すように、各脚部８の下部には、内部に底板９を備えた細長いケース１１が固定されている。底板９の複数箇所（ここでは２箇所）には、固定板１２がボルト１４、ナット１５等によって締結されている。
【００３７】
図６，７に示すように、各固定板１２には固定部としての外筒１３が貫通され、溶接等によって固定されている。各外筒１３の一部には、周方向に沿って切欠き１６が設けられている。各外筒１３の上部にはボルト１７が貫通され、ナット１８によって締結されている。ボルト１７は外筒１３の軸線を通り、レール５に略平行となっている。各外筒１３の内部には、内筒１９が回動自在に収容されている。内筒１９は、これとボルト１７との間に介装された圧縮ばね２１によって常に下方へ付勢されている。内筒１９には、操作部材としての操作レバー２２が固定されている。操作レバー２２は、切欠き１６を通して外筒１３から露出するとともに、ケース１１の側壁１１ａに設けられた開口２３を通り、ケース１１から外（対向する脚部８側）へ露出している（図４参照）。操作レバー２２は、図２（ａ），４において実線で示すロック位置と、二点鎖線で示す解除位置との間で回動する。
【００３８】
図３，７に示すように、外筒１３及び内筒１９には、可動部としての軸部材２４が上下方向への往復動可能かつ回動可能に設けられている。より詳しくは、軸部材２４の下部外周には雄ねじ２４ａが形成され、内筒１９の下半部内周に形成された雌ねじ１９ａに螺合されている。軸部材２４は内筒１９及び外筒１３を貫通し、その下端部に係止部２４ｂを有している。係止部２４ｂの幅Ｗは、両折曲部６の間隔ｄ１よりも若干狭く、長さＬは、内壁５ａの間隔ｄ２よりも若干長くなっている（図２（ａ）参照）。
【００３９】
そして、内筒１９、ボルト１７、圧縮ばね２１、雄ねじ２４ａ及び雌ねじ１９ａによって脱着機構Ａが構成されている。脱着機構Ａの機能の１つは、操作レバー２２の動きを軸部材２４に伝達して係止部２４ｂをレール５内に進入及び後退させ、レール５に交差した係止部２４ｂ及び外筒１３を折曲部６に圧接させて上下から挟み込み、脚部８をレール５にロックすることである。また、別の機能は、係止部２４ｂを外筒１３から離してレール５に略平行にすることにより脚部８のロックを解除し、係止部２４ｂを両折曲部６間から抜出し可能にすることである。これらの機能を発揮させるには、係止部２４ｂの回動と上下動とが必要であるが、脱着機構Ａは、螺合部分での摩擦を利用し、操作レバー２２の操作に応じた内筒１９の回動を軸部材２４に伝達してそれらを一体回動させるようにしている。また、脱着機構Ａは、軸部材２４の回動を止め、内筒１９の回動にともなうねじの作用を利用して軸部材２４を軸方向に移動させるようにしている。
【００４０】
さらに、図６，７に示すように、内筒１９の上部には周方向に沿って切欠き２５が設けられている。軸部材２４の外周には第１突部２６が設けられ、上端部には第２突部２７が設けられている。第１突部２６は、軸部材２４に打込まれて、その外周面から露出するピン２８の一端部によって構成されており、切欠き２５内に配置されている。そして、これらの切欠き２５及び第１突部２６によって回動伝達部が構成されている。この回動伝達部により、内筒１９の回動にともない切欠き２５の壁面２５ａ，２５ｂが第１突部２６に接触し、軸部材２４を強制的に回動させるようにしている。第２突部２７は、軸部材２４に打込まれて、その上面から露出するピンの上端部によって構成されている。さらに、前述したボルト１７において、第２突部２７の移動経路に対応する箇所は回動阻止部を兼ねており、脱着機構Ａによるロック解除にともない第２突部２７に接触し、レール５に略平行となった係止部２４ｂがさらに回動して交差状態となるのを阻止するようにしている。
【００４１】
次に、前記のように構成された本実施形態の作用及び効果について説明する。図５〜７は、各操作レバー２２のロック位置への回動操作により、脚部８がレール５にロックされた状態を示している。この状態では、係止部２４ｂがレール５に斜めに交差し、その角部において内壁５ａに接触している。加えて、係止部２４ｂは両折曲部６の下面に圧接し、外筒１３の下端部とともに両折曲部６を上下から強固に挟み込んでいる。このため、脚部８はレール５に対しスライド不能かつ抜け落ち不能である。第１突部２６は切欠き２５の壁面２５ａ，２５ｂから離れた中間位置にあり、第２突部２７はボルト１７から離れた中間位置にある。
【００４２】
座席７をレール５から取外すために、全ての操作レバー２２をロック位置から解除位置へ向けて回動操作する。この回動により、軸部材２４がねじの作用によりわずかに下がり、内筒１９が軸部材２４をともなって同方向へ回動し始める。操作レバー２２の回動途中で、第２突部２７がボルト１７に当り、それ以上の軸部材２４の回動が阻止される。このとき、係止部２４ｂはレール５に略平行となっている。さらに、操作レバー２２を解除位置まで回動操作すると、回動を阻止された軸部材２４がねじの作用により下がり、折曲部６から離れる。この状態で座席７をレール５に沿ってスライドさせれば、座席７の位置を調整できる。また、座席７の全体を持上げたり、傾けたりすることにより、両折曲部６間を通じて係止部２４ｂを抜出せば、脚部８がレール５から外れる。
【００４３】
前記とは逆に、座席７をレール５に取付ける場合、又はスライドされた座席７をレール５にロックする場合には、全操作レバー２２を解除位置からロック位置へ向けて回動操作する。すると、内筒１９が軸部材２４をともなって同方向へ回動する。操作レバー２２が約４５°回動操作されて、ロック位置と解除位置の中間の位置に達すると、係止部２４ｂの角部が両内壁５ａに当る。ロック位置に向けて操作レバー２２をさらに回動操作すると、内筒１９が引続き回動するのに対し、回動を阻止されている軸部材２４はねじの作用により上がる。折曲部６が外筒１３と係止部２４ｂとによって挟み込まれる。操作レバー２２がロック位置に達したとき、脚部８はレール５に完全にロックされ、スライド不能かつ抜け落ち不能となる。
【００４４】
ところで、レール５内に塵芥等の異物が入っていて、軸部材２４の回動が妨げられる状況も起り得る。この場合、操作レバー２２を回動操作しても、最初のうちは軸部材２４が内筒１９と一体となって回動せず、ねじの作用により上下動する。しかし、例えば図８（ａ）において実線で示すロック位置にある操作レバー２２を、同図において二点鎖線で示す位置まで回動操作すると、切欠き２５の一方の壁面２５ａが第１突部２６に接触する。さらに、操作レバー２２を回動操作すると、第１突部２６が壁面２５ａによって押され、軸部材２４が強制的に回動される。そして、操作レバー２２が図８（ｂ）に示す解除位置に達したときには、係止部２４ｂがレール５に略平行になる。このため、両折曲部６間を通じて係止部２４ｂを抜出すことができる。
【００４５】
前記とは逆に、図４において二点鎖線で示す解除位置にある操作レバー２２を、図８（ｃ）に示す位置まで回動操作すると、切欠き２５の他方の壁面２５ｂが第１突部２６に接触する。さらに、操作レバー２２を回動操作すると、第１突部２６が壁面２５ｂによって押され、軸部材２４が強制的に回動される。そして、操作レバー２２が図４において実線で示す位置に達したときには、係止部２４ｂがレール５に交差する。このため、折曲部６を係止部２４ｂ及び外筒１３によって挟み込み、脚部８をレール５にロックすることができる。
【００４６】
このように本実施形態によると、操作レバー２２を回動するという簡単な操作を行うだけで、係止部２４ｂをレール５に対し交差させて外筒１３との間で両折曲部６を挟み込んだり、係止部２４ｂをレール５に対し略平行にして両折曲部６間から抜出し可能にすることができる。このため、専用の工具を用いなくても、脚部８をレール５にロックしたりそのロックを解除したりできる。座席７を短時間でバスの床に取付けたり、取外したりすることができる。
【００４７】
本実施形態は前述した事項以外にも次の特徴を有する。
（ａ）内筒１９、ボルト１７、圧縮ばね２１等の少ない部品で脱着機構Ａを構成し、内筒１９に軸部材２４を螺合させるという簡単な構造で、その軸部材２４を内筒１９と一体で回動させたり、上下動させたりすることができる。
【００４８】
（ｂ）内筒１９に切欠き２５を設け、軸部材２４に第１突部２６を設け、その第１突部２６を切欠き２５内に配置している。このため、レール５内に異物があっても、操作レバー２２の操作に応じて切欠き２５の壁面２５ａが第１突部２６に接触することで、内筒１９の回動が軸部材２４に確実に伝達される。従って、係止部２４ｂを所望の角度にすることができる。
【００４９】
（ｃ）軸部材２４の上端部に第２突部２７を設け、外筒１３にボルト１７を架渡している。このため、操作レバー２２をロック解除位置へ向けて操作する際に、第２突部２７をボルト１７に接触させることにより、係止部２４ｂをレール５に対し確実に略平行にすることができる。
【００５０】
（第２実施形態）
次に、本発明を具体化した第２実施形態について、図９〜１４に従って説明する。図１２に示すように、本実施形態では第１実施形態とは異なるタイプのレール３１が用いられている。このレール３１では、両折曲部３４に、その長さ方向に一定間隔毎に略半円形の凹部３２が形成され、対向する一対の凹部３２と、その間の空間とによって係止孔３３が構成されている。
【００５１】
図１１，１２，１４に示すように、座席７の脚部は、座席フレーム３５の前部を支える前脚３６と、後部を支える後脚３７と、それらの前脚３６及び後脚３７の下端部同士を繋ぐ連結杆３８とを備えている。連結杆３８は、座席７の取付けに際しレール３１の上に載置される。連結杆３８の底部の所定箇所（例えば両端部）に固定されたナット４１には、固定部としての抜止め用スタッド３９が螺合されている。同スタッド３９の下端部には、前記係止孔３３よりも若干小径の係止部３９ａが形成されている。連結杆３８の上部には取付け板４２が架渡されており、ケース４３の底部がボルト４４、ナット４５等により取付け板４２に締結されている。
【００５２】
図１２〜１４に示すように、ケース４３の底部には外筒４６が貫通され、両者が溶接等によって固定されている。外筒４６の外周部において、軸線に対し点対称の関係となる箇所には、長孔状のガイド部４７があけられている。ガイド部４７は長孔状に代えて溝状をなしていてもよい。ガイド部４７の大部分は、外筒の外周面における母線と一定角度で交わっているが、下端部は同母線に略直交している。
【００５３】
外筒４６内には、可動部としての固定用スタッド４８が上下方向への往復動可能かつ回動可能に収容されている。固定用スタッド４８は係止孔３３よりも若干小径に形成されており、前記往復動にともない係止孔３３に挿入及び離脱可能である。固定用スタッド４８の外周には一対の従動突部４９が設けられ、これらが両ガイド部４７にスライド可能に挿入されている。ここでは、両従動突部４９は、固定用スタッド４８を貫通し、その外周面から露出して両ガイド部４７に入り込んでいるピン５０の両端部によって構成されている。前述した外筒４６にガイド部４７を設け、ここに従動突部４９を挿入する構造は、一般に円筒カムと呼ばれているものに相当する。固定用スタッド４８は、これとケース４３の天板部４３ａとの間に介装された圧縮ばね５１によって常に下方へ付勢されている。
【００５４】
固定用スタッド４８の上部には、支持部材５２がロッド５３を介して固定されている。支持部材５２内には、回転体５４が軸５５により支持されている。ケース４３の前後にはそれぞれ下部支持金具５６Ｆ，５６Ｒが固定されている。一方、図９，１０に示すように、座席フレーム３５の一部、例えば幅方向中間部分に設けられた中間フレーム部５７には支軸５８が固定され、その外側に円筒部材５９が回動可能に被せられている。円筒部材５９には、操作部材としての操作レバー６１及び接続部材６２が固定されている。操作レバー６１は支軸５８を支点とし、図１０において実線で示すロック位置と、二点鎖線で示す解除位置との間で回動可能である。操作レバー６１は、ロック位置では中間フレーム部５７の上面よりも低くなり、解除位置では略起立状態となる。
【００５５】
円筒部材５９の近傍、例えば、前フレーム部６３及び中間フレーム部５７には上部支持金具６４Ｆ，６４Ｒが固定されている。前側の上部支持金具６４Ｆ及び前側の下部支持金具５６Ｆには、ロック用ワイヤ６５を有するガイドチューブ６６の両端部が締結されている。同様に、後側の上部支持金具６４Ｒ及び後側の下部支持金具５６Ｒにはロック解除用ワイヤ６７を有するガイドチューブ６８の両端部が締結されている。ロック用ワイヤ６５及びロック解除用ワイヤ６７の各上端部は接続部材６２に係止され、各下端部は回転体５４に係止されている。
【００５６】
そして、前述したガイド部４７、従動突部４９、支持部材５２、ロッド５３、回転体５４、軸５５、上下両支持金具６４Ｆ，６４Ｒ，５６Ｆ，５６Ｒ、接続部材６２、ロック用ワイヤ６５、ガイドチューブ６６，６８、ロック解除用ワイヤ６７によって脱着機構Ａが構成されている。この脱着機構Ａの機能の１つは、ロック時には、固定用スタッド４８を、係止孔３３を通じてレール３１内に侵入させて底部３１ａに圧接させるとともに、係止部３９ａを両折曲部３４に圧接させることである。また、別の機能は、ロック解除時には、固定用スタッド４８を後退させて係止孔３３から抜出すことである。また、脱着機構Ａ中の支持部材５２、ロッド５３、回転体５４、軸５５、上下両支持金具６４Ｆ，６４Ｒ，５６Ｆ，５６Ｒ、接続部材６２、ロック用ワイヤ６５、ガイドチューブ６６，６８、ロック解除用ワイヤ６７によって第１伝達部が構成され、この第１伝達部により操作レバー６１の操作を回転運動に変換して固定用スタッド４８に伝達するようにしている。
【００５７】
次に、前記のように構成された本実施形態の作用及び効果について説明する。図１１は、操作レバー６１を図１０において二点鎖線で示す解除位置へ回動操作することにより、脚部のレール３１に対するロックを解除した状態を示している。この状態では、全ての抜止め用スタッド３９の係止部３９ａが係止孔３３の下方に位置している。固定用スタッド４８は後退しており、その下端面はレール３１よりも上方に位置している。このため、座席７を持上げれば、抜止め用スタッド３９が係止孔３３から抜け出る。
【００５８】
また、前記のロック解除状態から、図１４に示すように座席全体をレール３１に沿ってスライドさせる。このスライドにより、係止部３９ａを係止孔３３からずらし、隣り合う凹部３２の間に位置させるとともに、固定用スタッド４８を所定の係止孔３３の上方に位置させる。操作レバー６１を図１０において実線で示すロック位置へ向けて操作すると、その回動はロック用ワイヤ６５、回転体５４、軸５５、支持部材５２、ロッド５３を介して固定用スタッド４８に伝達される。固定用スタッド４８は回転しようとするが、従動突部４９はガイド部４７に沿ってしか動けない。そのため、操作レバー６１の操作に応じ固定用スタッド４８は回転しながら下降し、係止孔３３に入り込む。この入り込みにより、固定用スタッド４８の動き、特にレール３１の長さ方向への動きは、係止孔３３の壁面によって規制される。
【００５９】
固定用スタッド４８がレール３１の底部３１ａに接触した後も、操作レバー６１を同方向へ操作すると、固定用スタッド４８がさらに下降しようとする。ところが、固定用スタッド４８が底部３１ａに接触していてそれ以上下降できないため、逆に、座席７において固定用スタッド４８以外の部材が押上げられ、抜止め用スタッド３９の係止部３９ａが両折曲部３４に接触する。操作レバー６１がロック位置に至ったときには、固定用スタッド４８が底部３１ａに圧接し、抜止め用スタッド３９の係止部３９ａが両折曲部３４に圧接する。これらの圧接と、係止孔３３の壁面が固定用スタッド４８の動きを規制することによって、脚部はレール３１に強固にロックされ、スライド不能かつ抜け落ち不能となる。
【００６０】
前記ロック状態からロック解除状態にするには、ロック位置にある操作レバー６１を解除位置へ向けて回動操作する。この操作に応じ、各部が前記とは逆に動作する。すなわち、ロック解除用ワイヤ６７が引張られて、従動突部４９がガイド部４７に沿って移動することにより、固定用スタッド４８が前記とは逆方向へ回転しながら上昇する。この上昇にともない抜止め用スタッド３９が下降し、両スタッド４８，３９の底部３１ａ及び両折曲部３４に対する圧接力が弱まる。固定用スタッド４８が係止孔３３から抜け出ると、脚部をレール３１に沿ってスライドさせたり取外したりすることが可能となる。
【００６１】
このように、本実施形態によると、操作レバー６１を操作するだけで固定用スタッド４８が底部３１ａに圧接し、係止部３９ａが折曲部３４に圧接して脚部がレール３１にロックされ、また逆方向への操作レバー６１の操作により前記の圧接力が弱まりロックが解除される。従って、第１実施形態と同様に、専用の工具を用いなくても、脚部をレール３１にロックしたりそのロックを解除したりできる。座席７を短時間で乗物の床に取付けたり、取外したりすることができる。さらに、１本の操作レバー６１を操作するだけで、全てのレール３１に対する脚部８のロックを解除できるので、解除のための操作が少なくてすむ。そのほかにも、脚部をレール３１から外す場合には、操作レバー６１を起して解除位置にする必要があるが、座部を取外さなければこの操作を行うことはできない。従って、乗客等によって誤って操作レバー６１が操作されるおそれがない。
【００６２】
（第３実施形態）
次に、本発明を具体化した第３実施形態について、図１５〜１７に従って説明する。本実施形態は、固定用スタッド４８を往復動させるために、ガイド部４７及び従動突部４９に代えて板カム７１を用いている。それ以外の構成は第２実施形態と同様である。従って、第２実施形態と同様の部材には同一の符号を付して詳しい説明を省略する。
【００６３】
ケース４３の底部に固定された外筒４６において軸線を挟んで対向する箇所には、その軸線に平行に切込み７２が入れられている。外筒４６内には、可動部としての固定用スタッド４８が上下方向への往復動可能に収容されている。固定用スタッド４８の上部にはピン７３が貫通されている。固定用スタッド４８の外周面から露出するピン７３の両端部は切込み７２に入り込んでいる。外筒４６内の段差部４６ａとピン７３の両端部との間には弾性部材としての圧縮ばね７４が介装されており、ピン７３を介して固定用スタッド４８が常に上方へ付勢されている。
【００６４】
外筒４６には、板カム７１が少なくとも一方の切込み７２に通された状態で配置されており、外筒４６と、板カム７１の中心から外れた箇所とに軸７５が挿通されている。板カム７１はねじ７６により軸７５に締結されている。従って、板カム７１は軸７５と一体となって外筒４６に対し回動可能である。板カム７１の外周面には、前記圧縮ばね７４によって付勢された固定用スタッド４８の上面が常に接触している。外筒４６から露出する軸７５の一端部には、支持部材５２が一体回動可能、かつ割ピン７７により脱落不能に取付けられている。支持部材５２内には回転体５４が軸５５により支持され、これにロック用ワイヤ６５及びロック解除用ワイヤ６７が係止されている。
【００６５】
そして、前述した切込み７２、ピン７３、圧縮ばね７４、板カム７１、軸７５、支持部材５２、回転体５４、軸５５、上下両支持金具６４Ｆ，６４Ｒ，５６Ｆ，５６Ｒ、接続部材６２、ワイヤ６５，６７、ガイドチューブ６６，６８によって脱着機構Ａが構成されている。また、脱着機構Ａ中の軸７５、支持部材５２、回転体５４、軸５５、上下両支持金具６４Ｆ，６４Ｒ，５６Ｆ，５６Ｒ、接続部材６２、ワイヤ６５，６７、ガイドチューブ６６，６８によって第２伝達部が構成され、この第２伝達部により、操作レバー６１の操作を回転運動に変換して板カム７１に伝達し、その回動により圧縮ばね７４に抗して固定用スタッド４８を往復動させるようにしている。
【００６６】
従って、第３実施形態によると、第２実施形態と同様の作用及び効果を奏する。第２実施形態と異なるのは、固定用スタッド４８の動作である。すなわち、操作レバー６１を操作すると、その回動がワイヤ６５，６７、回転体５４、軸５５、支持部材５２、軸７５を介して板カム７１に伝達される。板カム７１が軸７５と一体となって回動し、その板カム７１の固定用スタッド４８との接触箇所が変化する。この接触箇所と軸７５との距離が大きくなるに従い固定用スタッド４８の下方への移動量が増大する。操作レバー６１が解除位置に操作されたときには、前記距離が短くなり、図１７において実線で示すように固定用スタッド４８は最も上方に位置し、係止孔３３から抜け出す。反対に、操作レバー６１がロック位置に操作されたときには、前記距離が最大となり、図１７において二点鎖線で示すように固定用スタッド４８は最も下方に位置し、レール３１の底部３１ａに圧接する。このように固定用スタッド４８は回動しないものの第２実施形態の固定用スタッド４８と同様の動作を行う。
【００６７】
（第４実施形態）
次に、本発明を具体化した第４実施形態を、図１８〜２３に従って説明する。なお、第１〜３実施形態と同様の部材については、同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
【００６８】
本実施形態では、図２１に示すように、上端部に一対の折曲部８２を有するレール８１が用いられている。折曲部８２の上面の所定箇所には、座席位置決め用の目印（図示略）が付されている。両折曲部８２の対向する箇所には凹部８３が形成され、両凹部８３と、それらの間の空間とによって挿脱孔８４が構成されている。レール８１の底部の複数箇所には係止凹部８５が設けられている。ここでは、各係止凹部８５として、複数の丸穴が形成されているが、数、形状、大きさ等に関しては、適宜変更可能である。また、係止凹部８５は一定間隔毎に設けられることが好ましい。なお、図２１ではレールが２段に分けて図示されているが、実際には同一線上に位置している。また、同図２１中の８６は、レール８１を敷設する際にボルトを通すための挿通孔である。
【００６９】
図１８，１９に示すように、座席の脚部は、前脚３６と後脚（図示略）と、それらの下端部同士を繋ぐ連結杆３８とを備えている。連結杆３８の両端部（図１８では前端部のみ図示）に固定されたナット４１には、抜止め用スタッド３９が螺合されている。連結杆３８において、前後両抜止め用スタッド３９の中間部分には、ケース８７がボルト８８、ナット８９等により締結されている。
【００７０】
図１８〜２０に示すように、ケース８７及び連結杆３８を含む脚部には、可動部としての固定用スタッド９１が上下方向への往復動可能に配置されている。固定用スタッド９１は、作動部９２と、その底部に固定された本体部９３と、作動部９２の上部に固定されたガイド部９４とを備えている。作動部９２は、ケース８７の両側板９５間に配置されている。作動部９２の上部には上部伝達ピン９６が架設され、下部には下部伝達ピン９７が架設されている。これらの上下両伝達ピン９６，９７によって第３伝達部が構成されている。
【００７１】
ガイド部９４は、ケース８７の上部にあけられた孔８７ａに挿通されている。本体部９３は両折曲部８２間の隙間よりも薄く形成されており、連結杆３８にあけられた孔３８ａに挿通され、両折曲部８２間を通じてレール８１内に挿入されている。これらの孔３８ａ，８７ａの壁面により、固定用スタッド９１の上下動方向以外の方向（前後方向や左右方向）への動きが規制される。本体部９３の下部には、その往復動にともない、前記レール８１の係止凹部８５に出入りする係止突部９８が形成されている。
【００７２】
ケース８７の上部にはばねホルダ９９が固定されており、その周囲にコイルばね１０１が装着されている。コイルばね１０１は、ケース８７の上部と上部伝達ピン９６との間で圧縮されており、同伝達ピン９６を介して固定用スタッド９１を常に下方へ付勢している。両側板９５には軸１０２が回動可能に支持されている。一方（図１９の右方）の側板９５から突出する軸１０２の端部にはピン１０３が貫通されている。また、脚部とは別に、操作部材としての操作レバー１０４が用意されている。操作レバー１０４の先端部の切欠き１０４ａをピン１０３に係合させた状態で、その先端部を軸１０２に被せることにより、同操作レバー１０４を軸１０２に装着可能である。
【００７３】
軸１０２には、両側板９５間に配置された板カム１０５が一体回動可能に取付けられている。板カム１０５は、回動することにより、上部伝達ピン９６を介して固定用スタッド９１に押上げ力を加えたり、下部伝達ピン９７を介して固定用スタッド９１に押下げ力を加えたりする。そして、板カム１０５が、図１８において実線で示す第２角度まで回動したときには、係止突部９８が係止凹部８５から抜け出す。一方、板カム１０５が二点鎖線で示す第１角度まで回動したときには、係止突部９８が係止凹部８５の底面に圧接し、抜止め用スタッド３９が両折曲部８２に圧接する。
【００７４】
ケース８７内には、板カム１０５を第１角度に保持するための第１保持部と、第２角度に保持するための第２保持部とが設けられている。第１保持部は、図２３に示すように、下部ストッパ１０６及び第１凹部１０７からなる。下部ストッパ１０６は、両側板９５の下部に架設されたピンからなる。板カム１０５は第１角度になったとき、同図２３において二点鎖線で示すように、下部ストッパ１０６に接近又は接触する。第１凹部１０７は板カム１０５の外周部に形成され、その板カム１０５が第１角度になったときに下部伝達ピン９７に上から係合する。
【００７５】
第２保持部は、図２２に示すように、上部ストッパ１０８及び第２凹部１０９からなる。上部ストッパ１０８は、両側板９５の上部に架設されたピンからなる。板カム１０５は第２角度になったとき、上部ストッパ１０８に接近又は接触する。第２凹部１０９は板カム１０５の外周部に形成され、その板カム１０５が第２角度になったときに上部伝達ピン９６に下から係合する。そして、前述した軸１０２、板カム１０５、第３伝達部（上下両伝達ピン９６，９７）、第１保持部（下部ストッパ１０６、第１凹部１０７）、第２保持部（上部ストッパ１０８、第２凹部１０９）によって脱着機構Ａが構成されている。なお、図１９中の１１１は、脱着機構Ａを覆うカバーである。
【００７６】
次に、前記のように構成された本実施形態の作用及び効果について説明する。脚部のレール８１への取付けに際しては、例えば操作レバー１０４を用いて、板カム１０５を第２角度にしておく（図１８，２２参照）。この状態では、板カム１０５には、上部伝達ピン９６を介してコイルばね１０１の付勢力が加わっている。しかし、第２凹部１０９が上部伝達ピン９６に下から係合している。また、板カム１０５は上部ストッパ１０８に接触又は接近しており、反時計回り方向への回動が阻止されている。このため、操作レバー１０４の操作等によって、板カム１０５に対し、第２凹部１０９が上部伝達ピン９６を乗越え得る大きさの外力が加わらない限り、板カム１０５は回動せず第２角度に保持される。
【００７７】
挿脱孔８４を通じて抜止め用スタッド３９をレール８１内に挿入するとともに、両折曲部８２間を通じて固定用スタッド９１の下部をレール８１内に挿入して、連結杆３８をレール８１の上に置く。この状態では、係止突部９８が係止凹部８５よりも高い箇所に位置しているため、係止突部９８の動きが係止凹部８５によって制限されることはない。
【００７８】
次に、連結杆３８を両折曲部８２に接触させた状態で、座席全体を所望の方向へスライドさせる。レール８１に付された目印を目安にして座席の位置を合せる。この位置合せにより、図１８において実線で示すように、係止突部９８が所望箇所の係止凹部８５の上方に位置する。続いて、軸１０２を支点として操作レバー１０４を回動操作して、板カム１０５を図１８，２２の時計回り方向へ回動させる。板カム１０５の回動にともない、第２凹部１０９が上部伝達ピン９６を乗越える。その後は、コイルばね１０１によって下方へ付勢されて板カム１０５に接触している上部伝達ピン９６が、板カム１０５の回動に追従しながら下降する。すなわち、固定用スタッド９１全体が下降する。この下降にともない係止突部９８が係止凹部８５内に入り込む。この状態では、係止突部９８の動きが係止凹部８５の壁面によって規制される。前記下降により、係止突部９８は、図１８において二点鎖線で示すように係止凹部８５の底面に接触する。このとき、図２３において実線で示すように、板カム１０５は、第１凹部１０７とは異なる箇所において下部伝達ピン９７に接触する。
【００７９】
引続き操作レバー１０４を操作して、板カム１０５を時計回り方向へ回動させると、固定用スタッド９１がさらに下降しようとする。ところが、係止突部９８が係止凹部８５の底面に接触していてそれ以上下降できないため、逆に連結杆３８が押上げられ、抜止め用スタッド３９の係止部３９ａが両折曲部８２に接触する。さらに、操作レバー１０４の操作にともない固定用スタッド９１が下降しようとすると、係止突部９８が係止凹部８５の底面に圧接し、係止部３９ａが両折曲部８２に圧接する。先に説明したように、係止突部９８の動きが係止凹部８５の壁面によって規制されていることもあり、固定用スタッド９１はレール８１の長さ方向及び幅方向にも、折曲部８２の厚み方向にも移動不能な状態となる。このように、脚部がレール８１に強固にロックされる。
【００８０】
さらに板カム１０５が回動すると、図２３において二点鎖線で示すように、第１凹部１０７が下部伝達ピン９７に上から係合する。このときには、板カム１０５は下部ストッパ１０６に接触又は接近しており、それ以上の時計回り方向への回動が阻止される。このため、操作レバー１０４の操作等によって、板カム１０５に対し、第１凹部１０７が下部伝達ピン９７を乗越え得る大きさの外力が加わらない限り、板カム１０５は回動せず第１角度に保持される。
【００８１】
一方、ロック解除に際しては、操作レバー１０４を前記とは逆方向に操作する。板カム１０５の回動にともない、第１凹部１０７が下部伝達ピン９７を乗越える。その後は、コイルばね１０１によって下方へ付勢されて板カム１０５に接触している上部伝達ピン９６が、板カム１０５の回動に従い押上げられる。すなわち、固定用スタッド９１全体が上昇する。この上昇にともない、係止突部９８の係止凹部８５に対する圧接力が弱まるとともに、抜止め用スタッド３９の両折曲部８２に対する圧接力が弱まる。操作レバー１０４の操作にともなう固定用スタッド９１の上昇途中で、係止突部９８が係止凹部８５の底面から離れ、図１８において実線で示すように係止凹部８５から抜け出る。
【００８２】
図２２に示すように、第２凹部１０９が上部伝達ピン９６に下から係合する。このとき、板カム１０５が上部ストッパ１０８に接触又は接近しており、それ以上の反時計回り方向への回動が阻止される。これらの上部伝達ピン９６との係合と、上部ストッパ１０８の回動規制とにより、板カム１０５は第２角度に保持される。このときには、前記したように、係止突部９８が係止凹部８５から抜け出ているので、連結杆３８を両折曲部８２に接触させた状態で座席全体を所望の方向へスライドさせることができる。また、このスライドにより抜止め用スタッド３９を挿脱孔８４に合致させれば、そのスタッド３９を挿脱孔８４から抜出し、座席全体をレール８１から取外すことができる。
【００８３】
このように、本実施形態によると、操作レバー１０４を軸１０２に装着して回動操作するという簡単な操作を行うだけで、第１実施形態と同様に、座席を短時間で乗物のレール８１に取付けたり取外したりすることができる。このことは、座席の配列を使用目的に応じて変えて客室空間を種々変更するうえで重要である。そのほかにも、操作レバー１０４を脱着機構Ａとは別体とし、脱着作業を行う場合にのみ、軸１０２に装着するようにしたので、乗客等によって誤ってロックが解除されるおそれがない。また、軸１０２、板カム１０５及び第３伝達部という非常に簡単な構成で、固定用スタッド９１を往復動させることができる。さらに、第１保持部及び第２保持部により、操作レバー１０４の非操作時に板カム１０５が不用意に回動するのを防止できる。
【００８４】
なお、本発明はバスに限らず、鉄道車両、航空機、船舶等の各種乗物の座席にも適用可能である。
【００８５】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明によれば、簡単な操作を行うだけで、座席を短時間で乗物のレールに取付けたり取外したりでき、ひいては座席の配列を使用目的に応じて変えて客室空間を種々変更することができる。
【００８６】
また、操作部材の操作に応じ、係止部がレールに対して交差して固定部との間で折曲部を挟み込んだり、係止部がレールに対して略平行となり両折曲部間から抜出し可能となるため、上記の発明の効果を確実に奏することができる。
【００８７】
また、係止部の往復動及び回動を簡単な構成で行うことも可能となる。
【００８８】
また、レール内に異物があっても内筒の回動を軸部材に確実に伝達し、係止部を所望の角度にすることも可能となる。
【００８９】
また、操作部材をロック解除方向へ操作する際に、係止部をレールに対し確実に略平行状態にすることも可能となる。
【００９０】
また、操作部材を操作するだけで固定用スタッドがレールの底部に圧接し、抜止め用スタッドが折曲部に圧接して脚部がレールにロックされ、また逆方向への操作部材の操作により前記の圧接力が弱まりロックが解除され、上記の効果を確実に奏することができる。
【００９１】
また、ガイド部及び従動突部という非常に簡単な構成で、固定用スタッドを往復動させることも可能となる。
【００９２】
また、弾性部材及び板カムという非常に簡単な構成で、固定用スタッドを往復動させることも可能となる。
【００９３】
また、係止突部を係止凹部内に入り込ませて圧接させることにより、固定用スタッドの動きを阻止でき、脚部をより強固にロックすることも可能となる。
【００９４】
また、軸、板カム及び第３伝達部という非常に簡単な構成で、固定用スタッドを往復動させることも可能となる。
【００９５】
また、操作部材の非操作時に板カムが回動するのを防止し、脚部のロック状態が誤って解除されるのを防止することも可能となる。
【００９６】
また、操作部材の非操作時に板カムが回動するのを防止し、脚部をレールに対しスライドし得る状態に保つことも可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明を具体化した第１実施形態において、座席がレールに取付けられた状態を示す側面図である。
【図２】（ａ）は座席の脚部の下部を示す部分斜視図であり、（ｂ）は脚部のケースを示す斜視図である。
【図３】ケースの内部構造を示す部分縦断面図である。
【図４】ケースの内部構造を示す部分平断面図である。
【図５】図３のＸ−Ｘ線断面図である。
【図６】ケース内部に組込まれる脱着機構の斜視図である。
【図７】図６の脱着機構の分解斜視図である。
【図８】（ａ）〜（ｃ）は操作レバーを回動させたときの第１突部と切欠きとの関係を説明するための部分平断面図である。
【図９】第２実施形態における座席フレームの一部を省略して示す平面図である。
【図１０】図９のＹ−Ｙ線断面図である。
【図１１】脚部の側面図である。
【図１２】脱着機構の部分斜視図である。
【図１３】図１２の分解斜視図である。
【図１４】脱着機構の一部を省略して示す縦断面図である。
【図１５】第３実施形態における脱着機構を示す部分斜視図である。
【図１６】図１５の分解斜視図である。
【図１７】脱着機構の部分縦断面図である。
【図１８】第４実施形態における脱着機構の部分縦断面図である。
【図１９】図１８のＺ−Ｚ線断面図である。
【図２０】脱着機構の分解斜視図である。
【図２１】レール、連結杆、固定用スタッド等の関係を示す部分斜視図である。
【図２２】脱着機構の作用を説明するための部分断面図である。
【図２３】脱着機構の作用を説明するための部分断面図である。
【符号の説明】
５，３１，８１レール
６，３４，８２折曲部
７座席
８脚部
１３外筒
１７ボルト
１９内筒
２２，６１，１０４操作レバー
２４軸部材
２４ｂ係止部
２５切欠き
２５ａ，２５ｂ壁面
２６第１突部
２７第２突部
３１ａレールの底部
３２，８３凹部
３３係止孔
３９抜止め用スタッド
４７ガイド部
４８，９１固定用スタッド
４９従動突部
７１，１０５板カム
７４圧縮ばね
７５，１０２軸
８４挿脱孔
８５係止凹部
９６上部伝達ピン
９７下部伝達ピン
９８係止突部
１０６下部ストッパ
１０７第１凹部
１０８上部ストッパ
１０９第２凹部
Ａ脱着機構[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a seat detaching structure for various vehicles such as buses, railway vehicles, airplanes, and ships that transport passengers.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in a vehicle for transporting passengers, for example, in a passenger cabin of a bus, a large number of seats are arranged in a predetermined arrangement, and leg portions of each seat are fixed to fastening rails such as bolts and nuts with respect to rails laid on the floor. ing. With this type of bus, once the cabin has been constructed, it is difficult to change the seat arrangement thereafter. If you try to change it, it will take more time than building a new room. Therefore, daily operations such as changing the position of the seat and removing or adding the seat from the rail are not performed. On the other hand, in order to respond to diversifying customer demands, various types of cabin spaces with seating arrangements that meet the demands are required. From the viewpoint of bus operation efficiency, it is difficult to have several types of buses with different cabin spaces. For this reason, at present, only one bus has a specification that satisfies the common points of customer requests, that is, a bus with the greatest common divisor specification.
[0003]
On the other hand, various vehicles have been proposed in which the cabin space can be changed by changing the arrangement of seats according to the purpose of use. For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-287760, a guide groove is formed in the length direction or the left-right direction (width direction) on the passenger car floor, and a guide is provided at the bottom of the seat so that the guide can be slid into the guide groove. A rail vehicle is disclosed in which a seat is movably attached to a floor by meshing.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, there is no fixing force only by slidingly engaging the guide in the guide groove, so some fixing means is required. However, the publication does not disclose fixing means. In the technique of the above publication, even if the position of the seat can be changed, it is difficult to remove the guide from the guide groove and replace it with another type of seat.
[0005]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to allow seats to be attached to and detached from vehicle rails in a short time by simply performing a simple operation, and thus to change the cabin space in various ways by changing the seat arrangement according to the purpose of use. It is to provide a vehicle seat detachable structure.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  As the main configuration of the present inventionIn the structure in which the leg portion of the vehicle seat is detachably attached to the rail having a pair of bent portions at the end portion, the operation member, the fixed portion and the movable portion provided on the leg portion, and the movement of the operation member Is transferred to the movable part, the movable part is reciprocated in the thickness direction of the bent part, and the movable part and the fixed part are pressed against and separated from the rail, thereby locking and releasing the leg part with respect to the rail. And a desorption mechanism for performing.
[0007]
  ThisWhen the vehicle seat is attached to the rail, the leg portion is placed on the rail, and the operation member is operated in a predetermined direction. In response to this operation, the attachment / detachment mechanism operates, the movable part provided on the leg part reciprocates in the thickness direction of the bent part, and the movable part and the fixed part are pressed against the rail. The legs are locked to the rail by these pressure contacts. When the operating member is operated in the opposite direction, the movable part moves in the opposite direction. The pressing force against the rail by the movable portion and the fixed portion is weakened, the lock is released, and the seat can be removed from the rail.
[0008]
  In addition, the present invention has the above-described configurationIn addition to the above structure, the movable part is composed of a shaft member that is reciprocally movable and pivotable on the fixed part, and has an engaging part at an end part. Crossing the rail, the bent portion is sandwiched between the locking portion and the fixed portion, and when releasing the lock, the locking portion is substantially parallel to the rail so that it can be pulled out from between the two bent portions. It is.
[0009]
  ThisWhen the seat is attached and detached, the shaft member including the locking portion reciprocates and rotates with respect to the fixed portion. When the leg is locked by the detaching mechanism, the locking portion intersects the rail. The bent portion is sandwiched between the locking portion and the fixing portion in the intersecting state. When the lock is released by the detaching mechanism, the locking portion is substantially parallel to the rail, and can be extracted from between both bent portions.
[0010]
  BookThe inventionthe aboveIn addition to the above structure, the detaching mechanism includes an inner cylinder that is rotatably accommodated in the fixed portion and screwed to the outside of the shaft member, and when the shaft member is rotated, the operation member is operated. The rotation of the inner cylinder is transmitted to the shaft member in accordance with the rotation of the shaft, and the shaft member is rotated integrally. When the shaft member reciprocates, the rotation of the shaft member is stopped and the action of the screw accompanying the rotation of the inner cylinder is used. To move the shaft member in the axial directionCan be.
[0011]
  ThisWhen the operation member is operated, the inner cylinder rotates within the fixed portion in accordance with the operation. When this rotation is transmitted to the shaft member by the attachment / detachment mechanism and the shaft member rotates together with the inner cylinder, the locking portion intersects or becomes parallel to the rail. At this time, the shaft member does not move in the axial direction. Further, when the rotation of the shaft member is stopped during the rotation of the inner cylinder, the shaft member moves in the axial direction by the action of the screw accompanying the rotation of the inner cylinder. Along with this movement, the locking part is pressed against or separated from the bent part.
[0012]
  Also bookThe inventionthe aboveIn addition to the above structure, the inner cylinder includes a notch provided along the circumferential direction, and a first protrusion provided on the outer periphery of the shaft member and disposed in the notch. A rotation transmitting portion that forcibly rotates the shaft member when the wall surface of the notch contacts the first protrusion as the cylinder rotates is further provided.Can also be.
[0013]
  ThisWhen the inner cylinder is rotated according to the operation of the operation member, the wall surface of the notch is moved accordingly. When the wall surface comes into contact with the first protrusion on the outer periphery of the shaft member, the rotation of the inner cylinder is transmitted to the shaft member through the wall surface and the first protrusion, and the coaxial member is forcibly rotated. Therefore, for example, even if there is a foreign matter such as dust that prevents the locking portion from rotating in the rail, the locking portion rotates.
[0014]
  In addition, bookThe inventionthe aboveIn addition to the above structure, the second protrusion provided at the end of the shaft member and the second protrusion provided in the movement path of the second protrusion in the fixing portion and accompanying the unlocking by the detachment mechanism And a rotation preventing portion that prevents the engaging portion that is in contact with the rail and substantially parallel to the rail from further rotating and crossing.Can also be.
[0015]
  ThisWhen the operation member for switching from the unlocked state to the locked state is operated, the inner cylinder and the shaft member rotate, and the inclination of the engaging portion that intersects the rail also changes. As the shaft member rotates, the second protrusion rotates about the axis. When the locking portion is substantially parallel to the rail, the second protrusion comes into contact with the rotation preventing portion provided on the fixed portion. By this contact, further rotation of the shaft member is prevented, and the locking portion is maintained in a substantially parallel state. Even if the operation member is continuously operated from this state and the inner cylinder is rotated in the same direction, the direction in which the locking portion moves by the action of the screw is the direction away from the bent portion. There is no problem due to the movement of the locking portion.
[0016]
  Also bookInvention,PreviousThe rail has a large number of locking holes in the length direction, each of which has a concave portion formed at a position where the two bent portions are opposed to each other, and the fixing portion is inserted into the rail through the locking hole. A retaining stud that is inserted and can be locked to both bent portions, and the movable portion is reciprocally inserted into an outer cylinder fixed to the leg portion, and the reciprocating motion causes the It consists of a fixing stud that enters and retreats into the rail through a locking hole, and the desorption mechanism, when locked, allows the fixing stud to enter the rail and press-contact with the bottom, and the retaining stud is folded in both directions. Pressing against the curved part, and when releasing the lock, retract the fixing stud and pull it out from the locking holeCan also be.
[0017]
  ThisWhen the leg is locked, the fixing stud is retracted, and the retaining stud is inserted into a predetermined locking hole. At this time, the fixing stud is detached from the locking hole. The leg is slid along the rail, and the fixing stud is aligned with the locking hole. By the operation of the operation member, the fixing stud enters the rail through the locking hole. The movement of the fixing stud, particularly the movement in the length direction of the rail, is restricted by the wall surface of the locking hole.
[0018]
If the operation member is operated even after the fixing stud comes into contact with the bottom of the rail, the fixing stud tends to enter further. However, since the fixing stud is in contact with the bottom and cannot enter any more, the leg is pushed up, and the retaining stud contacts the intermediate portion of the adjacent locking hole at the bent portion. Further, when the operation member is operated, the fixing stud comes into pressure contact with the bottom portion, and the retaining stud comes into pressure contact with the bent portion. These press contact and the wall surface of the locking hole restrict the movement of the fixing stud, so that the leg portion is firmly locked to the rail.
[0019]
When unlocking the leg, the operating member is operated in the reverse direction. Then, the fixing stud moves backward, and the pressure contact force between the fixing stud and the retaining stud is weakened. When the fixing stud completely comes out of the locking hole, the retaining stud can be slid. When the retaining stud is slid to a position corresponding to the locking hole, the stud can be extracted from the locking hole.
[0020]
  In addition, bookInvention,PreviousThe recording / removal mechanism includes a groove-shaped or long-hole-shaped guide portion provided in the outer cylinder, a first transmission portion that converts the operation of the operation member into a rotational motion and transmits the rotational motion to the fixing stud, and the guide And a driven protrusion that moves along the guide portion as the fixing stud is rotated by the first transmission portion.Can also be.
[0021]
  ThisWhen the operating member is operated for detaching the seat, the operation is converted into a rotational motion by the first transmitting portion and then transmitted to the fixing stud. In response to this transmission, when a rotational force is applied to the fixing stud, the stud tries to rotate. With this rotation, the driven protrusion moves along the guide portion in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the outer cylinder. As a result, the fixing stud reciprocates while rotating.
[0022]
  Also bookInvention,PreviousThe attachment / detachment mechanism includes an elastic member that urges the fixing stud in a retreating direction, a plate cam that is pivotally supported by the outer cylinder by a shaft in contact with the fixing stud, and the operation A second transmission portion that converts the operation of the member into a rotational motion and transmits the rotational motion to the plate cam, and causes the fixing stud to enter the rail against the elastic member by the rotation.Can also be.
[0023]
  ThisWhen the operation member is operated for detaching the seat, the operation is converted into a rotational motion by the second transmission portion and then transmitted to the plate cam. By this transmission, the plate cam is rotated about the shaft. The plate stud pushes down the fixing stud against the elastic member. Depending on the angle of the plate cam, the pressing amount of the fixing stud by the plate cam varies. As a result, the fixing stud enters or retreats into the rail according to the rotation of the plate cam.
[0024]
  In addition, bookInvention,PreviousThe rail has an insertion / removal hole having a concave portion formed at a position where the two bent portions are opposed to each other, and the fixing portion is inserted into the rail through the insertion / removal hole. A retaining stud that can move along the bent portion is provided, and the movable portion is reciprocally disposed on the leg portion, and is fixedly inserted into the rail through the bent portions. And the demounting mechanism presses the fixing stud against the bottom of the rail and locks the retaining stud against both bent portions when locked, and the locking stud and retaining when unlocking. That weakens each pressure contact of the studCan also be.
[0025]
  ThisWhen the legs are locked, the retaining stud is inserted into the rail through the insertion / removal hole, and the fixing stud is inserted into the rail through the bent portions. The leg is slid along the rail to the desired location. The desorption mechanism is actuated by operation of the operation member, and the fixing stud enters the rail and contacts the bottom thereof. Subsequently, when the operation member is operated, the fixing stud tries to enter further. However, since the fixing stud is in contact with the bottom portion and cannot enter further, the leg portion is pushed up, and the retaining stud comes into contact with both bent portions. Further, when the operation member is operated, the fixing stud comes into pressure contact with the bottom portion, the retaining stud comes into pressure contact with the bent portion, and the leg portion is locked to the rail by these pressure contacts.
[0026]
On the other hand, when releasing the lock, the operation member is operated in the opposite direction. Then, the fixing stud is retracted, the pressure contact force between the fixing stud and the retaining stud is weakened, and the leg portion can be moved. When the leg portion is slid along the rail and the retaining stud matches the insertion / removal hole, the retaining stud can be extracted from the insertion / removal hole.
[0027]
  Also bookInvention,PreviousThe bottom of the rail is provided with a locking recess, and the fixing stud is provided with a locking projection that goes into and out of the locking recess as the reciprocating movement of the fixing stud.Can also be.
[0028]
  ThisIn a state where the locking projection of the fixing stud does not enter the locking recess, the movement of the locking projection is not limited by the locking recess, and the leg can be slid. When the locking projection enters the locking recess, the movement of the locking projection is restricted by the wall surface of the locking recess and the slide of the leg is restricted. Then, when the locking projection is pressed against the bottom of the locking recess and the retaining stud is lifted and pressed against both bent portions, the fixing stud is moved in the thickness direction in the length direction of the bent portion. Becomes immovable.
[0029]
  In addition, bookInvention,PreviousThe attachment / detachment mechanism includes a shaft that is supported by the leg portion and is rotated by the operation of the operation member, a plate cam that is attached to the shaft so as to be integrally rotatable, and the rotation of the plate cam is fixed. A third transmission portion that transmits to the stud for reciprocation and reciprocates the fixing stud.Can also be.
[0030]
  ThisWhen the operation member is operated, the shaft supported by the leg portion is rotated integrally with the plate cam in the attachment / detachment mechanism. The rotation of the plate cam is transmitted to the fixing stud by the third transmitting portion, and the stud is reciprocated in the thickness direction of the bent portion. When the leg is locked, the fixing stud is moved in a direction approaching the bottom of the rail. When unlocking, the fixing stud is moved away from the bottom of the rail.
[0031]
  Also bookInvention,PreviousThe recording / removal mechanism includes a first holding portion that holds the plate cam at the first angle when the plate cam is at a first angle that presses the fixing stud and the retaining stud against the rail.Can also be.
[0032]
  ThisIn the desorption mechanism,aboveAs described above, the fixing stud reciprocates according to the rotation of the plate cam. When the plate cam reaches the first angle by this rotation, the fixing stud is pressed against the bottom of the rail, and the retaining stud is pressed against the bent portion. At this time, the plate cam is held at the first angle by the first holding portion. This holding state can be released by operating the operation member.
[0033]
  In addition, bookThe inventionthe aboveIn addition to the structure of the invention, a locking recess is provided at the bottom of the rail, and the locking stud is provided with a locking projection that goes in and out of the locking recess along with the reciprocation of the fixing stud. A second holding portion for holding the plate cam at the second angle when the plate cam is at a second angle that causes the locking protrusion of the fixing stud to protrude from the locking recess of the rail. PreparationCan also be.
[0034]
  ThisIn the desorption mechanism,aboveAs described above, the fixing stud reciprocates according to the rotation of the plate cam. When the plate cam reaches the second angle by this rotation, the locking projection of the fixing stud comes out of the locking recess of the rail. At this time, the plate cam is held at the second angle by the second holding portion. The leg portion can be slid along the rail. The holding state can be released by operating the operation member.
  In addition to the above-described configuration, the present invention provides a structure in which the leg portion of the vehicle seat is detachably attached to the rail having a pair of bent portions at the end portion, and the operation member and the leg portion are provided. By transmitting the movement of the fixed member and the movable member and the operation member to the movable member, reciprocating the movable member in the thickness direction of the bent portion, and pressing and separating the movable member and the fixed member from the rail. And a detachable mechanism for locking and releasing the leg portion with respect to the rail, and the movable portion is provided so as to be able to reciprocate and turn on the fixed portion, and has a locking portion at the end portion. It consists of a shaft member, and the detaching mechanism crosses the locking portion with the rail at the time of locking, sandwiches the bent portion between the locking portion and the fixing portion, and at the time of unlocking the locking portion at the rail So that it can be pulled out from between the bent parts. The detaching mechanism includes an inner cylinder that is rotatably accommodated in an outer cylinder as the fixing portion and is screwed to the outside of the shaft member. The rotation of the inner cylinder in response to the operation of the operation member is transmitted to the shaft member to integrally rotate them, and when the shaft member reciprocates, the rotation of the shaft member is stopped and the inner cylinder is rotated. The shaft member is moved in the axial direction by using the action of the accompanying screw, the locking portion of the shaft member is pressed against the lower surface of the bent portion, and the bent portion is sandwiched from above and below together with the lower end portion of the outer cylinder. It can also be.
In addition, in the structure in which the legs of the vehicle seat are detachably attached to a rail having a pair of bent portions at the ends, an operation member, a fixed portion and a movable portion provided on the leg, and the operation member Is transferred to the movable part, the movable part is reciprocated in the thickness direction of the bent part, and the movable part and the fixed part are pressed against and separated from the rail, thereby locking the leg part to the rail and its The rail has a large number of locking holes in the lengthwise direction, each of which has a concave portion formed at a position where the two bent portions face each other, and is fixed to the rail. The portion includes a retaining stud that is inserted into the rail through the locking hole and can be locked to both bent portions, and the movable portion reciprocates in an outer cylinder fixed to the leg portion. It is inserted movably and through the locking hole by its reciprocating motion A locking stud that enters and retracts into a rail, and the locking stud has a locking portion that can be inserted into the rail through the locking hole at a lower end portion thereof, in the longitudinal direction of the rail. A plurality of the fixing studs are provided on the front and rear sides of the fixing stud. When the locking mechanism is locked, the fixing stud is inserted into the rail so that the bottom surface thereof is pressed against the bottom, and the retaining stud is raised to raise the engagement stud. It is also possible to press the lower surfaces of both bent portions from below with the upper surfaces of the stoppers, and retract the fixing studs and extract them from the locking holes when unlocking.
Alternatively, “in a structure in which a leg portion of a vehicle seat is detachably attached to a rail having a pair of bent portions at end portions, an operation member, a fixed portion and a movable portion provided on the leg portion, and the operation member Is transferred to the movable part, the movable part is reciprocated in the thickness direction of the bent part, and the movable part and the fixed part are pressed against and separated from the rail, thereby locking the leg part to the rail and its The rail has an insertion / removal hole having a concave portion formed at a location where the two bent portions are opposed to each other, and the fixing portion has the insertion / removal mechanism. A retaining stud that is inserted into the rail through the hole and can move along both bent portions, and the movable portion is disposed on the leg portion so as to be reciprocally movable; Fixing star inserted into the rail through the bends And a plurality of the retaining studs are provided at the lower end portion of the locking stud, the latching portion being insertable into the rail through the insertion / removal hole, and before and after the fixing stud in the longitudinal direction of the rail. When the locking mechanism is locked, the lower surface of the fixing stud is pressed against the bottom of the rail, and the retaining stud is raised and pressed against both bent portions from below by the upper surface of the locking portion. When the lock is released, the pressure contact between the fixing stud and the retaining stud may be weakened. "
[0035]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(First embodiment)
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a bus seat detaching structure will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0036]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (a), strength members 1 are arranged vertically and horizontally in the lower part of a passenger cabin of a bus, and a floor material 4 including a floor board 2, a carpet 3 and the like are mounted on the strength member 1, and a plurality of them are provided. (For example, two) rails 5 are laid in parallel. Each rail 5 has a pair of bent portions 6 at the upper end, and the interval d1 between the bent portions 6 is narrower than the interval d2 between the inner walls 5a of the rail 5 facing each other. The leg portion 8 of the seat 7 is detachably attached to the rail 5 by the following structure. Here, a seat 7 having a pair of legs 8 will be described as an example. As shown in FIGS. 2 (b), 3 and 4, an elongated case 11 having a bottom plate 9 inside is fixed to the lower portion of each leg portion 8. Fixing plates 12 are fastened by bolts 14, nuts 15, and the like at a plurality of locations (here, 2 locations) of the bottom plate 9.
[0037]
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, an outer cylinder 13 as a fixing portion is passed through each fixing plate 12 and is fixed by welding or the like. A part of each outer cylinder 13 is provided with a notch 16 along the circumferential direction. Bolts 17 are passed through the outer cylinders 13 and fastened by nuts 18. The bolt 17 passes through the axis of the outer cylinder 13 and is substantially parallel to the rail 5. An inner cylinder 19 is rotatably accommodated in each outer cylinder 13. The inner cylinder 19 is always urged downward by a compression spring 21 interposed between the inner cylinder 19 and the bolt 17. An operation lever 22 as an operation member is fixed to the inner cylinder 19. The operation lever 22 is exposed from the outer cylinder 13 through the notch 16, and is exposed to the outside (opposing leg 8 side) from the case 11 through the opening 23 provided in the side wall 11a of the case 11 (FIG. 4). The operation lever 22 rotates between a lock position indicated by a solid line and a release position indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIGS.
[0038]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, the outer cylinder 13 and the inner cylinder 19 are provided with a shaft member 24 as a movable portion so as to be able to reciprocate in the vertical direction and to be rotatable. More specifically, a male screw 24 a is formed on the lower outer periphery of the shaft member 24 and is screwed into a female screw 19 a formed on the inner periphery of the lower half of the inner cylinder 19. The shaft member 24 penetrates the inner cylinder 19 and the outer cylinder 13, and has a locking portion 24b at the lower end thereof. The width W of the locking part 24b is slightly narrower than the distance d1 between the two bent parts 6, and the length L is slightly longer than the distance d2 between the inner walls 5a (see FIG. 2A).
[0039]
The inner cylinder 19, the bolt 17, the compression spring 21, the male screw 24a, and the female screw 19a constitute a detaching mechanism A. One of the functions of the attachment / detachment mechanism A is to transmit the movement of the operation lever 22 to the shaft member 24 so that the engaging portion 24b enters and retracts into the rail 5 and the engaging portion 24b and the outer cylinder 13 intersecting the rail 5 are used. Is brought into pressure contact with the bent portion 6 and sandwiched from above and below, and the leg portion 8 is locked to the rail 5. Another function is to release the locking portion 24b from between both bent portions 6 by releasing the locking portion 24b from the outer cylinder 13 and releasing the locking portion 24b from the bent portions 6 by releasing the lock of the leg portion 8 by making the locking portion 24b substantially parallel to the rail 5. Is to do. In order to perform these functions, the locking portion 24b needs to rotate and move up and down, but the detaching mechanism A uses friction at the threaded portion to respond to the operation of the operation lever 22. The rotation of the cylinder 19 is transmitted to the shaft member 24 so that they are integrally rotated. Further, the detaching mechanism A stops the rotation of the shaft member 24 and moves the shaft member 24 in the axial direction by using the action of a screw accompanying the rotation of the inner cylinder 19.
[0040]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a notch 25 is provided in the upper portion of the inner cylinder 19 along the circumferential direction. A first protrusion 26 is provided on the outer periphery of the shaft member 24, and a second protrusion 27 is provided on the upper end. The first protrusion 26 is formed by one end of a pin 28 that is driven into the shaft member 24 and exposed from the outer peripheral surface thereof, and is disposed in the notch 25. The notch 25 and the first protrusion 26 constitute a rotation transmission unit. Due to the rotation of the inner cylinder 19, the wall surfaces 25 a and 25 b of the notch 25 come into contact with the first protrusion 26 and the shaft member 24 is forced to rotate. The second protrusion 27 is formed by an upper end portion of a pin that is driven into the shaft member 24 and exposed from the upper surface thereof. Further, in the bolt 17 described above, the part corresponding to the movement path of the second protrusion 27 also serves as a rotation prevention part, and comes into contact with the second protrusion 27 when the lock is released by the attachment / detachment mechanism A, and the rail 5 The locking portion 24b that has become substantially parallel is prevented from further rotating and becoming in an intersecting state.
[0041]
Next, the operation and effect of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described. 5 to 7 show a state in which the leg portion 8 is locked to the rail 5 by the rotation operation of each operation lever 22 to the lock position. In this state, the locking portion 24b obliquely intersects the rail 5, and is in contact with the inner wall 5a at the corner. In addition, the locking portion 24b is in pressure contact with the lower surfaces of the two bent portions 6, and firmly holds the bent portions 6 from above and below together with the lower end portion of the outer cylinder 13. For this reason, the leg portion 8 cannot slide with respect to the rail 5 and cannot fall off. The first protrusion 26 is in an intermediate position away from the wall surfaces 25 a and 25 b of the notch 25, and the second protrusion 27 is in an intermediate position away from the bolt 17.
[0042]
In order to remove the seat 7 from the rail 5, all the operation levers 22 are turned from the lock position to the release position. By this rotation, the shaft member 24 is slightly lowered by the action of the screw, and the inner cylinder 19 starts to rotate in the same direction together with the shaft member 24. During the rotation of the operation lever 22, the second protrusion 27 hits the bolt 17, and further rotation of the shaft member 24 is prevented. At this time, the locking portion 24 b is substantially parallel to the rail 5. Further, when the operation lever 22 is turned to the release position, the shaft member 24 that is prevented from turning is lowered by the action of the screw and separated from the bent portion 6. If the seat 7 is slid along the rail 5 in this state, the position of the seat 7 can be adjusted. Moreover, if the latching | locking part 24b is extracted through both the bending parts 6 by raising the whole seat 7 or inclining, the leg part 8 will remove | deviate from the rail 5. FIG.
[0043]
On the contrary, when the seat 7 is attached to the rail 5, or when the slid seat 7 is locked to the rail 5, all the operation levers 22 are turned from the release position to the lock position. Then, the inner cylinder 19 rotates in the same direction with the shaft member 24. When the operation lever 22 is turned about 45 ° and reaches an intermediate position between the lock position and the release position, the corners of the locking portions 24b come into contact with the inner walls 5a. When the operation lever 22 is further rotated toward the lock position, the inner cylinder 19 continues to rotate, whereas the shaft member 24 that is prevented from rotating is raised by the action of a screw. The bent portion 6 is sandwiched between the outer cylinder 13 and the locking portion 24b. When the operation lever 22 reaches the lock position, the leg portion 8 is completely locked to the rail 5 and cannot slide or fall off.
[0044]
Incidentally, there may be a situation where foreign matter such as dust is contained in the rail 5 and the rotation of the shaft member 24 is hindered. In this case, even if the operation lever 22 is rotated, the shaft member 24 does not rotate integrally with the inner cylinder 19 at first, but moves up and down by the action of a screw. However, for example, when the operation lever 22 in the locked position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 8A is rotated to the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in the same figure, one wall surface 25a of the notch 25 is moved to the first protrusion 26. To touch. Further, when the operation lever 22 is turned, the first protrusion 26 is pushed by the wall surface 25a, and the shaft member 24 is forcibly turned. When the operation lever 22 reaches the release position shown in FIG. 8B, the locking portion 24b becomes substantially parallel to the rail 5. For this reason, the latching | locking part 24b can be extracted through between the both bending parts 6. FIG.
[0045]
Contrary to the above, when the operation lever 22 located at the release position indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 4 is rotated to the position shown in FIG. 8C, the other wall surface 25b of the notch 25 becomes the first protrusion. 26 is contacted. Further, when the operation lever 22 is rotated, the first protrusion 26 is pushed by the wall surface 25b, and the shaft member 24 is forcibly rotated. When the operation lever 22 reaches the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 4, the locking portion 24 b intersects the rail 5. For this reason, the bent portion 6 can be sandwiched between the locking portion 24 b and the outer cylinder 13, and the leg portion 8 can be locked to the rail 5.
[0046]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, by simply performing the simple operation of rotating the operation lever 22, the both bent portions 6 are connected to the outer cylinder 13 by crossing the locking portion 24 b with the rail 5. It is possible to pinch them or make the locking portion 24b substantially parallel to the rail 5 so that it can be pulled out from between the bent portions 6. For this reason, the leg portion 8 can be locked to the rail 5 or unlocked without using a dedicated tool. The seat 7 can be attached to or removed from the floor of the bus in a short time.
[0047]
The present embodiment has the following characteristics in addition to the matters described above.
(A) The detachment mechanism A is configured with a small number of parts such as the inner cylinder 19, the bolt 17, and the compression spring 21, and the shaft member 24 is screwed into the inner cylinder 19. It can be rotated integrally or vertically.
[0048]
(B) The inner cylinder 19 is provided with a notch 25, the shaft member 24 is provided with a first protrusion 26, and the first protrusion 26 is disposed in the notch 25. For this reason, even if there is a foreign object in the rail 5, the wall surface 25 a of the notch 25 comes into contact with the first protrusion 26 in accordance with the operation of the operation lever 22, so that the rotation of the inner cylinder 19 is applied to the shaft member 24. Reliable transmission. Accordingly, the locking portion 24b can be set to a desired angle.
[0049]
(C) A second protrusion 27 is provided at the upper end of the shaft member 24, and the bolt 17 is laid over the outer cylinder 13. For this reason, when operating the operation lever 22 toward the unlocking position, the locking portion 24b can be reliably made substantially parallel to the rail 5 by bringing the second protrusion 27 into contact with the bolt 17. .
[0050]
(Second Embodiment)
  Next, 2nd Embodiment which actualized this invention is described according to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 12, in this embodiment, a rail 31 of a type different from that of the first embodiment is used. In this rail 31, both bent portions34In addition, a substantially semicircular recess 32 is formed at regular intervals in the length direction, and a locking hole 33 is constituted by a pair of opposing recesses 32 and a space therebetween.
[0051]
As shown in FIGS. 11, 12, and 14, the legs of the seat 7 include a front leg 36 that supports the front part of the seat frame 35, a rear leg 37 that supports the rear part, and lower ends of the front leg 36 and the rear leg 37. And a connecting rod 38 for connecting the two. The connecting rod 38 is placed on the rail 31 when the seat 7 is attached. A retaining stud 39 as a fixing portion is screwed to a nut 41 fixed to a predetermined portion (for example, both end portions) of the bottom portion of the connecting rod 38. A locking portion 39 a having a slightly smaller diameter than the locking hole 33 is formed at the lower end of the stud 39. A mounting plate 42 is stretched over the connecting rod 38, and the bottom of the case 43 is fastened to the mounting plate 42 with bolts 44, nuts 45, and the like.
[0052]
As shown in FIGS. 12-14, the outer cylinder 46 penetrates the bottom part of the case 43, and both are being fixed by welding. In the outer peripheral portion of the outer cylinder 46, a long hole-shaped guide portion 47 is formed at a location that is point-symmetric with respect to the axis. The guide portion 47 may have a groove shape instead of the long hole shape. Most of the guide portion 47 intersects with the bus on the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder at a constant angle, but the lower end is substantially orthogonal to the bus.
[0053]
A fixing stud 48 as a movable part is accommodated in the outer cylinder 46 so as to be reciprocable in the vertical direction and rotatable. The fixing stud 48 is formed to have a slightly smaller diameter than the locking hole 33, and can be inserted into and removed from the locking hole 33 along with the reciprocating motion. A pair of driven projections 49 are provided on the outer periphery of the fixing stud 48, and these are slidably inserted into both guide portions 47. Here, both driven projections 49 are constituted by both end portions of the pin 50 penetrating through the fixing stud 48 and exposed from the outer peripheral surface thereof and entering both the guide portions 47. The structure in which the guide portion 47 is provided on the outer cylinder 46 and the driven protrusion 49 is inserted corresponds to what is generally called a cylindrical cam. The fixing stud 48 is always urged downward by a compression spring 51 interposed between the fixing stud 48 and the top plate portion 43 a of the case 43.
[0054]
A support member 52 is fixed to the upper portion of the fixing stud 48 via a rod 53. A rotating body 54 is supported by a shaft 55 in the support member 52. Lower support fittings 56F and 56R are fixed to the front and rear of the case 43, respectively. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a support shaft 58 is fixed to a part of the seat frame 35, for example, an intermediate frame portion 57 provided at an intermediate portion in the width direction, and a cylindrical member 59 is rotatable on the outer side. It is put on. An operation lever 61 and a connection member 62 as operation members are fixed to the cylindrical member 59. The operation lever 61 has a support shaft 58 as a fulcrum, and can rotate between a lock position indicated by a solid line in FIG. 10 and a release position indicated by a two-dot chain line. The operation lever 61 is lower than the upper surface of the intermediate frame portion 57 at the lock position, and is substantially upright at the release position.
[0055]
Upper support fittings 64F and 64R are fixed to the vicinity of the cylindrical member 59, for example, the front frame portion 63 and the intermediate frame portion 57. Both ends of a guide tube 66 having a locking wire 65 are fastened to the front upper support fitting 64F and the front lower support fitting 56F. Similarly, both ends of a guide tube 68 having a lock release wire 67 are fastened to the rear upper support fitting 64R and the rear lower support fitting 56R. The upper ends of the locking wire 65 and the unlocking wire 67 are locked to the connecting member 62, and the lower ends are locked to the rotating body 54.
[0056]
And the above-mentioned guide part 47, driven protrusion 49, support member 52, rod 53, rotating body 54, shaft 55, upper and lower support brackets 64F, 64R, 56F, 56R, connection member 62, lock wire 65, guide tube Desorption mechanism A is constituted by 66 and 68 and the unlocking wire 67. One of the functions of the detaching mechanism A is that, when locked, the fixing stud 48 is inserted into the rail 31 through the locking hole 33 and pressed against the bottom 31a, and the locking portion 39a is connected to the bent portions 34. It is to press. Another function is to pull out the fixing stud 48 from the locking hole 33 when releasing the lock. Further, the support member 52, rod 53, rotating body 54, shaft 55, upper and lower support brackets 64F, 64R, 56F, 56R, connection member 62, locking wire 65, guide tubes 66, 68, unlocking in the detaching mechanism A A first transmission portion is configured by the wire 67, and the operation of the operation lever 61 is converted into a rotational motion by this first transmission portion and transmitted to the fixing stud 48.
[0057]
Next, the operation and effect of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described. FIG. 11 shows a state in which the lock of the leg portion with respect to the rail 31 is released by rotating the operation lever 61 to the release position indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 10. In this state, the locking portions 39 a of all the retaining studs 39 are located below the locking holes 33. The fixing stud 48 is retracted, and its lower end surface is located above the rail 31. For this reason, when the seat 7 is lifted, the retaining stud 39 comes out of the locking hole 33.
[0058]
Further, the entire seat is slid along the rail 31 from the unlocked state as shown in FIG. By this slide, the locking portion 39 a is shifted from the locking hole 33 and positioned between the adjacent recesses 32, and the fixing stud 48 is positioned above the predetermined locking hole 33. When the operation lever 61 is operated toward the lock position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 10, the rotation is transmitted to the fixing stud 48 via the lock wire 65, the rotating body 54, the shaft 55, the support member 52, and the rod 53. The The fixing stud 48 tries to rotate, but the driven protrusion 49 can move only along the guide portion 47. Therefore, the fixing stud 48 descends while rotating according to the operation of the operation lever 61, and enters the locking hole 33. Due to this penetration, the movement of the fixing stud 48, particularly the movement in the length direction of the rail 31, is restricted by the wall surface of the locking hole 33.
[0059]
  Even after the fixing stud 48 comes into contact with the bottom 31a of the rail 31, if the operating lever 61 is operated in the same direction, the fixing stud 48 tends to further descend. However, since the fixing stud 48 is in contact with the bottom portion 31a and cannot be lowered any more, conversely, members other than the fixing stud 48 are pushed up in the seat 7,Of retaining stud 39The locking portion 39a contacts both the bent portions 34. When the operation lever 61 reaches the locked position, the fixing stud 48 is pressed against the bottom 31a,Of retaining stud 39The locking portion 39a is in pressure contact with both bent portions 34. The pressure contact and the wall surface of the locking hole 33 restrict the movement of the fixing stud 48, so that the leg portion is firmly locked to the rail 31, so that it cannot slide and cannot fall off.
[0060]
In order to change from the locked state to the unlocked state, the operation lever 61 in the locked position is rotated toward the released position. In response to this operation, each unit operates in the opposite manner. That is, when the unlocking wire 67 is pulled and the driven protrusion 49 moves along the guide portion 47, the fixing stud 48 is raised while rotating in the opposite direction. With this rise, the retaining stud 39 is lowered, and the pressure contact force against the bottom 31a and both bent portions 34 of both studs 48, 39 is weakened. When the fixing stud 48 comes out of the locking hole 33, it is possible to slide or remove the leg portion along the rail 31.
[0061]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the fixing stud 48 is pressed against the bottom portion 31 a only by operating the operation lever 61, the locking portion 39 a is pressed against the bent portion 34, and the leg portion is locked to the rail 31. In addition, when the operation lever 61 is operated in the reverse direction, the pressure contact force is weakened and the lock is released. Therefore, similarly to the first embodiment, the leg portion can be locked to the rail 31 or unlocked without using a dedicated tool. The seat 7 can be attached to or removed from the vehicle floor in a short time. Furthermore, since the locks of the legs 8 with respect to all the rails 31 can be released simply by operating one operating lever 61, the number of operations for releasing can be reduced. In addition, when removing the leg from the rail 31, it is necessary to raise the operation lever 61 to the release position, but this operation cannot be performed unless the seat is removed. Therefore, there is no possibility that the operation lever 61 is erroneously operated by a passenger or the like.
[0062]
(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, a plate cam 71 is used in place of the guide portion 47 and the driven projection 49 in order to reciprocate the fixing stud 48. The other configuration is the same as that of the second embodiment. Accordingly, the same members as those in the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0063]
In the outer cylinder 46 fixed to the bottom of the case 43, a notch 72 is made in parallel to the axis at a location facing the axis across the axis. A fixing stud 48 as a movable portion is accommodated in the outer cylinder 46 so as to be reciprocable in the vertical direction. A pin 73 is passed through the upper portion of the fixing stud 48. Both ends of the pin 73 exposed from the outer peripheral surface of the fixing stud 48 enter the notch 72. A compression spring 74 as an elastic member is interposed between the stepped portion 46 a in the outer cylinder 46 and both ends of the pin 73, and the fixing stud 48 is always urged upward via the pin 73. Yes.
[0064]
A plate cam 71 is disposed in the outer cylinder 46 in a state where the plate cam 71 is passed through at least one notch 72, and a shaft 75 is inserted through the outer cylinder 46 and a portion off the center of the plate cam 71. The plate cam 71 is fastened to the shaft 75 by screws 76. Accordingly, the plate cam 71 can rotate with respect to the outer cylinder 46 integrally with the shaft 75. The upper surface of the fixing stud 48 urged by the compression spring 74 is always in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the plate cam 71. A support member 52 is attached to one end portion of the shaft 75 exposed from the outer cylinder 46 so as to be integrally rotatable and cannot be detached by a split pin 77. A rotating body 54 is supported in the support member 52 by a shaft 55, and a lock wire 65 and a lock release wire 67 are engaged with the rotary member 54.
[0065]
And the above-mentioned notch 72, pin 73, compression spring 74, plate cam 71, shaft 75, support member 52, rotating body 54, shaft 55, upper and lower support brackets 64F, 64R, 56F, 56R, connection member 62, wire 65 , 67 and guide tubes 66, 68 constitute a detaching mechanism A. Further, the shaft 75, the support member 52, the rotating body 54, the shaft 55, the upper and lower support fittings 64F, 64R, 56F, 56R, the connection member 62, the wires 65, 67, and the guide tubes 66, 68 in the attachment / detachment mechanism A are second. A transmission portion is configured, and by this second transmission portion, the operation of the operation lever 61 is converted into a rotational motion and transmitted to the plate cam 71, and the fixing stud 48 is reciprocated against the compression spring 74 by the rotation. I try to let them.
[0066]
Therefore, according to 3rd Embodiment, there exists an effect | action and effect similar to 2nd Embodiment. The difference from the second embodiment is the operation of the fixing stud 48. That is, when the operation lever 61 is operated, the rotation is transmitted to the plate cam 71 via the wires 65 and 67, the rotating body 54, the shaft 55, the support member 52, and the shaft 75. The plate cam 71 rotates integrally with the shaft 75, and the contact location of the plate cam 71 with the fixing stud 48 changes. As the distance between the contact point and the shaft 75 increases, the downward movement amount of the fixing stud 48 increases. When the operation lever 61 is operated to the release position, the distance is shortened, and the fixing stud 48 is located at the uppermost position as shown by the solid line in FIG. On the contrary, when the operation lever 61 is operated to the locked position, the distance becomes the maximum, and the fixing stud 48 is located at the lowest position as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 17 and presses against the bottom 31 a of the rail 31. . Thus, although the fixing stud 48 does not rotate, the same operation as the fixing stud 48 of the second embodiment is performed.
[0067]
(Fourth embodiment)
Next, 4th Embodiment which actualized this invention is described according to FIGS. In addition, about the member similar to 1st-3rd embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0068]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 21, a rail 81 having a pair of bent portions 82 at the upper end portion is used. A seat positioning mark (not shown) is attached to a predetermined location on the upper surface of the bent portion 82. Concave portions 83 are formed at opposite portions of the bent portions 82, and an insertion / removal hole 84 is constituted by the concave portions 83 and the space between them. Locking recesses 85 are provided at a plurality of locations at the bottom of the rail 81. Here, a plurality of round holes are formed as each locking recess 85, but the number, shape, size, and the like can be changed as appropriate. Moreover, it is preferable that the latching recessed part 85 is provided for every fixed interval. In FIG. 21, the rail is divided into two stages, but it is actually located on the same line. Further, 86 in FIG. 21 is an insertion hole for passing a bolt when the rail 81 is laid.
[0069]
As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the leg portion of the seat includes a front leg 36, a rear leg (not shown), and a connecting rod 38 that connects the lower ends thereof. A retaining stud 39 is screwed onto the nut 41 fixed to both ends of the connecting rod 38 (only the front end is shown in FIG. 18). In the connecting rod 38, a case 87 is fastened to a middle portion of the front and rear retaining studs 39 by bolts 88, nuts 89, and the like.
[0070]
As shown in FIGS. 18 to 20, a fixing stud 91 as a movable portion is disposed on the leg portion including the case 87 and the connecting rod 38 so as to be reciprocable in the vertical direction. The fixing stud 91 includes an operating portion 92, a main body portion 93 fixed to the bottom portion thereof, and a guide portion 94 fixed to the upper portion of the operating portion 92. The operating portion 92 is disposed between the side plates 95 of the case 87. An upper transmission pin 96 is installed on the upper part of the operating part 92, and a lower transmission pin 97 is installed on the lower part. These upper and lower transmission pins 96 and 97 constitute a third transmission unit.
[0071]
The guide portion 94 is inserted through a hole 87 a formed in the upper portion of the case 87. The main body 93 is formed to be thinner than the gap between the two bent portions 82, is inserted into the hole 38 a formed in the connecting rod 38, and is inserted into the rail 81 through the two bent portions 82. The wall surfaces of the holes 38a and 87a restrict the movement of the fixing stud 91 in a direction other than the vertical movement direction (front-rear direction and left-right direction). A locking projection 98 that enters and exits the locking recess 85 of the rail 81 is formed in the lower portion of the main body 93 along with the reciprocating motion.
[0072]
A spring holder 99 is fixed to an upper portion of the case 87, and a coil spring 101 is mounted around the spring holder 99. The coil spring 101 is compressed between the upper portion of the case 87 and the upper transmission pin 96, and always urges the fixing stud 91 downward via the transmission pin 96. A shaft 102 is rotatably supported on both side plates 95. A pin 103 is passed through an end portion of the shaft 102 protruding from the side plate 95 on one side (right side in FIG. 19). In addition to the legs, an operation lever 104 as an operation member is prepared. The operation lever 104 can be attached to the shaft 102 by covering the shaft 102 with the tip portion of the operation lever 104 being engaged with the notch 104 a at the tip portion of the operation lever 104.
[0073]
A plate cam 105 disposed between both side plates 95 is attached to the shaft 102 so as to be integrally rotatable. The plate cam 105 rotates to apply a pushing force to the fixing stud 91 via the upper transmission pin 96 or to apply a pushing force to the fixing stud 91 via the lower transmission pin 97. Then, when the plate cam 105 rotates to the second angle indicated by the solid line in FIG. 18, the locking projection 98 comes out of the locking recess 85. On the other hand, when the plate cam 105 is rotated to the first angle indicated by the two-dot chain line, the locking projection 98 is pressed against the bottom surface of the locking recess 85, and the retaining stud 39 is pressed against both bent portions 82. .
[0074]
In the case 87, a first holding part for holding the plate cam 105 at the first angle and a second holding part for holding at the second angle are provided. As shown in FIG. 23, the first holding part includes a lower stopper 106 and a first recess 107. The lower stopper 106 is composed of a pin erected on the lower side of the both side plates 95. When the plate cam 105 reaches the first angle, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 23, the plate cam 105 approaches or contacts the lower stopper 106. The first recess 107 is formed on the outer periphery of the plate cam 105, and engages the lower transmission pin 97 from above when the plate cam 105 reaches the first angle.
[0075]
As shown in FIG. 22, the second holding portion includes an upper stopper 108 and a second recess 109. The upper stopper 108 is composed of a pin erected on the upper part of both side plates 95. When the plate cam 105 reaches the second angle, it approaches or contacts the upper stopper 108. The second recess 109 is formed on the outer periphery of the plate cam 105, and engages with the upper transmission pin 96 from below when the plate cam 105 reaches the second angle. The shaft 102, the plate cam 105, the third transmission part (upper and lower transmission pins 96 and 97), the first holding part (lower stopper 106, first recess 107), and the second holding part (upper stopper 108, first The desorption mechanism A is constituted by the two recesses 109). Note that reference numeral 111 in FIG. 19 denotes a cover that covers the detachment mechanism A.
[0076]
Next, the operation and effect of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described. When the leg is attached to the rail 81, the plate cam 105 is set at the second angle by using, for example, the operation lever 104 (see FIGS. 18 and 22). In this state, the urging force of the coil spring 101 is applied to the plate cam 105 via the upper transmission pin 96. However, the second recess 109 is engaged with the upper transmission pin 96 from below. Further, the plate cam 105 is in contact with or close to the upper stopper 108 and is prevented from rotating counterclockwise. Therefore, the plate cam 105 does not rotate to the second angle unless an external force large enough to allow the second recess 109 to get over the upper transmission pin 96 is applied to the plate cam 105 by operating the operation lever 104 or the like. Retained.
[0077]
The retaining stud 39 is inserted into the rail 81 through the insertion / removal hole 84, and the lower portion of the fixing stud 91 is inserted into the rail 81 through the bent portions 82, so that the connecting rod 38 is placed on the rail 81. Put. In this state, since the locking projection 98 is positioned higher than the locking recess 85, the movement of the locking projection 98 is not limited by the locking recess 85.
[0078]
Next, the entire seat is slid in a desired direction while the connecting rod 38 is in contact with both bent portions 82. The position of the seat is adjusted using the marks on the rail 81 as a guide. By this alignment, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 18, the locking projection 98 is positioned above the locking recess 85 at the desired location. Subsequently, the operation lever 104 is rotated about the shaft 102, and the plate cam 105 is rotated clockwise in FIGS. As the plate cam 105 rotates, the second recess 109 gets over the upper transmission pin 96. Thereafter, the upper transmission pin 96 that is urged downward by the coil spring 101 and is in contact with the plate cam 105 is lowered while following the rotation of the plate cam 105. That is, the entire fixing stud 91 is lowered. With this downward movement, the locking projection 98 enters the locking recess 85. In this state, the movement of the locking projection 98 is restricted by the wall surface of the locking recess 85. By the lowering, the locking protrusion 98 comes into contact with the bottom surface of the locking recess 85 as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. At this time, as indicated by a solid line in FIG. 23, the plate cam 105 contacts the lower transmission pin 97 at a location different from the first recess 107.
[0079]
When the operation lever 104 is continuously operated to rotate the plate cam 105 in the clockwise direction, the fixing stud 91 is further lowered. However, since the locking projection 98 is in contact with the bottom surface of the locking recess 85 and cannot be lowered any further, the connecting rod 38 is pushed up, and the locking portion 39a of the retaining stud 39 is bent into both bent portions. 82 is contacted. Further, when the fixing stud 91 is lowered as the operation lever 104 is operated, the locking projection 98 comes into pressure contact with the bottom surface of the locking recess 85, and the locking portion 39 a comes into pressure contact with both bent portions 82. As described above, the movement of the locking projection 98 may be restricted by the wall surface of the locking recess 85, and the fixing stud 91 is bent in both the length direction and the width direction of the rail 81. It becomes a state which cannot move also in the thickness direction of 82. In this way, the leg portion is firmly locked to the rail 81.
[0080]
When the plate cam 105 further rotates, the first recess 107 engages with the lower transmission pin 97 from above, as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. At this time, the plate cam 105 is in contact with or close to the lower stopper 106, and further clockwise rotation is prevented. Therefore, the plate cam 105 does not rotate to the first angle unless an external force large enough to allow the first recess 107 to get over the lower transmission pin 97 is applied to the plate cam 105 by operating the operation lever 104 or the like. Retained.
[0081]
On the other hand, when unlocking, the operation lever 104 is operated in the opposite direction. As the plate cam 105 rotates, the first recess 107 gets over the lower transmission pin 97. Thereafter, the upper transmission pin 96 urged downward by the coil spring 101 and in contact with the plate cam 105 is pushed up as the plate cam 105 rotates. That is, the whole fixing stud 91 rises. As this rises, the pressing force of the locking projection 98 against the locking recess 85 is weakened, and the pressing force of the retaining stud 39 on both bent portions 82 is weakened. During the ascending of the fixing stud 91 in accordance with the operation of the operation lever 104, the locking projection 98 is separated from the bottom surface of the locking recess 85, and comes out of the locking recess 85 as shown by a solid line in FIG.
[0082]
As shown in FIG. 22, the second recess 109 engages with the upper transmission pin 96 from below. At this time, the plate cam 105 is in contact with or close to the upper stopper 108, and further counterclockwise rotation is prevented. The plate cam 105 is held at the second angle by the engagement with the upper transmission pins 96 and the rotation restriction of the upper stopper 108. At this time, as described above, since the locking projection 98 has come out of the locking recess 85, the entire seat can be slid in a desired direction while the connecting rod 38 is in contact with both bent portions 82. it can. Further, if the retaining stud 39 is aligned with the insertion / removal hole 84 by this slide, the stud 39 can be extracted from the insertion / removal hole 84 and the entire seat can be removed from the rail 81.
[0083]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, just by performing a simple operation of attaching the operation lever 104 to the shaft 102 and performing a rotation operation, the seat 81 can be moved in a short time as in the first embodiment. Can be attached to or removed from. This is important in changing the cabin space by changing the seat arrangement according to the purpose of use. In addition, since the operation lever 104 is separated from the attachment / detachment mechanism A and is attached to the shaft 102 only when the attachment / detachment operation is performed, there is no possibility that the lock is erroneously released by a passenger or the like. Further, the fixing stud 91 can be reciprocated with a very simple configuration of the shaft 102, the plate cam 105, and the third transmission portion. Further, the first holding portion and the second holding portion can prevent the plate cam 105 from inadvertently rotating when the operation lever 104 is not operated.
[0084]
In addition, this invention is applicable not only to a bus | bath but to the seat of various vehicles, such as a railway vehicle, an aircraft, and a ship.
[0085]
【The invention's effect】
  As aboveBookAccording to the present invention, the seat can be attached to or detached from the vehicle rail in a short time by simply performing a simple operation, and the cabin space can be changed in various ways by changing the arrangement of the seats according to the purpose of use.
[0086]
  AlsoDepending on the operation of the operation member, the locking part crosses the rail and the bent part is sandwiched between the fixed part, or the locking part is substantially parallel to the rail and is extracted from between the two bent parts. To be possible,the aboveThe effect of the invention can be reliably achieved.
[0087]
  Also, Reciprocating and rotating the locking part with a simple configurationAlso becomes possible.
[0088]
  AlsoEven if there is a foreign object in the rail, the rotation of the inner cylinder is reliably transmitted to the shaft member, and the locking portion is set to a desired angle.Also becomes possible.
[0089]
  AlsoWhen operating the operation member in the unlocking direction, make sure that the locking part is in a substantially parallel state with respect to the rail.Also becomes possible.
[0090]
  AlsoBy simply operating the operating member, the fixing stud is pressed against the bottom of the rail, the retaining stud is pressed against the bent portion, the leg is locked to the rail, and the operation member is operated in the reverse direction by operating the operating member. The pressure contact force is weakened and the lock is released.,the aboveThe effect of can be reliably produced.
[0091]
  Also, Reciprocating the fixing stud with a very simple structure of guide and driven projectionAlso becomes possible.
[0092]
  AlsoReciprocating the fixing stud with a very simple structure of elastic member and plate camAlso becomes possible.
[0093]
  Also, By moving the locking protrusion into the locking recess and press-contacting it, the movement of the fixing stud can be prevented, and the legs can be locked more firmly.Also becomes possible.
[0094]
  AlsoReciprocating the fixing stud with a very simple structure of shaft, plate cam and third transmission partAlso becomes possible.
[0095]
  Also, Prevent the plate cam from rotating when the operation member is not operated, and prevent the leg from being unlocked accidentallyAlso becomes possible.
[0096]
  AlsoThe plate cam is prevented from rotating when the operation member is not operated, and the leg can be slid with respect to the rail.Also becomes possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a state in which a seat is attached to a rail in a first embodiment embodying the present invention.
2A is a partial perspective view showing a lower portion of a leg portion of a seat, and FIG. 2B is a perspective view showing a case of the leg portion.
FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing an internal structure of the case.
FIG. 4 is a partial plan sectional view showing the internal structure of the case.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a detaching mechanism incorporated in the case.
7 is an exploded perspective view of the detaching mechanism of FIG. 6. FIG.
FIGS. 8A to 8C are partial plan sectional views for explaining the relationship between the first protrusion and the notch when the operation lever is rotated.
FIG. 9 is a plan view in which a part of the seat frame in the second embodiment is omitted.
10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY in FIG.
FIG. 11 is a side view of a leg portion.
FIG. 12 is a partial perspective view of the detaching mechanism.
13 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 12. FIG.
FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part of the detaching mechanism with a part omitted.
FIG. 15 is a partial perspective view showing the detaching mechanism in the third embodiment.
16 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 15. FIG.
FIG. 17 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the detaching mechanism.
FIG. 18 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a desorption mechanism according to a fourth embodiment.
19 is a sectional view taken along line ZZ in FIG.
FIG. 20 is an exploded perspective view of the detaching mechanism.
FIG. 21 is a partial perspective view showing the relationship among rails, connecting rods, fixing studs, and the like.
FIG. 22 is a partial cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the desorption mechanism.
FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the desorption mechanism.
[Explanation of symbols]
5,31,81 rail
6, 34, 82 Folding part
7 seats
8 legs
13 outer cylinder
17 volts
19 Inner cylinder
22, 61, 104 Operation lever
24 Shaft member
24b Locking part
25 Notch
25a, 25b wall surface
26 First protrusion
27 Second protrusion
31a The bottom of the rail
32,83 recess
33 Locking hole
39 Stud for retaining
47 Guide section
48,91 Stud for fixing
49 Driven protrusion
71,105 plate cam
74 Compression spring
75,102 axes
84 Insertion and removal holes
85 Locking recess
96 Upper transmission pin
97 Lower transmission pin
98 Locking protrusion
106 Lower stopper
107 First recess
108 Upper stopper
109 Second recess
A Desorption mechanism

Claims

In the structure for detachably attaching the legs of the vehicle seat to the rail having a pair of bent portions at the ends,
An operation member;
A fixed part and a movable part provided in the leg part;
The movement of the operation member is transmitted to the movable part, the movable part is reciprocated in the thickness direction of the bent part, and the movable part and the fixed part are pressed against and separated from the rail, thereby moving the movable part and the fixed part against the rail. Detachable mechanism for locking and releasing
With
And,
The movable part is composed of a shaft member that is reciprocally movable and rotatable on the fixed part, and has a locking part at an end part thereof,
The desorption mechanism crosses the locking portion with respect to the rail at the time of locking, sandwiches the bent portion between the locking portion and the fixing portion, and at the time of unlocking, makes the locking portion substantially parallel to the rail, It is possible to extract from between both bent parts,
And,
The desorption mechanism is
Including an inner cylinder rotatably accommodated in the fixed portion and screwed to the outside of the shaft member;
During rotation of the shaft member, the rotation of the inner cylinder according to the operation of the operation member is transmitted to the shaft member to rotate them integrally.
At the time of reciprocating movement of the shaft member, the rotation of the shaft member is stopped, and the shaft member is moved in the axial direction using the action of the screw accompanying the rotation of the inner cylinder,
And,
A notch provided in the inner cylinder along the circumferential direction;
A first protrusion provided on an outer periphery of the shaft member and disposed in the notch;
And a rotation transmitting portion for forcibly rotating the shaft member when the wall surface of the notch comes into contact with the first protrusion as the inner cylinder rotates. Detachable structure for the vehicle seat.

In the structure of detachably attaching the legs of the vehicle seat to the rail having a pair of bent portions at the end,
An operation member;
A fixed part and a movable part provided in the leg part;
The movement of the operating member is transmitted to the movable part, the movable part is reciprocated in the thickness direction of the bent part, and the movable part and the fixed part are pressed against and separated from the rail, thereby moving the movable part and the fixed part against the rail. Detachable mechanism for locking and releasing
With
And,
The movable part is a shaft member that is provided in the fixed part so as to be capable of reciprocating and rotating, and having an engaging part at an end part thereof,
The desorption mechanism crosses the locking portion with the rail at the time of locking, sandwiches the bent portion between the locking portion and the fixing portion, and at the time of unlocking, makes the locking portion substantially parallel to the rail, It is possible to extract from between both bent parts,
And,
The desorption mechanism is
Including an inner cylinder rotatably accommodated in the fixed portion and screwed to the outside of the shaft member;
During rotation of the shaft member, the rotation of the inner cylinder according to the operation of the operation member is transmitted to the shaft member to rotate them integrally.
When the shaft member reciprocates, the rotation of the shaft member is stopped, and the action of the screw accompanying the rotation of the inner cylinder is prevented. It is used to move the shaft member in the axial direction,
And,
A second protrusion provided at an end of the shaft member;
In the fixing portion, a locking portion which is provided in a movement path of the second protrusion and comes into contact with the second protrusion due to the unlocking by the detaching mechanism and is substantially parallel to the rail further rotates. A rotation blocking unit for blocking the crossing state and
A vehicle seat detaching structure, further comprising:

In the structure of detachably attaching the legs of the vehicle seat to the rail having a pair of bent portions at the end,
An operation member;
A fixed part and a movable part provided in the leg part;
The movement of the operating member is transmitted to the movable part, the movable part is reciprocated in the thickness direction of the bent part, and the movable part and the fixed part are pressed against and separated from the rail, thereby moving the movable part and the fixed part against the rail. Detachable mechanism for locking and releasing
With
And,
The rail has a number of locking holes in the length direction, each of which has a concave portion formed at a location where the two bent portions face each other.
The fixing portion includes a retaining stud that is inserted into the rail through the locking hole and can be locked to both bent portions,
The movable portion is inserted into an outer cylinder fixed to the leg portion so as to be reciprocally movable, and is composed of a fixing stud that enters and retracts into the rail through the locking hole by the reciprocating motion,
When the locking mechanism is locked, the fixing stud is inserted into the rail and pressed against the bottom, and the retaining stud is pressed against both bent parts, and the locking stud is retracted when unlocking. It is to be extracted from the locking hole,
And,
The desorption mechanism is
An elastic member for biasing the fixing stud in a retreating direction;
A plate cam rotatably supported by the outer cylinder by a shaft in contact with the fixing stud;
A second transmission portion for converting the operation of the operation member into a rotational motion and transmitting the rotation to the plate cam, and causing the fixing stud to enter the rail against the elastic member by the rotation;
A vehicle seat attaching / detaching structure characterized by comprising:

In the structure of detachably attaching the legs of the vehicle seat to the rail having a pair of bent portions at the end,
An operation member;
A fixed part and a movable part provided in the leg part;
The movement of the operating member is transmitted to the movable part, the movable part is reciprocated in the thickness direction of the bent part, and the movable part and the fixed part are pressed against and separated from the rail, thereby moving the movable part and the fixed part against the rail. Detachable mechanism for locking and releasing
With
And,
The rail has an insertion / removal hole with a concave portion formed at a position where the both bent portions are opposed to each other,
The fixing portion includes a retaining stud that is inserted into the rail through the insertion / removal hole and can move along both bent portions,
The movable portion includes a fixing stud that is disposed in the leg portion so as to be able to reciprocate and is inserted into the rail through the bent portions.
The desorption mechanism is configured to press the fixing stud against the bottom of the rail at the time of locking, and press the fixing stud against both bent portions, and at the time of releasing the lock, each of the fixing stud and the locking stud. It weakens the pressure contact,
And,
A locking recess is provided at the bottom of the rail, and the locking stud is provided with a locking projection that goes into and out of the locking recess as the reciprocating movement of the fixing stud. Desorption structure.

In the structure of detachably attaching the legs of the vehicle seat to the rail having a pair of bent portions at the end,
An operation member;
A fixed part and a movable part provided in the leg part;
The movement of the operating member is transmitted to the movable part, the movable part is reciprocated in the thickness direction of the bent part, and the movable part and the fixed part are pressed against and separated from the rail, thereby moving the movable part and the fixed part against the rail. Detachable mechanism for locking and releasing
With
And,
The rail has an insertion / removal hole with a concave portion formed at a position where the both bent portions are opposed to each other,
The fixing portion includes a retaining stud that is inserted into the rail through the insertion / removal hole and can move along both bent portions,
The movable portion includes a fixing stud that is disposed in the leg portion so as to be able to reciprocate and is inserted into the rail through the bent portions.
The desorption mechanism is configured to press the fixing stud against the bottom of the rail at the time of locking, and press the fixing stud against both bent portions, and at the time of releasing the lock, each of the fixing stud and the locking stud. It weakens the pressure contact,
And,
The desorption mechanism is
An axis supported by the leg and rotated by the operation of the operation member;
A plate cam attached to the shaft so as to be integrally rotatable;
A third transmission portion for transmitting the rotation of the plate cam to the fixing stud and reciprocating the fixing stud;
A vehicle seat attaching / detaching structure characterized by comprising:

The detaching mechanism includes a first holding portion that holds the plate cam at the first angle when the plate cam is at a first angle that presses the fixing stud and the retaining stud against the rail. The vehicle seat detaching structure according to claim 5.

The bottom of the rail is provided with a locking recess, and the fixing stud is provided with a locking projection that goes into and out of the locking recess as the reciprocating movement is provided.
The detaching mechanism is configured to hold the plate cam at the second angle when the plate cam is at a second angle at which the locking protrusion of the fixing stud protrudes from the locking recess of the rail. The vehicle seat detaching structure according to claim 5, further comprising a holding portion.

In the structure of detachably attaching the legs of the vehicle seat to the rail having a pair of bent portions at the end,
An operation member;
A fixed part and a movable part provided in the leg part;
The movement of the operation member is transmitted to the movable part, the movable part is reciprocated in the thickness direction of the bent part, and the movable part and the fixed part are pressed against and separated from the rail, thereby moving the movable part and the fixed part to the rail of the leg part. And a desorption mechanism for releasing the lock
With
And,
The movable part is a shaft member that is provided in the fixed part so as to be capable of reciprocating and rotating, and having an engaging part at an end part thereof,
The desorption mechanism crosses the locking portion with the rail at the time of locking, sandwiches the bent portion between the locking portion and the fixing portion, and at the time of unlocking, makes the locking portion substantially parallel to the rail, It is possible to extract from between both bent parts,
And,
The desorption mechanism is
Including an inner cylinder rotatably accommodated in an outer cylinder as the fixed portion and screwed to the outside of the shaft member;
During rotation of the shaft member, the rotation of the inner cylinder according to the operation of the operation member is transmitted to the shaft member to rotate them integrally.
When the shaft member reciprocates, the shaft member is stopped from rotating, and the shaft member is moved in the axial direction by utilizing the action of the screw accompanying the rotation of the inner cylinder, and the locking portion of the shaft member is bent. A vehicle seat attaching / detaching structure characterized in that the bent portion is sandwiched from above and below together with the lower end portion of the outer cylinder while being pressed against the lower surface of the portion.

In the structure of detachably attaching the legs of the vehicle seat to the rail having a pair of bent portions at the end,
An operation member;
A fixed part and a movable part provided in the leg part;
The movement of the operating member is transmitted to the movable part, the movable part is reciprocated in the thickness direction of the bent part, and the movable part and the fixed part are pressed against and separated from the rail, thereby moving the movable part and the fixed part against the rail. Detachable mechanism for locking and releasing
With
And,
The rail has a number of locking holes in the length direction, each of which has a concave portion formed at a location where the two bent portions face each other.
The fixing portion includes a retaining stud that is inserted into the rail through the locking hole and can be locked to both bent portions,
The movable portion is inserted into an outer cylinder fixed to the leg portion so as to be reciprocally movable, and is composed of a fixing stud that enters and retracts into the rail through the locking hole by the reciprocating motion,
The retaining stud has a locking portion that can be inserted into the rail through the locking hole at a lower end portion thereof, and a plurality of the studs are provided before and after the fixing stud in the longitudinal direction of the rail,
When the locking mechanism is locked, the fixing stud is inserted into the rail and the bottom surface thereof is pressed against the bottom portion, and the retaining stud is lifted to raise the bottom surface of both bent portions by the top surface of the locking portion. Is pressed from below, and when the lock is released, the fixing stud is retracted and pulled out from the locking hole.
A vehicle seat detachable structure characterized by that.

The desorption mechanism is
A groove-shaped or elongated hole-shaped guide portion provided in the outer cylinder;
A first transmission unit that converts the operation of the operation member into a rotational motion and transmits the rotation to the fixing stud;
A driven protrusion that is inserted into the guide portion and moves along the guide portion as the fixing stud is rotated by the first transmission portion;
The vehicle seat detaching structure according to claim 9, further comprising:

In the structure of detachably attaching the legs of the vehicle seat to the rail having a pair of bent portions at the end,
An operation member;
A fixed part and a movable part provided in the leg part;
The movement of the operating member is transmitted to the movable part, the movable part is reciprocated in the thickness direction of the bent part, and the movable part and the fixed part are pressed against and separated from the rail, thereby moving the movable part and the fixed part against the rail. Detachable mechanism for locking and releasing
With
And,
The rail has an insertion / removal hole with a concave portion formed at a position where the both bent portions are opposed to each other,
The fixing portion includes a retaining stud that is inserted into the rail through the insertion / removal hole and can move along both bent portions,
The movable portion includes a fixing stud that is disposed in the leg portion so as to be able to reciprocate and is inserted into the rail through the bent portions.
The retaining stud has a locking portion that can be inserted into the rail through the insertion / removal hole at a lower end portion thereof, and a plurality of the studs are provided before and after the fixing stud in the longitudinal direction of the rail,
When the locking mechanism is locked, the lower surface of the fixing stud is brought into pressure contact with the bottom of the rail, and the retaining stud is raised and pressed against both bent portions from below with the upper surface of the locking portion, A vehicle seat attaching / detaching structure characterized by weakening each press contact of the fixing stud and the retaining stud when unlocking.