JP3712632B2 - Drilling tool and drilling device for underground continuous ditch - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an excavator and an excavator for excavating a groove for forming a continuous wall for water stoppage, foundation use, etc. in the ground.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as an excavator for excavating a continuous underground groove, as shown in JP-A-5-280043, JP-A-5-280044, etc., a traveling cart (for example, a crawler crane base machine) is a chain type. It is well known to continuously excavate a groove having a constant width by vertically mounting the excavator and moving the chain in the horizontal direction while rotating the chain.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 5, the excavator used in the excavator has long and long box-shaped cutter posts 2 attached to the traveling carriage 1, and sprockets 3 provided on both upper and lower sides of the cutter posts 2. , 4, a chain 5 is stretched endlessly, and a plurality of excavation claws 6 are attached to the outer periphery of the chain 5.
[0004]
The excavation claws 6 are attached to a bit plate 7 as shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, and a plurality of excavation tools A comprising the excavation claws 6 and the bit plate 7 are attached to the chain 5 with a plurality of bolts (shoe). It is attached by bolts 8 ...
[0005]
The bit plates 7 are attached with various width dimensions, and a continuous groove having a necessary width is excavated by all excavation claws 6 attached to the bit plates 7 at different positions in the chain width direction. .
[0006]
6-9, 9 ... is a link pin which connects the links of the chain 5. As shown in FIG.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In such an excavator, during excavation, the excavation reaction force indicated by the double line arrow in FIG. 6 acts on each excavator A ... from the natural ground (excavation surface) (thick arrow indicates the chain rotation direction). ) When the excavation reaction force is asymmetric (left and right in the chain width direction, which means the left and right in FIG. 6; the same applies hereinafter), the bit plate 7 of each excavator A has a diagram as shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, the excavation tool A tries to rotate due to the rotational moment shown by the double-lined arrow with diagonal lines.
[0008]
This rotational moment is received by the shoe bolts 8..., But when this rotational moment is large, such as when the ground is hard, the shoe bolt 8 may not be able to withstand and may break. In particular, in the case of the wide bit plate 7 shown in the center of FIG. 6, this tendency is strong because the rotational moment received is larger than the others.
[0009]
In addition, since each digging claw 6... Exerts a force (falling force) that tends to fall in the direction of the digging reaction force as shown by a double line arrow in FIG. As a result of this overturning force, a phenomenon in which the chain 5 meanders (hereinafter referred to as reverse chain warping) may occur as shown in FIG.
[0010]
In order to increase the excavation power,
(A) When the excavator A is distributed and provided in the direction of chain rotation as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 (on the other hand, FIGS. 6 and 7 show the case where they are continuously provided)
(B) As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, it becomes prominent when the height dimension of the excavation claw 6 is made higher than the others (excavation claw 6 in FIGS. 6 and 7).
[0011]
When the chain is warped, the link of the chain 5 is rubbed against the cutter post 2 at the portion of the reverse warp as shown in FIG.
[0012]
Accordingly, the present invention provides an underground continuous groove excavator and an excavator capable of improving the support performance of the rotational moment and the overturn force due to the excavation reaction force and preventing the breakage of the shoe bolt and the reverse warpage of the chain. is there.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention (excavation tool) of claim 1 is an underground continuous groove excavation tool that is attached to the outer periphery of a chain spanned endlessly between upper and lower sprockets and constitutes an underground continuous groove excavation apparatus, A bit plate attached to the chain and a digging claw provided on the bit plate, and the bit plate is in a state in which the end surfaces of the bit plate come into contact with adjacent bit plates in the attached state to the chain. Are set with dimensions in the direction of chain rotation.
[0014]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, the bit plate is formed such that an end surface in the chain rotation direction is an inclined surface in which an outwardly extending gap is formed between the end surfaces of adjacent bit plates. It is.
[0015]
According to a third aspect of the present invention (excavation apparatus), there is provided an underground continuous groove excavation apparatus in which a plurality of excavation claws are attached to the outer periphery of a chain spanned between upper and lower sprockets via a bit plate. The scram unit is configured by arranging at least a plurality of adjacent bit plates as a set, with each bit plate being in contact with each other in the chain rotation direction.
[0016]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the third aspect, the scrum unit includes a tall bit plate provided with a tall excavation claw having a larger height dimension than the others.
[0017]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the fourth aspect, the tall excavation claw is formed of a material having higher strength than the other excavation claws.
[0018]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of any of the third to fifth aspects, the scrum unit is provided at intervals in a plurality of locations in the chain rotation direction.
[0019]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to any of the third to sixth aspects, the end surfaces of the bit plates constituting the scrum unit are formed as inclined surfaces in which an outwardly extending gap is formed between them. It is a thing.
[0020]
The invention according to claim 8 is the structure according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein at least one bit plate in the scrum unit is attached in an eccentric state in which the protruding amount to the outside of the chain is different on both sides. .
[0021]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of any of the third to eighth aspects, the bit plate is attached to the chain so that the position of the bit plate can be adjusted in the chain width direction.
[0022]
According to the above configuration, the end surface of the bit plate in the excavating tool is in contact with the end surface of the adjacent bit plate constituting the scrum unit, and during excavation, a plurality of rotational moments and overturning forces acting by the excavation reaction force are in contact with each other. Since it is shared by the bit plate, the load burden of one bit plate is greatly reduced.
[0023]
For this reason, in particular, even when excavation tools are distributed and arranged in the chain rotation direction in order to improve excavation performance (Claim 6), and when a tall excavation claw is used (Claim 4), the above-mentioned rotational moment Breakage of the shoe bolt and reverse warp of the chain due to overturning force can be prevented.
[0024]
In addition, according to the invention of claim 5, since the tall excavation claw is formed of a high-strength material than the other (short) excavation claws, a higher excavation force can be obtained.
[0025]
That is, the present invention can increase the significance of using tall excavating claws, dispersing excavating tools in the direction of chain rotation, and using high-strength materials.
[0026]
By the way, when the bit plate is attached to the chain in a state where the end surfaces are in contact with each other, as an adverse effect, while the plate passes through the sprocket, dirt, pebbles, slurry, etc. enter the open plate end surface and pass through the sprocket. There is a possibility that the entering matter will remain and rotate the chain while warping the outer bulge.
[0027]
In this regard, according to the second and seventh aspects of the present invention, the end surfaces of the bit plates that constitute the scrum unit are formed on inclined surfaces in which an outwardly extending gap is formed. Even if soil or the like enters between the plates as it passes through the sprocket, the soil or the like is discharged to the outside and the end surfaces of the plates are brought into contact with each other. Can be prevented.
[0028]
Further, according to the configuration of claim 8, in order to secure a necessary groove width by attaching at least one bit plate constituting the scram unit to the chain in an eccentric state, a wide long bit plate extending over the entire groove width. Compared with the case where is attached symmetrically with respect to the chain, the excavator and the excavator can be reduced in weight as a whole.
[0029]
Furthermore, according to the structure of claim 9, since the bit plate is attached so that the position of the bit plate can be adjusted in the chain width direction, by adjusting the position of the bit plate according to the required groove width, a plurality of types of excavating tools and excavating devices can be provided. Can be shared with any groove width.
[0030]
In addition, since the rotational moment which increases due to the configuration of both claims (the eccentricity of the bit plate. In the case of the ninth aspect, when the eccentric state is obtained by the position adjustment), the plurality of bit plates can share the rotational moment. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of adverse effects.
[0031]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0032]
Basic embodiment (see FIGS. 1 to 3)
In the basic embodiment, a tall excavation claw 11 is attached to a bit plate (referred to as a tall bit plate) 12 to constitute one excavation tool, and three excavation tools B1, B2, and B3 are combined to form one scrum. Unit U is configured.
[0033]
The scrum unit U is provided at intervals (distributed) at a plurality of positions in the rotational direction of the chain 13, but only one of them is shown in the figure.
[0034]
In the figure, 14... Are link pins of the chain 13, and 15.
[0035]
Each of the tall bit plates 12 constituting the scrum unit U is attached to the chain 13 as shown in each figure, and the adjacent ones are in the chain rotation direction so that their end faces come into contact with each other. A dimension L (shown in FIG. 2) is set.
[0036]
In this way, during excavation, for example, an asymmetric excavation reaction force (indicated by a double line arrow in FIG. 2) acts on the tall bit plate 12 of the central excavator B2 that is formed to be the widest. 12 is applied to the tall bit plates 12 and 12 of the adjacent excavating tools B1 and B3 (the black arrows in FIG. 2 counteract the excavating reaction force). Shows the power to do).
[0037]
Thereby, since the load burden of central excavation tool B2 (plate 12) is reduced significantly, the fracture | rupture of shoe bolt 15 ... by the said rotational force can be prevented.
[0038]
Further, since the overturning force (indicated by double-line arrows in FIG. 1) acting on the excavating tools B1 to B3 by the excavation reaction force is also supported by the plate end surfaces 12a. 13 reverse warpage can also be prevented.
[0039]
On the other hand, the adjacent end surfaces 12a of the plates 12 are formed on inclined surfaces having a relief angle θ so that an outwardly extending gap c is formed between them as shown in FIGS. Yes.
[0040]
In this way, even if earth or sand enters between the plates when the scrum unit U passes through the sprocket,
(1) Since the gap between the end faces of adjacent plates is open even after passing through the sprocket, earth and sand etc. are easily discharged.
(2) In addition, since the open plate end surface 12a is inclined, the forced extrusion action by the inclined surface acts when passing through and closing the sprocket. It is possible to prevent biting of earth and sand, which is a harmful effect of the contact, and chain warpage due to this.
[0041]
Note that the relief angle θ is set to a magnitude that allows the above-mentioned actions (1) and (2) to be performed with the best balance.
[0042]
Further, in the case of the excavating tools B1 and B3 on both the upper and lower sides in the scrum unit U, since one side of the bit plate 12 is in an open state, the sharing action of the excavating reaction force is lower than in the case of the central excavating tool B2.
[0043]
Therefore, if necessary, a bit plate without excavation claws (a bit plate having a short excavation claw may be provided) on the outer side in the chain rotation direction of both side excavation tools B1 and B3 as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 12 'and 12' may be provided in contact with each other.
[0044]
Furthermore, in this excavation apparatus, since the maximum width excavation part excavating the maximum width part of the groove receives the largest excavation reaction force, it is desirable to arrange the scrum unit U in this part.
[0045]
Other Embodiment (1) In the basic embodiment, the case where one scrum unit U is configured by three excavating tools B1 to B3 is illustrated, but four excavating tools B1 to B4 (five One or more scram units U may be configured.
[0046]
According to the test conducted by the present inventor, if there are too many excavating tools constituting one scrum unit, the gaps between the plate end surfaces due to dirt and the like that entered between the plate end surfaces and could not be discharged are accumulated. Since the phenomenon that the chain 13 bends to the outer bulge tends to occur in the unit portion, the number of excavating tools constituting one scrum unit U is appropriate in order to avoid such a phenomenon (three or four are optimal according to the test). It is desirable to limit it to
[0047]
(2) For example, in the example of FIG. 4, one of the two centrally formed excavation tools B2 and B3 is attached to the chain 13 in an eccentric state in which the amount of protrusion to the outside of the chain width is different on both sides. Thus, a necessary groove width may be ensured.
[0048]
If it carries out like this, compared with the case where the wide long excavation tool over the groove full width is attached symmetrically with respect to the chain 13, the weight of the excavation tool and the excavation apparatus as a whole can be reduced.
[0049]
In this case, the eccentricity increases the rotational moment acting on the excavating tool B3 during excavation, but since this rotational moment is shared between adjacent bit plates, the occurrence of the adverse effect of breaking the shoe bolt is prevented. be able to.
[0050]
(3) In the example of FIG. 4, in addition to the mounting holes through which the shoe bolts 15... Are provided in the portion where the shoe bolts 15. For example, the central two excavating tools B2 and B3 are provided with mounting holes 16 for position adjustment, and the mounting positions of the two excavating tools B2 and B3 in the chain width direction are excavated by the mounting holes 16. You may comprise so that it can adjust according to the groove width.
[0051]
In this way, since one type of excavation tool can be shared by a plurality of types of groove widths, there is no waste of changing to an excavation tool having a different width dimension each time the groove width changes.
[0052]
(4) In the above embodiment, the scrum unit is configured by a plurality of drilling tools with tall excavating claws, but a combination of excavating tools with tall excavating claws and other drilling tools, or with tall excavating claws You may comprise a scrum unit only by excavation tools other than an excavation tool.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a scram unit is configured by arranging a plurality of bit plates in a state in which the end surfaces of adjacent ones are in contact with each other, and the rotational moment and the overturn force acting by the excavation reaction force are generated. Since it is configured to be shared by the units, the load burden of one bit plate is greatly reduced, especially when the drilling tools are distributed in the chain rotation direction (Claim 6) and when using tall drilling claws (Claim 4), it is possible to prevent the shoe bolt from breaking due to the rotational moment and the chain reverse warping due to the overturning force.
[0054]
In addition, according to the invention of claim 5, since the tall excavation claw is formed of a high-strength material than the other (short) excavation claws, a higher excavation force can be obtained.
[0055]
According to the second and seventh aspects of the present invention, since the end faces of the bit plates constituting the scrum unit are formed on the inclined surfaces in which the outwardly extending gap is formed, the scrum unit passes through the sprocket. Even if dirt or the like enters between the plates, the earth and sand can be discharged to the outside and the sand and the like can be prevented from biting due to the contact between the end surfaces of the plates. it can.
[0056]
On the other hand, according to the invention of claim 8, since the required groove width is secured by attaching at least one bit plate constituting the scrum unit to the chain in an eccentric state, the wide width over the entire groove width is achieved. Compared with the case where a long bit plate is mounted symmetrically with respect to the chain, the overall weight of the excavator and the excavator can be reduced.
[0057]
Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 9, since the bit plate is attached so that the position of the bit plate can be adjusted in the chain width direction, by adjusting the position of the bit plate according to the required groove width, a plurality of types of excavating tools and excavating devices can be provided. Can be shared with any groove width.
[0058]
In addition, since the rotational moment that increases due to the configurations of both claims (the eccentricity of the bit plate. In the case of the ninth aspect, when the eccentric state is obtained by the position adjustment), the plurality of bit plates can share the rotational moment. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of adverse effects.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial front view of an excavator according to a basic embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a part of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of the entire excavator.
FIG. 6 is a partial side view of the excavator in the excavator.
FIG. 7 is a front view of the same.
FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 7 when a drilling tool having a tall excavation claw is used.
9 is a view corresponding to FIG. 8 in a state in which the excavation tool falls from the state shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
B1, B2, B3, B4 Excavator U Scrum unit 11 Tall excavation claw 12, 12 'Tall bit plate 12a End surface (inclined surface) of bit plate
c Gap between bit plate end faces 13 Chain 15 Shoe bolt 16 Mounting holes for position adjustment

Claims (9)

An underground continuous groove excavator that is attached to the outer periphery of a chain that is stretched endlessly between upper and lower sprockets and constitutes an underground continuous groove excavator, comprising a bit plate that is attached to the chain and the bit The bit plate is dimensioned in the direction of rotation of the chain so that the end surfaces of the bit plate are in contact with the adjacent bit plate when attached to the chain. An underground excavation tool for continuous trenches. 2. The underground continuous groove excavation tool according to claim 1, wherein the bit plate is formed such that an end surface in a chain rotation direction is an inclined surface in which an outwardly extending gap is formed between the end surfaces of adjacent bit plates. An underground excavation tool for continuous trenches. In an underground continuous groove excavator constructed by attaching a plurality of excavating claws via a bit plate to the outer periphery of a chain that is endlessly spanned between upper and lower sprockets, at least a plurality of adjacent bit plates must An excavation device for underground continuous grooves characterized in that each bit plate is arranged in a state of being in contact with each other in the chain rotation direction to form a scram unit. 4. The underground continuous groove excavation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the scrum unit includes a tall bit plate provided with a tall excavation claw having a height dimension larger than that of the other. apparatus. 5. The underground continuous trench excavation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the tall excavation claw is made of a material having higher strength than other excavation claws. 6. The underground continuous trench excavation apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the scrum units are provided at a plurality of intervals in the chain rotation direction. 7. The underground continuous trench excavation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein end surfaces of the bit plates constituting the scrum unit are formed in inclined surfaces in which an outwardly extending gap is formed. An underground excavation device for continuous trenches. The underground continuous groove excavation device according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein at least one bit plate in the scrum unit is attached in an eccentric state in which a protruding amount to the outside of the chain width is different on both sides. An underground excavation device for continuous trenches. The underground continuous groove excavating apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the bit plate is attached to the chain so that the position of the bit plate can be adjusted in the chain width direction. .

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