JP3704913B2 - Acid food - Google Patents

Acid food Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3704913B2
JP3704913B2 JP30191097A JP30191097A JP3704913B2 JP 3704913 B2 JP3704913 B2 JP 3704913B2 JP 30191097 A JP30191097 A JP 30191097A JP 30191097 A JP30191097 A JP 30191097A JP 3704913 B2 JP3704913 B2 JP 3704913B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
fatty acid
food
acidic
weight
sucrose fatty
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JPH11127829A (en
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昌暁 富田
佳男 朝日
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Chemical Foods Corp
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Chemical Foods Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、酸性食品に関するものであり、詳しくは、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルの溶解性が向上した、pHが2〜4.5である酸性食品に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
酸性食品、特に、酸性透明食品は、風味と外観の清涼感から各種の食品が密封容器に充填されて広く流通に供されている。近年、pHの低い領域で増殖する好酸性菌による酸性食品の変敗が問題になってきており、例えば、果汁飲料の変敗原因菌である好酸性芽胞菌の抑制にショ糖脂肪酸エステルが有効である事が報告されている(東洋食品工業短期大学・東洋食品研究所研究報告書, 21, 105-115 (1996))。
【0003】
ショ糖脂肪酸エステルはミルク成分等のタンパク質を含有するpH4.5〜7の弱酸性の飲料、例えばミルクコーヒー、ミルクティー、ココア、ポタージュスープ、汁粉などに耐熱性芽胞菌を抑制する目的で添加されている。構成脂肪酸がパルミチン酸であるものに、またモノエステル含量の高いものに強い抗菌性があることが知られており、三菱化学フーズ株式会社の商品「リョートーシュガーエステルP−1670」または「リョートーシュガーエステルP−1570」が使用されることが多い。
【0004】
乳蛋白質含有酸性飲料では、乳タンパク質安定化の目的でHLB13以上のショ糖脂肪酸エステルを添加することが知られており(特開昭58ー20180号公報)、またショ糖脂肪酸エステルを構成するエステル置換体としてはモノエステル比率が高いほど水溶性が高く、耐酸性が優れることが知られている(第一工業製薬株式会社発行「シュガーエステル物語」p.102〜p.112)。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、pHが2〜4.5である酸性食品においては、P−1670のようにエステル化度の低いショ糖脂肪酸エステルであっても、溶解性が不十分な為に、透明食品に濁りや沈殿を生じ外観に悪影響を与えたり、また不透明な酸性食品においても、溶解性が不十分な為に、抗菌性、乳化・分散、可溶化等の機能が十分に発揮されなかったりすることから、上記のような酸性食品にショ脂肪酸エステルを使用するには問題があった。
【0006】
また、市販されているショ糖脂肪酸エステルのうち、最もモノエステル比率の高い商品「第一工業製薬株式会社DKエステルSS」(モノエステル比率98%)であっても、上述の酸性食品においては濁りや沈殿を生じてしまい、実用的には使用できなかった。
本発明は、上記実状に鑑みなされたもので、その目的は、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルの溶解性を向上し、それを添加した濁りや沈殿を生じ難い透明食品等の、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルの機能を十分に発揮できる酸性食品を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、構成脂肪酸の50重量%以上が炭素鎖長8〜16の脂肪酸であり、モノエステル含量が93重量%以上、灰分が0.5重量%以下であるショ糖脂肪酸エステルを含有し、pHが2〜4.5であることを特徴とする、長期間の溶解安定性を有する酸性食品を提供するものである。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の対象となる酸性食品は、pHが2〜4.5、好ましくは2.5以上、4.5未満の食品であればよい。pHが2以下では酸味が強すぎて好ましくない。
pHの調整は、通常、酸味料や果汁を添加することにより行われる。酸味料としては、乳酸、クエン酸、酒石酸等を用いることができる。
【0009】
酸性食品としては、飲料等の透明又は不透明の液状食品、およびゼリーなどの透明または不透明な固形食品が挙げられる。
液状食品としては、各種清涼飲料等の酸性透明飲料、果肉等の不透明な粒を含み連続相を構成する主体が清澄で曇りのない酸性飲料等の透明飲料や、乳性飲料等の不透明飲料が挙げられ、具体的には、例えば、透明飲料の場合、分光光度計で、セル厚1cm、脱塩水を対照(100%)として、5倍希釈で測定した場合の波長620nmでの光透過率が50%以上である透明飲料、酸性の乳性飲料である上記の5倍希釈液の光透過率が5%以下である不透明飲料等の他、果実缶詰に用いるシラップ類や、タレ、つゆ、ドレッシングなどのうち酸性である調味液類などの液状食品が挙げられる。
【0010】
酸性食品が液状食品、特に飲料では、濁りや沈殿は外観に大きく悪影響するため、本発明の対象としての意義は特に大きい。
具体的な飲料の例としては、果実系飲料;例えば、リンゴジュース,オレンジジュースなどの天然果汁、種々の果汁が50〜100%になるように調製された果汁飲料、果汁が10〜50%になるように調製された果汁入り清涼飲料、一般にネクターと呼ばれる果実ピューレ含有量が20%〜60%である果肉飲料、果実の搾汁に果肉を加えた果粒入り果実飲料、果汁含量が10%未満または果粒5%未満を加えた直接飲料、希釈飲料、フルーツシロップなど、また酸性の乳性飲料例えば、乳製品乳酸菌飲料、乳酸菌飲料、殺菌乳製品乳酸菌飲料、乳類入清涼飲料、乳清飲料など、また酸性の嗜好飲料類例えばレモンティー、フレーバードティーなど、またその他に酸性のスポーツドリンク、機能型ドリンク,ゼリー飲料,食事型ドリンク,デザートドリンクなどの飲料が挙げられる。
【0011】
本発明の酸性食品に用いるショ糖脂肪酸エステルの構成脂肪酸としては、炭素鎖長8〜22の飽和または不飽和の脂肪酸が好ましい。これらの中でも特にミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸から選ばれる脂肪酸を主成分とするものが、風味や泡立ちの点から望ましい。そして、溶解安定性の点で、構成脂肪酸の50重量%以上が炭素鎖長8〜16の脂肪酸である必要がある。
ショ糖脂肪酸エステルは、通常、異なるエステル置換体の混合物であり、これらの比率により溶解性が異なる。本発明に用いるショ糖脂肪酸エステルとしてはモノエステル比率が93重量%以上、に好ましくは95重量%以上である。モノエステル比率が93重量%より低い場合には充分な溶解安定性が得られない。
【0012】
本発明で言うモノエステル比率とはショ糖脂肪酸エステル化合物中のモノエステルの比率であり、例えばゲルクロマトグラフィーや薄層クロマトグラフィーにより分離されるエステル体の比率から求めることができる。モノエステルの比率は最終的に上記比率に設定されればよく、モノエステル比率が93重量%に満たないショ糖脂肪酸エステルを原料に溶媒抽出法やカラム分離や晶析法等の方法により精製してもよいし、合成反応の結果としてモノエステル比率が高くなるようにしてもよい。
【0013】
本発明に用いるショ糖脂肪酸エステルに含有される灰分は0.5重量%以下である。灰分が0.5重量%を越えると充分な溶解安定性が得られない。本発明で言う灰分とは、食品添加物公定書に定める方法で分析した場合の値を意味する。酸性食品中の上記ショ糖脂肪酸エステルの含有量は、特に限定されないが、通常、0.0001〜2重量%であり、酸性飲料で抗菌性を期待して用いる場合は、0.0005〜2重量%が好ましい。また、酸性食品中へのショ糖脂肪酸エステルの添加方法は、特に限定されず、最終製品中に上記ショ糖脂肪酸エステルが含有されていればよい。
【0014】
本発明の酸性食品には、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルの溶解性を損なわない範囲であれば、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル,ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル,酵素処理レシチン,酵素分解レシチン,ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステルなどの他の乳化剤を併用してもよい。
【0015】
本発明の酸性食品は、通常、密封容器に充填されて流通されるので、長期間の溶解安定性が必要になるため、特に、透明容器に充填されて流通される場合には濁りや沈殿は外観に大きく悪影響するため、本発明の対象としての意義は特に大きい。
【0016】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例により、具体的に説明する。尚、使用した乳化剤の組成は、以下の表1に示す通りである。
【0017】
【表1】

Figure 0003704913
*1;三菱化学フーズ(株)製品(商品名リョートーシュガーエステルP-1670)
*2;第一工業製薬(株)製品(商品名;DKエステルSS)
【0018】
実施例1および比較例1
5倍希釈の濃縮レモン果汁を脱塩水で5希釈し、これに予め調製しておいた表1の試料A〜Dのショ糖脂肪酸エステルの10重量%溶液を、それぞれ0.02重量%となるように添加し、濃縮還元レモン果汁を調製し、5°Cで1日保存後、溶状観察を行った。尚、濃縮還元した後のレモン果汁のpHは2.5であった。
その結果、試料B、C、Dを用いたものでは著しい濁りや沈殿を生じたのに対し、試料Aを添加したレモン果汁では無添加と全く同等で、沈殿がなく、透明性を維持していた。
【0019】
実施例2および比較例2
市販のリンゴ果汁(pH3.0)に、予め調製しておいた表1の試料A〜Dのショ糖脂肪酸エステルの10重量%溶液を、それぞれ0.02重量%となるように添加し、5°Cで1日保存後、溶状観察を行った。
結果は、試料B、C、Dを用いたものでは、パルプ質の濁りに加えて、乳化剤による濁り及び沈殿を発生したのに対し、試料Aを添加したリンゴ果汁では、無添加と全く同等で、リンゴ果汁のパルプ質の濁り以外の濁りや沈殿は観察されなかった。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルの溶解性を向上し、それを添加した濁りや沈殿を生じ難い透明食品等の、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルの機能を十分に発揮できる酸性食品を提供することができる。酸性食品が密封容器に充填され、流通される場合は、長期間の溶解安定性が必要になるため、特に好適である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an acidic food, and particularly relates to an acidic food with improved solubility of sucrose fatty acid ester and a pH of 2 to 4.5.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Acid foods, in particular, acid transparent foods, are widely distributed in the form of various foods filled in sealed containers because of the refreshing taste and appearance. In recent years, deterioration of acidic foods caused by acidophilic bacteria growing in a low pH region has become a problem. For example, sucrose fatty acid esters are effective in suppressing acidophilic spore bacteria that cause deterioration of fruit juice beverages. (Toyo Shokuhin Junior College / Toyo Food Research Institute Research Report, 21, 105-115 (1996)).
[0003]
Sucrose fatty acid esters are added to mildly acidic beverages with pH 4.5-7 containing proteins such as milk components, such as milk coffee, milk tea, cocoa, potage soup, and soy flour to suppress heat-resistant spore bacteria. ing. It is known that the constituent fatty acid is palmitic acid, and those having a high monoester content have strong antibacterial properties. Products of Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1670 or Ryoto Sugar ester P-1570 "is often used.
[0004]
In acidic drinks containing milk protein, it is known to add sucrose fatty acid ester of HLB13 or higher for the purpose of stabilizing milk protein (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-20180), and esters constituting sucrose fatty acid ester As a substituted substance, it is known that the higher the monoester ratio, the higher the water solubility and the better the acid resistance (“Sugar Ester Monogatari” published by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., p. 102-p. 112).
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in acidic foods with a pH of 2 to 4.5, even sucrose fatty acid esters with a low degree of esterification, such as P-1670, may become cloudy in transparent foods due to insufficient solubility. Because it causes precipitation and has an adverse effect on the appearance, and even in opaque acidic foods, functions such as antibacterial properties, emulsification / dispersion, solubilization are not fully exhibited due to insufficient solubility, There has been a problem in using succinic acid esters in acidic foods as described above.
[0006]
Further, among the commercially available sucrose fatty acid esters, the product “Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. DK Ester SS” (monoester ratio 98%) having the highest monoester ratio is turbid in the above acidic food. And precipitation occurred and could not be used practically.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to improve the solubility of sucrose fatty acid esters, and to improve the function of sucrose fatty acid esters such as transparent foods to which turbidity and precipitation are less likely to occur. The object is to provide an acidic food that can be fully used.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention comprises a sucrose fatty acid ester in which 50% by weight or more of the constituent fatty acid is a fatty acid having a carbon chain length of 8 to 16, the monoester content is 93% by weight or more, and the ash content is 0.5% by weight or less. An acidic food having long-term dissolution stability, characterized by having a pH of 2 to 4.5.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The acidic food that is the subject of the present invention may be a food having a pH of 2 to 4.5, preferably 2.5 or more and less than 4.5. If the pH is 2 or less, the acidity is too strong, which is not preferable.
Adjustment of pH is normally performed by adding a sour agent and fruit juice. As the acidulant, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and the like can be used.
[0009]
Examples of the acidic food include transparent or opaque liquid food such as beverages, and transparent or opaque solid food such as jelly.
Liquid foods include transparent transparent beverages such as acidic transparent beverages such as various soft drinks, transparent beverages such as acidic beverages that contain opaque grains such as pulp and the like, and are mainly clear and non-cloudy, and opaque beverages such as dairy beverages. Specifically, for example, in the case of a transparent beverage, the light transmittance at a wavelength of 620 nm is measured with a spectrophotometer at a cell thickness of 1 cm and demineralized water as a control (100%) at a 5-fold dilution. In addition to clear beverages that are 50% or more, opaque beverages that have a light transmittance of 5% or less of the above-mentioned 5-fold diluted solution that is an acidic milk beverage, syrups used in canned fruits, sauces, soups, and dressings And liquid foods such as seasonings that are acidic.
[0010]
When acidic food is liquid food, especially beverages, turbidity and precipitation have a great adverse effect on the appearance, and thus the significance of the present invention is particularly great.
Specific examples of beverages include fruit-based beverages; for example, natural fruit juices such as apple juice and orange juice, fruit juice drinks prepared so that various fruit juices are 50 to 100%, and fruit juices are 10 to 50%. Fruit juice soft drinks prepared as described above, fruit puree content generally called Nectar is 20% to 60%, fruit juice containing fruit juice added to fruit juice, fruit juice content is 10% Direct drinks, diluted drinks, fruit syrups, etc. with less than or less than 5% of fruits, and acidic dairy drinks such as dairy lactic acid bacteria drinks, lactic acid bacteria drinks, sterilized dairy lactic acid bacteria drinks, soft drinks with milk, whey Beverages, etc., acidic taste drinks such as lemon tea, flavored tea, etc. Other acidic sports drinks, functional drinks, jelly drinks, meal drinks, Beverages such as dessert drinks and the like.
[0011]
As the constituent fatty acid of the sucrose fatty acid ester used in the acidic food of the present invention, a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having a carbon chain length of 8 to 22 is preferable. Among these, those mainly comprising a fatty acid selected from myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid are desirable from the viewpoint of flavor and foaming. And 50 weight% or more of a constituent fatty acid needs to be a fatty acid having a carbon chain length of 8 to 16 in terms of dissolution stability.
The sucrose fatty acid ester is usually a mixture of different ester substitution products, and the solubility varies depending on the ratio thereof. The sucrose fatty acid ester used in the present invention has a monoester ratio of 93% by weight or more, preferably 95% by weight or more. When the monoester ratio is lower than 93% by weight, sufficient dissolution stability cannot be obtained.
[0012]
The monoester ratio referred to in the present invention is the ratio of monoesters in the sucrose fatty acid ester compound, and can be determined from the ratio of ester bodies separated by, for example, gel chromatography or thin layer chromatography. The monoester ratio may be finally set to the above-mentioned ratio, and the sucrose fatty acid ester having a monoester ratio of less than 93% by weight is used as a raw material and purified by a method such as solvent extraction, column separation, or crystallization. Alternatively, the monoester ratio may be increased as a result of the synthesis reaction.
[0013]
The ash content in the sucrose fatty acid ester used in the present invention is 0.5% by weight or less. If the ash content exceeds 0.5% by weight, sufficient dissolution stability cannot be obtained. The ash content referred to in the present invention means a value when analyzed by the method defined in the Food Additives Official Document. Although content of the said sucrose fatty acid ester in acidic food is not specifically limited, Usually, it is 0.0001 to 2 weight%, and 0.0005 to 2 weight when using antibacterial property in an acidic beverage. % Is preferred. Moreover, the addition method of sucrose fatty acid ester in acidic food is not specifically limited, The said sucrose fatty acid ester should just contain in the final product.
[0014]
In the acidic food of the present invention, other emulsifiers such as polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, enzyme-treated lecithin, enzyme-decomposable lecithin, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, etc., as long as the solubility of sucrose fatty acid ester is not impaired May be used in combination.
[0015]
Since the acidic food of the present invention is usually distributed and filled in a sealed container, long-term dissolution stability is required. Since the appearance is greatly adversely affected, it is particularly significant as an object of the present invention.
[0016]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. In addition, the composition of the used emulsifier is as shown in Table 1 below.
[0017]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003704913
* 1: Product of Mitsubishi Chemical Foods Corporation (trade name Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1670)
* 2: Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. product (trade name: DK Ester SS)
[0018]
Example 1 and Comparative Example 1
5 times diluted concentrated lemon juice is diluted 5 with demineralized water, and 10% by weight of the sucrose fatty acid ester solution of Samples AD in Table 1 prepared in advance is 0.02% by weight. Then, concentrated and reduced lemon juice was prepared and stored at 5 ° C. for 1 day, and then the solution state was observed. Note that the pH of the lemon juice after concentration and reduction was 2.5.
As a result, while using Samples B, C, and D resulted in significant turbidity and precipitation, the lemon juice with Sample A added was completely equivalent to no addition, had no precipitation, and maintained transparency. It was.
[0019]
Example 2 and Comparative Example 2
To a commercially available apple juice (pH 3.0), a 10% by weight solution of the sucrose fatty acid ester of Samples A to D in Table 1 prepared in advance was added to 0.02% by weight. After storage at ° C for 1 day, the solution state was observed.
As a result, the samples B, C, and D produced turbidity and precipitation due to the emulsifier in addition to the turbidity of the pulp, whereas the apple juice with the sample A added was completely equivalent to no addition. No turbidity or precipitation other than turbidity of apple juice pulp was observed.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
By this invention, the solubility of sucrose fatty acid ester can be improved, and the acidic food which can fully exhibit the function of sucrose fatty acid ester, such as a transparent food which does not produce the cloudiness and precipitation which added it, can be provided. When acidic food is filled in a sealed container and distributed, it is particularly suitable because long-term dissolution stability is required.

Claims (8)

構成脂肪酸の50重量%以上が炭素鎖長8〜16の脂肪酸であり、モノエステル含量が93重量%以上、灰分が0.5重量%以下であるショ糖脂肪酸エステルを含有し、pHが2〜4.5であることを特徴とする酸性食品。50% by weight or more of the constituent fatty acid is a fatty acid having a carbon chain length of 8 to 16, containing a sucrose fatty acid ester having a monoester content of 93% by weight or more and an ash content of 0.5% by weight or less, and having a pH of 2 Acidic food characterized by being 4.5. ショ糖脂肪酸エステルの構成脂肪酸が、炭素鎖長8〜22の飽和又は不飽和の脂肪酸である請求項1に記載の食品。The food according to claim 1, wherein the constituent fatty acid of the sucrose fatty acid ester is a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having a carbon chain length of 8 to 22. ショ糖脂肪酸エステルの含有量が0.0001〜2重量%である請求項1または2に記載の食品。The food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sucrose fatty acid ester content is 0.0001 to 2% by weight. 酸性食品が液状食品である請求項1〜3に記載の食品。The food according to claims 1 to 3, wherein the acidic food is a liquid food. 液状食品が飲料である請求項4に記載の食品。The food according to claim 4, wherein the liquid food is a beverage. 酸性食品が透明食品である請求項1〜5に記載の食品。The food according to claim 1, wherein the acidic food is a transparent food. 酸性食品が密封容器に充填されているものである請求項1〜6に記載の食品。The food according to claim 1, wherein the acidic food is filled in a sealed container. 密封容器が透明容器である請求項7に記載の食品。The food according to claim 7, wherein the sealed container is a transparent container.
JP30191097A 1997-11-04 1997-11-04 Acid food Expired - Fee Related JP3704913B2 (en)

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JP5089956B2 (en) * 2006-10-13 2012-12-05 ライオン株式会社 Liquid medicine product for internal use

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