TWI765055B - Carbonated beverage, packaged carbonated beverage and enhancing method for yoghurt flavor of carbonated beverage - Google Patents
Carbonated beverage, packaged carbonated beverage and enhancing method for yoghurt flavor of carbonated beverage Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
本發明之碳酸飲料係含有無脂乳固形物、乳酸、及食鹽之具有酸酪乳風味者,且上述碳酸飲料之氣體容量為1.5以上且未達3.5,且於波長660nm之吸光度為0.014以下。 The carbonated beverage of the present invention contains non-fat milk solids, lactic acid, and salt and has a yogurt milk flavor, and the carbonated beverage has a gas capacity of 1.5 or more and less than 3.5, and an absorbance at a wavelength of 660 nm of 0.014 or less.
Description
本發明係關於一種碳酸飲料、容器裝碳酸飲料及碳酸飲料之酸酪乳風味增強方法。 The present invention relates to a carbonated beverage, a container-packed carbonated beverage and a method for enhancing the flavor of yogurt milk for the carbonated beverage.
近年來,盛行具有新穎嗜好性之飲料之研究開發,從而開發有具有各種嗜好性之飲料。 In recent years, research and development of beverages with novel tastes have been popular, and beverages with various tastes have been developed.
例如,已知酸酪乳具有將乳感與柑橘感、以及酸味恰當地調和而成之風味及健康功能,係自古以來廣受人們青睞之食品,關於具有此種酸酪乳風味之飲料正在進行開發。 For example, it is known that yogurt has a flavor and health function in which milky, citrus, and acidity are properly blended, and it has been a popular food since ancient times, and a drink having such a yogurt flavor is being developed. development.
又,先前,具有酸酪乳風味之飲料係藉由使用乳酸菌等微生物使乳原料發酵後添加香料等而製造。因此,藉由該製造方法所製造之飲料具有因原料之乳成分而產生白濁之外觀。 Moreover, conventionally, the drink which has a yoghurt milk flavor was manufactured by adding a flavor etc. after fermenting a milk raw material using microorganisms, such as lactic acid bacteria. Therefore, the beverage manufactured by this manufacturing method has the appearance of being cloudy due to the milk component of the raw material.
另一方面,作為具有香料之透明飲料,例如於專利文獻1中揭示有一種透明飲料,其出於抑制果實香料之劣化氣味之觀點而於果實香料中組合香草醛等香氣成分。又,揭示於飲料中之鈉濃度為20~40mg/100mL之情形 時,獲得抑制劣化氣味之效果。 On the other hand, as a transparent beverage having a flavor, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a transparent beverage in which an aroma component such as vanillin is combined with a fruit flavor from the viewpoint of suppressing the deterioration odor of the fruit flavor. In addition, it was revealed that when the sodium concentration in the beverage was 20 to 40 mg/100 mL, the effect of suppressing the deterioration odor was obtained.
又,作為含有乳成分之飲料,例如於專利文獻2中揭示有一種含乳飲料,其係藉由在含有乳成分之無咖啡因飲料中摻合特定量之食鹽,而即便不使用咖啡等咖啡因飲料原料亦能夠賦予咖啡因飲料風味之苦味或澀味。 In addition, as a beverage containing a milk component, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses a milk-containing beverage in which coffee such as coffee is not used by blending a specific amount of salt in a decaf beverage containing a milk component. Beverage raw materials can also impart bitterness or astringency to the flavor of caffeine beverages.
又,例如,關於碳酸飲料,已知藉由在碳酸飲料中溶解二氧化碳並容易地產生氣泡,可獲得由來自二氧化碳之刺激、風味等形成之特有之嗜好性。 Furthermore, for example, regarding carbonated drinks, it is known that by dissolving carbon dioxide in carbonated drinks and easily generating air bubbles, it is known that unique tastes due to stimulation, flavor, and the like derived from carbon dioxide can be obtained.
[先前技術文獻] [Prior Art Literature]
[專利文獻] [Patent Literature]
專利文獻1:日本特開2016-127818號公報 Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2016-127818
專利文獻2:日本特開2009-219393號公報 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-219393
然而,專利文獻1中所揭示之技術並非關於碳酸飲料,且並非獲得良好之酸酪乳風味者。又,專利文獻2中所揭示之技術亦並非關於碳酸飲料,且由於含乳而產生白濁,並非具有透明之外觀者。 However, the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 is not related to carbonated beverages, and is not one that obtains a good yogurt flavor. In addition, the technology disclosed in Patent Document 2 is not related to carbonated beverages, and is cloudy due to milk content, and does not have a transparent appearance.
一般而言,已知藉由在飲料等中摻合乳成分而獲得較強之酸酪乳風味,但因該乳成分,而存在飲料產生白濁之傾向。另一方面,若將乳成分之摻合量抑制得較低,則未獲得足夠之酸酪乳風味。即,酸酪乳風味與透明性之間存在所謂之取捨關係。 In general, it is known that a strong yogurt flavor can be obtained by blending a milk component in a beverage or the like, but the beverage tends to become cloudy due to the milk component. On the other hand, when the compounding quantity of a milk component is suppressed low, sufficient yogurt milk flavor is not obtained. That is, there exists a so-called trade-off relationship between yogurt flavor and transparency.
又,於製成碳酸飲料之情形時,存在彈珠汽水(Ramune)風味等特有之嗜好變強之傾向,難以獲得良好之酸酪乳風味。 Moreover, in the case of making a carbonated drink, there exists a tendency for peculiar tastes, such as a Ramune flavor, to become strong, and it becomes difficult to obtain a favorable yogurt flavor.
因此,本發明人對外觀透明且可獲得酸酪乳風味之新穎碳酸飲料進行努力 研究,結果發現,藉由將無脂乳固形物之摻合量抑制得較低,且於其中組合乳酸與食鹽,並對碳酸飲料之氣體容量(GV)進行控制,而可獲得增強酸酪乳風味並且保持較高透明性的碳酸飲料,從而完成本發明。 Therefore, the present inventors have made diligent studies on novel carbonated beverages that are transparent in appearance and can obtain a yogurt flavor, and as a result, found that by suppressing the blending amount of non-fat milk solids to be low, and combining lactic acid and salt therein , and the gas volume (GV) of carbonated beverages is controlled to obtain carbonated beverages that enhance the flavor of yogurt and maintain high transparency, thereby completing the present invention.
根據本發明,而提供一種碳酸飲料,其係含有無脂乳固形物、乳酸、及食鹽之具有酸酪乳香味者,且上述碳酸飲料之氣體容量為1.5以上且未達3.5,且於波長660nm之吸光度為0.014以下。 According to the present invention, there is provided a carbonated beverage containing non-fat milk solids, lactic acid, and salt and having a yoghurt milk flavor, wherein the carbonated beverage has a gas capacity of 1.5 or more and less than 3.5, and has a wavelength of 660 nm. The absorbance is below 0.014.
又,根據本發明,而提供一種容器裝碳酸飲料,其於容器中填充有上述碳酸飲料。 Moreover, according to this invention, there is provided a container-packed carbonated beverage in which the above-mentioned carbonated beverage is filled in a container.
又,根據本發明,而提供一種碳酸飲料之酸酪乳風味增強方法,其包括如下步驟:將無脂乳固形物、乳酸、及食鹽混合,以上述碳酸飲料於波長660nm之吸光度成為0.014以下之方式進行製備;及以上述碳酸飲料之氣體容量成為1.5以上且未達3.5之方式進行製備。 In addition, according to the present invention, a method for enhancing the flavor of yogurt milk for carbonated beverages is provided, which comprises the steps of: mixing non-fat milk solids, lactic acid, and salt to make the absorbance of the carbonated beverages at a wavelength of 660 nm less than or equal to 0.014. and prepared in such a manner that the gas volume of the above-mentioned carbonated beverage becomes 1.5 or more and less than 3.5.
根據本發明,可提供一種酸酪乳風味得到增強之透明性高之碳酸飲料。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a highly transparent carbonated beverage in which the flavor of yogurt is enhanced.
<碳酸飲料> <Carbonated drinks>
本實施形態之碳酸飲料係具有酸酪乳風味且外觀透明之具有新穎之嗜好性之飲料。又,關於本實施形態之碳酸飲料,所謂透明性高意指飲料中幾乎無懸浮物、沈澱物等不溶物。 The carbonated beverage of the present embodiment is a beverage with a novel taste which has a yogurt flavor and is transparent in appearance. In addition, regarding the carbonated beverage of the present embodiment, the term "high transparency" means that there are almost no insoluble matters such as suspended matter and sediment in the beverage.
本實施形態之碳酸飲料至少含有無脂乳固形物、乳酸、及食鹽。以下,對各成分進行說明。 The carbonated beverage of the present embodiment contains at least non-fat milk solids, lactic acid, and salt. Hereinafter, each component will be described.
所謂無脂乳固形物(SNF),意指自乳中去除水分與脂肪成分,含有乳蛋白質、碳水化合物(主要為糖質)、礦物質等灰分及維生素者。通常,牛乳100g中所含之無脂乳固形物為8.3g左右,其中乳蛋白質為3.0g左右,糖質為4.6g左右,灰分為0.7g左右。 The so-called non-fat milk solids (SNF) refers to removing water and fat components from milk and containing milk proteins, carbohydrates (mainly sugars), minerals and other ash and vitamins. Usually, the solid content of non-fat milk contained in 100 g of milk is about 8.3 g, of which milk protein is about 3.0 g, sugar is about 4.6 g, and ash content is about 0.7 g.
無脂乳固形物除含有源自如下所述之酸性乳者以外,亦可含有另外添加者。 The non-fat milk solids may contain other additives in addition to those derived from acidic milk as described below.
無脂乳固形物之含量相對於碳酸飲料總量,較佳為0.0005質量%以上且0.01質量%以下。就獲得酸酪乳風味之觀點而言,較佳為0.001質量%以上,另一方面,就獲得透明性之觀點而言,較佳為0.0075質量%以下。 The content of non-fat milk solids is preferably 0.0005 mass % or more and 0.01 mass % or less with respect to the total amount of carbonated beverages. From the viewpoint of obtaining a yogurt flavor, it is preferably 0.001% by mass or more, and on the other hand, from the viewpoint of obtaining transparency, it is preferably 0.0075% by mass or less.
無脂乳固形物之含量可藉由食品衛生關係法規集「關於乳及乳製品之成分規格等之省令」(1951年12月27日日本厚生省令第52號)中所記載之發酵乳及乳酸菌飲料之無脂乳固形物之定量法進行測定。 The content of non-fat milk solids can be determined by the fermented milk and lactic acid bacteria listed in the Food Sanitation Relations Act "Ministerial Decree on Ingredient Specifications, etc. of Milk and Dairy Products" (Decree No. 52 of the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan on December 27, 1951). Quantitative method for determination of non-fat milk solids in beverages.
所謂酸性乳,意指將pH值設為酸性側之乳,包括藉由微生物進行發酵所獲得之發酵酸性乳及未藉由微生物進行發酵所獲得之非發酵酸性乳之任一者。具體而言,可列舉:使用乳酸菌及雙叉乳酸桿菌等微生物使乳原料發酵所製備之發酵酸性乳、或使用果汁及酸味料等酸性成分未使乳原料發酵所製備之非發酵酸性乳等。就獲得更良好之嗜好性之觀點而言,較佳為含有乳酸菌之發酵酸性乳。 Acidic milk means the milk whose pH value is an acidic side, and includes any of fermented acidic milk obtained by fermentation with microorganisms and non-fermented acidic milk obtained without fermentation with microorganisms. Specifically, fermented acidic milk prepared by fermenting milk raw materials using microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria and lactobacillus bifurcates, and non-fermented acidic milk prepared without fermenting milk raw materials using acidic components such as fruit juices and sour flavors, etc. From the viewpoint of obtaining better palatability, fermented acid milk containing lactic acid bacteria is preferred.
進而,酸性乳亦可為實施有加熱及冷卻處理者,以使酸性乳中以不溶物之 形式含有之乳蛋白質可溶化或進行殺菌。 Furthermore, the acid milk may be subjected to heating and cooling treatment so as to solubilize or sterilize the milk protein contained in the acid milk as an insoluble matter.
作為成為用以製備酸性乳之原料之乳,只要為含有乳蛋白質者即可,可使用公知者。例如可列舉:生乳、牛乳、全脂乳粉、脫脂乳粉、鮮奶油、濃縮乳、部分脫脂乳、煉乳、乳粉等。該等可單獨使用一種,亦可併用兩種以上。 As the milk used as a raw material for preparing acidic milk, a known one can be used as long as it contains milk protein. For example, raw milk, cow's milk, whole milk powder, skim milk powder, fresh cream, concentrated milk, partial skim milk, condensed milk, milk powder, etc. are mentioned. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
再者,已知乳蛋白質之等電點一般為pH4.6。該等電點之值起因於作為上述乳蛋白質之主成分而為人所知之酪蛋白之等電點(pH4.6)。 Furthermore, it is known that the isoelectric point of milk protein is generally pH 4.6. The value of the isoelectric point is derived from the isoelectric point (pH 4.6) of casein, which is known as the main component of the above-mentioned milk protein.
酸性乳之pH值較佳為未達3.5,更佳為pH3.4以下,進而較佳為pH3.3以下。另一方面,就獲得碳酸飲料之嗜好性之觀點而言,較佳為設為pH2.8以上。 The pH value of the acidic milk is preferably less than 3.5, more preferably pH 3.4 or less, and still more preferably pH 3.3 or less. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of obtaining the palatability of carbonated beverages, it is preferable to set pH to 2.8 or more.
酸性乳之含量相對於碳酸飲料總量,較佳為0.05質量%以上且1質量%以下。 The content of the acidic milk is preferably 0.05 mass % or more and 1 mass % or less with respect to the total amount of carbonated beverages.
所謂乳酸,係指羥酸之一種,作為增強酸酪乳風味且具有酸味料及抑菌作用者發揮作用。 The so-called lactic acid refers to a type of hydroxy acid, and acts as a sour agent and antibacterial agent that enhances the flavor of yogurt milk.
就保持透明性且獲得酸酪乳風味之觀點而言,乳酸相對於碳酸飲料整體之含量較佳為0.01質量%以上,更佳為0.02質量%以上,進而較佳為0.025質量%以上。 From the viewpoint of maintaining transparency and obtaining a yogurt flavor, the content of lactic acid with respect to the entire carbonated beverage is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.02% by mass or more, and still more preferably 0.025% by mass or more.
另一方面,乳酸相對於碳酸飲料整體之含量之上限並無特別限定,就良好地保持碳酸飲料之嗜好性之觀點而言,較佳為1.0質量%以下,更佳為0.5質量%以下,進而較佳為0.2質量%以下。 On the other hand, the upper limit of the content of lactic acid with respect to the entire carbonated beverage is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of favorably maintaining the palatability of carbonated beverages, it is preferably 1.0% by mass or less, more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, and further Preferably it is 0.2 mass % or less.
所謂食鹽,意指以氯化鈉作為主成分之食用鹽。食鹽可為精製鹽等氯化鈉本身,亦可為海鹽、岩鹽、曬製鹽、及山鹽等。該等可單獨使用一種,亦可將兩種以上混合使用。 The so-called table salt means table salt with sodium chloride as the main ingredient. Table salt may be sodium chloride itself such as refined salt, or may be sea salt, rock salt, sun-dried salt, mountain salt, and the like. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in mixture of 2 or more types.
就增強酸酪乳風味之觀點而言,食鹽之含量較佳為0.005質量% 以上,更佳為0.01質量%以上。另一方面,就維持碳酸飲料之良好之嗜好性之觀點而言,食鹽之含量較佳為0.06質量%以下,更佳為0.05質量%以下,進而較佳為0.035質量%以下。 From the viewpoint of enhancing the flavor of yogurt, the content of the salt is preferably 0.005% by mass or more, more preferably 0.01% by mass or more. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of maintaining good taste of carbonated beverages, the content of salt is preferably 0.06 mass % or less, more preferably 0.05 mass % or less, and still more preferably 0.035 mass % or less.
食鹽濃度(質量%)可藉由莫耳法進行分析。 The salt concentration (mass %) can be analyzed by the molar method.
碳酸飲料之氣體容量(二氧化碳之壓力)為1.5以上且未達3.5,就使藉由碳酸所獲得之嗜好性變得良好之觀點而言,較佳為1.6以上。另一方面,就增強酸酪乳風味並降低彈珠汽水風味之觀點而言,碳酸飲料之氣體容量較佳為3.4以下,更佳為3.3以下。即,藉由適當地控制氣體容量,亦可增強酸酪乳風味。 The gas capacity (pressure of carbon dioxide) of carbonated beverages is 1.5 or more and less than 3.5, and is preferably 1.6 or more from the viewpoint of improving the palatability obtained by carbonic acid. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of enhancing the flavor of yogurt and reducing the flavor of marbled drinks, the gas capacity of the carbonated beverage is preferably 3.4 or less, more preferably 3.3 or less. That is, by appropriately controlling the gas volume, the yogurt flavor can also be enhanced.
二氧化碳之壓入方法可使用公知之方法。又,碳酸飲料中之氣體容量可藉由公知之方法進行測定。例如,可使用市售之測定器(京都電子工業製造之氣體容量測定裝置GVA-500A)進行測定。 As a method of injecting carbon dioxide, a known method can be used. In addition, the gas volume in a carbonated beverage can be measured by a well-known method. For example, the measurement can be performed using a commercially available measuring device (Gas Volume Measuring Apparatus GVA-500A manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Industry Co., Ltd.).
再者,氣體容量(二氧化碳壓力)係表示在標準狀態(1個大氣壓,0℃)相對於碳酸飲料整體之體積的溶於碳酸飲料中之二氧化碳之體積。 In addition, the gas volume (carbon dioxide pressure) represents the volume of carbon dioxide dissolved in carbonated beverages relative to the volume of the entire carbonated beverage in a standard state (1 atm, 0°C).
又,碳酸飲料於波長660nm之吸光度為0.014以下,較佳為0.012以下,更佳為0.009以下,進而較佳為0.006以下。 In addition, the absorbance of carbonated beverages at a wavelength of 660 nm is 0.014 or less, preferably 0.012 or less, more preferably 0.009 or less, and still more preferably 0.006 or less.
此處,處於白濁狀態之習知酸性乳飲料於波長660nm之吸光度通常幾乎顯示1以上之值。又,習知運動飲料於波長660nm之吸光度通常幾乎顯示0.2左右之值。 Here, the absorbance at a wavelength of 660 nm of a conventional acidic milk beverage in a cloudy state generally shows a value of 1 or more. In addition, the absorbance of conventional sports drinks at a wavelength of 660 nm usually shows a value of about 0.2.
因此,與習知酸性乳飲料或運動飲料等相比,本實施形態之碳酸飲料可謂透明性非常高。 Therefore, the carbonated beverage of this embodiment can be said to have very high transparency as compared with conventional acidic milk beverages, sports beverages, and the like.
再者,於波長660nm之吸光度例如可使用紫外可見分光光度計(UV-1600(島津製作所股份有限公司製造))進行測定。 In addition, the absorbance at a wavelength of 660 nm can be measured using, for example, an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-1600 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation)).
繼而,對藉由本實施形態之碳酸飲料所獲得之效果進行說明。 Next, the effect obtained by the carbonated beverage of this embodiment is demonstrated.
本實施形態之碳酸飲料係將無脂乳固形物、乳酸、及食鹽組合,進而控制碳酸飲料之氣體容量,並且以於波長660nm之吸光度成為特定數值之方式控制無脂乳固形物之含量,藉此可增強酸酪乳風味,並且提高透明性。 The carbonated beverage of this embodiment combines non-fat milk solids, lactic acid, and salt to control the gas capacity of the carbonated beverage, and controls the content of non-fat milk solids so that the absorbance at a wavelength of 660 nm becomes a specific value. This enhances the yogurt flavor and improves clarity.
迄今為止尚未知曉有具有透明之外觀且呈現酸酪乳風味之碳酸飲料,亦未嘗試過在具有酸酪乳風味之碳酸飲料中組合食鹽。又,於碳酸飲料中,作為柑橘系之透明碳酸飲料,存在彈珠汽水或汽水並廣受人們青睞。另一方面,由於酸酪乳風味中亦含有柑橘系之香氣,故而若飲料中之乳成分較少則有彈珠汽水或汽水風味佔據較強主導地位之傾向。進而,若出於獲得酸酪乳風味之觀點而增加乳成分,則產生難以保持透明之外觀之問題。 So far, there has not been known a carbonated beverage having a transparent appearance and exhibiting a yogurt flavor, and there has been no attempt to combine salt in a carbonated beverage having a yogurt flavor. In addition, among carbonated drinks, as a transparent carbonated drink of citrus type, there are marbled sodas and soft drinks, which are widely favored by people. On the other hand, since the flavor of yogurt also contains a citrus aroma, if the milk component in the beverage is small, the flavor of marbled soda or soda tends to be more dominant. Furthermore, when the milk component is increased from the viewpoint of obtaining the flavor of yogurt, there arises a problem that it is difficult to maintain the appearance of transparency.
以此種習知技術為背景,本發明人發現藉由將無脂乳固形物、乳酸、及食鹽應用於碳酸飲料中,可維持透明性且獲得酸酪乳風味,進而反覆進行研究,發現對無脂乳固形物等乳成分、與二氧化碳容量之摻合量進行高度控制極為重要。並且,發現藉由控制碳酸飲料之氣體容量,並且以於波長660nm之吸光度成為特定數值之方式控制無脂乳固形物之含量,可增強酸酪乳風味,從而完成本發明。因而,本實施形態之碳酸飲料係具有先前不存在之作用效果之新穎之飲料。 Against the background of such a conventional technique, the present inventors have found that by applying non-fat milk solids, lactic acid, and salt to carbonated beverages, transparency can be maintained and a yogurt milk flavor can be obtained. It is extremely important to highly control the blending amount of milk components such as non-fat milk solids and carbon dioxide capacity. In addition, the inventors found that the flavor of yogurt can be enhanced by controlling the gas volume of carbonated beverages and controlling the content of non-fat milk solids so that the absorbance at a wavelength of 660 nm becomes a specific value, thereby completing the present invention. Therefore, the carbonated drink of this embodiment is a novel drink which has the effect which did not exist before.
本實施形態之碳酸飲料藉由進而具備以下構成,可增強酸酪乳風味,並且以更高水準實現較高之透明性。 By further having the following structure, the carbonated beverage of this embodiment can enhance the flavor of yogurt and realize high transparency at a higher level.
就增強酸酪乳風味之觀點而言,碳酸飲料中之鈉離子濃度較佳為8mg/100mL以上,更佳為10mg/100mL以上,進而較佳為13mg/100mL以上。另一方面,就維持碳酸飲料之良好之嗜好性之觀點而言,碳酸飲料中之鈉離子濃度較佳為60mg/100mL以下,更佳為40mg/100mL以下,進而較佳為35mg/100mL以下。 From the viewpoint of enhancing the flavor of yogurt, the sodium ion concentration in the carbonated beverage is preferably 8 mg/100 mL or more, more preferably 10 mg/100 mL or more, and still more preferably 13 mg/100 mL or more. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of maintaining good taste of carbonated drinks, the sodium ion concentration in carbonated drinks is preferably 60 mg/100 mL or less, more preferably 40 mg/100 mL or less, and still more preferably 35 mg/100 mL or less.
本實施形態之碳酸飲料中之鈉離子濃度並不限於源自如上所述之食鹽者, 亦包含源自檸檬酸鈉等添加物者。 The sodium ion concentration in the carbonated beverage of the present embodiment is not limited to those derived from the above-mentioned table salt, but also includes those derived from additives such as sodium citrate.
碳酸飲料中之鈉離子濃度可使用原子吸光法進行測定。 The sodium ion concentration in carbonated beverages can be measured using atomic absorption spectrometry.
本實施形態之碳酸飲料較佳為pH值為2.8以上且3.7以下。藉由將pH值設為該數值範圍內,可有效地增強酸酪乳風味且提高透明性。 The carbonated beverage of the present embodiment preferably has a pH of 2.8 or more and 3.7 or less. By making the pH value into this numerical range, the yogurt flavor can be effectively enhanced and transparency can be improved.
再者,所謂pH值,意指將本實施形態之碳酸飲料100mL放入容量300mL之容器中,使用磁力攪拌器使該容器內之攪拌子以1000rpm~1500rpm旋轉而劇烈地攪拌20分鐘,去除二氧化碳後,以液溫成為20℃之方式進行溫度調整而測定者。 Furthermore, the so-called pH value means that 100 mL of the carbonated beverage of this embodiment is put into a container with a capacity of 300 mL, and a magnetic stirrer is used to rotate the stirring bar in the container at 1000 rpm to 1500 rpm to vigorously stir for 20 minutes to remove carbon dioxide. After that, the temperature was adjusted so that the liquid temperature was 20°C, and the measurement was carried out.
又,就提高碳酸飲料之嗜好性之觀點而言,碳酸飲料之布里克氏(Brix)值較佳為1°以上且10°以下,更佳為3°以上且9°以下,進而較佳為4°以上且8°以下。 In addition, from the viewpoint of improving the taste of carbonated beverages, the Brix value of the carbonated beverages is preferably 1° or more and 10° or less, more preferably 3° or more and 9° or less, still more preferably It is 4° or more and 8° or less.
再者,「布里克氏值」例如可使用Atago股份有限公司製造之糖用折射計讀數「RX-5000α」以液溫20℃進行測定。 In addition, "Brick's value" can be measured at a liquid temperature of 20° C. using, for example, a sugar refractometer reading "RX-5000α" manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd.
又,就提高碳酸飲料之嗜好性之觀點而言,碳酸飲料之酸度較佳為0.05質量%以上且0.3質量%以下,進而較佳為0.1質量%以上且0.2質量%以下。 Moreover, from the viewpoint of improving the taste of carbonated drinks, the acidity of carbonated drinks is preferably 0.05 mass % or more and 0.3 mass % or less, and more preferably 0.1 mass % or more and 0.2 mass % or less.
再者,所謂「酸度」係指將碳酸飲料中所含之酸之量換算成檸檬酸之相當量之值、即以檸檬酸酸度(質量%)表示之數值。 In addition, the so-called "acidity" means the value which converts the quantity of the acid contained in carbonated beverages into the equivalent quantity of citric acid, ie, the numerical value expressed by the acidity (mass %) of citric acid.
碳酸飲料較佳為含有乳酸菌。藉此,可獲得透明性高之具有新穎之嗜好性之碳酸飲料。 Carbonated beverages preferably contain lactic acid bacteria. Thereby, a carbonated beverage with high transparency and novel taste can be obtained.
又,碳酸飲料較佳為含有乳清蛋白質及酪蛋白之至少一者,就提高嗜好性之觀點而言,更佳為含有酪蛋白。所謂乳清蛋白質及酪蛋白,係指乳蛋白質中所含之成分,一般而言,相對於乳蛋白質總量,約20%為乳清蛋白質,約80%為酪蛋白。 Moreover, it is preferable that a carbonated beverage contains at least one of whey protein and casein, and it is more preferable that it contains casein from a viewpoint of improving a taste. The so-called whey protein and casein refer to the components contained in milk protein. Generally speaking, about 20% of the total milk protein is whey protein, and about 80% is casein.
又,乳蛋白質之含量相對於碳酸飲料總量,較佳為0.5ppm以上且20ppm以下,更佳為0.7ppm以上且10ppm以下。 Moreover, the content of milk protein is preferably 0.5 ppm or more and 20 ppm or less, more preferably 0.7 ppm or more and 10 ppm or less, with respect to the total amount of carbonated beverages.
又,上述乳清蛋白質中所含之β-乳球蛋白之含量相對於碳酸飲料總量,較佳為0.05ppm以上且2.5ppm以下,更佳為0.1ppm以上且2.0ppm以下。一般而言,相對於乳清蛋白質總量,約50%為β-乳球蛋白。 Furthermore, the content of β-lactoglobulin contained in the whey protein is preferably 0.05 ppm or more and 2.5 ppm or less, more preferably 0.1 ppm or more and 2.0 ppm or less, with respect to the total amount of carbonated beverages. In general, about 50% of the total whey protein is beta-lactoglobulin.
又,本實施形態之碳酸飲料亦可含有通常之飲料中所使用之甜味料、酸味料、香料(flavor)、果汁、抗氧化劑、鹽類等礦物質、香料、苦味料、營養強化劑、pH值調節劑等。 In addition, the carbonated beverage of the present embodiment may contain minerals such as sweeteners, acidulants, flavors, fruit juices, antioxidants, salts, flavors, bitters, nutritional fortifiers, etc., which are commonly used in beverages. pH adjusters, etc.
甜味料用於賦予甜味而提高嗜好性。 Sweeteners are used to impart sweetness to improve palatability.
作為甜味料,例如可列舉:高果糖玉米糖漿、砂糖(包含蔗糖或砂糖)、果糖、高果糖糖漿、葡萄糖、寡醣、乳糖、蜂蜜、飴糖(麥芽糖)、糖醇、高甜度甜味料等。 Examples of sweeteners include high fructose corn syrup, granulated sugar (including sucrose or granulated sugar), fructose, high fructose syrup, glucose, oligosaccharide, lactose, honey, caramel (maltose), sugar alcohol, high sweetness materials, etc.
作為高甜度甜味料,例如可列舉:阿斯巴甜、乙醯磺胺酸鉀、木糖醇、甘草酸二鈉、糖精、糖精鈣、糖精鈉、蔗糖素、紐甜(neotame)、阿拉伯糖、甘草萃取物、木糖、甜菊、索馬甜、羅漢果萃取物、鼠李糖及核糖。 Examples of high-intensity sweeteners include aspartame, acesulfame potassium, xylitol, disodium glycyrrhizinate, saccharin, calcium saccharin, sodium saccharin, sucralose, neotame, arabic Sugar, licorice extract, xylose, stevia, thomastin, mangosteen extract, rhamnose and ribose.
該等甜味料可單獨使用一種,又,亦可使用兩種以上。 These sweeteners may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types.
酸味料用於賦予酸味而提高嗜好性。 The acidulant is used to impart a sour taste to improve taste.
作為酸味料,例如可列舉:檸檬酸、乳酸、蘋果酸、酒石酸、己二酸、δ-葡萄糖酸內酯、葡萄糖酸、丁二酸、冰醋酸、反丁烯二酸、植酸、磷酸及其等之鹽等。該等可單獨使用一種,亦可使用兩種以上。 Examples of acidulants include citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, adipic acid, delta-gluconolactone, gluconic acid, succinic acid, glacial acetic acid, fumaric acid, phytic acid, phosphoric acid and and other salts. These may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types.
香料用於提高嗜好性。 Spices are used to enhance liking.
作為香料,為天然香料或合成香料,例如為:酸酪乳香料、水果香料、植物香料、或該等之混合物。作為水果香料中之「水果」,例如可列舉:檸檬、柳橙、蜜橘、葡萄柚、臺灣香檬、柚子及萊姆等柑橘類、草莓、桃子、葡萄、 蘋果、鳳梨、芒果、甜瓜、及香蕉等。 As the flavor, it is a natural flavor or a synthetic flavor, such as: yogurt flavor, fruit flavor, vegetable flavor, or a mixture of these. Examples of "fruits" in fruit flavors include lemons, oranges, tangerines, grapefruits, citrus fruits such as citrus lemons, grapefruits, and limes, strawberries, peaches, grapes, apples, pineapples, mangoes, melons, and Banana etc.
該等香料可單獨使用一種,又,亦可使用兩種以上。 One type of these fragrances may be used alone, or two or more types may be used.
<容器裝碳酸飲料> <Contained carbonated drinks>
本實施形態之碳酸飲料亦可製成經加熱殺菌而裝入容器中之狀態之容器裝碳酸飲料。 The carbonated beverage of this embodiment can also be made into a container-packed carbonated beverage in a state in which it is heat-sterilized and packed into a container.
作為容器,可適當地選擇能夠密封飲料之公知之容器而使用。例如可列舉由玻璃、紙、塑膠(聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)等)、鋁、及鋼等單一成分或該等之複合材料或積層材料所構成之密封容器。又,容器之種類並無特別限定,例如可列舉:PET瓶、鋁罐、鋼罐、紙袋、冷藏即飲杯(Chilled Cup)、瓶等。進而,就自外觀對飲料進行觀察而能夠確認透明性、顏色等之觀點而言,作為容器之顏色,較佳為透明,更佳為無色透明。又,就使用性、流通性、攜帶性等觀點而言,較佳為PET瓶。 As the container, a well-known container capable of sealing beverages can be appropriately selected and used. For example, a hermetically sealed container composed of a single component such as glass, paper, plastic (polyethylene terephthalate (PET), etc.), aluminum, and steel, or a composite material or a laminated material thereof can be mentioned. Moreover, the kind of container is not specifically limited, For example, a PET bottle, an aluminum can, a steel can, a paper bag, a chilled cup, a bottle, etc. are mentioned. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of being able to confirm transparency, color, etc. by observing the beverage from the appearance, the color of the container is preferably transparent, and more preferably colorless and transparent. Moreover, from the viewpoint of usability, flowability, portability, etc., a PET bottle is preferable.
<碳酸飲料之酸酪乳風味增強方法> <Method for enhancing the flavor of yogurt milk in carbonated beverages>
本實施形態之碳酸飲料之酸酪乳風味增強方法包括以下步驟:將無脂乳固形物、乳酸、及食鹽混合,以上述碳酸飲料於波長660nm之吸光度成為0.014以下之方式進行製備;及以上述碳酸飲料之氣體容量成為1.5以上且未達3.5之方式進行製備。 The method for enhancing the flavor of yogurt milk for carbonated beverages of this embodiment includes the following steps: mixing non-fat milk solids, lactic acid, and salt, and preparing the carbonated beverages in such a way that the absorbance of the carbonated beverages at a wavelength of 660 nm becomes below 0.014; and It was prepared so that the gas capacity of carbonated beverages would be 1.5 or more and less than 3.5.
根據該碳酸飲料之酸酪乳風味增強方法,可將碳酸飲料高澄清化,並且增強酸酪乳風味。 According to the method for enhancing the flavor of yogurt in carbonated beverages, the carbonated beverages can be highly clarified, and the flavor of yogurt can be enhanced.
以上,已對本發明之實施形態進行了敘述,但該等為本發明之例示,亦可採用上述以外之各種構成。 The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but these are examples of the present invention, and various configurations other than those described above may be employed.
[實施例] [Example]
以下,藉由實施例及比較例對本發明進行說明,但本發明並不限於該等。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these.
關於實施例及比較例中所獲得之碳酸飲料,進行以下評價及測定。 The following evaluations and measurements were performed on the carbonated beverages obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples.
<評價> <Evaluation>
‧官能評價:由嫺熟之5位官能檢查員分別試飲實施例及比較例之碳酸飲料,關於「酸酪乳風味」、「彈珠汽水風味」,分別以對照品之4分評價作為基準,按以下7個等級進行評價,取其平均值。 ‧Sensory evaluation: 5 skilled sensory inspectors tasted the carbonated beverages of the example and the comparative example respectively. Regarding the "yogurt flavor" and "marble soda flavor", the 4-point evaluation of the reference product was used as the benchmark, and the The following seven grades were evaluated, and the average value was taken.
評價1(酸酪乳風味) Evaluation 1 (yogurt flavor)
7分:為與對照品相比,酸酪乳風味非常強之飲料。 7 points: It is a drink with a very strong yogurt flavor compared with the control.
6分:為與對照品相比,酸酪乳風味較強之飲料。 6 points: It is a drink with a stronger yogurt flavor than the control.
5分:為與對照品相比,酸酪乳風味稍強之飲料。 5 points: It is a drink with a slightly stronger yogurt flavor than the control.
4分:為呈現與對照品同等之酸酪乳風味之飲料。 4 points: It is a drink which exhibits the yoghurt-milk flavor equivalent to a control substance.
3分:為與對照品相比,酸酪乳風味稍弱之飲料。 3 points: It is a drink with a slightly weaker yogurt flavor than the control.
2分:為與對照品相比,酸酪乳風味較弱之飲料。 2 points: It is a drink with weaker flavor of yogurt compared with the control.
1分:為與對照品相比,酸酪乳風味非常弱之飲料。 1 point: It is a drink with very weak yogurt flavor compared with a control.
評價2(彈珠汽水風味) Evaluation 2 (Marble Soda Flavor)
7分:為與對照品相比,彈珠汽水風味非常強之飲料。 7 points: It is a beverage with a very strong marbled soda flavor compared with the control.
6分:為與對照品相比,彈珠汽水風味較強之飲料。 6 points: It is a beverage with stronger flavor of marble soda as compared with the reference.
5分:為與對照品相比,彈珠汽水風味稍強之飲料。 5 points: It is a beverage with a slightly stronger flavor of marble soda as compared with the control.
4分:為呈現與對照品同等之彈珠汽水風味之飲料。 4 points: It is a beverage that exhibits the same marbled soda flavor as the reference.
3分:為與對照品相比,彈珠汽水風味稍弱之飲料。 3 points: It is a beverage with a slightly weaker marbled soda flavor compared to the control.
2分:為與對照品相比,彈珠汽水風味較弱之飲料。 2 points: It is a beverage with a weaker marbled soda flavor compared to the reference.
1分:為與對照品相比,彈珠汽水風味非常弱之飲料。 1 point: It is a beverage with a very weak marbled soda flavor compared to the control.
<測定> <Measurement>
‧於波長660nm之吸光度:使用分光光度計測定各碳酸飲料於波長660nm 之吸光度。再者,吸光度測定係於20℃之溫度條件下使用石英槽而實施。 ‧Absorbance at wavelength 660nm: Use a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance of each carbonated beverage at a wavelength of 660nm. In addition, the absorbance measurement was implemented using the quartz cell under the temperature condition of 20 degreeC.
‧布里克氏值:使用Atago股份有限公司製造之糖用折射計讀數「RX-5000α」測定布里克氏值。飲料之液溫設為20℃。 • Brick's value: The Brick's value was measured using a sugar refractometer reading "RX-5000α" manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd. The liquid temperature of the beverage was set to 20°C.
‧乳蛋白質(ppm):使用ELISA套組(Allergeneye ELISA II牛乳指標蛋白質:β-乳球蛋白,PRIMAHAM公司製造)進行分析。再者,乳清蛋白量、酪蛋白量、β-乳球蛋白量設為自乳蛋白質之測定值所算出之值。 • Milk protein (ppm): Analysis was performed using an ELISA kit (Allergeneye ELISA II milk index protein: β-lactoglobulin, manufactured by PRIMAHAM). In addition, the amount of whey protein, the amount of casein, and the amount of β-lactoglobulin were calculated from the measured value of milk protein.
‧實驗1 ‧Experiment 1
<實施例及比較例> <Examples and Comparative Examples>
將高果糖玉米糖漿6.5質量%、砂糖2.0質量%、食鹽0.01質量%溶解於純水中,於其中以成為表1所示之濃度之方式添加乳酸,進而以無脂乳固形物(SNF)之含量成為表1所示之濃度之方式調整含有乳酸菌之已殺菌發酵酸性乳之摻合量而添加。其次,使用檸檬酸、乳酸、檸檬酸三鈉之酸味料,以成為表1所示之酸度及pH值之方式調整摻合量而添加,進而添加酸酪乳香料而獲得調合液。測定所獲得之調合液之布里克氏值(20℃),將結果示於表1。 6.5% by mass of high fructose corn syrup, 2.0% by mass of granulated sugar, and 0.01% by mass of table salt were dissolved in pure water, lactic acid was added to the mixture so that the concentration shown in Table 1 was obtained, and the mixture was further prepared as solid non-fat milk (SNF). The content of the sterilized and fermented acidic milk containing lactic acid bacteria was adjusted so that the content became the concentration shown in Table 1 and added. Next, using acidulants such as citric acid, lactic acid, and trisodium citrate, the blending amounts were adjusted and added so as to have the acidity and pH shown in Table 1, and yogurt flavor was further added to obtain a preparation liquid. The Brick's value (20°C) of the obtained preparation was measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.
其後,將調合液以95℃瞬間殺菌後冷卻至20℃,封入二氧化碳而製成氣體容量3.0之碳酸飲料,填充至500mL之PET瓶(吉野工業公司製造之耐熱壓PET500mL)中,而獲得容器裝碳酸飲料。 After that, the mixture was sterilized at 95°C for an instant, then cooled to 20°C, and carbon dioxide was sealed to obtain a carbonated beverage with a gas capacity of 3.0, and a 500 mL PET bottle (500 mL heat-resistant pressure-resistant PET manufactured by Yoshino Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was filled to obtain a container. Pack carbonated drinks.
再者,上述所製備之pH值與以下pH值為同等之數值,即,將所獲得之碳酸飲料100mL添加至容量300mL之容器中,使用磁力攪拌器使該容器內之攪拌子以1000rpm~1500rpm旋轉而劇烈地攪拌20分鐘,去除二氧化碳後,以液溫成為20℃之方式進行溫度調整後所測得者。 Furthermore, the pH value prepared above is equivalent to the following pH value, that is, add 100mL of the obtained carbonated beverage to a container with a capacity of 300mL, and use a magnetic stirrer to make the stirring bar in the container run at 1000rpm~1500rpm. Rotation was vigorously stirred for 20 minutes, and after removing carbon dioxide, the temperature was adjusted so that the liquid temperature was 20°C.
對所獲得之碳酸飲料進行評價及測定,將結果示於表1。再者,於實驗1中,將比較例1之碳酸飲料作為對照品(評分4分)。 The obtained carbonated drinks were evaluated and measured, and the results are shown in Table 1. In addition, in the experiment 1, the carbonated beverage of the comparative example 1 was used as a control substance (score of 4 points).
根據表1可知,相對於不含有乳酸之比較例1~3,實施例1~9藉由含有0.025質量%以上之乳酸,均增強了酸酪乳風味。又,根據比較例1~3之結果可知,若不含有乳酸,則即便含有SNF亦未增強酸酪乳風味。 As can be seen from Table 1, by containing 0.025 mass % or more of lactic acid in each of Examples 1 to 9, the flavor of yogurt was enhanced with respect to Comparative Examples 1 to 3 that did not contain lactic acid. In addition, from the results of Comparative Examples 1 to 3, if lactic acid was not contained, even if SNF was contained, the flavor of yogurt was not enhanced.
相對於實施例7~9,比較例4由於將SNF增加至0.015質量%,故而源自乳蛋白質之白濁與沈澱明顯,而不適合作為透明飲料。 In Comparative Example 4, since SNF was increased to 0.015 mass % with respect to Examples 7 to 9, turbidity and sedimentation derived from milk protein were obvious, and it was not suitable as a transparent beverage.
根據以上可知,若SNF為0.0005質量%以上且0.01質量%以下之範圍內,則可藉由乳酸而增強酸酪乳風味,且實現透明之碳酸飲料。 From the above, when SNF is in the range of 0.0005 mass % or more and 0.01 mass % or less, the flavor of yogurt milk can be enhanced by lactic acid, and a transparent carbonated beverage can be realized.
‧實驗2 ‧Experiment 2
<實施例及比較例> <Examples and Comparative Examples>
將實施例2之二氧化碳容量「3.0」變更為表2所示之氣體容量,除此以外,藉由與實施例2相同之方式獲得容器裝碳酸飲料。 A carbonated beverage in a container was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the carbon dioxide capacity "3.0" in Example 2 was changed to the gas capacity shown in Table 2.
對所獲得之碳酸飲料進行評價及測定,將結果示於表2。再者,於實驗2中,將實施例2之碳酸飲料作為對照品(評分4分)。 The obtained carbonated drinks were evaluated and measured, and the results are shown in Table 2. Furthermore, in Experiment 2, the carbonated beverage of Example 2 was used as a control substance (score of 4 points).
根據表2可知,於改變氣體容量之情形時,相較於氣體容量為3.5之比較例5、氣體容量為3.8之比較例6而言,氣體容量為3之實施例2、氣體容量為1.6之實施例10、氣體容量為2.4之實施例11之酸酪乳風味較強。 According to Table 2, when the gas volume is changed, compared to Comparative Example 5 with a gas volume of 3.5 and Comparative Example 6 with a gas volume of 3.8, Example 2 with a gas volume of 3 and Example 2 with a gas volume of 1.6 Example 10. The yogurt milk of Example 11 with a gas capacity of 2.4 has a stronger flavor.
因此,根據表2之實驗結果可知,於氣體容量為1.5以上且未達3.5之範圍內,酸酪乳風味得到增強。 Therefore, according to the experimental result of Table 2, it turns out that the flavor of yoghurt is enhanced in the range whose gas volume is 1.5 or more and less than 3.5.
‧實驗3 ‧Experiment 3
<實施例及比較例> <Examples and Comparative Examples>
將實施例2之食鹽「0.01質量%」變更為表3所示之食鹽濃度(質量%),除此以外,藉由與實施例2相同之方式獲得容器裝碳酸飲料。 A container-packed carbonated drink was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the salt "0.01 mass %" of Example 2 was changed to the salt concentration (mass %) shown in Table 3.
對所獲得之碳酸飲料進行評價及測定,將結果示於表3。再者,於實驗3中,將實施例2之碳酸飲料作為對照品(評分4分)。 The obtained carbonated drinks were evaluated and measured, and the results are shown in Table 3. Furthermore, in Experiment 3, the carbonated beverage of Example 2 was used as a control substance (score of 4 points).
根據表3可知,相較於比較例7而言,摻合食鹽而增加了Na量之實施例2、12、13、14之酸酪乳風味較強。又,相對於食鹽為0.02質量%之實施 例12、食鹽為0.04質量%之實施例14,食鹽為0.03質量%之實施例13之酸酪乳風味得到進一步增強。 As can be seen from Table 3, compared with Comparative Example 7, the yogurt flavors of Examples 2, 12, 13, and 14 in which table salt was added and the amount of Na was increased were stronger. In addition, the flavor of yogurt in Example 13 with 0.03 mass % of salt was further enhanced with respect to Example 12 with 0.02 mass % of table salt and Example 14 with 0.04 mass % of table salt.
因此,根據表3之實驗結果可知,在食鹽為0.03質量%左右、Na量為24mg/100mL之條件下,酸酪乳風味最為增強。 Therefore, according to the experimental results in Table 3, it can be seen that the flavor of yogurt is most enhanced under the conditions of about 0.03 mass % of salt and 24 mg/100 mL of Na content.
該申請案主張以2017年6月5日提出申請之日本申請案特願2017-110618號作為基礎之優先權,將其揭示之所有內容併入本文中。 This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-110618 filed on June 5, 2017, and all the disclosures thereof are incorporated herein.
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