JP3704476B2 - Multistage forging machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multistage forging machine that forms a material into a predetermined shape with a plurality of dies and punches that are paired with each other, and belongs to the technical field of metal plastic working.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A multi-stage forging machine used when manufacturing bolts, nuts, and other various parts has a plurality of dies arranged in parallel on the machine base, while the rams approaching and moving away from these dies are each A plurality of punches are arranged so as to face each die, and each facing die and punch constitute a multi-stage forging station, and a material obtained by cutting a wire into a predetermined size is sequentially supplied to these stations. As a result, the material is formed into a product having a predetermined shape through multiple stages of forging.
[0003]
In this type of multi-stage forging machine, a ram that moves forward and backward on the machine base as the crankshaft rotates, and a material that has been forged by each forging station, is synchronized with the advance and retreat operation of the ram. Knockout means for pushing forward from the inside, and material transfer means for transferring the material and sequentially supplying it to the forging station in the next process are provided.
[0004]
Among these, the knockout means is configured such that a knockout pin is inserted through the die from behind, and the knockout pin reciprocates back and forth within a predetermined range in synchronization with the movement of the ram. Then, the forged material is pushed forward of the die by advancing the knockout pin and delivered to the material transfer means.
[0005]
In this case, the knockout means must push out the material at a timing that can be surely delivered to the material transfer means. If the timing is not appropriate, the material transfer means cannot grip the material and It will fall down below. Therefore, precise adjustment of the drive timing of the knockout means is necessary.
[0006]
Further, the material transfer means is configured to arrange a slide member that slides in the direction in which the dies are arranged in parallel on the machine base, and to reciprocate the slide member within a predetermined range in synchronization with the movement of the ram. The plurality of chuck mechanisms are attached to the slide member. The chuck mechanism is reciprocated between adjacent stations by the reciprocating motion of the slide member, and the material received at the previous process station is supplied to the next process station.
[0007]
In this case, also for this material transfer device, in order to accurately form the material, it is necessary to adjust the opening / closing timing of the chuck in synchronization with the advance / retreat operation of the ram.
[0008]
As described above, in this multi-stage forging machine, it is necessary to adjust the operation timing of each part, etc., but the timing, etc., differs depending on the shape of the product to be molded. Therefore, a lot of labor is required.
[0009]
In that case, in the conventional multi-stage forging machine, the above adjustment work is carried out while finely moving each part by manually rotating a flywheel provided for the purpose of stabilizing the reciprocating motion of the ram. It is. However, since the weight of the flywheel is extremely large, the rotation work is very hard work and the workability is not good.
[0010]
In addition, there exists what was described in Japanese Patent Application No. 9-3991 regarding the adjustment work of the above forging machine. According to this forging machine, the drive source is a servo motor, and the servo motor can be controlled by a pulse generator, enabling fine movement of each part during adjustment. This eliminates the need for rotating the flywheel, which frees workers from heavy labor.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, there is generally a limit to the output of the servo motor. On the other hand, in the case of a multistage forging machine for metal parts, a large force corresponding to the number of stages is required, and the technique of a single stage forging apparatus as described in this publication cannot be applied.
[0012]
Further, the forging machine described in this publication, when adjusting the reciprocating timing of the ram and the processing center, manually rotates the pulse generator of the operation panel installed at the upper part of the main body box, Look into the part to be adjusted and perform the adjustment work.
[0013]
However, in a large multistage forging machine, the operation panel and the adjusted location are located at a distance from each other. Therefore, when working alone, the operation panel reciprocates between the adjusted panel and the adjusted location every time the operation is performed. It is necessary and time consuming. Although it is possible to share the work among a plurality of workers, not only a lot of manpower is required, but if the consciousness among the workers is not sufficient, there is a possibility of causing a work mistake.
[0014]
Accordingly, the present invention has a first object to provide a multistage forging machine that allows easy adjustment work and enables processing of large materials, and a place where the operation panel and the adjusted part are separated from each other. A second problem is to provide a multistage forging machine that can efficiently work even with a large-sized apparatus.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is configured as follows.
[0016]
First, the invention described in claim 1 of the present application includes a plurality of dies arranged side by side on a machine base, and a plurality of punches attached to the front face of a ram that moves forward and backward toward each of these dies and facing each die. A knockout means that is disposed behind each die and is forged by the die and each punch, and pushes the material forward from the inside of each die in synchronization with the forward and backward movement of the ram, and the direction in which the dies are arranged side by side The material supplied from one side of the machine base or the material extruded from the upper die by the knockout means is held and transferred to the front position of the lower die, and the punch The same number of material transfer means as the dies that release the holding in synchronization with the forward movement, a main motor that drives the ram via the crankshaft, and the material transfer means and knockout hand that extract power from the crankshaft. A multi-stage forging molding machine having a power transmission mechanism for driving the characterized a servomotor capable of driving the crankshaft, that the pulse generating means for controlling the servo motor is provided.
[0017]
According to the present invention, the crankshaft can be driven by either the main motor or the servomotor. The ram can be driven via the crankshaft, and the material transfer means and the knockout means can be driven via a power transmission mechanism that extracts power from the crankshaft. In particular, since the servomotor is driven and controlled by the pulse generating means, the ram driven through the crankshaft, the material transferring means, and the knockout means can be driven and controlled by operating the pulse generating means. It becomes possible.
[0018]
The invention according to claim 2 of the present application is the multistage forging machine of the invention according to claim 1, wherein the main motor has an output shaft projecting at both ends, and one end of the output shaft. Power is output from the part to the crankshaft via a flywheel, and a servo motor can be connected to the other end part via a clutch.
[0019]
According to the present invention, it is possible to connect the output shaft of the servo motor to the output shaft of the main motor as required by the clutch, and when the clutch is connected, the output shaft and flywheel of the main motor are connected by the servo motor. The crankshaft can be driven via the wheel.
[0020]
The invention according to claim 3 of the present application is the multistage forging machine according to claim 1 of the present invention, wherein the clutch is disposed at the end of the crankshaft opposite to the end where the driving force is input from the main motor. The servo motor can be connected via the connector.
[0021]
According to the present invention, it is possible to connect the output shaft of the servo motor to the crank shaft as required by the clutch, and it is possible to drive the crank shaft by the servo motor if this clutch is connected. .
[0022]
Next, the invention according to claim 4 of the present application is the multistage forging machine according to claim 3 of the present invention, in which a flywheel is interposed between the main motor and the crankshaft, and the flywheel And a crankshaft, a clutch for connecting and disconnecting transmission of power from the main motor side to the crankshaft is provided.
[0023]
According to the present invention, the output shaft or flywheel of the main motor and the crankshaft can be connected as necessary. For example, if the clutch on the servo motor side is connected and the clutch on the flywheel side is disconnected, the crankshaft can be driven by the servomotor while the main motor and the flywheel are in idle operation. On the contrary, if the clutch on the servo motor side is disconnected and the clutch on the fly wheel side is connected, the crankshaft can be driven by the main motor via the fly wheel regardless of the servo motor. By alternately connecting the clutch on the main motor side and the clutch on the servo motor side, the fine movement adjustment by the servo motor and the operation using the huge energy of the flywheel by the main motor can be freely switched. Trial operation that requires huge forging power while adjusting is possible.
[0024]
Note that if the main motor side clutch and the servo motor side clutch are connected at the same time, the servo motor may be damaged, so an interlock mechanism may be built so that only one of the clutches is connected. desirable.
[0025]
Further, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the multistage forging machine according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, the pulse generating means can be controlled by the remote control means. Features.
[0026]
According to the present invention, since the pulse generating means can be controlled by the remote operation means, it is not necessary for the operator to be at the installation location of the pulse generating means at the time of work, and the work is performed while being positioned in front of the work place. Is possible.
[0027]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a multistage forging machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0028]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a die block 3 is disposed at a predetermined position of a machine base 2 in the multistage forging machine 1, and a wire 4 supplied from the outside is provided in the die block 3. A cutter 5 is formed to cut the material into a predetermined size to form a material, and a plurality of dies 6... 6 ranging from rough to fine are arranged in parallel at regular intervals. A plurality of punches 8... 8 are arranged on the front face of the ram 7 mounted on the machine base 2 so as to face the dies 6. Each opposing die 6 ... 6 and punch 8 ... 8 constitutes a plurality of forging stations.
[0029]
In addition, the multistage forging machine 1 is provided with a main motor 9 as a driving means. The main motor 9 drives a flywheel 11 via a belt 10 and a main motor provided in the flywheel 11. The crankshaft 13 is driven via the clutch 12. The ram 7 is connected to the crankshaft 13 via a connecting rod 14. Thus, when the main motor 9 is operated, the ram 7 moves back and forth with respect to the die block 3 as the crankshaft 13 rotates, and each punch 8 mounted on the front surface of the ram 7 when moving forward A raw material is forged between each die 6 arranged in the die block 3.
[0030]
Further, the chuck block 20 slides in the direction in which the dies 6 are juxtaposed at the front end portion of the support frame 16 having the front end portion placed on the die block 3 and the rear end portion pivotally supported by the support shaft 15. It is supported freely. The chuck block 20 includes a swing lever 22, an intermediate lever 23, a rack shaft 24, a pinion 25, a connecting member 26, and a chuck block driving rod by rotation of a cam 21 provided on the crankshaft 13. 27 is reciprocated in the XX direction in FIG. The rotation of the crankshaft 13 causes the ram 7 to be moved back and forth, and simultaneously the chuck block 20 is operated. The chuck block 20 is equal to the interval between adjacent dies 6. It is configured to reciprocate only one distance.
[0031]
Further, the same number of material transfer chucks 28... 28 as the dies 6 are attached to the front surface of the chuck block 20 at the same interval as the dies 6 are arranged side by side. The crankshaft 13 is provided with a chuck opening / closing shaft 37 driven by a drive gear 30, an intermediate gear 31, bevel gears 32 and 33, an intermediate shaft 34, and bevel gears 35 and 36. The chuck opening / closing cams 38... 38 for each chuck 28 are fixed on the chuck opening / closing shaft 37. When the chuck opening / closing shaft 37 rotates, the chuck opening / closing cams 38... 38 and FIG. The material transfer chucks 28... 28 are opened and closed via the chuck opening / closing mechanism 39 shown in FIG. Here, each chuck 28... 28 takes power from the same crankshaft 13 as the drive source of the ram 7, so that it opens and closes in synchronism with the forward and backward movement of the ram 7 and each punch when the ram 7 moves forward. Interference between 8... 8 and each chuck 28... 28 is avoided.
[0032]
In this case, the chuck opening / closing cam 38 on the chuck opening / closing shaft 37 is rotated around the chuck opening / closing shaft 37 to change the mounting phase angle of the chuck opening / closing shaft 37, thereby the material transfer chucks 28... The opening / closing timing can be adjusted for each forging station, and the opening degree of each chuck 28... 28 in the closed state can be maintained by adjusting the attachment state of the pair of claw members constituting each chuck 28. It can be adjusted for each forging station according to the size of the material to be used.
[0033]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, knockout means 40 is provided behind the inside of the die 6. The knockout means 40 includes a knockout pin 41 having a tip inserted into the die 6, a pressing rod 42 for moving the knockout pin 41 back and forth, a screw sleeve 43 for fitting the pressing rod 42 therein, and the screw sleeve. A lock nut 44 that is screwed into the screw nut 43, and the screw sleeve 43 is rotated in a loosened state to move the screw sleeve 43 back and forth, whereby the tip of the knockout pin 41 when retracted. The position can be adjusted according to the blank shape.
[0034]
Further, a crank mechanism 50 and a cam mechanism 60 for moving the knockout means 40 back and forth are provided behind and below the knockout means 40. The crank mechanism 50 includes a main shaft 51 that is driven by a crankshaft 13 through a transmission mechanism (not shown), an eccentric wheel 52 that is rotatably supported by the main shaft 51, and one end supported by the eccentric wheel 52. The connecting rod 53 is configured to move the connecting rod 53 back and forth. The cam mechanism 60 is connected to the connecting rod 53 via a connecting pin 61 and is swingably supported by a base shaft 62. The cam mechanism 60 swings by a support shaft 64 above the swing lever 63. A rocker arm 68 having a cam member 65 that is freely supported, a roller member 66 that is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cam member 65, and that is swingably supported by a support shaft 67; The knockout lever 69 is fixed to the upper end.
[0035]
According to this, when the crankshaft 13 rotates, the knockout lever 69 moves back and forth via the crank mechanism 50 and the cam mechanism 60, and the knocker 70 provided at the front end of the knockout lever 69 is The blank is pushed forward from the inside of the die 6 by moving the pressing rod 43 and the knockout pin 41 of the knockout means 40 forward.
[0036]
Further, the mounting state of the cam member 65 with respect to the swing lever 63 can be adjusted by rotating the nut member 72 screwed into the screw member 71 disposed at the lower end portion of the cam member 65 of the cam mechanism 60. It is possible. Thereby, the amount of forward movement of the knocker 70 is changed, and the tip position of the knockout pin 41 when moving forward can be adjusted.
[0037]
In addition to the above-described configuration, the multistage forging machine 1 has a shaft end on the opposite side to the output of power to the crankshaft 13 of the main motor 9 having an output shaft 9a projecting at both ends. A servo motor 80 is provided via a servo motor clutch 81. Thus, the crankshaft 13 can be driven via the output shaft 9 a of the main motor 9 by operating the servomotor 80 in a non-operating state of the main motor 9.
[0038]
As shown in FIG. 1, the machine base 2 is provided with an operation panel 90 provided with operation switches, and a fine movement of the servo motor 80 is performed by a pulse generator 91 provided on the operation panel 90. Rotation control is possible. Accordingly, the crankshaft 13 can be finely rotated by operating the pulse generator 91 and finely moving the servomotor 80 with the servomotor clutch 81 connected. The ram 7 that is driven in this manner, and the material transfer chuck 28 and the knockout means 40 that are operated by the power extracted from the crankshaft 13 can be finely moved.
[0039]
The multistage forging machine 1 is provided with a remote operation device 92 separated from the main body, and the pulse generator 91 can be remotely operated by the remote operation device 92.
[0040]
Next, the operation of the multistage forging machine 1 will be described.
[0041]
First, the operation during normal product processing work will be described. If the main motor 9 is operated with the servo motor clutch 81 disconnected, the flywheel 11 is rotated via the belt 10. At that time, if the flywheel 11 is connected to the crankshaft 13 by the main clutch 12 provided in the flywheel 11, the crankshaft 13 rotates and power is taken out from the ram 7 and the crankshaft 13. The material transfer chuck 28 and the knockout means 40 are driven.
[0042]
That is, as shown in FIG. 1, in the state where the ram 7 is retracted and the punch 8 attached to the front surface of the ram 7 is separated from the die 6, each material transfer chuck 28 is connected to the chuck opening / closing shaft 37. 2 is opened to the left and right from the state shown in FIG. 2, and each material transfer chuck 28 opened to the left and right is moved by the chuck block driving rod 27 in the direction XX shown in FIG. And moved to the front surface of each die 6 at the preceding stage position. In this state, the blank is pushed out of the die 6 by the knockout pin 41 built in the die 6 and inserted into the space at the tip of the material transfer chuck 28. Then, it is held by the material transfer chuck 28 and transferred to the front surface position of the next die 6. After the transfer, the punch 8 advances toward the blank in a state where the chuck 28 is slightly opened to the extent that the blank is not dropped, so that the blank is pushed into the die 6 and forged. After the forging, the operation described in the previous stage is repeated again.
[0043]
Next, the operation during the adjustment operation of each part using the servo motor 80 will be described. First, the main motor 9 is brought into a non-operating state and the servo motor installed between the servo motor 80 and the main motor 9 is used. The servo motor 80 and the output shaft 9a of the main motor 9 are connected by the clutch 81. When the servo motor 80 is operated by the pulse generator 91, the flywheel 11 rotates via the output shaft 9a of the main motor 9. At that time, if the flywheel 11 is connected to the crankshaft 13 by the main clutch 12 as in the case of driving by the main motor 9, the crankshaft 13 rotates and the ram 7 and the crankshaft 13 The material transfer chuck 28 and the knockout means 40 that take out the power are driven. Since the servomotor 80 can be finely controlled by the pulse generator 91, the mechanism connected to the crankshaft 13 can be finely controlled.
[0044]
The adjustment operation will be described. When adjustment of the opening / closing timing of the chuck 28 is required, the chuck opening / closing cam 38 on the chuck opening / closing shaft 37 is rotated around the chuck opening / closing shaft 37, so that the chuck opening / closing shaft 37 is rotated. The mounting phase angle to the will be changed. Further, when adjustment of the opening degree in the closed state of the chuck 28 is necessary, the attachment state of the pair of claw members constituting the chuck 28 is changed. When adjustment of the tip position when the knockout pin 41 is retracted is required, the screw sleeve 43 of the knockout means 40 is rotated to move the screw sleeve 43 back and forth. Further, when the tip position of the knockout pin 41 at the time of forward movement needs to be adjusted, the rocker arm is moved back and forth by rotating the nut member 72 of the cam mechanism 60. Then, after performing the above adjustment, the servo motor 80 is finely moved to check the state, and each adjustment is repeated until the optimum state is reached.
[0045]
If the remote device 92 is used for each of the adjustment operations described above, there is no need for the operator to be in the vicinity of the operation panel 90 for the operation of the pulse generator 91, and the material transfer is a place where adjustment is required. Work can be performed while checking the adjustment status in the vicinity of the chuck 28 and the knockout means 40.
[0046]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the description, the same symbols are used for the same components as those in the first embodiment.
[0047]
As shown in FIG. 4, the multistage forging machine 1 ′ is the same as the multistage forging machine 1 according to the first embodiment, where the servo motor 80 and the servo motor clutch 81 are installed, and the crankshaft 13. The servo motor 80 'is provided via a servo motor clutch 81' on the opposite shaft end of the crankshaft 13 from which the flywheel 11 is provided. It has been. Accordingly, the output shaft of the servomotor 80 ′ and the crankshaft 13 can be connected via the servomotor clutch 81 ′. The crankshaft 13, the ram 7 connected to the crankshaft 13, and the crankshaft 13 Therefore, the material transfer chuck 28 and the knockout means 40 that take out power from the engine can be driven. If the clutch 12 on the main motor 9 side and the clutch 81 ′ on the servo motor 80 ′ side are connected at the same time, the servo motor 80 ′ may be damaged, so that only one of the clutches is connected. Interlock mechanism is assembled.
[0048]
According to this, by alternately connecting both the clutches 12 and 81 ′, it is possible to switch the drive source without stopping the operation of both the motors 9 and 80 ′. That is, even if adjustment of the material transfer chuck 28, the knockout means 40, etc. is required during the forging forming operation by the main motor 9, it is only necessary to disconnect the main clutch 12 and connect the servo motor clutch 81 '. Adjustment can be performed by the servo motor 80 '. When the adjustment by the servo motor 80 ′ is completed, it is possible to return to the forging operation by the main motor 9 simply by disconnecting the servo motor clutch 81 ′ and connecting the main clutch 12. As a result, it is not necessary to operate or stop the main motor 9 each time adjustment is performed, and work efficiency is improved.
[0049]
In this multi-stage forging machine 1 ′, if the remote control device 92 is used, the pulse generator 91 can be operated remotely, and the work can be carried out while checking the adjustment state in the vicinity of the place where adjustment is required. It is possible.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the invention of the present application, the flywheel is rotated by the servo motor accompanying the adjustment of the multistage forging machine, so that the manual rotation of the flywheel becomes unnecessary, and the burden on the operator is reduced. In addition to being reduced, the main motor enables processing of large materials. Moreover, even if it is a large sized apparatus in which the operation panel and the place to be adjusted are separated from each other, it is possible to provide a multistage forging machine that can efficiently perform work by remote control means.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a multistage forging machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the vicinity of a material transfer chuck of the multistage forging machine.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the multistage forging machine.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a multistage forging machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 1 'Multi-stage forging machine 6 Die 7 Ram 8 Punch 9 Main motor 11 Flywheel 12 Main clutch (clutch)
13 Crankshaft 28 Material transfer chuck (Material transfer means)
40 Knockout means 80, 80 ′ Servo motor 81, 81 ′ Servo motor clutch (clutch)
91 Pulse generator (pulse generation means)
92 Remote operation device (remote operation means)

Claims (5)

A plurality of dies arranged side by side on the machine base, a plurality of punches attached to the front surface of the ram that moves forward and backward toward each of these dies, and facing each die; And a knockout means for extruding the material forged by the punches forward from the inside of each die in synchronization with the forward / backward movement of the ram, and a reciprocating support in the direction in which the dies are arranged side by side, The same number of dies that hold the material supplied from the side or the material pushed from the upper die by the knockout means and transfer it to the front position of the lower die and release the holding in synchronization with the advance of the punch Each of the material transfer means, a main motor that drives the ram via a crankshaft, and a power transmission mechanism that extracts power from the crankshaft and drives the material transfer means and the knockout means. A step-variable forging molding machine, multi-stage forging molding machine, characterized in that a servomotor capable of driving the crankshaft, and a pulse generating means for controlling the servo motor is provided. The main motor has an output shaft projecting at both ends. Power is output from one end of the output shaft to the crankshaft via the flywheel, and a servo motor is connected to the other end via a clutch. The multistage forging machine according to claim 1, wherein the multistage forging machine is capable of being connected. 2. The multistage forging molding according to claim 1, wherein a servo motor can be connected to an end portion of the crankshaft opposite to an end portion where driving force is input from a main motor via a clutch. Machine. A flywheel is interposed between the main motor and the crankshaft, and a clutch for connecting / disconnecting transmission of power from the main motor side to the crankshaft is provided between the flywheel and the crankshaft. The multistage forging machine according to claim 3. The multistage forging machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pulse generating means is controllable by remote control means.

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