JP3698970B2 - AC electric machine for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vehicular AC electric machine that is mounted on a vehicle and performs a motor operation and a generator operation, and more particularly to a vehicular AC electric machine that includes a rotational position detector provided for control.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional vehicular AC electric machine provided with a control rotational position detector. This AC electric machine has a pulley 60 for enabling bidirectional power transmission with the engine at one end on the right side of FIG. The pulley 60 is fixed to the end of the rotary shaft 12 with a nut 61.
[0003]
A rotor core 8 is fixed to the rotary shaft 12, and a field winding 9 is wound around the rotor core 8. The rotor core 8, the field winding 9, and the rotating shaft 12 constitute a rotor 10. Stator core 1 is arranged to face rotor 10. A multiphase stator winding 2 is wound around the stator core 1. The stator core 1 and the multiphase stator winding 2 constitute a stator 3.
[0004]
The rotor 10 and the stator 3 are accommodated in the bracket 80. The rotor 10 is rotatably supported by a pair of bearings 16 and 17. The bearings 16 and 17 and the stator 3 are fixed in the bracket 80. A slip ring 15 that supplies current to the field winding 9 is provided on one side of the rotating shaft 12. A pair of brushes 13 that are brought into sliding contact with the slip ring 15 are provided. Further, a brush holder that houses a spring 14 that presses the brush 13 against the slip ring 15 is provided.
[0005]
A resolver 20 as a control rotational position detector is disposed on the opposite side of the pulley 60 behind the AC electric machine. The resolver 20 includes a rotor 21 and a stator 22. The rotor 21 is fixed to the end 12 a of the rotating shaft 12. The stator 22 has a stator winding 22a.
[0006]
The resolver 20 is fixed to the resolver bracket 80a by a retainer 24 and a screw 23 that fix the stator 22 in the axial direction. The retainer 24 has an annular shape and is fastened to the resolver bracket 80 a with a screw 23. A cover 25 is provided on the outside of the resolver 20 to protect the resolver 20 against invading substances from the outside.
[0007]
Next, the operation will be described. When an excitation current is supplied to the field winding 9 via the brush 13 and the slip ring 15, a magnetic flux is generated in the rotor core 8. When the engine is started by the operation of the electric motor, in this state, by supplying the other-phase alternating current to the multiphase stator winding 2, a rotational force is generated in the rotor 10, and the rotational force is transmitted by the belt via the pulley 60. And the engine is driven. In this example, the pulley 60 and the poly V belt are used as the rotational force transmission means, but the belt may be a toothed belt or a chain.
[0008]
On the other hand, when electric power is supplied to the vehicle electrical load by the generator operation, the exciting current is supplied to the field winding 9 through the brush 13 and the slip ring 15 and magnetic flux is generated in the iron core 8, and the rotational force is applied to the rotor. Is transmitted from the engine to the pulley 60 via a belt, and when the rotor rotates, electric power is generated in the multiphase stator winding 2.
[0009]
In the vehicular AC electric machine having such a configuration, when the excitation coil of the stator 22 of the resolver 20 is energized while the rotor 21 of the resolver 20 is rotated, the winding of the stator 22 has a sine curve and a cosine curve. A changing two-phase output voltage is generated. And a rotation angle (absolute position) is calculated by comparing both.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional vehicle AC electric machine having such a configuration, as described above, the resolver 20 as the control rotational position detector is based on the voltage induced in the stator winding 22 a wound around the stator 22. The rotation angle is calculated. For this reason, there is a problem that an accurate rotation angle cannot be detected when the leakage magnetic flux from the AC electric machine main body 100 is linked to the stator winding 22a.
[0011]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can reduce noise generated in a control rotational position detector and can accurately detect a rotational angle. The purpose is to obtain.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the vehicular AC electric machine according to the present invention, the first rotating shaft rotatably supported by the pair of bearings, the rotor core fixed to the first rotating shaft, and the field wound around the rotor core Supports a rotor having a magnetic winding, a stator core disposed opposite to the rotor, a stator having a multiphase stator winding wound around the stator core, and a pair of bearings and a stator An AC electric machine body having a bracket to be connected, a second rotating shaft coupled to the first rotating shaft via a large magnetic resistance portion, a second rotor fixed to the second rotating shaft, and a second rotating shaft And a control rotational position detector having a second stator winding that generates an output voltage based on rotation of the two rotors.
The large magnetoresistive portion is formed between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft so as to have a larger diameter than the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft. It is a coupling coupled through a non-magnetic substance that reduces the magnetic flux leaking to the rotating shaft of the motor .
[0015]
The second rotating shaft is made of a nonmagnetic material.
[0016]
Further, only a washer is used as a fixing means of the control rotational position detector.
[0017]
In addition, the AC electric machine main body is installed in a vehicle engine so as to be able to transmit bidirectional power by a transmission means such as a belt or a chain, and can start the engine by an electric motor operation and supply electric power to the vehicle by an electric generator operation.
[0018]
Further, the large magnetoresistive part and the rotational position detector for control are provided on the opposite side to the transmission means of the AC electric machine main body.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of an AC electric machine for vehicles according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, this AC electric machine has a pulley 60 at one end for enabling bidirectional power transmission with the engine. The pulley 60 is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft 12 as the first rotating shaft by a nut 61.
[0020]
A rotor core 8 is fixed to the rotary shaft 12. A field winding 9 is wound around the rotor core 8. The rotor core 8, the field winding 9, and the rotating shaft 12 constitute a rotor 10. Stator core 1 is arranged to face rotor 10. A multiphase stator winding 2 is wound around the stator core 1. The stator core 1 and the multiphase stator winding 2 constitute a stator 3.
[0021]
The rotor 10 and the stator 3 are accommodated in the bracket 80. The rotor 10 is rotatably supported by a pair of bearings 16 and 17. The bearings 16 and 17 and the stator 3 are fixed in the bracket 80. A slip ring 15 that supplies current to the field winding 9 is provided on one side of the rotating shaft 12. A pair of brushes 13 that are brought into sliding contact with the slip ring 15 are provided. Further, a brush holder that houses a spring 14 that presses the brush 13 against the slip ring 15 is provided. The above parts, that is, the rotor 10, the stator 3, the bracket 80, the pulley 60, the slip ring 15, the brush 13, and the spring 14 constitute an AC electric machine main body 100 as a main part of the AC electric machine.
[0022]
A resolver 20 as a control rotational position detector is disposed on the opposite side of the pulley 60 behind the AC electric machine main body 100. The resolver 20 includes a rotor 21 as a second rotor and a stator 22 as a second stator. The stator 22 has a stator winding 22a as a second stator winding. The output of the resolver 20 is as very small as 2 to 3 V and does not function as a generator. The resolver 20 constitutes a rotational position detector for control, that is, a pickup of the AC electric machine main body 100.
[0023]
The rotor 21 is fixed to a rotating shaft 30 as a second rotating shaft. The rotating shaft 30 is rotatably supported by a bearing 31. The bearing 31 is fixed to the resolver bracket 80a by a retaining ring 34. The rotating shaft 30 is made of a nonmagnetic metal such as stainless steel, copper, or aluminum.
[0024]
The first rotary shaft 12 and the second rotary shaft 30 are coupled by a coupling 32 coupled via a nonmagnetic substance 33 such as stainless steel . Ca Ppuringu 3 2 constitutes a magnetoresistance most to reduce the magnetic flux leaking from the first rotary shaft 12 to the second rotating shaft 30.
[0025]
The resolver 20 is fixed to the resolver bracket 80a by a retainer 24 and a screw 23 that fix the stator 22 in the axial direction. The retainer 24 has an annular shape and is fastened to the resolver bracket 80 a with a screw 23. A cover 25 is provided on the outside of the resolver 20 to protect the resolver 20 against invading substances from the outside.
[0026]
For this reason, in the vehicle AC electric machine according to the present embodiment, the first rotating shaft 12 that is rotatably supported by the pair of bearings 16 and 17, and the rotor fixed to the first rotating shaft 12. A rotor 10 having a core 8 and a field winding 9 wound around the rotor core 8, a stator core 1 disposed opposite to the rotor 10, and a polyphase wound around the stator core 1. An AC electric machine main body 100 having a stator 3 having a stator winding 2, a pair of bearings 16 and 17, and a bracket 80 for supporting the stator 3, and a first magnetoresistive portion interposed between the first rotary shaft 12 and a magnetoresistive portion. The second rotating shaft 30 coupled to the second rotating shaft 30, the second rotor 21 fixed to the second rotating shaft 30, and the second stator that generates an output voltage based on the rotation of the second rotor 21. And a resolver 20 having a winding 22a. In such a winding field type rotating electrical machine, the magnetic flux interlinking with the stator winding 22a of the resolver 20 is generated by a large magnetoresistive portion provided between the first and second rotating shafts 12 and 30. The noise generated in the resolver 20 is reduced, and the rotation angle can be accurately detected.
[0027]
The major part of the magnetoresistance is a coupling 32 coupled via a nonmagnetic substance 33. Therefore, the magnetic flux interlinking with the stator winding 22a of the resolver 20 is reduced by the nonmagnetic substance 33 provided between the first and second rotating shafts 12 and 30 becoming a magnetic resistance, and the resolver The noise generated in 20 can be further reliably reduced, and the rotation angle can be detected more accurately.
[0028]
The second rotating shaft 30 is made of a nonmagnetic material. Since the second rotating shaft 30 to which the rotor 21 of the resolver 20 is fixed is made of a nonmagnetic material, that is, a nonmagnetic metal or resin, the second rotating shaft 30 does not constitute a magnetic circuit. The magnetic flux linked to the 20 stator windings 22a is reduced, noise generated in the resolver 20 is reduced, and the rotation angle can be detected more accurately.
[0029]
The AC electric machine main body 100 is installed in a vehicle engine so that bidirectional power can be transmitted by transmission means such as a belt and a pulley 60, and can start the engine by an electric motor operation and supply electric power to the vehicle by an electric generator operation. is there. The noise generated in the resolver 20 is reduced by reducing the magnetic flux linked to the stator winding 22a of the resolver 20 even when the engine is started by the motor operation of the AC electric machine main body 100 and when the power is supplied to the vehicle by the generator operation. As a result, the controllability of the vehicle is improved.
[0030]
Further, the large magnetoresistive part and the resolver 20 are provided on the side opposite to the transmission means such as the pulley 60 of the AC electric machine main body 100. Therefore, a space for installing the resolver 20 can be easily secured, and the first rotating shaft 12 and the second rotating shaft 30 can be provided on the same axis, thereby simplifying the configuration. Can do.
[0031]
In the present embodiment, the nonmagnetic substance 33 is stainless steel or the like, but may be a nonmagnetic metal such as copper or aluminum, or air / resin. Here, when air is used as the non-magnetic substance 33, the coupling 32 is a double-sided bottomed cylinder that traps air therein.
[0032]
In the present embodiment, the large magnetoresistive part and the resolver 20 are provided on the side opposite to the transmission unit. However, as long as the space and the coupling mechanism can be configured, the transmission unit side, that is, the front side of the AC electric machine. It may be provided.
[0033]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the automotive AC electric machine of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the first rotating shaft 12 is extended to the opposite side of the pulley 60 to form the second rotating shaft 36. Between the first rotating shaft 12 and the second rotating shaft 36, a small shaft diameter portion 37 is provided as a large magnetic resistance portion. The small shaft diameter portion 37 reduces magnetic flux leaking from the first rotating shaft 12 to the second rotating shaft 30.
Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
[0034]
Thus, in the present embodiment, the large magnetoresistive portion is the small shaft diameter portion 37 provided between the first rotating shaft 12 and the second rotating shaft 36. The magnetic flux interlinking with the stator winding 22a of the resolver 20 is reduced by the small-diameter portion 37 provided between the first and second rotating shafts 12, 36, and noise generated in the resolver 20 is reduced. In addition, the rotation angle can be detected more accurately. Further, since the large magnetoresistive portion is the small shaft diameter portion 37, it can be easily provided, and the AC electric machine can be made compact without increasing its overall length.
[0035]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the automotive AC electric machine according to the present invention. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrow P in FIG. In the present embodiment, the stator 22 of the resolver 20 is fixed to the resolver bracket 80 a by pressing the iron core of the stator 20 with the washer 26 and fixing with the screw 23. That is, the resolver 20 is fixed only by the washer 26, and the annular retainer used in the first embodiment and the conventional example is not used. Since a large load is not applied to the resolver 20 in the axial direction, only the washer 26 is sufficient for fixing.
Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
[0036]
Thus, in the present embodiment, only the washer 26 is used as the fixing means of the resolver 20. And since a retainer is abolished, a number of parts reduces and an assembly workability | operativity improves. Further, the material can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
In the vehicular AC electric machine according to the present invention, the first rotating shaft rotatably supported by the pair of bearings, the rotor core fixed to the first rotating shaft, and the field wound around the rotor core Supports a rotor having a magnetic winding, a stator core disposed opposite to the rotor, a stator having a multiphase stator winding wound around the stator core, and a pair of bearings and a stator An AC electric machine body having a bracket to be connected, a second rotating shaft coupled to the first rotating shaft via a large magnetic resistance portion, a second rotor fixed to the second rotating shaft, and a second rotating shaft And a control rotational position detector having a second stator winding that generates an output voltage based on rotation of the two rotors. The large magnetoresistive portion is formed between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft so as to have a larger diameter than the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft. It is a coupling coupled through a non-magnetic substance that reduces the magnetic flux leaking to the rotating shaft of the motor . In a wound field rotary electric machine, a field winding is wound around a rotor core and is fixed to a rotating shaft. Therefore, when a field current is applied to the field winding and a magnetic flux is generated in the rotor core, a leakage flux is generated with the rotation axis as the magnetic path, and the stator winding of the control rotational position detector The interlinkage causes noise, but as described above, the magnetic flux interlinked with the stator winding of the control rotational position detector is rotated between the first and second rotating shafts by the first rotation. Magnetoresistive large portion that is a coupling formed through a non-magnetic substance that has a larger diameter than the shaft and the second rotating shaft and reduces magnetic flux leaking from the first rotating shaft to the second rotating shaft Therefore, noise generated in the control rotational position detector is reliably reduced, and the rotational angle can be accurately detected.
[0040]
The second rotating shaft is made of a nonmagnetic material. By making the second rotating shaft for fixing the rotor of the rotational position detector for control a nonmagnetic substance, that is, a nonmagnetic metal or resin, the second rotating shaft does not constitute a magnetic circuit. The magnetic flux linked to the stator winding of the control rotational position detector is reduced, noise generated in the control rotational position detector is reduced, and the rotational angle can be detected more accurately.
[0041]
Further, only a washer is used as a fixing means of the control rotational position detector. By using only a washer as a fixing means for the rotational position detector for control, the retainer can be eliminated, so the number of parts is reduced and the assembly workability is improved. Further, the material can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.
[0042]
In addition, the AC electric machine main body is installed in a vehicle engine so as to be able to transmit bidirectional power by a transmission means such as a belt or a chain, and can start the engine by an electric motor operation and supply electric power to the vehicle by an electric generator operation. The magnetic flux linked to the stator winding of the control rotational position detector is reduced at the start of the engine by the motor operation of the AC electric machine main body and when the power is supplied to the vehicle by the generator operation, so that the control rotational position is reduced. Since noise generated in the detector is reduced, the controllability of the vehicle is improved.
[0043]
Further, the large magnetoresistive part and the rotational position detector for control are provided on the opposite side to the transmission means of the AC electric machine main body. On the front side of the AC electric machine main body, a pulley or the like as a transmission means is provided, and it is difficult to provide a space for installing the control rotational position detector and a connection means between the control rotational position detector and the AC electric machine main body. If it is on the side opposite to the transmission means, a space for installing the control rotational position detector can be easily secured, and the first rotation shaft and the second rotation shaft can be provided on the same axis. Therefore, the configuration can be simplified.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an automotive electric machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the automotive AC electric machine of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the automotive AC electric machine according to the present invention.
4 is a view taken in the direction of arrow P in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional vehicular AC electric machine equipped with a control rotational position detector.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 stator core, 2 multiphase stator winding, 3 stator, 8 rotor core, 9 field winding, 10 rotor, 12 first rotating shaft, 16, 17 bearing, 20 resolver (control rotation) Position detector), 21 second rotor, 22 second stator, 22a second stator winding, 26 washer, 30, 36 second rotating shaft, 32 coupling (large magnetoresistance), 33 Nonmagnetic substance (magnetoresistive part), 37 Shaft diameter small part (magnetoresistive part), 60 pulley (transmission means), 80, 80a bracket, 100 AC electric machine main body.

Claims (5)

A rotor having a first rotating shaft rotatably supported by a pair of bearings, a rotor core fixed to the first rotating shaft, and a field winding wound around the rotor core;
A stator core disposed opposite to the rotor, and a stator having a multiphase stator winding wound around the stator core;
An AC electric machine main body having a bracket for supporting the pair of bearings and the stator;
A second rotating shaft coupled to the first rotating shaft via a magnetoresistive portion, a second rotor fixed to the second rotating shaft, and rotation of the second rotor A rotational position detector for control having a second stator winding for generating an output voltage based on
The magnetoresistive large portion is formed between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft so as to have a larger diameter than the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, and the first rotating shaft An AC electric machine for vehicles, wherein the coupling is coupled via a non-magnetic substance that reduces magnetic flux leaking from the shaft to the second rotating shaft . The vehicular AC electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the second rotating shaft is made of a nonmagnetic material. The vehicle AC electric machine according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein only a washer is used as a fixing means of the control rotational position detector. The AC electric machine main body is installed in a vehicle engine so as to be able to transmit two-way power by a transmission means such as a belt or a chain, and can start the engine by an electric motor operation and supply electric power to the vehicle by an electric generator operation. automotive AC electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized. The vehicular AC electric machine according to claim 4 , wherein the magnetoresistive large part and the control rotational position detector are provided on the opposite side of the AC electric machine main body from the transmission means.

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