JP3694818B2

JP3694818B2 - Elastic rubber products

Info

Publication number: JP3694818B2
Application number: JP13575996A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 恵生山田
Original assignee: 株式会社アサヒテック
Priority date: 1996-05-02
Filing date: 1996-05-02
Publication date: 2005-09-14
Anticipated expiration: 2016-05-02
Also published as: JPH09296052A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は弾性ゴム製品に関し、特に紙オムツ、ゴム入り織物、ゴム紐、被覆ゴム糸、その他の伸縮弾性を必要とする製品類等に対し、変化に富んだ伸縮弾性を付与するのに適した弾性ゴム製品に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来より、使い捨て製品類、産業資材製品類、医療製品類、衣類及びその付属雑品類、梱包資材類、その他の伸縮弾性を必要とする製品類ではゴムシート、糸ゴム、ゴムテープ、ゴムバンド、リング状ゴム、これらに糸状繊維を製織、製組、巻きつけた弾性ゴム製品が使用されている。
【０００３】
ここで、使い捨て製品類には使い捨ての紙や不織布で製造されたオムツ、生理ナプキン、パンティライナー、マスク、ヘアーキャップ、下着、ガウン、ワークウェアー等が、又産業資材製品類には水中メガネ、防風及び／又は防塵メガネ、防風及び／又は防塵マスク、ゴムネット、ゴム牽引ロープ、弾性体入りカールコード等が、医療製品類にはサッポーター、姿勢矯正バンド、整体バンド、包帯等が、衣類及びその付属雑品類にはゴム入織物、ゴムひも、被覆ゴム糸、パンツ、ショーツ、トランクス、ズボン下、ガードル、くつ下、タイツ、水着、パジャマ、帽子等が、さらには梱包資材類にはゴムバンド、ゴム紐結束機に使用されるゴム紐類等が知られている。
【０００４】
上述の製品類の多くは使い捨て製品や消耗品であるという理由により、低コスト化と大量生産性の観点から、機械を用いて連続的に製造されるのが一般的である。また、上述の製品類を使用する場合、弾性ゴム製品やこれを取付けた部分を身体や物体の所定の位置に係止し、密着、結束又は心地よいフィットを確保し、製品類の使用中におけるずり下がりやずり上がり等の位置ずれ、外れ、結束ミス等を防止している。
【０００５】
ところで、上述の弾性ゴム製品はその特性上、切断に至る引っ張り応力荷重以下において一定荷重以上の引っ張り応力を掛ければ掛けるほど引っ張り応力は強くなって伸びが大きくなる一方、その引っ張りを緩めれば緩めるほど引っ張り応力が弱くなって伸びが小さくなり、やがて引っ張り伸びがなくなると引っ張り応力がなくなり、引っ張る前の状態に復帰するが、初回の引っ張り緊張による伸縮弾性及びその弛み解放による伸縮弾性は、次回以降の引っ張り緊張及びその弛み解放による伸縮弾性とほぼ同じ様な特性を示す。
【０００６】
かかる弾性ゴム製品を上述の製品類に適用するにあたっては製品類に伸縮弾性を付与する製造方法が採用されるが、製品類の使用用途、製造方法、必要とする伸縮弾性の特徴等に応じて種々な方法がある。例えば、▲１▼弾性ゴム製品を製品類に縫製する方法、▲２▼製品類に縫製、接着、圧着又は熱着にて袋状部分を形成し、その中に弾性ゴム製品を挿入する方法、▲３▼弾性ゴム製品を引っ張った状態で製品類に挿入し、接着、圧着、熱着又は縫製した後、引っ張りを解放して伸縮弾性を付与する方法。▲４▼引っ張った状態で挿入し、糸状繊維を製織、製組又は巻付け、引っ張りを解放して伸縮弾性を付与する方法、▲５▼弾性ゴム製品自体を製品類に取付ける方法、▲６▼弾性ゴム製品自体が製品類となって伸縮弾性が設けられる方法、等が知られている。
【０００７】
例えば、紙おむつでは胴回りに適度な締め付け部分又はギャザーを、脚のつけね又は脚回りに沿って適度な締め付け部分又はギャザーを形成し、尿の洩れを防止する構造が採用されている。かかる胴回りの締め付け部分や脚回りの締め付けギャザーは弾性ゴム製品を引っ張った状態で紙おむつ製造機に連続的に搬送して紙おむつに接着、圧着又は熱着し、引っ張りを解放して締め付けやギャザーのための伸縮弾性を付与することが行われる。生理ナプキン、パンティライナーも同じ様なことが行われている。
【０００８】
また、パンツ、ショーツ、トランクス等の下着、パジャマ、帽子、水着等の衣類、サポーター、ゴムネット、ゴム牽引ロープ、緩衝ゴムコード、弾性体入りカールコード、靴下等では、ゴム入り織物、ゴム紐、被覆ゴム糸を用いてその胴回りや足又は手首の身体又は物体に適度な締め付け部分を形成するが、かかるゴム入り織物、ゴム紐、被覆ゴム糸は弾性ゴム製品を引っ張った状態で製織機、製紐機、横巻き機に搬送して糸状繊維を弾性ゴム製品に織り込み、巻付け又は組み込み、引っ張りを解消して適当な伸縮弾性を付与することが行われる。
【０００９】
また、下着、水着、衣類等の製品類では、糸状繊維で加工されていない弾性ゴム製品をそのままの形状で伸ばし、その状態で縫い付けることも行われる。
【００１０】
他方、弾性体入りカールコード等では弾性ゴム製品をカールコードのカール部の中に挿入してカールコードの両端で止め、カールコードを伸ばした時に適当な伸縮弾性を付与することが行われる。
【００１１】
また、水中メガネ、防風及び／又は防塵メガネ、防風及び／又は防塵マスク、ゴムネット、緩衝ゴムコード、又は使い捨て製品の紙マスク、ガウン、ワークウェアー、ヘアーキャップ、下着、及び姿勢矯正バンド、整体バンド、ゴムバンド、ゴム紐結束機に使用されるゴム紐類等では弾性ゴム製品をそのまま使用したり、製品類に取付けたりされ、製品類を使用する時に引っ張り、伸ばされたりすることにより、適当な伸縮弾性を付与することが行われる。
【００１２】
上述の弾性ゴム製品はその特性上、弾性ゴム製品を適度に伸ばして使用でき、これにより使用し易さと、使用の心地の良さ又は物理的状態の確実な保持とを確保しているが、使用し易さと使用の心地良さやフィット感をより一層アップさせることが要求される場合には身体や物体の大きさに応じてＳ、Ｍ、Ｌや大、中、小等のサイズを設けることが広く行われる。
【００１３】
かかるサイズの付与は、尾錠や両面テープを設けて調整できるようにすることにより、あるいは弾性ゴム製品自体の断面積、体積、幅、長さ、厚み、挿入率あるいはゴム組成物、配合剤、充填剤の量、種類や配合ゴム、製造条件を変えることにより行われるのが一般的である。
【００１４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、紙おむつ、生理ナプキン、パンティライナー、マスク、パンツやトランクス等の下着、衣類等の製品類では装着の窮屈感を与えず、しかも所期の目的を達成するために、締め付けの必要な部分は強く、他の部分は弱く又はほとんど締め付けないのが望ましい。紙おむつの場合、胴回りのうちで尿の洩れ防止を必要とするのは主として腹と背中であり、従って腹部分と背中部分を強く締め付ける一方、体側部分の締め付けを弱くし、又脚回りのうちで尿の洩れ防止を必要とするのは主として脚の内側の股の前後の部分であり、従って脚の内側の股の前後の部分を強く締め付ける一方、脚の内側の股の前後の部分以外の締め付けを弱くすると、窮屈感がなく、しかも紙おむつ内への空気の出入りが円滑に行われ、股間、お尻、腹、背中のムレを防止できることが期待できる。パンツやトランクス等の下着や衣類等においての場合も同様のことが期待できる。
【００１５】
しかし、従来の弾性ゴム製品ではこれによって付与される伸縮弾性が弾性ゴム製品自体の伸びや引っ張り応力等の伸縮弾性の物性によって決定される為、種々な手法によって付与された伸縮弾性も弾性ゴム製品に順じた伸縮弾性となってしまう。
【００１６】
即ち、従来の弾性ゴム製品では前述のゴム弾性の特徴を有し、全体が一様に伸縮し、その伸縮が繰り返される為、あるいは上述の製品類の一部において連続製造方法が採用される為、又は上述の製品類が小さいか、使用される弾性ゴム製品が少ない為、変化に富んだ伸縮弾性ができず、上述のような工夫は採用しえないという問題があった。
【００１７】
また、紙オムツ、生理ナプキン、パンティライナー、マスク、パンツやトランクス等の下着、衣類、その他の製品類については製造者側から考察すると、製品類の品種や製造工程の簡素化、部品の統一化、在庫・生産設備の合理化の観点等から、Ｓ、Ｍ、Ｌや大、中、小のサイズを統合するのが望ましい。他方、使用者側からすると、Ｓ、Ｍ、Ｌや大、中、小の中も更に細分化して使用でき、身体の大きさや形状の個人差、物体の形状や大きさに上手くフィットできるようにするのが望ましい。
【００１８】
例えば、紙マスクの場合、紙マスクに取付けられた弾性ゴム製品を利用して紙マスクを顔面に装着する場合、サイズ的にはＳサイズであっても、弾性ゴム製品を全体的又は部分的に伸ばすことによってＳサイズを超えたサイズで使用できれば、サイズを統合できるとともにサイズ細分化の要望にも対応できることが期待できる。また、紙オムツ、パンツやトランクス等の下着、衣類、その他の製品類についても同様のことが期待できる。
【００１９】
本発明は、かかる点に鑑み、紙オムツ、ゴム入り織物、ゴム紐、被覆ゴム糸、その他の伸縮弾性を必要とする製品類等に対し、変化に富んだ伸縮弾性を付与するのに適した弾性ゴム製品を提供することを課題とする。
【００２０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本件発明者らは上述の点に鑑み、弾性ゴム製品の変化に富んだ伸縮弾性を形成すべく種々検討した結果、加硫後のゴム組成物に比し、引っ張り応力物性が強く、伸縮の異なる繊維状の添加物を加硫前のゴム組成物に添加して混合し、該混合物を加硫して弾性ゴム製品を製造し、所定の一定以上の荷重を掛けて引っ張ると、その引っ張った部分については初期の引っ張り応力と伸びの伸縮弾性が損なわれ、変化することを見出した。繊維状添加物の詳細な挙動は特定し難いが、所定の一定以上の荷重を掛ける前には繊維状添加物が加硫後のゴム中で相互に絡まり、あるいはゴムに結合し、溶け込み、大きな引っ張り応力と小さな伸縮となっている一方、所定の一定以上の荷重を掛けると、繊維状添加物がゴムの中でずれたり、ちぎれたり、剥がれたり、抜けたり、絡まりが外れたり、伸びきったりすることにより、繊維状添加物の影響が損なわれ又は減少されて引っ張り応力及び伸びが変化するものと考えられる。
【００２１】
そこで、本発明の基本的な考え方は、加硫したゴム組成物に比して引っ張り応力物性が強く、かつ伸縮の異なる繊維状の添加物を加硫前のゴム組成物に添加し混合し、該混合物を加硫して弾性ゴム製品としたものである。
【００２２】
通常、弾性ゴム製品は延伸されて引っ張られることにより使用されるが、本発明の主たる特徴は繊維状添加物が弾性ゴム製品の伸縮物性に影響を与え、その影響を損なわせ又は減少させることがでるようにした点にある。かかる弾性ゴム製品は全体を引っ張り応力が強く、伸縮の小さい状態で製造し、必要な部分に所定の一定以上の引っ張り応力を掛けて繊維状添加物の影響を損なわせ又は減少させることができる。即ち、必要な部分は引っ張り強さを強く、他の部分は引っ張り強さを弱く、又必要な部分は縮みが大きく、他の部分は縮みが小さく、又必要な部分は伸びが大きく、他の部分は伸びが小さくし、変化の富んだ伸縮弾性を付与することができる。
【００２３】
また、上述の特徴を応用し、製品類の単品又は個々に使用されている弾性ゴム製品を所定の一定以上の引っ張り応力で全体的に又は部分的に伸ばす処置をすることにより、弾性ゴム製品の引っ張り強さ、伸び、縮みの応力物性を全体的又は部分的に調整することができる。
【００２４】
また、上述の伸ばす処置を途中で止めることにより、上述の伸縮の変化を途中で止めることも可能であり、又途中で止めた後、さらに所定の一定以上の引っ張り応力にまで伸ばす処置を行うことにより、最初から所定の一定以上の引っ張り応力を掛けた状態にすることもできる。必要な部分と他の部分は製品類の使用の用途に応じ選択することができる。
【００２５】
弾性ゴム製品の形状は全体として糸状、テープ状、シート状、リング状、ゴムバンド状、チューブ状を採用できる。これらの形状の断面は角形、丸形、又は楕円形、半円形、波形、偏平形、凸・逆凸形等の種々の異形が採用でき、断面の形状には限定されない。この弾性ゴム製品は引っ張り強さが強く、又は伸びが小さいか又はほとんどない少なくとも１つの非伸長部分と、引っ張り強さが弱く、又は伸びの大きい少なくとも１つの伸長部分とを連続させた構造とするのが好ましい。
【００２６】
非伸長部分及び伸長部分の数及び長さは特に限定されず、弾性ゴム製品及びこれを使用する製品及び／又は製品各部の機能に応じて適宜選択する。また、非伸長部分及び伸長部分を設定した上で、弾性ゴム製品を使用する製品を製造することに限定されず、弾性ゴム製品を使用する製品及び／又は製品各部の機能に応じて製品の状態で全体的又は部分的に非伸長部分を伸長部分に変化させる上述の伸ばし処置を適宜行うことも可能である。非伸長部分及び伸長部分の引っ張り強さはゴム組成物、配合剤・充填剤の量や種類、配合ゴム、製造条件、繊維状添加物の量や種類、伸長部分又は非伸長部分における繊維状の添加物の挙動によって変化するが、弾性ゴム製品の使用用途を考慮すると、伸長部分は混合する前のゴム組成物を加硫した後に生じる引っ張り応力物性の伸縮弾性とほぼ等しい引っ張り強さの応力物性の伸縮弾性とするのが好ましい。
【００２７】
弾性ゴム製品を紙おむつに使用する場合、長尺方向に連続する少なくとも１つの非伸長部分と少なくとも１つの伸長部分とを、繊維状添加物の添加の影響が損なわれ又は減少されない程度の荷重でもって引っ張り、その状態で紙おむつ製造機に連続搬送して紙おむつに接着、圧着又は熱着し、その引っ張り状態を解放して非伸長部分にほとんど伸縮弾性がないか、又は小さな伸縮弾性を、伸長部分には大きな伸縮弾性を形成することができる。
【００２８】
また、弾性ゴム製品をゴム入り織物、ゴム紐、被覆ゴム糸に使用する場合、長尺方向に連続する少なくとも１つの非伸長部分と少なくとも１つの伸長部分とを、繊維状添加物の添加の影響が損なわれ又は減少されない程度の荷重でもって引っ張り、その引っ張った状態で製織機、製紐機や横巻き機に連続搬送し、弾性ゴム製品に糸状繊維を織り込み、製組み、又は巻付け、その引っ張り状態を解放して非伸長部分にほとんど伸縮弾性がないか、又は小さな伸縮弾性を、伸長部分には大きな伸縮弾性を形成することができる。
【００２９】
ここに、伸長部分の大きな伸縮弾性とは非伸長部分に比べて伸縮弾性が大きいことを意味する。また、非伸長部分の小さな伸縮弾性とは伸長部分に比べて伸縮弾性が小さいことを意味する。
【００３０】
紙オムツ、ゴム入り織物、ゴム紐、被覆ゴム糸において弾性ゴム製品を長尺方向に使用する場合、伸ばし処理を施す前の全体としてほぼ均一な弾性ゴム製品を繊維状添加物の添加の影響が損なわれない又は減少しない程度の荷重で引っ張り、その状態で上述の製造機や加工機械に連続搬送し、製造機や加工機械において非伸長部分と伸長部分とを設定してから、上記荷重と同じ程度の荷重でもって引っ張った状態で紙オムツ製造機に連続搬送して伸ばし処理した弾性ゴム製品を紙オムツに接着、圧着又は熱着し、あるいは製織機、製紐機、横巻き機に連続搬送して伸ばし処理した弾性ゴム製品に糸状繊維を織り込み、製組み、又は巻付け、その引っ張り状態を解放して非伸長部分にほとんど伸縮弾性がないか又は小さな伸縮弾性を、伸長部分には大きな伸縮弾性を形成することも可能であり、かかる方法も選択できる。
【００３１】
また、従来の弾性ゴム製品と本発明の弾性ゴム製品を並行に、あるいは交差又は交互に使用することもでき、これによって更に変化に富んだ伸縮弾性を付与できる。このことは紙オムツ、ゴム入り織物、ゴム紐、被覆ゴム糸以外の製品類においても同様である。
【００３２】
また、本発明の弾性ゴム製品は、所定の荷重、即ち繊維状添加物の添加の影響が損なわれ又は減少する程度の荷重を掛けて引っ張ると、その引っ張った部分の初期の引っ張り応力と伸びが損なわれ又は減少される。そこで、本発明によれば各種の製品類に適した特有の方法で製造された弾性ゴム製品を提供できる。
【００３３】
即ち、(1) ゴム組成物と繊維状添加物の混合物を圧延、押出し、抽出、浸漬又は金型成形にてシート状又はテープ状に成形して加硫し、所定幅の糸状又はテープ状に切断した糸ゴム製品又はゴムテープ製品、又は上記混合物を圧延、押出し、抽出、浸漬又は金型成形にて糸状又はシープ状に成形して加硫した糸ゴム製品又はゴムテープ製品として製造した弾性ゴム製品;
(2) 上記糸ゴム製品又はゴムテープ製品を、水中メガネ、防風及び／又は防塵メガネ、防風及び／又は防塵マスク、紙製マスク又は不織布製マスクの素材に適するように製造した弾性ゴム製品；
(3) 上記糸ゴム製品又はゴムテープ製品をネット状に編成してゴムネット製品として製造した弾性ゴム製品；
(4) 上記糸ゴム製品又はゴムテープ製品を、繊維状の添加物の添加の影響を損なわない引っ張り応力でもって長尺方向に引っ張った状態で搬送して対象物に接着、圧着又は熱着し、その引っ張り状態を解放することにより、対象物の、非伸長部分を接着、圧着又は熱着した部分にほとんど縮みがないか又は小さい縮みを、伸長部分を接着、圧着又は熱着した部分には大きな縮みを形成する、紙オムツ、生理ナプキン又はパンティライナーに適した弾性ゴム製品；
(5) 上記糸ゴム製品又はゴムテープ製品を、繊維状の添加物の添加の影響を損なわない引っ張り応力でもって長尺方向に引っ張った状態で搬送して糸状繊維を製織、製組又は巻き付け、その引っ張りを解放することにより、非伸長部分にほとんど縮みがないか又は小さな縮みを、伸長部分に大きな縮みを形成する、ゴム入り織物製品、ゴム紐製品又は被覆ゴム糸製品に適した弾性ゴム製品;
(6) 上記糸ゴム製品又はゴムテープ製品を緩衝ゴムコード又は弾性体入りカールコードの素材に適するように製造した弾性ゴム製品;
(7) 上記混合物を圧延、押出し、抽出、浸漬又は金型成形にてシート成形して加硫し、ゴムシート製品として製造した弾性ゴム製品;
(8) 上記ゴムシート製品を、水中メガネ、防風及び／又は防塵メガネ、防風及び／又は防塵マスク、紙製マスク又は不織布製マスクの素材に適するようにゴムベルト製品に打ち抜き製造した弾性ゴム製品;
(9) 上記ゴムシート製品をネット状に打ち抜いてゴムネット製品として製造した弾性ゴム製品;
(10) 上記混合物を押出し、抽出、浸漬又は金型成形にてチューブ形状に成形して加硫し、所定の幅に切断してゴムバンド製品として製造した弾性ゴム製品;
(11) 上記混合物を圧延、抽出し、抽出、浸漬又は金型成形にてシート状又はテープ状に成形して加硫し、所定の幅に切断してチューブ状に接着した後、横手方向の所定の幅に切断し、ゴムバンド製品として製造した弾性ゴム製品;
(12) 上記混合物が押出し、抽出、浸漬又は金型成形にてシート状、テープ状又は糸状に成形して加硫し、所定の長さに切断してリング状に接着し又は結び止めし、リング状ゴム製品として製造した弾性ゴム製品;
(13) 上記混合物を圧延、押出し、抽出、浸漬又は金型成形にてシート状又はテープ状に成形して加硫し、所定の幅のシート状、テープ状又は糸状に切断するとともに所定の長さに切断してリング状に接着し又は結び止めし、リング状ゴム製品として製造した弾性ゴム製品;
を提供することができる。
【００３４】
また、加硫後の弾性ゴム製品を所定の一定以上の荷重をかけて引っ張ること、又は伸縮をさせることについては、加硫後のゴム組成物には歪、ヒステリシス、残留歪、応力緩和、弾性疲労、屈伸疲労、又はクリープ現象が発生するので、かかる現象を利用することも可能である。
【００３５】
また、生ゴムや配合ゴムはゴム組成物がロール間で圧延される際に両方から受ける強い圧延圧力によってゴム分子、ポリマー分子鎖、配合剤の中の異方性粒子形状の充填剤が圧延方向に配向し、配向度が高まると、結晶化がすすみ、圧延方向とそれに直角方向とで引っ張り強さや伸びに差を生じる機械的異方性、いわゆる列理現象が起こる。圧延時の圧力の高い状態、バンクゴムの温度が低い場合、厚みがうすい場合、同じ方向に圧延を繰り返すあるいは引っ張る場合には、列理が強く現れる。この列理現象は未加硫のものに著しく現れ、加硫すると大部分取り除かれるものである。押出し、抽出でも同じことが起こる。また、圧延、押出し、抽出したものを金型成形しても列理現象を得ることができる。
【００３６】
そこで、ゴム組成物と繊維状添加物との混合物を圧延し、押出し、又は抽出する際に起こる列理現象を利用することにより、繊維状の添加物の添加の影響が損なわれ又は減少される引っ張り応力を高く設定することも可能である。また、列理現象を利用することにより、更に変化に富んだ伸縮弾性も付与できる。例えば、ゴムシートの場合では列理現象を強くするには、ロール温度を低くし、バンクゴムの温度を低くし、ゴムシートの引き取りテンションを強くしてひずみが残る様にすばやく冷却することが効果がある。本発明は、圧延、押出し、抽出の列理現象をも利用できる特徴も兼ね備えている。
【００３７】
本発明に係る弾性ゴム製品の伸縮弾性は、ゴム組成物、配合剤、充填剤、繊維状添加物の量や種類、圧延、押出し、抽出、浸漬又は金型成形の条件又は製造条件、によって種々形成できるが、本発明の特徴の１つは所定の一定以上の荷重を掛けて引っ張るとその引っ張った部分の初期の引っ張り応力と初期の伸びが損なわれる点、及びかかる特徴を利用して繊維状添加物の添加の影響が損なわれ又は減少された伸長部分と、影響が損なわれ又は減少されていない非伸長部分とを連続させた点にあり、繊維状の添加物の混合形成条件又は状態、列理現象や歪み等のクリープ現象の有無については特に限定されない。混合については結合していることも含んでいる。
【００３８】
ゴム組成物と繊維状添加物の混合条件は、ゴム組成物９９．７０〜７０．００重量部に対し、繊維状の添加物０．３０〜３０．００重量部が好ましい。繊維状添加物が０．３０重量部未満では目的とする効果が得られず、３０重量部を越えると、目的の効果を得るための上述の伸ばし処理を施し難くなったり、あるいは混合することに支障を生じたり、上述の製品に必要とする、適した引っ張り応力、伸び、縮みの伸縮弾性が得にくくなるからである。
【００３９】
ゴム組成物と繊維状の添加物との配合割合は弾性ゴム製品を利用する製品類の必要最小限の伸縮弾性、モジュラス、伸度と、初期の引っ張り応力又は伸びを変化させた後の必要最小限の伸縮弾性、モジュラス、伸度との兼ね合わせによって決定されるが、伸縮弾性の大きな変化、引っ張り応力の大きな変化、伸びの大きな変化を必要とするときには繊維状添加物の配合量を多くするように選択される。また、繊維状添加物の物質の種類によっても異なるが、弾性ゴム製品を使用した製品類の、初期の引っ張り応力又は伸びと、これらを変化させた後とのゴム物性の引っ張り応力又は伸びとの差が約１．３倍〜約５倍となる引っ張り荷重、又は弾性ゴム製品を約１．３倍〜約５倍伸ばした時に引っ張り応力又は伸びを変化させることのできる引っ張り荷重を基準として要望に応じて調整するのがよい。
【００４０】
また、弾性ゴム製品の引っ張り応力又は伸びの変化を大きく設けるためにはゴム組成物の加硫後の引っ張り伸ばす状態において伸縮弾性が大きいのが好ましい。また，一般に使用されている従来の弾性ゴム製品に準ずるゴム組成物が好ましい。具体的には、引っ張り強さ１５０kgf/cm²以上、伸び６００％以上、３００％引っ張り応力が１０．５kgf/cm²以上有るのが好ましい。ゴム組成物としてはシス１−４ポリイソプレン主構造を有する天然ゴム及び合成天然ゴムを主成分として用いるのが好ましい。
【００４１】
シス１−４ポリイソプレン主構造を有する天然ゴム及び合成天然ゴムは加硫や成形の方法により、違ったポリマー形状の固形状、液状又は粉末形状のものを用いることができる。ゴム組成物の加硫方法はプレス加硫、バッチ加硫、連続加硫、蒸気、電熱、熱湯、自然加硫、熱空気、塩浴、放射線、電磁波が用いられてよい。ゴム組成物の成形方法としては押出し、抽出、浸漬、金型成形、圧延方法が用いられてよい。
【００４２】
天然ゴム及び合成天然ゴム以外のゴム組成物としては、スチレンブタジエンゴム、ブタジエンゴム、クロロプレンアクリロゴム、ニトリルブタジエンゴム、ブチルゴム、エチレンポリプロピレンゴム、ウレタンゴム、シリコンゴム、フッ素ゴム、ハイパロン、塩素化ポリエチレン、アクリルゴム、エピクロロヒドリンゴム、多硫化ゴム等も用いられてよい。また、上記全てのゴム組成物の少なくとも１品種以上を混合して用いられてもよい。但し、混合にあたっては混合物の状態を考慮して用いる必要がある。また、使用する製品の用途に応じて使い別けて用いられてもよい。上記のゴム組成分であっても上記と同じポリマー形状、同じ加硫方法、同じ成形方法を用いられてもよい。
【００４３】
繊維状添加物はゴム組成物と混合されるので、混合前のゴム組成物を加硫した後に生じる引っ張り応力物性に比べて加硫処理後の引っ張り応力物性が強く、伸縮の異なる繊維状の添加物でなければならない。
【００４４】
この繊維状添加物は、加硫後のゴムの中で所定の一定以上の荷重の引っ張り応力を掛けて伸ばした時に混合前のゴム組成物を加硫して生じる時の伸縮物性より極めて伸縮物性の少なく、又は物質自体がずれたり、ちぎれたり、剥がれたり、抜けたり、絡まりが外れたり、伸びきったりすることにより損なわれて元の状態に戻らない物質、加硫後のゴム組成物に貼りついたり、溶け込んだり、重なったり、折れたり、刺さったり、巻きついたり、絡まり合ったり、織れ込んだりして加硫後のゴム組成物に強い引っ張り応力、小さい伸縮を生じさせる物質であってその添加の影響が損なわれ又は減少されると、元の状態に戻らない物質でなければならない。
【００４６】
繊維状添加物は混合前のゴム組成物と加硫後に結合してもよいが、必ず所定の一定以上の引っ張り応力荷重をかけることにより結合が外れて損なわれ、伸縮において変化をもたらす物質でなければならないのであって、加硫後のゴム組成物と結合することに限定されない。
【００４７】
繊維状の添加物でなければならない理由は、粒子状の添加物では単なる複合化にすぎず、所定の一定以上の荷重の引っ張り応力をかけることによる初期と初期以降の引っ張り応力、伸びの物性が変化せず、又は変化させ難いからである。
【００４８】
弾性ゴム製品の使用用途を考慮すると、伸縮物性を変化させた伸長部分は混合前のゴム組成物を加硫した後に生じる引っ張り応力物性とほぼ等しい引っ張り強さの伸縮弾性とすることが好ましい。この好ましい伸縮弾性を考慮し、及び／又は伸縮を変化させる前の非伸長部分についても弾性ゴム製品の使用用途を考慮すると、ゴム組成物を加硫した後に生じる機械的性質、伸縮弾性、屈曲性、比重等を損なわないポリアミド系の合成繊維状の添加物が好ましい。ポリアミド系の合成繊維はナイロンであり、断面が円形で、平面が平滑であること、又比重が軽く、引っ張り強さ、磨耗強さ、屈曲強さ等が大きいこと、又柔軟な繊維であることから好ましい。また、高分子のものが好ましく、中でも長鎖状の合成高分子からなる繊維状の添加物が好ましい。また、短繊維状のものも使用できる。
【００４９】
繊維状の添加物には植物繊維、動物繊維、鉱物繊維、無機繊維、再生繊維、半合成繊維、合成繊維等が用いられてよい。繊維状添加物を選択する場合、繊維状添加物の長さ、太さ、形状、比重、引っ張り強さ、切断伸び、弾性率、クリープ、疲労性、屈曲性、耐摩耗性、吸湿吸水性、帯電性、耐熱性、コスト、安定供給性、弾性ゴム製品の使用用途、ゴム組成物との混合状態等を考慮して選択する必要がある。上述の全ての繊維の少なくとも１品種以上を混合して用いられてもよく、又上述の加硫方法及び成形方法が用いられてもよい。
【００５０】
本発明に係る弾性ゴム製品を使用する場合：
(1) 非伸長部分と伸長部分とを少なくとも１つ以上連続して設けた弾性ゴム製品を使用して製品類を製造し、変化のある伸縮弾性を設ける方法;
(2) 全体が非伸長部分の状態にある弾性ゴム製品を使用して製品類を製造し、その単品又は個々に使用されている弾性ゴム製品を所定の一定以上の荷重の引っ張り応力で全体的に又は部分的に伸ばす処理をすることにより、伸縮の変化を設ける方法；
(3) 方法(1) と(2) を組合せることにより伸縮の変化を設ける方法;
が採用できる。
【００５１】
上記方法(1) は紙おむつ、生理ナプキン、パイティライナー、ゴム入り織物、ゴム紐、被覆ゴム糸等の製品に好ましい。ゴム入り織物、ゴム紐、被覆ゴム糸を使用した下着、靴下等の衣類又は前述の医療製品類等の製品に好ましい。上記方法(2) は使い捨て紙マスク又は水中、防風、防塵メガネ又はマスク、ゴムネット、弾性体入りカールコード等の産業資材製品類、又はゴムバンド等の梱包資材類等の製品に好ましい。但し、上記の方法(1)(2)(3) とも色々な製品類の使用用途に応じて使い分けでき、使い分けされるものであって、上記製品類が上記方法(1) (2)(3)に限定されるものではない。
【００５２】
また、上記方法(1)(2)(3) において、Ｓ，Ｍ，Ｌや大、中、小のサイズの統合又は前述のサイズを更に細分化して使用できることも好ましい。また、非伸長部分を伸長部分に変化させる為の所定の一定以上の荷重の引っ張り応力を掛けるに至る途中の引っ張り応力荷重を掛けた状態で弾性ゴム製品を使用する方法を用いられてもよい。
【００５３】
【作用及び発明の効果】
本発明によれば、弾性ゴム製品に所定の一定以上の荷重を掛けて引っ張ると、繊維状添加物の添加の影響が損なわれ又は減少され、弾性ゴム製品に全体的に又は部分的に引っ張り応力を掛ける前の初期の状態における引っ張り応力や伸びと著しく変化した伸縮弾性を付与できる。その結果、弾性ゴム製品自体及びこれを用いた製品類に変化に富んだ伸縮弾性を付与できる。
【００５４】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を具体例に基づいて詳細に説明する。
【００５５】
【比較例１】
ゴム組成物として天然ゴム（商品名：スタンダード・マレイシア・ラバーＣＶ）を使用し、配合ゴム組成物を作成し、カレンダーロールによって厚さ平均０．４９ｍｍ（厚み：０．４８〜０．４９ｍｍ）、幅７００ｍｍのシート状に成形した後、温度１３４℃で８４分加硫し、平均０．８２ｍｍ幅（幅：０．８０〜０．８３ｍｍ）の糸状に切断して弾性ゴム製品を製造した。
【００５６】
【実施例１】
ゴム組成物として天然ゴム（商品名：スタンダード・マレイシア・ラバーＣＶ）を使用し、配合ゴム組成物を作成し、ゴム組成物に対して０．３３重量部のナイロン短繊維（商品名：６ナイロン）を配合ゴム組成物に添加し、練りロールを用いて１５分間混合した後、カレンダーロールによって厚さ平均０．４６ｍｍ（厚み：０４５〜０．４８ｍｍ）、幅７００ｍｍのシート状に成形した後、比較例１と同一の温度及び時間で加硫し、平均０．８２ｍｍ幅（幅：０．８０〜０．８３ｍｍ）の糸状に切断して弾性ゴム製品を製造した。ナイロン短繊維は断面の直径が平均約０．２μｍ、長さが平均約０．４５〜０．５５ｍｍサイズで、引っ張り強さが４．５〜７．５ｇ／デニール、伸びが２５〜６０％である。
【００５７】
【実施例２】
ナイロン短繊維を０．５０重量部添加し、厚さ平均０．４５ｍｍ（厚み：０．４５〜０．４６ｍｍ）、幅７００ｍｍのシート状に成形した後、実施例１と同様に加硫して平均０．８２ｍｍ幅（幅：０．８０〜０．８５ｍｍ）の糸状に切断して弾性ゴム製品を製造した。
【００５８】
【実施例３】
ナイロン短繊維を０．９９重量部添加し、厚さ平均０．４３ｍｍ（厚み：０．４１〜０．４４ｍｍ）、幅７００ｍｍのシート状に成形した後、実施例１と同様に加硫して平均０．８３ｍｍ幅（幅：０．８１〜０．８４ｍｍ）の糸状に切断して弾性ゴム製品を製造した。
【００５９】
【実施例４】
ナイロン短繊維を１．４９重量部添加し、厚さ平均０．５２ｍｍ（厚み：０．５０〜０．５６ｍｍ）、幅７００ｍｍのシート状に成形した後、実施例１と同様に加硫して平均０．８５ｍｍ幅（幅：０．８４〜０．８５ｍｍ）の糸状に切断して弾性ゴム製品を製造した。
【００６０】
【試験例】
得られた上記の弾性ゴム製品に対し、標点距離４０ｍｍとし、３倍伸びのload行き戻り（モジュラス５０％load行き、１００％load行き、２００％load、１００％load戻り、５０％load戻り）の引っ張り試験を３回繰り返し、伸びと引っ張り荷重の１回目、２回目、３回目の変化を調べた。その結果を図１ないし図５に示す。図１は比較例１、図２は実施例１、図３は実施例２、図４は実施例３、図５は実施例４の結果を示す。なお、図中、縦軸は引っ張り応力（ｇｆ）、横軸は伸ばされた長さ（ｍｍ）で、横軸の０は標点距離である４０ｍｍを意味する。
【００６１】
試験結果から、ナイロン短繊維を添加すると、最初の引っ張りには引っ張り時のload行きの特性曲線と引っ張りを解放した時のload戻りの特性曲線に差が生じるが、２回目以降はload行きとload戻りの履歴の差が生じず、又ナイロン短繊維の添加量を増加するに伴い、初回と２回目以降のload行きとload戻りの特性曲線に差が生じ、伸縮弾性が変化していることが分かる。しかし、２回目以降のload行きとload戻りの特性曲線は実施例１ないし実施例４ともナイロン短繊維の添加量に関係なく、ほぼ一致していることが分かる。なお、上記比較例１と実施例１〜４の糸状の弾性ゴム製品の平均厚み、平均幅の誤差は製造工程における公差である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】比較例１における引っ張り応力に対する伸びの変化を示す図である。
【図２】実施例１における引っ張り応力に対する伸びの変化を示す図である。
【図３】実施例２における引っ張り応力に対する伸びの変化を示す図である。
【図４】実施例３における引っ張り応力に対する伸びの変化を示す図である。
【図５】実施例４における引っ張り応力に対する伸びの変化を示す図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an elastic rubber product, and particularly suitable for imparting a variety of elastic elasticity to paper diapers, rubber-filled fabrics, rubber strings, coated rubber yarns, and other products that require elastic elasticity. It relates to elastic rubber products.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for disposable products, industrial material products, medical products, clothing and accessories, packaging materials, and other products that require elastic elasticity, rubber sheets, thread rubber, rubber tape, rubber bands, rings Elastic rubber products in which thread-like fibers are woven, assembled and wound are used.
[0003]
Disposable products include disposable diapers, sanitary napkins, panty liners, masks, hair caps, underwear, gowns, workwear, etc. And / or dustproof glasses, windproof and / or dustproof masks, rubber nets, rubber tow ropes, curled cords with elastic bodies, and medical products include supporters, posture correction bands, manipulative bands, bandages, etc. For miscellaneous goods, rubber woven fabrics, rubber straps, covered rubber threads, pants, shorts, trunks, under trousers, girdle, socks, tights, swimwear, pajamas, hats, etc., and packing materials include rubber bands and rubber straps Rubber strings used in the machine are known.
[0004]
Since many of the above-mentioned products are disposable products and consumables, they are generally manufactured continuously using a machine from the viewpoint of cost reduction and mass productivity. In addition, when using the above-mentioned products, the elastic rubber product or the part to which it is attached is locked at a predetermined position on the body or object, ensuring close contact, binding or a comfortable fit, and shearing during use of the product. It prevents misalignment, disconnection, binding mistakes, etc.
[0005]
By the way, due to the characteristics of the elastic rubber product described above, the tensile stress becomes stronger and the elongation increases as the tensile stress is applied to a certain load or less below the tensile stress load that leads to cutting, while the elongation becomes looser when the tension is loosened. The tensile stress becomes weaker and the elongation becomes smaller, and when the tensile elongation stops, the tensile stress disappears and it returns to the state before pulling. It exhibits almost the same properties as the stretch elasticity due to the tension tension and release of its slack.
[0006]
When applying such elastic rubber products to the above-mentioned products, a manufacturing method for imparting stretch elasticity to the products is adopted, but depending on the intended use of the products, the manufacturing method, the characteristics of the required stretch elasticity, etc. There are various methods. For example, (1) a method of sewing an elastic rubber product into products, (2) a method of forming a bag-like portion by sewing, bonding, pressure bonding or heat fitting on the product, and inserting the elastic rubber product into the bag, (3) A method in which an elastic rubber product is stretched and inserted into a product and bonded, crimped, heat-fitted or sewn, and then the tension is released to give stretch elasticity. (4) A method of inserting in a pulled state and weaving, assembling or winding the filamentous fiber, releasing the tension to give the elastic elasticity, (5) A method of attaching the elastic rubber product itself to the products, (6) There is known a method in which elastic rubber products themselves become products to provide stretch elasticity.
[0007]
For example, a paper diaper employs a structure in which an appropriate tightening portion or gathers are formed around the waist and an appropriate tightening portion or gathers are formed along the legs or around the legs to prevent leakage of urine. The tightening gathers around the waist and the legs are gathered around the elastic rubber product, continuously transported to the paper diaper making machine, and bonded, crimped or heat-fitted to the paper diaper to release the tension for tightening or gathering. It is performed to give the stretch elasticity. The same thing is done with sanitary napkins and panty liners.
[0008]
In addition, underwear such as pants, shorts, trunks, clothing such as pajamas, hats, swimwear, supporters, rubber nets, rubber tow ropes, shock absorbing rubber cords, elastic cords, elastic cords, socks, etc. The covered rubber thread is used to form an appropriate tightening part around the waist, the body of the foot or wrist, or the object, but such a woven fabric, rubber cord, and coated rubber thread are made by a weaving machine, It is transported to a stringing machine and a horizontal winding machine, and the filamentous fibers are woven into an elastic rubber product, wound or incorporated, and tension is released to give an appropriate stretch elasticity.
[0009]
In addition, in products such as underwear, swimwear, clothing, etc., an elastic rubber product not processed with thread-like fibers is stretched as it is and sewn in that state.
[0010]
On the other hand, in a curled cord with an elastic body, an elastic rubber product is inserted into the curled portion of the curled cord and stopped at both ends of the curled cord, and when the curled cord is extended, appropriate elastic elasticity is imparted.
[0011]
In addition, underwater glasses, windproof and / or dustproof glasses, windproof and / or dustproof masks, rubber nets, shock-absorbing rubber cords, disposable paper masks, gowns, work wear, hair caps, underwear, posture correction bands, and manipulative bands For rubber bands, rubber bands, etc. used in rubber bands and rubber string binding machines, the elastic rubber products can be used as they are, or attached to the products and pulled or stretched when using the products. Giving stretch elasticity is performed.
[0012]
The above-mentioned elastic rubber products can be used by appropriately stretching the elastic rubber products due to their characteristics, and this ensures ease of use and comfortable use or reliable maintenance of the physical state. When it is required to further improve ease of use, comfort and fit, S, M, L, large, medium, and small sizes may be provided according to the size of the body or object. Widely done.
[0013]
The provision of such a size can be adjusted by providing a buckle or double-sided tape, or the cross-sectional area, volume, width, length, thickness, insertion rate or rubber composition, compounding agent, filling of the elastic rubber product itself. It is generally performed by changing the amount, type, compounded rubber, and production conditions of the agent.
[0014]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in products such as disposable diapers, sanitary napkins, panty liners, masks, underwear such as pants and trunks, clothing, etc., there is no tightness of wearing, and in order to achieve the intended purpose, the parts that need to be tightened are It is desirable that it is strong and the other parts are weak or hardly tightened. In the case of disposable diapers, it is mainly the abdomen and back that need to prevent urine leakage in the girth, so the abdomen and back are strongly tightened, while the body side parts are weakened and the legs are It is mainly the front and back of the crotch on the inside of the leg that needs to prevent leakage of urine. If it is weakened, it can be expected that there will be no cramped feeling, air will smoothly enter and exit the paper diaper, and stuffiness of the crotch, buttocks, stomach and back can be prevented. The same can be expected in the case of underwear or clothing such as pants and trunks.
[0015]
However, in conventional elastic rubber products, the elastic elasticity imparted by this is determined by the physical properties of the elastic elasticity such as the elongation and tensile stress of the elastic rubber product itself. It becomes the elastic elasticity according to.
[0016]
That is, the conventional elastic rubber product has the above-mentioned rubber elasticity characteristics, and the whole is expanded and contracted uniformly, and the expansion and contraction is repeated, or the continuous manufacturing method is adopted in some of the above-mentioned products. Alternatively, since the above-mentioned products are small or few elastic rubber products are used, there is a problem that the elastic elasticity that is rich in change cannot be achieved, and the above-described device cannot be adopted.
[0017]
Considering from the manufacturer's perspective on paper diapers, sanitary napkins, panty liners, masks, underwear such as pants and trunks, clothing, and other products, the variety of products, simplification of manufacturing processes, and integration of parts From the viewpoint of rationalization of inventory and production facilities, it is desirable to integrate S, M, L, large, medium and small sizes. On the other hand, from the user's side, S, M, L, large, medium, and small can be further subdivided and used, so that the body size and individual differences, and the shape and size of the object can be fit well. It is desirable to do.
[0018]
For example, in the case of a paper mask, when an elastic rubber product attached to the paper mask is used to attach the paper mask to the face, the elastic rubber product is wholly or partially attached even if the size is S size. If it can be used at a size exceeding the S size by stretching, it can be expected that the size can be integrated and the demand for size subdivision can be met. The same can be expected for paper diapers, underwear such as pants and trunks, clothing, and other products.
[0019]
In view of such points, the present invention is suitable for imparting a variety of elastic elasticity to paper diapers, rubber-filled fabrics, rubber strings, coated rubber yarns, and other products that require elastic elasticity. It is an object to provide an elastic rubber product.
[0020]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above points, the present inventors have conducted various studies to form elastic elasticity that is rich in changes in elastic rubber products. As a result, the tensile stress physical properties are strong and the expansion and contraction is different as compared with the rubber composition after vulcanization. A fibrous additive is added to and mixed with a rubber composition before vulcanization, and the mixture is vulcanized to produce an elastic rubber product. It was found that the initial tensile stress and the stretch elasticity of elongation were impaired and changed. Although it is difficult to specify the detailed behavior of the fibrous additive, the fibrous additive is entangled with each other in the vulcanized rubber before being applied with a predetermined load or more, or bonded to the rubber and melted. On the other hand, when the tensile stress and small expansion and contraction are applied, if a load exceeding a certain level is applied, the fibrous additive may slip in the rubber, tear off, peel off, come off, become entangled or stretch. By doing so, the influence of the fibrous additive is impaired or reduced, and the tensile stress and elongation are considered to change.
[0021]
Therefore, the basic idea of the present invention is to add and mix a fibrous additive having a strong tensile stress property compared to the vulcanized rubber composition and having different stretching properties into the rubber composition before vulcanization, The mixture is vulcanized to obtain an elastic rubber product.
[0022]
Usually, an elastic rubber product is used by being stretched and pulled, but the main feature of the present invention is that the fibrous additive affects the elastic properties of the elastic rubber product, and the influence is impaired or reduced. It is in the point made to come out. Such an elastic rubber product has a high tensile stress as a whole and is manufactured in a state where the expansion and contraction is small, and a tensile stress of a predetermined level or more can be applied to a necessary portion to impair or reduce the influence of the fibrous additive. That is, the necessary part has a high tensile strength, the other part has a low tensile strength, the necessary part has a large shrinkage, the other part has a small shrinkage, and the necessary part has a large stretch, The portion has a small elongation and can impart a variety of elastic elasticity.
[0023]
In addition, by applying the above-mentioned characteristics, the elastic rubber products are individually or individually stretched, or the elastic rubber products used individually are stretched in whole or in part with a predetermined or higher tensile stress. The tensile strength, elongation, and shrinkage stress physical properties can be adjusted in whole or in part.
[0024]
In addition, it is possible to stop the above-mentioned expansion and contraction change in the middle by stopping the above-mentioned stretching treatment in the middle. Further, after stopping in the middle, a treatment for further stretching to a predetermined predetermined tensile stress is performed. Thus, it is possible to apply a tensile stress of a predetermined level or more from the beginning. Necessary parts and other parts can be selected according to the intended use of the products.
[0025]
The shape of the elastic rubber product as a whole can be a thread shape, a tape shape, a sheet shape, a ring shape, a rubber band shape, or a tube shape. Various cross-sections such as a square shape, a round shape, an elliptical shape, a semi-circular shape, a corrugated shape, a flat shape, a convex shape and a reverse convex shape can be adopted as the cross section of these shapes, and the shape of the cross section is not limited. This elastic rubber product has a structure in which at least one non-extension part having high tensile strength or little or little elongation and at least one extension part having low tensile strength or high elongation are continuous. Is preferred.
[0026]
The number and length of the non-extension part and the extension part are not particularly limited, and are appropriately selected according to the function of the elastic rubber product, the product using the elastic rubber product, and / or each part of the product. Moreover, after setting a non-extension part and an extension part, it is not limited to manufacturing a product using an elastic rubber product, and the state of the product according to the function of the product using the elastic rubber product and / or each part of the product Thus, it is possible to appropriately perform the above-described stretching treatment in which the non-stretched portion is changed entirely or partially into the stretched portion. The tensile strength of the non-extension part and the extension part is the rubber composition, the amount and type of the compounding agent / filler, the compounded rubber, the production conditions, the amount and type of the fibrous additive, the fibrous part in the extension part or the non-extension part. Depending on the behavior of the additive, considering the intended use of the elastic rubber product, the stretched portion has a tensile physical property that is almost equal to the elastic property of the tensile stress generated after vulcanizing the rubber composition before mixing. It is preferable to have a stretchable elasticity.
[0027]
When an elastic rubber product is used for a paper diaper, at least one non-stretched portion and at least one stretched portion that are continuous in the longitudinal direction are loaded with such a load that the influence of the addition of the fibrous additive is not impaired or reduced. Pull it and continuously convey it to a paper diaper making machine, adhere it to the paper diaper, press or heat-fit it, release the tension state and there is little stretch elasticity in the non-extension part, or a small stretch elasticity in the extension part Can form large elastic elasticity.
[0028]
Further, when the elastic rubber product is used for a rubber-filled woven fabric, a rubber string, or a covered rubber thread, at least one non-extendable portion and at least one extended portion that are continuous in the longitudinal direction are affected by the addition of the fibrous additive. Is pulled with a load that is not damaged or reduced, and is continuously transported to a weaving machine, stringing machine or horizontal winding machine in the pulled state, and weaving, assembling, or winding the filamentous fiber into elastic rubber products, The stretched state is released, and the stretchable portion has little or no stretch elasticity, or a small stretch elasticity, and the stretchable portion can be formed with a large stretch elasticity.
[0029]
Here, the large stretch elasticity of the elongated portion means that the stretch elasticity is larger than that of the non-stretched portion. Moreover, the small stretch elasticity of the non-extension part means that the stretch elasticity is smaller than that of the extension part.
[0030]
When elastic rubber products are used in the longitudinal direction in paper diapers, rubber-filled fabrics, rubber strings, and coated rubber yarns, the effect of the addition of fibrous additives is almost uniform on the elastic rubber products as a whole before being stretched. Pull with a load that does not damage or reduce, and in that state, continuously transport to the above-mentioned manufacturing machine or processing machine, set the non-extension part and the extension part in the manufacturing machine or processing machine, and then the same as the above load The elastic rubber product that has been stretched by being continuously transported to a paper diaper making machine while being pulled with a moderate load is adhered, crimped or heat-sealed to the paper diaper, or continuously transported to a weaving machine, stringing machine, or horizontal winding machine. Weaving, assembling, or winding yarn-like fibers into an elastic rubber product that has been stretched, and then releasing the tension state so that there is little or no stretch elasticity in the non-stretched part. Is also possible to form a large stretch elasticity, such methods may also be selected.
[0031]
In addition, the conventional elastic rubber product and the elastic rubber product of the present invention can be used in parallel, or in an intersecting or alternating manner, thereby providing a variety of stretch elasticity. The same applies to products other than paper diapers, rubber-filled fabrics, rubber strings, and coated rubber yarns.
[0032]
In addition, when the elastic rubber product of the present invention is pulled under a predetermined load, that is, a load that impairs or reduces the influence of the addition of the fibrous additive, the initial tensile stress and elongation of the pulled portion are reduced. Impaired or reduced. Therefore, according to the present invention, an elastic rubber product manufactured by a specific method suitable for various products can be provided.
[0033]
That is, (1) A mixture of a rubber composition and a fibrous additive is rolled, extruded, extracted, dipped or molded into a sheet or tape shape and vulcanized to form a thread or tape with a predetermined width. A cut rubber thread product or a rubber tape product, or an elastic rubber product manufactured as a rubber thread product or rubber tape product obtained by rolling, extruding, extracting, dipping or molding the above mixture into a thread shape or a sheep shape, and vulcanizing the product;
(2) An elastic rubber product produced by making the above rubber thread product or rubber tape product suitable for materials for underwater glasses, windproof and / or dustproof glasses, windproof and / or dustproof masks, paper masks or non-woven masks;
(3) An elastic rubber product produced as a rubber net product by knitting the rubber thread product or rubber tape product into a net shape;
(4) The above thread rubber product or rubber tape product is transported in a state of being pulled in the longitudinal direction with a tensile stress that does not impair the influence of the addition of the fibrous additive, and is adhered, pressed or heat-sealed to the object, By releasing the tension state, there is almost no shrinkage or a small shrinkage in the part where the non-extension part is bonded, pressure-bonded or heat-fitted, and the object is large in the part where the stretched part is bonded, pressure-bonded or heat-fitted. Elastic rubber products suitable for paper diapers, sanitary napkins or panty liners that form shrinkage;
(5) The yarn rubber product or rubber tape product is conveyed in a state of being pulled in the longitudinal direction with a tensile stress that does not impair the influence of the addition of the fibrous additive, and the filamentous fiber is woven, assembled or wound, An elastic rubber product suitable for rubberized textile products, rubber cord products or coated rubber yarn products which, by releasing the tension, forms little or no shrinkage in the non-extension part and a large shrinkage in the extension part;
(6) An elastic rubber product produced by making the above rubber thread product or rubber tape product suitable for a material of a buffer rubber cord or an elastic curl cord;
(7) An elastic rubber product produced as a rubber sheet product by rolling, extruding, extracting, dipping or molding the above mixture into a sheet and vulcanizing it;
(8) An elastic rubber product obtained by punching the rubber sheet product into a rubber belt product so as to be suitable for materials of underwater glasses, windproof and / or dustproof glasses, windproof and / or dustproof masks, paper masks or non-woven masks;
(9) Elastic rubber products manufactured as rubber net products by punching the rubber sheet products into net shapes;
(10) An elastic rubber product produced by extruding the above mixture, forming into a tube shape by extraction, dipping or die molding, vulcanizing, and cutting into a predetermined width to produce a rubber band product;
(11) The mixture is rolled, extracted, extracted, dipped or molded into a sheet or tape shape and vulcanized, cut into a predetermined width and bonded into a tube shape, and then in the transverse direction. Elastic rubber products cut into a predetermined width and manufactured as rubber band products;
(12) The above mixture is extruded, extracted, dipped or molded into a sheet, tape or thread, vulcanized, cut into a predetermined length and bonded or tied in a ring, Elastic rubber products manufactured as ring-shaped rubber products;
(13) The mixture is rolled, extruded, extracted, dipped or molded into a sheet or tape and vulcanized, cut into a sheet, tape or thread having a predetermined width and a predetermined length. An elastic rubber product manufactured as a ring-shaped rubber product after being cut into pieces and glued or tied in a ring shape;
Can be provided.
[0034]
In addition, for the rubber composition after vulcanization, the elastic rubber product after vulcanization is stretched or stretched under a predetermined load, the vulcanized rubber composition has strain, hysteresis, residual strain, stress relaxation, elasticity Since fatigue, bending fatigue, or creep phenomenon occurs, it is possible to utilize such a phenomenon.
[0035]
In addition, raw rubber and compounded rubber are filled with rubber molecules, polymer molecular chains, and anisotropic particle-shaped fillers in the rolling direction due to the strong rolling pressure received from both when the rubber composition is rolled between rolls. When oriented and the degree of orientation increases, crystallization progresses, and mechanical anisotropy that causes a difference in tensile strength and elongation between the rolling direction and the direction perpendicular thereto, so-called linear phenomenon occurs. When the pressure during rolling is high, when the bank rubber temperature is low, when the thickness is thin, and when rolling is repeated or pulled in the same direction, the arrangement appears strongly. This line phenomenon appears remarkably in the unvulcanized one and is largely removed when vulcanized. The same happens with extrusion and extraction. In addition, the process phenomenon can be obtained even if the product obtained by rolling, extruding, and extracting is die-molded.
[0036]
Therefore, the influence of the addition of the fibrous additive is impaired or reduced by utilizing the phenomenon that occurs when rolling, extruding, or extracting the mixture of the rubber composition and the fibrous additive. It is also possible to set the tensile stress high. Further, by using the phenomenon of phenomenon, it is possible to impart a more flexible elastic elasticity. For example, in the case of rubber sheets, in order to strengthen the phenomenon of phenomenon, it is effective to lower the roll temperature, lower the temperature of the bank rubber, and increase the take-up tension of the rubber sheet to cool it quickly so that strain remains. is there. The present invention also has the feature that it can utilize the phenomenon of rolling, extrusion, and extraction.
[0037]
The elastic elasticity of the elastic rubber product according to the present invention varies depending on the amount and type of rubber composition, compounding agent, filler, fibrous additive, rolling, extrusion, extraction, dipping or molding conditions or manufacturing conditions. Although one of the features of the present invention can be formed, the initial tensile stress and the initial elongation of the stretched portion are impaired when pulled under a predetermined load or more, and the fiber shape is utilized by utilizing such a feature. The mixing formation condition or state of the fibrous additive, in which the stretched portion in which the influence of the additive is impaired or reduced and the non-stretched portion in which the influence is not impaired or reduced are made continuous. There is no particular limitation on the presence or absence of creep phenomena such as line phenomenon and distortion. The term “mixing” includes “bonding”.
[0038]
The mixing condition of the rubber composition and the fibrous additive is preferably 0.30 to 30.00 parts by weight of the fibrous additive with respect to 99.70 to 70.00 parts by weight of the rubber composition. If the fibrous additive is less than 0.30 part by weight, the desired effect cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 30 parts by weight, it becomes difficult to perform the above-described stretching treatment for obtaining the desired effect, or mixing. This is because it becomes difficult to obtain a suitable tensile stress, elongation, and contraction elasticity required for the above-described products.
[0039]
The blending ratio of the rubber composition and the fibrous additive is the minimum necessary after changing the minimum elastic elasticity, modulus, elongation, and initial tensile stress or elongation of products using elastic rubber products. It is determined by the combination of the limit elastic elasticity, modulus, and elongation, but when a large change in elastic elasticity, a large change in tensile stress, and a large change in elongation are required, the amount of the fibrous additive is increased. Selected as Also, depending on the type of fibrous additive material, the initial tensile stress or elongation of products using elastic rubber products and the tensile stress or elongation of the rubber properties after these are changed Based on the tensile load that makes the difference about 1.3 times to about 5 times, or the tensile load that can change the tensile stress or elongation when the elastic rubber product is extended about 1.3 times to about 5 times It is better to adjust accordingly.
[0040]
Further, in order to provide a large change in tensile stress or elongation of the elastic rubber product, it is preferable that the elastic elasticity is large in the stretched state after vulcanization of the rubber composition. Further, a rubber composition according to a conventional elastic rubber product that is generally used is preferable. Specifically, tensile strength 150kgf / cm ² Above, elongation 600% or more, 300% tensile stress is 10.5kgf / cm ² It is preferable to have the above. As the rubber composition, it is preferable to use a natural rubber having a cis 1-4 polyisoprene main structure and a synthetic natural rubber as main components.
[0041]
The natural rubber and synthetic natural rubber having a cis 1-4 polyisoprene main structure can be used in solid, liquid, or powder forms having different polymer shapes by vulcanization or molding methods. As a vulcanization method of the rubber composition, press vulcanization, batch vulcanization, continuous vulcanization, steam, electric heating, hot water, natural vulcanization, hot air, salt bath, radiation, and electromagnetic waves may be used. As a molding method of the rubber composition, extrusion, extraction, dipping, mold molding, and rolling methods may be used.
[0042]
Rubber compositions other than natural rubber and synthetic natural rubber include styrene butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, chloroprene acrylo rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene polypropylene rubber, urethane rubber, silicon rubber, fluoro rubber, hyperon, and chlorinated polyethylene. Acrylic rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, polysulfide rubber and the like may also be used. Further, at least one kind of all of the above rubber compositions may be mixed and used. However, it is necessary to consider the state of the mixture when mixing. Moreover, it may be used separately depending on the application of the product to be used. Even with the above rubber composition, the same polymer shape, the same vulcanization method and the same molding method as those described above may be used.
[0043]
Since the fibrous additive is mixed with the rubber composition, the tensile stress physical property after vulcanization treatment is stronger than the tensile stress physical property generated after vulcanizing the rubber composition before mixing, and the addition of fibrous materials with different expansion and contraction It must be a thing.
[0044]
This fibrous additive is extremely stretchable than the stretchable properties when vulcanizing the rubber composition before mixing when stretched by applying a tensile stress of a predetermined load or more in the vulcanized rubber. Or a substance that does not return to its original state due to slippage, tearing, peeling, coming off, entanglement, or stretching, or sticking to a rubber composition after vulcanization It is a substance that causes strong tensile stress and small expansion and contraction to the rubber composition after vulcanization by sticking, melting, overlapping, folding, piercing, wrapping, entanglement, and woven If the effect of the addition is impaired or reduced, the substance must not return to its original state.
[0046]
The fibrous additive may be bonded to the rubber composition before mixing after vulcanization, but it must be a substance that will be damaged when the tensile stress load exceeds a certain level, and that causes a change in expansion and contraction. It must be combined with the rubber composition after vulcanization.
[0047]
The reason why it should be a fibrous additive is that the particulate additive is merely a composite, and the initial and subsequent tensile stresses and elongation physical properties due to applying a tensile stress of a certain load or more This is because it does not change or is difficult to change.
[0048]
In consideration of the intended use of the elastic rubber product, it is preferable that the stretched portion having changed stretchable physical properties is a stretchable elasticity having a tensile strength substantially equal to the tensile stress physical properties generated after vulcanizing the rubber composition before mixing. Considering this preferable stretch elasticity and / or considering the usage of the elastic rubber product for the non-stretched part before changing the stretch, the mechanical properties, stretch elasticity and flexibility resulting from vulcanization of the rubber composition Polyamide-based synthetic fiber additives that do not impair the specific gravity and the like are preferable. Polyamide-based synthetic fibers are nylon, have a circular cross section, a flat surface, light specific gravity, high tensile strength, wear strength, bending strength, etc., and flexible fibers. To preferred. Moreover, a high molecular thing is preferable and especially the fibrous additive which consists of a long-chain synthetic polymer is preferable. Moreover, a short fiber thing can also be used.
[0049]
As the fibrous additive, plant fiber, animal fiber, mineral fiber, inorganic fiber, regenerated fiber, semi-synthetic fiber, synthetic fiber, or the like may be used. When selecting a fibrous additive, the length, thickness, shape, specific gravity, tensile strength, elongation at break, elastic modulus, creep, fatigue, flexibility, wear resistance, hygroscopic water absorption, It is necessary to select in consideration of the charging property, heat resistance, cost, stable supply property, usage of the elastic rubber product, mixed state with the rubber composition, and the like. At least one kind of all the above-mentioned fibers may be mixed and used, or the above-mentioned vulcanization method and molding method may be used.
[0050]
When using the elastic rubber product according to the present invention:
(1) A method of producing products using an elastic rubber product in which at least one non-extension part and an extension part are continuously provided, and providing stretchable elasticity with change;
(2) Manufacture products using elastic rubber products that are in a non-elongated part as a whole, and use the elastic rubber products used individually or individually as a whole with a tensile stress of a predetermined or higher load. A method of providing a change in expansion or contraction by performing a stretching process on or partially;
(3) A method of providing expansion and contraction by combining methods (1) and (2);
Can be adopted.
[0051]
The above method (1) is preferable for products such as disposable diapers, sanitary napkins, patty liners, rubber woven fabrics, rubber strings, coated rubber yarns. It is preferable for products such as garments such as rubber-filled fabrics, rubber strings, clothing such as underwear and socks using coated rubber threads, or the aforementioned medical products. The above method (2) is preferable for products such as disposable paper masks or underwater, windproof, dustproof glasses or masks, industrial material products such as rubber nets and curls with elastic bodies, or packing materials such as rubber bands. However, both of the above methods (1), (2), and (3) can be used properly according to the intended use of various products, and the above products are classified into the above methods (1), (2), (3). ) Is not limited.
[0052]
In the above methods (1), (2), and (3), it is also preferable that S, M, L, large, medium, and small sizes can be integrated or the aforementioned sizes can be further subdivided. Alternatively, a method may be used in which an elastic rubber product is used in a state in which a tensile stress load is applied in the middle of applying a tensile stress of a predetermined load or more for changing the non-extension portion to the extension portion.
[0053]
[Operation and effect of the invention]
According to the present invention, when an elastic rubber product is pulled with a predetermined load or more, the influence of the addition of the fibrous additive is impaired or reduced, and the elastic rubber product is totally or partially subjected to tensile stress. It is possible to impart stretch elasticity that is remarkably changed from the tensile stress and elongation in the initial state before application of. As a result, the elastic rubber product itself and products using the elastic rubber product can be provided with a variety of stretch elasticity.
[0054]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on specific examples.
[0055]
[Comparative Example 1]
Using natural rubber (trade name: Standard, Malaysia, Rubber CV) as a rubber composition, a compounded rubber composition was prepared, and a thickness average of 0.49 mm (thickness: 0.48 to 0.49 mm) by a calender roll, After forming into a sheet shape having a width of 700 mm, vulcanization was performed at a temperature of 134 ° C. for 84 minutes, and cut into a thread shape having an average width of 0.82 mm (width: 0.80 to 0.83 mm) to produce an elastic rubber product.
[0056]
[Example 1]
Using natural rubber (trade name: Standard, Malaysia, Rubber CV) as a rubber composition, a compounded rubber composition was prepared. 0.33 parts by weight of nylon short fiber (trade name: 6 nylon) with respect to the rubber composition ) Is added to the compounded rubber composition, mixed for 15 minutes using a kneading roll, and then formed into a sheet having an average thickness of 0.46 mm (thickness: 045 to 0.48 mm) and a width of 700 mm using a calender roll, Vulcanization was carried out at the same temperature and time as in Comparative Example 1, and cut into a thread having an average width of 0.82 mm (width: 0.80 to 0.83 mm) to produce an elastic rubber product. Nylon short fibers have an average cross-sectional diameter of about 0.2 μm, an average length of about 0.45-0.55 mm, a tensile strength of 4.5-7.5 g / denier, and an elongation of 25-60%. is there.
[0057]
[Example 2]
After adding 0.50 parts by weight of nylon short fibers and forming into a sheet shape having an average thickness of 0.45 mm (thickness: 0.45 to 0.46 mm) and a width of 700 mm, vulcanized in the same manner as in Example 1. An elastic rubber product was manufactured by cutting into an average 0.82 mm width (width: 0.80 to 0.85 mm).
[0058]
[Example 3]
After adding 0.99 parts by weight of nylon short fibers and forming into a sheet shape having an average thickness of 0.43 mm (thickness: 0.41 to 0.44 mm) and a width of 700 mm, vulcanize in the same manner as in Example 1. An elastic rubber product was produced by cutting into an average 0.83 mm width (width: 0.81 to 0.84 mm).
[0059]
[Example 4]
1.49 parts by weight of nylon short fibers were added, formed into a sheet having an average thickness of 0.52 mm (thickness: 0.50 to 0.56 mm) and a width of 700 mm, and then vulcanized in the same manner as in Example 1. An elastic rubber product was manufactured by cutting into an average 0.85 mm width (width: 0.84 to 0.85 mm).
[0060]
[Test example]
With respect to the obtained elastic rubber product, the mark distance is 40 mm and the load returns to 3 times extension (modulus 50% load, 100% load, 200% load, 100% load, 50% load return) The tensile test was repeated three times, and the first, second and third changes in elongation and tensile load were examined. The results are shown in FIGS. 1 shows the results of Comparative Example 1, FIG. 2 shows the results of Example 1, FIG. 3 shows the results of Example 2, FIG. 4 shows the results of Example 3, and FIG. In the figure, the vertical axis indicates tensile stress (gf), the horizontal axis indicates the extended length (mm), and 0 on the horizontal axis means 40 mm, which is the gauge distance.
[0061]
From the test results, when nylon short fiber is added, there is a difference between the characteristic curve for the load at the time of pulling and the characteristic curve of the load return when the tension is released for the first pulling. There is no difference in the history of return, and as the amount of nylon short fiber is increased, there is a difference in the characteristic curve between the first and second loads and the load return, and the elastic elasticity has changed. I understand. However, it can be seen that the characteristic curves for the load going and the load returning after the second time are almost the same in Examples 1 to 4 regardless of the amount of nylon short fiber added. In addition, the error of the average thickness of the thread-like elastic rubber products of the said comparative example 1 and Examples 1-4 and an average width | variety is a tolerance in a manufacturing process.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a graph showing a change in elongation with respect to tensile stress in Comparative Example 1. FIG.
2 is a graph showing changes in elongation with respect to tensile stress in Example 1. FIG.
3 is a graph showing changes in elongation with respect to tensile stress in Example 2. FIG.
4 is a graph showing changes in elongation with respect to tensile stress in Example 3. FIG.
5 is a graph showing changes in elongation with respect to tensile stress in Example 4. FIG.

Claims

A mixture obtained by adding a fibrous additive having a higher tensile stress property and different expansion and contraction to the rubber composition before vulcanization and mixing, compared with the vulcanized rubber composition, is rolled, extruded, extracted, immersed or gold. Molded into a sheet or tape shape and vulcanized, and cut into a thread or tape shape of a predetermined width, and the influence of the addition of the above fibrous additive on a part of the thread shape or tape shape An elastic rubber product characterized in that at least one elongated portion is formed by applying a tensile stress so as to be damaged or reduced, and is produced as a thread rubber product or a rubber tape product.

Vulcanized strongly stress properties tensile compared to the rubber composition is, and the mixture was admixed with different fibrous additives stretch the rubber composition before vulcanization is extruded, extracted, dipping or molding And then vulcanized after being formed into a thread or tape, and a tensile stress is applied to a part of the thread or tape so that the influence of the addition of the fibrous additive is impaired or reduced. An elastic rubber product characterized in that at least one elongated portion is formed and manufactured as a thread rubber product or a rubber tape product.

A mixture obtained by adding a fibrous additive having a higher tensile stress property and different expansion and contraction to the rubber composition before vulcanization and mixing, compared with the vulcanized rubber composition, is rolled, extruded, extracted, immersed or gold. At least 1 by applying a tensile stress so that the influence of the addition of the fibrous additive is impaired or reduced on a part of the sheet shape by molding into a sheet shape by molding. An elastic rubber product characterized in that it is manufactured as a rubber sheet product by forming two elongated portions .

A mixture obtained by adding a fibrous additive having a higher tensile stress property and different expansion and contraction to the rubber composition before vulcanization compared to the vulcanized rubber composition is extruded, extracted, dipped or molded. The tube is formed into a tube shape, vulcanized, cut to a predetermined width, and tensile stress is applied to a part of the ring so that the influence of the addition of the fibrous additive is impaired or reduced. An elastic rubber product characterized in that at least one elongated portion is formed as a rubber band product.

A mixture obtained by adding a fibrous additive having a strong tensile stress property and different expansion and contraction to the rubber composition before vulcanization and mixing, compared with the vulcanized rubber composition, is rolled, extracted, extracted, immersed or Molded into a sheet or tape shape by mold molding, vulcanized, cut into a predetermined width, bonded in a tube shape, cut into a predetermined width in the transverse direction, and the above-mentioned fibers in a part of the ring An elastic rubber product characterized in that at least one stretched portion is formed by applying a tensile stress so that the influence of the addition of the shaped additive is impaired or reduced, and is produced as a rubber band product .

A mixture obtained by adding a fibrous additive having a higher tensile stress property and different expansion and contraction to the rubber composition before vulcanization compared to the vulcanized rubber composition is extruded, extracted, dipped or molded. Is formed into a sheet, tape or thread, vulcanized, cut to a predetermined length and bonded or tied into a ring, and the above-mentioned fibrous addition is added to a part of the ring An elastic rubber product characterized in that at least one elongated portion is formed by applying a tensile stress so that the influence of the addition of an object is impaired or reduced, and is produced as a ring-shaped rubber product.

A mixture obtained by adding a fibrous additive having a higher tensile stress property and different expansion and contraction to the rubber composition before vulcanization and mixing, compared with the vulcanized rubber composition, is rolled, extruded, extracted, immersed or gold. Molded into a sheet or tape form and vulcanized, cut into a sheet, tape or thread with a predetermined width, cut into a predetermined length and bonded or tied into a ring The ring- shaped rubber product is formed by applying a tensile stress to the ring-shaped part so that the influence of the addition of the fibrous additive is impaired or reduced. Elastic rubber products characterized by being manufactured as

The elasticity according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein 0.30 to 30.00 parts by weight of the fibrous additive is added to and mixed with 99.70 to 70.00 parts by weight of the rubber composition. Rubber product.

The elastic rubber product according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the rubber composition is a rubber composition having a cis 1-4 isoprene main structure.

The elastic rubber product according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the fibrous additive is a polyamide-based short fiber.

Elastic rubber product according to any of claims 1 to 7 having a resulting tensile stress properties and equal have tensile stress properties after vulcanization of the extension portion before mixing of the rubber composition.

The elastic rubber product according to claim 11 , wherein the tensile stress has physical properties of a tensile strength of 150 kgf / cm ² or more, an elongation of 600% or more, and a 300% tensile stress of 10.5 kgf / cm ² or more.