JP3692171B2 - Supercooling water production equipment - Google Patents

Supercooling water production equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3692171B2
JP3692171B2 JP28575095A JP28575095A JP3692171B2 JP 3692171 B2 JP3692171 B2 JP 3692171B2 JP 28575095 A JP28575095 A JP 28575095A JP 28575095 A JP28575095 A JP 28575095A JP 3692171 B2 JP3692171 B2 JP 3692171B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
water
supercooler
cold water
temperature
subcooler
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP28575095A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH09126506A (en
Inventor
浩男 株根
正治 渡部
尚浩 山崎
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP28575095A priority Critical patent/JP3692171B2/en
Publication of JPH09126506A publication Critical patent/JPH09126506A/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、過冷却水製造装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
図3は、従来の過冷却水製造装置の一例を示す系統図である。冷水は、蓄熱槽1、冷水配管2、ポンプ3、冷水予熱器4、過冷却器5、出口配管9を通って蓄熱槽1へと循環する。過冷却器5においては、冷水は入口水室7から伝熱管6のチューブ側を経て出口水室8を通り出口配管9に至る。
【0003】
一方、冷媒系では、過冷却器5へ流入した冷媒を冷媒吸込管11を経て冷凍圧縮機13で吸引することによって、過冷却器5の冷媒は蒸発し、伝熱管6のチューブ内を流れている冷水を冷却する。冷凍圧縮機13で圧縮された冷媒は、冷媒吐出管12、凝縮器14で冷媒液となり、膨脹弁15を通って断熱膨脹する。以後、この冷凍サイクルが繰返される。
【0004】
伝熱管6のチューブ内を流れる冷水は過冷却の状態となり、これが蓄熱槽1の水面上での水流衝突により過冷却水の一部がシャーベット状の氷10となる。
【0005】
冷水予熱器4は、冷却水入口配管16、冷却水出口配管17に通された水で熱を与えられ、冷水を所定の温度に調節する。
【0006】
今、過冷却器5の伝熱管6のチューブ側を流れる過冷却水が何らかの要因で過冷却状態が解除されると、氷が発生し、伝熱管6の内部が凍結状態へと移行する。その結果、時間の経過と共に閉塞状態となる。
【0007】
このため、過冷却水製造装置においては、過冷却器の凍結防止装置を設けている。図3に示した従来の凍結防止装置は、過冷却器5に入る冷水の流量を検知することで冷凍圧縮機13に信号を送り、過冷却器5の凍結時に冷凍圧縮機13を停止するようにしている。
【0008】
この凍結防止装置は、流量センサ23、流量指示調節計24、冷凍圧縮機13を停止させる電気信号22から構成され、過冷却器5内の凍結による冷水流量の減少量を検出して凍結したと判定し、その時点で冷凍圧縮機13を停止させる。冷水流量の減少状況の一例を図4に示す。
【0009】
図4では、縦軸に流量指示調節計指示値を、横軸には時間をとり、過冷却器の凍結がない時は流量50m3/hを指示し、過冷却器の凍結が発生した時は流量が40m3/hになった時に冷凍圧縮機を停止させるように設定したことを示す。
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記従来の過冷却水製造装置では、過冷却器の凍結による伝熱管の破壊を防止するために、過冷却器入口において流量センサを用いて冷水流量を検出し、凍結時に過冷却器内の冷水流量が減少すると流量指示調節計を経て電気信号を送ることにより、冷凍圧縮機を停止させる。
【0011】
然るに、このような流量の変化は過冷却器内の凍結による場合のみでなく、次のような場合にも発生し、その都度冷凍圧縮機が停止するという不具合があった:
(1)図3における蓄熱槽1から冷水を吸引するポンプ3において、気孔吸引によるキャビテーションの発生により冷水流量が減少する。
【0012】
(2)ポンプ3の異物吸込による目詰りにより冷水流量が減少する。
【0013】
(3)バルブ操作等の操作ミス又はポンプ3の故障により冷水流量が減少する。
【0014】
本発明は、前記の問題を解決することができる過冷却水製造装置を提供しようとするものである。
【0015】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するものであって、過冷却器の入口における冷水圧力の検知装置と、前記過冷却器の出口における冷水温度の検知装置と、前記検知装置にそれぞれ接続する信号発信装置とを備え、前記信号発信装置よりの冷水圧力および冷水温度信号が設定値よりも上昇したときに、前記過冷却器の冷水の凍結を防止するように冷凍機を停止させることを特徴とする過冷却水製造装置である。
本過冷却水製造装置によれば、過冷却器内の伝熱管の凍結時に、正しく冷凍圧縮機を停止させて、同伝熱管の凍結による破壊を防止するため、過冷却器内を通る冷水流量の変動によることなく、同過冷却器入口における冷水の圧力と同過冷却器出口における冷水の温度の変動を検出し、それぞれ圧力上昇と温度上昇とによって、過冷却器内を流れる過冷却水の状態が何らかの原因で解除、即ち氷の発生による凍結時に、冷凍機をただちに停止させることができる
【0016】
本発明によれば、過冷却水製造装置の過冷却器における冷水の入口圧力と出口温度とを検出することにより、他の要因に影響されることなく過冷却器内伝熱管の凍結を迅速かつ正確に検出し、冷凍圧縮機の停止につなげることにより、過冷却器内伝熱管の凍結を防止し、その破壊を防ぐことができる。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の一形態に係る過冷却水製造装置を図1を用いて説明する。なお、図1において、図3に示した従来の装置と同一の部材には、同一の符号を付し、重複する説明を省略する。
【0018】
図1において、過冷却器5の入口水室7には、圧力センサ20とそれに接続する圧力指示調節計21を設けてある。
【0019】
一方、過冷却器5の出口水室8には、温度センサ18とそれに接続する温度指示調節計19を設け、それぞれ冷凍圧縮機停止用電気信号22を冷凍圧縮機13に送ることができる構成となっている。
【0020】
過冷却器5の伝熱管6のチューブ側で凍結が発生すると、冷水の入口圧力は急上昇し、一方、過冷却器5の出口水室8の冷水温度は、氷の発生によって0℃を示す。従って、圧力及び温度が急上昇したとき、冷凍圧縮機13を停止させる。
【0021】
図2に過冷却器5の凍結の有無による冷水入口圧力及び冷水出口温度の変化の一例を示す。図2では、縦軸に圧力及び温度のそれぞれの指示調節計指示値を、横軸には時間をとり、過冷却器の凍結がない時は圧力は1kg/cm2 Gを、温度は−2℃を指示し、過冷却器の凍結が発生した時は、圧力は2kg/cm2 Gになり、又は温度が0℃になると冷凍圧縮機停止用電気信号22を出すように設定している。
【0022】
本実施の形態では圧力センサとして精度の高いピエゾ素子を用いた圧力センサを用い、また温度センサとして精度の高い白金測温抵抗体(例としてPt100 Ω)を用いたが、一定の性能を有する他の代替物であればよく、ここに記載のものに限定されない。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
過冷却水製造装置における過冷却器内凍結防止のため、従来の過冷却器内を流れる冷水の流量を検出することにより冷凍圧縮機を停止する方式では、本来の凍結による冷水流量の減少のみならず、他の要因による流量の減少にも反応してしまい、その都度冷凍圧縮機が停止するという問題があったが、本発明によれば過冷却器入口部の冷水圧力と出口部の冷水温度を検出することにより、次の効果が得られる:
(1)過冷却器の入口圧力及び出口温度のダブルチェックにより過冷却器の凍結の判定が迅速かつ正確にできる。
【0024】
(2)過冷却器の凍結時には圧力及び温度の上昇が急激であるので、圧力指示調節計及び温度指示調節計の設定信号でもって、冷凍圧縮機を直ちに停止させることができる。これにより、過冷却器の伝熱管の凍結破壊を未然に防止できる。
【0025】
(3)過冷却水製造装置の自動運転が可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の一形態に係る過冷却水製造装置の系統図。
【図2】前記本発明の実施の一形態に係る過冷却器を通る冷水の入口圧力、出口温度の変化図。
【図3】従来の過冷却水製造装置の系統図。
【図4】従来の過冷却器を通る冷水の流量の変化図。
【符号の説明】
1 蓄熱槽
3 ポンプ
5 過冷却器
6 伝熱管
7 入口水管
8 出口水管
10 水
13 冷凍圧縮機
18 温度センサ
19 温度指示調節計
20 圧力センサ
21 圧力指示調節計
22 電気信号
23 流量センサ
24 流量指示調節計
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing supercooled water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing an example of a conventional supercooling water production apparatus. The cold water circulates to the heat storage tank 1 through the heat storage tank 1, the cold water pipe 2, the pump 3, the cold water preheater 4, the supercooler 5, and the outlet pipe 9. In the supercooler 5, the cold water passes from the inlet water chamber 7 through the tube side of the heat transfer tube 6, through the outlet water chamber 8 to the outlet pipe 9.
[0003]
On the other hand, in the refrigerant system, the refrigerant flowing into the supercooler 5 is sucked by the refrigeration compressor 13 through the refrigerant suction pipe 11, whereby the refrigerant in the supercooler 5 evaporates and flows in the tube of the heat transfer pipe 6. Cool the cold water. The refrigerant compressed by the refrigeration compressor 13 becomes a refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant discharge pipe 12 and the condenser 14 and adiabatically expands through the expansion valve 15. Thereafter, this refrigeration cycle is repeated.
[0004]
The chilled water flowing in the tube of the heat transfer tube 6 is in a supercooled state, and a part of the supercooled water becomes sherbet-like ice 10 due to a water flow collision on the water surface of the heat storage tank 1.
[0005]
The cold water preheater 4 is heated by the water passed through the cooling water inlet pipe 16 and the cooling water outlet pipe 17 and adjusts the cold water to a predetermined temperature.
[0006]
If the supercooled water flowing on the tube side of the heat transfer tube 6 of the supercooler 5 is released from the supercooled state for some reason, ice is generated and the inside of the heat transfer tube 6 shifts to the frozen state. As a result, it becomes a closed state with the passage of time.
[0007]
For this reason, the supercooling water production apparatus is provided with a freeze prevention device for the supercooler. The conventional antifreezing device shown in FIG. 3 sends a signal to the refrigeration compressor 13 by detecting the flow rate of cold water entering the subcooler 5 and stops the refrigeration compressor 13 when the subcooler 5 is frozen. I have to.
[0008]
This anti-freezing device is composed of a flow sensor 23, a flow rate indicating controller 24, and an electrical signal 22 for stopping the refrigeration compressor 13, and detects that the amount of decrease in the chilled water flow rate due to freezing in the subcooler 5 is frozen. Determination is made, and the refrigeration compressor 13 is stopped at that time. An example of the decrease state of the cold water flow rate is shown in FIG.
[0009]
In FIG. 4, the flow rate indicating controller indicated value is taken on the vertical axis, the time is taken on the horizontal axis, the flow rate is 50 m 3 / h when the subcooler is not frozen, and the subcooler is frozen. Indicates that the refrigeration compressor is set to stop when the flow rate reaches 40 m 3 / h.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional supercooling water production apparatus, in order to prevent the heat transfer tube from being destroyed due to freezing of the supercooler, the flow rate of cold water is detected at the inlet of the supercooler, and the cold water in the supercooler is frozen during freezing. When the flow rate decreases, the refrigeration compressor is stopped by sending an electric signal through the flow rate indicating controller.
[0011]
However, such a change in the flow rate occurs not only due to freezing in the subcooler but also in the following cases, and the refrigeration compressor stops each time:
(1) In the pump 3 for sucking cold water from the heat storage tank 1 in FIG. 3, the flow rate of cold water decreases due to the occurrence of cavitation due to pore suction.
[0012]
(2) The flow rate of cold water decreases due to clogging due to foreign matter suction of the pump 3.
[0013]
(3) The chilled water flow rate decreases due to an operation error such as valve operation or a failure of the pump 3.
[0014]
The present invention is intended to provide a supercooled water production apparatus that can solve the above-mentioned problems.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention solves the above-described problem, and includes a chilled water pressure detection device at an inlet of a supercooler, a chilled water temperature detection device at an outlet of the supercooler, and a signal transmission connected to the detection device. And when the chilled water pressure and the chilled water temperature signal from the signal transmission device rise above a set value, the refrigerator is stopped to prevent freezing of the chilled water in the supercooler. It is a supercooled water production apparatus.
According to this supercooling water production apparatus, when the heat transfer tube in the supercooler is frozen, the refrigeration compressor is stopped correctly, and the cooling water flow rate through the supercooler is prevented in order to prevent the heat transfer tube from being destroyed by freezing. The temperature of the chilled water at the inlet of the same subcooler and the temperature of the chilled water at the outlet of the same subcooler are detected without fluctuations. state release for some reason, that is during freezing due to the occurrence of ice, the cryocooler can immediately be stopped.
[0016]
According to the present invention, by detecting the cold water inlet pressure and outlet temperature in the supercooler of the supercooling water production apparatus, the freezing of the heat transfer tube in the supercooler can be performed quickly and without being affected by other factors. By accurately detecting and connecting to the stop of the refrigeration compressor, the heat transfer tube in the subcooler can be prevented from freezing and its destruction can be prevented.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a supercooling water producing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, the same members as those of the conventional apparatus shown in FIG.
[0018]
In FIG. 1, the inlet water chamber 7 of the supercooler 5 is provided with a pressure sensor 20 and a pressure indicating controller 21 connected thereto.
[0019]
On the other hand, the outlet water chamber 8 of the supercooler 5 is provided with a temperature sensor 18 and a temperature indicating controller 19 connected to the temperature sensor 18, and can respectively send a refrigeration compressor stop electrical signal 22 to the refrigeration compressor 13. It has become.
[0020]
When freezing occurs on the tube side of the heat transfer tube 6 of the supercooler 5, the inlet pressure of the cold water rises rapidly, while the cold water temperature in the outlet water chamber 8 of the supercooler 5 shows 0 ° C. due to the generation of ice. Therefore, when the pressure and temperature rise rapidly, the refrigeration compressor 13 is stopped.
[0021]
FIG. 2 shows an example of changes in the cold water inlet pressure and the cold water outlet temperature depending on whether or not the supercooler 5 is frozen. In FIG. 2, the vertical axis indicates the indicated values of the controller and pressure, the horizontal axis indicates time, and when the subcooler is not frozen, the pressure is 1 kg / cm 2 G and the temperature is −2. When the temperature of 0 ° C. is indicated and the subcooler freezes, the pressure is set to 2 kg / cm 2 G, or when the temperature reaches 0 ° C., the electric signal 22 for stopping the refrigeration compressor is set.
[0022]
In this embodiment, a pressure sensor using a high-precision piezo element is used as the pressure sensor, and a high-precision platinum resistance thermometer (eg, Pt100 Ω) is used as the temperature sensor. Any alternative may be used, and is not limited to those described here.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
In order to prevent freezing in the subcooler in the supercooling water production system, the conventional method of stopping the refrigeration compressor by detecting the flow of cold water flowing in the supercooler can only reduce the flow of cold water due to freezing. In addition, there was a problem that the refrigeration compressor stopped each time when the flow rate decreased due to other factors, but according to the present invention, the chilled water pressure at the subcooler inlet and the chilled water temperature at the outlet. By detecting, the following effects are obtained:
(1) The determination of the freezing of the subcooler can be made quickly and accurately by double checking the inlet pressure and outlet temperature of the subcooler.
[0024]
(2) Since the rise in pressure and temperature is rapid when the subcooler is frozen, the refrigeration compressor can be stopped immediately with the setting signals of the pressure indicating controller and the temperature indicating controller. Thereby, the freezing destruction of the heat exchanger tube of a supercooler can be prevented beforehand.
[0025]
(3) The automatic operation of the supercooling water production apparatus becomes possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a supercooling water production apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a change diagram of the inlet pressure and outlet temperature of cold water passing through the supercooler according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a conventional supercooling water production apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a change diagram of the flow rate of cold water passing through a conventional supercooler.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Thermal storage tank 3 Pump 5 Supercooler 6 Heat transfer pipe 7 Inlet water pipe 8 Outlet water pipe 10 Water 13 Refrigeration compressor 18 Temperature sensor 19 Temperature indication controller 20 Pressure sensor 21 Pressure indication controller 22 Electric signal 23 Flow sensor 24 Flow indication adjustment Total

Claims (1)

過冷却器の入口における冷水圧力の検知装置と、前記過冷却器の出口における冷水温度の検知装置と、前記検知装置にそれぞれ接続する信号発信装置とを備え、前記信号発信装置よりの冷水圧力および冷水温度信号が設定値よりも上昇したときに、前記過冷却器の冷水の凍結を防止するように冷凍機を停止させることを特徴とする過冷却水製造装置。A chilled water pressure detecting device at the inlet of the subcooler, a chilled water temperature detecting device at the outlet of the supercooler, and a signal transmitting device connected to each of the detecting devices, the chilled water pressure from the signal transmitting device and An apparatus for producing supercooled water , wherein when the cold water temperature signal rises above a set value , the refrigerator is stopped to prevent freezing of the cold water in the supercooler.
JP28575095A 1995-11-02 1995-11-02 Supercooling water production equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3692171B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28575095A JP3692171B2 (en) 1995-11-02 1995-11-02 Supercooling water production equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28575095A JP3692171B2 (en) 1995-11-02 1995-11-02 Supercooling water production equipment

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH09126506A JPH09126506A (en) 1997-05-16
JP3692171B2 true JP3692171B2 (en) 2005-09-07

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP28575095A Expired - Fee Related JP3692171B2 (en) 1995-11-02 1995-11-02 Supercooling water production equipment

Country Status (1)

Country Link
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Publication number Publication date
JPH09126506A (en) 1997-05-16

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