JP3683118B2 - Electric turning machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electric switch driven by a motor that converts and locks a branching device in a railway, and more particularly to an electric switch that can effectively protect an overload of the electric switch.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state in which a conventional electric switch 1 using a motor M as a drive source is installed in a railway branching device P, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a side view showing a mechanical configuration of a gear mechanism and the like incorporated therein, FIG. 6B is a plan view of FIG. 6A, FIG. It is detail drawing of an inside electrical component.
[0003]
Hereinafter, a conventional electric turning machine will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7. The electric turning machine 1 uses a motor M as a drive source, a friction clutch 2, a reduction gear 3, a conversion gear 4, The conversion roller 5 and the operation can 6 are transmitted in this order, and the operation can 6 is linearly moved (see the arrow in FIG. 5B) by the cam 6 'of the conversion roller 5 and the operation can 6. Then, the tongrel T of the branching device P is converted through the rod 7 ' (FIG. 4) connected to the operation lever 6 and the rolling rod 7, and the tip position of the converted tongrel T is in a normal position. If it is in the normal position, it is locked and operates to complete the conversion operation.
[0004]
This lock conveys the position of the tip of the branching device P to the lock rod 10 of the electric switch 1 via the front rod 8 and the connecting rod 9, and the notch 10a of the lock rod 10 (FIG. 5 (b)). ) Is performed by inserting the lock piece 11 into the bracket. If the lock piece 11 can be inserted, the circuit controller detects that the position of the tip of the branching device P is determined to be normal. In the position that is judged to this normal, the tip of the dense adhesive side tongue rail stage of conversion has been completed (tongue rails T on the left side in FIG. 4) is configured to closely wear basic rail R, locking cans 10 at that position The lock piece 11 is adjusted in advance so that it can be inserted into the notch 10a.
[0005]
The lock piece 11 has been inserted into the notch 10a of the lock can 10 upon completion of the conversion of the electric switch 1. At this time, when the motor M of the electric switch 1 starts to be driven, the lock piece 11 is removed from the notch 10a of the lock can 10 and the lock of the operation can 6 is released. Next, when the operation can 6 is moved, the tongrel T of the branching device P is converted through the rod 7 'and the rolling rod 7 connected thereto. When the conversion is completed, a lock piece (not shown) is inserted into the notch of the other locking cane 10 to lock the operating cane. The circuit controller detects that the lock piece has been inserted, and the conversion lock is completed.
[0006]
When the conversion lock is completed, the circuit controller 100 notifies the interlocking device of the completion of the conversion, and the interlocking device is in a state where the train can pass with the signal device as a travel signal. The circuit controller 100 shuts off the motor power at the end of conversion, but continues to supply power without shutting off the motor power if the lock piece cannot be inserted.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the oil above the conventional rolling iron machine, so has the splitter tongue rail structure for the conversion by causing slide on the floor plate, also because it is installed outdoors, which lubricate the floor was There or is flow rain, or adhered dust or rust is or generated, has a property of sliding resistance between the tongue rail and the floor plate varies greatly. The magnitude of the sliding resistance varies depending on each branching device, and has a large fluctuation range, and includes many elements that are overloaded when viewed from an electric switch. In addition, the stop position of the tip of the Tongrel is slightly out of order, which causes a so-called lock error that the lock piece cannot be inserted into the notch of the lock cane.
[0008]
When an electric switch with the above-mentioned branching device as a load is interrupted by a series of operations due to overload or lock failure , the motor supplied with power supplies the required torque to continue driving. The motor current increases, causing overheating due to a temperature rise, and if the state continues, there is a disadvantage that the motor burns out. Further, when the conversion is suddenly stopped, the inertia of the motor rotor is applied as an impact to the motor shaft, the reduction gear, etc., causing shaft breakage and tooth breakage. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, a clutch such as a friction clutch 2 is provided between the motor M of the electric switch and the reduction gear 3, and slipping occurs when torque exceeding the set transmission torque is applied. The torque is reduced to prevent damage and burnout in the event of overload or lock failure, and it is easy to investigate the cause by maintaining an abnormal state. However, since the clutch has a mechanical structure, there is a disadvantage that it takes a place in the housing and enlarges the electric switch.
[0009]
The conversion force, which is the output of the electric switch, is determined by the relationship between the motor drive torque and the clutch transmission torque, but the motor drive torque is larger than the clutch transfer torque with a margin. The maximum conversion force is determined by the clutch transmission torque. If the set value is too small for the load, the clutch slips during the conversion and the load cannot be converted, that is, the conversion cannot be performed. although impossible hardly become a, splitter tongue rail by diversion when dense wear basic rails, large rollers for driving the motor and reduction gear and operation cans cam electric point lock device collides with the base rail It gives an impact. The impact force is largely dependent on the inertia of the speed and the rotor of the motor at the time of collision, when the impact is large, the direction in which the operating cans electric point lock unit is converted by the reaction to move in the opposite direction closely The landing side Tongrel leaves the basic rail. Therefore, once the lock piece has been inserted into the notch of the lock can, the phenomenon that the lock piece is pulled out again, so-called inversion, occurs. The circuit controller may detect this reversal, turn on the motor power again, and may cause inconvenience that the conversion and reversal are repeated and the completion of the conversion lock becomes unstable.
[0010]
For this reason, the transmission torque of the clutch should be set appropriately to a size that matches the load of the branching device while observing the switching state of the branching device so as not to cause inversion and not to cause reversal. There is. In addition, since the magnitude of the load fluctuates, there is an inconvenience that the transmission torque of the clutch must be set periodically.
[0011]
The clutches of the switching machine are roughly classified into a friction clutch that transmits transmission torque by the frictional resistance of the friction plate and a magnetic clutch that transmits transmission torque by magnetic coupling. The friction clutch has a structure that can adjust the transmission torque, and it can be set to a size that fits the load of the branching device, but it can be adjusted to adjust the spring pressure of the spring holding the friction plate. It is necessary to perform the work of adjusting the spring pressure by adjusting the tightening of the nut by fixing with special metal fittings. In order to adjust the spring pressure until it becomes moderate, it is necessary to periodically adjust the transmission torque because the transmission torque of the clutch fluctuates due to changes in temperature, etc. It was.
[0012]
In view of this, a magnetic clutch is being used in which the transmission torque is less likely to fluctuate when the temperature changes (for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-50401). Since the size is fixed, in the case of a so-called light load where the switching power of the branching device is small, the above-described inversion occurs, and there is a drawback that it cannot be used for a light-loading branching device. Moreover, the magnet clutch itself is expensive, and its size and weight occupy about 1/2 of the motor, and the electric switch is large, heavy and expensive.
[0013]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and its object is to easily and easily stabilize and adjust the maximum conversion force in the case of an electric switch incorporating a friction clutch. In the case of an electric turning machine incorporating a magnet clutch, it is an object of the present invention to provide a turning machine that can easily and easily adjust the maximum conversion force. In addition, instead of clutches such as friction clutches and magnet clutches, the role of clutch overload protection is replaced with another means, and a simple joint that absorbs shock to some extent can be used for inspection and mechanical adjustment. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric switch that can be set optimally and easily with the optimum maximum conversion force and the conversion force at the time of disturbance.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an electric switch according to the present invention is an electric switch that converts and locks a railway branching device using an AC motor as a drive source. Overload detection means for detecting an overload of the electric switch from the drive current or drive torque after the elapse of time, and a period required for torque reduction that is larger than the period of the AC power supply when the overload is detected It is characterized by having a intermittent signal generating means for generating and outputting an intermittent signal of, and a power supply unit for performing intermittent supply of AC power to the AC motor in response to the outputted intermittently signals .
With the above configuration, the power supply means intermittently supplies the AC power to the AC motor in response to the intermittent signal of the period required for torque reduction, which is greater than the period of the AC power supply, input from the intermittent signal generating means. As a result, the AC motor continues to rotate and the driving torque of the AC motor is reduced.
Further, the intermittent signal generating means is characterized by those which can be arbitrarily set period of intermittent signals.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an electric switch according to the present invention will be described based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a portion for supplying drive power to a motor of an electric switch according to an embodiment.
[0016]
The motor M is composed of an AC motor similar to that used in a known electric switch. The motor M is configured to be driven and controlled by a motor control circuit a configured by the known control circuit shown in FIG. Although not shown, the mechanical configuration of the electric switch is the same as that shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, and a magnetic clutch may be used instead of the friction clutch 2. Moreover, although mentioned later, it replaces with these friction clutches and magnet clutches, and can also use joints, such as a simple buffer joint.
[0017]
As described above, the electric switch according to the present invention has a feature that the conventional mechanical configuration and the basic motor control circuit a can be applied as they are.
[0018]
In FIG. 1, a portion surrounded by a is a characteristic component of the present invention (hereinafter, a portion surrounded by a is referred to as a “characteristic component of the present invention”), and b of which is an overload detection It is a part, Comprising: The drive current of the motor M is detected and it is comprised so that the load state of the motor M can be detected.
[0019]
That is, the overload detection unit b is provided with a current measuring sensor, such as a CT (Carre cement transformer = current transformer), when its value exceeds a set value a predetermined overload, An overload detection signal can be output. Since the current at the start of the motor M exceeds the above set value, a mask process is performed using a timer circuit or the like so that an overload detection signal is not output for a predetermined time, for example, 0.5 seconds from the start. It is configured to be made.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 2 (a) , the intermittent signal generation unit c normally generates a continuous signal, and has a certain period when it receives an overload detection signal from the overload detection unit b. generates a pulse-like intermittent signals, has been configured to output the generated intermittent signal to the power output portion d. Note that the period of the intermittent signal is configured to be arbitrarily set.
[0021]
The power output unit d is composed of an SSR circuit having a zero cross function, and when a continuous signal is input from the intermittent signal generating unit c as shown in FIG. 2B, from the motor control circuit a. The AC current is supplied to the motor M without being interrupted. However, when an intermittent signal is input from the intermittent signal generator c, the alternating current from the motor control circuit a is intermittently cycled at a cycle equal to the cycle of the intermittent signal. The motor M is then supplied to continue the rotation of the motor . Note that the SSR circuit having the zero cross function may be realized by another circuit such as a transistor circuit or a triac circuit.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 2C, the power output unit d can supply an alternating current from the motor control circuit a to the motor M when the intermittent signal is ON (“1”), and the intermittent signal is OFF ( In “0”), the supply of the alternating current from the motor control circuit a to the motor M can be stopped.
[0023]
In addition, the characteristic component part a of this invention can be used by connecting in series with the terminal C or the terminal D of the said FIG. 7, for example. As another example, torque can be set for each rotation direction of the motor M by connecting each of the E points and the F points in series one by one.
[0024]
Next, the operation when the electric point lock device 1 is to use a friction clutch, described with a case of converting the splitter P by the electric point lock unit 1 as an example.
[0025]
The electric point lock device 1 with the friction clutch, and when the to use this by adding a characteristic component i of the present invention, the torque setpoint of the friction clutch, in advance, by setting the maximum inhibition Ya It should be used as a shock absorber that works only against impact when conversion is completed.
[0026]
By doing so, since no power is supplied to the motor control circuit a during normal operation, no current flows through the motor M, and the overload detection unit b outputs a continuous signal output to the intermittent signal generation unit. The intermittent signal generator c is in a state where the power output unit d can supply the AC power to the motor M continuously, that is, as usual. Next, when power is supplied to the motor control circuit a, the power output unit d supplies the supplied AC power to the motor M as it is. Thus, the motor M is able to generate a normal driving dynamic torque. That is, when the motor M is started, the internal mechanism of the electric switch 1 starts to move and performs a series of operations such as unlocking, converting, and locking as described above. Will turn off.
[0027]
Now, assume that the load is overloaded after the motor M is started. In this case, since the current of the motor M exceeds the set value of the overload detection unit b, the overload detection unit b outputs an intermittent signal from the intermittent signal generation unit c at that moment. The intermittent signal generation unit c outputs an intermittent signal to the power output unit d, and the power output unit d supplies AC power from the motor control circuit a to the motor at a zero-cross timing in accordance with the cycle of the intermittent signal. It will be supplied intermittently (see FIG. 2C).
[0028]
As described above, when the electric switch 1 is overloaded, the AC power from the motor control circuit a is supplied to the motor M in an intermittent cycle, so that the driving torque of the motor M is reduced to the set value. However, the drive torque is maintained in that state. During this time, the increase in motor current is suppressed, and the motor M can maintain the overloaded position without overheating. Therefore, the rushed maintenance person learns that the branching device P is stopped at the position where the overload occurs, and can quickly and easily investigate the cause of the overload.
[0029]
FIG. 3 shows an SSR having a zero-cross function, a transistor circuit, etc. in the characteristic component part B of the present invention so that the power supply to the motor M can be cut off in the overload state as described above. The example which provided the power supply cutoff part e which consists of switching circuits is shown. That is, here, a configuration is shown in which the power cutoff unit e is interposed in the power supply line of the motor M.
[0030]
As described above, when the power cutoff unit e is provided in the power supply line of the motor M, a continuous signal is output for a predetermined time or more after the overload is detected, or the output of the power cutoff unit e is intermittent output. If the motor current or the motor driving torque does not drop below the set value within a predetermined arbitrarily set time for reasons that are not, the power supply is shut off. Once in the shut-off state, the state is not released until the power supply from the motor control circuit a is exhausted, so that the motor M can be prevented from being burned out. Then, when the reset button R of the characteristic component part A or B of the present invention is pressed, power can be supplied again. The reset button R of the intermittent signal generation unit c may be provided in the power output unit d.
[0031]
In the electric switch having the above-described configuration, if the drive torque of the motor M is set to satisfy the transmission torque of the friction clutch, the maximum conversion force is determined by the drive torque of the motor M, and the maximum conversion force is Since it is independent of the torque of the friction clutch, the maximum conversion force of the electric switching machine 1 can be stabilized, and the adjustment of the maximum conversion force of the electric switching machine 1 can be arbitrarily set to the detected set value. Since it can be set to a value, it has the advantage of being simple and easy. In addition, the friction clutch causes slippage between the friction plates when torque exceeding the transmission torque is applied, and the transmission torque is greatly reduced by changing the frictional resistance from static friction to dynamic friction. though those stable, we are used by adding a characteristic component a) or (b of the present invention, since the circumferential phase of intermittent signal from the intermittent signal generator c can be set to any value, the overload conversion force when it becomes also electrically can be set to any value, the optimum setting can be done easily. That is, the maximum torque for changing the load of the electric switch 1 is set by adjusting the set value of the overload detector b, and the setting of the transmission torque of the motor M when there is an abnormality is , by adjusting the periodic intermittent signal generator c, it can be easily performed, respectively.
[0032]
In the case of the electric switch 1 equipped with a magnetic clutch, the relationship of the driving torque of the motor M ≧ the transmission torque of the magnetic clutch is set, but the transmission torque is set to be considerably higher than that of the friction clutch. When the characteristic constituent parts (a) or (b) are added to the invention, they can be used as a shock absorber that acts against the inhibition as it is or the impact when conversion is completed. Then, by setting the detection of the overload detection unit b to a predetermined arbitrary value and setting the driving torque of the motor M ≦ the transmission torque of the magnet clutch, the maximum conversion force of the electric switch 1 is Since it is determined by the driving torque of the motor M and the maximum conversion force of the electric switch 1 can be adjusted, the detection set value can be set to an arbitrary value electrically, so that it has a feature that can be performed simply and easily. .
[0033]
The above example is an example in which a friction clutch or a magnetic clutch is used for an electric switch, but by adding the characteristic component a or b of the present invention, such a full-scale clutch is removed, By attaching a simple shock absorber that absorbs only the impact, or by reducing the inertia of the rotor of the motor M of the electric rolling machine 1 and increasing the strength of the reduction gear 3 and the conversion roller 5 to withstand the impact. By doing so, it is possible to eliminate the clutch from the electric switch 1. Also, there are shock absorbers that cushion in the rotational direction and those that cushion in the linear direction, and a simple one that suits the place of use such as spring, hydraulic pressure, pneumatic pressure, magnetism, etc. can be used as the mechanism. In addition, the shock cushioning setting needs to exceed the motor driving torque with sufficient margin for the value including temperature fluctuations and aging deterioration. Therefore, it is not necessary to use a complicated device that is simple in structure, small, and inexpensive. As such, a joint such as a buffer joint can be used.
[0034]
In the above-described example, the current of the motor M is monitored and the overload is detected by the overload detection unit b. However, a similar process may be performed by detecting the transmission torque of the motor M. This torque detection can be performed directly using a sensor, but can also be performed by estimating the torque from the voltage and current supplied to the motor M. Further, an impact buffering mechanism may be provided in a joint or conversion mechanism connected to the motor M, and the rotational deviation or movement deviation may be detected by a sensor. In addition, although the power of the characteristic component part A or B of the present invention is always supplied, the same power may be supplied from the motor control circuit a. In this way, since it works only when power is supplied to the motor M, power consumption can be reduced.
[0035]
Furthermore, in the above example, the case where the intermittent cycle is constant and the ON / OFF generation ratio is variable has been described. However, even if the ON / OFF generation ratio is fixed and the generation period is variable, the The effect of overload protection of the switch is obtained, and the effect of overload protection of the electric switch is obtained even if the ON / OFF occurrence ratio and the intermittent period are variable.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
An electric switch according to claim 1 of the present invention is an overload that detects an overload of an electric switch from a drive current or a drive torque after a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of an AC motor as a drive source. A detecting means, an intermittent signal generating means for generating and outputting an intermittent signal having a period required for a torque reduction larger than the period of the AC power supply when an overload is detected, and the intermittent signal generating means corresponding to the output intermittent signal; because it has a power supply unit for performing intermittent supply of AC power to the AC motor, when the overload is detected, then drops to a value that the driving torque is set by the AC motor, held in that state Therefore, during this period, the increase in motor current is suppressed, and the AC motor can maintain the overloaded position without overheating. Therefore, the maintenance person knows that the branching unit is stopped at the position where the overload occurs, and can quickly and easily investigate the cause of the overload. And the setting of the maximum torque for changing the load of the electric switch is by adjusting the setting value of the overload detection means, the setting of the transmission torque of the AC motor when there is an abnormality is an intermittent signal Each can be easily performed by adjusting the period of the generating means. Further, when the electric rolling iron machine is to use a friction clutch, a sufficient transfer is the friction clutch with respect to adjusting them if the load to work in adjusting the maximum torque only large torque, such as shock Torque can be secured. Even if the maximum transmission torque of the friction clutch decreases due to the influence of temperature change, it can have a sufficient margin to change the load. Moreover, in this state, inversion is conventionally caused, but the occurrence of inversion can be effectively suppressed. In addition, when the electric switch uses a magnetic clutch , it is difficult to change the transmission torque of the clutch, and the maximum conversion force is optimal in accordance with the load so as not to reverse. Can be adjusted. Furthermore, if a shock absorber that absorbs only an impact is used by adjusting the intermittent signal, it is possible to provide an electric switch for a shock-absorbing joint.
[0037]
In addition, since the electric switch according to claim 2 of the present invention can arbitrarily set the cycle of the intermittent signal output from the intermittent signal generating means, the presence or absence of the clutch, the type of the clutch, the electric switch Tsu machine according to the installation environment of the can you to reliably achieve the appropriate levels to overload protection intermittent period of the AC power source.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of characteristic components of an electric switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an output waveform diagram of an overload detector and an intermittent signal generator.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of characteristic components of an electric switch according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state in which a conventional electric switch using a motor as a drive source is installed in a railway turnout.
FIG. 5A is a side view showing a mechanical configuration of a gear mechanism and the like incorporated in the electric switch, and FIG. 5B is a plan view of FIG. 5A.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a control system of the electric switch.
7 is a detailed view of the electrical components of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
a Motor control circuit b Overload detection section c Intermittent signal generation section d Power output section M Motor

Claims (2)

In an electric switch that converts and locks a railway turnout using an AC motor as a drive source,
Overload detection means for detecting an overload of the electric switch from a drive current or a drive torque after a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the AC motor;
An intermittent signal generating means for generating and outputting an intermittent signal of a period required for torque reduction, which is larger than the period of the AC power supply when an overload is detected;
And a power supply unit for performing intermittent supply of AC power to the AC motor in response to the outputted gated transmission,
An electric tipping machine characterized by comprising: 2. The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein the intermittent signal generating means can arbitrarily set the period of the intermittent signal.

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