JP3678588B2 - Air membrane structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention covers a whole work space such as a construction site such as repair and painting of a ship, a construction site, a temporary exhibition hall, a ball game field, etc., and is lightweight so that it can work even during snowfall, The present invention relates to an air membrane structure that is easy to set up.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, outdoor work has been stopped when it rains or snows, and is continued after the rain and snow stop. However, if the work is stopped every time it rains or snows, the work efficiency is poor and there is a work that cannot be postponed by any means. For this reason, in order to be able to work efficiently without being influenced by the weather, for example, construction sites such as ship repair and painting, construction work sites, temporary exhibition halls, working spaces such as ballparks, and / or residences A roof-like membrane structure for securing a space (hereinafter, “work space and / or living space” is simply referred to as “activity space”) has been proposed. As such a roof-like structure, there is an object for semi-permanent use over a long period of time, but there is also an object that can ensure a predetermined work space and living space only for a certain period.
[0003]
As a roof-like structure that only needs to ensure a predetermined activity space for the predetermined period, there is a structure in which a framework made of a temporary member such as a pipe material is formed and this framework is covered with a sheet. However, when it becomes a large-sized roof-like structure required to cover a wide space, there is a problem in that the weight of pipe material or the like increases, and labor and time spent for transportation, installation, and dismantling become enormous.
[0004]
As a method for solving this problem, the present inventors disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-146592 the ratio of the opening width of the air membrane structure to the width of the opening, the ratio of the total height to the effective height, and the effective height. There has been proposed an air film structure having improved rigidity by keeping the ratio of the opening width to a predetermined range. However, in the case of this air membrane structure, although it can withstand strong winds with a wind speed of 10 m / sec or more, the market needs to be used in a more severe environment are increasing year by year, and it has become impossible to respond. In addition, since the air membrane structure vibrates and shakes with respect to the wind flowing perpendicularly to the opening direction , there is also a problem that anxiety is given to people in the living space.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the above-described problems, the present invention is to provide a lightweight air membrane structure that is easy to set up, dismantle, and transport and that can withstand a large wind pressure.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Here, as the present invention for achieving the above object, “a fabric comprising a woven or knitted fabric comprising at least one fiber selected from the group of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, polyolefin fiber, and polyarylate fiber” In addition, a double membrane structure composed of a lower surface film and an upper surface film formed by a film material having a basis weight of 30 to 200 g / m ² formed by compounding with a resin such as polyurethane, acrylic rubber, fluoro rubber, or vinyl chloride resin. None, an air chamber is formed by the rib-shaped foie membrane group connecting the lower surface film and the upper surface film, and the rib-shaped foyer film is provided with a communication hole through which air can flow, and is injected into the air chamber. Air film structure that is resistant to strong winds with wind speed of 10 m / sec or more, with openings formed on both side edges of the pressurized gas, and a top surface film having a roof-like solid shape A is, wherein at least the upper half of the opening of which is wind reinforcing member formed of a plate-like body for closing the opening detachably attached to the main body of the air film structure, its shape following ( An air membrane structure characterized by satisfying the requirements 1) to (3) at the same time is provided.
(1) h / H ≦ 0.95
(2) h ≧ 2 (m)
(3) H ≧ 2.5 (m)
Where H: effective height of air membrane structure (m)
h: Arrangement height of windproof reinforcing member (m)
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The embodiment of the present invention described above will be described below in detail together with the operation thereof with reference to the drawings.
[0008]
The air membrane structure of the present invention is a light-injection-type lightweight structure that forms a three-dimensional roof-like shape by injecting air, and its basic structure is as shown in FIG.
[0009]
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an air film structure (sometimes simply referred to as “main body”), and the air film structure 1 has an upper surface film 2, a lower surface film 3, and a rib-like foyer film 4. The rib-like foie membrane 4 has a communication hole 6. When the main body 1 is used alone, 5 constitutes a side film, and is substantially constituted by the upper film 2 or the lower film 3. However, when an air film structure is formed by a plurality of air film structure units, the air film structure units are joined together to form a pressure contact surface. Reference numeral 7 denotes an air supply / exhaust port, and 8 denotes a windproof reinforcing member.
[0010]
Here, the air membrane structure 1 of the present invention has a basis weight of 30 to 200 g / m ² and an air permeability of 0.1 cc / sec · cm ² or less, preferably 50 g / m ² or less, 0.02 cc / A membrane material having an air permeability of sec · cm ² or less is used. The air permeability test method was obtained by applying compressed air corresponding to a 1.27 cm water column to a fabric and measuring the amount of air per unit area passing through the fabric as a sample within a certain time ( Compliant with Japanese Industrial Standard “JIS L1096 General Textile Test Method”).
[0011]
The air membrane structure 1 of the present invention employs a double structure in which an air chamber is formed between the lower film 3 and the upper film 2 by using the film material as the lower film 3 and the upper film 2. Form the body. At this time, the portion having the double structure needs to be configured to be 30% or more of the total area. If it is less than 30%, it is not preferable that the air column portion is reduced and the air film structure 1 is difficult to start up as a roof-like three-dimensional structure when air is injected into the air chamber. In addition, when a plurality of double structure portions are formed, it is preferable that these air chambers communicate with each other rather than allowing the double structure portions to exist independently. By doing in this way, the air film structure 1 excellent in form retainability, stability, assembly or removal is provided. Furthermore, at least one or more air supply / exhaust ports 7 are provided in the side surface of the main body in the double structure part, and a roof-like three-dimensional shape can be formed by injecting air from the air supply / exhaust port 7. . In addition, it is preferable that the number of the air supply / exhaust ports 7 is increased because the number of the air supply / exhaust ports 7 can be quickly folded. However, the number is preferably determined appropriately according to the structure of the double membrane.
[0012]
Here, when the basis weight of the membrane material constituting the air membrane structure 1 exceeds 200 g / m ² , it is difficult to attach and detach, and the work is troublesome and time-consuming, whereas it is less than 30 g / m ^2. However, there are problems with strength and air permeability, making stable use difficult. In particular, it is preferable that the basis weight be 30 to 50 g / m ² for a large-sized one that has been reduced in weight. Further, if the air permeability exceeds 0.1 cc / sec · cm ² , it is not preferable because the form retainability is lost when the surface area of the membrane material is increased. ^It is preferably ² or less, particularly 0.02 cc / sec · cm ² or less, and more preferably substantially 0.
[0013]
The material of the membrane material may be any polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, polyolefin fiber, polyarylate fiber, or other strong synthetic fiber, preferably polyester fiber or aramid fiber. Yes, the fabric woven and knitted with each fiber was combined with a resin such as polyurethane, acrylic rubber, fluoro rubber, vinyl chloride resin, etc., and the air permeability was reduced to 0.1 cc / sec · cm ² or less as described above. A membrane material is used.
[0014]
Next, the rib-shaped foie membrane 4 which is one element characterizing the air membrane structure 1 of the present invention will be described. With respect to the rib-like foie film 4, the rib-like foyer film 4 is arranged so that the upper surface film 2 and the lower surface film 3 are vertically connected at a pitch of 20 to 100 cm between the upper surface film 2 and the lower surface film 3. It is preferable to put them in parallel in the circumferential direction. At this time, the material of the rib-like foie membrane 4 is the same as that of the double membrane material (the lower surface membrane 3 and the upper surface membrane 2), and is 1/400 to 1/1 / of the total area of the membrane material. It is preferable to provide six communication holes having an opening that occupies an area of 2. By doing so, even if the upper surface film 2 and the lower surface film 3 are partitioned vertically by the rib-like foyer film 4, the air passes through the air holes of the air film structure 1 through the group of communication holes 6. It becomes possible to distribute freely. Here, the communication hole 6 will be further described. If the total opening area of the group of communication holes 6 exceeds 1/2 of the total area of the rib-shaped foie membrane film 4, the strength of the air membrane structure 1 itself will be described. However, if it is less than 1/400, it takes time to inject and exhaust air. The opening shape (the shape of the communication hole 6) is preferably a circular shape such as a circle, an ellipse, or an egg.
[0015]
Next, in order to solve the problem that the air membrane structure 1 provided with a large opening becomes unstable when strong wind blows along the edge of the opening and the roof-like solid shape is not maintained. The provided windproof reinforcing member 8 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2- (a) and-(b). As the shape of the windproof reinforcing member 8, as shown in FIG. 2- (b), the whole opening of the main body 1 may be covered and an entrance / exit may be provided. In this case, the entrance / exit shape is not particularly limited.
[0016]
In the figure, H represents the effective height of the air membrane structure 1, and h represents the effective height of the windproof reinforcing member. Here, it is important that these parameters satisfy the following equations (1) to (3) at the same time.
h / H ≦ 0.95 (1)
h ≧ 2 (m) (2)
H ≧ 2.5 (m) (3)
[0017]
Here, in the shape and dimension range of the practical windproof reinforcing member 8, h / H ≦ 0.95 is preferable. This is because when h / H exceeds 0.95, the wind-flow reinforcement member 8 is less obstructed by the wind flow and the effect of the truss structure is reduced, so that deformation and buckling easily occur. Because. At this time, it is further necessary to satisfy h ≧ 2. This is because if h is less than 2 m , it is not preferable because it interferes with the entry / exit of people and the import / export of materials. It is also necessary to satisfy H ≧ 2.5. This is because if H is less than 2.5 m , the effective space of the air membrane structure 1 is reduced, which is not practical. The windproof reinforcing member 8 is attached to the openings on both side ends of the main body 1.
[0018]
Moreover, it is desirable that the shape and size of the windproof reinforcing member 8 matches the three-dimensional shape of the frontage formed by the main body 1 after the pressurized gas is injected. This is because, on the other hand, in general, the air membrane structure 1 is different from the design size after the formation of the three-dimensional shape due to the expansion of the air chamber by the pressurized gas injection and the dead weight of the membrane material or the like. Because it occurs. On the other hand, if the shape dimensions of the windproof reinforcing member 8 and the frontage shape dimensions of the main body 1 after the formation of the three-dimensional shape do not match, the main body 1 has a bending point, which impairs aesthetics. This is because stress concentration occurs in the windproof reinforcing member 8 and is not preferable in terms of strength.
[0019]
In addition, when connecting with the main body 1 so that attachment or detachment is possible by a locking member, it is preferable to use a member having elasticity, such as natural rubber and synthetic rubber, as the locking member. This is because the main body 1 is slightly deformed by receiving an external load such as a wind load even when the shape of the main body 1 after the formation of the three-dimensional shape and the shape of the windproof reinforcing member 8 are matched. And the same problem as described above arises. Therefore, it is preferable to use an elastic material that relieves stress concentration due to deformation.
[0020]
Next, the action and effect of the windproof reinforcing member 8 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIGS. 3A and 3B show a front sectional view and a side view when the windproof reinforcing member 8 is not provided, and FIGS. 3C and 3D are diagrams when the windproof reinforcing member 8 is provided. A front sectional view and a side view are shown respectively.
[0021]
In FIG. A, arrows indicated by V1 and V2 schematically show the flow of wind blown from the front to the main body 1. Here, when the wind blows from the front of the main body 1, the air flow is divided into an air flow V <b> 1 on the upper surface film 2 side and an air flow V <b> 2 on the lower surface film 3 side of the main body 1. At this time, lift is applied to the main body 1 by the action of the air flow V1. The lift acting on the main body 1 acts to lift the end of the main body 1. In this case, since the flow of V1 is reduced, the lift acting on the main body 1 is reduced, and the main body 1 is also elastic. Try to return to the original shape. Then, V2 increases and the force which pulls back the main body 1 works.
[0022]
At this time, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, if there is no windproof reinforcing member 8, the vibration of the end portion of the main body 1 grows by self-excitation, and finally the vibration grows. The main body 1 will buckle through the broken line shape.
[0023]
However, as shown in FIGS. 3C and 3D, when the windproof reinforcing member 8 is used, the flow V2 is inhibited by the windproof reinforcing member 8, so that the lift by V1 is stably applied to the main body 1. As a result, the vibration described above does not occur. Thus, by using a windproof reinforcing member 8, that acts lift stably body 1 as described above, and the body 1 as shown in FIG d is because such a truss structure to maintain the solid shape, that it can keep its shape stably. Further, the shape can be similarly maintained even when an external load such as snow is applied to the main body 1.
[0024]
Moreover, since the weight is reduced by using a membrane material as the windproof reinforcing member 8, operations such as attachment thereof are facilitated. Here, as a material used for the membrane material, for example, a woven or knitted fabric composed of at least one fiber selected from the group of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, polyolefin fiber, and polyarylate fiber, One or both sides of a woven or knitted fabric that has been coated with polyurethane, acrylic rubber, fluoro rubber, vinyl chloride resin or the like can be used.
[0025]
In addition, when reducing the wind load which the wind-proof reinforcement member 8 receives and improving a daylighting property, it is desirable to use a mesh body. In this case, the mesh openings can be appropriately selected and used depending on the wind speed, the size of the windproof reinforcing member 8, and the like. Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, when the wind blows on the side surface of the main body 1, the reinforcing member 20 is integrally fixed to the lower end portion of the wind-proof reinforcing member 8 so that the main body 1 is not crushed. Is preferred. Examples of the reinforcing member 20 include a metal pipe, a resin pipe, a wooden pipe, a pole, and the like.
[0026]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 3B and 3D, the deformed shape of the main body 1 when the wind blows on the side surface of the main body 1 has a shape in which the width of the opening is narrowed as shown by a broken line. After that, buckling. However, since the reinforcing member 20 becomes resistant to the deformation as described above and has a truss structure, the shape of the solid line can be maintained. Here, in order to further increase the effect of the truss structure, a plate-like body can be used for the windproof reinforcing member 8. In addition, as a plate-shaped object, metal, resin, a wooden flat plate, and a punching plate can be used, for example.
[0027]
As for the fixed windbreak reinforcing member 8 of the main body 1, and the detachable Main body 1 and the windbreak part, if necessary, it is necessary to aspects such as easily increase the numerical aperture. By doing in this way, when the air membrane structure 1 at the time of a breeze etc. can maintain the shape stably, it can remove and can improve a daylighting property. In addition, when the windproof reinforcing member 8 is damaged, it is only necessary to replace the windproof reinforcing member 8, which is economical. In order to embody such detachability, for example, a locking member (not shown) such as a hook or a fastener is provided in the windproof reinforcing member 8 and / or the main body 1 in advance so that a simple connection is possible. And a structure in which eyelet holes are provided in the windproof reinforcing member 8 and the main body 1 and are mutually detachable with a string, rope, band or the like.
[0028]
As the locking member that is detachably connected to the main body 1 as described above, an elastic member such as natural rubber or synthetic rubber can be used. At this time, the elongation at break is preferably 50% to 200%. This is because if it is less than 50%, if the shape dimensions of the windproof reinforcing member 8 and the frontage shape dimensions of the main body after the formation of the three-dimensional shape do not coincide, This is because stress concentration occurs in the reinforcing member 8. On the other hand, if it exceeds 200%, the main body 1 is easily deformed with respect to external loads such as wind and snow, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of shape retention. In addition, the measuring method of breaking elongation was measured according to the JIS L1096 general textiles test method.
[0029]
As described above, the air membrane structure of the present invention is characterized by the fact that the use of the windproof reinforcing member 8 can adopt a structure that is hydrodynamically and materially stable.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention described above, it can be used stably without causing a collapse of the air film structure due to a snow load, not only in the case of wind and rain, but also because it is simple and lightweight, so it can be set up, dismantled and transported. It is possible to provide an air film structure that can be easily operated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view partially including a cross section illustrating an air membrane structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view illustrating a windproof reinforcing member attached to an air membrane structure of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) show two example embodiments.
FIGS. 3 (a) and (b) are a front sectional view and a side view illustrating a buckling state due to strong wind when a windproof reinforcing member is not provided on the air membrane structure, and FIG. FIG. 4 (d) is a front sectional view and a side view illustrating a buckling situation when a windproof reinforcing member is provided.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air membrane structure main body 2 Outer membrane body 3 Inner membrane body 4 Rib-like foie membrane 6 Opening part 7 Air supply / exhaust port 8 Windproof reinforcement member 20 Reinforcement member

Claims (2)

Polyurethane, acrylic rubber, fluororubber, vinyl chloride based on a fabric composed of at least one fiber selected from the group of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, polyolefin fiber, and polyarylate fiber A rib-like structure connecting the lower surface film and the upper surface film with a double film structure composed of a lower surface film and an upper surface film formed of a film material having a basis weight of 30 to 200 g / m ² formed in combination with a resin such as a resin An air chamber is formed by the group of foie membranes, and the rib-like foie membrane is provided with a communication hole through which air can flow, and is opened at both end portions by pressurized gas injected into the air chamber. And an air membrane structure that can withstand strong winds of 10 m / sec or more with a top surface membrane having a roof-like three-dimensional shape, at least in the upper half of the opening. Windbreak reinforcing member formed of a plate-like body for closing the opening is provided detachably on the main body of the air membrane structure, characterized by satisfying the shape the following requirements (1) to (3) simultaneously Air film structure.
(1) h / H ≦ 0.95
(2) h ≧ 2 (m)
(3) H ≧ 2.5 (m)
Where H: effective height of air membrane structure (m)
h: Arrangement height of windproof reinforcing member (m) Air film structure according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing member to the lower end of the front Symbol windbreak reinforcing member.

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