JP3677905B2 - Construction machine work equipment attachment / detachment device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a work implement attaching / detaching device for a hydraulic excavator in which a work tool such as a bucket or a breaker is detachably attached to a tip end of a work implement of a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator via a work implement attaching / detaching member.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Excavators are widely used for gravel / soil collection, road construction, farmland development, land preparation, water and sewage construction, and building foundation construction. In addition to various buckets used for these operations, various work machine attachments such as hydraulic breakers and crushers have been developed and provided. In general, in the case of small-scale construction, the number of hydraulic excavators to be introduced is small, and it is necessary to carry out several kinds of work with one hydraulic excavator, and it is efficient by effectively using these various work machine attachments. Construction is possible.
[0003]
A conventional hydraulic excavator will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 9, the excavator 30 includes an upper swing body 31 (hereinafter referred to as a vehicle body 31). A work machine 40 is attached to the vehicle body 31. The work machine 40 includes a boom 41, an arm 42, and a bucket 43, and is driven by each hydraulic cylinder 44, 45, 46.
Next, how to use the excavator 30 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 9, a bucket 43 is attached to the tip of the arm 42 and excavation work such as earth and sand is often performed. If a rock or the like appears during excavation of the ground, as shown in FIG. The breaker 48 is attached to the arm 42 and the rock mass division work is performed.
Thus, since the bucket work and the breaker work are normally performed with one hydraulic excavator, there is a problem that the work is interrupted in order to replace the bucket with the breaker.
[0004]
Recently, quick couplers have been used to facilitate replacement of work tools such as buckets and breakers. In this quick coupler, as shown in FIG. 11, the arm 51 is connected to a bucket cylinder 52 and a link 53 via a link 54. The quick coupler 50 is connected to the tip of the arm 51 by a pin 50a, is rotatably connected by a link 53 and a pin 50b, is connected to one end of a bracket 55a of the bucket 55 by a pin 50c, and is connected to the other end of the bracket 55a. And a pin 50d.
However, the four-point supported quick coupler shown in FIG. 11 has a bucket 55 around the pin 50a of the arm 51 when the quick coupler 50 is used with respect to the turning radius R0 to the bucket blade edge when the quick coupler 50 is not used. Is turned, so that the turning radius is R.
For this reason, when the quick coupler is used, the bucket blade edge force FE decreases in proportion to R0 / R, and there is a problem that a blade edge force equivalent to that when the quick coupler is not used cannot be obtained.
[0005]
In order to solve such problems, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-5440 has been filed. The content of this application is a bracket welded to the upper part of the attachment main body in an end attachment attachment device in which an end attachment such as a bucket is detachably connected to the arm of the construction machine main body side and the tip of the operation link via a connection pin. Two half-cracked bosses are pivotally attached to the front and rear via pins so that the half-cracked bosses can be opened and closed with respect to the brackets respectively. The two half-cracked bosses are provided with a semicircular downward concave portion, and the connecting pin can be supported by the concave portion when the half-cracked boss is closed.
In addition, an insertion hole is provided in the bottom of the semicircular upward concave portion of the bracket, and an insertion hole is provided in the semicircular downward concave portion of the half-cracked boss so that the upper and lower ends of the fixing pin for securing the connecting pin can be inserted and fixed in the insertion hole. An apparatus for attaching an end attachment for a construction machine is described.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the quick coupler shown in FIG. 11 is used, the bucket blade edge force FE decreases in proportion to R0 / R, and there is a problem that a blade edge force equivalent to the case where the quick coupler is not used cannot be obtained. .
In addition, since the working angle of the bucket blade edge increases as the turning radius increases, when the work implement is operated as if driving without using the quick coupler, the bucket blade edge is placed on the lower surface of the boom, the back of the arm, or the cab. There is a problem of colliding.
Therefore, it is necessary to make the working angle of the bucket blade edge the same as when the quick coupler is not used.
[0007]
In the structure described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-5440, in which the connecting pin to be attached to the bracket welded to the upper part of the attachment main body is simply closed by fastening the bolts by closing the two front and rear half-break bosses, When a boulder hits a boss, an excessive force is applied and the bolt breaks.
In addition, in a structure in which a fitting pin is provided in the bracket and a half-cracked boss is provided with an insertion hole, and a retaining fixing pin is inserted into the insertion hole, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the connection pin to compensate for insufficient strength. Furthermore, there is a problem that the connecting pin breaks due to the notch effect of the fitting hole of the connecting pin.
Providing an insertion hole in the most important connecting pin that connects the bucket and the arm is a safety problem.
[0008]
The present invention pays attention to the above-mentioned conventional problems, so that the turning radius of the working tool such as a bucket or breaker does not change, and even if it collides with a rolling stone or the like, there is no deformation or breakage of the bolt. It is an object of the present invention to provide a work implement attaching / detaching apparatus that can securely fix a work implement such as the like and can improve durability and can be easily manufactured.
[0009]
[Means for solving the problems and effects]
In order to achieve the above object, a first invention of a work machine attaching / detaching device for a construction machine that allows replacement of a work tool such as a bucket or a breaker according to the present invention includes a boom and an arm 12 that are connected in a turnable manner sequentially from a vehicle body. A work tool 11 such as a bucket or a breaker connected to the tip of the arm 12, a work implement link 13 that is rotatably attached to the arm 12 and rotates the work tool 11 by a bucket cylinder, and an arm. 12, the work implement attachment / detachment device for a construction machine, in which the work implement attachment / detachment member is connected to the arm 12 and the work implement link 13. Semi-circular engaging portions 22a, 22a, which are fixed to the respective front end portions of the two, and engage with the connecting pins 14, 15 fixed to the work tool on the inner mating surface. The first engagement members 22A and 22B which are divided in half having the engagement recesses 21d and 21d, and the connection fixed to the work tool on the inner mating surface facing the first engagement members 22A and 22B It has semicircular engaging portions 21a and 21a that engage with the pins 14 and 15 and engaging convex portions 22d and 22d, and can be opened and closed with respect to the first engaging members 22A and 22B. The second engagement members 21 and 21 are provided with second engagement members 21 and 21 and are disposed to face the first engagement members 22A and 22B. On the end side, the engaging convex portions 22d and 22d are engaged with the engaging concave portions 21d and 21d of the first engaging members 22A and 22B, and the work tool 11 is configured to be detachable from the arm 12 and the work implement link 13. is there.
According to the above configuration, the engaging convex portions 22d and 22d of the second engaging members 21 and 21 are closed until they are in contact with the engaging concave portions 22d and 22d of the first engaging members 22A and 22B. Therefore, the second engagement members 21 and 21 are engaged with the first engagement members 22A and 22B fixed to the distal ends of the arm 12 and the work machine link 13 with the connection pins 14 and 15 interposed therebetween. Yes.
Thereby, since the 1st engagement member 21 is fixed reliably, even if a load is added to the front-back direction, a deformation | transformation etc. of a working machine attachment / detachment member are prevented .
Therefore, the durability of the first engaging member and the second engaging member is improved, and therefore, it is useful for a work machine attaching / detaching device for a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator.
[0010]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect of the present invention, the engagement protrusions 21e and 21e provided at the front ends of the first engagement members 22A and 22B and the front ends of the second engagement members 21 and 21 The engagement notches 22e and 22e are provided so that the engagement protrusions 21e and 21e and the engagement notches 22e and 22e are brought into contact with each other when the work tool 11 is mounted.
According to the above configuration, the engagement notches 22e and 22e of the second engagement members 21 and 21 are the engagement protrusions 21e of the first engagement members 22A and 22B that are fixed to the distal ends of the arm 12 and the work machine link 13. , 21e. For this reason, even if a rolling load or the like collides with the first engagement members 22A and 22B and the second engagement members 21 and 21 and a lateral load is applied, the engagement notches 22e and 22e and the engagement protrusions 21e and 21e It has a structure to handle.
Thus, the engagement notches 22e and 22e and the engagement protrusions 21e and 21e can be securely fixed, and the bolts for attaching the first engagement members 22A and 22B and the second engagement protrusions 21 and 21 can be used. Shear force does not work.
Therefore, the durability of the work implement attaching / detaching apparatus is improved, and the work tool can be easily replaced, which is useful as a work implement attaching / detaching apparatus for a construction machine.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a construction machine attaching / detaching apparatus for a construction machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a view showing a state in which a bucket is coupled to an arm and a work machine link using the attachment attaching / detaching device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state where the bucket is detached from the arm and the work machine link.
First, the work implement attaching / detaching apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described.
A first engagement member 22 </ b> A having a semicircular engagement portion on the inside is fixed to the distal end portion of the arm 12. The second engagement member 21 disposed to face the first engagement member 22A can be opened and closed by a hinge pin 23.
A bracket 11 a is fixed to the bucket 11. A connecting pin 14 is disposed at the lower end of the bracket 11a. The distal end portion of the arm 12 is fastened by a bolt 19 with the pin 14 interposed between the first engaging member 22A and the second engaging member 21, and is connected to the bracket 11a of the bucket 11. The arm 12 is connected to the work machine link 12a. The upper end of the work machine link 12a is connected to a rod portion of a bucket cylinder (not shown). The work machine link 12 a is connected to the work machine link 13. A first engagement member 22B having a semicircular engagement portion on the inside is fixed to the distal end portion of the work machine link 13. The second engagement member 21 disposed to face the first engagement member 22B can be opened and closed by a hinge pin 23.
A connecting pin 15 is disposed at the upper end of the bracket 11 a of the bucket 11. The distal end portion of the work machine link 13 is fastened by a bolt 19 with the pin 15 sandwiched between the first engagement member 22B and the second engagement member 21, and is connected to the bracket 11a of the bucket 11.
The work implement attaching / detaching member includes first engagement members 22A and 22B that are fixed to the distal ends of the arm 12 and the work implement link 13, and a second engagement member that is disposed to face the first engagement members 22A and 22B. 21, 21, hinge pins 23, 23 and fastening bolts 19, 19.
1 and 2 illustrate the bucket and the work implement attaching / detaching member as viewed from the left side. The bracket 11a of the bucket 11 shown in the figure is also fixed to the opposite side, and has two brackets 11a and 11a.
In this work implement attaching / detaching member, the first engaging members 22A and 22B and the first engaging members 21 and 21 opposed to the first engaging members 22A and 22B are configured in half. Since this work implement attaching / detaching member has the same configuration on the arm 12 side and the work implement link 13 side, only the work implement attaching / detaching member on the work implement link 13 side will be described below.
[0012]
Next, as shown in FIG. 3 of section AA in FIG. 1, connecting pins 15 are disposed on the left and right brackets 11 a and 11 a of the bucket 11. A retaining pin 16 is attached to the connecting pin 15 to prevent it from coming out of the brackets 11a and 11a. Bushings 17 and 17 are inserted on the outer periphery of the connecting pin 15. The bushes 17 are sandwiched between the inner cylinder portion 22a of the first engagement member 22B and the inner cylinder portion 21a of the second engagement member 21 which are fixed to the tip of the work machine link 13 shown in FIG. Annular seals 18 and 18 are fitted on the outer ends of the bushes 17 and 17. The seals 18 and 18 are in contact with the outer peripheral portion of the connecting pin 15 to prevent leakage of oil sealed in the inner cylindrical portion 17b of the bushes 17 and 17.
The bucket 11 shown in FIG. 1 is configured to be rotatable by transmitting the thrust of a bucket cylinder (not shown) via the work implement link 13.
[0013]
Next, details of the work implement attaching / detaching member will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 4 of FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the hinge pin 23 includes a boss portion 22 b of the first engagement member 22 </ b> B and a bifurcated portion 21 b of the second engagement member 21 that are fixed to the distal end portion of the work machine link 13 shown in FIG. 1. It is connected. The engaging pin 24 engages the boss 22b and the hinge pin 23. The second engagement member 21 can be opened and closed with the hinge pin 23 as a fulcrum.
[0014]
The Z view of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The engagement notch 22e of the second engagement member 21 and the engagement protrusion 21e of the first engagement member 22B fixed to the distal end of the work machine link 13 are fitted. As a result, even if a rolling load or the like collides with the first engagement member 22B and the second engagement member 21 and a lateral load is applied, the engagement engagement protrusion 21e of the first engagement member 22B and the second engagement member It has a structure that is handled by the engagement notch 22e of 22B .
[0015]
6 is described with reference to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 which is a perspective view of the first engaging member 22B and the second engaging member 21. FIG. The first engaging member 22 </ b> B and the second engaging member 21 that are fixed to the distal end portion of the work machine link 13 are fastened by bolts 19 with the connecting pin 15 interposed therebetween via the bush 17.
When the second engagement member 21 is rotated upward with the hinge pin 23 as a fulcrum, the second engagement member 21 is in a state indicated by a two-dot chain line. As a result, the second engagement member 21 and the first engagement member 22 </ b> B fixed to the distal end portion of the work machine link 13 can be detached from the connection pin 15.
The first engagement member 22B is formed with an arcuate cutout 22c in the vicinity of the inner cylinder 22a with which the outer periphery of the bush 17 abuts. An engaging recess 21d extending from the notch 22c is formed.
When the second engaging member 21 is pushed down from the state indicated by the two-dot chain line, the engaging convex portion 22d of the member 21 rotates along the cutout portion 22c until it comes into contact with the engaging concave portion 21d. For this reason, the second engagement member 21 is engaged with the first engagement member 22 </ b> B that is fixed to the distal end portion of the work machine link 13 with the connection pin 15 and the bush 17 interposed therebetween, and is fastened by the bolt 19. .
As a result, the second engagement members 21 and 21 disposed to face the first engagement member 22B are fastened by the bolts 19 on the front end side, and the engagement protrusions 22d are first engaged on the rear end side. Since the engaging recess 21d of the member 22B is engaged, an excessive bending force does not act on the bolt 19 and the hinge pin 23.
When the first engagement member 22B described above is replaced with the first engagement member 22A, the construction is the same as that of the work implement attaching / detaching device on the arm 12 side.
[0016]
Next, the operation of the work implement attaching / detaching member shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 will be described.
The work tool 11 such as a bucket or a breaker can be attached to and detached from the arm 12 and the work machine link 13 by using the following attachment / detachment device.
The engaging convex portions 22d and 22d of the second engaging members 21 and 21 are closed until they abut on the engaging concave portions 22d and 22d of the first engaging members 22A and 22B.
Therefore, the second engagement members 21 and 21 are engaged with the first engagement members 22A and 22B fixed to the distal ends of the arm 12 and the work machine link 13 with the connection pins 14 and 15 interposed therebetween. Yes.
Thereby, since the 1st engagement member 21 is fixed reliably, even if a load is added to the front-back direction, a deformation | transformation etc. of a working machine attachment / detachment member are prevented .
[0017]
The engagement notches 22e and 22e of the second engagement members 21 and 21 are fitted to the engagement protrusions 21e and 21e of the first engagement members 22A and 22B that are fixed to the distal ends of the arm 12 and the work machine link 13. It is like that. For this reason, even if a rolling load or the like collides with the first engagement members 22A and 22B and the second engagement members 21 and 21 and a lateral load is applied, the engagement notches 22e and 22e and the engagement protrusions 21e and 21e It has a structure to handle. Thus, the engagement notches 22e and 22e and the engagement protrusions 21e and 21e can be securely fixed, and the bolts for attaching the first engagement members 22A and 22B and the second engagement protrusions 21 and 21 can be used. Shear force does not work.
As described above, the connection pins for attaching to the bracket welded to the upper part of the attachment main body, which is a problem of the working machine attaching / detaching device described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-5440, are provided with two halved front and rear bosses. In a structure in which the bolt is closed and fastened with a bolt, an excessive force acts when a rolling stone collides with the half-cracked boss, causing the bolt to break.
Further, in a structure in which a fitting pin is attached to the bracket and a fitting hole is provided in the half-cracked boss, and a retaining fixing pin is inserted into the fitting hole, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the connecting pin to compensate for insufficient strength. Furthermore, for problems such as breakage of the connection pin due to the notch effect etc. of the insertion hole of the connection pin,
According to the construction machine attaching / detaching device of the construction machine of the present invention, all of these problems can be solved.
[0018]
Although the working machine attaching / detaching device of the present invention has been described by taking a hydraulic excavator as an example, the working machine attaching / detaching device for attaching / detaching a work tool to / from the tip of a construction machine such as a wheel loader or a crane vehicle, a boom of an industrial vehicle, or an arm. Needless to say, it can be applied.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a mounting state of a work machine attaching / detaching device for a construction machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a state where the work tool is detached from the work implement attaching / detaching device.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
4 is a Y view of FIG. 1; FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a Z view of FIG.
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the work implement attaching / detaching device.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of bucket work of a conventional hydraulic excavator.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a breaker operation of a conventional hydraulic excavator.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional quick coupler.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Working tool 11a Bracket 12 Arm 13 Working machine link 14, 15 Connecting pin 21a, 22a Semi-circular engaging portion 21 Second engaging member 21d Engaging recess 21e Engaging projection 22d Engaging projection 22e Engaging notch Portions 22A, 22B first engaging member 22c arc-shaped cutout portion 23 hinge pin

Claims (2)

Boom and arm (12), which are connected in turn from the vehicle body, and work tools (11) such as buckets and breakers connected to the tip of the arm (12), and the arm (12) And a work implement link (13) for rotating the work tool (11) by the bucket cylinder, and an arm (12), the work machine link (13), and a bracket (11a) fixed to the work tool (11). In the work machine attaching / detaching device for a construction machine connected by a work machine attaching / detaching member, the work machine attaching / detaching member is fixed to the respective distal end portions of the arm (12) and the work machine link (13), and an inner mating surface A semi-divided first portion having a semicircular engaging portion (22a, 22a) which engages with a connecting pin (14, 15) fixed to the work implement, and an engaging recess (21d, 21d). The engaging members (22A, 22B) and the first engaging members (22A, 22B) are opposed to the connecting pins (14, 15) fixed to the work tool on the inner mating surface. The second part has a semicircular engaging part (21a, 21a) and an engaging convex part (22d, 22d), and can be opened and closed with respect to the first engaging member (22A, 22B). and a engaging member (21, 21), said first engaging member (22A, 22B) and the second engagement member disposed to face the (21, 21), the tip side bolts (19 ) , And the engagement protrusions (22d, 22d) are engaged with the engagement recesses (21d, 21d) of the first engagement members (22A, 22B) on the rear end side , and the work tool (11) is armed. (12) A work machine attaching / detaching device for a construction machine, wherein the work machine link (13) is detachable . 2. The construction machine attaching / detaching device for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein an engagement protrusion (21e, 21e) provided at a tip of the first engagement member (22A, 22B) and the second engagement member (21). , 21) and an engagement notch (22e, 22e) provided at the tip of the engagement protrusion (21e, 21e) and the engagement notch (22e, 22e) when the work tool (11) is mounted. A construction machine attaching / detaching device for a construction machine, wherein

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