JP3668116B2 - 3D image display device without glasses - Google Patents

Description

【００５１】
適視範囲から後方に離れるに従って右眼画像が見える領域と左眼画像が見える領域が離れる傾向があるが、ほぼ眼間距離近辺であるので、かなりの範囲で立体視が可能である。眼間距離よりもずれてしまう場合には、観察者２のきき眼を優先して制御するのがよい。すなわち、観察者２のきき眼が右眼であるなら、図１６のどの範囲（▲１▼〜（１３））に右眼が存在するかによって、上述した制御を行えば、観察者２の右眼には確実に右眼画像が供給され、左眼にはほぼ左眼画像が供給されることになる。
【００５２】
［液晶表示パネルを２分割構成とする場合］
（観察者２の頭の位置が適視範囲から前方に外れた場合）
図１７は、遮光バリア付き液晶ディスプレイ１ａのＨ１領域においては、バリア移動を行い、Ｈ２領域においてバリア移動は行わず、両領域ともにＬＲ画像切り換えは行っていない状態を示している。この状態では、例えば、Ｈ１領域からＲ１′を通過した右眼画像が見える範囲は図中左の太枠四角形内であり、Ｈ２領域からＲ１を通過した右眼画像が見える範囲は図中左の太点線四角形内である。従って、Ｈ１領域およびＨ２領域から同時に右眼画像が見える範囲は図中の斜線範囲となる。また、Ｈ１領域からＬ１′を通過した左眼画像が見える範囲は図中右の太枠四角形内であり、Ｈ２領域からＬ１を通過した左眼画像が見える範囲は図中右の太点線四角形内である。従って、Ｈ１領域およびＨ２領域から同時に左眼画像が見える範囲は図中の格子模様範囲となる。
【００５３】
図１８は、Ｈ１領域およびＨ２領域から同時に右眼画像が見える範囲を多角形（白抜き）で示している。図において▲５▼を付記した範囲は、上記図１７の場合と同様、Ｈ１領域はバリア移動有り、Ｈ２領域はバリア移動無し、両領域ともＬＲ画像切り換え無しの場合である。
【００５４】
▲６▼の範囲は、Ｈ１領域はバリア移動無し、Ｈ２領域はバリア移動有り、Ｈ１領域のみＬＲ画像切り換え有りの場合である。この▲６▼の範囲では、Ｈ１領域からＬ１を通過した右眼画像が見える範囲と、Ｈ２領域からＲ１′を通過した右眼画像が見える範囲とが重なる。
【００５５】
▲７▼の範囲は、Ｈ１領域はバリア移動有り、Ｈ２領域はバリア移動無し、両領域ともＬＲ画像切り換え有りの場合である。この▲７▼の範囲では、Ｈ１領域からＬ１′を通過した右眼画像が見える範囲と、Ｈ２領域からＬ１を通過した右眼画像が見える範囲とが重なる。
【００５６】
▲８▼の範囲は、Ｈ１領域はバリア移動無し、Ｈ２領域はバリア移動有り、Ｈ２領域のみＬＲ画像切り換え有りの場合である。この▲８▼の範囲では、Ｈ１領域からＲ２を通過した右眼画像が見える範囲と、Ｈ２領域からＬ１′を通過した右眼画像が見える範囲とが重なる。
【００５７】
液晶表示パネルを２領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）に分割し、観察者２の頭の位置が適視範囲から前方に外れた場合の各領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）のＬＲ画像切り換え有無及び各領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）のバリア移動有無の組み合わせは、上記した４種類（▲５▼〜▲８▼）となる。▲１▼から（１３）の範囲における各領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）のＬＲ画像切り換え有無及び各領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）のバリア移動有無の組み合わせを、下記の表２に示す。なお、表２の制御により、観察者２の右眼には確実に右眼画像が供給され、左眼にはほぼ左眼画像が入る。
【００５８】
【表２】

【００５９】
適視範囲から前方に離れるに従って右眼画像が見える領域と左眼画像が見える領域が近づく傾向があるが、ほぼ眼間距離近辺であるので、かなりの範囲で立体視が可能である。眼間距離よりもずれてしまう場合には、観察者２のきき眼を優先して制御するのがよい。すなわち、観察者２のきき眼が右眼であるなら、図１８のどの範囲（▲１▼〜（１３））に右眼が存在するかによって、上述した制御を行えば、観察者２の右眼には確実に右眼画像が供給され、左眼にはほぼ左眼画像が供給されることになる。
【００６０】
図１９は、図１６におけるＨ１領域およびＨ２領域から同時に右眼画像が見える範囲と、図１８におけるＨ１領域およびＨ２領域から同時に右眼画像が見える範囲とを合わせた範囲を灰色で示している。また、この図において、太線領域内は通常（領域分割無し）の画像供給可能範囲を示している。この太線領域内の画像供給可能範囲内に観察者２が存在する場合には、通常の制御（領域分割無しの制御）を行い、ここからはみ出たときに、上述した領域分割有りの制御を行うことになる。なお、図２０に示すＰ１領域に観察者２が存在する場合には、通常の制御（領域分割無しの制御）を行い、ここからはみ出たときに、上述した領域分割有りの制御を行うようにしてもよい。
【００６１】
［液晶表示パネルを３分割構成とする場合］
（観察者２の頭の位置が適視範囲から後方に外れた場合）
図２１は、遮光手段付きディスプレイ１ａのＨ２領域においては、バリア移動は行わず、Ｈ１領域およびＨ３領域においてバリア移動を行い、Ｈ１領域のみＬＲ画像切り換えを行っている状態を示している。この状態では、例えば、Ｈ１領域からＬ１′を通過した右眼画像が見える範囲は図中左の太枠四角形内であり、Ｈ２領域からＲ２を通過した右眼画像が見える範囲は図中左の太点線四角形内であり、Ｈ３領域からＲ２′を通過した右眼画像が見える範囲は図中左の太一点鎖線四角形内である。従って、Ｈ１領域とＨ２領域とＨ３領域から同時に右眼画像が見える範囲は図中の斜線範囲となる。また、Ｈ１領域からＲ２′を通過した左眼画像が見える範囲は図中右の太枠四角形内であり、Ｈ２領域からＬ２を通過した左眼画像が見える範囲は図中右の太点線四角形内であり、Ｈ３領域からＬ２′を通過した左眼画像が見える範囲は図中右の太一点鎖線四角形内である。従って、Ｈ１領域とＨ２領域とＨ３領域から同時に左眼画像が見える範囲は図中の格子模様範囲となる。
【００６２】
図２２は、Ｈ１領域とＨ２領域とＨ３領域から同時に右眼画像が見える範囲を太線多角形（白抜き）で示している。図において▲８▼を付記した範囲は、上記図２１の場合と同様、Ｈ１領域とＨ３領域はバリア移動有り、Ｈ２領域はバリア移動無し、Ｈ１領域のみＬＲ画像切り換え有りの場合に対応している。
【００６３】
液晶表示パネルを３領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２，Ｈ３）に分割し、観察者２の頭の位置が適視範囲から後方に外れた場合の各領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２，Ｈ３）のＬＲ画像切り換え有無及び各領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２，Ｈ３）のバリア移動有無の組み合わせは、４種類（例えば、▲８▼，▲９▼，（１０），（１１））である。▲１▼から（１３）の範囲における各領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２，Ｈ３）のＬＲ画像切り換え有無及び各領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２，Ｈ３）のバリア移動有無の組み合わせを、下記の表３に示す。なお、表３の制御により、観察者２の右眼には確実に右眼画像が供給され、左眼にはほぼ左眼画像が入る。
【００６４】
【表３】

【００６５】
適視範囲から後方に離れるに従って右眼画像が見える領域と左眼画像が見える領域が離れる傾向があるが、ほぼ眼間距離近辺であるので、かなりの範囲で立体視が可能である。眼間距離よりもずれてしまう場合には、観察者２のきき眼を優先して制御するのがよい。すなわち、観察者２のきき眼が右眼であるなら、図２０のどの範囲（▲１▼〜（１３））に右眼が存在するかによって、上述した制御を行えば、観察者２の右眼には確実に右眼画像が供給され、左眼にはほぼ左眼画像が供給されることになる。
【００６６】
［液晶表示パネルを３分割構成とする場合］
（観察者２の頭の位置が適視範囲から前方に外れた場合）
図２３は、遮光手段付きディスプレイ１ａのＨ２領域においては、バリア移動は行わず、Ｈ１領域およびＨ３領域においてバリア移動を行い、Ｈ３領域のみＬＲ画像切り換えを行っている状態を示している。この状態では、Ｈ１領域からＲ２′を通過した右眼画像が見える範囲は図中左の太枠四角形内であり、Ｈ２領域からＲ２を通過した右眼画像が見える範囲は図中左の太点線四角形内であり、Ｈ３領域からＬ１′を通過した右眼画像が見える範囲は図中左の太一点鎖線四角形内である。従って、Ｈ１領域とＨ２領域とＨ３領域から同時に右眼画像が見える範囲は図中の斜線範囲となる。また、Ｈ１領域からＬ２′を通過した左眼画像が見える範囲は図中右の太枠四角形内であり、Ｈ２領域からＬ２を通過した左眼画像が見える範囲は図中右の太点線四角形内であり、Ｈ３領域からＲ２′を通過した左眼画像が見える範囲は図中右の太一点鎖線四角形内である。従って、Ｈ１領域とＨ２領域とＨ３領域から同時に左眼画像が見える範囲は図中の格子模様範囲となる。
【００６７】
図２４は、Ｈ１領域とＨ２領域とＨ３領域から同時に右眼画像が見える範囲を太線多角形（白抜き）で示している。図において▲８▼を付記した範囲は、上記図２１の場合と同様、Ｈ１領域とＨ３領域はバリア移動有り、Ｈ２領域はバリア移動無し、Ｈ３領域のみＬＲ画像切り換え有りの場合に対応している。
【００６８】
液晶表示パネルを３領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２，Ｈ３）に分割し、観察者２の頭の位置が適視範囲から前方に外れた場合の各領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２，Ｈ３）のＬＲ画像切り換え有無及び各領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２，Ｈ３）のバリア移動有無の組み合わせは、４種類（例えば、▲８▼，▲９▼，（１０），（１１））である。▲１▼から（１３）の範囲における各領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２，Ｈ３）のＬＲ画像切り換え有無及び各領域（Ｈ１，Ｈ２，Ｈ３）のバリア移動有無の組み合わせを、下記の表４に示す。なお、表４の制御により、観察者２の右眼には確実に右眼画像が供給され、左眼にはほぼ左眼画像が入る。
【００６９】
【表４】

【００７０】
適視範囲から前方に離れるに従って右眼画像が見える領域と左眼画像が見える領域が近づく傾向があるが、ほぼ眼間距離近辺であるので、かなりの範囲で立体視が可能である。眼間距離よりもずれてしまう場合には、観察者２のきき眼を優先して制御するのがよい。すなわち、観察者２のきき眼が右眼であるなら、図２４のどの範囲（▲１▼〜（１３））に右眼が存在するかによって、上述した制御を行えば、観察者２の右眼には確実に右眼画像が供給され、左眼にはほぼ左眼画像が供給されることになる。
【００７１】
図２２の範囲と図２４の範囲を図１９に追加すると、図２５のようになる。図中、番号を付けている黒塗り範囲が３分割制御によって増加した右眼画像供給可能範囲である。従って、上記番号を付けた範囲に観察者２の頭が移動したときに、３領域のＬＲ画像切り換えとバリア移動を表３，表４のように制御し、上記番号を付けた範囲より内側に観察者２の頭が移動したときには、２分割制御に切り換え、２領域のＬＲ画像切り換えとバリア移動を表１，表２のように制御すればよい。
【００７２】
［液晶表示パネルを４分割構成とする場合］
図２６は４つの領域に分割し、適視範囲よりも後方に画像供給可能範囲を広げた場合を示している。前述した２分割制御及び３分割制御と同様の原理で制御を行うことにより、図中の斜線部分が右眼画像供給可能範囲となり、図中の格子模様部分が左眼画像供給可能範囲となり、各範囲にそれぞれ右眼と左眼が存在するときに立体視が可能となる。図２７は、４領域に分割し、適視範囲よりも後方および前方に画像供給可能範囲を広げるとともに、図２５の右眼画像供給可能範囲を追加した図である。このように、分割数を多くするにつれて更に後側又は前側の横に並んだ四角形領域において立体視可能範囲を広げることができる。なお、適視範囲から離れるに従って四角形領域のピッチが後方で拡大、前方で縮小する傾向があるが、ほぼ眼間距離近辺であるので、かなりの範囲で立体視が可能である。眼間距離よりもずれてしまう場合には、観察者２のきき眼を優先して制御するのがよい。
【００７３】
上記した立体映像表示装置は、画面を複数の領域に分割することで、前後方向にも立体範囲の広い立体映集像表示装置が実現される。ところで、遮光バリアの遮光部を移動可能に制御すると、領域の境界部分においても遮光部の幅が一定となる。境界の部分において、遮光部の幅が一定となる場合、観察者の位置によっては輝線や黒い線が観察されることがある。かかる状態を以下に説明する。
【００７４】
図２８は、観察者２が最適な距離から遮光バリア１０の開口部１５１、１２５を通して液晶パネル上２０の画素２０Ｌ１、２０Ｌ２、２０Ｒ２を観察している状態を示す模式図である。この場合、観察者２の右眼２Ｒは開口部１５１を通して画素２０Ｌ１の中央部を見ているときは、開口部１５２を通して画素２０Ｌ２を見ている。そのため観察者２が左右に移動しても、２つの画素は同じように遮光部１５０に隠れて見えなくなっていく。そのため、仮に、この位置に分割された領域の境界があっても、遮光部１５０の移動や左右画像の切替のタイミングに差異が生じず、全面の遮光部１５０が同時に移動する場合と区別が出来ない。
【００７５】
ところが、図２９のように、例えば、観察者が最適な距離より近い距離から観察している場合、開口部１５１を通して画素２０Ｌ１の中央部を見ているときは、開口部１５２を通して画素２０Ｌ２の端を見ている。この状態で観察者が左右に移動すると、２つの画素が遮光部１５０に隠れるタイミングが異なるため、見え方が変わる。そこで、もしこの位置に分割された領域の境界があれば、遮光部１５０の移動や左右画像の切り替えのタイミングに差異が生じ、全面の遮光部が同時に移動する場合と比較して、より最適な状態を選択することが要求される。
【００７６】
以上説明したように、境界の右側と左側は、観察者の移動に対して、遮光部１５０の移動や左右映像の切り替えタイミングが異なる。この様子を表しているのが、図３０、図３１である。これらの図３０及び図３１では開口部１５１を境界として左右の遮光部が別々に制御される。つまり遮光部１５０Ｂと１５０Ｃは同時に動き、遮光部１５０５Ａはそれとは別に動く。画素からのびる２本の線は左眼用画素からの光線の大体の向きを表しており、光線の先に左眼があるという意味ではない。
【００７７】
図３０は観察者が最適観察距離より近い位置で、向かって左側に移動したときの例で、境界１５１の右側の遮光部が先に動く。観察者が順に左に移動する場合に、図３０（ａ）、（ｂ）・・・、（ｈ）に従って説明する。即ち、図３０（ａ）の状態から順に左の状態に移動し図３０（ｈ）の状態になり、更に左に移動すると図３０（ａ）の状態に戻る。
【００７８】
図３０（ａ）では、開口部１５１を通して画素が正常に観察されている。次に、観察者が左に移動すると、図３０（ｂ）のように、遮光部１５０Ｂ及び１５０Ｃが左に移動する。このときの開口部１５１は狭く、画素が見えにくくなるため観察位置からは黒い線が視認される。更に観察者が左に移動すると、図３０（ｃ）では、遮光部１５０Ａが移動し正常に戻る。
【００７９】
続いて、図３０（ｄ）のように遮光部１５０Ｂと１５０Ｃが元の位置に戻ると同時に、画素２０Ｌ２と２０Ｒ２が入れ替えられる。この位置では、開口部１５１が広くなり観察位置からは輝線が観察される。図３０（ｅ）では、画素２０Ｌ１と２０Ｒ１が入れ替えられ、遮光部１５０Ａも元に戻るため正常となる。
【００８０】
そして、図３０（ｆ）、では再び遮光部１５０Ｂ、１５０５Ｃが移動し開口部１５１が狭くなるため黒い線が観察される。図３０（ｇ）で遮光部１５０Ａが移動すると正常になる。図３０（ｈ）では、遮光部１５０Ｂと１５０Ｃが元の位置に戻ると同時に、画素２０Ｌ２と２０Ｒ２が入れ替えられて元に戻る。この位置では、開口部１５１が広くなり観察位置からは輝線が観察される。その次は図３０（ａ）と同じ状態となる。
【００８１】
図３１は観察者が最適観察距離より遠い位置で向かって左側に移動したときの例で、境界１５１の左側の遮光部が先に動く。観察者が順に左に移動する場合に、図３１（ａ）、（ｂ）・・・、（ｈ）に従って説明する。即ち、図３１（ａ）の状態から順に左の状態に移動し図３１（ｈ）の状態になり、更に左に移動すると図３１（ａ）の状態に戻る。この場合も図３０の場合と同様に開口部１５１の幅が変化し、輝線や黒い線が観察される。
【００８２】
図３２は図１３に示した遮光バリア１０における分割された領域間の境界部分付近の構成における透明電極部分だけを表す斜視図である。図３３は、これらの透明電極のグループ分けを表す構成図である。透明電極４５ａ１、４５ａ２、４５ｂ１、４５ｂ２は異なるグループに属し、それぞれのグループは領域の上部あるいは下部で横方向の電極でひとまとめになっている。これらの電極はグループ毎に別々に制御される。
【００８３】
このパネルの透明電極４５ａ１、４５ａ２、４５ｂ１、４５ｂ２には０Ｖ又は方形波の交流電圧を印加できるようになっており、透明電極４４には常に０Ｖの電圧を印加する。すると交流電圧が印加された透明電極の上部にある液晶の状態が整列し、偏光軸を回転させなくなる。そのためにこの部分に入射した光は偏光板４２１を通過することが出来なくなり、常時遮光部４６と共に遮光部として働く。
【００８４】
そして、通常は、透明電極４５ａ１と透明電極４５ｂ１がペアになって動作し、４５ａ１に交流電圧を印可する場合は透明電極４５ｂ１には０Ｖを印加し、４５ｂ１に交流電圧を印可する場合は透明電極４５ａ１には０Ｖを印加する。また、透明電極４５ａ２と透明電極４５ｂ２がペアになって動作し、４５ａ２に交流電圧を印可する場合は透明電極４５ｂ２には０Ｖを印加し、４５ｂ２に交流電圧を印可する場合は透明電極４５ａ２には０Ｖを印加する。このように電圧を印加する透明電極を変化させることで、遮光部の位置を変化させることが可能となる。
【００８５】
上記した図３０及び図３１の場合は、上記した図３２及び図３３に示すように、透明電極がグループ分けされており、透明電極４５ａ１、４５ａ２、４５ｂ１、４５ｂ２は異なるグループに属し、それぞれのグループは領域の上部あるいは下部で横方向の電極でひとまとめになっている。そして、これらの電極はグループ毎に別々に制御される。
【００８６】
このような電極のグループ分けを行うと、上記したように、開口部１５１の幅が変化し、輝線や黒い線が観察される場合がある。そこで、以下に示す実施形態においては、少なくとも２個以上の領域に分割されており、それぞれが独立して制御される遮光バリア１０（パララックスバリア）の各領域の境界付近の開口幅を変化しないように制御するものである。このように、制御することで、輝線や黒線が発生することが防止できる。
【００８７】
各領域の境界付近の開口幅の大きさが変化しないように制御するには、図３４に示すように、透明電極を形成する際、遮光部１５０の移動前と移動後を表すために用いた透明電極を、隣り合った別々のグループに属するように形成すればよい。
【００８８】
以下、この実施形態を図３５及び図３６を参照して説明する。この図３５及び図３６においては、遮光部１５０Ｂを境界として、左右を別々に制御している。このため、開口部１５１及び１５２の大きさは変化しない。このように制御するには、透明電極を形成する際、遮光部１５０Ｂの移動前と移動後を表すために用いた透明電極を、隣り合った別々のグループに属するように形成すればよい。
【００８９】
図３５は観察者が最適観察距離より近い位置で、向かって左側に移動したときの例で、境界１５０Ｂの右側の開口部１５２が先に動く。観察者が順に左に移動する場合に、図３５（ａ）、（ｂ）・・・、（ｈ）に従って説明する。即ち、図３５（ａ）の状態から順に左の状態に移動し図３５（ｈ）の状態になり、更に左に移動すると図３５（ａ）の状態に戻る。
【００９０】
図３５（ａ）では、開口部１５１，１５２を通して画素が正常に観察されている。次に、観察者が左に移動すると、図３５（ｂ）のように開口部１５２が左に移動する。このときの遮光部１５０５Ｂの幅が若干狭くなるものの開口部１５２の幅は変化せず、画素をほぼ正常に見ることができる。
【００９１】
次に、図３５（ｃ）では、開口部１５１が移動する。ここでも状態は正常である。更に、図３５（ｄ）では、開口部１５２の幅は変化せず、ほぼ正常である。そして、画素２０Ｒ２と２０Ｌ２が入れ替えられ
【００９２】
続いて、図３５（ｅ）では、更に、画素２０Ｒ１と２０Ｌ１が入れ替えられ、遮光部１５０Ａも元に戻り、やはり正常である。
【００９３】
そして、図３５（ｆ）では、再び開口部１５２が移動するが、開口部の幅は変化せず、ほぼ正常である。図３５（ｇ）では、遮光部１５０Ａが移動するが、開口部の幅は変化せず、引き続き正常である。図３５（ｈ）では、開口部１５２が元の位置に戻ると同時に、画素２０Ｌ２と２０Ｒ２が入れ替えられて元に戻る。この位置でも開口部１５２の幅は変化せずほぼ正常である。その次は図３５（ａ）と同じ状態となる。
【００９４】
図３６は観察者が最適観察距離より遠い位置で、向かって左側に移動したときの例で、境界１５０Ｂの左側の開口部１５１が先に動く。この場合も同様に開口部の幅は変化せず、輝線や黒い線は観察されない。即ち、観察者が順に左に移動する場合に、図３６（ａ）、（ｂ）・・・、（ｈ）に従って説明する。即ち、図３６（ａ）の状態から順に左の状態に移動し図３６（ｈ）の状態になり、更に左に移動すると図３６（ａ）の状態に戻る。
【００９５】
図３６（ａ）では、開口部１５１，１５２を通して画素が正常に観察されている。次に、観察者が左に移動すると、図３６（ｂ）のように開口部１５１が左に移動する。このときの遮光部１５０Ｂの幅が広くなるものの開口部１５１の幅は変化せず、画素をほぼ正常に見ることができる。
【００９６】
次に、図３６（ｃ）では、開口部１５２が移動する。ここでも状態は正常である。更に、図３６（ｄ）では、開口部１５１が移動する。このとき開口部１５２の幅は変化せず、ほぼ正常である。そして、画素２０Ｒ１と２０Ｌ１が入れ替えられる。
【００９７】
続いて、図３６（ｅ）では、更に、開口部１５２が移動し、遮光部１５０Ａも元に戻り、画素２０Ｒ２と２０Ｌ２が入れ替えられ、やはり正常である。
【００９８】
そして、図３６（ｆ）では、再び開口部１５２が移動するが、開口部の幅は変化せず、ほぼ正常である。図３６（ｇ）では、開口部１５２が移動するが、開口部の幅は変化せず、引き続き正常である。図３６（ｈ）では、開口部１５１が元の位置に戻ると同時に、画素２０Ｌ１と２０Ｒ１が入れ替えられて元に戻る。この位置でも開口部１５１の幅は変化せずほぼ正常である。その次は図３６（ａ）と同じ状態となる。
【００９９】
このように境界部分の開口部の幅を変化させないためには、上記した図３４に示すように、透明電極１５ｃ１と１５ｃ２とが同じグループに属するようにグループ分けすればよい。この場合透明電極１５ｃ１は１５ａ１とはペアにならずに、１５ａ２とペアになって開口部を形成している。そして、透明電極１５ｃ２に交流電圧を印可する場合は透明電極１５ｃ１には０Ｖを印加し、透明電極１５ｃ１に交流電圧を印可する場合は透明電極１５ｃ２には０Ｖを印加する。このように電圧を印加する透明電極を変化させることで、境界部分の開口部が変化しないように制御することが可能となる。
【０１００】
なお、上記の説明では立体視（３次元映像の供給）のみを行うことについて説明したが、上記分割した領域のうちいずれかの領域だけバリアＯＦＦ（全体透過、この場合、遮光部を全て液晶シャッタで構成する）とし、この領域に対応する液晶表示パネルの領域に通常の２次元映像を表示することにより、部分的な２次元映像表示が可能になる。勿論、全領域において２次元映像表示を行うことも可能である。
【０１０１】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、この発明は、前記遮光手段を横方向に領域分割し、観察者の頭位置に応じて各領域ごとに遮光部の位置の移動制御を行うので、観察者が適視位置から前後方向に離れた場合でも、その位置において観察者に立体視を行わせることができる。また、前記遮光手段の領域分割に対応させて前記画像表示手段の表示部も領域分割し、観察者の頭位置に応じて各領域ごとにストライプ状の左眼画像および右眼画像の表示順序を制御する場合には、観察者に立体視を行わせる範囲の抜けを無くすことができる。領域分割数を増やせば、観察者が適視位置からかなり前後方向に離れた場合でも、その位置において観察者に立体視を行わせることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】液晶表示パネルからの最適観察位置および観察者の眼間距離を示す説明図である。
【図２】最適観察位置に観察者が位置している状態の説明図である。
【図３】液晶表示パネルの画面全面からＲ２領域を通過する光の進路および画面全面からの右眼画像の到達が可能となる四角形領域を示す説明図である。
【図４】液晶表示パネルの画面全面より完全に右眼画像または左眼画像が見える範囲を示す説明図である。
【図５】最適観察位置から観察者がすこし離れているものの、立体画像を認識している状態を示す説明図である。
【図６】遮光部を１／４ピッチ移動した場合の右眼画像または左眼画像が見える範囲を示す説明図である。
【図７】最適観察位置から観察者が離れたために、立体画像を認識することができない状態を示す説明図である。
【図８】図７の状態において観察者の右眼に観察される画像の説明図である。
【図９】この発明の実施形態の眼鏡無し立体映像表示装置および観察者を示した斜視図である。
【図１０】遮光手段付きディスプレイを３領域に分割して観察者の位置に応じて最適制御を行った場合の、画面全体から完全な右眼画像の見える範囲を示した説明図である。
【図１１】遮光手段付きディスプレイを３領域に分割して観察者の位置に応じて最適制御を行った場合の、画面全体から完全な左眼画像の見える範囲を示した説明図である。
【図１２】この発明の立体映像表示装置の構成を示す模式的断面図である。
【図１３】この発明にも散られる遮光バリアの一例を示す断面図である。
【図１４】この実施形態の眼鏡無し立体映像表示装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図１５】遮光手段付きディスプレイを二つの領域に分割して観察者が適視位置から後方に移動したときに最適制御を行った場合の、画面全体から完全な右眼画像および左眼画像の見える範囲を示した説明図である。
【図１６】図１５において、二つの領域から同時に右眼画像が見える範囲を太線多角形内（白抜き）で示した説明図である。
【図１７】遮光手段付きディスプレイを二つ領域に分割して観察者が適視位置から前方に移動したときに最適制御を行った場合の、画面全体から完全な右眼画像および左眼画像の見える範囲を示した説明図である。
【図１８】図１７において、二つの領域から同時に右眼画像が見える範囲を太線多角形内（白抜き）で示した説明図である。
【図１９】図１８における右眼画像が見える範囲と、図１８における右眼画像が見える範囲とを合わせた範囲を灰色で示した説明図である。
【図２０】図１７において、通常制御（非分割制御）が行われる範囲として例えばＰ１を示した説明図である。
【図２１】遮光手段付きディスプレイを三つの領域に分割して観察者が適視位置から後方に移動したときに最適制御を行った場合の、画面全体から完全な右眼画像および左眼画像の見える範囲を示した説明図である。
【図２２】図２１において、三つの領域から同時に右眼画像が見える範囲を太線多角形内（白抜き）で示した説明図である。
【図２３】遮光手段付きディスプレイを三つの領域に分割して観察者が適視位置から前方に移動したときに最適制御を行った場合の、画面全体から完全な右眼画像および左眼画像の見える範囲を示した説明図である。
【図２４】図２３において、三つの領域から同時に右眼画像が見える範囲を太線多角形内（白抜き）で示した説明図である。
【図２５】図２２の範囲と図２４の範囲を図１９に追加して示した説明図である。
【図２６】遮光手段付きディスプレイを四つの領域に分割して観察者が適視位置から後方に移動したときに最適制御を行った場合の、画面全体から完全な右眼画像および左眼画像の見える範囲を示した説明図である。
【図２７】四つの領域に分割し、適視範囲よりも後方および前方に画像供給可能範囲を広げるとともに、図２５の右眼画像供給可能範囲を追加した説明図である。
【図２８】観察者が最適な距離から遮光バリアの開口部を通して液晶パネル上の画素を観察している状態を示す模式図である。
【図２９】観察者が最適な距離から近い位置で遮光バリアの開口部を通して液晶パネル上の画素を観察している状態を示す模式図である。
【図３０】観察者が最適な距離から近い位置で図面に向かって左側に移動したときの遮光バリアと液晶パネル上の画素の関係を示す模式図である。
【図３１】観察者が最適な距離から遠い位置で図面に向かって左側に移動したときの遮光バリアと液晶パネル上の画素の関係を示す模式図である。
【図３２】図３２は図１３に示した遮光バリアにおける分割された領域間の境界部分付近の構成における透明電極部分だけを表す斜視図である。
【図３３】図３２に示す遮光バリアの透明電極のグループ分けを表す構成図である。
【図３４】この発明における遮光バリアの透明電極のグループ分けを表す構成図である。
【図３５】観察者が最適な距離から近い位置で図面に向かって左側に移動したときの遮光バリアと液晶パネル上の画素の関係を示す模式図である。
【図３６】観察者が最適な距離から遠い位置で図面に向かって左側に移動したときの遮光バリアと液晶パネル上の画素の関係を示す模式図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 眼鏡無し立体映像表示装置
１ａ 遮光手段付きディスプレイ
２ 観察者
１０ 遮光バリア
２０ 液晶ディスプレイ
１００ 表示信号生成回路
１０１ センサ
１０２ 位置検出制御回路
１１２ タイミング信号発生回路
１１５ 遮光バリア分割制御回路[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a 3D image display apparatus without glasses that can recognize a 3D image following the position of the head of an observer without using special glasses.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A parallax barrier method and a lenticular lens method are generally known as methods for realizing stereoscopic image display without requiring special glasses. When these are used in a liquid crystal display panel to form a 3D image display device without glasses, there is usually a binocular 3D image display device without glasses because the resolution of the liquid crystal panel is limited. In the case of this two-lens type, as shown in FIG. 1, a right eye image and a left eye image are displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 200 every other vertical line. The lenticular lens and parallax barrier (not shown) are designed so that the right eye image and the left eye image are alternately observed at a pitch of the interocular distance E while the observer 2 is at the optimum observation position D. The
[0003]
In FIG. 1, “..., R, R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4,...” Is the right eye image observable region, and “. is there. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, when the viewer's right eye is in the right-eye image observable region and the left eye is in the left-eye image observable region, the viewer can recognize the stereoscopic video. In the image observation area of each eye, the corresponding eye image is collected from the entire surface of the screen, so as shown in FIG. 3, for example, when attention is paid to the R2 area directly in front of the screen, it actually moves slightly back and forth. There is also an observable range at the selected position. That is, in the rectangular area G in the figure, the right eye image can be reached from the entire screen, so that the right eye image can be observed at the upper end or the lower end of the rectangular area G. Further, the light passing through the R2 region does not reach other than the shaded region in the figure.
[0004]
According to the principle described above, the right-eye image observable region and the left-eye image observable region are each rectangular regions (hatched) shown in FIG. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, when the right eye of the observer 2 is in the right-eye image observation quadrangular area and the left eye is in the left-eye image observation quadrangular area, stereoscopic viewing is possible, and conversely, in other cases It becomes impossible to view stereoscopically.
[0005]
As a method for enlarging the stereoscopic view possible range, for example, as disclosed in JP-A-9-152668 (IPC: G03B 35/00), the position of the observer 2 is detected, and the right eye of the observer is detected. In addition, when the observer 2 is located in a so-called reverse viewing region where the left eye image is observed by the left eye and the right eye image is observed, there is a method of replacing the right eye image and the left eye image displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 200. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-197344 (IPC: G02B 27/22) discloses a light-shielding barrier or a parallax barrier having a slit-like opening disposed between a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight. On the other hand, a configuration using a liquid crystal panel or the like so that it can move by 1/4 pitch (barrier movement) is disclosed. With this configuration, the square area shown in FIG. 4 can be moved by E / 4, and each image can be observed in the white square area as shown in FIG. That is, the right-eye image observable region that is “..., R, R1, R2, R3, R4,...” Becomes “..., R ′, R1 ′, R2 ′, R3 ′, R4 ′,. The left eye image observable area that was “..., L, L 1, L 2, L 3,.
[0006]
Accordingly, it is possible to supply a stereoscopic image somewhat in the front-rear direction even at the boundary between the right eye image and the left eye image before the barrier movement. By optimally controlling the barrier movement in the barrier and the light shielding plate and the switching between the right eye image and the left eye image displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 200, the right side of the hatched square area and the white square area in FIG. The eye image or the left eye image can be observed, and the stereoscopic view range is expanded.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional configuration described above, stereoscopic viewing cannot be performed when the observer moves largely backward, for example, as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the right eye of the observer 2 has a left-eye image that has passed L1 from the region 2 of the liquid crystal display panel 200, a right-eye image that has passed R2 from the B region, and L2 from the C region. The left eye image that has passed through is observed, and the observer 2 sees moire at the boundary between the A region, the B region, and the C region on the screen. This corresponds to the boundary of the L1 R2 L2 region. Thus, when the observer 2 deviates greatly in the front-rear direction from the stereoscopic observation possible position, the observer 2 observes both the right-eye image and the left-eye image, so that stereoscopic viewing becomes impossible.
[0008]
In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a 3D image display apparatus without glasses that allows an observer to perform a stereoscopic view at a position even when the observer is far away from the appropriate viewing position in the front-rear direction. With the goal.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problem, the stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention has an image display unit that alternately displays a striped left-eye image and a right-eye image, and a position of a light-shielding unit that produces a binocular parallax effect Is moved at a quarter pitch of the light shielding part pitch. A shading means configured to be movable, Check the movement of the observer's head in the left-right direction and whether the observer's head position deviates back and forth from the appropriate viewing range. A sensor for taking out the light, Step horizontally Divide the area, The movement and non-moving control of the light shielding portion of the light shielding means is performed for each divided area according to the state where the observer's head position deviates back and forth from the appropriate viewing range. An area division movement control means is provided.
[0011]
Here, for example, when the right-eye image passes between the normally arranged light-shielding parts from one of the two areas, and the right-eye image passes between the normally arranged light-shielding parts from the other area, for example, the right eye image is appropriately viewed. The right eye image is supplied to the right eye of the observer at the position. On the other hand, when the right eye image passes from one area between the light-shielding parts arranged with a ¼ pitch shift and the right eye image passes from the other area between the light-shielding parts arranged normally, the right eye image The supply range is shifted to the front or rear of the appropriate viewing position. Therefore, when the observer's head moves to the shifted position, the right eye image can be supplied to the shifted right eye of the observer by performing the movement control of the light shielding unit. Sometimes the left eye image is supplied to the left eye of the observer, so that the observer can recognize the stereoscopic video.
[0012]
The display unit of the image display means is also divided into areas corresponding to the area division of the light shielding means, and the display for controlling the display order of the striped left eye image and right eye image for each area according to the head position of the observer Control means may be provided.
[0013]
Here, for example, in one area, the right eye image is output from the position where the left eye image is originally output, the right eye image passes between the light shielding portions of the normal arrangement, and the right eye image is output from the other area. In the case of passing between the light-shielding portions arranged with a 1/4 pitch shift, the supply range of the right eye image is shifted to the front or rear of the appropriate viewing position. Therefore, when the observer's head moves to this shifted position, the right eye image is supplied to the right eye of the observer by performing the movement control of the light shielding unit and the display control of the image display unit as described above. In this case, since the left eye image is supplied to the left eye of the observer, the observer can recognize the stereoscopic video.
[0014]
The image display means may be a liquid crystal display panel, and the light shielding means may be a light shielding barrier disposed between the liquid crystal display panel and a light source that emits light in a planar shape disposed on the back side thereof. The light shielding means may be a parallax barrier disposed on the light emitting side of the image display means. The light shielding means may comprise a liquid crystal panel. The number of divisions should be increased as the observer's head moves away from the appropriate viewing position. It is desirable to perform region division equally. It is preferable to control each region so that an eye image is supplied to the observer's eye. The light shielding unit of the light shielding unit may be configured to disappear in an arbitrary region, and a two-dimensional image may be displayed in a display region corresponding to the region where the light shielding unit has disappeared.
[0015]
The light-shielding means is constituted by a liquid-crystal shutter part that always turns on and off the light-shielding part and the light-shielding parts provided on both sides thereof.
[0016]
And a divided area of the light shielding means. Open between areas It is good to control so that a mouthpiece becomes substantially constant.
[0018]
As mentioned above, the boundary Near By controlling so that the aperture ratio does not change, generation of bright lines and black lines can be prevented.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0020]
(Overview)
The eyeglassless stereoscopic image display device of this embodiment is structurally disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-197344, in which a light-shielding portion in a light-shielding means that produces a binocular parallax effect is provided with respect to the pitch. For example, it can be moved by 1/4 pitch. In such a structure, the light shielding means is divided into regions in the horizontal direction, the number of divisions and the presence / absence of ¼ pitch movement in each region are determined according to the position of the observer, and the display region corresponding to the region is The video display is controlled.
[0021]
FIG. 9 shows a state where the observer 2 is looking at the stereoscopic image display device 1 without glasses. Sensors 101 for detecting the head position of the observer 2 are attached to both upper ends of the stereoscopic image display device 1 without glasses. 10 and 11 show a case where the display 1a with the light shielding means is divided into three regions H1, H2, and H3 when the sensor 101 detects that the head of the observer 2 has moved as shown in FIG. ing. When there is no ¼ pitch movement in the light shielding means, the right eye image and the left eye image each pass through the region marked with R · L, which is indicated as “before shift” in the figure, and ¼ in the light shielding means. When there is a pitch movement, the right-eye image and the left-eye image pass through the region where R ′ and L ′ are added as “after shift” in the figure. When the arrangement of the right-eye video and the left-eye video is switched, the left-eye video passes through the R and R ′ areas through which the right-eye video passes, and the L and L ′ areas through which the left-eye video passes through. The right-eye image passes through.
[0022]
In the state of FIG. 10, the right eye image from the H1 region passes through L1 ′ and enters the right eye of the observer 2, the right eye image from H2 region passes through R2 and enters the right eye of the observer 2, and H3 From the region, the right eye image passes through R2 'and enters the right eye of the observer 2. That is, the observer 2 sees only the right eye image in the right eye. FIG. 11 shows a state in which the same control is performed with respect to the 1/4 pitch movement and the switching between the right eye image and the left eye image in the light shielding means of FIG. 10, and the left eye image passes through R2 ′ from the H1 region and is observed. Enters the left eye of the viewer 2, the left eye image from the H2 region passes through the L2 and enters the left eye of the viewer 2, and the left eye image from the H3 region passes through the L2 'and enters the left eye of the viewer 2 . That is, the observer 2 sees only the left eye image in the left eye. Such control enables stereoscopic viewing even when the head of the observer 2 deviates backward from the appropriate viewing range.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 12, the stereoscopic image display device 1 described above includes, for example, a liquid crystal panel 20, a light shielding barrier 10 disposed on the viewer side of the liquid crystal panel 20, and a planar light source 30.
[0024]
As will be described later, the light shielding barrier 10 is configured such that a part of the light shielding portion can be turned on / off (generated / disappeared). In this embodiment, a TN liquid crystal panel is used as a light shielding barrier.
[0025]
The liquid crystal panel 20 includes a light incident side glass substrate 23, a light emitting side glass substrate 24, a liquid crystal layer 25 provided between the substrates 23 and 24, and a light incident side attached to the light incident side glass substrate 23. A polarizing plate 26 and a light emitting side polarizing plate 27 attached to the light emitting side glass substrate 24 are included. The liquid crystal panel 20 is driven by, for example, a matrix driving method, and an image is displayed by applying a voltage to a transparent pixel electrode (not shown) according to an image signal. Then, by processing the video signal supplied to the liquid crystal panel 20, the image R for the right eye and the image L for the left eye are alternately displayed every other vertical line.
[0026]
The light shielding barrier 10 made of a TN type liquid crystal panel disposed on the light emitting side of the liquid crystal panel 20 is provided with a liquid crystal layer 13 between two glass substrates 11 and 12, and on the viewer 2 side, on the light incident side. A polarizing plate 14 is provided. The polarizing plate on the light incident side of the TN type liquid crystal panel is the polarizing plate 27 of the liquid crystal panel 20 that forms an image. The light shielding barrier 10 made of this TN type liquid crystal panel has transparent electrodes such as ITO patterned on the inner surfaces of the glass substrates 11 and 12 so that the light shielding portion can be electrically turned on / off. Furthermore, it has a function of moving the light shielding part of the light shielding barrier 10 by 1/4 of the pitch. For example, in order to realize this function, the transparent electrode for turning on and off the light shielding part is subdivided. Thus, the light shielding portion can be moved. Then, the light-shielding portion is turned on so that one opening corresponds to two display pixels of the liquid crystal panel 20, and the light transmitted through the liquid crystal panel 20 is separated into right and left so that the image for the left eye is observed by the observer 2. An image for the right eye is given to the right eye 2R of the observer 2 to the left eye 2L.
[0027]
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of the light-shielding barrier 10 composed of the liquid crystal panel described above. In this liquid crystal panel, a liquid crystal layer 13 is provided between two glass substrates 11 and 12. Polarizing plates 14 and 16 are provided on the outer surfaces of the glass substrates 11 and 12, respectively. Of these two polarizing plates 14 and 16, the polarizing plate on the liquid crystal panel 20 side that displays an image can be shared with the polarizing plate of the liquid crystal panel 20. The polarizing plate 14 and the polarizing plate 16 are pasted so that the polarization axes are perpendicular to each other. In the figure, the polarizing plate of the light shielding barrier 10 and the polarizing plate of the liquid crystal panel 20 for image display are shared. A transparent electrode 15 is formed on the entire inner surface of one glass substrate 12. The transparent electrode 15 is made of, for example, ITO.
[0028]
On the other glass substrate 11, the light-shielding portion 10b is always formed of a black pigment, and the regions 10a1 and 10a2 that become the light-shielding portions only in the first state and the regions 10c1 and 10c2 that become the light-shielding portions only in the second state Are formed of transparent electrodes. Actually, as shown in the figure, the transparent electrode and the always light-shielding portion are formed so as to slightly overlap so that there is no gap.
[0029]
When no voltage is applied to all the transparent electrodes, the polarization axis of the light selected by the polarizing plate 422 rotates 90 degrees according to the rotation of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 13 and passes through the polarizing plate 14. . However, only the light that is constantly incident on the light-shielding part 10 is shielded.
[0030]
The above-described always-light-shielding portion 10b and the transparent electrodes 10a1 (10a2) and 10c1 (10c2) are always provided for two pixels of the liquid crystal panel 20 in order to enable stereoscopic viewing without using glasses when the light-shielding portion is on. The pitch (Q) is formed so that a pair of the light shielding part 10b and one of the transparent electrodes corresponds. The transparent electrodes 10a1 (10a2) and 10c1 (10c2) are for enabling the movement of the light-shielding portion, and one of the electrodes is turned on corresponding to the position of the observer 2. As for the width of the transparent electrodes 10a1 (10a2) and 10c1 (10c2), the part that does not always overlap the light shielding part 10b is formed with Q / 4. Therefore, the Q / 4 light-shielding portion can be moved by switching the transparent electrode on and off. These transparent electrodes 10a1 (10a2) and 10c1 (10c2) constitute a liquid crystal shutter.
[0031]
(Description of specific configuration)
FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a stereoscopic image display apparatus without glasses. This block diagram is an adaptation of the present invention to color display.
[0032]
The output from the sensor 101 that detects the position of the observer 2 is given to the position detection control circuit 102, and the position detection control circuit 102 determines where the position of the head of the observer 2 is based on the output of the sensor 101. Then, the control signal corresponding to the position is supplied to the display signal generation circuit 100 and the light shielding barrier division control circuit 115.
[0033]
The display signal generation circuit 100 generates a left-eye video signal and a right-eye video signal, and supplies them to the liquid crystal display panel 20. On the liquid crystal display panel 20, a right eye image and a left eye image are basically displayed every other vertical line. The display signal generation circuit 100 determines the number of screen divisions based on the control signal in addition to the basic operation of switching the supply of the left-eye video signal and the right-eye video signal based on the control signal from the position detection control circuit 102. The switching between the left-eye video signal and the right-eye video signal is controlled for each divided screen.
[0034]
A specific configuration of the display signal generation circuit 100 will be described. The first input terminal 106a is supplied with a video signal for the left eye which is a composite signal composed of the luminance signal Y and the color difference signal C, and the second input terminal 106b is a composite composed of the luminance signal Y and the color difference signal C. A right-eye video signal as a signal is given. The left-eye video signal is converted to red, green, and blue primary color signals by the first decoder 107a, and the right-eye video signal is converted to red, green, and blue primary color signals by the second decoder 107b. . Each primary color signal is converted into digital data by the first and second A / D converters 108 a and 108 b and supplied to the multiplexer 109.
[0035]
The multiplexer 109 includes a first switch unit 109a for selecting one of the two red primary color data input from the first and second A / D converters 108a and 108b, and the first and second A / D converters. A second switch unit 109b for selecting one of the two green primary color data input from 108a and 108b, and one of the two blue primary color data input from the first and second A / D converters 108a and 108b. A third switch unit 109c to be selected. In the multiplexer 109, the first switch unit 109a selects the red primary color data for the right eye from the second A / D converter 108b, and the second switch unit 109b selects the left eye from the first A / D converter 108a. A first selection state (shown by a solid line) in which the third switch unit 109c selects the blue primary color data for the right eye from the second A / D converter 108b, and the first switch The unit 109a selects the red primary color data for the left eye from the first A / D converter 108a, and the second switch unit 109b selects the green primary color data for the right eye from the second A / D converter 108b. The second switch state (shown by a broken line) in which the third switch unit 109c selects the blue primary color data for the left eye from the first A / D converter 108a is switched. The first selection state and the second selection state basically correspond to the first and second data output periods (every one dot clock) in one horizontal scanning period in the liquid crystal display panel 20. Can be switched.
[0036]
The synchronization signal separation circuit 111 separates a horizontal / vertical synchronization signal from the signal for the left eye input to the first input terminal 106 a and supplies this synchronization signal to the timing signal generation circuit 112. The timing signal generation circuit 112 controls the timing at which the first and second decoders 107a and 107b, the first and second A / D converters 108a and 108b, the multiplexer 109, and the liquid crystal display panel 20 operate according to the synchronization signal. A timing signal is generated.
[0037]
The light shielding barrier division control circuit 115 controls the on / off of the liquid crystal shutter portion in the light shielding barrier 10 and controls the positions of the light transmitting portion and the light shielding portion of the light shielding barrier 10. The light shielding barrier 10 includes a light transmission portion and a light shielding portion in the form of vertical stripes. In this embodiment, a parallax barrier disposed between the liquid crystal display panel 20 and the observer 2 is employed. Of course, a configuration in which the liquid crystal display panel 20 is disposed between the liquid crystal display panel 20 and a light source (not shown) that emits light in a planar shape may be employed. The pitch of the light shielding portions in the light shielding barrier 10 is determined by the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal display panel 20 used. The light shielding barrier 10 has a width of the liquid crystal shutter portion that is 1/4 of the pitch as described above so that the light transmitting portion and the light shielding portion can be moved by a quarter of the pitch of the light shielding portion. Is done.
[0038]
The position detection control circuit 102 outputs a first control signal to the timing generation circuit 112 and the light-shielding barrier division control circuit 115 when the position of the head of the observer 2 is located in the normal viewing region of the liquid crystal display panel 20. When the head position of 2 is located in the reverse viewing region of the liquid crystal display panel 20 (a state where the right eye views the left eye image and the left eye views the right eye image), the second control signal is sent to the timing generation circuit 112 and When output to the light shielding barrier division control circuit 115 and the head position of the observer 2 is in an area (moire area) from approximately E / 4 to 3E / 4, the third control signal is output to the timing generation circuit 112 and the light shielding barrier division control. Output to the circuit 115.
[0039]
Further, the position detection control circuit 102 outputs a fourth control signal to the timing generation circuit 112 and the light shielding barrier division control circuit 115 when the position of the head of the observer 2 deviates from the appropriate viewing range by a predetermined distance or more. . The fourth control signal differs depending on whether the position of the head of the observer 2 has deviated from the appropriate viewing range in the forward direction or the backward direction, and the degree of the deviating (distance from the suitable viewing range). . That is, due to this difference, the number of divided areas, the presence / absence of the 1/4 pitch movement of the light shielding unit in each area, and the presence / absence of switching the display order of the right eye image and the left eye image in each area are selected in a predetermined combination. . This will be described in detail later.
[0040]
When the observer 2 is positioned in the normal viewing area and the first control signal is supplied to the timing generating circuit 112, the timing generating circuit 112 forms a pixel array for the normal viewing area on the liquid crystal display panel 20. As described above, the first selection state and the second selection state in the multiplexer 109 are switched. That is, on the liquid crystal display panel 20, a first red pixel (right eye image) → first green pixel (left eye image) → first blue pixel (right eye image) → second red pixel (left Eye image) → second green pixel (right eye image) → second blue pixel (left eye image) → third red pixel (right eye image)... When the first control signal is supplied to the light shielding barrier division control circuit 115, the light shielding barrier division control circuit 115 forms the positions of the light transmission part and the light shielding part for the normal viewing area on the light shielding barrier 10. Then, a liquid crystal shutter on / off control signal is given to the light shielding barrier 10.
[0041]
On the other hand, when the observer 2 is located in the reverse viewing region and the second control signal is supplied to the timing generating circuit 112, the timing generating circuit 112 arranges the pixels for the reverse viewing region on the liquid crystal display panel 20. Are switched between the first selection state and the second selection state in the multiplexer 109. That is, on the liquid crystal display panel 20, a first red pixel (left eye image) → first green pixel (right eye image) → first blue pixel (left eye image) → second red pixel (right Eye image) → second green pixel (left eye image) → second blue pixel (right eye image) → third red pixel (left eye image)... On the other hand, the positions of the light transmitting part and the light shielding part on the light shielding barrier 10 are set to be the same as those for the normal viewing area. Note that changing the image display as described above is hereinafter referred to as “LR image switching”.
[0042]
When the observer 2 is positioned in a region (moire region) of approximately E / 4 to 3E / 4 with respect to the normal vision region, and the third control signal is supplied to the timing generation circuit 112, the timing generation circuit 112 On the display panel 20, the same pixel arrangement as for normal viewing (for example, when the observer 2 moves in the right direction in the figure) or the same as for reverse viewing (for example, when the observer 2 moves in the left direction in the figure) Are switched between the first selection state and the second selection state in the multiplexer 109. Then, when the third control signal is given to the light shielding barrier division control circuit 115, the light shielding barrier division control circuit 115 is configured such that the light shielding portion of the light shielding barrier 10 is a 1/4 pitch observer with respect to the normal viewing area. A liquid crystal shutter on / off control signal is applied to the light-shielding barrier 10 so as to shift in the direction opposite to the moving direction 2. Note that the movement of the light shielding portion by ¼ pitch as described above is hereinafter referred to as “barrier movement”.
[0043]
Next, the case where the observer 2 moves back and forth from the appropriate viewing range and the fourth control signal is output to the timing generation circuit 112 and the light shielding barrier division control circuit 115 will be described below. Here, when the fourth control signal is output, the light shielding barrier 10 is divided into regions in the horizontal direction, and execution / non-execution of the barrier movement is set for each region. The light shielding barrier division control circuit 115 performs this setting control. The liquid crystal display panel 20 is also divided into areas corresponding to the above areas, and execution / non-execution of LR image switching is set for each area. The timing generation circuit 112 controls this setting. The combination (control) of execution / non-execution of LR image switching and execution / non-execution of barrier movement is performed according to Tables 1 to 4 described later.
[0044]
[When the liquid crystal display panel is divided into two]
(When the position of the head of the observer 2 deviates backward from the appropriate viewing range)
FIG. 15 shows a state in which the barrier movement is not performed in the H1 area of the display 1a with the light shielding unit, the barrier movement is performed in the H2 area, and the LR image switching is not performed in both areas. In this state, the range in which the right eye image that has passed through R1 from the H1 region can be seen within the left thick frame rectangle in the drawing, and the range in which the right eye image that has passed through R1 ′ from the H2 region can be seen in the thick dotted line on the left in the drawing. Within a rectangle. Therefore, the range in which the right eye image can be seen simultaneously from the H1 area and the H2 area is the hatched area in the figure. Further, the range in which the left eye image that has passed through L1 from the H1 region is visible in the right thick frame rectangle in the drawing, and the range in which the left eye image that has passed L1 ′ from the H2 region is visible is in the thick dotted rectangle on the right in the drawing. It is. Therefore, the range in which the left eye image can be seen simultaneously from the H1 region and the H2 region is the lattice pattern range in the figure.
[0045]
FIG. 16 shows a range in which the right eye image can be seen simultaneously from the H1 region and the H2 region by a bold polygon (outlined). In the figure, the range marked with (5) corresponds to the case where the H1 area has no barrier movement, the H2 area has the barrier movement, and both areas have no LR image switching, as in the case of FIG.
[0046]
The range of (6) is the case where the H1 area has barrier movement, the H2 area has no barrier movement, and only the H2 area has LR image switching. In the range (6), the range in which the right eye image that has passed through R1 ′ from the H1 region and the range in which the right eye image that has passed through L1 from the H2 region can be seen overlap.
[0047]
The range of (7) is the case where the H1 area has no barrier movement, the H2 area has barrier movement, and both areas have LR image switching. In the range (7), the range in which the right eye image that has passed through L1 from the H1 region and the range in which the right eye image that has passed through L1 ′ from the H2 region can be seen overlap.
[0048]
The range of (8) is the case where the H1 area has a barrier movement, the H2 area has no barrier movement, and only the H1 area has LR image switching. In the range {circle over (8)}, the range in which the right eye image that has passed through L1 ′ from the H1 region and the range in which the right eye image that has passed through R2 from the H2 region can be seen overlap.
[0049]
The liquid crystal display panel is divided into two regions (H1, H2), and the presence / absence of LR image switching in each region (H1, H2) and each region (H1) when the head position of the viewer 2 deviates backward from the appropriate viewing range. , H2), the combination of the presence / absence of barrier movement is the above four types (5) to (8). Table 1 below shows combinations of the presence / absence of LR image switching in each region (H1, H2) and the presence / absence of barrier movement in each region (H1, H2) in the range from (1) to (13). Note that, by the control in Table 1, the right eye image is reliably supplied to the right eye of the observer 2, and the left eye image is almost input to the left eye.
[0050]
[Table 1]

[0051]
There is a tendency that the area where the right eye image can be seen and the area where the left eye image can be seen move away from the appropriate viewing range backward, but since the distance between the eyes is almost in the vicinity of the interocular distance, stereoscopic vision is possible in a considerable range. When the distance is larger than the interocular distance, it is preferable to control the eye of the observer 2 with priority. That is, if the eye of the observer 2 is the right eye, if the above-described control is performed depending on which range ((1) to (13)) in FIG. The right eye image is surely supplied to the eye, and the left eye image is almost supplied to the left eye.
[0052]
[When the liquid crystal display panel is divided into two]
(When the position of the head of the observer 2 deviates forward from the appropriate viewing range)
FIG. 17 shows a state in which the barrier movement is performed in the H1 area of the liquid crystal display 1a with the light-shielding barrier, the barrier movement is not performed in the H2 area, and the LR image switching is not performed in both areas. In this state, for example, the range in which the right eye image that has passed R1 ′ from the H1 region is visible in the left thick frame rectangle in the figure, and the range in which the right eye image that has passed R1 from the H2 region is visible in the left side in the figure. It is within the thick dotted rectangle. Therefore, the range in which the right eye image can be seen simultaneously from the H1 region and the H2 region is the hatched range in the figure. In addition, the range in which the left eye image that has passed L1 ′ from the H1 region can be seen is within the right thick rectangle in the drawing, and the range in which the left eye image that has passed L1 from the H2 region can be seen is in the thick dotted rectangle on the right in the drawing. It is. Therefore, the range in which the left eye image can be seen simultaneously from the H1 region and the H2 region is the lattice pattern range in the figure.
[0053]
FIG. 18 shows a polygon (outlined) in which the right eye image can be seen simultaneously from the H1 area and the H2 area. In the figure, the range marked with (5) is the case where the H1 area has barrier movement, the H2 area has no barrier movement, and both areas have no LR image switching, as in FIG.
[0054]
The range of (6) is the case where the H1 area has no barrier movement, the H2 area has barrier movement, and only the H1 area has LR image switching. In the range (6), the range in which the right eye image that has passed through L1 from the H1 region and the range in which the right eye image that has passed through R1 ′ from the H2 region can be seen overlap.
[0055]
The range of (7) is the case where the H1 area has barrier movement, the H2 area has no barrier movement, and both areas have LR image switching. In the range of (7), the range in which the right eye image that has passed through L1 ′ from the H1 region and the range in which the right eye image that has passed through L1 from the H2 region can be seen overlap.
[0056]
The range of (8) is the case where the H1 area has no barrier movement, the H2 area has barrier movement, and only the H2 area has LR image switching. In the range (8), the range in which the right eye image that has passed through R2 from the H1 region and the range in which the right eye image that has passed through L1 ′ from the H2 region can be seen overlap.
[0057]
The liquid crystal display panel is divided into two regions (H1, H2), and the presence or absence of LR image switching in each region (H1, H2) and each region (H1) when the position of the head of the observer 2 deviates forward from the appropriate viewing range. , H2), the combination of the presence / absence of barrier movement is the above four types (5) to (8). Table 2 below shows combinations of the presence / absence of LR image switching in each region (H1, H2) and the presence / absence of barrier movement in each region (H1, H2) in the range from (1) to (13). Note that, by the control in Table 2, the right eye image is reliably supplied to the right eye of the observer 2, and the left eye image is almost input to the left eye.
[0058]
[Table 2]

[0059]
The area where the right eye image can be seen and the area where the left eye image can be seen tend to approach as the distance from the appropriate viewing range moves forward, but stereoscopic vision is possible in a considerable range because it is near the interocular distance. When the distance is larger than the interocular distance, it is preferable to control the eye of the observer 2 with priority. That is, if the eye of the observer 2 is the right eye, if the above-described control is performed depending on which range ((1) to (13)) in FIG. The right eye image is surely supplied to the eye, and the left eye image is almost supplied to the left eye.
[0060]
FIG. 19 shows in gray the range in which the right eye image can be seen simultaneously from the H1 region and the H2 region in FIG. 16 and the range where the right eye image can be seen simultaneously from the H1 region and the H2 region in FIG. Further, in this figure, the thick line area indicates a normal image supplyable range (no area division). When the observer 2 is present within the image supplyable range in the thick line area, normal control (control without area division) is performed, and when the area extends beyond this area, the above-described control with area division is performed. It will be. When the observer 2 is present in the P1 area shown in FIG. 20, normal control (control without area division) is performed, and when the area extends beyond the area, the above-described control with area division is performed. May be.
[0061]
[When the LCD panel is divided into three parts]
(When the position of the head of the observer 2 deviates backward from the appropriate viewing range)
FIG. 21 shows a state in which the barrier movement is not performed in the H2 area of the display 1a with the light-shielding means, the barrier movement is performed in the H1 area and the H3 area, and the LR image is switched only in the H1 area. In this state, for example, the range in which the right eye image that has passed through L1 ′ from the H1 region can be seen within the left thick rectangle in the figure, and the range in which the right eye image that has passed through R2 from the H2 region can be seen in the left side of the figure. The range in which the right-eye image that passes through R2 ′ from the H3 region can be seen is within the thick dashed-dotted line quadrilateral on the left in the figure. Therefore, the range in which the right eye image can be seen simultaneously from the H1, H2, and H3 areas is the hatched area in the figure. Further, the range in which the left eye image that has passed through R2 ′ from the H1 region can be seen is in the right thick square in the drawing, and the range in which the left eye image that has passed through L2 from the H2 region can be seen in the right thick dotted rectangle in the drawing. The range in which the left eye image that has passed through L2 ′ from the H3 region can be seen is within the thick dashed-dotted line rectangle on the right side of the figure. Accordingly, the range in which the left eye image can be seen simultaneously from the H1, H2, and H3 regions is the lattice pattern range in the figure.
[0062]
FIG. 22 shows a range in which the right eye image can be seen simultaneously from the H1, H2, and H3 areas by a bold polygon (outlined). In the figure, the range marked with (8) corresponds to the case where the H1 area and the H3 area have barrier movement, the H2 area has no barrier movement, and only the H1 area has LR image switching, as in FIG. .
[0063]
The liquid crystal display panel is divided into three regions (H1, H2, H3), and whether or not the LR image is switched in each region (H1, H2, H3) when the position of the head of the observer 2 deviates backward from the appropriate viewing range, and There are four types (for example, (8), (9), (10), (11)) of combinations of presence / absence of barrier movement in each region (H1, H2, H3). Table 3 below shows combinations of presence / absence of LR image switching in each region (H1, H2, H3) and presence / absence of barrier movement in each region (H1, H2, H3) in the range of (1) to (13). Note that, by the control in Table 3, the right eye image is reliably supplied to the right eye of the observer 2, and the left eye image is almost input to the left eye.
[0064]
[Table 3]

[0065]
There is a tendency that the area where the right eye image can be seen and the area where the left eye image can be seen move away from the appropriate viewing range backward, but since the distance between the eyes is almost in the vicinity of the interocular distance, stereoscopic vision is possible in a considerable range. When the distance is larger than the interocular distance, it is preferable to control the eye of the observer 2 with priority. That is, if the eye of the observer 2 is the right eye, if the above-described control is performed depending on which range ((1) to (13)) in FIG. The right eye image is surely supplied to the eye, and the left eye image is almost supplied to the left eye.
[0066]
[When the LCD panel is divided into three parts]
(When the position of the head of the observer 2 deviates forward from the appropriate viewing range)
FIG. 23 shows a state in which the barrier movement is not performed in the H2 area of the display 1a with the light shielding means, the barrier movement is performed in the H1 area and the H3 area, and the LR image is switched only in the H3 area. In this state, the range in which the right eye image that has passed through R2 ′ from the H1 region can be seen is within the left thick rectangle in the figure, and the range in which the right eye image that has passed through R2 from the H2 region can be seen in the thick dotted line on the left in the drawing. The range in which the right eye image that has passed through L1 ′ from the H3 region can be seen is within the thick dashed-dotted line rectangle on the left in the figure. Therefore, the range in which the right eye image can be seen simultaneously from the H1, H2, and H3 areas is the hatched area in the figure. Further, the range in which the left eye image that has passed through L2 ′ from the H1 region can be seen is in the right thick rectangle in the drawing, and the range in which the left eye image that has passed through L2 from the H2 region can be seen in the right thick dotted rectangle in the drawing. The range in which the left-eye image that has passed through R2 ′ from the H3 region is visible is within the thick dashed-dotted line rectangle on the right side of the figure. Accordingly, the range in which the left eye image can be seen simultaneously from the H1, H2, and H3 regions is the lattice pattern range in the figure.
[0067]
FIG. 24 shows a range in which the right eye image can be seen simultaneously from the H1, H2, and H3 areas by a bold polygon (outlined). In the figure, the range marked with (8) corresponds to the case where the H1 area and the H3 area have barrier movement, the H2 area has no barrier movement, and only the H3 area has LR image switching, as in the case of FIG. .
[0068]
The liquid crystal display panel is divided into three areas (H1, H2, H3), and whether or not the LR image is switched in each area (H1, H2, H3) when the position of the head of the observer 2 deviates from the appropriate viewing range. There are four types (for example, (8), (9), (10), (11)) of combinations of presence / absence of barrier movement in each region (H1, H2, H3). Table 4 below shows combinations of presence / absence of LR image switching in each region (H1, H2, H3) and presence / absence of barrier movement in each region (H1, H2, H3) in the range of (1) to (13). Note that, by the control in Table 4, the right eye image is reliably supplied to the right eye of the observer 2, and the left eye image is almost input to the left eye.
[0069]
[Table 4]

[0070]
The area where the right eye image can be seen and the area where the left eye image can be seen tend to approach as the distance from the appropriate viewing range moves forward, but stereoscopic vision is possible in a considerable range because it is near the interocular distance. When the distance is larger than the interocular distance, it is preferable to control the eye of the observer 2 with priority. That is, if the eye of the observer 2 is the right eye, if the above-described control is performed depending on which range ((1) to (13)) in FIG. The right eye image is surely supplied to the eye, and the left eye image is almost supplied to the left eye.
[0071]
If the range of FIG. 22 and the range of FIG. 24 are added to FIG. 19, it will become like FIG. In the figure, the numbered black paint range is the right eye image supplyable range increased by the three-division control. Therefore, when the head of the observer 2 moves to the numbered range, the LR image switching and the barrier movement of the three regions are controlled as shown in Tables 3 and 4, and inside the numbered range. When the head of the observer 2 moves, the control is switched to the two-division control, and the two-region LR image switching and the barrier movement may be controlled as shown in Tables 1 and 2.
[0072]
[When the liquid crystal display panel is divided into four parts]
FIG. 26 shows a case where the image supply possible range is expanded behind the appropriate viewing range by dividing into four regions. By performing the control based on the same principle as the above-described two-division control and three-division control, the shaded portion in the figure becomes the right-eye image supplyable range, the lattice pattern portion in the figure becomes the left-eye image supplyable range, Stereoscopic viewing is possible when the right eye and the left eye are present in the range. FIG. 27 is a diagram in which the image supply range is expanded to the rear and front of the appropriate viewing range, and the right eye image supply range in FIG. 25 is added. Thus, as the number of divisions is increased, the stereoscopic view possible range can be expanded in the quadrangular regions arranged side by side on the rear side or the front side. Note that although the pitch of the quadrangular area tends to expand backward and decrease forward as it moves away from the appropriate viewing range, stereoscopic viewing is possible in a considerable range because it is near the interocular distance. When the distance is larger than the interocular distance, it is preferable to control the eye of the observer 2 with priority.
[0073]
In the above-described stereoscopic video display device, a stereoscopic image display device having a wide stereoscopic range in the front-rear direction is realized by dividing the screen into a plurality of regions. By the way, when the light shielding portion of the light shielding barrier is controlled to be movable, the width of the light shielding portion is constant even at the boundary portion of the region. When the width of the light-shielding portion is constant at the boundary portion, a bright line or a black line may be observed depending on the position of the observer. Such a state will be described below.
[0074]
FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the observer 2 observes the pixels 20L1, 20L2, and 20R2 on the liquid crystal panel 20 through the openings 151 and 125 of the light shielding barrier 10 from an optimum distance. In this case, when the right eye 2R of the observer 2 is looking at the center of the pixel 20L1 through the opening 151, the right eye 2R is looking at the pixel 20L2 through the opening 152. Therefore, even if the observer 2 moves to the left and right, the two pixels are similarly hidden behind the light-shielding part 150 and become invisible. For this reason, even if there is a boundary between the divided areas at this position, there is no difference in the timing of movement of the light shielding unit 150 and the switching of the left and right images, and it can be distinguished from the case where the entire light shielding unit 150 moves simultaneously. Absent.
[0075]
However, as shown in FIG. 29, for example, when the observer is observing from a distance closer than the optimum distance, when viewing the center of the pixel 20L1 through the opening 151, the end of the pixel 20L2 through the opening 152 Watching. When the observer moves to the left and right in this state, since the timing at which the two pixels are hidden by the light shielding unit 150 is different, the appearance changes. Therefore, if there is a boundary between the divided areas at this position, there is a difference in the timing of movement of the light shielding unit 150 and the switching of the left and right images, which is more optimal than the case where the entire light shielding unit moves simultaneously. It is required to select a state.
[0076]
As described above, the right side and the left side of the boundary are different in the movement timing of the light shielding unit 150 and the switching timing of the left and right images with respect to the movement of the observer. This is shown in FIGS. 30 and 31. FIG. 30 and 31, the left and right light shielding portions are controlled separately with the opening 151 as a boundary. That is, the light shielding parts 150B and 150C move simultaneously, and the light shielding part 1505A moves separately. The two lines extending from the pixel represent the general direction of the light beam from the pixel for the left eye, and do not mean that the left eye is ahead of the light beam.
[0077]
FIG. 30 shows an example in which the observer moves to the left side at a position closer than the optimum observation distance. The light shielding part on the right side of the boundary 151 moves first. A description will be given in accordance with FIGS. 30A, 30B,..., H when the observer sequentially moves to the left. That is, the state moves from the state of FIG. 30 (a) to the left state in order to reach the state of FIG. 30 (h), and further moves to the left to return to the state of FIG. 30 (a).
[0078]
In FIG. 30A, the pixel is normally observed through the opening 151. Next, when the observer moves to the left, the light shielding parts 150B and 150C move to the left as shown in FIG. At this time, the opening 151 is narrow and it is difficult to see the pixels, so that a black line is visually recognized from the observation position. When the observer further moves to the left, in FIG. 30C, the light shielding portion 150A moves and returns to normal.
[0079]
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 30D, the light blocking portions 150B and 150C return to their original positions, and at the same time, the pixels 20L2 and 20R2 are switched. At this position, the opening 151 is widened and a bright line is observed from the observation position. In FIG. 30 (e), the pixels 20L1 and 20R1 are interchanged, and the light-shielding portion 150A also returns to its original state, which is normal.
[0080]
In FIG. 30 (f), since the light shielding portions 150B and 1505C are moved again and the opening 151 is narrowed, a black line is observed. When the light shielding portion 150A moves in FIG. In FIG. 30 (h), the light-shielding portions 150B and 150C return to their original positions, and at the same time, the pixels 20L2 and 20R2 are interchanged to return to their original positions. At this position, the opening 151 is widened and a bright line is observed from the observation position. The next state is the same as in FIG.
[0081]
FIG. 31 shows an example in which the observer moves to the left toward a position farther than the optimum observation distance. The light shielding part on the left side of the boundary 151 moves first. A description will be given according to FIGS. 31A, 31B,..., And FIG. That is, the state moves from the state of FIG. 31 (a) to the left state in order to reach the state of FIG. 31 (h), and further moves to the left to return to the state of FIG. 31 (a). Also in this case, as in the case of FIG. 30, the width of the opening 151 changes, and bright lines and black lines are observed.
[0082]
FIG. 32 is a perspective view showing only the transparent electrode portion in the configuration near the boundary portion between the divided regions in the light shielding barrier 10 shown in FIG. FIG. 33 is a configuration diagram showing grouping of these transparent electrodes. The transparent electrodes 45a1, 45a2, 45b1, and 45b2 belong to different groups, and each group is a group of lateral electrodes at the top or bottom of the region. These electrodes are controlled separately for each group.
[0083]
A 0 V or square wave AC voltage can be applied to the transparent electrodes 45a1, 45a2, 45b1, and 45b2 of this panel, and a voltage of 0V is always applied to the transparent electrode 44. Then, the state of the liquid crystal above the transparent electrode to which an AC voltage is applied is aligned, and the polarization axis cannot be rotated. For this reason, the light incident on this portion cannot pass through the polarizing plate 421 and always functions as a light shielding portion together with the light shielding portion 46.
[0084]
Normally, the transparent electrode 45a1 and the transparent electrode 45b1 operate as a pair. When an alternating voltage is applied to 45a1, 0V is applied to the transparent electrode 45b1, and when an alternating voltage is applied to 45b1, the transparent electrode 0V is applied to 45a1. Further, the transparent electrode 45a2 and the transparent electrode 45b2 operate as a pair. When an AC voltage is applied to 45a2, 0V is applied to the transparent electrode 45b2, and when an AC voltage is applied to 45b2, the transparent electrode 45a2 Apply 0V. Thus, by changing the transparent electrode to which the voltage is applied, the position of the light shielding portion can be changed.
[0085]
In the case of FIG. 30 and FIG. 31, the transparent electrodes are grouped as shown in FIG. 32 and FIG. 33, and the transparent electrodes 45a1, 45a2, 45b1, and 45b2 belong to different groups. Are grouped with lateral electrodes at the top or bottom of the region. These electrodes are controlled separately for each group.
[0086]
When such grouping of electrodes is performed, as described above, the width of the opening 151 may change, and a bright line or a black line may be observed. Therefore, in the embodiment described below, the boundary of each region of the light-shielding barrier 10 (parallax barrier) that is divided into at least two or more regions and is controlled independently. Near The opening width is controlled so as not to change. Thus, by controlling, it can prevent that a bright line and a black line generate | occur | produce.
[0087]
Boundary of each region Near Opening width But In order to control so as not to change, as shown in FIG. 34, when forming the transparent electrode, the transparent electrode used to represent before and after the movement of the light shielding portion 150 belongs to different groups adjacent to each other. What is necessary is just to form.
[0088]
Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIGS. 35 and 36, the left and right are controlled separately with the light shielding portion 150B as a boundary. For this reason, the size of the openings 151 and 152 does not change. In order to control in this way, when forming the transparent electrode, the transparent electrode used to represent before and after the movement of the light shielding portion 150B may be formed so as to belong to different groups adjacent to each other.
[0089]
FIG. 35 shows an example in which the observer moves to the left side at a position closer than the optimum observation distance. The opening 152 on the right side of the boundary 150B moves first. A description will be given according to FIGS. 35A, 35B,..., H when the observer sequentially moves to the left. That is, the state moves from the state of FIG. 35 (a) to the left state in order to reach the state of FIG. 35 (h), and further moves to the left to return to the state of FIG. 35 (a).
[0090]
In FIG. 35A, the pixels are normally observed through the openings 151 and 152. Next, when the observer moves to the left, the opening 152 moves to the left as shown in FIG. At this time, although the width of the light shielding portion 1505B is slightly narrowed, the width of the opening 152 is not changed, and the pixels can be viewed almost normally.
[0091]
Next, in FIG. 35C, the opening 151 moves. Again, the condition is normal. Furthermore, in FIG. 35D, the width of the opening 152 does not change and is almost normal. Then, the pixels 20R2 and 20L2 are replaced.
[0092]
Subsequently, in FIG. 35 (e), the pixels 20R1 and 20L1 are further replaced, and the light-shielding portion 150A also returns to its original state, which is also normal.
[0093]
In FIG. 35 (f), the opening 152 moves again, but the width of the opening does not change and is almost normal. In FIG. 35 (g), the light shielding portion 150A moves, but the width of the opening does not change and continues to be normal. In FIG. 35 (h), the opening 152 returns to the original position, and at the same time, the pixels 20L2 and 20R2 are exchanged to return to the original position. Even at this position, the width of the opening 152 does not change and is almost normal. The next state is the same as in FIG.
[0094]
FIG. 36 shows an example where the observer moves to the left side at a position farther than the optimum observation distance, and the opening 151 on the left side of the boundary 150B moves first. In this case as well, the width of the opening does not change, and no bright line or black line is observed. That is, when an observer moves to the left in order, it demonstrates according to Fig.36 (a), (b) ..., (h). That is, the state moves from the state of FIG. 36 (a) to the left state in order to reach the state of FIG. 36 (h), and further moves to the left to return to the state of FIG. 36 (a).
[0095]
In FIG. 36A, the pixels are normally observed through the openings 151 and 152. Next, when the observer moves to the left, the opening 151 moves to the left as shown in FIG. At this time, although the width of the light shielding portion 150B is increased, the width of the opening 151 is not changed, and the pixels can be viewed almost normally.
[0096]
Next, in FIG. 36C, the opening 152 moves. Again, the condition is normal. Furthermore, in FIG. 36D, the opening 151 moves. At this time, the width of the opening 152 does not change and is almost normal. Then, the pixels 20R1 and 20L1 are exchanged.
[0097]
Subsequently, in FIG. 36 (e), the opening 152 is further moved, the light-shielding portion 150A is also restored, and the pixels 20R2 and 20L2 are exchanged, which is also normal.
[0098]
In FIG. 36F, the opening 152 moves again, but the width of the opening does not change and is almost normal. In FIG. 36G, the opening 152 moves, but the width of the opening does not change and continues to be normal. In FIG. 36 (h), at the same time as the opening 151 returns to the original position, the pixels 20L1 and 20R1 are exchanged to return to the original position. Even at this position, the width of the opening 151 does not change and is almost normal. The next state is the same as in FIG.
[0099]
Thus, in order not to change the width of the opening at the boundary portion, the transparent electrodes 15c1 and 15c2 may be grouped so as to belong to the same group as shown in FIG. In this case, the transparent electrode 15c1 is not paired with 15a1, but is paired with 15a2 to form an opening. When an alternating voltage is applied to the transparent electrode 15c2, 0V is applied to the transparent electrode 15c1, and when an alternating voltage is applied to the transparent electrode 15c1, 0V is applied to the transparent electrode 15c2. By changing the transparent electrode to which the voltage is applied in this way, it is possible to control so that the opening at the boundary portion does not change.
[0100]
In the above description, only stereoscopic viewing (3D video supply) is described. However, only one of the divided areas is barrier-off (entire transmission, in this case, all the light-shielding portions are liquid crystal shutters). By displaying a normal two-dimensional image on the area of the liquid crystal display panel corresponding to this area, a partial two-dimensional image can be displayed. Of course, it is also possible to perform two-dimensional video display in the entire area.
[0101]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the light shielding means is divided into regions in the horizontal direction, and the movement control of the position of the light shielding portion is performed for each region in accordance with the observer's head position. Even when moving away from the front-rear direction, the observer can make a stereoscopic view at that position. The display unit of the image display means is also divided into areas corresponding to the area division of the light shielding means, and the display order of the striped left eye image and right eye image is set for each area according to the head position of the observer. In the case of control, it is possible to eliminate the omission of the range in which the observer performs stereoscopic viewing. If the number of area divisions is increased, even when the observer is considerably away from the appropriate viewing position in the front-rear direction, the observer can perform stereoscopic viewing at that position.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an optimal observation position from a liquid crystal display panel and an interocular distance of an observer.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a state where an observer is located at an optimum observation position.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a path of light passing through the R2 region from the entire screen of the liquid crystal display panel and a quadrangular region where the right eye image can be reached from the entire screen.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a range where the right eye image or the left eye image can be completely seen from the entire screen of the liquid crystal display panel.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a stereoscopic image is recognized although the observer is slightly away from the optimum observation position.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a range in which a right eye image or a left eye image can be seen when the light shielding unit is moved by ¼ pitch.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state in which a stereoscopic image cannot be recognized because an observer has moved away from an optimal observation position.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an image observed in the right eye of the observer in the state of FIG.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a stereoscopic image display apparatus without glasses and an observer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a range in which a complete right eye image can be seen from the entire screen when the display with light shielding means is divided into three regions and optimal control is performed according to the position of the observer.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a range in which a complete left-eye image can be seen from the entire screen when the display with light-shielding means is divided into three regions and optimal control is performed according to the position of the observer.
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a stereoscopic video display device according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a light-shielding barrier scattered also in the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a glassesless stereoscopic image display apparatus according to this embodiment.
FIG. 15 shows a complete right eye image and left eye image from the entire screen when optimal control is performed when the display with the light shielding means is divided into two regions and the observer moves backward from the appropriate viewing position. It is explanatory drawing which showed the range which can be seen.
FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a range in which the right eye image can be seen from two regions at the same time in a thick polygon (outlined) in FIG. 15;
FIG. 17 shows a complete right eye image and left eye image from the entire screen when optimal control is performed when the display with the light shielding means is divided into two regions and the observer moves forward from the appropriate viewing position. It is explanatory drawing which showed the range which can be seen.
FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing a range in which the right eye image can be seen simultaneously from two regions in a thick polygon (outlined) in FIG. 17;
FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing in gray the range in which the range in which the right eye image in FIG. 18 is visible and the range in which the right eye image is visible in FIG.
FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing, for example, P1 as a range in which normal control (non-division control) is performed in FIG.
FIG. 21 shows a display of complete right eye image and left eye image from the entire screen when optimal control is performed when the display with light shielding means is divided into three regions and the observer moves backward from the appropriate viewing position. It is explanatory drawing which showed the range which can be seen.
FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing the range in which the right-eye image can be seen from three areas at the same time in bold polygons (outlined) in FIG. 21;
FIG. 23 shows a complete right eye image and left eye image from the entire screen when optimal control is performed when the display with the light shielding means is divided into three regions and the observer moves forward from the appropriate viewing position. It is explanatory drawing which showed the range which can be seen.
FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing a range in which the right eye image can be seen from three regions at the same time in a thick polygon (outlined) in FIG.
25 is an explanatory diagram showing the range of FIG. 22 and the range of FIG. 24 in addition to FIG.
FIG. 26 shows a complete right eye image and left eye image from the entire screen when optimal control is performed when the display with the light shielding means is divided into four regions and the observer moves backward from the appropriate viewing position. It is explanatory drawing which showed the range which can be seen.
FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram in which the area that can be supplied with the image is divided into four regions, the image supplyable range is expanded backward and forward from the appropriate viewing range, and the right-eye image supplyable range of FIG. 25 is added.
FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram showing a state where an observer observes a pixel on a liquid crystal panel through an opening of a light shielding barrier from an optimum distance.
FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which an observer observes a pixel on a liquid crystal panel through an opening of a light shielding barrier at a position near an optimum distance.
FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a light-shielding barrier and pixels on a liquid crystal panel when an observer moves to the left side of the drawing at a position near the optimum distance.
FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a light-shielding barrier and pixels on a liquid crystal panel when an observer moves to the left side of the drawing at a position far from the optimum distance.
32 is a perspective view showing only the transparent electrode portion in the configuration in the vicinity of the boundary portion between the divided regions in the light shielding barrier shown in FIG. 13. FIG.
33 is a configuration diagram showing grouping of transparent electrodes of the light shielding barrier shown in FIG. 32. FIG.
FIG. 34 is a configuration diagram showing grouping of transparent electrodes of a light shielding barrier according to the present invention.
FIG. 35 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a light-shielding barrier and pixels on a liquid crystal panel when an observer moves to the left side toward the drawing at a position close to the optimum distance.
FIG. 36 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the light-shielding barrier and the pixels on the liquid crystal panel when the observer moves to the left side in the drawing at a position far from the optimum distance.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 3D image display device without glasses
1a Display with shading means
2 observers
10 Shading barrier
20 Liquid crystal display
100 Display signal generation circuit
101 sensor
102 Position detection control circuit
112 Timing signal generation circuit
115 Shading barrier division control circuit

Claims (9)

Image display means for alternately displaying striped left-eye images and right-eye images, and light-shielding means configured to be able to move the position of the light-shielding part that causes the binocular parallax effect at a quarter pitch of the light-shielding part pitch And a sensor that detects whether or not the position of the observer's head moves in the left-right direction and whether the position of the observer's head deviates back and forth from the appropriate viewing range,
The light shielding means is divided into areas in the left-right direction, and the position of the light shielding portion of the light shielding means is moved for each area division according to the state where the observer's head position deviates back and forth from the appropriate viewing range. A 3D image display apparatus without glasses, comprising region division movement control means for performing non-movement control.   The display unit of the image display unit is also divided into regions corresponding to the region division of the light shielding unit, and the display order of the striped left eye image and right eye image is controlled for each region according to the head position of the observer. The 3D image display apparatus without glasses according to claim 1, further comprising display control means.   The image display means includes a liquid crystal display panel, and the light shielding means is a light shielding barrier disposed between the liquid crystal display panel and a light source that emits light in a planar shape disposed on the back side thereof. The 3D image display apparatus without glasses according to claim 1.   3. The 3D image display apparatus without glasses according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding unit is a parallax barrier disposed on a light emitting side of the image display unit.   5. The glassesless stereoscopic image display device according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding means is a liquid crystal panel.   5. The glasses according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding unit includes a light shielding part and a liquid crystal shutter part in which a light shielding part provided on both sides of the light shielding part is turned on and off. 3D image display device.   7. The stereoscopic image display apparatus without glasses according to claim 6, wherein the aperture ratio between the divided areas of the light shielding means is controlled to be substantially constant. The 3D image display apparatus without glasses according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the region division is performed equally. The light-shielding portion of the light-shielding means is configured to disappear in an arbitrary region, and a two-dimensional image is displayed in a display region corresponding to the region where the light-shielding portion disappears. The 3D image display apparatus without glasses according to claim 5.

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