JP3665656B2 - Method and apparatus for separating unwanted materials from the main stem of sweet potato - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention is a method for separating unnecessary parts, such as cocoon head and attached sludge, from the main stem of sugarcane, And its It relates to the device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The stalks of sweet potatoes are taken to a processing plant after cutting on the farm, and are put into a pressing machine as a raw material for sugar to extract as much sugar juice as possible. When harvesting such sweet potatoes, the stalks have been cut manually from the hairline on the soil surface by hand in Japan, and the tip portion (hereinafter referred to as the cocoon head) where the ears are cut off is cut off and the stalks (especially the main stalks) are cut off. Only) was selected manually.
[0003]
Instead of these harvesting methods, there is an inevitable situation in mechanization, including the introduction of harvesting machines, in order to reduce harvest costs and improve the factory operating rate by labor shortage and labor saving.
[0004]
Such machine harvesting has already been carried out in some foreign countries because it has a large farm and requires mass productivity. However, since the harvesting by the harvesting machine is performed uniformly, a large amount of undesired matter including the stalk and the culm head is generated, which is easily sent to the processing plant as it is. Various troubles may be caused in the processing process.
[0005]
That is, when a large amount of unnecessary trash is brought into the process after the press, mechanical troubles such as breakage and wear of the cane knife, shredder hammer, mill roll, pump, etc. used for pressing occur. In addition, increase in raw fiber content, decrease in sugarcane sugar content, decrease in pure sugar ratio of primary juice and mixed juice, decrease in processing amount of compression, decrease in sugar content extraction rate, sugar content loss due to increased bagasse, cake and molasses, viscosity Many troubles such as an increase in sucrose time due to the rise and a decrease in the recovery rate cannot be avoided.
[0006]
In addition, the sugar content of the head of the cocoon is not only zero, but also contains many impurities such as calcium, gums, pectin, etc. This impurity reduces the recovery rate of the sugar, and also crystallizes as sugar. It discharges an inhibitory substance that becomes an element that prevents
[0007]
Therefore, in a foreign country where harvesting is performed by a machine, a method (wet method) is adopted in which impurities are temporarily thrown into the water tank after cutting and the trash floating on the water surface of the water tank is removed.
[0008]
On the other hand, in Japan, because of the geographical conditions such as frequent typhoons, the stems of sweet potatoes fall over without standing upright, and some of them crawl the ground. In the case of carrying out, the amount of undesired objects such as the heel head and mud is increased, and the size and shape of the cut portion are various. Therefore, when it is put into the water tank by the above-described wet method as it is, the trash cannot be sufficiently removed, and the target main stem portion may be removed together with the heel head.
[0009]
Moreover, in the case of the wet method, since contaminants including the main stem portion and the heel head are washed with water in the water tank, elution of sugar accompanying this washing, contamination of washing water, etc. occur. In this regard, the method of separating trash by a water tank is not recommended and has not been practically used in Japan so far.
[0010]
However, there is a need to adopt a wet separation method using a water tank in order to efficiently separate trash in response to rapid, low cost and mass production by mechanization of harvesting. However, in reality, a method and apparatus for solving the above-described problems and separating trash more effectively and effectively have not been proposed.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for separating unnecessary materials more effectively from raw materials such as sweet potato.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention Miscellaneous matter Mixed Raw material sweet potato Replenish water With water Charged into the tank, Impurities Unnecessary As When separating water Tank water While adjusting the amount, water Near the liquid level in the tank Floating Do Consists of culm head, cocoon leaf and dead stem The first unnecessary thing Scoop up from the liquid level in the tank Carry out, said water The bottom of the tank From the main stem that sinks above The target Along the inclined bottom of the aquarium Carry out, said water At the bottom of the tank Made of sedimented mud Second unnecessary thing From the deepest position on the rear side of the bottom Carry out From the main stem of sweet potato Unnecessary The Separation Do It concerns the method.
[0013]
According to the method of the present invention, when separating an unnecessary object from an object, water Tank ( Hereinafter, it is referred to as a liquid tank. ) The first unnecessary material existing in the vicinity of the liquid surface (and thus having a low specific gravity) is unloaded, and the second unnecessary material existing at the bottom of the liquid tank (and thus having a high specific gravity) is discharged, and the liquid tank Since the target object existing on the bottom side (and therefore having an intermediate specific gravity) is carried out, the first and second unnecessary objects to be separated are separated from the target object using the specific gravity difference, It can be effectively separated and transported without being mixed. For this reason, it is possible to take out the target object by reducing the amount of undesired materials as much as possible, and send it to the subsequent processing steps, without any trouble in the processing such as squeezing of the main stem of sweet potato as described above. You can do it.
[0014]
Also, when separating unwanted materials from the liquid tank Water (hereinafter referred to as liquid) Take out a predetermined amount and supply the corresponding amount Water (hereinafter referred to as replenisher) When the amount of liquid in this liquid tank is adjusted by supplying the liquid, etc., it is possible to sufficiently separate unnecessary substances and wash the target object, and at the same time shorten the processing time in the liquid tank to reduce the sugar content in the liquid, etc. Elution of the necessary substances can be suppressed as much as possible, and the desired product of the desired component amount can always be obtained.
[0015]
In the method of the present invention, unwanted materials are mixed. Raw material sweet potato Is inserted into the liquid tank at one end position in the length direction, the first unnecessary material is carried out in front of the end position, and the liquid tank is moved forward along the length direction. It is possible to carry out the object from the bottom to the front, and carry the second unnecessary object from the bottom to the end position side.
[0016]
In this case, it is desirable to carry out the 1st unnecessary thing to the front of the said liquid tank along the length direction of a liquid tank. This is because each unneeded object and object can be carried out along the length of the liquid tank, so that each carrying means can be arranged within the width of the separation device. This is because the size can be reduced and the apparatus can be downsized.
[0017]
Of course, the 1st unnecessary thing can also be carried out along the width direction of a liquid tank.
[0018]
Further, in the method of the present invention, in order to easily separate and carry out the first unnecessary object, the liquid in the liquid tank is moved forward of the liquid tank so that the liquid flows toward the front side in the length direction of the liquid tank. It is desirable to pull out from the side and return to the front side into the liquid tank from the rear end position.
[0019]
For the same purpose, it is possible to blow gas from the end position on the rear side of the liquid tank toward the front side of the liquid tank so that the liquid flows to the front side in the length direction of the liquid tank. desirable.
[0020]
In addition, it is also preferable that gas is ejected from the liquid surface in the vicinity of the end portion on the rear side of the unloading means for unloading the first unnecessary material, so that the floating first unnecessary material is floated on the liquid surface.
[0022]
The present invention is an apparatus for carrying out the above-described method of the present invention. Miscellaneous matter Mixed Raw material sweet potato Replenish Water (replenisher) With water Tank (Liquid tank) The inside and said Impurities Unnecessary As To separate From the main stem of sweet potato Unnecessary The Separation Do apparatus Because The above water Tank water Adjusting means for adjusting the amount; water Near the liquid level in the tank Floating Do Consists of culm head, cocoon leaf and dead stem The first unnecessary thing Scoop up from the liquid level in the tank First unloading means for unloading; water The bottom of the tank From the main stem that sinks above The target Along the inclined bottom of the aquarium A second unloading means for unloading; water At the bottom of the tank From sedimented mud 2nd unnecessary thing From the deepest position on the rear side of the bottom A third unloading means for unloading From the main stem of sweet potato Unnecessary The Separation Do An apparatus is also provided.
[0023]
In the apparatus of the present invention, the means for adjusting the amount of liquid in the liquid tank comprises a take-out means for taking out a predetermined amount of liquid from the liquid tank and a supply means for supplying the replenisher liquid in an amount corresponding to the take-out amount. Is good.
[0024]
Further, the apparatus further includes charging means for charging the target object mixed with the unnecessary material into the liquid tank at one end position in the length direction, and the first unnecessary object is located in front of the end position. The object is unloaded from the bottom of the liquid tank that has been unloaded and raised forward along the length direction, and the second unnecessary object is unloaded from the bottom to the end position side. Can do.
[0025]
In this case, for the same reason as described above, it is desirable that the first unnecessary object is carried out forward of the liquid tank along the length direction of the liquid tank.
[0026]
Or a 1st unnecessary thing can also be carried out along the width direction of a liquid tank.
[0027]
In the apparatus of the present invention, the first or second unloading means can be formed by an endless conveyor provided with a scraper for scraping out the first unnecessary object or object.
[0028]
In addition, a partition plate with a passage hole is provided on the bottom wall of the liquid tank at a predetermined interval, and second unnecessary substances in the liquid tank are collected between the partition plate and the bottom wall through the passage hole. Can be configured.
[0029]
Moreover, the 3rd carrying-out means may consist of the discharge hole provided in the deepest position of the bottom part of the liquid tank, and the suction pump.
[0030]
Or the 3rd carrying-out means may consist of the screw conveyor provided in the bottom part of the liquid tank, the discharge hole provided in the deepest position of the said liquid tank, and the suction pump.
[0031]
In addition, for the same reason as described above, the liquid in the liquid tank is extracted from the front side so as to cause a liquid flow to the front side in the length direction of the liquid tank, and the liquid tank from the rear end position. It is desirable to further have a liquid reflux means for refluxing toward the front side.
[0032]
For the same purpose, a gas spray that blows gas from the end position on the rear side of the liquid tank toward the front side of the liquid tank so that the liquid flows to the front side in the length direction of the liquid tank. It is desirable to further have means.
[0033]
Further, the apparatus further includes an unnecessary object floating means for ejecting gas from the liquid surface near the rear end portion of the unloading means for unloading the first unnecessary object and causing the floating first unnecessary object to float on the liquid surface. It is also desirable.
[0035]
The method and apparatus of the present invention is based on a so-called wet method for separating unnecessary substances in the liquid tank (specifically, a water tank). As a method for removing unnecessary substances such as trash, there are roughly two methods, a dry method and a wet method. If a large amount of raw material is processed efficiently in a short time, a rough method by a dry method can be considered. It seems to be more effective to adopt both methods of removing unnecessary substances and almost complete separation and removal by a wet method.
[0036]
Therefore, raw materials (objects in which unnecessary substances are mixed) used in the method and apparatus of the present invention are processed in advance by a dry method to roughly remove unnecessary substances, and a dry removal means for this purpose is provided at the front stage of the water tank. It is desirable to provide in. For example, the trash amount of sweet potato machine-cut by a harvesting machine is said to be 15-20% with respect to all the raw materials carried in, but after removing large stone blocks, rubble, earth and sand etc. in advance by dry method, The raw material is put into the aquarium based on the present invention, soaked for a short period of time, and the leaves (dead leaves), leaf sheaths, roots, dead stems, shoot heads, etc. are floated to separate and remove, and simultaneously into the stems. By washing and sedimenting the adhering earth and sand, only the washed cane can be taken out.
[0037]
The present invention further includes the above-described liquid tank, pump means for taking out a predetermined amount of liquid in the liquid tank, inclined screen means for removing unnecessary substances from the taken-out liquid, and the inclined screen means. Cleaning liquid regeneration system having sterilizing means for sterilizing the liquid, filtering means for filtering the sterilized liquid, and sterilizing means for sterilizing the liquid discharged from the filtering means It is good to have .
[0038]
In this regeneration system, the liquid taken out from the liquid tank is allowed to flow down from the upper part of the inclined screen means along the inclined screen under the supply of washing water, and the liquid discharged from the lower part is stored in the intermediate tank, and then the intermediate tank Then, after a predetermined residence time elapses, it is taken out and introduced into a flowing water type ultraviolet sterilizer, and further passed through a continuous washing and filtering device and then introduced into an irradiation type sterilizer, whereby a sterilized regenerated washing liquid can be obtained.
[0039]
With this regeneration system, the used cleaning liquid in the liquid tank can be regenerated as a cleaning liquid and used for a required application, for example, the regenerated cleaning liquid can be used as makeup water for the liquid tank.
[0040]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be described below.
[0041]
FIGS. 1-8 shows the 1st Example which applied this invention to the process of raw material sweet potato.
[0042]
First, about FIG. 7, the outline | summary (this is the same also in the other Example mentioned later) of the process before the pressing process in sugar production of raw material sweet potato is demonstrated.
[0043]
Raw material sweet potato (chopped cane) cut by a harvesting machine at the farm and loaded into the processing plant is placed on the belt conveyor (first leveler) A from the arrow a side, and the belt conveyor (chopped cane scraped up) perpendicular to the conveyor A (Scraper inclined conveyor) B is aligned and transferred in the longitudinal direction.
[0044]
After the raw material conveyed by the belt conveyor B is put into the drum type leaf removing machine C to remove the leaves, it is transferred to the belt conveyor D orthogonal to the leaf removing machine C, and the trash separation device according to the present invention is further provided. To E.
[0045]
The separation device E separates the trash, sorts and removes the stem portion, and a belt conveyor (clean cane conveyor belt conveyor) F in which only the selected stem is connected orthogonally to the front side end of the separation device E. After that, it is transferred to the belt conveyor (cane carrier) I via the inclined belt conveyor (clean cane conveying scraper conveyor) G and the horizontal belt conveyor (second leveler) H, and conveyed to the pressing process.
[0046]
In FIG. 7, the process stage J surrounded by the two-dot chain line has already been performed so far, and it is characteristic that a separation device E is added thereto.
[0047]
There are roughly two methods for separating trash from the raw material, a dry method and a wet method. In this embodiment, the trash is roughly divided by the dry equipment comprising the leveler A, the belt conveyor B and the leaf remover C. Then, in the separation apparatus E, wet separation with a water tank is sufficiently performed as described below. Accordingly, since dry separation and wet complete separation are used in combination, the trash can be almost completely removed, and the target sweet potato main stem portion can be sufficiently selected.
[0048]
That is, the trash amount of sweet potato machine-cut by the harvesting machine is 15-20% of the total raw materials carried in, but after removing large stone blocks, rubble, earth and sand and leaves beforehand by dry method, The raw material is put into the water tank of the separator E, and it is soaked for a short time by the wet method, and the leaves (dead leaves), leaf sheaths, roots, dead stems, bud heads, etc. are floated, separated and removed at the same time. Only the clean cane is taken out by washing, sedimenting and removing the soil adhering to the stem.
[0049]
Next, the trash separation method and apparatus of the present embodiment by the wet method described above will be described. 1 shows a trash separator E ₁ 2 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a side view taken along the line III-III in FIG.
[0050]
This trash separator E ₁ Is provided with a water tank 2A having a rectangular bottom plate 17 supported by a gantry 1A and linearly inclined from the front side to the end (rear) side where raw material sweet potato is introduced. On the bottom plate 17, a punch hole screen 16 provided with a large number of small holes is provided so as to cover the entire bottom surface with a certain distance from the bottom plate 17.
[0051]
At the top of the screen 16, an inclined chain conveyor 11 is installed along the bottom plate 17 as means for carrying out the object (main stem), and the rear end of the conveyor is located at the deepest bottom of the water tank 2A. The front end is exposed above the water tank 2A.
[0052]
On the conveyor 11, an endless chain 12 is stretched over a pulley 13a and a pulley 13b. On the surface of the chain 12, there is a scraper 15 for scraping up a clean cane (main stem part) that protrudes with a certain size and has a somewhat wide plate portion 15A and a narrow plate portion 15B in the width direction of the conveyor. They are provided at regular pitch intervals in the conveyor length direction (however, only a part is shown in FIG. 3). In this case, mud and water can pass between the narrow plate portions 15B. Further, the conveyor 11 is installed at a certain distance from the punch hole screen 16 so that the tip of the scraper 15 does not contact the punch hole screen 16.
[0053]
The conveyor 11 is driven by a motor 14 whose one pulley 13a shaft is provided at the top of the gantry 1A, whereby the chain 12 rotates counterclockwise in the direction of the arrow. In the aquarium 2A, a constant water volume 36 is maintained with the level of the water surface Wa determined by the balance between supply of makeup water and derivation of cleaning water, which will be described later, and the conveyor 11 is always submerged in the lower half. It has become.
[0054]
On the top of the gantry 1A, another gantry 1B is attached in an inclined state in advance. The gantry 1B supports an inclined chain conveyor 3 as a first unneeded material carry-out means such as a heel head. The conveyor 3 is inclined in a somewhat steep slope in the same direction as the belt conveyor 11 described above, and is composed of an endless chain 4 spanned between four pulleys 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5d. The pulley 5a is driven by the motor 6 provided above to rotate counterclockwise.
[0055]
In this conveyor 3, brush-shaped scrapers 7 provided on the chain 4 with constant dimensions are provided in the belt width direction, and are provided at constant pitch intervals in the belt length direction.
[0056]
Below this conveyor 3, a number of punched hole screens 8 with small holes are provided at regular intervals in parallel with the bottom surface (however, only a part of them is shown in FIG. 3). A bottom plate 9 is provided at a lower portion of the screen 8 with a certain interval.
[0057]
The punch hole screen 8 and the bottom plate 9 are approximately the same size and are installed so as to cover the bottom surface of the belt conveyor 3. The distance between the conveyor 3 and the screen 8 is the same as that of the conveyor 11 described above. The tip of the protruding scraper 7 is not in contact. The lower (front) end 3A of the conveyor 3 is positioned above the water surface Wa of the water tank 2A with a slight distance.
[0058]
The positional relationship between the carry-out (or transfer) conveyors 11 and 3 in the present embodiment is as described above, and both are installed in the width region along the length direction of the water tank 2A. It is small and advantageous. Then, the trash is carried out by the upper conveyor 3 and the main stem portion (clean cane) serving as a raw material for sugar is carried out by the lower conveyor 11. About these both conveyors, the action | operation state in the water surface Wa vicinity of the water tank 2A is shown by FIG.4 and FIG.5.
[0059]
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part near the lower part of the upper conveyor 3, and shows a situation in which trash is thrown out of the charged raw materials to be described later.
[0060]
As shown in the figure, the trash T mixed with the charged raw material is mainly the culm head, the cocoon leaf, the dead stalk, etc., and floats on the water surface Wa because of its low specific gravity. The water 36 in the vicinity of the water surface Wa of the water tank 2A is a water W circulation and air A, which will be described later. ₁ The flow of water is caused to flow forward (downstream) with the conveyance start point (lower end) side of the conveyor 3 as the upstream portion.
[0061]
Therefore, the floating trash T is pushed downstream, but a large number of wires 8B are placed below the surface of the perforated plate 8A provided at the lower end of the punch hole screen 8 installed below the conveyor 3 described above. So that the trash T is run on the wire 8B and concentrated on the lower end 8A.
[0062]
In this case, above the lower end portion 8A, the lower end portion 3A of the conveyor 3 is located away from the water surface Wa, and the air A is in the water near the water surface of the lower end portion 3A. ₂ Therefore, the trash T gathered under the lower end portion 3A due to the ejection of air is raised from the water surface. Therefore, even if the size of the heel head is long and short and there is something that sinks below the water surface, ₂ The brush-like scraper 7 provided on the chain 4 of the conveyor 3 can easily scrape off the trash T floating on the water surface, and the scraped trash T can be pushed over the punch hole screen 8. Carry while sliding.
[0063]
The punch hole screen 8 is provided with a large number of small holes 8a. Sludge also adheres to the trash T that has been scraped up, and these sludges having a high specific gravity are washed with water and most of them are separated from the trash T. The sludge m separated in this way flows down from the small hole 8a and returns to the water tank 36 again. The sludge m that has flowed down into the water tank 36 further sinks together with the stem portion having a large specific gravity among the input raw materials.
[0064]
Further, a water suction port 24 is provided in the vicinity of the water surface downstream of the nozzle 32, and the sucked water W is returned to the upstream side of the water tank 2A as the circulating water W through the pipe 25a.
[0065]
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part in the vicinity of the lower end of the intermediate conveyor 11. Among the charged raw materials, the heavy stem portion CN having a large specific gravity settles in the water tank 2A and gathers near the deepest part of the conveyor 11 or the water tank 2A. Then, the settled stem portion (and mud) is conveyed in the direction of the arrow along the chain 12 while being hooked by the scraper 15 provided on the chain 12 of the conveyor 11, and is sent to the front of the water tank 2A. It is done.
[0066]
In the water at the bottom of the water tank 2A, the settled sludge m is in a state of increasing the concentration of contamination. These sludge also settles on the surface of the punch hole screen 16 provided under the conveyor 11. The precipitated sludge m flows down from a large number of small holes 16 a provided in the screen 16 under the conveyor 11 and settles on the bottom plate 17.
[0067]
Therefore, a sludge suction port 20 is provided at the bottom of the deepest part of the water tank 2A, and is forcedly sucked and discharged by a pump 26 through a pipe 21a connected thereto.
[0068]
Trash separator E according to this embodiment ₁ As shown in FIG. 1, the raw material sweet potato R is transported by the conveyor 31a of the raw material carry-in device 31 connected to the upstream side of the water tank 2A, and is supplied into the water tank 2A from the hopper 31b. The raw materials are separated and sorted into trash T, stem CN and sludge m while being washed with water 36 by the conveyor 11 and the flow of water, and are carried out of the apparatus.
[0069]
That is, the main stalk, which is the raw material for sugar, is washed with fresh water by the nozzle 35 provided near the front end of the lower inclined conveyor 11, and then dropped into the hopper 18, and is made by the belt conveyor F perpendicular thereto. It is conveyed to a process line (squeezing process etc .: see FIG. 7).
[0070]
Then, the trash is carried out by a belt conveyor 10 orthogonal to the front end of the upper inclined conveyor 3 and stored in a trash hopper (not shown). The sludge is treated in such a way that after transporting it to a sludge separation tank (not shown), the water and mud settle and separate, then the water discharges the supernatant water, and the mud returns to the farm together with the trash. The
[0071]
In order to make each carry-out mechanism of the present embodiment function efficiently and smoothly, various ideas as shown in FIG. 6 are made. That is, as described above, in order to generate water flow only on the water surface portion of the water tank 2A and to make it easy to scrape the trash, the pump 26 shown in FIG. The water is led to the pump 26 through the pipe 25a, and further led to the water outlet 28 provided on the water surface upstream of the water tank by the pipe 25b to discharge water backward. In addition, an air blowing nozzle 29 for blowing air from the blower 34 through the pipe 30 is installed in the upstream portion of the water tank, and the air A is obliquely upward on the water surface. ₁ In combination with the water discharge from the water outlet 28, the water surface is caused to flow.
[0072]
Further, a water outlet 33 is provided in the upstream side wall of the water tank 2A, and a certain amount of water CW extracted is regenerated in a washing water recycling system, which will be described later, and used again as water addition (makeup water) to the water tank. The
[0073]
The amount of water in the water tank 2A needs to be separated and selected in a short time while maintaining a constant amount. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 2, supply water SW is supplied together with the raw material, the amount of water in the water tank 2A is always kept constant, and the retention time of the raw material is adjusted to separate the trash and wash the target object. Can be effective.
[0074]
Also, if the soaking time (residence time) of the raw material in the water tank is too short, separation and washing will be insufficient, and if it is too long, the amount of sugar elution will increase. Is desirable.
[0075]
Trash separator E described above ₁ A large amount of water is used in Japan, but the used wash water also contains sugar eluted from the raw material and earth and sand adhering to the surface of the raw material. Therefore, the used washing water contains live bacteria contained in the earth and sand and live bacteria detached from the surface of the raw material, and discarding them as it is becomes a pollution source for rivers and the like. For this reason, the used water is successively sterilized or sterilized to regenerate clean water, which is then converted into trash separation device E. ₁ It is desirable to reuse it for many purposes, such as returning to, in terms of recovering sugar, saving water resources, and reducing costs.
[0076]
Therefore, in the trash separation method and apparatus according to the present embodiment described above, a part of the water CW used in the water tank 2A is extracted, and this is regenerated into clean washing water by a system as shown in FIG. It is desirable that the sugar content is recovered by returning it to the water tank 2A as replenishing water, or used as water for other purposes (this may be applied to other examples described later as well).
[0077]
That is, a predetermined amount of water CW taken out from the water outlet 33 of the washing water tank 2A is filtered under the injection of fresh water PW in the inclined screen 65 while returning a part of CW ′ to the water tank 2A as necessary. The earth and sand S is removed and guided to the intermediate tank 66. In this intermediate tank 66, sludge remaining and mixed is further precipitated, and the supernatant water is guided to a flowing water type ultraviolet sterilizer 67 for primary sterilization or sterilization treatment.
[0078]
This sterilized water is then sent to a continuous washing and filtering device 68 where it is filtered under the supply of compressed air CA and regenerated to almost complete fresh water. However, since this fresh water has not yet been completely sterilized, it can be reused at this stage for applications where this water can be used as it is. Introduced into device 69.
[0079]
And at this stage, it is completely sterilized and regenerated into complete fresh water. The water RW regenerated in this manner is stored in the treated water tank 70, and is sent from the treated water tank 70 to each application by a pump.
[0080]
In FIG. 8, a portion of the reclaimed water RW that is used as water addition (replenishment water) SW to the water tank 2A is injected through the pipe 37 (see FIG. 2), and as water PW supplied to the inclined screen 65 The amount to be used may be supplied through the automatic washing machine 64.
[0081]
FIGS. 9-12 shows the 2nd Example which applied this invention to the process of raw material sweet potato.
[0082]
FIG. 9 shows a trash separator E according to this embodiment. ₂ FIG. 10 is a plan view thereof. Trash separator E according to this embodiment ₂ In the trash separator E according to the first embodiment described above ₁ Common parts are denoted by common reference numerals and description thereof may be omitted.
[0083]
Trash separator E according to this embodiment ₂ Although the water tank 2B is supported by the gantry 1B, the upper, middle and lower carrying-out means are respectively attached to the water tank in the width region along the length direction of the apparatus.
[0084]
That is, an inclined belt conveyor 39 (which may be a chain conveyor) serving as an upper carrying-out means is supported by a gantry 1B, and one end below the endless belt 40 spanned between two pulleys 38a and 38b is a water tank. It is sunk under the water surface Wa of 2B. A substantially V-shaped scraper 41 is provided on the conveyor 39, and is structured to rotate clockwise.
[0085]
Below the conveyor 39, a chain conveyor 45 for carrying out the main stem portion similar to that described above is bridged between the pulleys 42a and 42b, and is arranged rotatably by the motor 14 in the counterclockwise direction. The endless chain 42 of the conveyor 45 is also provided with a scraper 44 similar to that described above. A trash guide 39A is provided near the lower end.
[0086]
Furthermore, a screw conveyor 48 having a conveying screw 48a is provided at the bottom of the water tank 2B as a lower stage dirty material carrying means.
[0087]
In addition, a screw 70 for forming a water flow forward is provided on the raw material charging side of the water tank 2B, and the water is returned from the drain port 71 for draining the overflowed water to the upstream side water inlet 72. Water is introduced into the aquarium to form a forward water flow. Thus, the trash can be easily scraped up by the conveyor 39. Of course, the water flow forming means as described in FIG. 1 may be adopted.
[0088]
In this embodiment, the operation states of the end portions of the carry-out means on the raw material input side (rear side) of the water tank are shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, respectively.
[0089]
That is, in FIG. 11, by the rotation of the conveyor 39, the scraper 41 scoops up the trash T floating on the water surface and carries it out in the direction of the arrow. In order to improve the efficiency of scooping up the trash, the scraper 41 is formed to have a V-shape bent toward the rotation rear side at the center.
[0090]
In this case, since the lower end portion of the conveyor 39 is submerged, the punch hole screen and the bottom plate as in the first embodiment described above are unnecessary, and these are not provided here.
[0091]
FIG. 12 shows the main part near the lower end of the intermediate conveyor 45, and shows the operation of the conveyor 45 and the screw conveyor 48 which is the lower carrying-out means. The middle conveyor 45 has the same function as the conveyor 11 of the first embodiment described above.
[0092]
In this embodiment, the sludge m precipitated on the bottom plate 46 is pumped by the conveying screw 48a of the screen conveyor 48 formed in a spiral shape. That is, since the shaft of the screw 48a is driven by the motor 49 and the accumulated sludge m is forcibly fed to the discharge pipe 21a, the sludge can be discharged well.
[0093]
FIGS. 13 to 15 show a third embodiment in which the present invention is applied to the processing of raw material sweet potato.
[0094]
FIG. 13 shows a trash separator E according to this embodiment. _Three FIG. 14 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 15 is a sectional view taken along line XV-XV in FIG. Trash separator E according to this embodiment _Three In the trash separator E according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above ₁ , E ₂ Common parts are denoted by common reference numerals and description thereof may be omitted.
[0095]
Trash separator E according to this embodiment _Three In addition, a water tank 2C is installed supported by the gantry 1C. In this water tank, middle and lower carrying-out means 45 and 48 are respectively attached in the width region along the length direction of the apparatus. On the other hand, two upper carrying means 53 are installed laterally in the width direction of the apparatus, and the trash T carried out by the carrying means is carried out in the lateral direction.
[0096]
That is, as shown in FIG. 15, the upper two chain conveyors 53 carrying out the trash T floating on the water surface of the water tank 2C are both connected to a drive motor 57 and driven by a pulley 54a and a pulley. An endless chain 55 is bridged between 54b and 54c, and rotates along the arrow.
[0097]
The chain 55 is provided with a hard brush 56 as a scraper in the width direction at regular intervals in the conveyor length direction. In addition, the pulley 54a is inclined downward by the pulley 54b with the pulley 54a as the apex, and the pulleys 54b and 54c are horizontally disposed with a certain distance from the water surface Wa.
[0098]
A punch hole screen 58 provided with a large number of small holes is provided below the conveyor 53 in parallel with the inclined line formed by the pulleys 54a and 54b, as in the first embodiment described above. It is installed to cover. Furthermore, the bottom plate 59 of the conveyor frame is located below, and each interval between the chain 55, the punch hole screen 58, and the bottom plate 59 (the lower ends thereof are submerged below the surface of the water) is the same as that described above. The positional relationship is the same as in the first embodiment.
[0099]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15, the brush 56 provided on the chain 55 drags the trash T floating on the water surface to the punch hole screen 58 and conveys the trash T as the chain 55 rotates, It is transported to the outlet 60 on the side of the upper end and transferred to another belt conveyor 61 orthogonal to the conveyor 53.
[0100]
In this embodiment, the upper carry-out means 53 is disposed sideways, but by providing two in the length direction of the apparatus, the trash can be sufficiently separated.
[0101]
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above-described embodiments can be further modified based on the technical idea of the present invention.
[0102]
For example, the structure of each carry-out means described above, the carry-out direction and the like may be variously changed, and the arrangement relationship of each carry-out means with respect to the water tank is not limited to that described above. More specifically, as a conveyor, not only a chain conveyor but also a belt conveyor and other means can be adopted.
[0104]
[Effects of the invention]
In the present invention, as described above, when separating an unnecessary object from a target object, the first unnecessary object existing in the vicinity of the liquid surface of the liquid tank (and thus having a low specific gravity) is carried out and is present at the bottom of the liquid tank. Since the second unnecessary material (thus having a large specific gravity) is carried out, and the target object (hence the intermediate specific gravity) present on the bottom side of the liquid tank is carried out, the first and second to be separated. The unnecessary material can be separated from the target material using the difference in specific gravity, and can be effectively separated and transported without substantial mixing. For this reason, it is possible to take out the target object by reducing the amount of unwanted substances mixed as much as possible and send it to the subsequent processing steps, and to perform processing such as squeezing of the main stem of sweet potato without any trouble. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a trash separation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a plan view of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a side view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part near the lower end of the upper conveyor of the trash separator.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part in the vicinity of the lower end of the middle conveyor of the trash separator.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an outline of a main part of the mechanism of the trash separation device.
FIG. 7 is a layout diagram showing a process before the sweet potato pressing process including the trash separation process.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a used water regeneration treatment system in the trash separator.
FIG. 9 is a front view of a trash separation apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a plan view of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part near the lower end of the upper conveyor of the trash separator.
FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the main part near the lower end of the middle conveyor of the trash separator.
FIG. 13 is a front view of a trash separation apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
14 is a plan view of FIG.
15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XV-XV in FIGS. 13 and 14. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1A, 1B, 1C ... mount
2A, 2B, 2C ... Water tank
3, 39, 53 ... Upper conveyor
4, 12, 40, 55 ... conveyor chain or belt
7, 15, 41, 44, 56 ... scraper
8, 16, 47 ... punch hole screen
9, 17, 46, 59 ... bottom plate
10, 61, A, B, D, F, G, H, I ... Belt conveyor
11, 45 ... Middle conveyor
20 ... Sludge inlet
24 ・ ・ ・ Circulating water inlet
28 ... Circulating water outlet
29, 32 ・ ・ ・ Air blowing nozzle
31 ... Raw material loading device
33 ... Regeneration water outlet
35 ... Cleaning nozzle
48 ・ ・ ・ Screw conveyor
64 ... Automatic washing machine
65 ・ ・ ・ Inclined screen
66 ・ ・ ・ Intermediate tank
67 ・ ・ ・ Flowing UV sterilizer
68 ・ ・ ・ Continuous cleaning filter
69 ・ ・ ・ Irradiation type sterilizer
70 ... treated water tank
A ₁ , A ₂ ···air
C ... Drum type leaf removal machine
CN ... stem
CW ... used water
E, E ₁ , E ₂ , E _Three ... Trash separator
m ... sludge
RW ... Regenerated washing water
SW ... makeup water
T ... Trash
Wa ... water surface
W ... water

Claims (22)

The raw sugar cane which contaminants are mixed and charged into the water tank with makeup water, upon separating the contaminants as a unnecessary matter, while adjusting the water amount of the water tank, floating on the liquid surface near the water tank 稍頭unit,蔗葉and a first undesired consisting of dead stalks etc. unloaded raised off from the liquid surface of the tub, said desired product ing from the settled main stem portion on the bottom of the water tank for unloaded along the inclined bottom of the tank, unloading the second unwanted matter Do that from the mud-like material which settled to the bottom portion of the water tank from the deepest position of the rear side of the bottom portion, unnecessary from the main stem of the sugar cane method of separating things. The method for separating unwanted substances according to claim 1, wherein the raw material sweet potato mixed with unwanted substances is treated by a dry method to roughly separate unwanted substances in advance and then charged into a water tank. It is taken out a predetermined amount of water from the water tank, and supplies the amount of makeup water corresponding thereto to adjust the water amount of the water tank, unwanted matter separation method according to claim 1 or 2. The raw sugar cane that undesired substances are mixed and charged at one end position of the longitudinal direction in the water tank, in front of the end position to unload the first unnecessary matter, the along the length wherein the desired product is unloaded from the water tank bottom on to the front elevated forward Te, unloading the from the bottom subordinate to the side of said end positions the second unwanted matter, any of claims 1-3 1 Unnecessary material separation method described in the item . The first unnecessary matter unloaded along the length of the water tank to the front of the water tank, unwanted matter separation method according to any one of claims 1-4. The first unnecessary matter unloaded along the width direction of the water tank, unwanted matter separation method according to any one of claims 1-4. Water tank to the front side in the longitudinal direction so as to cause the flow of water, said water in the water tank vent from the front side, toward the end position of its rear side to its front side to the water tank The method for separating unwanted matter according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the method is refluxed. Water tank to the front side in the longitudinal direction so as to cause the flow of water, blowing a gas toward the end position of the rear side of the water tank to the front on the liquid surface, more of claims 1 to 7 2. The method for separating unnecessary substances described in item 1. The gas according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein gas is ejected from a liquid surface in the vicinity of an end on the rear side of the unloading means for unloading the first unnecessary material, and the floating first unnecessary material is floated on the liquid surface. The method for separating unnecessary substances described in item 1. The raw sugar cane which contaminants are mixed and charged into the water tank with makeup water, to separate the contaminants as a unnecessary matter, met apparatus for separating the unnecessary material from the main stem of the sugar cane, the water of the water tank and adjusting means for adjusting the amount 稍頭unit floating on the liquid surface near the water tank, first to be unloaded scraped up the first unwanted consisting of蔗葉and dead stalks and the like from the surface of the water tub and unloading means, and a second unloading means for unloading the said object comprising a main stem portion and settle on the bottom of the water tank along the inclined bottom of the tub, the slurry product was settled to the bottom of the water tank the second unnecessary composed of a third unloading means for unloading from the deepest position of the rear side of the bottom device for separating the unnecessary material from the main stem of the cane. The unneeded matter separation device according to claim 10, wherein a dry removal means for roughly removing unwanted items is provided in a front stage of the water tank. Water amount adjusting means of the water tank, and retrieval means for retrieving a predetermined amount of water from the water tank, consist supply means for supplying replenishing water in an amount corresponding to the extraction amount to claim 10 or 11 Undesired material separation device described. The raw sugar cane which unwanted matter is mixed further comprising a charging means for charging at one end position of the longitudinal direction in the water tank, the first unwanted matter in front of the end position is carried out the is unloaded the desired product from the bottom of the water tank rises forward to the front along the longitudinal direction, the second unwanted matter from the bottom subordinate to the side of the end position is carried out, wherein Item 13. The unnecessary material separation device according to any one of Items 10 to 12 . The first undesired substances is carried out to the front of the water tank along the length of the water tank, undesired substance separating device as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 12. The first undesired substances is carried out along the width direction of the water tank, undesired substance separating device as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 1 2. The unnecessary object separation according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein the first or second unloading means is formed by an endless conveyor provided with a scraper for scraping out the first unnecessary object or target object. apparatus. On the bottom wall of the water tank at a predetermined interval is provided a partition plate with apertures, the second unnecessary substances in said water tank are collected between the partition plate and the bottom wall through the passage hole The unwanted matter separation device according to any one of claims 10 to 16, configured as described above. Third discharge means consists of a discharge hole and the suction pump provided on the deepest position of the bottom of the water tank, undesired substance separation apparatus as claimed in claim 10. A third discharge means, a screw conveyor which is provided on the bottom of the water tank, and a discharge hole formed in the deepest position of the water tank, consist a suction pump, unnecessary matter separation device according to claim 10. Water tank to the front side in the longitudinal direction so as to cause the flow of water, said water in the water tank vent from the front side, toward the end position of its rear side to its front side to the water tank The unwanted substance separation device according to any one of claims 10 to 19, further comprising a water reflux means for refluxing. To produce a flow of water toward the front side in the longitudinal direction of the water tank, further comprising a gas blowing means blowing gas toward the end position of the rear side of the water tank to the front on the liquid surface, wherein Item 10. The unnecessary material separating apparatus according to any one of Items 10 to 20. The apparatus further includes an unnecessary object floating means for ejecting a gas from a liquid surface near an end portion on the rear side of the unloading means for unloading the first unnecessary object and floating the first unnecessary object on the liquid surface. Item 10. The unwanted substance separation device according to any one of Items 10 to 21.

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