JP3665114B2 - Four-wheel drive device for vehicle - Google Patents

Four-wheel drive device for vehicle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3665114B2
JP3665114B2 JP27375195A JP27375195A JP3665114B2 JP 3665114 B2 JP3665114 B2 JP 3665114B2 JP 27375195 A JP27375195 A JP 27375195A JP 27375195 A JP27375195 A JP 27375195A JP 3665114 B2 JP3665114 B2 JP 3665114B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
gear
planetary gear
wheel
differential
transmission
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP27375195A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0986201A (en
Inventor
浩行 桐生
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Subaru Corp
Original Assignee
Fuji Jukogyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Jukogyo KK filed Critical Fuji Jukogyo KK
Priority to JP27375195A priority Critical patent/JP3665114B2/en
Publication of JPH0986201A publication Critical patent/JPH0986201A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3665114B2 publication Critical patent/JP3665114B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、自動車等の車両用4輪駆動装置に関し、特に前後輪へのトルク配分を可変にすると共に、変速機の使用ギヤに応じて差動制限時の前後輪回転数差を可変として前後輪スリップ率を可変制御する車両用4輪駆動装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、車両の走行安定性を向上するために、エンジンの動力を前後輪に伝達する4輪駆動装置が開発され実用化されている。また、前後輪への駆動力を配分するために、後輪偏重の不等トルク配分式のセンタ−デフを有するものが例えば特開平2−290737号公報などで広く公知となっている。
【0003】
このように従来から公知の前後輪トルク可変型の4輪駆動装置を図5を参照して説明すると、車体前方に設置されたエンジン1からクラッチ2を介して遊星歯車式センタ−デフ3に入力した駆動力はフロントドライブ軸からフロントデフ4、左右の車軸5、を介して前輪6FR、6FLに伝動されるとともに、ドリブンギヤ7、延長軸8、変速機9、リヤドライブ軸10、リヤデフ11、左右の車軸12を介して後輪6RR、6RLに伝動構成されている。また遊星歯車式センタ−デフ3による前輪側トルクTF と後輪側トルクTR の配分比はサンギヤ35の歯数ZS 、リングギヤ34の歯数ZR により次式に示すように自由に設定できる。
TF :TR =ZS :(ZR −ZS )
ここで、例えばZS =37、ZR =82にすると、
TF :TR =37:(82−37)
になる。従って前後輪トルク配分は
TF :TR ≒45:55
になり、充分に後輪偏重の基準トルク配分に設定し得るものである。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、上記先行技術のものにあっては、前後輪のトルク配分が常に一定であることから運転状況に応じたトルク配分が行えず、ドライバの感性に合った走行ができない。
【0005】
さらに、フロントエンジンの車では車体前方が重いため、バランスの良い運動特性が得られない。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで、本発明による請求項1記載の車両用4輪駆動装置では、エンジンの出力を遊星歯車式センタデフのキャリアに導きこのキャリア上のピニオンギヤに噛み合うリングギヤを前輪側車軸へ、サンギヤを変速機、リヤドライブ軸を介して後輪側車軸に導くよう構成したものにおいて、上記エンジンとクラッチを介して伝動構成されたキャリア、上記変速機の入力側に伝動構成されたサンギヤ、上記リヤドライブ軸に伝動構成されたリングギヤとからなる遊星歯車式差動制限装置を有し、上記遊星歯車式作動制限装置のギヤ比を上記遊星歯車式センタデフのギヤ比と僅かに異ならせたことを特徴としている。
【0007】
さらに本発明による請求項2記載の車両用4輪駆動装置では、請求項1記載の特徴に加えて、上記エンジンが前後両方に出力軸を有し、前方の出力軸側に前記遊星歯車式センタデフを、後方の出力軸側に前記遊星歯車式差動制限装置を配置したことを特徴としている。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照して車両用4輪駆動装置に関わる本発明の実施形態を説明する。図1に示すように、エンジン1からクラッチ2を介して遊星歯車式センタ−デフ3に入力した駆動力はフロントドライブ軸からフロントデフ4、左右の車軸5、を介して前輪6FR、6FLに伝動されるとともに、ドリブンギヤ7、延長軸8、変速機9、リヤドライブ軸10、リヤデフ11、左右の車軸12を介して後輪6RR、6RLに伝動構成されている。
【0009】
遊星歯車式センタ−デフ3は図2に詳述するように、クラッチ2に結合された出力軸31がキャリア32に固定され、このキャリア32に複数個回転可能に軸支されたピニオンギヤ33が前輪に伝動構成されたリングリヤ34と、後輪に伝動構成されたサンギヤ35に噛み合っている。
【0010】
リングギヤ34に結合されたフロントドライブ軸36は先端で従来から公知のフロントデフ4のケ−シングに伝動構成されている。また、サンギヤ35は軸38を介してエンジン1側に設けられたドライブギヤ37がドリブンギヤ7に噛み合い、延長軸8等を経て後輪側に伝動構成されている。
【0011】
遊星歯車式センタ−デフ3による前後輪へのトルク配分は、従来と同様に、サンギヤ35とリングギヤ34の歯数をZS =37、ZR =82にすることにより、
TF :TR =37:(82−37)
としてTF :TR ≒45:55の後輪偏重の基準トルク配分に設定している。
【0012】
一方、変速機9は手動変速機であり、入力軸である延長軸8上に固定された互いに径の異なる1速から5速までの5つの駆動側歯車91、92、93、94、95と、リヤドライブ軸10上に回転可能な状態で設けられ5つの駆動側歯車91〜95にそれぞれ噛み合った従動歯車101、102、103、104、105と、ドライバの操作によりリヤドライブ軸10と従動歯車101〜105のうちの一つを固定する固定手段とから構成される。
【0013】
リヤドライブ軸10はその後端で、従来から公知のリヤデフ11のケ−シングに伝動構成されており、リヤデフ12の左右から車軸12を介して後輪6RR、6RLに伝動構成されている。
【0014】
本発明では特に、エンジン1の出力軸を後輪側にも設け、油圧クラッチ13、遊星歯車式差動制限装置14を介してリヤドライブ軸10と伝動構成したものである。この遊星歯車式差動制限装置14は図3に詳述するように、油圧クラッチ13に結合された駆動軸141がキャリア142に固定され、このキャリア142に複数個回転可能に軸支されたピニオンギヤ143が後輪に伝動構成されたリングリヤ144と、変速機入力軸に相当する延長軸8に固定された伝動歯車15に噛み合うドリブンギヤ146に軸147により結合されたサンギヤ145により伝動構成されている。
【0015】
このように構成された車両用4輪駆動装置では、エンジン出力回転数をN、トルクをTとして各軸の回転数とトルクを求めると、遊星歯車式センタデフ3によるトルク配分のみの構成では遊星歯車式センタデフ3のギヤ比(リングギヤ34の歯数ZR /サンギヤ35の歯数ZS )=ic とおくと、
N1 +ic N2=(ic+1)N0 …(1)
ただし、N1 は軸38の回転数、N2 はフロントドライブ軸36の回転数、N0 は出力軸31の回転数である。また、ドライブギヤ37とドリブンギヤ7のギヤ比をid とおくと、
N1 =id *N3 …(2)
ただし、N3 は延長軸8の回転数である。また変速機9を5速として1速から5速のそれぞれのギヤ比をiek(k =1、2、3、4、5)とおくと、
N3 =iek*N5 …(3)
ただし、N5 は、リヤドライブ軸10の回転数である。前後輪の回転数が同じである場合には、
N2 =N5 …(4)
となる。(1)〜(4)式から、
N0 =(ic +id *iek)/(ic +1)*N5 …(5)
ここで、通常の変速機ギヤ比に相当するN0 /N5 =itkとすると、
itk=(ic +id *iek)/(ic +1) …(6)
となる。
【0016】
変速ギヤ比iekを1速でie1=4.000、2速でie2=2.200、3速でie3=1.300、4速でie4=0.750、5速でie5=0.333と設定し、ic =3、id =3とすると、ト−タル変速ギヤ比itkがit1=3.750、it2=2.400、it3=1.725、it4=1.315、it5=1.000となる。
【0017】
また、遊星歯車式センタデフ3のトルク配分のみの構成による前後トルク配分は、遊星歯車式センタデフ3におけるトルク配分は、軸38のトルクをT1 、フロントドライブ軸36のトルクをT2 とおくと、
T2 =ic *T1 …(7)
となる。延長軸8のトルクをT3 とおくと、
T3 =id *T1 …(8)
となり、さらにリヤドライブ軸10のトルクをT5 とすると、
T5 =iek*T3 …(9)
となる。従って、(7)〜(9)式から、前後トルク配分(TF :TR )は、
TF :TR =T2 :T5 =ic :id *iek …(10)
(10)式により変速ギヤ比ie1=4.000ではTF :TR =20:80、ie5=0.333ではTF :TR =75:25のように決定される。
【0018】
一方、スリップ発生時の前後輪回転数は、遊星歯車式差動制限装置14のギヤ比をif 、軸147の回転数をi6 とすると、
N6 +if *N5 =(if +1)*N4 …(11)
ここで、伝動歯車15とドリブンギヤ146のギヤ比を同一とすれば、
N6 =N1 …(12)
また、スリップ発生時で油圧多板クラッチ13を完全に締結すれば、
N4 =N6 =N0 …(13)
(12)、(13)式より(11)式は、
N1 +if *N5 =(if +1)*N0 …(14)
(1)〜(3)式ならびに(14)式より、

Figure 0003665114
前輪に対する後輪の回転数比N5 /N2 =irkとおくと、
Figure 0003665114
となり、この式に遊星歯車式差動制限装置14のギヤ比if =3.1とすると、ie1=4.000ではir1=1.098、ie5=0.333ではir5=1.000となる。尚、ギヤ比if は、遊星歯車式センタデフ3のギヤ比ic と若干異ならせている。これらの数値をまとめて表1に示す。
【0019】
【表1】
Figure 0003665114
【0020】
このように構成された本発明では、油圧クラッチ13をオフした状態では従来と同様にエンジン1の出力が遊星歯車式センタデフ3により前後輪に所定のトルク配分比により駆動力伝達を行う。そして変速機9により設定した所定の減速比に回転数が設定される。この場合、配分された後輪トルクTR は変速機9を介しているため低速ギヤでは後輪偏重、高速ギヤでは前輪偏重となることから、低速ギヤほど操縦性が良好、高速ギヤほど安定性が良好となる。尚、油圧クラッチ13をオフしているため、遊星歯車式差動制限装置14のキャリア142にエンジンの駆動力が伝達されず、伝動歯車15、ドリブン歯車146を介して回転するサンギヤ145と、リヤドライブ軸10を介して回転するキャリア144との間に回転数差が生じた場合には、ピニオンギヤ143がこれを吸収するため差動制限装置としての機能をなさない。
【0021】
一方、油圧クラッチ13をオンした状態では、エンジンの駆動力が2系統から遊星歯車式差動制限装置14に入力される。すなわち、1系統は油圧クラッチ13がオフの場合と同様に、クラッチ2、遊星歯車式センタデフ3、ドリブンギヤ7、延長軸8、伝動歯車15、ドリブンギヤ146を介したサンギヤ145であり、他方としては油圧クラッチ13、キャリア142を介したピニオンギヤ143である。そしてリングギヤ144はリヤドライブ軸10に伝動構成される。
【0022】
このため、図4に示すように前輪回転数に相当するサンギヤ145と後輪回転数に相当するリングギヤ144の回転数をエンジン1に直結したピニオンギヤ143が自転しながら公転することでリングギヤ144側を増速回転させる。具体的数値は表1に示すように、1速の1.098から5速の1.000までの間で前輪に対する後輪の回転数を可変にしている。
【0023】
このように、変速機9の入出力回転数差の大きい低速ギヤほど遊星歯車式差動制限装置14の差動回転数も大きくなり、センタデフ3との間に設定した僅かなギヤ比の違いにより回転数差がさらに大きくなることから前後輪の回転数差が発生する。従って低速ギヤほど後輪のスリップ率を大きくし、駆動時の操縦を良好にし、制動時の安定性を確保する。また、高速ギヤほど前後輪回転数差を小さくするため直結4輪駆動にしてあらゆる状況での安定性を確保する。
【0024】
以上、本発明の実施の態様を添付した図面をもとに説明してきたが、変速機は手動式に限らず自動変速機、無段変速機などあらゆる形式の変速機でも良いし、ギヤ比の数値も適宜選択し得るものである。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したように、本発明の請求項1に係る車両用4輪駆動装置では、エンジンの出力を遊星歯車式センタデフのキャリアに導きこのキャリア上のピニオンギヤに噛み合うリングギヤを前輪側車軸へ、サンギヤを変速機、リヤドライブ軸を介して後輪側車軸に導くよう構成したものにおいて、上記エンジンとクラッチを介して伝動構成されたキャリア、上記変速機の入力側に伝動構成されたサンギヤ、上記リヤドライブ軸に伝動構成されたリングギヤとからなる遊星歯車式差動制限装置を有し、上記遊星歯車式作動制限装置のギヤ比を上記遊星歯車式センタデフのギヤ比と僅かに異ならせたことで、低速ギヤでトルク配分を後輪偏重で後輪回転数を前輪に比べて大とし、高速ギヤでトルク配分を前輪偏重で後輪回転数を前輪とほぼ等しくする特性にすることができ、ドライバの感性に合った走行が行える。
【0026】
さらに請求項2記載の車両用四輪駆動装置では、エンジンを前後両方に出力軸を有し、前方の出力軸側に前記遊星歯車式センタデフを、後方の出力軸側に前記遊星歯車式差動制限装置を配置したことで、エンジンは車体の中央部近くに配置されたミッドシップタイプにすることができ、バランスの良い運動特性が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る車両用4輪駆動装置の全体構成図である。
【図2】遊星歯車式センタデフの拡大説明図である。
【図3】本発明に係る車両用4輪駆動装置の遊星歯車式差動制限装置の拡大説明図である。
【図4】図3の斜視図である。
【図5】従来の車両用4輪駆動装置の全体構成図である。
【符号の説明】
1 エンジン
2 クラッチ
3 遊星歯車式センタデフ
4 フロントデフ
8 延長軸
9 変速機
10 リヤドライブ軸
11 リヤデフ
13 油圧クラッチ
14 遊星歯車式差動制限装置[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a four-wheel drive device for a vehicle such as an automobile, and in particular, to change the torque distribution to the front and rear wheels and to change the front and rear wheel speed difference at the time of differential limitation according to the gear used for the transmission. The present invention relates to a vehicle four-wheel drive device that variably controls a wheel slip ratio.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to improve running stability of a vehicle, a four-wheel drive device that transmits engine power to front and rear wheels has been developed and put into practical use. Further, in order to distribute the driving force to the front and rear wheels, those having an unequal torque distribution type center differential of rear wheel weight deviation are widely known, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-290737.
[0003]
A conventionally known four-wheel drive device with variable front and rear wheel torque will be described with reference to FIG. 5. The engine 1 installed in front of the vehicle body is input to the planetary gear type center differential 3 via the clutch 2. The driving force transmitted from the front drive shaft to the front wheels 6FR and 6FL via the front differential 4 and the left and right axles 5, and the driven gear 7, the extension shaft 8, the transmission 9, the rear drive shaft 10, the rear differential 11, and the left and right Is transmitted to the rear wheels 6RR and 6RL via the axle 12. Further, the distribution ratio between the front wheel side torque TF and the rear wheel side torque TR by the planetary gear type center differential 3 can be freely set by the number of teeth ZS of the sun gear 35 and the number of teeth ZR of the ring gear 34 as shown in the following equation.
TF: TR = ZS: (ZR-ZS)
Here, for example, if ZS = 37 and ZR = 82,
TF: TR = 37: (82-37)
become. Therefore, the front and rear wheel torque distribution is TF: TR≈45: 55
Thus, the reference torque distribution of the rear wheel deviation can be set sufficiently.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the prior art, the torque distribution of the front and rear wheels is always constant. Therefore, the torque distribution according to the driving situation cannot be performed, and the vehicle cannot travel according to the driver's sensitivity.
[0005]
Furthermore, since the front of the vehicle is heavy in a front engine vehicle, a well-balanced motion characteristic cannot be obtained.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in the four-wheel drive system for a vehicle according to the first aspect of the present invention, the ring gear that guides the output of the engine to the carrier of the planetary gear type center differential gear and meshes with the pinion gear on the carrier is set to the front wheel side axle, the sun gear is set to the transmission, In the structure which is guided to the rear wheel side axle through the drive shaft, the carrier is configured to be transmitted via the engine and the clutch, the sun gear is configured to be transmitted to the input side of the transmission, and the transmission configuration is configured to the rear drive shaft. A planetary gear type differential limiting device comprising a ring gear, and the gear ratio of the planetary gear type operation limiting device is slightly different from the gear ratio of the planetary gear type center differential.
[0007]
Furthermore, in the vehicle four-wheel drive device according to claim 2 according to the present invention, in addition to the feature according to claim 1, the engine has an output shaft on both front and rear sides, and the planetary gear type center differential on the front output shaft side. The planetary gear type differential limiting device is arranged on the rear output shaft side.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention relating to a four-wheel drive device for a vehicle will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the driving force input from the engine 1 to the planetary gear type center differential 3 via the clutch 2 is transmitted from the front drive shaft to the front wheels 6FR and 6FL via the front differential 4 and the left and right axles 5. At the same time, it is transmitted to the rear wheels 6RR and 6RL via a driven gear 7, an extension shaft 8, a transmission 9, a rear drive shaft 10, a rear differential 11, and left and right axles 12.
[0009]
As described in detail in FIG. 2, the planetary gear type center differential 3 has an output shaft 31 coupled to the clutch 2 fixed to a carrier 32, and a plurality of pinion gears 33 rotatably supported on the carrier 32 are provided on the front wheels. Is engaged with a ring rear 34 that is configured to transmit power to a sun gear 35 that is configured to transmit power to a rear wheel.
[0010]
A front drive shaft 36 coupled to the ring gear 34 is configured to transmit at a tip thereof to a conventionally known casing of the front differential 4. Further, the sun gear 35 is configured such that a drive gear 37 provided on the engine 1 side via a shaft 38 meshes with the driven gear 7 and is transmitted to the rear wheel side via an extension shaft 8 and the like.
[0011]
Torque distribution to the front and rear wheels by the planetary gear type center differential 3 is made by setting the number of teeth of the sun gear 35 and the ring gear 34 to ZS = 37 and ZR = 82, as in the prior art.
TF: TR = 37: (82-37)
TF: TR≈45: 55 is set to the reference torque distribution of rear wheel deviation.
[0012]
On the other hand, the transmission 9 is a manual transmission, and has five drive side gears 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, which are fixed on an extension shaft 8 serving as an input shaft and have different diameters from the first to fifth gears. The driven gears 101, 102, 103, 104, and 105 that are rotatably provided on the rear drive shaft 10 and mesh with the five driving gears 91 to 95, respectively, and the rear drive shaft 10 and the driven gear according to the driver's operation. It is comprised from the fixing means which fixes one of 101-105.
[0013]
The rear drive shaft 10 is configured to transmit at the rear end thereof to a conventionally known casing of the rear differential 11 and is configured to be transmitted from the left and right sides of the rear differential 12 to the rear wheels 6RR and 6RL via the axle 12.
[0014]
In the present invention, in particular, the output shaft of the engine 1 is also provided on the rear wheel side, and is configured to transmit with the rear drive shaft 10 via the hydraulic clutch 13 and the planetary gear type differential limiting device 14. In this planetary gear type differential limiting device 14, as will be described in detail in FIG. 3, a drive shaft 141 coupled to the hydraulic clutch 13 is fixed to a carrier 142, and a plurality of pinion gears rotatably supported on the carrier 142. Reference numeral 143 denotes a transmission structure including a ring rear 144 configured to transmit power to the rear wheel, and a sun gear 145 coupled by a shaft 147 to a driven gear 146 that meshes with a transmission gear 15 fixed to an extension shaft 8 corresponding to a transmission input shaft.
[0015]
In the four-wheel drive system for a vehicle configured as described above, when the engine output rotation speed is N and the torque is T, and the rotation speed and torque of each shaft are obtained, the planetary gear is configured with only the torque distribution by the planetary gear type center differential 3. If the gear ratio of the center differential 3 (the number of teeth ZR of the ring gear 34 / the number of teeth ZS of the sun gear 35) = ic,
N1 + ic N2 = (ic + 1) N0 (1)
Here, N1 is the rotational speed of the shaft 38, N2 is the rotational speed of the front drive shaft 36, and N0 is the rotational speed of the output shaft 31. If the gear ratio between the drive gear 37 and the driven gear 7 is set to id,
N1 = id * N3 (2)
N3 is the number of rotations of the extension shaft 8. Further, assuming that the transmission 9 is 5th and the gear ratios of 1st to 5th are iek (k = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5),
N3 = iek * N5 (3)
N5 is the number of rotations of the rear drive shaft 10. If the front and rear wheels have the same rotation speed,
N2 = N5 (4)
It becomes. From the equations (1) to (4),
N0 = (ic + id * iek) / (ic + 1) * N5 (5)
Here, if N0 / N5 = itk, which corresponds to the normal transmission gear ratio,
itk = (ic + id * iek) / (ic + 1) (6)
It becomes.
[0016]
The transmission gear ratio iek is ee1 = 4.0000 in the first speed, ie2 = 2.200 in the second speed, ie3 = 1.300 in the third speed, ie4 = 0.750 in the fourth speed, and IE5 = 0.333 in the fifth speed. Assuming that ic = 3 and id = 3, the total gear ratio itk is it1 = 3.750, it2 = 2.400, it3 = 1.725, it4 = 1.315, it5 = 1.000. It becomes.
[0017]
Further, the front / rear torque distribution by the configuration of only the torque distribution of the planetary gear type center differential 3 is as follows. The torque distribution in the planetary gear type center differential 3 is set such that the torque of the shaft 38 is T1 and the torque of the front drive shaft 36 is T2.
T2 = ic * T1 (7)
It becomes. If the torque of the extension shaft 8 is T3,
T3 = id * T1 (8)
If the torque of the rear drive shaft 10 is T5,
T5 = iek * T3 (9)
It becomes. Therefore, from the equations (7) to (9), the front / rear torque distribution (TF: TR) is
TF: TR = T2: T5 = ic: id * iek (10)
According to the equation (10), TF: TR = 20: 80 is determined when the transmission gear ratio ie1 = 4.00, and TF: TR = 75: 25 is determined when ie5 = 0.333.
[0018]
On the other hand, when the slip occurs, the front and rear wheel rotational speeds are: if the gear ratio of the planetary gear type differential limiting device 14 is if and the rotational speed of the shaft 147 is i6.
N6 + if * N5 = (if + 1) * N4 (11)
Here, if the transmission gear 15 and the driven gear 146 have the same gear ratio,
N6 = N1 (12)
Also, if the hydraulic multi-plate clutch 13 is completely engaged when slip occurs,
N4 = N6 = N0 (13)
From Equations (12) and (13), Equation (11) is
N1 + if * N5 = (if + 1) * N0 (14)
From the formulas (1) to (3) and the formula (14),
Figure 0003665114
Assuming that the ratio of the number of revolutions of the rear wheel to the front wheel is N5 / N2 = irk,
Figure 0003665114
Assuming that the gear ratio if = 3.1 of the planetary gear type differential limiting device 14 in this equation, ir1 = 1.008 when ie1 = 4.0000, and ir5 = 1.000 when ee5 = 0.333. The gear ratio if is slightly different from the gear ratio ic of the planetary gear type center differential 3. These numerical values are summarized in Table 1.
[0019]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003665114
[0020]
In the present invention configured as described above, when the hydraulic clutch 13 is turned off, the output of the engine 1 transmits the driving force to the front and rear wheels at a predetermined torque distribution ratio by the planetary gear type center differential 3 as in the conventional case. Then, the rotational speed is set to a predetermined reduction ratio set by the transmission 9. In this case, since the distributed rear wheel torque TR is transmitted via the transmission 9, the rear wheel is deviated in the low-speed gear and the front wheel is deviated in the high-speed gear. It becomes good. Since the hydraulic clutch 13 is turned off, the driving force of the engine is not transmitted to the carrier 142 of the planetary gear type differential limiting device 14, and the sun gear 145 that rotates via the transmission gear 15 and the driven gear 146, and the rear When a rotational speed difference occurs with the carrier 144 rotating via the drive shaft 10, the pinion gear 143 absorbs this and does not function as a differential limiting device.
[0021]
On the other hand, when the hydraulic clutch 13 is turned on, the driving force of the engine is input to the planetary gear type differential limiting device 14 from two systems. That is, one system is the sun gear 145 via the clutch 2, the planetary gear type center differential 3, the driven gear 7, the extension shaft 8, the transmission gear 15, and the driven gear 146, as in the case where the hydraulic clutch 13 is off, and the other is hydraulic pressure. A pinion gear 143 is provided via a clutch 13 and a carrier 142. The ring gear 144 is transmitted to the rear drive shaft 10.
[0022]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the ring gear 144 side is rotated by revolving the sun gear 145 corresponding to the front wheel rotation speed and the pinion gear 143 directly connected to the engine 1 while rotating the rotation speed of the ring gear 144 corresponding to the rear wheel rotation speed. Rotate at a higher speed. Specifically, as shown in Table 1, the number of rotations of the rear wheels relative to the front wheels is variable between 1.098 for the first speed and 1.000 for the fifth speed.
[0023]
Thus, the lower speed gear having a larger input / output rotational speed difference of the transmission 9 also increases the differential rotational speed of the planetary gear type differential limiting device 14 due to a slight gear ratio difference set with respect to the center differential 3. Since the rotational speed difference is further increased, a rotational speed difference between the front and rear wheels occurs. Therefore, the lower the gear, the higher the slip ratio of the rear wheels, the better the steering during driving, and the stability during braking. In addition, in order to reduce the front-rear wheel rotational speed difference for higher speed gears, direct-coupled four-wheel drive is used to ensure stability in all situations.
[0024]
The embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the transmission is not limited to a manual type, and may be any type of transmission such as an automatic transmission or a continuously variable transmission. Numerical values can also be appropriately selected.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the vehicle four-wheel drive device according to claim 1 of the present invention, the ring gear that guides the output of the engine to the carrier of the planetary gear type center differential gear and meshes with the pinion gear on the carrier is transferred to the front wheel side axle. In which the transmission is guided to the rear wheel axle via the rear drive shaft, the carrier configured to transmit through the engine and the clutch, the sun gear configured to transmit to the input side of the transmission, and the rear It has a planetary gear type differential limiting device composed of a ring gear configured to transmit power to the drive shaft, and the gear ratio of the planetary gear type operation limiting device is slightly different from the gear ratio of the planetary gear type center differential. Torque distribution with low speed gear and rear wheel bias is larger than rear wheel rotation speed compared to front wheel, torque distribution with high speed gear is front wheel bias and rear wheel rotation speed is almost equal to front wheel That characteristic it can be, it can be carried out traveling that matches the sensibility of the driver.
[0026]
Furthermore, in the four-wheel drive system for a vehicle according to claim 2, the engine has an output shaft on both front and rear sides, the planetary gear type center differential on the front output shaft side, and the planetary gear type differential on the rear output shaft side. By arranging the limiting device, the engine can be a midship type arranged near the center of the vehicle body, and a well-balanced motion characteristic can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a vehicle four-wheel drive device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged explanatory view of a planetary gear type center differential.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged explanatory view of a planetary gear type differential limiting device of a vehicle four-wheel drive device according to the present invention.
4 is a perspective view of FIG. 3. FIG.
FIG. 5 is an overall configuration diagram of a conventional vehicle four-wheel drive device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Engine 2 Clutch 3 Planetary gear type center differential 4 Front differential 8 Extension shaft 9 Transmission 10 Rear drive shaft 11 Rear differential 13 Hydraulic clutch 14 Planetary gear type differential limiting device

Claims (2)

エンジンの出力を遊星歯車式センタデフのキャリアに導きこのキャリア上のピニオンギヤに噛み合うリングギヤを前輪側車軸へ、サンギヤを変速機、リヤドライブ軸を介して後輪側車軸に導くよう構成した車両用4輪駆動装置において、上記エンジンとクラッチを介して伝動構成されたキャリア、上記変速機の入力側に伝動構成されたサンギヤ、上記リヤドライブ軸に伝動構成されたリングギヤとからなる遊星歯車式差動制限装置を有し、上記遊星歯車式作動制限装置のギヤ比を上記遊星歯車式センタデフのギヤ比と僅かに異ならせたことを特徴とする車両用4輪駆動装置。Four-wheel vehicle configured to guide the engine output to the planetary gear type center differential carrier and guide the ring gear meshing with the pinion gear on the carrier to the front wheel side axle and the sun gear to the rear wheel side axle via the transmission and rear drive shaft. A planetary gear type differential limiting device comprising: a carrier configured to be transmitted through the engine and a clutch; a sun gear configured to be transmitted to the input side of the transmission; and a ring gear configured to be transmitted to the rear drive shaft. And a gear ratio of the planetary gear type operation limiting device is slightly different from a gear ratio of the planetary gear type center differential. 上記エンジンは、前後両方に出力軸を有し、前方の出力軸側に前記遊星歯車式センタデフを、後方の出力軸側に前記遊星歯車式差動制限装置を配置したことを特徴とする請求項1記載の車両用4輪駆動装置。The engine has output shafts on both the front and rear sides, the planetary gear type center differential on the front output shaft side, and the planetary gear type differential limiting device on the rear output shaft side. The four-wheel drive device for vehicles according to 1.
JP27375195A 1995-09-28 1995-09-28 Four-wheel drive device for vehicle Expired - Fee Related JP3665114B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP27375195A JP3665114B2 (en) 1995-09-28 1995-09-28 Four-wheel drive device for vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP27375195A JP3665114B2 (en) 1995-09-28 1995-09-28 Four-wheel drive device for vehicle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0986201A JPH0986201A (en) 1997-03-31
JP3665114B2 true JP3665114B2 (en) 2005-06-29

Family

ID=17532075

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP27375195A Expired - Fee Related JP3665114B2 (en) 1995-09-28 1995-09-28 Four-wheel drive device for vehicle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3665114B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5377078B2 (en) * 2009-05-28 2013-12-25 富士重工業株式会社 Vehicle drive device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0986201A (en) 1997-03-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5497845A (en) Power transmitting system for vehicle
US4700800A (en) Drive system for motor vehicles
US5685389A (en) Drive of a cross-country vehicle
JPH07502097A (en) differential gear
JPS6490821A (en) Differential mechanism of four-wheel-drive vehicle
JPS6238412Y2 (en)
US7357747B2 (en) Apparatus for differential power distribution
JP3665114B2 (en) Four-wheel drive device for vehicle
US4907472A (en) Power transmitting system for a four-wheel drive vehicle
JP2508674B2 (en) Power transmission method for four-wheel drive vehicles
JPS6231296Y2 (en)
JP2764991B2 (en) Automotive power transmission
JP3058277B2 (en) Setting method of gear ratio of power transmission device of four-wheel drive vehicle
JPH09309351A (en) Vehicle driving device
JP2802309B2 (en) Power distribution control device for four-wheel drive vehicle
JP3057694B2 (en) Four-wheel drive vehicles
JPS635294B2 (en)
JP2766904B2 (en) Full-time four-wheel drive
JPS6397433A (en) Torque distributing device for four-wheel drive vehicle
JPS63103737A (en) Torque distributing device for four-wheel drive
JPH01293228A (en) Driving torque distributing device for automobile
JPH0439788Y2 (en)
JPH01186430A (en) Four-wheel drive vehicle
JP3173871B2 (en) Power transmission device for four-wheel drive vehicles
JPH10100700A (en) Four-wheel driving device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20050222

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20050329

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20050331

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees