JP3664686B2 - Soil mulching agent and mulching construction method using the soil mulching agent - Google Patents

Description

【０００８】
（式中、Ｒはジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートの残基及びＲ'はポリオールの残基を示し、該ポリオール残基は好ましくは２〜５０００個の炭素原子を含む）で表されるウレタンプレポリマー、式（ＩＩ）：
【０００９】
【化８】

【００１０】
（式中ｎは０〜５０の整数を示す）で表されるポリイソシアネート及び２−オキソ−４−メチル−１，３−ジオキソランとを含むウレタン系接着剤と骨材とを含むことを特徴とする土壌マルチング剤が提供される。
該土壌マルチング剤は、上記した特定のウレタン系接着剤を使用しているので、雨が降っても接着剤が溶け出すことがなく、従って土壌中の水分を保持してその蒸散を防止し、雑草の繁殖を防止するという土壌マルチング剤としての機能を充分発揮することができる。
【００１１】
特に、前記ウレタンプレポリマー、前記ポリイソシアネート及び前記２−オキソ−４−メチル−１，３−ジオキソランの混合割合が、それぞれ、これらの三成分の合計に対して５０〜７０重量％、５〜１５重量％及び２５〜３５重量％である前記土壌マルチング剤が好ましい。
【００１２】
又本発明によれば、骨材を土壌に散布し、式（Ｉ）：
【００１３】
【化９】

【００１４】
（式中、Ｒはジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートの残基及びＲ'はポリオールの残基を示し、該ポリオール残基は好ましくは２〜５０００個の炭素原子を含む）で表されるウレタンプレポリマー、式（ＩＩ）：
【００１５】
【化１０】

【００１６】
（式中ｎは０〜５０の整数を示す）で表されるポリイソシアネート及び２−オキソ−４−メチル−１，３−ジオキソランとを含むウレタン系接着剤と水とを混合して混合物とし、得られた混合物を前記骨材が散布された土壌に散布することを特徴とする土壌マルチング剤を用いたマルチング施工方法が提供される。
【００１７】
更に本発明によれば、式（Ｉ）：
【００１８】
【化１１】

【００１９】
（式中、Ｒはジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートの残基及びＲ'はポリオールの残基を示し、該ポリオール残基は好ましくは２〜５０００個の炭素原子を含む）で表されるウレタンプレポリマー、式（ＩＩ）：
【００２０】
【化１２】

【００２１】
（式中ｎは０〜５０の整数を示す）で表されるポリイソシアネート及び２−オキソ−４−メチル−１，３−ジオキソランとを含むウレタン系接着剤と水とを混合して混合物とし、得られた混合物と骨材とを混合し、その混合物を土壌に散布して施工することを特徴とする土壌マルチング剤を用いたマルチング施工方法が提供される。
【００２２】
【発明の実施の形態】
本実施形態の土壌マルチング剤は、ウレタン系接着剤と骨材とを含む。
ウレタン系接着剤は、東邦化学工業株式会社製のハイセルＯＨ−１Ｘ（商品名）を用いた。ハイセルＯＨ−１Ｘは、式（Ｉ）で表されるウレタンプレポリマー、式（ＩＩ）で表されるポリイソシアネート、及び２−オキソ−４−メチル−１，３−オキソランとを含む。それぞれの含有率は、前記三成分の合計に対して式（Ｉ）のウレタンプレポリマーが５０〜７０重量％、式（ＩＩ）のポリイソシアネートが５〜１５重量％及び２−オキソ−４−メチル−１，３−オキソランが２５〜３５重量％である。
【００２３】
又、骨材としては木材チップを用いた。さらに本実施形態の土壌マルチング剤には、前記接着剤及び前記骨材に加えてバーク堆肥を含有させた。
【００２４】
次に本実施形態のマルチング施工方法について説明する。
先ず、樹木の根元の土壌マルチング剤で覆うことが要求されている部分に骨材である木材チップを散布した。別途、ハイセルＯＨ−１Ｘと水道水とを容器の中で手早く混合して、ハイセルＯＨ−１Ｘの１５重量％混合液を得た。散布した木材チップの上からハイセルＯＨ−１Ｘの１５重量％混合液を前記容器から散布した。
【００２５】
尚、前記実施形態では骨材として木材チップを用いたが、これ以外にも小石、砂、砂利、火山レキ等を骨材として用いることが可能である。又、ウレタン系接着剤としてハイセルＯＨ−１を用いたがこれ以外のウレタン系接着剤を用いることも可能である。要は、式（Ｉ）で表されるウレタンプレポリマー、式（ＩＩ）で表されるポリイソシアネート及び２−オキソ−４−メチル−１，３−オキソランとを含むものであればよい。従って、これらの混合割合は、該三成分の合計に対して、前記ウレタンプレポリマーが５０〜７０重量％、前記ポリイソシアネートが５〜１５重量％及び前記２−オキソ−４−メチル−１，３−オキソランが２５〜３５重量％に限定されるものではない。
ウレタン系接着剤と水との混合物中の該ウレタン系接着剤濃度は特に限定されず、使用する骨材、ウレタン系接着剤及び施工条件等によって適宜決められる。又前記実施形態ではウレタン系接着剤と水とを容器中で混合したが、箱あるいはビニール袋等の袋、さらにはジョウロ等を使用することもできる。
ウレタン系接着剤の硬化時間は、温度やウレタン系接着剤濃度等によって変ってくる。硬化時間をコントロールする方法として、ウレタン系接着剤に加える水の温度を変える、例えば氷水を用いて硬化時間を延ばす方法等が挙げられる。
尚、前記実施形態において、ハイセルＯＨ−１Ｘの混合液が骨材間から完全に流れ落ちてしまうのを防ぐために、骨材の下にネット、フィルム等を敷いてもよい。
【００２６】
ウレタン系接着剤と水との混合物あるいはウレタン系接着剤、水及び骨材との混合物を土壌に散布する手段は、前記したように容器から散布する手段の他に、動力式噴霧器、２液同時噴霧可能な小型噴霧器、スプレー、ジョウロ等を使用する手段も採用できる。
【００２７】
さらに、上記実施形態では、予め骨材を土壌に散布し、その骨材の散布された土壌にウレタン系接着剤と水との混合物を散布したが、このような施工方法に限らず、ウレタン系接着剤と水との混合物に予め骨材を混合し、この混合物を、土壌マルチングが意図されている土壌に散布する施工方法を採用することも可能である。
【００２８】
【発明の効果】
本発明の土壌マルチング剤は、従来のような水溶性接着剤でなく上述のようなウレタン系の接着剤を含むため、降雨等によって該接着剤が溶出することがなく、該接着剤と骨材との接着状態が良好であるので、土壌中の水分を保持してその蒸散を防止し、雑草の繁殖を防止するという土壌マルチング剤本来の機能を維持させることができるという効果がある。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a soil mulching agent and a construction method using the soil mulching agent.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Trees are planted on roadsides, buildings, rooftops, etc. in urban areas for the purpose of preserving and improving the urban environment by improving the cityscape and for windproof, dustproof, heatproof, etc. In order to prevent weeds from growing on the soil surface at the base of these trees, and to prevent moisture from evaporating and drying out from the soil due to reflected light from road surfaces and buildings, etc. Soil mulching material may be placed. Such a mulching material has recently been widely applied not only to the vicinity of the root of a tree but also to preventing weed growth and moisture evaporation in soil at various locations. As such soil mulching material, aggregates such as wood chip, volcano reki, sand, gravel, etc. are used, but when these are spread alone on the surface of the soil, they are blown away by wind or washed away by rain Sometimes happened.
Therefore, it has been proposed to mulch the soil using a soil mulching agent containing a vinyl acetate adhesive or a CMC (carboxymethylcellulose) adhesive and the aggregate. Since this soil mulching agent has an aggregate bonded with an adhesive, the problem of the aggregate being blown into the wind or washed away by rain has been solved.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since this soil mulching agent uses a water-soluble adhesive such as vinyl acetate adhesive or CMC adhesive, the adhesive dissolves when it rains. There was a problem that the original function could not be demonstrated.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the adhesive does not elute even by rain or the like. Therefore, the soil retains moisture in the soil, prevents its transpiration, and prevents the growth of weeds. The problem is to maintain the original function of the mulching agent.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors to solve the above-mentioned problems, it was discovered that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by using a specific urethane-based adhesive as an adhesive for adhering the aggregate in the soil mulching agent. Completed the invention.
[0006]
Thus, according to the present invention, the formula (I):
[0007]
[Chemical 7]

[0008]
(Wherein R represents a residue of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and R ′ represents a residue of a polyol, which preferably contains 2 to 5000 carbon atoms), a urethane prepolymer represented by the formula (II ):
[0009]
[Chemical 8]

[0010]
(Wherein n represents an integer of 0 to 50) and a urethane adhesive containing a polyisocyanate and 2-oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane, and an aggregate. A soil mulching agent is provided.
The soil mulching agent uses the above-mentioned specific urethane-based adhesive, so that the adhesive does not melt even if it rains. Therefore, it retains moisture in the soil and prevents its transpiration. The function as a soil mulching agent for preventing the growth of weeds can be sufficiently exerted.
[0011]
In particular, the mixing ratio of the urethane prepolymer, the polyisocyanate and the 2-oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane is 50 to 70% by weight and 5 to 15% with respect to the total of these three components, respectively. The soil mulching agent which is weight% and 25-35 weight% is preferred.
[0012]
According to the invention, the aggregate is sprayed on the soil, and the formula (I):
[0013]
[Chemical 9]

[0014]
(Wherein R represents a residue of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and R ′ represents a residue of a polyol, which preferably contains 2 to 5000 carbon atoms), a urethane prepolymer represented by the formula (II ):
[0015]
[Chemical Formula 10]

[0016]
(Wherein n represents an integer of 0 to 50) and a urethane-based adhesive containing polyisocyanate and 2-oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane and water are mixed to form a mixture, A mulching construction method using a soil mulching agent, characterized in that the obtained mixture is sprayed on the soil on which the aggregate is sprayed.
[0017]
Further according to the present invention, the formula (I):
[0018]
Embedded image

[0019]
(Wherein R represents a residue of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and R ′ represents a residue of a polyol, which preferably contains 2 to 5000 carbon atoms), a urethane prepolymer represented by the formula (II ):
[0020]
Embedded image

[0021]
(Wherein n represents an integer of 0 to 50) and a urethane-based adhesive containing polyisocyanate and 2-oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane and water are mixed to form a mixture, There is provided a mulching construction method using a soil mulching agent, wherein the obtained mixture and aggregate are mixed, and the mixture is applied to the soil for construction.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The soil mulching agent of the present embodiment includes a urethane-based adhesive and aggregate.
As the urethane-based adhesive, Hicell OH-1X (trade name) manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. was used. High-cell OH-1X contains a urethane prepolymer represented by the formula (I), a polyisocyanate represented by the formula (II), and 2-oxo-4-methyl-1,3-oxolane. The respective contents are 50 to 70% by weight of the urethane prepolymer of the formula (I), 5 to 15% by weight of the polyisocyanate of the formula (II) and 2-oxo-4-methyl, based on the total of the three components. -1,3-oxolane is 25 to 35% by weight.
[0023]
Moreover, wood chips were used as the aggregate. Furthermore, the soil mulching agent of this embodiment contained bark compost in addition to the adhesive and the aggregate.
[0024]
Next, the mulching construction method of this embodiment will be described.
First, wood chips, which are aggregates, were sprayed on the parts required to be covered with a soil mulching agent at the root of the tree. Separately, high cell OH-1X and tap water were quickly mixed in a container to obtain a 15% by weight mixed solution of high cell OH-1X. A 15% by weight mixed solution of Hicell OH-1X was sprayed from above the sprayed wood chips.
[0025]
In the embodiment described above, wood chips are used as aggregates, but pebbles, sand, gravel, volcanic rakes, and the like can also be used as aggregates. Moreover, although high cell OH-1 was used as a urethane type adhesive agent, it is also possible to use other urethane type adhesive agents. In short, what is necessary is just to include the urethane prepolymer represented by the formula (I), the polyisocyanate represented by the formula (II) and 2-oxo-4-methyl-1,3-oxolane. Therefore, these mixing ratios are 50 to 70% by weight of the urethane prepolymer, 5 to 15% by weight of the polyisocyanate, and 2-oxo-4-methyl-1,3 based on the total of the three components. -Oxolane is not limited to 25-35 wt%.
The concentration of the urethane-based adhesive in the mixture of the urethane-based adhesive and water is not particularly limited, and can be determined as appropriate depending on the aggregate to be used, the urethane-based adhesive, construction conditions, and the like. In the embodiment, the urethane adhesive and water are mixed in the container. However, a bag such as a box or a plastic bag, or a water fountain can be used.
The curing time of the urethane adhesive varies depending on the temperature, the urethane adhesive concentration, and the like. Examples of a method for controlling the curing time include a method of changing the temperature of water added to the urethane-based adhesive, for example, a method of extending the curing time using ice water.
In the above-described embodiment, a net, a film, or the like may be laid under the aggregate in order to prevent the mixed solution of the high cell OH-1X from flowing completely between the aggregates.
[0026]
The means for spraying a mixture of urethane-based adhesive and water or a mixture of urethane-based adhesive, water and aggregate to the soil is not limited to the means for spraying from the container as described above. Means using a sprayable small sprayer, spray, watering device, etc. can also be employed.
[0027]
Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the aggregate is spread on the soil in advance, and the mixture of the urethane-based adhesive and water is sprayed on the soil on which the aggregate is dispersed. It is also possible to adopt a construction method in which aggregate is mixed in advance with a mixture of adhesive and water, and this mixture is sprayed on soil where soil mulching is intended.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
Since the soil mulching agent of the present invention includes the urethane adhesive as described above instead of the conventional water-soluble adhesive, the adhesive does not elute due to rain or the like. Therefore, there is an effect that the original function of the soil mulching agent can be maintained, which is to maintain moisture in the soil and prevent its transpiration and prevent weeds from breeding.

Claims (4)

Formula (I):

(Wherein R represents a residue of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and R ′ represents a residue of a polyol), formula (II):

(Wherein n represents an integer of 0 to 50) and a urethane adhesive containing a polyisocyanate and 2-oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane, and an aggregate. Soil mulching agent. The mixing ratio of the urethane prepolymer, the polyisocyanate and the 2-oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane is 50 to 70% by weight and 5 to 15% by weight, respectively, based on the total of these three components. And the soil mulching agent according to claim 1, which is 25 to 35% by weight. Aggregate is applied to the soil and the formula (I):

(Wherein R represents a residue of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and R ′ represents a residue of a polyol), formula (II):

(Wherein n represents an integer of 0 to 50) and a urethane-based adhesive containing polyisocyanate and 2-oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane and water are mixed to form a mixture, A mulching construction method using a soil mulching agent, characterized in that the obtained mixture is sprayed on the soil on which the aggregate is sprayed. Formula (I):

(Wherein R represents a residue of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and R ′ represents a residue of a polyol), formula (II):

(Wherein n represents an integer of 0 to 50) and a urethane-based adhesive containing polyisocyanate and 2-oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane and water are mixed to form a mixture, The mulching construction method using the soil mulching agent characterized by mixing the obtained mixture and aggregate, and spraying the mixture on soil.