JP3662043B2 - Method for dyeing polyester yarn and polyester blend yarn - Google Patents

Method for dyeing polyester yarn and polyester blend yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3662043B2
JP3662043B2 JP32054694A JP32054694A JP3662043B2 JP 3662043 B2 JP3662043 B2 JP 3662043B2 JP 32054694 A JP32054694 A JP 32054694A JP 32054694 A JP32054694 A JP 32054694A JP 3662043 B2 JP3662043 B2 JP 3662043B2
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Prior art keywords
dyeing
polyester
yarn
oligomer
oligomers
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JP32054694A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH08176967A (en
Inventor
浩二 翠
孝一 岡田
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Nicca Chemical Co Ltd
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Nicca Chemical Co Ltd
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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/0032Determining dye recipes and dyeing parameters; Colour matching or monitoring

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、ポリエステル糸及びポリエステル混糸の染色方法に関する。さらに詳しく述べるならば、本発明は、ポリエステル糸及びポリエステル混糸の染色において、染色浴中のオリゴマーを安定に分散させ、かつ、ポリエステル糸及びポリエステル混糸の表面へのオリゴマーの付着を無くすことにより、オリゴマーによるトラブルを防止する染色方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、ポリエステル糸及びポリエステル混糸の染色においては、分散染料を用い、チーズ染色、ビーム染色、オーバーマイヤー染色、高圧噴射染色等の方式で、pH4〜5の酸性条件下に、温度120〜140℃、圧力2〜5気圧の高温高圧で染色を行い、水洗脱水した後、乾燥温度90〜120℃で乾燥を行うことが行なわれている。
【0003】
一般に、ポリエステル繊維(ポリエステル糸等を含む。以下同じ。)の酸性領域における高温高圧染色においては、ポリエステル繊維の内部からオリゴマーが繊維表面にブリードし、更にそのブリードしたオリゴマーの一部が染色浴中に脱落する。表面に残留したオリゴマーは、被染色性が乏しいため白く表面に残り、色斑の原因となったり、また被染色物が白けるなど、色品位の低下を招く。また、染色浴中に脱落したオリゴマーは、酸性条件下では水溶性が乏しいため、再凝集して繊維表面に付着したり、染色浴中の染料と凝集物を形成し、染料分散安定性を阻害して染料スペックの原因をつくり、色斑を発生させる。特に、ポリエステル糸及びポリエステル混糸の染色においては、チーズ染色、ビーム染色、オーバーマイヤー染色や高圧噴射染色のいずれにおいても、染液の流れが布帛染色で使用されている液流染色機等に比較して弱く、糸表面に多量にオリゴマーが残留すると共に、染液中に脱落したオリゴマーも、再凝集して被染物の内層部分に集中して付着し、発粉現象を起こす等のトラブルがみられる。また、ポリエステル糸の場合、染色後リワインド(巻返し)の工程を経るのが通常であり、このリワインド工程において、ワインダーの糸ガイドに表面付着オリゴマーにより発粉する現象が起きたり、糸切れが起きるなどオリゴマーによる数々のトラブルを誘発している。特に、最近におけるポリエステル糸は、高速紡糸糸や紡糸後熱加工を行なった加工糸の使用が増加しており、またポリエステルミシン糸等は糸強度を向上させるため染色前に熱処理を施しており、これらの糸使いはオリゴマーの発生を助長し、オリゴマーによるトラブルに拍車をかけているのが現状である。
【0004】
かかるオリゴマーによるトラブルの解決手段として、界面活性剤を利用したオリゴマー分散剤(特開昭57−89683および54−112905)や、有機系溶剤を利用したオリゴマー溶解剤(特開昭49−133619)、超音波による洗浄(特開昭48−73596)等が提案されているが、未だ問題を解決するには至っていない。また、数年前からは、pH8以上のアルカリ性領域において高温高圧染色する、いわゆるアルカリ染色が提唱されており、アルカリ染色においてpHを調整し、オリゴマーを良好に分散させる効果を有するアルカリ剤も多数提案されている(特開平1−192885および3−9066)。しかしながら、これらのアルカリ剤を使用したアルカリ染色においては、ポリエステル布帛の染色ではオリゴマーによるトラブルの防止効果が充分に認められるものの、ポリエステル糸及びポリエステル混糸の染色ではオリゴマーによるトラブルの防止効果にバラツキが認められ、特に最近においては前記したようにオリゴマーの発生しやすい糸使いがなされることに伴って、オリゴマーによるトラブルの防止効果は不十分となっている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記のようなポリエステル糸及びポリエステル混糸の染色工程において発生するオリゴマーによるトラブルを防止すると共に、近年用いられているオリゴマーの発生しやすい糸使いにおいても、オリゴマーによるトラブルを防止することのできる染色方法を提供することを目的としてなされたものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、これらの技術的課題について鋭意検討を重ねた結果、ポリエステル糸及びポリエステル混糸の染色において、分散染料を用い、染色浴のpHが8以上のアルカリ性領域で高温染色後、90℃以下の乾燥温度で乾燥することにより、上記課題を解決し得ることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0007】
更に詳しく説明すれば、本発明の方法は、ポリエステル糸及びポリエステル混糸の染色に際し、染色浴のpHを8以上に保ち、一般には温度120〜140℃、圧力2〜5気圧の高温高圧下に、分散染料により染色し、水洗脱水後、温度を90℃以下に保ちつつ乾燥を行なうことを特徴とするものである。
染色浴のpHを8以上に調整するためには、通常のアルカリ性を示す化合物、例えば、苛性ソーダ、苛性カリ、炭酸ソーダ、炭酸カリウム等の無機性のアルカリ性を示す化合物や、メチルアミン、ジメチルアミン、エチルアミン等のアルキルアミン、モノエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン等のアルカノールアミン等を使用することができ、また水溶液がpH8以上のアルカリ性を示す限りにおいて、上記化合物の酸塩を使用することもできる。さらに、染色に使用する水中の金属イオンの影響を考慮し、ポリアクリル酸やポリメタクリル酸のアルカリ金属塩、アミン塩、アルカノールアミン塩等のキレート効果を有する、いわゆるアルカリ染色用のアルカリ剤をpH調整剤として使用することもできる。また、ポリエステル繊維の染色に際して一般に使用されている分散均染剤や、エチレンジアミンテトラアセテートのような一般のキレート剤を適宜併用することもできる。
【0008】
染色浴のpHを8以上とすることは必須であるが、染料の加水分解による色目変化の弊害を考慮する場合には、pHを8〜10とするのが好ましい。
また、染色後、必要に応じて還元洗浄等の工程を経ることもできる。
次に、染色後の乾燥においては、使用する乾燥機はその熱源を限定されるものではなく、従来公知の乾燥機、例えば、空気乾燥機、チーズ乾燥機、高周波乾燥機、赤外線乾燥機などを適宜使用することができ、被乾燥物であるポリエステル糸が実質的に90℃以下(好ましくは80℃以下)に保たれていれば、本発明の効果を得ることができる。
【0009】
すなわち、本発明は、上述したように、ポリエステル糸及びポリエステル混糸の分散染料による染色に際して、染色浴のpHを8以上に保ちつつ高温高圧で染色することによって染色時に繊維表面にブリードしてきたオリゴマーを表面から除去すると共に水中で安定に存在させ、かつ、乾燥温度を90℃以下、好ましくは80℃以下に保つことにより乾燥時の繊維内部からのオリゴマーのブリードを押さえるという2つの手段を組み合わせることにより、初めてオリゴマーによるトラブルの防止を完全に行うことを可能としたものである。
【0010】
【作用】
本発明によるポリエステル糸及びポリエステル混糸の染色において、再現性良くオリゴマーによるトラブルを解決できる機構は、必ずしも明確ではないが、以下のように考えられる。
通常トラブルを引き起こすオリゴマーは、テレフタル酸とエチレングリコールの3〜5量体である環状縮合物であり、一般には酸性〜中性である水には僅かしか溶解しない。これは、高温高圧の水においても同様である。従って、かかる処理ではポリエステル繊維表面にブリードしてきたオリゴマーを表面から除去する能力は乏しく、また水流により物理的に脱落したオリゴマーも、水中で安定に存在することができない。一方、pH8以上のアルカリ性浴においては、高温でオリゴマーの溶解度も増し、更に水流により物理的に脱落したオリゴマーも安定に水中に分散溶解すると考えられる。従って、染色後乾燥前においては、ポリエステル糸表面へのオリゴマー付着は、酸性染色でかなり認められるのに対して、pH8以上のアルカリ染色においてはほとんど認められない。
【0011】
しかし、アルカリ染色でポリエステル糸等の表面にオリゴマー付着がほとんど認められないものであっても、後工程で90〜120℃の一般的な乾燥条件で乾燥を行なうと、再びポリエステル繊維内部からオリゴマーがブリードして表面に現れる。これは、ポリエステル繊維の中に内在し、または生成されたオリゴマーが、染色工程中に全ては除去されず、熱乾燥工程で再び表面にブリードし、または生成がされるためと考えられる。
【0012】
従って、ポリエステル糸及びポリエステル混糸の染色に際し、染色浴のpHを8以上の領域に保ち、一般には温度120〜140℃、圧力2〜5気圧の高温高圧下に染色し、水洗脱水後、乾燥温度を90℃以下として乾燥を行なうことにより初めて、再現性良くオリゴマーによるトラブルを解決することができる。
【0013】
【実施例】
以下、実施例をもって本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明の方法はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
なお、以下の試験は全て、75デニール/36フィラメントのポリエステル加工糸チーズにより行なった。
【0014】
オリゴマー試験方法
(1)染色浴中のオリゴマーの分散性
染色後染色浴排液を130℃にて5リットル回収し、12時間放置して室温まで冷却後、黒に染色された5A濾紙にて濾過し、濾紙表面に残留するオリゴマーを目視判定する。
【0015】
評価
かなりオリゴマーの残留が認められる ×
少しオリゴマーの残留が認められる △
全くオリゴマーの残留が認められない ○
【0016】
(2)表面付着オリゴマー
試験糸の表面を、走査型電子顕微鏡(日立製作所製S−2400型)にて観察判定する。
評価
表面に著しくオリゴマーが認められる ××
表面にかなりオリゴマーが認められる ×
表面に少しオリゴマーが認められる △
表面に全くオリゴマーが認められない ○
【0017】
実施例1〜7および比較例1〜2
下記の染色条件において、pH調整剤の違いおよび乾燥温度の違いによる染色浴中のオリゴマーの分散性及び糸表面付着オリゴマーの状態の評価を行なう。
染色条件
染色機 チーズ染色機(日阪製作所製HUHT−316/350型)
染 料 C.I. Disperse Blue 139 2% o.w.f.
浴 比 1:10
染 色 130℃×30分
pH調整剤 表中に記載
染色浴pH 表中に記載のpH調整剤にて、それぞれ表中に記載の染色浴pHに調整した。
【0018】
乾燥条件
乾燥機 チーズ乾燥機(日阪製作所製HDHT−1/316型)
乾燥温度 室温(約25℃)、60、70、80、90、100、120℃
乾燥時間 1時間(ただし、室温の時は2時間)
結果を下記の表にまとめて記載する。
【0019】
【表1】

Figure 0003662043
【0020】
【発明の効果】
本発明の染色方法によれば、染色浴中のオリゴマーやポリエステル糸及びポリエステル混糸の表面へのオリゴマーの付着を防止でき、オリゴマーによる種々のトラブルを解決できる。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for dyeing polyester yarn and polyester blend yarn. More specifically, the present invention relates to dyeing of polyester yarn and polyester blend yarn by stably dispersing the oligomer in the dyeing bath and eliminating adhesion of the oligomer to the surface of the polyester yarn and polyester blend yarn. The present invention relates to a dyeing method for preventing troubles caused by oligomers.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in dyeing of polyester yarn and polyester blend yarn, disperse dye is used, cheese dyeing, beam dyeing, overmeier dyeing, high pressure jet dyeing, etc., under acidic conditions of pH 4-5, temperature 120-140 ° C. The dyeing is performed at a high temperature and high pressure of 2 to 5 atmospheres, and after washing and dewatering, drying is performed at a drying temperature of 90 to 120 ° C.
[0003]
In general, in high-temperature and high-pressure dyeing in an acidic region of polyester fibers (including polyester yarns, etc.), oligomers bleed from the inside of the polyester fibers to the fiber surface, and some of the bleed oligomers are in the dyeing bath. Fall off. The oligomer remaining on the surface is white because it has poor dyeability, and remains on the surface, causing color spots and whitening of the object to be dyed. In addition, oligomers dropped into the dye bath have poor water solubility under acidic conditions, so they re-aggregate and adhere to the fiber surface, or form aggregates with the dye in the dye bath, impairing dye dispersion stability. This creates the cause of the dye specs and causes color spots. Especially in the dyeing of polyester yarn and polyester blend yarn, the flow of the dyeing liquid is compared with the liquid dyeing machine used in fabric dyeing in any of cheese dyeing, beam dyeing, overmeier dyeing and high-pressure jet dyeing. However, the oligomer remains weak and a large amount of oligomers remain on the yarn surface, and the oligomers that have fallen into the dyeing liquid re-aggregate and concentrate on the inner layer of the dyed object, causing problems such as powdering. It is done. In the case of polyester yarn, it is usually passed through a rewinding (rewinding) process after dyeing, and in this rewinding process, the yarn guides of the winder are powdered by surface-attached oligomers, and the yarn breakage occurs. Numerous troubles are caused by oligomers. In particular, the use of high-speed spun yarns and processed yarns that have been heat-processed after spinning has been increasing in recent polyester yarns, and polyester sewing yarns have been heat-treated before dyeing in order to improve yarn strength. The current situation is that the use of these yarns promotes the generation of oligomers and spurs problems caused by oligomers.
[0004]
As means for solving troubles caused by such oligomers, oligomer dispersants using surfactants (JP-A 57-89683 and 54-112905), oligomer solubilizers using organic solvents (JP-A 49-133619), Ultrasonic cleaning (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 48-73596) has been proposed, but the problem has not yet been solved. In addition, since several years ago, so-called alkali dyeing has been proposed, in which high-temperature and high-pressure dyeing is performed in an alkaline region having a pH of 8 or higher, and many alkali agents have been proposed that have the effect of adjusting pH and dispersing oligomers in alkali dyeing. is (JP-a-1-192885 and 3-906 8 6). However, in alkaline dyeing using these alkali agents, although the effect of preventing troubles due to oligomers is sufficiently recognized in dyeing polyester fabrics, there is variation in the effect of preventing troubles caused by oligomers in dyeing polyester yarns and polyester mixed yarns. In particular, recently, as described above, with the use of yarn that easily generates oligomers, the effect of preventing problems caused by oligomers is insufficient.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention prevents problems caused by oligomers that occur in the dyeing process of polyester yarns and polyester blend yarns as described above, and also prevents troubles caused by oligomers even in thread use that is likely to occur in recent years. It was made for the purpose of providing a dyeing method that can be used.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies on these technical problems, the present inventors have used a disperse dye for dyeing polyester yarn and polyester blend yarn, and after dyeing at high temperature in an alkaline region where the pH of the dye bath is 8 or more, The present inventors have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by drying at a drying temperature of ℃ or less, and have completed the present invention.
[0007]
More specifically, in the method of the present invention, when dyeing polyester yarns and polyester blend yarns, the pH of the dyeing bath is kept at 8 or higher, and generally under a high temperature and high pressure of 120 to 140 ° C. and a pressure of 2 to 5 atm. , Dyed with disperse dye, washed and dehydrated, and then dried while keeping the temperature at 90 ° C. or lower.
In order to adjust the pH of the dyeing bath to 8 or more, a compound showing normal alkalinity, for example, a compound showing inorganic alkalinity such as caustic soda, caustic potash, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, methylamine, dimethylamine, ethylamine Alkanolamines such as alkylethanol, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, etc. can be used, and acid salts of the above compounds can also be used as long as the aqueous solution exhibits alkalinity of pH 8 or higher. Furthermore, considering the influence of metal ions in water used for dyeing, pH of alkali agents for so-called alkali dyeing, which has a chelating effect such as alkali metal salts, amine salts, alkanolamine salts of polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid, etc. It can also be used as a regulator. Further, a dispersion leveling agent generally used for dyeing polyester fibers and a general chelating agent such as ethylenediaminetetraacetate can be used in combination as appropriate.
[0008]
Although it is essential to set the pH of the dyeing bath to 8 or more, it is preferable to set the pH to 8 to 10 in consideration of the adverse effects of color change due to hydrolysis of the dye.
Moreover, after dyeing, it can also pass through processes, such as reduction | restoration washing | cleaning, as needed.
Next, in the drying after dyeing, the heat source of the dryer used is not limited, and a conventionally known dryer such as an air dryer, a cheese dryer, a high frequency dryer, an infrared dryer, etc. The effect of the present invention can be obtained as long as the polyester yarn that is to be dried is substantially maintained at 90 ° C. or lower (preferably 80 ° C. or lower).
[0009]
That is, as described above, the present invention provides an oligomer that bleeds to the fiber surface at the time of dyeing by dyeing polyester yarn and polyester blend yarn with disperse dyes while keeping the pH of the dyeing bath at 8 or higher at high temperature and high pressure. A combination of the two means of removing the surface from the surface and keeping it stably in water, and keeping the drying temperature at 90 ° C. or lower, preferably 80 ° C. or lower, to suppress the bleeding of the oligomer from the inside of the fiber during drying. This makes it possible for the first time to completely prevent troubles caused by oligomers.
[0010]
[Action]
In the dyeing of the polyester yarn and the polyester blend yarn according to the present invention, the mechanism capable of solving the trouble due to the oligomer with good reproducibility is not necessarily clear, but is considered as follows.
The oligomer that usually causes trouble is a cyclic condensate that is a 3 to 5 mer of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, and is generally slightly soluble in acidic to neutral water. The same applies to high-temperature and high-pressure water. Accordingly, such treatment has a poor ability to remove oligomers that have bleed from the surface of the polyester fiber from the surface, and oligomers that have been physically removed by a water stream cannot be present stably in water. On the other hand, in an alkaline bath having a pH of 8 or higher, it is considered that the solubility of the oligomer increases at a high temperature, and further, the oligomer that is physically removed by the water flow is stably dispersed and dissolved in water. Therefore, before dyeing and before drying, oligomer adhesion to the surface of the polyester yarn is considerably recognized by acidic dyeing, but is hardly recognized by alkaline dyeing at pH 8 or higher.
[0011]
However, even if the surface of the polyester yarn or the like hardly adheres to the oligomer due to the alkali dyeing, the oligomer is re-applied from the inside of the polyester fiber when dried under the general drying conditions of 90 to 120 ° C. in the subsequent step. Bleed and appear on the surface. This is presumably because the oligomers inherent to or produced in the polyester fibers are not completely removed during the dyeing process, but are bleed to the surface again or produced in the heat drying process.
[0012]
Therefore, when dyeing polyester yarns and polyester blend yarns, the pH of the dyeing bath is kept in the region of 8 or more, and dyeing is generally performed at a high temperature and high pressure of 120 to 140 ° C. and a pressure of 2 to 5 atm. Only when drying is performed at a temperature of 90 ° C. or less, troubles caused by oligomers can be solved with good reproducibility.
[0013]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention concretely, the method of this invention is not limited to these Examples.
The following tests were all conducted with a 75 denier / 36 filament processed polyester cheese.
[0014]
Oligomer test method (1) Dispersibility of oligomer in dyeing bath Collect 5 liters of dyeing bath drainage solution after dyeing at 130 ° C, let stand for 12 hours, cool to room temperature, and filter with 5A filter paper dyed in black The oligomer remaining on the filter paper surface is visually determined.
[0015]
Evaluation Remarkably oligomer residue is found ×
A little oligomer remains △
No oligomer residue is observed ○
[0016]
(2) The surface of the surface adhesion oligomer test yarn is observed and determined with a scanning electron microscope (S-2400, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.).
Remarkable oligomers are observed on the evaluation surface.
There is considerable oligomer on the surface ×
Some oligomers are observed on the surface.
No oligomers are observed on the surface ○
[0017]
Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-2
Under the following dyeing conditions, the dispersibility of the oligomer in the dyeing bath and the state of the yarn surface adhering oligomer are evaluated according to the difference in pH adjusting agent and the drying temperature.
Dyeing conditions Dyeing machine Cheese dyeing machine (HUHT-316 / 350 type, manufactured by Nisaka Seisakusho)
Dyeing CI Disperse Blue 139 2% owf
Bath ratio 1:10
Dyeing color 130 ° C x 30 minutes
pH adjuster Dye bath pH described in the table The pH adjuster described in the table was adjusted to the dye bath pH described in the table, respectively.
[0018]
Drying conditions Dryer Cheese dryer (Hisaka Seisakusho HDHT-1 / 316 type)
Drying temperature Room temperature (about 25 ° C), 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120 ° C
Drying time 1 hour (2 hours at room temperature)
The results are summarized in the table below.
[0019]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003662043
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
According to the dyeing method of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the oligomer from adhering to the surface of the oligomer, the polyester yarn and the polyester blend yarn in the dyeing bath, and solve various problems caused by the oligomer.

Claims (1)

ポリエステル糸またはポリエステル混糸を、分散染料を用い、染色浴のpHが8以上のアルカリ性領域で高温染色後、90℃以下の乾燥温度で乾燥することを特徴とするポリエステル糸及びポリエステル混糸の染色方法。Dyeing of polyester yarn and polyester blend yarn characterized in that polyester yarn or polyester blend yarn is dyed at high temperature in an alkaline region where the pH of the dyeing bath is 8 or higher using a disperse dye and then dried at a drying temperature of 90 ° C. or less. Method.
JP32054694A 1994-12-22 1994-12-22 Method for dyeing polyester yarn and polyester blend yarn Expired - Lifetime JP3662043B2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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JP3662043B2 true JP3662043B2 (en) 2005-06-22

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102561053A (en) * 2012-02-21 2012-07-11 苏州大学 Method for dyeing silk by using laccase-catalyzed tea polyphenols
CN103343459B (en) * 2013-07-25 2015-08-05 南通曙光染织有限公司 The processing method of hydroscopic fast-drying sportswear fabric polyamide/cotton mixture
CN111733612A (en) * 2020-07-23 2020-10-02 石狮市瑞鹰纺织科技有限公司 Special disperse dye for dyeing polyester yarns and preparation method thereof

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