JP3657586B2 - Fire spread prevention device for buildings - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fire spread prevention device for a building for preventing fire spread from a fire area to upper and lower floor areas, smoke damage, and the like in the event of a fire in a high-rise apartment such as an apartment.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 9 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing a balcony portion of a conventional high-rise fireproof building. In the figure, 1, 2 and 3 are upper and lower divided floors (partition areas), 1A, 2A and 3A are the above-mentioned This is a balcony (compartment area) for each compartmentalized unit 1, 2, and 3. The balconies of adjacent units on each floor are partitioned by easily destructible boundary wall plates (not shown), etc., in the event of a fire, etc. It is possible to evacuate to the next door by breaking the boundary wall board. Therefore, since the figurines on the balconies 1A, 2A, 3A may interfere with evacuation, they are regarded as a problem for disaster prevention.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In such a conventional high-rise fire-resistant building, the doors at the corridor side entrances of the dwelling units 1, 2 and 3 are fire-proof doors, but the fire-proofing measures are generally taken on the balconies 1A, 2A and 3A side. In addition, there are cases where combustible materials are placed on the balconies 1A, 2A, 3A. For example, when a fire breaks out in the dwelling unit 1 on the lower floor, the flames, smoke, or flammable combustible fragments, etc. By spraying along the balcony 2A of the directly upper floor dwelling unit 2 along the balcony 1A, it is applied to the combustible material on the balcony 2A, and the interior of the directly upper floor dwelling unit 2 is spread by the radiant heat, and a large amount of smoke, etc. There was a risk of inflow. In addition, there was a risk that flammables spouted from the balcony 1A to the lower floor and spread to the lower floor.
[0004]
This invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and in the event of a fire such as a high-rise fire-resistant building, the spread of fire from the fire area to the upper and lower floor areas, smoke damage, etc. as much as possible. It aims at providing the fire spread prevention apparatus of the building which can be prevented.
[0005]
A fire spread prevention device for a building according to the present invention is a fire spread prevention device for a building having a plurality of upper and lower divided areas, and is based on a fixed roof plate disposed in the vicinity of a boundary between the section areas and a building outer wall. A roof support arm having an end fixed, extending in the extending direction of the movable roof plate, being able to bend and rotate in a horizontal direction, and movably engaged with the movable roof plate; and A biasing means that constantly biases in the extending direction, and the roof support arm is locked at a bent position against the biasing means to hold the movable roof plate in a shortened state, and senses an abnormality in the event of a fire. And locking means for releasing the lock.
[0006]
A fire spread prevention device for a building according to the present invention is arranged in the vicinity of a boundary portion between the respective section regions in a building fire prevention device having a plurality of upper and lower divided areas, and is stored near the boundary portion in normal times. In a direction to block the ejected matter from the fire area at the front and side surfaces between the section areas toward the outward extension space at the boundary between the fire area and the upper and lower floor section areas when a fire occurs The front shielding mechanism and the side shielding mechanism to be protruded, and the corner shielding mechanism disposed between the front shielding mechanism and the side shielding mechanism, the front shielding mechanism and the side shielding mechanism are , An urging force in a direction of jumping out from the storage standby position between the section areas, the shielding mechanism is locked at the storage standby position against the urging force, and the lock is detected by detecting an abnormality when a fire occurs. Release The corner shielding mechanism has a non-combustible curtain having an umbrella structure having an urging force in the opening direction, and locks the curtain in a closed position, and senses an abnormality when a fire occurs. And locking means for releasing the lock.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a schematic side view showing an apparatus for preventing the spread of fire of a building according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main portion of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a bottom view of FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing the shortened state of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged bottom view of FIG. 5. The same parts as those in FIG. .
In the figure, the shielding mechanism 10 is placed and fixed (fixed to the outer wall surface of the building) near the lower part of each balcony 2A, 3A of each floor dwelling unit 2, 3 excluding the lowest floor dwelling unit in a high-rise apartment such as an apartment. The fixed roof plate 21, the first movable roof plate 22 that is attached to and supported by the lower portion of the fixed roof plate 21 so as to be movable in a horizontal (lateral) direction, and the lower portion of the first movable roof plate 22. The second movable roof plate 23 is mounted and supported so as to be stretchable in the horizontal (lateral) direction.
[0008]
The fixed roof plate 21 and the first movable roof plate 22 are provided with roller rails 24 and 25 on the back sides of the fixed roof plate 21 and the first movable roof plate 22, respectively, and on the rear portions of the first movable roof plate 22 and the second movable roof plate 23. Support rollers 28 and 29 are attached via roller brackets 26 and 27, a support roller 28 at the rear of the first movable roof plate 22 is provided on the roller rail 24 of the fixed roof plate 21, and the first movable roof is provided. A support roller 29 at the rear of the second movable roof plate 23 is supported on the roller rail 25 of the plate 22 so as to be freely rollable.
[0009]
A roof support arm 30 is disposed in the vicinity of the lower portion of the second movable roof plate 23 that can move the longest stroke from the fixed roof plate 21. The roof support arm 30 includes a fixed arm member 31 whose base end is firmly attached and fixed to the outer wall surface of the building and extending in the extending direction of the first and second movable roof plates 22 and 23, and the fixed arm member 31. The movable arm member 32 is connected to the distal end portion so as to be bent and rotated in the horizontal direction. The movable arm member 32 is connected to the fixed arm member 31 at the connecting portion between the fixed arm member 31 and the movable arm member 32. An urging means 33 such as a coil spring that constantly urges 31 in the straight extension direction is provided.
[0010]
The distal end portion of the movable arm member 32 is movably engaged with the distal end portion of the second movable roof plate 23 in a direction perpendicular to the extended locus lines of the roller rails 24 and 25 on a plane. Has been. As the engaging means, an arm rail 34 extending in a direction orthogonal to the extension trajectory line of the roller rails 24, 25 is provided on the back side of the distal end portion of the second movable roof plate 23, and the movable rail plate 23 is movable. An engagement element 35 such as a bearing is provided at the distal end of the arm member 32, and the engagement element 35 is slidably fitted into and engaged with the arm rail 34.
[0011]
In the shielding mechanism 10 configured as described above, the first and second movable roof plates 22 and 23 are shortened to the lower position of the fixed roof plate 21 in a normal state. The movable arm member 32 is held in a bent state from the connecting portion with the fixed arm member 31 against the biasing means 33. In this case, the movable arm member 32 is locked and held by a locking means (not shown) such as a thermal fuse at a bent position against the urging means 33.
[0012]
2 and 5, 21 a is raised at the front end wall of the fixed roof plate 21, 22 a is raised at the front end wall of the first movable roof plate 22, and 22 b is raised at the rear end portion of the first movable roof plate 22. This stopper 22 b is abutted against the inner surface of the front end wall 21 a of the fixed roof plate 21 at the maximum extension position of the first movable roof plate 22. Reference numeral 23 a denotes a stopper that is raised at the rear end portion of the second movable roof plate 23, and this stopper 23 a is the front end wall 22 a of the first movable roof plate 22 at the maximum extension position of the second movable roof plate 23. It is made to contact the inner surface.
[0013]
Next, the operation will be described.
When the shielding mechanism 10 is in a normal state, the first and second movable roof plates 22 and 23 are stored in a shortened state below the fixed roof plate 21 as shown in the lower part of FIG. In this stored state, the movable arm member 32 of the roof support arm 30 is bent from the connecting portion with the fixed arm member 31 against the urging means 33 as shown in FIG. The lock is held by the locking means. In this state, for example, when the lower-floor dwelling unit 2 in FIG. 1 catches fire and the ejecta spouts out from the balcony 2A of the fire-dwelling unit 2, the abnormality is detected in the lower part of the balcony 3A of the upper-floor dwelling unit 3 of the fire dwelling unit 2. The movable arm member 32 is automatically unlocked when sensed by the well-known locking means of the roof support arm 30 (for example, the thermal fuse is blown).
[0014]
In this way, when the movable arm member 32 is automatically unlocked due to an abnormality caused by the ejected matter at the time of the fire, the movable arm member 32 is fixed by the elastic force of the urging means 33. It rotates horizontally in the straight extension direction (arrow direction in FIG. 6). Here, the movable arm member 32 that rotates horizontally as described above by the engagement element 35 at the distal end of the movable arm member 32 being slidably engaged with the arm rail 34 at the distal end of the second movable roof plate 23. First, the second movable roof plate 23 is pulled out of the lower portion of the first movable roof plate 22 by 32.
[0015]
The stopper 23a at the rear end of the second movable roof plate 23 abuts and engages with the front end wall 22a of the first movable roof plate 22 while the movable arm member 32 is horizontally rotated in the straight extension direction. The first movable roof plate 22 is pulled out following the second movable roof plate 23, and the stopper 22b at the rear end of the first movable roof plate 22 comes into contact with and engages with the front end wall 21a of the fixed roof plate 21. At the time, as shown in the upper part of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the movable arm member 32 is extended and stopped, and the first and second movable roof plates 22 and 23 of the shielding mechanism 10 are moved from the bottom of the balcony 3A. It will be in the extended state that jumps forward.
[0016]
Accordingly, the ejected matter spouted from the balcony 2A of the fire-dwelling unit 2 is moved away from the balcony 3A on the upper floor by the first and second movable roof plates 22 and 23 of the shielding mechanism 10 that has jumped out from the lower part of the balcony 3A on the upper floor. Blocked. For this reason, it is possible to prevent as much as possible the flammable figurine etc. on the directly upper floor balcony 3A from being ignited by the ejected matter from the lower floor balcony 2A, and to prevent the directly upper floor dwelling unit 3 from spreading fire or causing smoke damage. be able to. In addition, the ejected matter that falls and scatters along the balcony 2A of the fire-breaking unit 2 is prevented from falling to the lower-floor dwelling units by the first and second movable roof plates 22 and 23 of the shielding mechanism 10 below the balcony 2A. The
[0017]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a fire spread prevention device for a building according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a schematic partial side view showing the main part of FIG. In the second embodiment, the shielding mechanism 10 has a tent configuration. In the figure, reference numeral 41 denotes a fire-resistant curtain winding box provided at the lower part of the balconies 2A and 3A on each floor except the balcony 1A on the lowest floor, and 42 denotes a fire-resistant winding provided in the curtain winding box 41. A take-up drum 43 is a curtain wound around the take-up drum 42. The curtain 43 is a non-combustible sheet such as silica cloth, glass cloth, carbon cloth, or a material obtained by polymerizing a wire mesh or metal foil. Consists of. 44 is a plurality of refractory columns that are tilted in the front-rear direction with their lower ends connected to and supported by the upper ends of the surrounding walls of the balconies 1A, 2A, 3A of the dwelling units 1, 2, and 3 on each floor. It is a horizontal beam that is also used as a weight that is horizontally mounted between the upper ends, and the end of the curtain 43 is connected to the horizontal beam 45.
[0018]
Further, the shielding mechanism 10 having the above configuration has a locking means (not shown) for locking the winding drum 42 at the winding limit position of the curtain 43. This locking means is the case of the first embodiment. In the same manner, it consists of a heat sensitive member such as a thermal fuse that detects an abnormality in the event of a fire and releases the lock. Further, when the winding drum 42 is unlocked, the shield mechanism 10 causes the curtain 44 to be pulled out from the winding drum 42 when the column 44 tilts forward due to the weight of the horizontal rail 45 at the upper end of the column 44. It is like that. Therefore, the column 44 has a biasing force in the curtain pulling direction due to the weight action of the horizontal bar 45. The winding drum 42 may be urged in the curtain feeding direction by means of a spring or the like. In this case, the winding drum 42 is overcome against the urging force of the spring or the like and the above described winding limit position is described above. If locked as described above, the curtain 43 can be automatically unwound by rotating the winding drum 42 with an urging force such as the spring when the lock is released.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 7, the shielding mechanism 10 is provided for the front of each balcony 1A, 2A, 3A of each floor dwelling unit 1, 2, 3 and for the side of the balcony 1A, 2A, 3A of the side dwelling unit of each floor. Provided. Here, for convenience of explanation, in FIG. 7, the shielding mechanism 10 has a front shielding mechanism 10 </ b> A and a side shielding mechanism 10 </ b> B. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 10C denotes a corner shielding mechanism disposed between the front shielding mechanism 10A and the side shielding mechanism 10B. The corner shielding mechanism 10C includes a corner column 51 and the corner column. A lifting ring 52 fitted in 51, a bone member 53 having an umbrella structure having a base end connected to the lifting ring 52, and a tension member between the distal end of the bone member 53 and the upper end of the corner column 51. The non-combustible curtain 54 is provided, and the curtain 54 is opened by the upward movement of the lifting ring 52, and the curtain 54 is closed by the downward movement of the traveling ring 52.
[0020]
In the corner shielding mechanism 10C, the elevating ring 52 has an urging force in the upward direction by means such as a spring (not shown), and the elevating ring 52 resists this urging force so that the elevating ring 52 is in the lowered position (curtain 54). Is closed by a locking means (not shown) such as a thermal fuse, and the locking means senses the abnormality and releases the lock, so that the curtain 54 is lifted by the upward biasing force of the lifting ring 52. It is supposed to open.
[0021]
According to the second embodiment described above, the locks of the shielding mechanisms 10A, 10B, and 10C in the storage standby state are released by the ejected matter that is spouted from the balcony of the fire and dwelling unit when a fire occurs, and the curtains 43 and 54 are automatically operated. By opening the cover, the same effect of preventing fire spread and smoke damage as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Moreover, in the second embodiment, since the ejected matter from the fire dwelling unit is blocked even at the corners of the balconies 1A, 2A, and 3A, the effect of preventing the fire spread and smoke damage can be further enhanced.
[0022]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the shielding mechanism 10 is provided on the balcony of the high-rise apartment has been described. However, the shielding mechanism 10 according to the present invention is applicable to all buildings on the second floor or higher, and the section area other than the balcony. For example, the present invention can also be applied to an area where there is a possibility that ejected matter may be blown up when a fire occurs, such as a staircase or a stairwell.
[0023]
Further, in each of the above embodiments, the case where the shielding mechanism 10 is disposed on the lower wall portion of the upper floor balcony has been described. However, the shielding mechanism 10 is located near the lower portion of the side wall portion of each floor dwelling unit, that is, each floor dwelling unit. What is necessary is just to arrange | position in the boundary part vicinity between. Furthermore, the popping-out direction of the shielding mechanism 10 is not specified outward in the horizontal direction, as long as it includes a horizontal direction component, that is, may be in the outward extension space direction of the boundary portion of each floor dwelling unit. .
[0024]
Further, the locking means of the shielding mechanism 10 includes a thermal fuse that unlocks when a heat is sensed above a certain temperature (abnormal), a solenoid that unlocks by an electrical signal based on the abnormality detection, or a sound that is detected by the abnormality detection. Or an alarm that emits light or the like. In the case of an alarm, the lock may be released by human operation.
[0025]
The pop-up of the shielding mechanism 10 is not limited to the urging force, and may be any of an electric driving means such as a motor or an artificial operation. Further, by monitoring the situation, You may make it control stepwise according to a situation according to a situation where the shielding mechanism 10 of the vicinity floor can jump out, the pop-up place, the pop-out order, the pop-out amount, etc.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the movable roof plate is attached to and supported by the fixed roof plate arranged in the vicinity of the boundary between the section areas in the building having the divided areas of the upper and lower floors so as to be extendable and retractable. The base end of the building is fixed to the outer wall of the building, and the roof support arm that extends in the extending direction of the movable roof plate and can be bent and rotated in the horizontal direction is engaged with the movable roof plate, and the roof support arm is always in the extending direction. The urging means for urging, the roof support arm is locked in a bent position against the urging means to hold the movable roof plate in a shortened state, and the lock is detected by detecting an abnormality in the event of a fire. Since the lock support means is automatically unlocked by the lock means in the event of a fire, the roof support arm is movable by the urging force. By moving the roof plate horizontally in the extending direction of the plate and pulling out the movable roof plate, it is possible to spread the fire and smoke damage to the upper and lower floor section areas by the ejected material from the fire area at the time of the fire as much as possible. There is an effect that can be prevented.
[0027]
According to the present invention, in the vicinity of the boundary between the section areas in a building having a partition area of a plurality of upper and lower floors, storage is normally performed near the boundary section in the case of a fire. A front-side shielding mechanism and a side-side shielding mechanism are arranged to project the ejected matter from the fire region in the direction of shielding the front and side surfaces between the section regions toward the outward extension space of the boundary between Since the corner shielding mechanism is arranged between the front shielding mechanism and the side shielding mechanism, not only the front and side surfaces between the section areas of the building but also the section area Also, it is possible to block the ejected matter from the fire-dwelling unit at the corner portion of the fire, and therefore, it is possible to more effectively prevent the spread of fire from the fire area to the upper and lower floors and smoke damage.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a building fire spread prevention device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of FIG. 2;
4 is a partially enlarged bottom view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing a shortened state of FIG. 1;
6 is a partially enlarged bottom view of FIG. 5. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a fire spread prevention device for a building according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
8 is a schematic partial side view showing the main part of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic partial sectional view showing a balcony portion of a conventional high-rise fireproof building.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,2,3 compartmentalized dwelling units (section area)
1A, 2A, 3A Balcony (section area)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Shielding mechanism 10A Front shielding mechanism 10B Side shielding mechanism 10C Corner shielding mechanism 21 Fixed roof plates 22, 23 Movable roof plate 30 Roof support arm

Claims (2)

In a fire spread prevention device for a building having a plurality of upper and lower divided sections, a fixed roof plate disposed near the boundary between the section regions, and a fixed roof plate that is attached to and supported by the fixed roof plate so as to extend and contract in a horizontal direction. The base end is fixed to the movable roof plate and the outer wall surface of the building, extends in the extending direction of the movable roof plate, and can be bent and rotated in the horizontal direction, and is movably engaged with the movable roof plate. A roof support arm, biasing means for constantly biasing the roof support arm in the extending direction, and locking the roof support arm in a bent position against the biasing means to hold the movable roof plate in a shortened state. And a fire prevention device for a building, comprising: a lock means for detecting an abnormality in the event of a fire and releasing the lock. In an apparatus for preventing the spread of fire in a building having a plurality of upper and lower divided areas, it is arranged near the boundary between the section areas, and is normally stored and waited near the boundary, and in the event of a fire, the fire area and the upper and lower floor sections A front-side shielding mechanism and a side-side shielding mechanism for ejecting the ejected matter from the fire region toward the outward extension space of the boundary between the regions in a direction to be shielded by the front and side surfaces between the section regions; The corner shielding mechanism disposed between the front shielding mechanism and the side shielding mechanism.
The front shielding mechanism and the side shielding mechanism include an urging force in a direction of jumping out from a storage standby position near a boundary between the upper and lower floor section regions, and each of the shielding mechanisms against the urging force at the storage standby position. And locking means for detecting an abnormality in the event of a fire and releasing the lock,
The corner shielding mechanism includes a non-combustible curtain having an umbrella structure having an upward urging force, a lock that locks the curtain in a lowered position, and releases the lock upon detecting an abnormality in the event of a fire. An apparatus for preventing the spread of fire in a building.

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